1
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Yu T, Hu T, Na K, Zhang L, Lu S, Guo X. Glutamine-derived peptides: Current progress and future directions. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13386. [PMID: 38847753 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in the body, plays a critical role in preserving immune function, nitrogen balance, intestinal integrity, and resistance to infection. However, its limited solubility and instability present challenges for its use a functional nutrient. Consequently, there is a preference for utilizing glutamine-derived peptides as an alternative to achieve enhanced functionality. This article aims to review the applications of glutamine monomers in clinical, sports, and enteral nutrition. It compares the functional effectiveness of monomers and glutamine-derived peptides and provides a comprehensive assessment of glutamine-derived peptides in terms of their classification, preparation, mechanism of absorption, and biological activity. Furthermore, this study explores the potential integration of artificial intelligence (AI)-based peptidomics and synthetic biology in the de novo design and large-scale production of these peptides. The findings reveal that glutamine-derived peptides possess significant structure-related bioactivities, with the smaller molecular weight fraction serving as the primary active ingredient. These peptides possess the ability to promote intestinal homeostasis, exert hypotensive and hypoglycemic effects, and display antioxidant properties. However, our understanding of the structure-function relationships of glutamine-derived peptides remains largely exploratory at current stage. The combination of AI based peptidomics and synthetic biology presents an opportunity to explore the untapped resources of glutamine-derived peptides as functional food ingredients. Additionally, the utilization and bioavailability of these peptides can be enhanced through the use of delivery systems in vivo. This review serves as a valuable reference for future investigations of and developments in the discovery, functional validation, and biomanufacturing of glutamine-derived peptides in food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfei Yu
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Tianshuo Hu
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Kai Na
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
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2
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Pepanian A, Binbay FA, Pei D, Imhof D. Design, synthesis, and analysis of macrobicyclic peptides for targeting the Gαi protein. J Pept Sci 2024; 30:e3565. [PMID: 38232955 PMCID: PMC11065574 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Bicyclic peptides are important chemical tools that can function, for example, as bioactive ligands switching on/off signaling pathways mediated by guanine nucleotide-binding proteins as bicycles are more broadly applicable. Despite their relevance in medicinal chemistry, the synthesis of such peptides is challenging, and the final yield is highly dependent on the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of the scaffold. We recently discovered novel, state-specific peptide modulators targeting the Gαi protein, namely, GPM-2/GPM-3, by screening a one-bead-two-compound combinatorial library. A more detailed analysis, including sequence alignments and computer-assisted conformational studies based on the hit compounds, revealed the new peptide 10 as a potential macrobicyclic Gαi ligand sharing high sequence similarity to the known Gαi modulators. The Gαs protein was included in this study for comparison and to unravel the criteria for the specificity of modulator binding to Gαi versus Gαs. This work provides in-depth computer-assisted experimental studies for the analysis of novel macrobicyclic, library-derived Gαi protein ligands. The sequence and structural comparison of 10 with the lead compounds GPM-2 and GPM-3 reveals the importance of the size and amino acid composition of one ring of the bicyclic system and suggests features enhancing the binding affinity of the peptides to the Gαi protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pepanian
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - F. Ayberk Binbay
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dehua Pei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 578 Biological Sciences Building, 484 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Diana Imhof
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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3
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Chandole PK, Pawar TJ, Olivares-Romero JL, Tivari SR, Garcia Lara B, Patel H, Ahmad I, Delgado-Alvarado E, Kokate SV, Jadeja Y. Exploration of novel cationic amino acid-enriched short peptides: design, SPPS, biological evaluation and in silico study. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17710-17723. [PMID: 38832247 PMCID: PMC11145139 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08313f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a critical challenge worldwide, necessitating the pursuit of novel approaches to counteract bacterial and fungal pathogens. In this context, we explored the potential of cationic amino acid-enriched short peptides, synthesized via solid-phase methods, as innovative antimicrobial candidates. Our comprehensive evaluation assessed the antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of these peptides against a panel of significant pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger. Utilizing molecular docking techniques, we delved into the molecular interactions underpinning the peptides' action against these microorganisms. The results revealed a spectrum of inhibitory activities, with certain peptide sequences displaying pronounced effectiveness across various pathogens. These findings underscore the peptides' potential as promising antimicrobial agents, with molecular docking offering valuable insights into their mechanisms of action. This study enriches antimicrobial peptide (AMP) research by identifying promising candidates for further refinement and development toward therapeutic application, highlighting their significance in addressing the urgent issue of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tushar Janardan Pawar
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C. Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351 Xalapa 91073 Veracruz Mexico
| | - José Luis Olivares-Romero
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C. Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351 Xalapa 91073 Veracruz Mexico
| | - Sunil R Tivari
- Department of Chemistry, Marwadi University Rajkot-360003 Gujarat India
| | - Bianney Garcia Lara
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guanajuato Noria Alta S/N Guanajuato-36050 Guanajuato Mexico
| | - Harun Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Shirpur District Dhule-425405 Maharashtra India
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Shirpur District Dhule-425405 Maharashtra India
| | - Enrique Delgado-Alvarado
- Micro and Nanotechnology Research Center, Universidad Veracruzana Blvd. Av. Ruiz Cortines No. 455 Fracc. Costa Verde Boca del Río 94294 Mexico
| | - Siddhant V Kokate
- Department of Chemistry, S. S. C. College Junnar Pune-410502 Maharashtra India
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4
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Wang N, Mcneer NA, Eton E, Fass J, Kentsis A. Proteomic Barcoding Platform for Macromolecular Screening and Delivery. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38776430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Engineered macromolecules offer compelling means for the therapy of conventionally undruggable interactions in human disease. However, their efficacy is limited by barriers to tissue and intracellular delivery. Inspired by recent advances in molecular barcoding and evolution, we developed BarcodeBabel, a generalized method for the design of libraries of peptide barcodes suitable for high-throughput mass spectrometry proteomics. Combined with PeptideBabel, a Monte Carlo sampling algorithm for the design of peptides with evolvable physicochemical properties and sequence complexity, we developed a barcoded library of cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) with distinct physicochemical features. Using quantitative targeted mass spectrometry, we identified CPPS with improved nuclear and cytoplasmic delivery exceeding hundreds of millions of molecules per human cell while maintaining minimal membrane disruption and negligible toxicity in vitro. These studies provide a proof of concept for peptide barcoding as a homogeneous high-throughput method for macromolecular screening and delivery. BarcodeBabel and PeptideBabel are available open-source from https://github.com/kentsisresearchgroup/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Nicole A Mcneer
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Elliot Eton
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Josh Fass
- Tri-I PhD Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Alex Kentsis
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Tow Center for Developmental Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology, and Physiology & Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York 10065, United States
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5
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Feng RR, Wang M, Zhang W, Gai F. Unnatural Amino Acids for Biological Spectroscopy and Microscopy. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6501-6542. [PMID: 38722769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Due to advances in methods for site-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into proteins, a large number of UAAs with tailored chemical and/or physical properties have been developed and used in a wide array of biological applications. In particular, UAAs with specific spectroscopic characteristics can be used as external reporters to produce additional signals, hence increasing the information content obtainable in protein spectroscopic and/or imaging measurements. In this Review, we summarize the progress in the past two decades in the development of such UAAs and their applications in biological spectroscopy and microscopy, with a focus on UAAs that can be used as site-specific vibrational, fluorescence, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probes. Wherever applicable, we also discuss future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran-Ran Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Manxi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Feng Gai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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6
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Mukherjee S, Rogers A, Creech G, Hang C, Ramirez A, Dummeldinger M, Brueggemeier S, Mapelli C, Zaretsky S, Huang M, Black R, Peddicord MB, Cuniere N, Kempson J, Pawluczyk J, Allen M, Parsons R, Sfouggatakis C. Process Development of a Macrocyclic Peptide Inhibitor of PD-L1. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6651-6663. [PMID: 38663026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This article outlines the process development leading to the manufacture of 800 g of BMS-986189, a macrocyclic peptide active pharmaceutical ingredient. Multiple N-methylated unnatural amino acids posed challenges to manufacturing due to the lability of the peptide to cleavage during global side chain deprotection and precipitation steps. These issues were exacerbated upon scale-up, resulting in severe yield loss and necessitating careful impurity identification, understanding the root cause of impurity formation, and process optimization to deliver a scalable synthesis. A systematic study of macrocyclization with its dependence on concentration and pH is presented. In addition, a side chain protected peptide synthesis is discussed where the macrocyclic protected peptide is extremely labile to hydrolysis. A computational study explains the root cause of the increased lability of macrocyclic peptide over linear peptide to hydrolysis. A process solution involving the use of labile protecting groups is discussed. Overall, the article highlights the advancements achieved to enable scalable synthesis of an unusually labile macrocyclic peptide by solid-phase peptide synthesis. The sustainability metric indicates the final preparative chromatography drives a significant fraction of a high process mass intensity (PMI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Subha Mukherjee
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Amanda Rogers
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Gardner Creech
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Chao Hang
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Antonio Ramirez
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Michael Dummeldinger
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Shawn Brueggemeier
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Claudio Mapelli
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Serge Zaretsky
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Masano Huang
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Regina Black
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Michael B Peddicord
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Nicolas Cuniere
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - James Kempson
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Joseph Pawluczyk
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Martin Allen
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Rodney Parsons
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Chris Sfouggatakis
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
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7
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Tano-Menka R, Singh NK, Muzhingi I, Li X, Mandanas MV, Kaseke C, Crain CR, Zhang A, Ogunshola FJ, Vecchiarello L, Piechocka-Trocha A, Bashirova A, Birnbaum ME, Carrington M, Walker BD, Gaiha GD. Polymorphic residues in HLA-B that mediate HIV control distinctly modulate peptide interactions with both TCR and KIR molecules. Structure 2024:S0969-2126(24)00141-2. [PMID: 38733995 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Immunogenetic studies have shown that specific HLA-B residues (67, 70, 97, and 156) mediate the impact of HLA class I on HIV infection, but the molecular basis is not well understood. Here we evaluate the function of these residues within the protective HLA-B∗5701 allele. While mutation of Met67, Ser70, and Leu156 disrupt CD8+ T cell recognition, substitution of Val97 had no significant impact. Thermal denaturation of HLA-B∗5701-peptide complexes revealed that Met67 and Leu156 maintain HLA-peptide stability, while Ser70 and Leu156 facilitate T cell receptor (TCR) interactions. Analyses of existing structures and structural models suggested that Val97 mediates HLA-peptide binding to inhibitory KIR3DL1 molecules, which was confirmed by experimental assays. These data thereby demonstrate that the genetic basis by which host immunity impacts HIV outcomes occurs by modulating HLA-B-peptide stability and conformation for interaction with TCR and killer immunoglobulin receptor (KIR) molecules. Moreover, they indicate a key role for epitope specificity and HLA-KIR interactions to HIV control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhoda Tano-Menka
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nishant K Singh
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Itai Muzhingi
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; The First Affiliated School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Michael V Mandanas
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Clarety Kaseke
