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Xu R, Vujić N, Bianco V, Reinisch I, Kratky D, Krstic J, Prokesch A. Lipid-associated macrophages between aggravation and alleviation of metabolic diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00092-4. [PMID: 38705759 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) are phagocytic cells with lipid-handling capacity identified in various metabolic derangements. During disease development, they locate to atherosclerotic plaques, adipose tissue (AT) of individuals with obesity, liver lesions in steatosis and steatohepatitis, and the intestinal lamina propria. LAMs can also emerge in the metabolically demanding microenvironment of certain tumors. In this review, we discuss major questions regarding LAM recruitment, differentiation, and self-renewal, and, ultimately, their acute and chronic functional impact on the development of metabolic diseases. Further studies need to clarify whether and under which circumstances LAMs drive disease progression or resolution and how their phenotype can be modulated to ameliorate metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Xu
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism, and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nemanja Vujić
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Isabel Reinisch
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Krstic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism, and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Prokesch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism, and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Ye RZ, Montastier E, Frisch F, Noll C, Allard-Chamard H, Gévry N, Tchernof A, Carpentier AC. Adipocyte hypertrophy associates with in vivo postprandial fatty acid metabolism and adipose single-cell transcriptional dynamics. iScience 2024; 27:108692. [PMID: 38226167 PMCID: PMC10788217 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte hypertrophy is associated with metabolic complications independent of obesity. We aimed to determine: 1) the association between adipocyte size and postprandial fatty acid metabolism; 2) the potential mechanisms driving the obesity-independent, hypertrophy-associated dysmetabolism in vivo and at a single-cell resolution. Tracers with positron emission tomography were used to measure fatty acid metabolism in 40 men and women with normal or impaired glucose tolerance (NCT02808182), and single nuclei RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) to determine transcriptional dynamics of subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) between individuals with AT hypertrophy vs. hyperplasia matched for sex, ethnicity, glucose-tolerance status, BMI, total and percent body fat, and waist circumference. Adipocyte size was associated with high postprandial total cardiac fatty acid uptake and higher visceral AT dietary fatty acid uptake, but lower lean tissue dietary fatty acid uptake. We found major shifts in cell transcriptomal dynamics with AT hypertrophy that were consistent with in vivo metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Zhou Ye
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Emilie Montastier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Frédérique Frisch
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Christophe Noll
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Hugues Allard-Chamard
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nicolas Gévry
- Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - André Tchernof
- Québec Heart and Lung Research Institute, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - André C. Carpentier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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3
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Jacks RD, Lumeng CN. Macrophage and T cell networks in adipose tissue. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:50-61. [PMID: 37872302 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The signals and structure of the tissues in which leukocytes reside critically mould leukocyte function and development and have challenged our fundamental understanding of how to define and categorize tissue-resident immune cells. One specialized tissue niche that has a powerful effect on immune cell function is adipose tissue. The field of adipose tissue leukocyte biology has expanded dramatically and has revealed how tissue niches can shape immune cell function and reshape them in a setting of metabolic stress, such as obesity. Most notably, adipose tissue macrophages and T cells are under intense investigation due to their contributions to adipose tissue in the lean and obese states. Both adipose tissue macrophages and T cells have features associated with the metabolic function of adipose tissue that are distinct from features of macrophages and T cells that are classically characterized in other tissues. This Review provides state-of-the-art understanding of adipose tissue macrophages and T cells and discusses how their unique niche can help us to better understand diversity in leukocyte responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiah D Jacks
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Stansbury CM, Dotson GA, Pugh H, Rehemtulla A, Rajapakse I, Muir LA. A lipid-associated macrophage lineage rewires the spatial landscape of adipose tissue in early obesity. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e171701. [PMID: 37651193 PMCID: PMC10619435 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.171701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) infiltration is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance in mice and humans. Recent single-cell data highlight increased ATM heterogeneity in obesity but do not provide a spatial context for ATM phenotype dynamics. We integrated single-cell RNA-Seq, spatial transcriptomics, and imaging of murine adipose tissue in a time course study of diet-induced obesity. Overall, proinflammatory immune cells were predominant in early obesity, whereas nonresident antiinflammatory ATMs predominated in chronic obesity. A subset of these antiinflammatory ATMs were transcriptomically intermediate between monocytes and mature lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) and were consistent with a LAM precursor (pre-LAM). Pre-LAMs were spatially associated with early obesity crown-like structures (CLSs), which indicate adipose tissue dysfunction. Spatial data showed colocalization of ligand-receptor transcripts related to lipid signaling among monocytes, pre-LAMs, and LAMs, including Apoe, Lrp1, Lpl, and App. Pre-LAM expression of these ligands in early obesity suggested signaling to LAMs in the CLS microenvironment. Our results refine understanding of ATM diversity and provide insight into the dynamics of the LAM lineage during development of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cooper M. Stansbury
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics
- The Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering
| | | | - Harrison Pugh
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics
| | | | - Indika Rajapakse
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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González-Domínguez Á, Belmonte T, Domínguez-Riscart J, Ruiz-Ocaña P, Muela-Zarzuela I, Saez-Benito A, Montañez-Martínez R, Mateos RM, Lechuga-Sancho AM. Altered insulin secretion dynamics relate to oxidative stress and inflammasome activation in children with obesity and insulin resistance. J Transl Med 2023; 21:559. [PMID: 37599368 PMCID: PMC10440893 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is considered the main driver of obesity related metabolic complications, and is related to oxidative stress and inflammation, which in turn promote each other. There is currently no specific definition of IR in children, rather, that for adult population is used by pediatric endocrinologists instead. Altered insulin secretion dynamics are associated with worse metabolic profiles and type 2 diabetes mellitus development, thus we aimed to test whether insulin response relates to oxidative stress and inflammation in children. METHODS We conducted a case-control study, including 132 children classified as follows: 33 children without obesity (Lean); 42 with obesity but no IR according to the American Diabetes Association criteria for adults (OBIR-); 25 with obesity and IR and an early insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (EP-OBIR +); 32 with obesity, IR, and a late insulin peak (LP-OBIR +); and studied variables associated with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation and inflammasome activation. RESULTS The measured parameters of children with obesity, IR, and an early insulin response were similar to those of children with obesity but without IR. It was late responders who presented an impaired antioxidant system and elevated oxidative damage in erythrocytes and plasma, and inflammasome activation at their white blood cells, despite lower classical inflammation markers. Increased uric acid levels seems to be one of the underlying mechanisms for inflammasome activation. CONCLUSIONS It is insulin response to an OGTT that identifies children with obesity suffering oxidative stress and inflammasome activation more specifically. Uric acid could be mediating this pathological inflammatory response by activating NLRP3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro González-Domínguez
- Grupo de Inflamación, Nutrición, Metabolismo y estrés Oxidativo, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), c/Doctor Marañón, 3 - Edificio Andrés Segovia, 11002, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Thalía Belmonte
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Domínguez-Riscart
- Grupo de Inflamación, Nutrición, Metabolismo y estrés Oxidativo, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), c/Doctor Marañón, 3 - Edificio Andrés Segovia, 11002, Cádiz, Spain
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica y Diabetes, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Pablo Ruiz-Ocaña
- Grupo de Inflamación, Nutrición, Metabolismo y estrés Oxidativo, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), c/Doctor Marañón, 3 - Edificio Andrés Segovia, 11002, Cádiz, Spain
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica y Diabetes, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario de Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
| | - Inés Muela-Zarzuela
- Grupo de Inflamación y Metabolismo Durante el Envejecimiento, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ana Saez-Benito
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain
- Grupo de Diabetes Mellitus - Autoinmunidad y complicaciones crónicas, Implicaciones Patológicas, clínicas y terapéuticas, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Raúl Montañez-Martínez
- Grupo de Daño cerebral Perinatal, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Rosa M Mateos
- Grupo de Inflamación, Nutrición, Metabolismo y estrés Oxidativo, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), c/Doctor Marañón, 3 - Edificio Andrés Segovia, 11002, Cádiz, Spain.
