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Jiang Z, Qian D, Liang Z, Wu S, Han F, Xu C, Chi M, Li E. Evaluation of Dietary Essential Amino Acid Supplementation on Growth, Digestive Capacity, Antioxidant, and Intestine Health of the Juvenile Redclaw Crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2024; 2024:8767751. [PMID: 38362562 PMCID: PMC10869197 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8767751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The present study was an 8-week feeding trial investigating the effects of lysine and threonine supplementation in vegetable-based diets on growth, antioxidative capacity, and gut microbiota of juvenile redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus (initial weight 11.52 ± 0.23 g). The lysine and threonine were supplemented to formulate five isonitrogenous (37%) and isolipidic (9%) diets containing 0% (control), 0.2% lysine (L0.2), 0.2% threonine (T0.2), 0.4% lysine (L0.4), and 0.4% threonine (T0.4), respectively. Compared to the control, weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of C. quadricarinatus significantly increased with increasing dietary lysine and threonine supplementation from 0.2% to 0.4% (P < 0.05). Hepatopancreas trypsin activity significantly increased with increasing levels of lysine and threonine in diets (P < 0.05). However, the pepsin, lipase, and amylase activities were not affected by dietary levels of lysine and threonine (P > 0.05). Compared with the control, crayfish in T0.4 and L0.4 showed significantly higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity (P < 0.05), lower alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P < 0.05). Supplementation with 0.4% lysine significantly changed the composition of the gut microbiota (P < 0.05), which showed a significantly increased relative abundance of Proteobacteria and decreased Firmicutes, Actinomycetes, and Pontomyces (P < 0.05). The PICRUSt analysis demonstrated that the abundance of the metabolism and cellular processes pathways in the L0.4 group were markedly decreased compared with the control (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, a tighter interaction of the microbiota community in crayfish was observed in the T0.4 experimental group. In conclusion, these results suggested that dietary supplementation with 0.4% threonine could significantly promote growth and improve microbial health in juvenile C. quadricarinatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongzheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Dunwei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
- Hainan Provincial Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Centre, 98 Baiju Road, Haikou, Hainan 571126, China
| | - Zhenye Liang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Sen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Fenglu Han
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Meili Chi
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, China
| | - Erchao Li
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
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Jiang Z, Qian D, Liang Z, Jia Y, Xu C, Li E. Effects of dietary plant protein sources intake on growth, digestive enzyme activity, edible tissue nutritional status and intestinal health of the omnivorous Redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:978-995. [PMID: 36597816 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522004044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
For the omnivorous Cherax quadricarinatus crayfish, plant raw materials can be good alternatives to dietary fish meal (FM). A 56-d feeding trial was conducted in C. quadricarinatus (11·70 (se 0·13) g). Diet with 100 % FM as the protein source was the control. Seven experimental diets were formulated by replacing 75 or 100 % of FM with soyabean meal (SM75, SM100) or cottonseed meal (CM75 and CM100), and a mixture of SM and CM (protein content is 1:1) replacing 50, 75 or 100 % of FM (SC50, SC75 and SC100). Crayfish fed the CM100 and SC100 showed significantly lower weight gain (WG), specific growth rate, trypsin and pepsin activities compared with the control diet. Crayfish in CM100 group showed significantly higher GPx, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase activities and malondialdehyde content than the control. SM100 and CM100 diets can cause slight separation of the peritrophic membrane from the intestinal folds. The pepsin activity of crayfish in SC50 was significantly higher than those in other experimental diets. The highest WG and muscle arginine content were also found in crayfish fed SC50. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Unclassified Enterobacteriaceae and Candidatus Bacilloplasma was significantly higher, but Actinobacteriota was significantly lower in SM100, CM100 and SC100 than in control. Microbiota functional prediction indicated that the relative abundance of 'cell motility' pathway in crayfish fed CM100 was significantly decreased compared with the control. In conclusion, only half of the FM can be effectively substituted with a mixture of SM and CM (protein content is 1:1) for C. quadricarinatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongzheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Dunwei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenye Liang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyi Jia
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Erchao Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan570228, People's Republic of China
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El-Samad LM, El-Gerbed MS, Hussein HS, Flaven-Pouchon J, El Wakil A, Moussian B. Imidacloprid-induced pathophysiological damage in the midgut of Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the field. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57644-57655. [PMID: 35353308 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are modern insecticides widely used in agriculture worldwide. Their impact on target (nervous system) and non-target (midgut) tissues has been well studied in beneficial insects including honeybees under controlled conditions. However, their detailed effects on pest insects on the field are missing to date. Here, we have studied the effects of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid on the midgut of the pest insect Locusta migratoria caught in the field. We found that in the midgut of imidacloprid-exposed locusts the activity of enzymes involved in reactive oxygen metabolism was perturbed. By contrast, the activity of P450 enzymes that have been shown to be activated in a detoxification response and that were also reported to produce reactive oxygen species was elevated. Probably as a consequence, markers of oxidative stress including protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation accumulated in midgut samples of these locusts. Histological analyses revealed that their midgut epithelium is disorganized and that the brush border of the epithelial cells is markedly reduced. Indeed, microvilli are significantly shorter, misshapen and possibly non-functional in imidacloprid-treated locusts. We hypothesize that imidacloprid induces oxidative stress in the locust midgut, thereby changing the shape of midgut epithelial cells and probably in turn compromising their physiological function. Presumably, these effects reduce the survival rate of imidacloprid-treated locusts and the damage they cause in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia M El-Samad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S El-Gerbed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Hanaa S Hussein
- Department of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Justin Flaven-Pouchon
- Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Abeer El Wakil
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Bernard Moussian
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France.