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Charles R Crain
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Angela Zhang
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Funsho J Ogunshola
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | | | - Alicja Piechocka-Trocha
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Arman Bashirova
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael E Birnbaum
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mary Carrington
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bruce D Walker
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Gaurav D Gaiha
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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8
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Sharma A, Singh LR. An insight into the pharmacology of cysteine/methionine containing peptide drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116456. [PMID: 38691890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Since last century, peptides have emerged as potential drugs with >90 FDA approvals for various targets with several in the pipeline. Sulphur, in peptides is present either as thiol (-SH) from Cys or thioether from Met. In this review, all the peptides approved by FDA since 2000 containing sulphur have been included. Among them ∼50 % contains disulphide bridges. This clearly demonstrates the significance of disulphide bonds in peptide drugs. This can be achieved synthetically by using orthogonal protecting groups (PGs) for -SH. These PGs are compatible with Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS), which is still the method of choice for peptide synthesis. The orthogonal PGs used for Cys thiol side chain protecting for disulphide bond formation have been included which are currently in use both by academia and industry from small scale to large scale synthesis. In addition, the details of the FDA approved drugs containing Cys and Met (or both) have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Sharma
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India; Chemical Science Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - L Ravithej Singh
- Chemical Science Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Fluoro-Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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9
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Pawar R, Tivari S, Panchani D, Makasana J. A stability-indicating method development and validation for the determination of related substances in novel synthetic decapeptide by HPLC. J Pept Sci 2024:e3610. [PMID: 38689387 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
In the present scenario, peptide is an emerging field of research having vast therapeutic applications. Diverse impurities may rise from various stages of the synthesis process and storage of the peptides. Because these contaminants may have an impact on the therapeutic safety and effectiveness of peptides in their approaching applications, they must be identified and carefully monitored. Considering the pharmaceutical importance of the extent of peptides, we were motivated to synthesize a decapeptide and establish a novel gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for its analysis along with efficient separation of its six related impurities. Different buffers, organic modifiers, and columns were used in the tests for good separation of these impurities. To establish a stability-indicating method, a stress study was also conducted. The International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines have been followed for validation of the developed analytical method. The validated method revealed sufficient accuracy, specificity, linearity, robustness, precision, and high sensitivity for its intended use. The proposed method could be appropriate for routine analysis and stability assessment of the decapeptide, which might be useful for further scientific investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pawar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Sunil Tivari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Divya Panchani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Jayanti Makasana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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10
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Cresti L, Cappello G, Pini A. Antimicrobial Peptides towards Clinical Application-A Long History to Be Concluded. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4870. [PMID: 38732089 PMCID: PMC11084544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are molecules with an amphipathic structure that enables them to interact with bacterial membranes. This interaction can lead to membrane crossing and disruption with pore formation, culminating in cell death. They are produced naturally in various organisms, including humans, animals, plants and microorganisms. In higher animals, they are part of the innate immune system, where they counteract infection by bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. AMPs can also be designed de novo by bioinformatic approaches or selected from combinatorial libraries, and then produced by chemical or recombinant procedures. Since their discovery, AMPs have aroused interest as potential antibiotics, although few have reached the market due to stability limits or toxicity. Here, we describe the development phase and a number of clinical trials of antimicrobial peptides. We also provide an update on AMPs in the pharmaceutical industry and an overall view of their therapeutic market. Modifications to peptide structures to improve stability in vivo and bioavailability are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cresti
- Medical Biotechnology Department, University of Siena, Via A Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Giovanni Cappello
- Medical Biotechnology Department, University of Siena, Via A Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Medical Biotechnology Department, University of Siena, Via A Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.C.); (A.P.)
- SetLance srl, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy
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11
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Li B, Ouyang X, Liu Y, Ba Z, Yang Y, Zhang J, Yang P, Yang T, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Mao W, Zhong C, Liu H, Zhang Y, Gou S, Ni J. Novel β-Hairpin Antimicrobial Peptide Containing the β-Turn Sequence of -NG- and the Tryptophan Zippers Facilitate Self-Assembly into Nanofibers, Exhibiting Excellent Antimicrobial Performance. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6365-6383. [PMID: 38436574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as promising agents to combat the antibiotic resistance crisis due to their rapid bactericidal activity and low propensity for drug resistance. However, AMPs face challenges in terms of balancing enhanced antimicrobial efficacy with increased toxicity during modification processes. In this study, de novo d-type β-hairpin AMPs are designed. The conformational transformation of self-assembling peptide W-4 in the environment of the bacterial membrane and the erythrocyte membrane affected its antibacterial activity and hemolytic activity and finally showed a high antibacterial effect and low toxicity. Furthermore, W-4 displays remarkable stability, minimal occurrence of drug resistance, and synergistic effects when combined with antibiotics. The in vivo studies confirm its high safety and potent wound-healing properties at the sites infected by bacteria. This study substantiates that nanostructured AMPs possess enhanced biocompatibility. These advances reveal the superiority of self-assembled AMPs and contribute to the development of nanoantibacterial materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xu Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zufang Ba
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yinyin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yuhuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Mao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Sanhu Gou
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Jingman Ni
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
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12
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Wang Y, Xue F, Cheng W, Zhao Q, Song N, Shi Z, Liu H, Li Y, Tang Q, Liu Q, Wang Y, Zhang F, Jiang X. Design and Synthesis of Novel Ultralong-Acting Peptides as EDP-EBP Interaction Inhibitors for Pulmonary Fibrosis Treatment. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6624-6637. [PMID: 38588467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The increased remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) generates bioactive ECM fragments called matricryptins, which include elastin-derived peptides (EDPs). The interaction between EDPs and their receptors, including elastin-binding protein (EBP), plays a crucial role in exacerbating fibrosis. Here, we present LXJ-02 for the first time, a novel ultralong-acting inhibitor that disrupts the EDPs/EBP peptide-protein interaction, promoting macrophages to secrete matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12), and showing great promise as a stable peptide. MMP-12 has traditionally been implicated in promoting inflammation and fibrosis in various acute and chronic diseases. However, we reveal a novel role of LXJ-02 that activates the macrophage-MMP-12 axis to increase MMP-12 expression and degrade ECM components like elastin. This leads to the preventing of PF while also improving EDP-EBP interaction. LXJ-02 effectively reverses PF in mouse models with minimal side effects, holding great promise as an excellent therapeutic agent for lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine & The First Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Fanghan Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Nazi Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zihan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Han Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Qinglin Tang
- Shenzhen Turier Biotech. Co. Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Shenzhen Turier Biotech. Co. Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine & The First Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Reproductive Medicine Transformation Application & Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xianxing Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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13
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Muslihati A, Septiani NLW, Gumilar G, Nugraha N, Wasisto HS, Yuliarto B. Peptide-Based Flavivirus Biosensors: From Cell Structure to Virological and Serological Detection Methods. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2041-2061. [PMID: 38526408 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
In tropical and developing countries, mosquito-borne diseases by flaviviruses pose a serious threat to public health. Early detection is critical for preventing their spread, but conventional methods are time-consuming and require skilled technicians. Biosensors have been developed to address this issue, but cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses remains a challenge. Peptides are essentially biomaterials used in diagnostics that allow virological and serological techniques to identify flavivirus selectively. This biomaterial originated as a small protein consisting of two to 50 amino acid chains. They offer flexibility in chemical modification and can be easily synthesized and applied to living cells in the engineering process. Peptides could potentially be developed as robust, low-cost, sensitive, and selective receptors for detecting flaviviruses. However, modification and selection of the receptor agents are crucial to determine the effectiveness of binding between the targets and the receptors. This paper addresses two potential peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) and affinity peptides that can detect flavivirus from another target-based biosensor as well as the potential peptide behaviors of flaviviruses. The PNAs detect flaviviruses based on the nucleotide base sequence of the target's virological profile via Watson-Crick base pairing, while the affinity peptides sense the epitope or immunological profile of the targets. Recent developments in the functionalization of peptides for flavivirus biosensors are explored in this Review by division into electrochemical, optical, and other detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atqiya Muslihati
- Doctoral Program of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Advanced Functional Material Laboratory, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 41032, Indonesia
- PT Biostark Analitika Inovasi, Bandung 40375, Indonesia
| | - Ni Luh Wulan Septiani
- Advanced Functional Material Laboratory, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 41032, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Systems, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek, South Tangerang 15134, Indonesia
| | - Gilang Gumilar
- Research Center for Electronics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bandung 40135, Indonesia
| | - Nugraha Nugraha
- Advanced Functional Material Laboratory, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 41032, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (RCNN), Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 41032, Indonesia
| | | | - Brian Yuliarto
- Advanced Functional Material Laboratory, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 41032, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (RCNN), Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 41032, Indonesia
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14
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Xu Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhang P. Recent Progress in Peptide-Based Molecular Probes for Disease Bioimaging. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2222-2242. [PMID: 38437161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Recent strides in molecular pathology have unveiled distinctive alterations at the molecular level throughout the onset and progression of diseases. Enhancing the in vivo visualization of these biomarkers is crucial for advancing disease classification, staging, and treatment strategies. Peptide-based molecular probes (PMPs) have emerged as versatile tools due to their exceptional ability to discern these molecular changes with unparalleled specificity and precision. In this Perspective, we first summarize the methodologies for crafting innovative functional peptides, emphasizing recent advancements in both peptide library technologies and computer-assisted peptide design approaches. Furthermore, we offer an overview of the latest advances in PMPs within the realm of biological imaging, showcasing their varied applications in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. We also briefly address current challenges and potential future directions in this dynamic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Junfan Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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15