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Facultad de Ciencias, Biotecnología y Salud Pública y Salud Pública, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Alfonso M Lechuga-Sancho
- Grupo de Inflamación, Nutrición, Metabolismo y estrés Oxidativo, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), c/Doctor Marañón, 3 - Edificio Andrés Segovia, 11002, Cádiz, Spain.
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica y Diabetes, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain.
- Departamento Materno Infantil y Radiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.
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Molière S, Jaulin A, Tomasetto CL, Dali-Youcef N. Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Natural Inhibitors in Metabolism: Insights into Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10649. [PMID: 37445827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-activated peptidases that can be classified into six major classes, including gelatinases, collagenases, stromelysins, matrilysins, membrane type metalloproteinases, and other unclassified MMPs. The activity of MMPs is regulated by natural inhibitors called tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). MMPs are involved in a wide range of biological processes, both in normal physiological conditions and pathological states. While some of these functions occur during development, others occur in postnatal life. Although the roles of several MMPs have been extensively studied in cancer and inflammation, their function in metabolism and metabolic diseases have only recently begun to be uncovered, particularly over the last two decades. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the metabolic roles of metalloproteinases in physiology, with a strong emphasis on adipose tissue homeostasis, and to highlight the consequences of impaired or exacerbated MMP actions in the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity, fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Molière
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Radiology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France
- Breast and Thyroid Imaging Unit, ICANS-Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Amélie Jaulin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine-Laure Tomasetto
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Nassim Dali-Youcef
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Yadav U, Kumar N, Sarvottam K. Role of obesity related inflammation in pathogenesis of peripheral artery disease in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:175-188. [PMID: 37255816 PMCID: PMC10225462 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as one of the greatest global health challenges of twenty-first century. Visceral obesity is one of the most important determinant of insulin resistance (IR) as well as T2DM complications. Therefore this review focuses on the molecular mechanism of obesity induced inflammation, signaling pathways contributing to diabetes, as well as role of lifestyle interventions and medical therapies in the prevention and management of T2DM. Method Articles were searched on digital data base PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The key words used for search included Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, insulin resistance, vascular inflammation and peripheral arterial disease. Result Visceral obesity is associated with chronic low grade inflammation and activation of immune systems which are involved in pathogenesis of obesity related IR and T2DM. Conclusion Metabolic dysregulation of adipose tissue leads to local hypoxia, misfolded/unfolded protein response and increased circulating free fatty acids, which in turn initiate inflammatory signaling cascades in the population of infiltrating cells. Mechanism that relates the role of adipocytokines with insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis might throw a light on the development of therapeutic interventions and subsequently might result in the reduction of vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umashree Yadav
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Nilesh Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Kumar Sarvottam
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
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Li X, Ren Y, Chang K, Wu W, Griffiths HR, Lu S, Gao D. Adipose tissue macrophages as potential targets for obesity and metabolic diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1153915. [PMID: 37153549 PMCID: PMC10154623 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1153915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue is a key pathological factor inducing adipose tissue dysfunction and contributing to obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic disorders. In this review, we aim to present the most recent research on macrophage heterogeneity in adipose tissue, with a focus on the molecular targets applied to macrophages as potential therapeutics for metabolic diseases. We begin by discussing the recruitment of macrophages and their roles in adipose tissue. While resident adipose tissue macrophages display an anti-inflammatory phenotype and promote the development of metabolically favorable beige adipose tissue, an increase in pro-inflammatory macrophages in adipose tissue has negative effects on adipose tissue function, including inhibition of adipogenesis, promotion of inflammation, insulin resistance, and fibrosis. Then, we presented the identities of the newly discovered adipose tissue macrophage subtypes (e.g. metabolically activated macrophages, CD9+ macrophages, lipid-associated macrophages, DARC+ macrophages, and MFehi macrophages), the majority of which are located in crown-like structures within adipose tissue during obesity. Finally, we discussed macrophage-targeting strategies to ameliorate obesity-related inflammation and metabolic abnormalities, with a focus on transcriptional factors such as PPARγ, KLF4, NFATc3, and HoxA5, which promote macrophage anti-inflammatory M2 polarization, as well as TLR4/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways that activate pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. In addition, a number of intracellular metabolic pathways closely associated with glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, nutrient sensing, and circadian clock regulation were examined. Understanding the complexities of macrophage plasticity and functionality may open up new avenues for the development of macrophage-based treatments for obesity and other metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirong Li
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Yakun Ren
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Kewei Chang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi’an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Wenlong Wu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Helen R. Griffiths
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Shemin Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi’an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Dan Gao
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi’an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Center, Xi’an, China
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9
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Nance SA, Muir L, Delproprosto J, Lumeng CN. MSR1 is not required for obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2651. [PMID: 36788340 PMCID: PMC9927046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29736-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity induces a chronic inflammatory state associated with changes in adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs). Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1) has been implicated in the regulation of adipose tissue inflammation and diabetes pathogenesis; however, reports have been mixed on the contribution of MSR1 in obesity and glucose intolerance. We observed increased MSR1 expression in VAT of obese diabetic individuals compared to non-diabetic and single nuclear RNA sequencing identified macrophage-specific expression of MSR1 in human adipose tissue. We examined male Msr1-/- (Msr1KO) and WT controls and observed protection from obesity and AT inflammation in non-littermate Msr1KO mice. We then evaluated obese littermate Msr1+/- (Msr1HET) and Msr1KO mice. Both Msr1KO mice and Msr1HET mice became obese and insulin resistant when compared to their normal chow diet counterparts, but there was no Msr1-dependent difference in body weight, glucose metabolism, or insulin resistance. Flow cytometry revealed no significant differences between genotypes in ATM subtypes or proliferation in male and female mice. We observed increased frequency of proliferating ATMs in obese female compared to male mice. Overall, we conclude that while MSR1 is a biomarker of diabetes status in human adipose tissue, in mice Msr1 is not required for obesity-associated insulin resistance or ATM accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra A Nance
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2057 BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2057 BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lindsey Muir
- Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer Delproprosto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2057 BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2057 BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2057 BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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10
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Redondo-Urzainqui A, Hernández-García E, Cook ECL, Iborra S. Dendritic cells in energy balance regulation. Immunol Lett 2023; 253:19-27. [PMID: 36586424 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Besides their well-known role in initiating adaptive immune responses, several groups have studied the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the context of chronic metabolic inflammation, such as in diet-induced obesity (DIO) or metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. DCs also have an important function in maintaining metabolic tissue homeostasis in steady-state conditions. In this review, we will briefly describe the different DC subsets, the murine models available to assess their function, and discuss the role of DCs in regulating energy balance and maintaining tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Redondo-Urzainqui
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Elena Hernández-García
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Emma Clare Laura Cook
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain.
| | - Salvador Iborra
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain.