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Abdelhafez HEDH, AbdAllah AA, Afify MM, Mahmoud NF, Guo J, Murad SA, Ibrahim EA. Protective action of polysaccharides from Laurencia papillose (Rhodophyta) against imidacloprid induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in male albino rats. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2022; 37:e2022011-0. [PMID: 35878919 PMCID: PMC9314203 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2022011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IMI), the main component of neonicotinoid insecticides, promotes oxidative stress and genotoxicity in mammals. The aim of this experiment is to assess oxidative stress in liver cells and genotoxicity of erythrocytes for rats exposed to sub-lethal doses of IMI and the protective effects for Rhodophyta as antioxidant material versus imidacloprid. A total of 30 adult male albino rats (average body weight, 190–200 g) were divided into six groups (n=5) as follows: group 1 served as the control, group 2 received 200 mg/kg red algae, group 3 received 45 mg/kg IMI (high-dose group), group 4 received 22.5 mg/kg IMI (low-dose group), group 5 received 200 mg/kg red algae +45 mg/kg IMI, and group 6 received 200 mg/kg red algae +22.5 mg/kg IMI. After 28 d of treatment, the antioxidant activity of the crude extract of red algae was assessed in terms of free radical scavenging activity and found to be higher in TCA (75.57%) followed by DPPH (50.08%) at concentration 100 μg extract and a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and reductions in glutathione were observed in liver cells were intoxicated with high and low doses of IMI. Moreover decreases in catalase and glutathione peroxidase parameters in same previous groups which indicated oxidative stress. In addition significant increases in micronucleus frequency (MN) in the bone marrow of the rats as a genotoxicity marker which indicated DNA damage in erythrocytes cells with alterations in the histopathology of liver cells were also noted such as necrosis, inflammatory cells, infiltration, and necrobiotic changes. Whereas Rhodophyta succeeded in alleviation the oxidative damage and genotoxicity induced by the insecticide. In conclusion, IMI demonstrates hazardous effects, such as alterations in antioxidant status and mutagenicity of erythrocytes and polysaccharides from Rhodophyta has good antioxidant activity in vivo model systems against imidacloprid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam El Din H. Abdelhafez
- Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural pesticides Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza,
Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Amr A AbdAllah
- Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural pesticides Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza,
Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Afify
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,
Egypt
| | - Naglaa F Mahmoud
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza,
Egypt
| | - Jiangfeng Guo
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou,
China
| | - Soha A Murad
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza,
Egypt
| | - Eman A Ibrahim
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza,
Egypt
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Cun Z, Wu HM, Zhang JY, Shuang SP, Hong J, Chen JW. Responses of Linear and Cyclic Electron Flow to Nitrogen Stress in an N-Sensitive Species Panax notoginseng. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:796931. [PMID: 35242152 PMCID: PMC8885595 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.796931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is a primary factor limiting leaf photosynthesis. However, the mechanism of N-stress-driven photoinhibition of the photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) is still unclear in the N-sensitive species such as Panax notoginseng, and thus the role of electron transport in PSII and PSI photoinhibition needs to be further understood. We comparatively analyzed photosystem activity, photosynthetic rate, excitation energy distribution, electron transport, OJIP kinetic curve, P700 dark reduction, and antioxidant enzyme activities in low N (LN), moderate N (MN), and high N (HN) leaves treated with linear electron flow (LEF) inhibitor [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea (DCMU)] and cyclic electron flow (CEF) inhibitor (methyl viologen, MV). The results showed that the increased application of N fertilizer significantly enhance leaf N contents and specific leaf N (SLN). Net photosynthetic rate (P n) was lower in HN and LN plants than in MN ones. Maximum photochemistry efficiency of PSII (F v/F m), maximum photo-oxidation P700+ (P m), electron transport rate of PSI (ETRI), electron transport rate of PSII (ETRII), and plastoquinone (PQ) pool size were lower in the LN plants. More importantly, K phase and CEF were higher in the LN plants. Additionally, there was not a significant difference in the activity of antioxidant enzyme between the MV- and H2O-treated plants. The results obtained suggest that the lower LEF leads to the hindrance of the formation of ΔpH and ATP in LN plants, thereby damaging the donor side of the PSII oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). The over-reduction of PSI acceptor side is the main cause of PSI photoinhibition under LN condition. Higher CEF and antioxidant enzyme activity not only protected PSI from photodamage but also slowed down the damage rate of PSII in P. notoginseng grown under LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Cun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Min Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-Yan Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Sheng-Pu Shuang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Hong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun-Wen Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Eghtedari M, Jafari Porzani S, Javanmardi M, Ganjali MR, Hosseinkhani S. Etching of AuNPs Through Superoxide Radical Dismutation by Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase Resulted in Remarkable Changes of its Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 19:e2741. [PMID: 34825014 PMCID: PMC8590718 