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Ochiai H, Elouali S, Yamamoto T, Asai H, Noguchi M, Nishiuchi Y. Chemical and Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Peptide and Protein Therapeutics Conjugated with Human N-Glycans. ChemMedChem 2024:e202300692. [PMID: 38572578 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most ubiquitous post-translational modifications. It affects the structure and function of peptides/proteins and consequently has a significant impact on various biological events. However, the structural complexity and heterogeneity of glycopeptides/proteins caused by the diversity of glycan structures and glycosylation sites complicates the detailed elucidation of glycan function and hampers their clinical applications. To address these challenges, chemical and/or enzyme-assisted synthesis methods have been developed to realize glycopeptides/proteins with well-defined glycan morphologies. In particular, N-glycans are expected to be useful for improving the solubility, in vivo half-life and aggregation of bioactive peptides/proteins that have had limited clinical applications so far due to their short duration of action in the blood and unsuitable physicochemical properties. Chemical glycosylation performed in a post-synthetic procedure can be used to facilitate the development of glycopeptide/protein analogues or mimetics that are superior to the original molecules in terms of physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. N-glycans are used to modify targets because they are highly biodegradable and biocompatible and have structures that already exist in the human body. On the practical side, from a quality control perspective, close attention should be paid to their structural homogeneity when they are to be applied to pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Ochiai
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Sofia Elouali
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamamoto
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Asai
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Masato Noguchi
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishiuchi
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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16
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Pham TL, Thomas F. Design of Functional Globular β-Sheet Miniproteins. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300745. [PMID: 38275210 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The design of discrete β-sheet peptides is far less advanced than e. g. the design of α-helical peptides. The reputation of β-sheet peptides as being poorly soluble and aggregation-prone often hinders active design efforts. Here, we show that this reputation is unfounded. We demonstrate this by looking at the β-hairpin and WW domain. Their structure and folding have been extensively studied and they have long served as model systems to investigate protein folding and folding kinetics. The resulting fundamental understanding has led to the development of hyperstable β-sheet scaffolds that fold at temperatures of 100 °C or high concentrations of denaturants. These have been used to design functional miniproteins with protein or nucleic acid binding properties, in some cases with such success that medical applications are conceivable. The β-sheet scaffolds are not always completely rigid, but can be specifically designed to respond to changes in pH, redox potential or presence of metal ions. Some engineered β-sheet peptides also exhibit catalytic properties, although not comparable to those of natural proteins. Previous reviews have focused on the design of stably folded and non-aggregating β-sheet sequences. In our review, we now also address design strategies to obtain functional miniproteins from β-sheet folding motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc Lam Pham
- Truc Lam Pham, Prof. Dr. Franziska Thomas, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Thomas
- Truc Lam Pham, Prof. Dr. Franziska Thomas, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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17
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Mahto AK, Kanupriya, Kumari S, Yar MS, Dewangan RP. Hydrocarbon stapled temporin-L analogue as potential antibacterial and antiendotoxin agents with enhanced protease stability. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107239. [PMID: 38428282 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious global concern and a huge burden on the healthcare system. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered as a solution of AMR due to their membrane-lytic and intracellular mode of action and therefore resistance development against AMPs is less frequent. One such AMPs, temporin-L (TL) is a 13-mer peptide reported as a potent and broad-spectrum antibacterial agent with significant immunomodulatory activity. However, TL is toxic to human erythrocytes at their antibacterial concentrations and therefore various analogues were synthesized with potent antimicrobial activity and lower hemolytic activity. In this work, we have selected a non-toxic engineered analogue of TL (eTL) and performed hydrocarbon stapling of amino acid residues at i to i + 4 positions at different part of sequence. The synthesized peptides were investigated against both the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as methicillin resistant S. aureus, its MIC was measured in the concentrations range of 0.9-15.2 µM. All analogues were found equal or better antibacterial as compared to parent peptide. Interestingly one analogue eTL [5-9] was found to be non-cytotoxic and stable in presence of the human serum. Mode of action studies revealed membrane depolarizing and disruptive mode of action with live MRSA. Further in vivo studies of antimicrobial against MRSA infection and anti-endotoxin activities in mice model revealed potential activity of the stapled peptide analogue. Overall, this reports on stapled analogue of the AMPs highlights an important strategy for the development of new antibacterial therapeutics against AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar Mahto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard (Deemed to be University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Kanupriya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard (Deemed to be University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Shalini Kumari
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohammad Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard (Deemed to be University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Rikeshwer Prasad Dewangan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard (Deemed to be University), New Delhi 110062, India.
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18
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Kordi M, Talkhounche PG, Vahedi H, Farrokhi N, Tabarzad M. Heterologous Production of Antimicrobial Peptides: Notes to Consider. Protein J 2024; 43:129-158. [PMID: 38180586 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-023-10174-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Heavy and irresponsible use of antibiotics in the last century has put selection pressure on the microbes to evolve even faster and develop more resilient strains. In the confrontation with such sometimes called "superbugs", the search for new sources of biochemical antibiotics seems to have reached the limit. In the last two decades, bioactive antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are polypeptide chains with less than 100 amino acids, have attracted the attention of many in the control of microbial pathogens, more than the other types of antibiotics. AMPs are groups of components involved in the immune response of many living organisms, and have come to light as new frontiers in fighting with microbes. AMPs are generally produced in minute amounts within organisms; therefore, to address the market, they have to be either produced on a large scale through recombinant DNA technology or to be synthesized via chemical methods. Here, heterologous expression of AMPs within bacterial, fungal, yeast, plants, and insect cells, and points that need to be considered towards their industrialization will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Kordi
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnian Ghaedi Talkhounche
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helia Vahedi
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Farrokhi
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Tabarzad
- Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Noki S, de la Torre BG, Albericio F. Safety-Catch Linkers for Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. Molecules 2024; 29:1429. [PMID: 38611709 PMCID: PMC11012524 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) is the preferred strategy for synthesizing most peptides for research purposes and on a multi-kilogram scale. One key to the success of SPPS is the continual evolution and improvement of the original method proposed by Merrifield. Over the years, this approach has been enhanced with the introduction of new solid supports, protecting groups for amino acids, coupling reagents, and other tools. One of these improvements is the use of the so-called "safety-catch" linkers/resins. The linker is understood as the moiety that links the peptide to the solid support and protects the C-terminal carboxylic group. The "safety-catch" concept relies on linkers that are totally stable under the conditions needed for both α-amino and side-chain deprotection that, at the end of synthesis, can be made labile to one of those conditions by a simple chemical reaction (e.g., an alkylation). This unique characteristic enables the simultaneous use of two primary protecting strategies: tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) and fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc). Ultimately, at the end of synthesis, either acids (which are incompatible with Boc) or bases (which are incompatible with Fmoc) can be employed to cleave the peptide from the resin. This review focuses on the most significant "safety-catch" linkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikabwe Noki
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa;
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa;
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Heble AY, Chen CL. Access to Advanced Functional Materials through Postmodification of Biomimetic Assemblies via Click Chemistry. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1391-1407. [PMID: 38422548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and fabrication of functional nanomaterials with specific properties remain a long-standing goal for many scientific fields. The self-assembly of sequence-defined biomimetic synthetic polymers presents a fundamental strategy to explore the chemical space beyond biological systems to create advanced nanomaterials. Moreover, subsequent chemical modification of existing nanostructures is a unique approach for accessing increasingly complex nanostructures and introducing functionalities. Of these modifications, covalent conjugation chemistries, such as the click reactions, have been the cornerstone for chemists and materials scientists. Herein, we highlight some recent advances that have successfully employed click chemistries for the postmodification of assembled one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures to achieve applications in molecular recognition, mineralization, and optoelectronics. Specifically, biomimetic nanomaterials assembled from sequence-defined macromolecules such as peptides and peptoids are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Y Heble
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Chun-Long Chen
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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21
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Heath SL, Guseman AJ, Gronenborn AM, Horne WS. Probing effects of site-specific aspartic acid isomerization on structure and stability of GB1 through chemical protein synthesis. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4883. [PMID: 38143426 PMCID: PMC10868458 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Chemical modifications of long-lived proteins, such as isomerization and epimerization, have been evoked as prime triggers for protein-damage related diseases. Deamidation of Asn residues, which results in formation of a mixture of l- and d-Asp and isoAsp via an intermediate aspartyl succinimide, can result in the disruption of cellular proteostasis and toxic protein depositions. In contrast to extensive data on the biological prevalence and functional implications of aspartyl succinimide formation, much less is known about the impact of the resulting altered backbone composition on properties of individual proteins at a molecular level. Here, we report the total chemical synthesis, biophysical characterization, and NMR structural analysis of a series of variants of the B1 domain of protein G from Streptococcal bacteria (GB1) in which all possible Asp isomers as well as an aspartyl succinimide were individually incorporated at a defined position in a solvent-exposed loop. Subtle local structural effects were observed; however, these were accompanied by notable differences in thermodynamic folded stability. Surprisingly, the noncanonical backbone connectivity of d-isoAsp led to a variant that exhibited enhanced stability relative to the natural protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L. Heath
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Alex J. Guseman
- Department of Structural BiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Angela M. Gronenborn
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Structural BiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - W. Seth Horne
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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22
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Hua X, Yao J, Liu X, Liu Q, Deng Y, Li S, Valdivia CR, Wang F, Pozzolini M, Shou Z, Valdivia HH, Xiao L. Comparison of the structure-function of five newly members of the calcin family. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129424. [PMID: 38219929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Calcins are a group of scorpion toxin peptides specifically binding to ryanodine receptors (RyRs) with high affinity, and have the ability to activate and stabilize RyR in a long-lasting subconductance state. Five newly calcins synthesized compounds exhibit typical structural characteristics of a specific family through chemical synthesis and virtual analysis. As the calcins from the same species, Petersiicalcin1 and Petersiicalcin2, Jendekicalcin2 and Jendekicalcin3, have only one residue difference. Both Petersiicalcin1 and Petersiicalcin2 exhibited different affinities in stimulating [3H]ryanodine binding, but the residue mutation resulted in a 2.7 folds difference. Other calcins also exhibited a stimulatory effect on [3H]ryanodine binding to RyR1, however, their affinities were significantly lower than that of Petersiiicalcin1 and Petersiiicalcin2. The channel domain of RyR1 was found to be capable of binding with the basic residues of these calcins, which also exhibited interactions with the S6 helices on RyR1. Dynamic simulations were conducted for Petersiicalcin1 and Petersiicalcin2, which demonstrated their ability to form a highly stable conformation and resulting in an asymmetric tetramer structure of RyR1. The discovery of five newly calcins further enriches the diversity of the natural calcin family, which provides more native peptides for the structure-function analysis between calcin and RyRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hua
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinchi Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China; School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Yuchen Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Songhua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Carmen R Valdivia
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Marina Pozzolini
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Via Pastore 3, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | - Zhaoyong Shou
- Faculty of Health Service, Nacal Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Héctor H Valdivia
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Liang Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China.