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11
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Zhang YX, Ou MY, Yang ZH, Sun Y, Li QF, Zhou SB. Adipose tissue aging is regulated by an altered immune system. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125395. [PMID: 36875140 PMCID: PMC9981968 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a widely distributed organ that plays a critical role in age-related physiological dysfunctions as an important source of chronic sterile low-grade inflammation. Adipose tissue undergoes diverse changes during aging, including fat depot redistribution, brown and beige fat decrease, functional decline of adipose progenitor and stem cells, senescent cell accumulation, and immune cell dysregulation. Specifically, inflammaging is common in aged adipose tissue. Adipose tissue inflammaging reduces adipose plasticity and pathologically contributes to adipocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and ultimately, adipose tissue dysfunction. Adipose tissue inflammaging also contributes to age-related diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. There is an increased infiltration of immune cells into adipose tissue, and these infiltrating immune cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Several important molecular and signaling pathways mediate the process, including JAK/STAT, NFκB and JNK, etc. The roles of immune cells in aging adipose tissue are complex, and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. In this review, we summarize the consequences and causes of inflammaging in adipose tissue. We further outline the cellular/molecular mechanisms of adipose tissue inflammaging and propose potential therapeutic targets to alleviate age-related problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Yi Ou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Han Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Feng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang-Bai Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Kariagina A, Doseff AI. Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Dietary Flavones: Tapping into Nature to Control Chronic Inflammation in Obesity and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36555392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavones are natural phytochemicals broadly distributed in our diet. Their anti-inflammatory properties provide unique opportunities to control the innate immune system and inflammation. Here, we review the role of flavones in chronic inflammation with an emphasis on their impact on the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammatory diseases including obesity and cancer. Flavones can influence the innate immune cell repertoire restoring the immune landscape. Flavones impinge on NF-κB, STAT, COX-2, or NLRP3 inflammasome pathways reestablishing immune homeostasis. Devoid of adverse side effects, flavones could present alternative opportunities for the treatment and prevention of chronic inflammation that contributes to obesity and cancer.
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13
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Ludzki AC, Krueger EM, Gillen JB, Taylor NM, Middlebrook DO, Baldwin TC, Karabetsos KC, Schleh MW, Horowitz JF. One week of overeating upregulates angiogenic and lipolytic gene expression in human subcutaneous adipose tissue from exercise trained and untrained adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:992-1004. [PMID: 35816737 PMCID: PMC10127504 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Effective storage of excess energy in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue during periods of overeating may help attenuate weight-gain-related insulin resistance. The objective of this study was to assess changes in the expression of factors regulating abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue storage capacity in response to a brief exposure to overeating in nonobese adults. Because exercise can alter the expression of genes involved in regulating adipose tissue storage capacity, we compared the responses to overeating in regular exercisers (EX, n = 11) and nonexercisers (nonEX, n = 11). Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue samples and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed before and after participants ate 30% above their estimated daily energy requirements for 1 week. Both EX and nonEX gained ∼1 kg (P < 0.01), and Matsuda insulin sensitivity index was reduced ∼15% (P = 0.04) in both groups. Gene expression of factors involved in lipid metabolism (HSL, ATGL, DGAT, and PPARγ) and angiogenesis (HIF1α and KDR) were increased (P < 0.05), with no differences observed between EX and nonEX. In contrast, protein abundance of these factors did not change. The modest overeating stimulus did not increase markers of inflammation in the systemic circulation or adipose tissue. Overall, our findings indicate that a brief and modest overeating stimulus can impair insulin sensitivity and upregulate genes involved in abdominal adipose tissue storage capacity similarly in exercisers and nonexercisers. ClinicalTrials.gov ID#: NCT02701738.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C Ludzki
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emily M Krueger
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jenna B Gillen
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Natalie M Taylor
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Toree C Baldwin
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Michael W Schleh
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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14
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Cao S, Pan Y, Tang J, Terker AS, Arroyo Ornelas JP, Jin GN, Wang Y, Niu A, Fan X, Wang S, Harris RC, Zhang MZ. EGFR-mediated activation of adipose tissue macrophages promotes obesity and insulin resistance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4684. [PMID: 35948530 PMCID: PMC9365849 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-related health complications are increasing in prevalence. Adipose tissue from obese subjects has low-grade, chronic inflammation, leading to insulin resistance. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are a source of proinflammatory cytokines that further aggravate adipocyte dysfunction. In response to a high fat diet (HFD), ATM numbers initially increase by proliferation of resident macrophages, but subsequent increases also result from infiltration in response to chemotactic signals from inflamed adipose tissue. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms regulating the increases in ATMs and their proinflammatory phenotype, we investigated the role of activation of ATM epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). A high fat diet increased expression of EGFR and its ligand amphiregulin in ATMs. Selective deletion of EGFR in ATMs inhibited both resident ATM proliferation and monocyte infiltration into adipose tissue and decreased obesity and development of insulin resistance. Therefore, ATM EGFR activation plays an important role in adipose tissue dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Cao
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yu Pan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrew S Terker
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Arroyo Ornelas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Guan-Nan Jin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yinqiu Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Aolei Niu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Fan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Suwan Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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15
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Fu X, Almenglo C, Fernandez ÁL, Martínez-Cereijo JM, Iglesias-Alvarez D, Duran-Muñoz D, García-Caballero T, Gonzalez-Juanatey JR, Rodriguez-Mañero M, Eiras S. The Effect of Mineralocorticoid Receptor 3 Antagonists on Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Fatty Acid Transport Profile in Patients with Heart Failure. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081264. [PMID: 35455943 PMCID: PMC9027091 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epicardial fat thickness is associated with cardiovascular disease. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), a pharmaceutical treatment for CVD, was found to have an effect on adipose tissue. Our aim was to analyse the main epicardial fat genesis and inflammation-involved cell markers and their regulation by risk factors and MRA. We included blood and epicardial or subcutaneous fat (EAT or SAT) from 71 patients undergoing heart surgery and blood from 66 patients with heart failure. Cell types (transcripts or proteins) were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction or immunohistochemistry. Plasma proteins were analysed by Luminex technology or enzyme-linked immunoassay. Our results showed an upregulation of fatty acid transporter levels after aldosterone-induced genesis. The MRA intake was the main factor associated with lower levels in epicardial fat. On the contrary, MRA upregulated the levels and its secretion of the anti-inflammatory marker intelectin 1 and reduced the proliferation of epicardial fibroblasts. Our results have shown the local MRA intake effect on fatty acid transporters and anti-inflammatory marker levels and the proliferation rate on epicardial fat fibroblasts. They suggest the role of MRA on epicardial fat genesis and remodelling in patients with cardiovascular disease. Translational perspective: the knowledge of epicardial fat genesis and its modulation by drugs might be useful for improving the treatments of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Fu
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Cristina Almenglo
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.A.); (D.I.-A.); (J.R.G.-J.)
| | - Ángel Luis Fernandez
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.L.F.); (J.M.M.-C.); (D.D.-M.)
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Martínez-Cereijo
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.L.F.); (J.M.M.-C.); (D.D.-M.)
| | - Diego Iglesias-Alvarez
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.A.); (D.I.-A.); (J.R.G.-J.)
| | - Darío Duran-Muñoz
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.L.F.); (J.M.M.-C.); (D.D.-M.)
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás García-Caballero
- Morphological Sciences Department, Medicine Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela and Pathology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Jose Ramón Gonzalez-Juanatey
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.A.); (D.I.-A.); (J.R.G.-J.)
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Moises Rodriguez-Mañero
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-M.); (S.E.); Tel.: +34-616903275 (M.R.-M.); +34-981955074 (S.E.)
| | - Sonia Eiras
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-M.); (S.E.); Tel.: +34-616903275 (M.R.-M.); +34-981955074 (S.E.)