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Lee ALZ, Balakrishnan N, Ng JY, Liu S, Ong ZY, Wang Y, Gao S, Yang YY. Injectable Hydrogels Prepared Using Novel Synthetic Short Peptides with Defined Structure and Gelatin as Scaffolds to Support Cell and Tissue Growth. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302786. [PMID: 37837308 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Animal-derived basement-membrane matrices such as Geltrex are used to grow cells and tissues. Particularly, these are commonly applied to support tumor growth in animals for cancer research. However, a material derived from an animal source has an undefined composition, and may thus have unavoidable batch-to-batch variation in properties. To overcome these issues, a series of synthetic short peptides to form hydrogels is designed in combination with gelatin to promote cell adhesion and growth. The peptides have sequences of (X1Y1X2Y2)2 , where X1 and X2 are hydrophobic residues, while Y1 and Y2 are hydrophilic residues. The peptides spontaneously fold and self-assemble into a β-sheet secondary structure upon contact with salts, and then aggregate to form hydrophilic networks of hydrogels. Hybrid hydrogels formed by mixing the peptide IEVEIRVK (IVK8) with gelatin are injectable and enzymatically degradable. The hybrid hydrogels at optimal compositions support SW480 and HepG2 tumor spheroid growth in vitro as effectively as Geltrex. More importantly, the peptide/gelatin hydrogels support tumor growth in a SW480 human colorectal adenocarcinoma xenograft mouse model. Altogether, the results illustrate that the synthetic peptide/gelatin hybrid hydrogel is a promising scaffold that can be used to support cell and tissue growth both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlynn Ling Zhi Lee
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Nithiyaa Balakrishnan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros #06-01, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Jian Yao Ng
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros #06-01, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Shaoqiong Liu
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Zhan Yuin Ong
- School of Physics and Astronomy, St. James's University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St. James's University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Yanming Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Shujun Gao
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros #06-01, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
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24
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Li W, Jacobsen MT, Park C, Jung JU, Lin NP, Huang PS, Lal RA, Chou DHC. A cysteine-specific solubilizing tag strategy enables efficient chemical protein synthesis of difficult targets. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3214-3222. [PMID: 38425513 PMCID: PMC10901488 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
We developed a new cysteine-specific solubilizing tag strategy via a cysteine-conjugated succinimide. This solubilizing tag remains stable under common native chemical ligation conditions and can be efficiently removed with palladium-based catalysts. Utilizing this approach, we synthesized two proteins containing notably difficult peptide segments: interleukin-2 (IL-2) and insulin. This IL-2 chemical synthesis represents the simplest and most efficient approach to date, which is enabled by the cysteine-specific solubilizing tag to synthesize and ligate long peptide segments. Additionally, we synthesized a T8P insulin variant, previously identified in an infant with neonatal diabetes. We show that T8P insulin exhibits reduced bioactivity (a 30-fold decrease compared to standard insulin), potentially contributing to the onset of diabetes in these patients. In summary, our work provides an efficient tool to synthesize challenging proteins and opens new avenues for exploring research directions in understanding their biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Li
- División of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 USA
| | - Michael T Jacobsen
- División of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 USA
| | - Claire Park
- División of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 USA
| | - Jae Un Jung
- División of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 USA
| | - Nai-Pin Lin
- División of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 USA
| | - Po-Ssu Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 USA
| | - Rayhan A Lal
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 USA
| | - Danny Hung-Chieh Chou
- División of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 USA
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25
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He J, Ghosh P, Nitsche C. Biocompatible strategies for peptide macrocyclisation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2300-2322. [PMID: 38362412 PMCID: PMC10866349 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05738k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Peptides are increasingly important drug candidates, offering numerous advantages over conventional small molecules. However, they face significant challenges related to stability, cellular uptake and overall bioavailability. While individual modifications may not address all these challenges, macrocyclisation stands out as a single modification capable of enhancing affinity, selectivity, proteolytic stability and membrane permeability. The recent successes of in situ peptide modifications during screening in combination with genetically encoded peptide libraries have increased the demand for peptide macrocyclisation reactions that can occur under biocompatible conditions. In this perspective, we aim to distinguish biocompatible conditions from those well-known examples that are fully bioorthogonal. We introduce key strategies for biocompatible peptide macrocyclisation and contextualise them within contemporary screening methods, providing an overview of available transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming He
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Pritha Ghosh
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Christoph Nitsche
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
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26
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Truong HP, Saleh OA. Magnetic tweezers characterization of the entropic elasticity of intrinsically disordered proteins and peptoids. Methods Enzymol 2024; 694:209-236. [PMID: 38492952 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the conformational behavior of biopolymers is essential to unlocking knowledge of their biophysical mechanisms and functional roles. Single-molecule force spectroscopy can provide a unique perspective on this by exploiting entropic elasticity to uncover key biopolymer structural parameters. A particularly powerful approach involves the use of magnetic tweezers, which can easily generate lower stretching forces (0.1-20 pN). For forces at the low end of this range, the elastic response of biopolymers is sensitive to excluded volume effects, and they can be described by Pincus blob elasticity model that allow robust extraction of the Flory polymer scaling exponent. Here, we detail protocols for the use of magnetic tweezers for force-extension measurements of intrinsically disordered proteins and peptoids. We also discuss procedures for fitting low-force elastic curves to the predictions of polymer physics models to extract key conformational parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang P Truong
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Omar A Saleh
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Biomolecular Sciences and Engineering Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Physics Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States.
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27
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Dillemans L, Yu K, De Zutter A, Noppen S, Gouwy M, Berghmans N, Verhallen L, De Bondt M, Vanbrabant L, Brusselmans S, Martens E, Schols D, Verschueren P, Rosenkilde MM, Marques PE, Struyf S, Proost P. Natural carboxyterminal truncation of human CXCL10 attenuates glycosaminoglycan binding, CXCR3A signaling and lymphocyte chemotaxis, while retaining angiostatic activity. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:94. [PMID: 38308278 PMCID: PMC10835923 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-γ-inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP-10/CXCL10) is a dual-function CXC chemokine that coordinates chemotaxis of activated T cells and natural killer (NK) cells via interaction with its G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3). As a consequence of natural posttranslational modifications, human CXCL10 exhibits a high degree of structural and functional heterogeneity. However, the biological effect of natural posttranslational processing of CXCL10 at the carboxy (C)-terminus has remained partially elusive. We studied CXCL10(1-73), lacking the four endmost C-terminal amino acids, which was previously identified in supernatant of cultured human fibroblasts and keratinocytes. METHODS Relative levels of CXCL10(1-73) and intact CXCL10(1-77) were determined in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through tandem mass spectrometry. The production of CXCL10(1-73) was optimized through Fmoc-based solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and a strategy to efficiently generate human CXCL10 proteoforms was introduced. CXCL10(1-73) was compared to intact CXCL10(1-77) using surface plasmon resonance for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding affinity, assays for cell migration, second messenger signaling downstream of CXCR3, and flow cytometry of CHO cells and primary human T lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Leukocyte recruitment in vivo upon intraperitoneal injection of CXCL10(1-73) was also evaluated. RESULTS Natural CXCL10(1-73) was more abundantly present compared to intact CXCL10(1-77) in synovial fluids of patients with RA. CXCL10(1-73) had diminished affinity for GAG including heparin, heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate A. Moreover, CXCL10(1-73) exhibited an attenuated capacity to induce CXCR3A-mediated signaling, as evidenced in calcium mobilization assays and through quantification of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) and protein kinase B/Akt. Furthermore, CXCL10(1-73) incited significantly less primary human T lymphocyte chemotaxis in vitro and peritoneal ingress of CXCR3+ T lymphocytes in mice. In contrast, loss of the four endmost C-terminal residues did not affect the inhibitory properties of CXCL10 on migration, proliferation, wound closure, phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and sprouting of human microvascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSION Our study shows that the C-terminal residues Lys74-Pro77 of CXCL10 are important for GAG binding, signaling through CXCR3A, T lymphocyte chemotaxis, but dispensable for angiostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Dillemans
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexandra De Zutter
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1042, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Gouwy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Berghmans
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa Verhallen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mirre De Bondt
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lotte Vanbrabant
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stef Brusselmans
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik Martens
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1042, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Verschueren
- Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pedro Elias Marques
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Struyf
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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28
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Reyes C, Patarroyo MA. Self-assembling peptides: Perspectives regarding biotechnological applications and vaccine development. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:128944. [PMID: 38145690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly involves a set of molecules spontaneously interacting in a highly coordinated and dynamic manner to form a specific supramolecular structure having new and clearly defined properties. Many examples of this occur in nature and many more came from research laboratories, with their number increasing every day via ongoing research concerning complex biomolecules and the possibility of harnessing it when developing new applications. As a phenomenon, self-assembly has been described on very different types of molecules (biomolecules including), so this review focuses on what is known about peptide self-assembly, its origins, the forces behind it, how the properties of the resulting material can be tuned in relation to experimental considerations, some biotechnological applications (in which the main protagonists are peptide sequences capable of self-assembly) and what is yet to be tuned regarding their research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Reyes
- PhD Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, Bogotá DC 111321, Colombia; Structure Analysis Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá DC 111321, Colombia; Animal Science Faculty, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A.), Calle 222#55-37, Bogotá DC 111166, Colombia
| | - Manuel A Patarroyo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá DC 111321, Colombia; Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, Bogotá DC 111321, Colombia.
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29
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Fan M, Zhou Z, Zhu W, Li M, Tu Y, Yu Z, Li J, Zhang M, Liang K. Reinforced dentin remineralization via a novel dual-affinity peptide. Dent Mater 2024; 40:254-266. [PMID: 37989605 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In light of the constantly flowing saliva, anti-caries remineralization agents are inclined to be taken away. Owing to their limited residence time, the remineralization effect is not as desirable as expected. Hence, our study aimed to synthesize a novel peptide (DGP) with high affinity to both collagen fibrils and hydroxyapatite, and investigated its dentin remineralization efficacy in vitro and anti-caries capability in vivo. METHODS DGP was synthesized through Fmoc solid-phase reaction. The binding ability and interaction mechanism of DGP to demineralized dentin were investigated. Dentin specimens were demineralized, then treated with DGP and deionized water respectively. The specimens were incubated in artificial saliva and in-vitro remineralization effectiveness was analyzed after 14 days. The rat caries model was established to further scrutinize the in-vivo efficacy of caries prevention. RESULTS DGP possesses an enhanced adhesion force of 12.29 ± 1.12 nN to demineralized dentin. The favorable adsorption capacity is ascribed to the stable hydrogen bonds between S2P-101 and ASP-100 of DGP and GLY33 and PRO-16 of collagen fibers. Abundant mineral deposits and remarkable tubule occlusion were observed in the DGP group. DGP-treated dentin obtained notable microhardness recovery and higher mineral content after a 14-day remineralization regimen. DGP also demonstrated potent caries prevention in vivo, with substantially fewer carious lesions and significantly lower Keyes scoring. SIGNIFICANCE DGP proves to possess a high affinity to demineralized dentin regardless of saliva flowing, thus enhancing remineralization potency significantly in vitro and in vivo, potential for dental caries prevention and combatting initial dentin caries clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zilin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wanchun Zhu
- Chongqing Medical University Stomatology College, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhaohan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Kunneng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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30
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Mthembu SN, Chakraborty A, Schönleber R, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. Morpholine, a strong contender for Fmoc removal in solid-phase peptide synthesis. J Pept Sci 2024; 30:e3538. [PMID: 37609959 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Morpholine, which scores 7.5 in terms of greenness and is not a regulated substance, could be considered a strong contender for Fmoc removal in solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). Morpholine in dimethylformamide (DMF) (50%-60%) efficiently removes Fmoc in SPPS, minimizes the formation of diketopiperazine, and almost avoids the aspartimide formation. As a proof of concept, somatostatin has been synthesized using 50% morpholine in DMF with the same purity as when using 20% piperidine-DMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla N Mthembu
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Amit Chakraborty
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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31
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Barbieri E, Mollica GN, Moore BD, Sripada SA, Shastry S, Kilgore RE, Loudermilk CM, Whitacre ZH, Kilgour KM, Wuestenhagen E, Aldinger A, Graalfs H, Rammo O, Schulte MM, Johnson TF, Daniele MA, Menegatti S. Peptide ligands targeting the vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV-G) protein for the affinity purification of lentivirus particles. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:618-639. [PMID: 37947118 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The recent uptick in the approval of ex vivo cell therapies highlights the relevance of lentivirus (LV) as an enabling viral vector of modern medicine. As labile biologics, however, LVs pose critical challenges to industrial biomanufacturing. In particular, LV purification-currently reliant on filtration and anion-exchange or size-exclusion chromatography-suffers from long process times and low yield of transducing particles, which translate into high waiting time and cost to patients. Seeking to improve LV downstream processing, this study introduces peptides targeting the enveloped protein Vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV-G) to serve as affinity ligands for the chromatographic purification of LV particles. An ensemble of candidate ligands was initially discovered by implementing a dual-fluorescence screening technology and a targeted in silico approach designed to identify sequences with high selectivity and tunable affinity. The selected peptides were conjugated on Poros resin and their LV binding-and-release performance was optimized by adjusting the flow rate, composition, and pH of the chromatographic buffers. Ligands GKEAAFAA and SRAFVGDADRD were selected for their high product yield (50%-60% of viral genomes; 40%-50% of HT1080 cell-transducing particles) upon elution in PIPES buffer with 0.65 M NaCl at pH 7.4. The peptide-based adsorbents also presented remarkable values of binding capacity (up to 3·109 TU per mL of resin, or 5·1011 vp per mL of resin, at the residence time of 1 min) and clearance of host cell proteins (up to a 220-fold reduction of HEK293 HCPs). Additionally, GKEAAFAA demonstrated high resistance to caustic cleaning-in-place (0.5 M NaOH, 30 min) with no observable loss in product yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Barbieri
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gina N Mollica
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brandyn D Moore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sobhana A Sripada
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shriarjun Shastry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ryan E Kilgore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Casee M Loudermilk
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zachary H Whitacre
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katie M Kilgour
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas F Johnson
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael A Daniele
- North Carolina Viral Vector Initiative in Research and Learning (NC-VVIRAL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- North Carolina Viral Vector Initiative in Research and Learning (NC-VVIRAL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- LigaTrap Technologies LLC, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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32
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Fedorczyk B, Redkiewicz P, Matalińska J, Piast R, Kosson P, Wieczorek R. Chirality and Rigidity in Triazole-Modified Peptidomimetics Interacting with Neuropilin-1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:190. [PMID: 38399405 PMCID: PMC10891769 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction of Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been shown to promote angiogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions. Angiogenesis around tumors is a major factor allowing for their growth and spread. Disrupting NRP-1/VEGF complex formation is thus a promising pathway for the development of new anticancer pharmaceuticals. A large body of work has been produced in the last two decades detailing the development of inhibitors of NRP-1/VEGF complex formation. Among those were peptide A7R and its smaller derivatives KXXR and K(Har)XXR. It has been previously reported that replacement of the XX backbone with triazole residues has a positive effect on the proteolytic stability of inhibitors. It has also been reported that a higher dihedral angle range restriction of the XX backbone has a positive effect on the activity of inhibitors. In this work, we have designed new triazole derivatives of K(Har)XXR inhibitors with substitution allowing for higher range restriction of the XX backbone. The obtained peptidomimetics have greater activity than their less restricted counterparts. One of the newly obtained structures has greater affinity than the reference peptide A7R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Fedorczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (B.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Patrycja Redkiewicz
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Science, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.R.); (J.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Joanna Matalińska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Science, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.R.); (J.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Radosław Piast
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (B.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Piotr Kosson
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Science, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.R.); (J.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Rafał Wieczorek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (B.F.); (R.P.)