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16
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Muir LA, Cho KW, Geletka LM, Baker NA, Flesher CG, Ehlers AP, Kaciroti N, Lindsly S, Ronquist S, Rajapakse I, O'Rourke RW, Lumeng CN. Human CD206+ macrophages associate with diabetes and adipose tissue lymphoid clusters. JCI Insight 2022; 7:146563. [PMID: 34990410 PMCID: PMC8855803 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.146563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) correlate with metabolic dysfunction in humans and are causal in development of insulin resistance in mice. Recent bulk and single-cell transcriptomics studies reveal a wide spectrum of gene expression signatures possible for macrophages that depends on context, but the signatures of human ATM subtypes are not well defined in obesity and diabetes. We profiled 3 prominent ATM subtypes from human adipose tissue in obesity and determined their relationship to type 2 diabetes. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and s.c. adipose tissue (SAT) samples were collected from diabetic and nondiabetic obese participants to evaluate cellular content and gene expression. VAT CD206+CD11c- ATMs were increased in diabetic participants, were scavenger receptor-rich with low intracellular lipids, secreted proinflammatory cytokines, and diverged significantly from 2 CD11c+ ATM subtypes, which were lipid-laden, were lipid antigen presenting, and overlapped with monocyte signatures. Furthermore, diabetic VAT was enriched for CD206+CD11c- ATM and inflammatory signatures, scavenger receptors, and MHC II antigen presentation genes. VAT immunostaining found CD206+CD11c- ATMs concentrated in vascularized lymphoid clusters adjacent to CD206-CD11c+ ATMs, while CD206+CD11c+ were distributed between adipocytes. Our results show ATM subtype-specific profiles that uniquely contribute to the phenotypic variation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nicki A Baker
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carmen G Flesher
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anne P Ehlers
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Niko Kaciroti
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen Lindsly
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Scott Ronquist
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Indika Rajapakse
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Mathematics and.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Robert W O'Rourke
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics and.,Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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17
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Ludzki AC, Schleh MW, Krueger EM, Taylor NM, Ryan BJ, Baldwin TC, Gillen JB, Ahn C, Varshney P, Horowitz JF. Inflammation and metabolism gene sets in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue are altered 1 hour after exercise in adults with obesity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:1380-1389. [PMID: 34410849 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00943.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the health benefits of exercise in adults with obesity are well described, the direct effects of exercise on adipose tissue that may lead to improved metabolic health are poorly understood. The primary aims of this study were to perform an unbiased analysis of the subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue transcriptomic response to acute exercise in adults with obesity, and to compare the effects of moderate-intensity continuous exercise versus high-intensity interval exercise on this response. Twenty-nine adults with obesity performed a session of either high-intensity interval exercise (HI; 10 × 1 min at 90%HRpeak, 1 min recovery between intervals; n = 14) or moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MI; 45 min at 70%HRpeak; n = 15). Groups were well matched for BMI (HI 33 ± 3 vs. MI 33 ± 4 kg/m2), sex (HI: 9 women vs. MI: 10 women), and age (HI: 32 ± 6 vs. MI: 29 ± 5). Subcutaneous adipose tissue was collected before and 1 h after the session of HI or MI, and samples were processed for RNA sequencing. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed 7 of 21 gene sets enriched postexercise overlapped between HI and MI. Interestingly, both HI and MI upregulated gene sets involved in inflammation (IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling, allograft rejection, TNFα signaling via NFκB, and inflammatory response; FDR q value < 0.25). Exercise also downregulated adipogenic and oxidative metabolism gene sets in both groups. Overall, these data suggest genes involved in subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation may be an important part of the initial response after a session of exercise.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study compared the effects of a single session of high-intensity interval exercise versus moderate-intensity continuous exercise on transcriptional changes in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue collected from adults with obesity. Our novel findings indicate exercise upregulated inflammation-related gene sets, while it downregulated metabolism-related gene sets - after both high-intensity and moderate-intensity exercise. These data suggest exercise can alter the adipose tissue transcriptome 1 h after exercise in ways that may impact inflammation and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Ludzki
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - M W Schleh
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - E M Krueger
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - N M Taylor
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - B J Ryan
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - T C Baldwin
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - J B Gillen
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Ahn
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - P Varshney
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - J F Horowitz
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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18
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Varghese M, Song J, Singer K. Age and Sex: Impact on adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111563. [PMID: 34474078 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Age associated chronic inflammation is a major contributor to diseases with advancing age. Adipose tissue function is at the nexus of processes contributing to age-related metabolic disease and mediating longevity. Hormonal fluctuations in aging potentially regulate age-associated visceral adiposity and metabolic dysfunction. Visceral adiposity in aging is linked to aberrant adipogenesis, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity and altered adipokine secretion. Age-related inflammatory phenomena depict sex differences in macrophage polarization, changes in T and B cell numbers, and types of dendritic cells. Sex differences are also observed in adipose tissue remodeling and cellular senescence suggesting a role for sex steroid hormones in the regulation of the adipose tissue microenvironment. It is crucial to investigate sex differences in aging clinical outcomes to identify and better understand physiology in at-risk individuals. Early interventions aimed at targets involved in adipose tissue adipogenesis, remodeling and inflammation in aging could facilitate a profound impact on health span and overcome age-related functional decline.
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19
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Soedono S, Cho KW. Adipose Tissue Dendritic Cells: Critical Regulators of Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168666. [PMID: 34445379 PMCID: PMC8395475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation of the adipose tissue (AT) is a critical component of obesity-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Adipose tissue immune cells, including AT macrophages (ATMs), AT dendritic cells (ATDCs), and T cells, are dynamically regulated by obesity and participate in obesity-induced inflammation. Among AT resident immune cells, ATDCs are master immune regulators and engage in crosstalk with various immune cells to initiate and regulate immune responses. However, due to confounding markers and lack of animal models, their exact role and contribution to the initiation and maintenance of AT inflammation and insulin resistance have not been clearly elucidated. This paper reviews the current understanding of ATDCs and their role in obesity-induced AT inflammation. We also provide the potential mechanisms by which ATDCs regulate AT inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. Finally, this review offers perspectives on ways to better dissect the distinct functions and contributions of ATDCs to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shindy Soedono
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
| | - Kae Won Cho
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-413-5028
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20
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Kobayashi T, Lam PY, Jiang H, Bednarska K, Gloury R, Murigneux V, Tay J, Jacquelot N, Li R, Tuong ZK, Leggatt GR, Gandhi MK, Hill MM, Belz GT, Ngo S, Kallies A, Mattarollo SR. Increased lipid metabolism impairs NK cell function and mediates adaptation to the lymphoma environment. Blood 2020; 136:3004-17. [PMID: 32818230 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play critical roles in protection against hematological malignancies but can acquire a dysfunctional state, which limits antitumor immunity. However, the underlying reasons for this impaired NK cell function remain to be uncovered. We found that NK cells in aggressive B-cell lymphoma underwent substantial transcriptional reprogramming associated with increased lipid metabolism, including elevated expression of the transcriptional regulator peroxisome activator receptor-γ (PPAR-γ). Exposure to fatty acids in the lymphoma environment potently suppressed NK cell effector response and cellular metabolism. NK cells from both diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients and Eµ-myc B-cell lymphoma-bearing mice displayed reduced interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production. Activation of PPAR-γ partially restored mitochondrial membrane potential and IFN-γ production. Overall, our data indicate that increased lipid metabolism, while impairing their function, is a functional adaptation of NK cells to the fatty-acid rich lymphoma environment.