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33
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Jitaru SC, Enache AC, Cojocaru C, Drochioiu G, Petre BA, Gradinaru VR. Self-Assembly of a Novel Pentapeptide into Hydrogelated Dendritic Architecture: Synthesis, Properties, Molecular Docking and Prospective Applications. Gels 2024; 10:86. [PMID: 38391416 PMCID: PMC10887771 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, ultrashort oligopeptides consisting of fewer than eight amino acids represent a cutting-edge frontier in materials science, particularly in the realm of hydrogel formation. By employing solid-phase synthesis with the Fmoc/tBu approach, a novel pentapeptide, FEYNF-NH2, was designed, inspired by a previously studied sequence chosen from hen egg-white lysozyme (FESNF-NH2). Qualitative peptide analysis was based on reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), while further purification was accomplished using solid-phase extraction (SPE). Exact molecular ion confirmation was achieved by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS) using two different matrices (HCCA and DHB). Additionally, the molecular ion of interest was subjected to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) employing collision-induced dissociation (CID) to confirm the synthesized peptide structure. A combination of research techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence analysis, transmission electron microscopy, polarized light microscopy, and Congo red staining assay, were carefully employed to glean valuable insights into the self-assembly phenomena and gelation process of the modified FEYNF-NH2 peptide. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations were conducted to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pentapeptide's supramolecular assembly formation and intermolecular interactions. Our study provides potential insights into amyloid research and proposes a novel peptide for advancements in materials science. In this regard, in silico studies were performed to explore the FEYNF peptide's ability to form polyplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania-Claudia Jitaru
- Faculty of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, 11 Carol I Bd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andra-Cristina Enache
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Corneliu Cojocaru
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabi Drochioiu
- Faculty of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, 11 Carol I Bd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Brindusa-Alina Petre
- Faculty of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, 11 Carol I Bd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
- TRANSCEND-Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vasile-Robert Gradinaru
- Faculty of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, 11 Carol I Bd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
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34
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Almaliti J, Alhindy M, Yoon MC, Hook V, Molinski TF, O’Donoghue AJ, Gerwick WH. Orthogonal Deprotection Strategy of Fmoc Provides Improved Synthesis of Sensitive Peptides: Application to Z-Arg-Lys-AOMK. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:3997-4003. [PMID: 38284081 PMCID: PMC10809369 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Protecting groups (PGs) in peptide synthesis have inspired advanced design principles that incorporate "orthogonality" for selective C- and N-terminus and side-chain deprotections. The conventionally acid-stable 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) group is one of the most widely used N-protection groups in solid- and solution-phase synthesis. Despite the versatility of Fmoc, deprotection by the removal of the Fmoc group to unmask primary amines requires the use of a basic secondary amine nucleophile, but this stratagem poses challenges in sensitive molecules that bear reactive electrophilic groups. An expansion of PG versatility, a tunable orthogonality, in the late-stage synthesis of peptides would add flexibility to the synthetic design and implementation. Here, we report a novel Fmoc deprotection method using hydrogenolysis under mildly acidic conditions for the synthesis of Z-Arg-Lys-acyloxymethyl ketone (Z-R-K-AOMK). This new method is not only valuable for Fmoc deprotection in the synthesis of complex peptides that contain highly reactive electrophiles, or other similar sensitive functional groups, that are incompatible with traditional Fmoc deprotection conditions but also tolerant of N-Boc groups present in the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehad Almaliti
- Department
Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Momen Alhindy
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Michael C. Yoon
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Vivian Hook
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- School
of Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, and Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 29093, United States
| | - Tadeusz F. Molinski
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Anthony J. O’Donoghue
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - William H. Gerwick
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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35
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Kar A, Jana M, Malik V, Sarkar A, Mandal K. Total Chemical Synthesis of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302969. [PMID: 37815536 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 and its global spread have created an unprecedented public health crisis. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 has gained significant attention due to its crucial role in viral entry into host cells and its potential as both a prophylactic and a target for therapeutic interventions. Herein, we report the first successful total synthesis of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD), highlighting the key challenges and the strategies employed to overcome them. Appropriate utilization of advanced solid phase peptide synthesis and cutting-edge native chemical ligation methods have facilitated the synthesis of this moderately large protein molecule. We discuss the problems encountered during the chemical synthesis and approaches taken to optimize the yield and the purity of the synthetic protein molecule. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the chemically synthesized homogeneous spike RBD efficiently binds to the known mini-protein binder LCB1. The successful chemical synthesis of the spike RBD presented here can be utilized to gain valuable insights into SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD biology, advancing our understanding and aiding the development of intervention strategies to combat future coronavirus outbreaks. The modular synthetic approach described in this study can be effectively implemented in the synthesis of other mutated variants or enantiomer of the spike RBD for mirror-image drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhisek Kar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, 36/p Gopanpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
| | - Mrinmoy Jana
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, 36/p Gopanpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
| | - Vishal Malik
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, 36/p Gopanpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
| | - Arighna Sarkar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, 36/p Gopanpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
| | - Kalyaneswar Mandal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, 36/p Gopanpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
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36
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Stefanik O, Majerova P, Kovac A, Mikus P, Piestansky J. Capillary electrophoresis in the analysis of therapeutic peptides-A review. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:120-164. [PMID: 37705480 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic peptides are a growing class of innovative drugs with high efficiency and a low risk of adverse effects. These biomolecules fall within the molecular mass range between that of small molecules and proteins. However, their inherent instability and potential for degradation underscore the importance of reliable and effective analytical methods for pharmaceutical quality control, therapeutic drug monitoring, and compliance testing. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has long time been the "gold standard" conventional method for peptide analysis, but capillary electrophoresis (CE) is increasingly being recognized as a complementary and, in some cases, superior, highly efficient, green, and cost-effective alternative technique. CE can separate peptides composed of different amino acids owing to differences in their net charge and size, determining their migration behavior in an electric field. This review provides a comprehensive overview of therapeutic peptides that have been used in the clinical environment for the last 25 years. It describes the properties, classification, current trends in development, and clinical use of therapeutic peptides. From the analytical point of view, it discusses the challenges associated with the analysis of therapeutic peptides in pharmaceutical and biological matrices, as well as the evaluation of CE as a whole and the comparison with LC methods. The article also highlights the use of microchip electrophoresis, nonaqueous CE, and nonconventional hydrodynamically closed CE systems and their applications. Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of developing new CE-based analytical methods to ensure the high quality, safety, and efficacy of therapeutic peptides in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Stefanik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Majerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Kovac
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Mikus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Piestansky
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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37
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Liu Y, Lu X, Chen M, Wei Z, Peng G, Yang J, Tang C, Yu P. Advances in screening, synthesis, modification, and biomedical applications of peptides and peptide aptamers. Biofactors 2024; 50:33-57. [PMID: 37646383 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Peptides and peptide aptamers have emerged as promising molecules for a wide range of biomedical applications due to their unique properties and versatile functionalities. The screening strategies for identifying peptides and peptide aptamers with desired properties are discussed, including high-throughput screening, display screening technology, and in silico design approaches. The synthesis methods for the efficient production of peptides and peptide aptamers, such as solid-phase peptide synthesis and biosynthesis technology, are described, along with their advantages and limitations. Moreover, various modification techniques are explored to enhance the stability, specificity, and pharmacokinetic properties of peptides and peptide aptamers. This includes chemical modifications, enzymatic modifications, biomodifications, genetic engineering modifications, and physical modifications. Furthermore, the review highlights the diverse biomedical applications of peptides and peptide aptamers, including targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutic. This review provides valuable insights into the advancements in screening, synthesis, modification, and biomedical applications of peptides and peptide aptamers. A comprehensive understanding of these aspects will aid researchers in the development of novel peptide-based therapeutics and diagnostic tools for various biomedical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meilun Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangnan Peng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunhua Tang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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38
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Wang J, Chen L, Qin S, Xie M, Luo SZ, Li W. Advances in biosynthesis of peptide drugs: Technology and industrialization. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300256. [PMID: 37884278 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Peptide drugs are developed from endogenous or synthetic peptides with specific biological activities. They have advantages of strong target specificity, high efficacy and low toxicity, thus showing great promise in the treatment of many diseases such as cancer, infections, and diabetes. Although an increasing number of peptide drugs have entered market in recent years, the preparation of peptide drug substances is yet a bottleneck problem for their industrial production. Comparing to the chemical synthesis method, peptide biosynthesis has advantages of simple synthesis, low cost, and low contamination. Therefore, the biosynthesis technology of peptide drugs has been widely used for manufacturing. Herein, we reviewed the development of peptide drugs and recent advances in peptide biosynthesis technology, in order to shed a light to the prospect of industrial production of peptide drugs based on biosynthesis technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Long Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
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39