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21
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Latorre J, Lluch A, Ortega FJ, Gavaldà-Navarro A, Comas F, Morón-Ros S, Rodríguez A, Becerril S, Villarroya F, Frühbeck G, Ricart W, Giralt M, Fernández-Real JM, Moreno-Navarrete JM. Adipose tissue knockdown of lysozyme reduces local inflammation and improves adipogenesis in high-fat diet-fed mice. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105486. [PMID: 33556481 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic systemic low-level inflammation in metabolic disease is known to affect adipose tissue biology. Lysozyme (LYZ) is a major innate immune protein but its role in adipose tissue has not been investigated. Here, we aimed to investigate LYZ in human and rodents fat depots, and its possible role in obesity-associated adipose tissue dysfunction. LYZ mRNA and protein were identified to be highly expressed in adipose tissue from subjects with obesity and linked to systemic chronic-low grade inflammation, adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic disturbances, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and decreased markers of adipose tissue adipogenesis. These findings were confirmed in experimental models after a high-fat diet in mice and rats and also in ob/ob mice. Importantly, specific inguinal and perigonadal white adipose tissue lysozyme (Lyz2) gene knockdown in high-fat diet-fed mice resulted in improved adipose tissue inflammation in parallel to reduced lysozyme activity. Of note, Lyz2 gene knockdown restored adipogenesis and reduced weight gain in this model. In conclusion, altogether these observations point to lysozyme as a new actor in obesity-associated adipose tissue dysfunction. The therapeutic targeting of lysozyme production might contribute to improve adipose tissue metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jèssica Latorre
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain
| | - Aina Lluch
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Ortega
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain
| | - Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Comas
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain
| | - Samantha Morón-Ros
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Becerril
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Wifredo Ricart
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain
| | - Marta Giralt
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain; Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain; Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
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22
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Braune J, Lindhorst A, Fröba J, Hobusch C, Kovacs P, Blüher M, Eilers J, Bechmann I, Gericke M. Multinucleated Giant Cells in Adipose Tissue Are Specialized in Adipocyte Degradation. Diabetes 2021; 70:538-548. [PMID: 33158932 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation of visceral adipose tissue (AT) characterized by an increasing number of AT macrophages (ATMs) and linked to type 2 diabetes. AT inflammation is histologically indicated by the formation of so-called crown-like structures, as ATMs accumulate around dying adipocytes, and the occurrence of multinucleated giant cells (MGCs). However, to date, the function of MGCs in obesity is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize MGCs in AT and unravel the function of these cells. We demonstrated that MGCs occurred in obese patients and after 24 weeks of a high-fat diet in mice, accompanying signs of AT inflammation and then representing ∼3% of ATMs in mice. Mechanistically, we found evidence that adipocyte death triggered MGC formation. Most importantly, MGCs in obese AT had a higher capacity to phagocytize oversized particles, such as adipocytes, as shown by live imaging of AT, 45-µm bead uptake ex vivo, and higher lipid content in vivo. Finally, we showed that interleukin-4 treatment was sufficient to increase the number of MGCs in AT, whereas other factors may be more important for endogenous MGC formation in vivo. Most importantly, our data suggest that MGCs are specialized for clearance of dead adipocytes in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Braune
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Lindhorst
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janine Fröba
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Eilers
- Carl-Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Gericke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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23
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Bini S, D’Erasmo L, Di Costanzo A, Minicocci I, Pecce V, Arca M. The Interplay between Angiopoietin-Like Proteins and Adipose Tissue: Another Piece of the Relationship between Adiposopathy and Cardiometabolic Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020742. [PMID: 33451033 PMCID: PMC7828552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like proteins, namely ANGPTL3-4-8, are known as regulators of lipid metabolism. However, recent evidence points towards their involvement in the regulation of adipose tissue function. Alteration of adipose tissue functions (also called adiposopathy) is considered the main inducer of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its related complications. In this review, we intended to analyze available evidence derived from experimental and human investigations highlighting the contribution of ANGPTLs in the regulation of adipocyte metabolism, as well as their potential role in common cardiometabolic alterations associated with adiposopathy. We finally propose a model of ANGPTLs-based adipose tissue dysfunction, possibly linking abnormalities in the angiopoietins to the induction of adiposopathy and its related disorders.
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24
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Rodriguez-Ayala E, Gallegos-Cabrales EC, Gonzalez-Lopez L, Laviada-Molina HA, Salinas-Osornio RA, Nava-Gonzalez EJ, Leal-Berumen I, Escudero-Lourdes C, Escalante-Araiza F, Buenfil-Rello FA, Peschard VG, Laviada-Nagel A, Silva E, Veloz-Garza RA, Martinez-Hernandez A, Barajas-Olmos FM, Molina-Segui F, Gonzalez-Ramirez L, Espadas-Olivera R, Lopez-Muñoz R, Arjona-Villicaña RD, Hernandez-Escalante VM, Rodriguez-Arellano ME, Gaytan-Saucedo JF, Vaquera Z, Acebo-Martinez M, Cornejo-Barrera J, Jancy Andrea HQ, Castillo-Pineda JC, Murillo-Ramirez A, Diaz-Tena SP, Figueroa-Nuñez B, Valencia-Rendon ME, Garzon-Zamora R, Viveros-Paredes JM, Ángeles-Chimal J, Santa-Olalla Tapia J, Remes-Troche JM, Valdovinos-Chavez SB, Huerta-Avila EE, Lopez-Alvarenga JC, Comuzzie AG, Haack K, Han X, Orozco L, Weintraub S, Kent JW, Cole SA, Bastarrachea RA. Towards precision medicine: defining and characterizing adipose tissue dysfunction to identify early immunometabolic risk in symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. Adipocyte 2020; 9:153-169. [PMID: 32272872 PMCID: PMC7153654 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2020.1743116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes are early molecular factors influencing adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, resulting in high leptin, low adiponectin circulating levels and low-grade metaflammation, leading to insulin resistance (IR) with increased cardiovascular risk. We report the characterization of AT dysfunction through measurements of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR), the adipo-insulin resistance index (Adipo-IRi), fasting/postprandial (F/P) immunometabolic phenotyping and direct F/P differential gene expression in AT biopsies obtained from symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. AT dysfunction was evaluated through associations of the ALR with F/P insulin-glucose axis, lipid-lipoprotein metabolism, and inflammatory markers. A relevant pattern of negative associations between decreased ALR and markers of systemic low-grade metaflammation, HOMA, and postprandial cardiovascular risk hyperinsulinemic, triglyceride and GLP-1 curves was found. We also analysed their plasma non-coding microRNAs and shotgun lipidomics profiles finding trends that may reflect a pattern of adipose tissue dysfunction in the fed and fasted state. Direct gene differential expression data showed initial patterns of AT molecular signatures of key immunometabolic genes involved in AT expansion, angiogenic remodelling and immune cell migration. These data reinforce the central, early role of AT dysfunction at the molecular and systemic level in the pathogenesis of IR and immunometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Rodriguez-Ayala
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | | | - Laura Gonzalez-Lopez
- Dirección de Postgrado e Investigación, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan, México
| | | | - Rocio A. Salinas-Osornio
- Dirección de Postgrado e Investigación, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan, México
| | | | - Irene Leal-Berumen
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México
| | | | - Fabiola Escalante-Araiza
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | - Fatima A. Buenfil-Rello
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vanessa-Giselle Peschard
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | - Antonio Laviada-Nagel
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Eliud Silva
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | - Rosa A. Veloz-Garza
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - Angelica Martinez-Hernandez
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | - Francisco M. Barajas-Olmos
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Lopez-Muñoz
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | | | - Victor M. Hernandez-Escalante
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Janeth F. Gaytan-Saucedo
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zoila Vaquera
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Judith Cornejo-Barrera
- Departamento de Enseñanza, Postgrado e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de Tamaulipas, Ciudad, México
| | - Huertas-Quintero Jancy Andrea
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Sara P. Diaz-Tena
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Latina de América, Morelia, México
| | | | | | - Rafael Garzon-Zamora
- Dirección de Postgrado e Investigación, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan, México
| | | | - José Ángeles-Chimal
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - José M. Remes-Troche
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, México
| | | | - Eira E. Huerta-Avila
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | - Juan Carlos Lopez-Alvarenga
- School of Medicine & South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | | | - Karin Haack
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Department of Medicine, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | - Susan Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jack W. Kent
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shelley A. Cole
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Raul A. Bastarrachea
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
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25
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Girón-Ulloa A, González-Domínguez E, Klimek RS, Patiño-Martínez E, Vargas-Ayala G, Segovia-Gamboa NC, Campos-Peña V, Rodríguez-Arellano ME, Meraz-Ríos MA, Campos-Campos SF, Sánchez-Torres C. Specific macrophage subsets accumulate in human subcutaneous and omental fat depots during obesity. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:868-882. [PMID: 32696992 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) activation. ATMs from lean mice contribute to tissue homeostasis by their M2-oriented polarization, whereas obesity leads to an increase of M1 inflammatory ATMs that underlies obesity-related metabolic disorders. In humans, studies characterizing ATMs and their functional status are limited. Here we investigated ATM phenotype in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue from healthy lean and obese individuals using two molecules previously identified as markers of M1-like and M2-like/tissue-resident macrophages, the C-type lectin CLEC5A and the scavenger receptor CD163L1, respectively. CD163L1 was expressed by the majority of ATMs, and CD163L1+ ATM density was greater with respect to cells expressing the pan-macrophage markers CD68 or CD11b. ATM counts in SAT, but not in VAT, increased in obese compared to lean individuals, measured with the three markers. Accordingly, CD163L1, CD68 and ITGAM gene expression was significantly enhanced in obese with respect to control individuals only in SAT. CLEC5A+ ATMs had a proinflammatory profile and were abundant in the lean VAT, but their density diminished in obesity. The only ATM subset that increased its counts in the obese VAT had a mixed M1-like (CD11c+ CD163- CD209- ) and M2-like (CLEC5A- CD206+ ) phenotype. ATM expansion was dominated by a subset of M2-like macrophages (CD11c- CLEC5A- CD163+ CD206+ CD209+ ) in the obese SAT, with a minor contribution of a CD11c+ CLEC5A- ATM subpopulation. Thus, both SAT and VAT seems to limit inflammation during obesity by differentially altering their ATM subset composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Girón-Ulloa
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika González-Domínguez
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rebeca S Klimek
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Patiño-Martínez
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Germán Vargas-Ayala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Ticomán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma C Segovia-Gamboa
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Victoria Campos-Peña
- Experimental Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velazco Suárez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Marco A Meraz-Ríos
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Carmen Sánchez-Torres
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Mexico City, Mexico
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26
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Dahik VD, Frisdal E, Le Goff W. Rewiring of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity: Impact on Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155505. [PMID: 32752107 PMCID: PMC7432680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its two major comorbidities, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, represent worldwide health issues whose incidence is predicted to steadily rise in the coming years. Obesity is characterized by an accumulation of fat in metabolic tissues resulting in chronic inflammation. It is now largely accepted that adipose tissue inflammation underlies the etiology of these disorders. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) represent the most enriched immune fraction in hypertrophic, chronically inflamed adipose tissue, and these cells play a key role in diet-induced type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. ATMs are triggered by the continuous influx of dietary lipids, among other stimuli; however, how these lipids metabolically activate ATM depends on their nature, composition and localization. This review will discuss the fate and molecular programs elicited within obese ATMs by both exogenous and endogenous lipids, as they mediate the inflammatory response and promote or hamper the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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27
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Ludzki AC, Krueger EM, Baldwin TC, Schleh MW, Porsche CE, Ryan BJ, Muir LA, Singer K, Lumeng CN, Horowitz JF. Acute Aerobic Exercise Remodels the Adipose Tissue Progenitor Cell Phenotype in Obese Adults. Front Physiol 2020; 11:903. [PMID: 32848853 PMCID: PMC7399179 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue pathology in obese patients often features impaired adipogenesis, angiogenesis, and chronic low-grade inflammation, all of which are regulated in large part by adipose tissue stromal vascular cells [SVC; i.e., non-adipocyte cells within adipose tissue including preadipocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), and immune cells]. Exercise is known to increase subcutaneous adipose tissue lipolysis, but the impact of exercise on SVCs in adipose tissue has not been explored. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a session of exercise on preadipocyte, EC, macrophage, and T cell content in human subcutaneous adipose tissue. We collected abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue samples from 10 obese adults (BMI 33 ± 3 kg/m2, body fat 41 ± 7%) 12 h after a 60 min acute session of endurance exercise (80 ± 3%HRpeak) vs. no acute exercise session. SVCs were isolated by collagenase digestion and stained for flow cytometry. We found that acute exercise reduced preadipocyte content (38 ± 7 vs. 30 ± 13%SVC; p = 0.04). The reduction was driven by a decrease in CD34hi preadipocytes (18 ± 5 vs. 13 ± 6%SVC; p = 0.002), a subset of preadipocytes that generates high lipolytic rate adipocytes ex vivo. Acute exercise did not alter EC content. Acute exercise also did not change total immune cell, macrophage, or T cell content, and future work should assess the effects of exercise on subpopulations of these cells. We conclude that exercise may rapidly regulate the subcutaneous adipose tissue preadipocyte pool in ways that may help attenuate the high lipolytic rates that are commonly found in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C Ludzki
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Emily M Krueger
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Toree C Baldwin
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michael W Schleh
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Cara E Porsche
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Graduate Program in Immunology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Benjamin J Ryan
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lindsey A Muir
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kanakadurga Singer
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Graduate Program in Immunology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Graduate Program in Immunology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jeffrey F Horowitz
- Substrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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28
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Li Y, Yun K, Mu R. A review on the biology and properties of adipose tissue macrophages involved in adipose tissue physiological and pathophysiological processes. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:164. [PMID: 32646451 PMCID: PMC7350193 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity exhibits a correlation with metabolic inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress, promoting the progression of metabolic disease such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia and so on. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are central players in obesity-associated inflammation and metabolic diseases. Macrophages are involved in lipid and energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in adipocytes. Macrophage polarization is accompanied by metabolic shifting between glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Here, this review focuses on macrophage metabolism linked to functional phenotypes with an emphasis on macrophage polarization in adipose tissue physiological and pathophysiological processes. In particular, the interplay between ATMs and adipocytes in energy metabolism, glycolysis, OXPHOS, iron handing and even interactions with the nervous system have been reviewed. Overall, the understanding of protective and pathogenic roles of ATMs in adipose tissue can potentially provide strategies to prevent and treat obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Li
- The First Clinical Medicine Faculty, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ke Yun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Runqing Mu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Hillers-Ziemer LE, Arendt LM. Weighing the Risk: effects of Obesity on the Mammary Gland and Breast Cancer Risk. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2020; 25:115-131. [PMID: 32519090 PMCID: PMC7933979 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-020-09452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a preventable risk factor for breast cancer following menopause. Regardless of menopausal status, obese women who develop breast cancer have a worsened prognosis. Breast tissue is comprised of mammary epithelial cells organized into ducts and lobules and surrounded by adipose-rich connective tissue. Studies utilizing multiple in vivo models of obesity as well as human breast tissue have contributed to our understanding of how obesity alters mammary tissue. Localized changes in mammary epithelial cell populations, elevated secretion of adipokines and angiogenic mediators, inflammation within mammary adipose tissue, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix may result in an environment conducive to breast cancer growth. Despite these significant alterations caused by obesity within breast tissue, studies have suggested that some, but not all, obesity-induced changes may be mitigated with weight loss. Here, we review our current understanding regarding the impact of obesity on the breast microenvironment, how obesity-induced changes may contribute to breast tumor progression, and the impact of weight loss on the breast microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Hillers-Ziemer