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Mahmoudzadeh K, Habibi Z, Yousefi M, Mostafavi M, Mohammadi M. Peptiligase, an enzyme for efficient chemo-enzymatic synthesis of aviptadil. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127089. [PMID: 37774815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attention to peptides as prospective therapeutics has created a renaissance in searching for new alternatives to the current peptide synthetic approaches as well as their modification. In this context, it is necessary to develop different approaches for peptide ligation. Using enzymes as a novel strategy and powerful tool for the peptide and protein ligation has recently received a lot of attention. We here designed a fully convergent chemo-enzymatic peptide synthesis (CEPS) process for the synthesis of aviptadil a 28-mer therapeutic peptide with potential therapeutic effects in various medical contexts specially in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by coupling two peptide segments with four different peptiligase variants in aqueous environments. Our study reveals that peptiligase variants are capable of ligation reaction in 15 min. The overall time of ligation is shorter than those peptides with similar lengths and hinderance to aviptadil which reported for conventional synthesis by full solid-phase peptide synthesis. Yields ranged from 54 % to 76 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Mahmoudzadeh
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Oil, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Habibi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Oil, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Yousefi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Mostafavi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Oil, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Bioprocess Engineering Department, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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40
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Tivari S, Kokate SV, Belmonte-Vázquez JL, Pawar TJ, Patel H, Ahmad I, Gayke MS, Bhosale RS, Jain VD, Muteeb G, Delgado-Alvarado E, Jadeja Y. Synthesis and Evaluation of Biological Activities for a Novel 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline Conjugate with Dipeptide Derivatives: Insights from Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:48843-48854. [PMID: 38162790 PMCID: PMC10753551 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Peptide synthesis has opened new frontiers in the quest for bioactive molecules with limitless biological applications. This study presents the synthesis of a series of novel isoquinoline dipeptides using advanced spectroscopic techniques for characterization. These compounds were designed with the goal of discovering unexplored biological activities that could contribute to the development of novel pharmaceuticals. We evaluated the biological activities of novel compounds including their antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. The results show promising activity against Escherichia coli and potent antibacterial activity against MTCC 443 and MTCC 1688. Furthermore, these compounds demonstrate strong antifungal activity, outperforming existing standard drugs. Computational binding affinity studies of tetrahydroisoquinoline-conjugated dipeptides against E. coli DNA gyrase displayed significant binding interactions and binding affinity, which are reflected in antimicrobial activities of compounds. Our integrative significant molecular findings from both wet and dry laboratories would help pave a path for the development of antimicrobial therapeutics. The findings suggest that these isoquinoline-conjugated dipeptides could be excellent candidates for drug development, with potential applications in the fight against bacterial and fungal infections. This research represents an exciting step forward in the field of peptide synthesis and its potential to discover novel bioactive molecules with significant implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil
R. Tivari
- Department
of Chemistry, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360003, India
| | - Siddhant V. Kokate
- Department
of Chemistry, S.S.C. College, Junnar, Pune, Maharashtra 410502, India
| | - José L. Belmonte-Vázquez
- Facultad
de Química, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Tushar Janardan Pawar
- Red
de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Clúster
Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic del Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Carretera Antigua a Coatepec
351, Xalapa, Veracruz91073, Mexico
| | - Harun Patel
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Manoj S. Gayke
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, Indrashil
University, Mehsana, Gujarat 382715, India
| | - Rajesh S. Bhosale
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, Indrashil
University, Mehsana, Gujarat 382715, India
| | - Vicky D. Jain
- Department
of Chemistry, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360003, India
| | - Ghazala Muteeb
- Department
of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enrique Delgado-Alvarado
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Research Center, Universidad
Veracruzana, Blvd. Av. Ruiz Cortines No. 455 Fracc, Costa Verde, Boca del Río 94294, Mexico
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad
Veracruzana, Blvd. Av. Ruiz Cortines No. 455 Fracc, Costa Verde, Boca del Río 94294, Mexico
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41
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Wang R, Zhu B, Young P, Luo Y, Taylor J, Cameron AJ, Squire CJ, Travas-Sejdic J. A Portable and Disposable Electrochemical Sensor Utilizing Laser-Scribed Graphene for Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 14:10. [PMID: 38248387 PMCID: PMC10813335 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 was the greatest global threat to human health in the last three years. The most widely used methodologies for the diagnosis of COVID-19 are quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and rapid antigen tests (RATs). PCR is time-consuming and requires specialized instrumentation operated by skilled personnel. In contrast, RATs can be used in-home or at point-of-care but are less sensitive, leading to a higher rate of false negative results. In this work, we describe the development of a disposable, electrochemical, and laser-scribed graphene-based biosensor strips for COVID-19 detection that exploits a split-ester bond ligase system (termed 'EsterLigase') for immobilization of a virus-specific nanobody to maintain the out-of-plane orientation of the probe to ensure the efficacy of the probe-target recognition process. An anti-spike VHH E nanobody, genetically fused with the EsterLigase domain, was used as the specific probe for the spike receptor-binding domain (SP-RBD) protein as the target. The recognition between the two was measured by the change in the charge transfer resistance determined by fitting the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) spectra. The developed LSG-based biosensor achieved a linear detection range for the SP-RBD from 150 pM to 15 nM with a sensitivity of 0.0866 [log(M)]-1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 7.68 pM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhong Wang
- Centre for Innovative Materials and Health, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (R.W.); (B.Z.)
| | - Bicheng Zhu
- Centre for Innovative Materials and Health, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (R.W.); (B.Z.)
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Paul Young
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (P.Y.); (J.T.); (C.J.S.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yu Luo
- Micro- and Nano-Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
| | - John Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (P.Y.); (J.T.); (C.J.S.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Alan J. Cameron
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (P.Y.); (J.T.); (C.J.S.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christopher J. Squire
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (P.Y.); (J.T.); (C.J.S.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- Centre for Innovative Materials and Health, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (R.W.); (B.Z.)
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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42
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Marschall E, Cass RW, Prasad KM, Swarbrick JD, McKay AI, Payne JAE, Cryle MJ, Tailhades J. Synthetic ramoplanin analogues are accessible by effective incorporation of arylglycines in solid-phase peptide synthesis. Chem Sci 2023; 15:195-203. [PMID: 38131086 PMCID: PMC10732013 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01944f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The threat of antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics requires a continual effort to develop alternative treatments. Arylglycines (or phenylglycines) are one of the signature amino acids found in many natural peptide antibiotics, but their propensity for epimerization in solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) has prevented their use in long peptide sequences. We have now identified an optimized protocol that allows the synthesis of challenging non-ribosomal peptides including precursors of the glycopeptide antibiotics and an analogue of feglymycin (1 analogue, 20%). We have exploited this protocol to synthesize analogues of the peptide antibiotic ramoplanin using native chemical ligation/desulfurization (1 analogue, 6.5%) and head-to-tail macrocyclization in excellent yield (6 analogues, 3-9%), with these compounds extensively characterized by NMR (U-shaped structure) and antimicrobial activity assays (two clinical isolates). This method significantly reduces synthesis time (6-9 days) when compared with total syntheses (2-3 months) and enables drug discovery programs to include arylglycines in structure-activity relationship studies and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Marschall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- EMBL Australia, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Rachel W Cass
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- EMBL Australia, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Komal M Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- EMBL Australia, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - James D Swarbrick
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Alasdair I McKay
- Department of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Jennifer A E Payne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- EMBL Australia, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Max J Cryle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- EMBL Australia, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Julien Tailhades
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- EMBL Australia, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
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43
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Hwang E, Lim YB. Self-Assembled Protein Nanostructures via Irreversible Peptide Assembly. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1679-1684. [PMID: 38035369 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The quaternary structure of proteins extends the functionality of monomeric proteins. Similarly, self-assembled protein nanostructures (SPrNs) have great potential to improve the functionality and complexity of proteins; however, the difficulty associated with the fabrication of SPrNs is far greater than that associated with the fabrication of self-assembled peptides or polymers and often requires sophisticated computational design. To make the process of SPrN formation simpler and more intuitive, herein, we devise a strategy to adopt an irreversible self-assembled peptide nanostructure (SPeN) process en route to the formation of SPrNs. The strategy employs three sequential steps: first, the formation of SPeNs (an equilibrium process); second, covalent capture of SPeNs (an irreversible process); third, the final assembly of SPrNs via protein-peptide interactions (an equilibrium process). This strategy allowed us to fabricate SPrNs in which the size of the protein was approximately 9 times higher than that of the self-assembling peptide. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the irreversible SPeN could be used as a primary building block for assembly into superstructures. Overall, this strategy is conceptually as simple as SPeN fabrication and is potentially applicable to any soluble protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euimin Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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44
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Rayala R, Chaudhari P, Bunnell A, Roberts B, Chakrabarti D, Nefzi A. Parallel Synthesis of Piperazine Tethered Thiazole Compounds with Antiplasmodial Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17414. [PMID: 38139243 PMCID: PMC10743568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiazole and piperazine are two important heterocyclic rings that play a prominent role in nature and have a broad range of applications in agricultural and medicinal chemistry. Herein, we report the parallel synthesis of a library of diverse piperazine-tethered thiazole compounds. The reaction of piperazine with newly generated 4-chloromethyl-2-amino thiazoles led to the desired piperazine thiazole compounds with high purities and good overall yields. Using a variety of commercially available carboxylic acids, the parallel synthesis of a variety of disubstituted 4-(piperazin-1-ylmethyl)thiazol-2-amine derivatives is described. the screening of the compounds led to the identification of antiplasmodial compounds that exhibited interesting antimalarial activity, primarily against the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistant Dd2 strain. The hit compound 2291-61 demonstrated an antiplasmodial EC50 of 102 nM in the chloroquine-resistant Dd2 strain and a selectivity of over 140.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanjaneyulu Rayala
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (R.R.); (P.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Prakash Chaudhari
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (R.R.); (P.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Ashley Bunnell
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (R.R.); (P.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Bracken Roberts
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Debopam Chakrabarti
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (B.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Adel Nefzi
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (R.R.); (P.C.); (A.B.)