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1525 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Lisa M Arendt
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1525 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) plays a central role in both metabolic health and pathophysiology. Its expansion in obesity results in increased mortality and morbidity, with contributions to cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, fatty liver disease, and cancer. Obesity prevalence is at an all-time high and is projected to be 50% in the United States by 2030. AT is home to a large variety of immune cells, which are critical to maintain normal tissue functions. For example, γδ T cells are fundamental for AT innervation and thermogenesis, and macrophages are required for recycling of lipids released by adipocytes. The expansion of visceral white AT promotes dysregulation of its immune cell composition and likely promotes low-grade chronic inflammation, which has been proposed to be the underlying cause for the complications of obesity. Interestingly, weight loss after obesity alters the AT immune compartment, which may account for the decreased risk of developing these complications. Recent technological advancements that allow molecular investigation on a single-cell level have led to the discovery of previously unappreciated heterogeneity in many organs and tissues. In this review, we will explore the heterogeneity of immune cells within the visceral white AT and their contributions to homeostasis and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Weinstock
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (A.W., K.J.M., E.A.F.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Hernandez Moura Silva
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute (H.M.S.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Kathryn J Moore
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (A.W., K.J.M., E.A.F.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine.,Department of Cell Biology (K.J.M., E.A.F.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine (A.M.S.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Edward A Fisher
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (A.W., K.J.M., E.A.F.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine.,Department of Cell Biology (K.J.M., E.A.F.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine
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Russo L, Muir L, Geletka L, Delproposto J, Baker N, Flesher C, O'Rourke R, Lumeng CN. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) as a promoter of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity and diabetes. Mol Metab 2020; 39:100983. [PMID: 32229247 PMCID: PMC7267735 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.100983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Expansion of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and metabolic inflammation are consequences of obesity and associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Metabolically activated adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) undergo qualitative and quantitative changes that influence their inflammatory responses. How these cells contribute to insulin resistance (IR) in humans is not well understood. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase (CH25H) converts cholesterol into 25-Hydroxycholesterol (25-HC), an oxysterol that modulates immune responses. Using human and murine models, we investigated the role of CH25H in metabolic inflammation. Methods We performed transcriptomic (RNASeq) analysis on the human whole AT biopsies and sorted ATMs from obese non-diabetic (NDM) and obese diabetic (DM) subjects to inquire if CH25H was increased in DM. We challenged mice lacking Ch25h with a high-fat diet (HFD) to characterize their metabolic and immunologic profiling. Ch25h KO mice and human adipose tissue biopsies from NDM and DM subjects were analyzed. LC-MS was conducted to measure 25-HC level in AT. In vitro analysis permitted us to investigate the effect of 25-HC on cytokine expression. Results In our RNASeq analysis of human visceral and subcutaneous biopsies, gene pathways related to inflammation were increased in obese DM vs. non-DM subjects that included CH25H. CH25H was enriched in the stromal vascular fraction of human adipose tissue and highly expressed in CD206+ human ATMs by flow cytometry analysis. We measured the levels of the oxysterols, 25-HC and 7α25diHC, in human visceral adipose tissue samples and showed a correlation between BMI and 25-HC. Using mouse models of diet-induced obesity (DIO), we found that HFD-induced Ch25h expression in eWAT and increased levels of 25-HC in AT. On HFD, Ch25h KO mice became obese but exhibited reduced plasma insulin levels, improved insulin action, and decreased ectopic lipid deposit. Improved insulin sensitivity in Ch25h KO mice was due to attenuation of CD11c+ adipose tissue macrophage infiltration in eWAT. Finally, by testing AT explants, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and SVF cells from Ch25h deficient mice, we observed that 25-HC is required for the expression of pro-inflammatory genes. 25-HC was also able to induce inflammatory genes in preadipocytes. Conclusions Our data suggest a critical role for CH25H/25-HC in the progression of meta-inflammation and insulin resistance in obese humans and mouse models of obesity. In response to obesogenic stimuli, CH25H/25-HC could exert a pro-inflammatory role. CH25H upregulation in visceral adipose tissue is associated with diabetes in humans. ATMs are the primary site of CH25H expression in humans and mice. DIO in mice activates Ch25h expression and 25-HC production in visceral adipose tissue. Obese Ch25h KO mice have improved insulin sensitivity due to attenuated adipose tissue inflammation. In response to inflammatory stimuli, Ch25h/25-HC potentiates myeloid activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Russo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lindsey Muir
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lynn Geletka
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer Delproposto
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nicki Baker
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Carmen Flesher
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Robert O'Rourke
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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Silva Meneguelli T, Viana Hinkelmann J, Hermsdorff HHM, Zulet MÁ, Martínez JA, Bressan J. Food consumption by degree of processing and cardiometabolic risk: a systematic review. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 71:678-692. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1725961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M. Ángeles Zulet
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research (CIN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Center of Biomedical Research in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research (CIN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Center of Biomedical Research in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies (IMDEA), IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Brazil
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Abstract
A critical contributor to the health consequences of the obesity epidemic is dysregulated adipose tissue (AT) homeostasis. While white, brown, and beige AT function is altered in obesity-related disease, white AT is marked by progressive inflammation and adipocyte dysfunction and has been the focus of extensive "immunometabolism" research in the past decade. The exact triggering events initiating and sustaining AT inflammation are still under study, but it has been shown that reducing inflammation improves insulin action in AT. Scientific efforts seeking interventions to mitigate obesity-associated AT inflammation continue, and many groups are now determining how lean healthy AT homeostasis is maintained in order to leverage these mechanisms as therapeutic targets. Such studies have revealed that an elaborate network of immune cells, cytokines, and other cellular mediators coordinate AT function. Recent studies elucidated the involvement of the innate immune system in AT homeostasis (e.g., beiging and insulin sensitivity), including M2-like macrophages, eosinophils, innate lymphoid type 2 cells, and several others. In this review, we summarize the existing literature on innate type 2 inflammation in AT; additionally, we draw attention to areas of debate where seemingly conflicting data promises to yield more surprising and elegant biology as studies continue to dissect AT physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Reid Bolus
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville TN 37232
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville TN 37232
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville TN 37212
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Wang N, Tan HY, Li S, Wang D, Xu Y, Zhang C, Xia W, Che CM, Feng Y. SBP2 deficiency in adipose tissue macrophages drives insulin resistance in obesity. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaav0198. [PMID: 31453320 PMCID: PMC6693917 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Proinflammatory activation and accumulation of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are associated with increased risk of insulin resistance in obesity. Here, we described the previously unidentified role of selenocysteine insertion sequence-binding protein 2 (SBP2) in maintaining insulin sensitivity in obesity. SBP2 was suppressed in ATMs of diet-induced obese mice and was correlated with adipose tissue inflammation. Loss of SBP2 initiated metabolic activation of ATMs, inducing intracellular reactive oxygen species content and inflammasome, which subsequently promoted IL-1β-associated local proliferation and infiltration of proinflammatory macrophages. ATM-specific knockdown of SBP2 in obese mice promoted insulin resistance by increasing fat tissue inflammation and expansion. Reexpression of SBP2 improved insulin sensitivity. Last, an herbal formula that specifically induced SBP2 expression in ATMs can experimentally improve insulin sensitivity. Clinical observation revealed that it improved hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes. This study identified SBP2 in ATMs as a potential target in rescuing insulin resistance in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. 00000, P.R. China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. 00000, P.R. China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. 00000, P.R. China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Science and State Engineering Laboratory of AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. 00000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. 00000, P.R. China
| | - Wen Xia
- Joint Research Center for National and Local Miao Drug, Anshun, Guizhou Province 561000, P.R. China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. 00000, P.R. China
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35
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Dalmas E. Role of innate immune cells in metabolism: from physiology to type 2 diabetes. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:531-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Yu T, Zhao L, Huang X, Xie B, Zhang J, Xuan D. Aberrant Periodontal and Systemic Immune Response of Overweight Rodents to Periodontal Infection. Biomed Res Int 2019; 2019:9042542. [PMID: 30719451 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9042542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore periodontal and systemic immune response of overweight hosts to periodontitis. Forty C57 BL/6J male mice were divided into high (HF) or low fat (LF) diet groups and fed with the two diets, respectively, for 8 weeks. Each diet group was then divided into periodontitis (P) or control (C) groups (n = 10 per group) for 10-day ligation or sham-ligation. Overweight-related parameters including body weight were measured. Alveolar bone loss (ABL) was morphometrically analyzed and periodontal osteoclasts were stained. Periodontal immune response including leukocyte and macrophage number and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed by histology and quantitative PCR. Serum cytokine and lipid levels were quantified using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and biochemistry. It was found that HF group had 14.4% body weight gain compared with LF group (P < 0.01). ABL and periodontal osteoclast, leukocyte, and macrophage number were higher in P group than C group regardless of diet (P < 0.05). ABL and periodontal osteoclast number were not affected by diet regardless of ligation or sham-ligation. Leukocyte and macrophage number and protein level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in periodontium and serum interleukin-6 level were downregulated by HF diet in periodontitis mice (P < 0.05). Periodontal protein level of TNF-α was highly correlated with serum interleukin-6 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P < 0.01). These findings indicated that impaired immune response occurs both periodontally and systemically in preobesity overweight individuals. Given a well-reported exacerbating effect of obesity on periodontitis, overweight, if let uncontrolled, might place the individuals at potential risk for future periodontal tissue damage.
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Varghese M, Griffin C, McKernan K, Eter L, Lanzetta N, Agarwal D, Abrishami S, Singer K. Sex Differences in Inflammatory Responses to Adipose Tissue Lipolysis in Diet-Induced Obesity. Endocrinology 2019; 160:293-312. [PMID: 30544158 PMCID: PMC6330175 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Males are known to have profound adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) accumulation in gonadal white adipose tissue (GWAT) during obesity, whereas females are protected from such an inflammatory response even with increased adiposity. The inflammatory tone in males is linked to insulin resistance and might be the underlying cause for sex differences in metabolic disease. Factors regulating the meta-inflammatory response remain unclear but enhanced lipid storage in females may explain the reduced inflammatory response to high-fat diets. In this study, we evaluated lean and obese females with stimulated lipolysis to understand whether a stress release of free fatty acids (FFAs) could induce female ATMs. We demonstrate that in both lean and obese females, GWAT CD11c- resident ATMs accumulate with β-3 adrenergic receptor-stimulated lipolysis. Lipolysis elevated serum FFA, triglyceride, and IL-6 levels in females that corresponded to significant phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose triglyceride lipase protein expression in obese female GWAT compared with males. Increased lipolytic response in obese females was associated with crown-like structures and induced Il6, Mcp1, Arg1, and Mgl1 expression in obese female GWAT, suggesting an environment of lipid clearance and adipose remodeling. With this finding we next investigated whether lipid storage and lipolytic mediators differed by sex. Diacylglycerol, ceramides, phospholipids, and certain fatty acid species associated with inflammation were elevated in male GWAT compared with obese female GWAT. Overall, our data demonstrate a role for GWAT lipid storage and lipolytic metabolites to induce inflammation in males and induce remodeling in females that might explain sex differences in overall metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mita Varghese
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cameron Griffin
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kaitlin McKernan
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Leila Eter
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nicholas Lanzetta
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Devyani Agarwal
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Simin Abrishami
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kanakadurga Singer
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Correspondence: Kanakadurga Singer, MD, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, D1205 MPB, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. E-mail:
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Khalyfa A, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Gozal D. Exosome and Macrophage Crosstalk in Sleep-Disordered Breathing-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113383. [PMID: 30380647 PMCID: PMC6274857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent worldwide public health problem that is characterized by repetitive upper airway collapse leading to intermittent hypoxia, pronounced negative intrathoracic pressures, and recurrent arousals resulting in sleep fragmentation. Obesity is a major risk factor of OSA and both of these two closely intertwined conditions result in increased sympathetic activity, oxidative stress, and chronic low-grade inflammation, which ultimately contribute, among other morbidities, to metabolic dysfunction, as reflected by visceral white adipose tissue (VWAT) insulin resistance (IR). Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are released by most cell types and their cargos vary greatly and reflect underlying changes in cellular homeostasis. Thus, exosomes can provide insights into how cells and systems cope with physiological perturbations by virtue of the identity and abundance of miRNAs, mRNAs, proteins, and lipids that are packaged in the EVs cargo, and are secreted from the cells into bodily fluids under normal as well as diseased states. Accordingly, exosomes represent a novel pathway via which a cohort of biomolecules can travel long distances and result in the modulation of gene expression in selected and targeted recipient cells. For example, exosomes secreted from macrophages play a critical role in innate immunity and also initiate the adaptive immune response within specific metabolic tissues such as VWAT. Under normal conditions, phagocyte-derived exosomes represent a large portion of circulating EVs in blood, and carry a protective signature against IR that is altered when secreting cells are exposed to altered physiological conditions such as those elicited by OSA, leading to emergence of IR within VWAT compartment. Consequently, increased understanding of exosome biogenesis and biology should lead to development of new diagnostic biomarker assays and personalized therapeutic approaches. Here, the evidence on the major biological functions of macrophages and exosomes as pathophysiological effectors of OSA-induced metabolic dysfunction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Sections of Pediatric Sleep Medicine and Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Leila Kheirandish-Gozal
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Low-grade systemic inflammation increases residual cardiovascular risk. The pathogenesis of low-grade systemic inflammation is not well understood. RECENT FINDINGS Visceral adipose tissue accumulates when the subcutaneous adipose tissue can no longer store excess nutrients. Visceral adipose tissue inflammation initially facilitates storage of nutrients but with time become maladaptive and responsible for low-grade systemic inflammation. Control of low-grade systemic inflammation requires reversal of visceral adipose tissue accumulation with intense and sustained aerobic exercise or bariatric surgery. Alternatively, pharmacologic inhibition of the inflammatory signaling pathway may be considered. Reversal visceral adipose tissue accumulation lowers residual cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry H Le Jemtel
- Division of Cardiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-48, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Rohan Samson
- Division of Cardiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-48, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Gregory Milligan
- Division of Cardiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-48, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Abhishek Jaiswal
- Department of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, 85 Jefferson Street, Suite 208, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
| | - Suzanne Oparil
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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40
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Fried SK. Adipose tissue's rapid response team. J Leukoc Biol 2018. [PMID: 29534319 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ce0118-006r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Fried
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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