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45
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Pasupuleti R, Riedl S, Saltor Núñez L, Karava M, Kumar V, Kourist R, Turnbull WB, Zweytick D, Wiltschi B. Lectin-anticancer peptide fusion demonstrates a significant cancer-cell-selective cytotoxic effect and inspires the production of "clickable" anticancer peptide in Escherichia coli. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4830. [PMID: 37916438 PMCID: PMC10682692 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Targeted killing of tumor cells while protecting healthy cells is the pressing priority in cancer treatment. Lectins that target a specific glycan marker abundant in cancer cells can be valuable new tools for selective cancer cell killing. The lectin Shiga-like toxin 1 B subunit (Stx1B) is an example that specifically binds globotriaosylceramide (CD77 or Gb3), which is overexpressed in certain cancers. In this study, a human lactoferricin-derived synthetic retro di-peptide R-DIM-P-LF11-215 with antitumor efficacy was fused to the lectin Stx1B to selectively target and kill Gb3+ cancer cells. We produced lectin-peptide fusion proteins in Escherichia coli, isolated them by Gb3-affinity chromatography, and assessed their ability to selectively kill Gb3+ cancer cells in a Calcein AM assay. Furthermore, to expand the applications of R-DIM-P-LF11-215 in developing therapeutic bioconjugates, we labeled R-DIM-P-LF11-215 with the unique reactive non-canonical amino acid Nε -((2-azidoethoxy)carbonyl)-L-lysine (AzK) at a selected position by amber stop codon suppression. The R-DIM-P-LF11-215 20AzK and the unlabeled R-DIM-P-LF11-215 parent peptide were produced as GST-fusion proteins for soluble expression in E. coli for the first time. We purified both variants by size-exclusion chromatography and analyzed their peptide masses. Finally, a cyanin 3 fluorophore was covalently conjugated to R-DIM-P-LF11-215 20AzK by strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition. Our results showed that the recombinant lectin-peptide fusion R-DIM-P-LF11-215-Stx1B killed >99% Gb3+ HeLa cells while Gb3-negative cells were unaffected. The peptides R-DIM-P-LF11-215 and R-DIM-P-LF11-215 20AzK were produced recombinantly in E. coli in satisfactory amounts and were tested functional by cytotoxicity and cell-binding assays, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Pasupuleti
- acib ‐ Austrian Centre of Industrial BiotechnologyGrazAustria
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyGrazAustria
| | - Sabrina Riedl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Biophysics DivisionUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioHealthUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
| | - Laia Saltor Núñez
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Marianna Karava
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyGrazAustria
| | - Vajinder Kumar
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Robert Kourist
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyGrazAustria
| | - W. Bruce Turnbull
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Dagmar Zweytick
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Biophysics DivisionUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioHealthUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
| | - Birgit Wiltschi
- acib ‐ Austrian Centre of Industrial BiotechnologyGrazAustria
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyGrazAustria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
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46
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Sikora K, Jędrzejczak J, Bauer M, Neubauer D, Jaśkiewicz M, Szaryńska M. Quaternary Ammonium Salts of Cationic Lipopeptides with Lysine Residues - Synthesis, Antimicrobial, Hemolytic and Cytotoxic Activities. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1465-1483. [PMID: 37770629 PMCID: PMC10687119 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Ultrashort cationic lipopeptides (USCLs) and quaternary ammonium salts constitute two groups of cationic surfactants with high antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to investigate the influence of quaternization of the amino group of the lysine side chain in USCLs on their antimicrobial, hemolytic and cytotoxic activities. To do this, two series of lipopeptides were synthesized, USLCs and their quaternized analogues containing trimethylated lysine residues - qUSCLs (quaternized ultrashort cationic lipopeptides). Quaternization was performed on a resin during a standard solid-phase peptide synthesis with CH3I as the methylating agent. According to our knowledge, this is the first study presenting on-resin peptide quaternization. The lipopeptides were tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against the ESKAPE group (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella aerogenes) bacteria and Candida glabrata yeast-like fungus. Most of the compounds proved to be active antimicrobial agents with enhanced activity against Gram-positive strains and fungi and a lower against Gram-negative species. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of lipopeptides was increasing with an increase in hydrophobicity but qUSCLs exhibited usually a poorer antimicrobial activity than their parent molecules. Furthermore, the toxicity against red blood cells and human keratinocytes was assessed. It's worth emphasizing that qUSCLs were less toxic than the parent molecules of comparative hydrophobicity. The results of the study proved that qUSCLs can offer a higher selectivity to pathogens over human cells than that of USCLs. Last but not least, quaternization of the peptides could increase their solubility and therefore their bioavailability and utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Sikora
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jakub Jędrzejczak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Bauer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Damian Neubauer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- International Research Agenda 3P- Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, Building no. 5, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szaryńska
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
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47
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Luo J, Gao Y, Zhao R, Shi J, Li YM. Synthesis of disulfide-rich C-terminal Cys-containing peptide acids through a photocleavable side-chain anchoring strategy. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8863-8867. [PMID: 37888757 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
A side-chain anchoring strategy has been developed as an effective method for the synthesis of C-terminal Cys-containing peptide acids. However, the application of this strategy to CCAs containing more than one disulfide bond is still hindered due to the trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) lability of the anchored side-chain groups. Herein, we report a photocleavable side-chain anchoring strategy using newly developed molecules having photocleavable side-chain protecting groups that are stable against TFA cleavage to assist in the formation of disulfide bonds. The utility of this new strategy was demonstrated by the synthesis of Riparin 1.1 and hCNP22 containing one disulfide bond and α-conotoxin Vc1.1 containing two disulfide bonds. This new strategy will provide new possibilities for the synthesis of disulfide-rich C-terminal Cys-containing peptide acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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48
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Maschio R, Buonsanti F, Crivellin F, Ferretti F, Lattuada L, Maisano F, Orio L, Pizzuto L, Campanella R, Clouet A, Cavallotti C, Giovenzana GB. Improved synthesis of DA364, an NIR fluorescence RGD probe targeting α vβ 3 integrin. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8584-8592. [PMID: 37855098 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01206a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Optical imaging (OI) is gaining increasing attention in medicine as a non-invasive diagnostic imaging technology and as a useful tool for image-guided surgery. OI exploits the light emitted in the near-infrared region by fluorescent molecules able to penetrate living tissues. Cyanines are an important class of fluorescent molecules and by their conjugation to peptides it is possible to achieve optical imaging of tumours by selective targeting. We report here the improvements obtained in the synthesis of DA364, a small fluorescent probe (1.5 kDa) prepared by conjugation of pentamethine cyanine Cy5.5 to an RGD peptidomimetic, which can target tumour cells overexpressing integrin αvβ3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Maschio
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Federica Buonsanti
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Federico Crivellin
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Ferretti
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Luciano Lattuada
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Federico Maisano
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Laura Orio
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Lorena Pizzuto
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Raphael Campanella
- Bracco Suisse SA, Route de la Galaise 31, 1228 Plan le Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Clouet
- Bracco Suisse SA, Route de la Galaise 31, 1228 Plan le Ouates, Switzerland
| | | | - Giovanni B Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy.
- CAGE Chemicals Srl, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
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49
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Zhang OL, Niu JY, Yu OY, Mei ML, Jakubovics NS, Chu CH. Development of a Novel Peptide with Antimicrobial and Mineralising Properties for Caries Management. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2560. [PMID: 38004539 PMCID: PMC10675526 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to develop a novel peptide for caries management. Gallic-Acid-Polyphemusin-I (GAPI) was synthesised by grafting Polyphemusin I (PI) and gallic acid (GA). Biocompatibility was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 Assay. Antimicrobial properties were assessed using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC). The bacterial and fungal morphology after GAPI treatment was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The architecture of a consortium biofilm consisting of Streptococcus mutans, Lacticaseibacillus casei and Candida albicans was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The growth kinetics of the biofilm was examined using a propidium monoazide-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The surface and calcium-to-phosphorus molar ratio of GAPI-treated enamel after pH cycling were examined with SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Enamel crystal characteristics were analysed using X-ray diffraction. Lesion depths representing the enamel's mineral loss were assessed using micro-computed tomography. The MIC of GAPI against S. mutans, L. casei and C. albicans were 40 μM, 40 μM and 20 μM, respectively. GAPI destroyed the biofilm's three-dimensional structure and inhibited the growth of the biofilm. SEM showed that enamel treated with GAPI had a relatively smooth surface compared to that treated with water. The calcium-to-phosphorus molar ratio of enamel treated with GAPI was higher than that of the control. The lesion depths and mineral loss of the GAPI-treated enamel were less than the control. The crystallinity of the GAPI-treated enamel was higher than the control. This study developed a biocompatible, mineralising and antimicrobial peptide GAPI, which may have potential as an anti-caries agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Lili Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
| | - John Yun Niu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
| | - May Lei Mei
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Stephen Jakubovics
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
- School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4BW, UK
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
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50
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Nguyen AK, Molley TG, Kardia E, Ganda S, Chakraborty S, Wong SL, Ruan J, Yee BE, Mata J, Vijayan A, Kumar N, Tilley RD, Waters SA, Kilian KA. Hierarchical assembly of tryptophan zipper peptides into stress-relaxing bioactive hydrogels. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6604. [PMID: 37872151 PMCID: PMC10593748 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41907-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft materials in nature are formed through reversible supramolecular assembly of biological polymers into dynamic hierarchical networks. Rational design has led to self-assembling peptides with structural similarities to natural materials. However, recreating the dynamic functional properties inherent to natural systems remains challenging. Here we report the discovery of a short peptide based on the tryptophan zipper (trpzip) motif, that shows multiscale hierarchical ordering that leads to emergent dynamic properties. Trpzip hydrogels are antimicrobial and self-healing, with tunable viscoelasticity and unique yield-stress properties that allow immediate harvest of embedded cells through a flick of the wrist. This characteristic makes Trpzip hydrogels amenable to syringe extrusion, which we demonstrate with examples of cell delivery and bioprinting. Trpzip hydrogels display innate bioactivity, allowing propagation of human intestinal organoids with apical-basal polarization. Considering these extensive attributes, we anticipate the Trpzip motif will prove a versatile building block for supramolecular assembly of soft materials for biotechnology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Center for Nanomedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Thomas G Molley
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Center for Nanomedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Egi Kardia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sylvia Ganda
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Center for Nanomedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sudip Chakraborty
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sharon L Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Juanfang Ruan
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Bethany E Yee
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Center for Nanomedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jitendra Mata
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - Abhishek Vijayan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Shafagh A Waters
- Australian Center for Nanomedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Kristopher A Kilian
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
- Australian Center for Nanomedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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