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2021.225724.2741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are categorized as antioxidant enzymes that are involved in many processes such as stress signalling responses and cell protection against free radical species. The primary function of SOD is the removal of produced radical species like superoxide ions in different physiological processes. There are various isozymes of SODs which are classified according to the metal cofactor in their active sites into four general types of Fe-SOD, Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD and Ni-SOD. Among metal nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are useful for biological purposes as sensing probe for determining critical analysis based on surface plasmon resonance and colorimetric method. In this study, the human Cu-Zn SOD expressed, purified, and its interaction with AuNPs based on a new colorimetric method was investigated. OBJECTIVES In this approach, a colorimetric detection method for SOD activity was developed based on the carboxylic stabilized AuNPs. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Ni-NTA Sepharose affinity column was performed for the purification process of enzyme. Following SOD purification, the enzyme activity in presence of AuNPs due to the possible etching in the presence of free radicals which are produced by riboflavin, methionine, Na2CO3 and potassium phosphate buffer, have been performed. In addition, Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis toward SOD and gold nanoparticle were performed. RESULTS Superoxide radicals generated from the enzymatic reaction would preferentially etch AuNPs and resulted in remarkable changes of localized surface plasmon resonance of AuNPs, which is reduced in the presence of SOD. Under the optimized experimental conditions assay (pH~7.8 and 25 ˚C), better selectivity and sensitivity toward SOD activity was shown. CONCLUSIONS In this context, an indirect new colorimetric method for determining of SOD activity based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was evaluated. According to the presented result, it may be concluded that by scavenging of free superoxide radicals in the presence of SOD, the amount of AuNP absorbance can be replenished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Eghtedari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Jafari Porzani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Javanmardi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran,
Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Probiotics Improve Eating Disorders in Mandarin Fish ( Siniperca chuatsi) Induced by a Pellet Feed Diet via Stimulating Immunity and Regulating Gut Microbiota. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061288. [PMID: 34204793 PMCID: PMC8231599 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders are directly or indirectly influenced by gut microbiota and innate immunity. Probiotics have been shown to regulate gut microbiota and stimulate immunity in a variety of species. In this study, three kinds of probiotics, namely, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Clostridium butyricum, were selected for the experiment. The results showed that the addition of three probiotics at a concentration of 108 colony forming unit/mL to the culture water significantly increased the ratio of the pellet feed recipients and survival rate of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) under pellet-feed feeding. In addition, the three kinds of probiotics reversed the decrease in serum lysozyme and immunoglobulin M content, the decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione and catalase and the decrease in the expression of the appetite-stimulating regulator agouti gene-related protein of mandarin fish caused by pellet-feed feeding. In terms of intestinal health, the three probiotics reduced the abundance of pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas in the gut microbiota and increased the height of intestinal villi and the thickness of foregut basement membrane of mandarin fish under pellet-feed feeding. In general, the addition of the three probiotics can significantly improve eating disorders of mandarin fish caused by pellet feeding.
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Tabernilla A, dos Santos Rodrigues B, Pieters A, Caufriez A, Leroy K, Van Campenhout R, Cooreman A, Gomes AR, Arnesdotter E, Gijbels E, Vinken M. In Vitro Liver Toxicity Testing of Chemicals: A Pragmatic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5038. [PMID: 34068678 PMCID: PMC8126138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is among the most frequently targeted organs by noxious chemicals of diverse nature. Liver toxicity testing using laboratory animals not only raises serious ethical questions, but is also rather poorly predictive of human safety towards chemicals. Increasing attention is, therefore, being paid to the development of non-animal and human-based testing schemes, which rely to a great extent on in vitro methodology. The present paper proposes a rationalized tiered in vitro testing strategy to detect liver toxicity triggered by chemicals, in which the first tier is focused on assessing general cytotoxicity, while the second tier is aimed at identifying liver-specific toxicity as such. A state-of-the-art overview is provided of the most commonly used in vitro assays that can be used in both tiers. Advantages and disadvantages of each assay as well as overall practical considerations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mathieu Vinken
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.T.); (B.d.S.R.); (A.P.); (A.C.); (K.L.); (R.V.C.); (A.C.); (A.R.G.); (E.A.); (E.G.)
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9
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Hsieh SY, Lian YZ, Lin IH, Yang YC, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Chao JCJ. Combined Lycium babarum polysaccharides and C-phycocyanin increase gastric Bifidobacterium relative abundance and protect against gastric ulcer caused by aspirin in rats. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:4. [PMID: 33407626 PMCID: PMC7789774 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-00538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin are used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Chronic use of low-dose aspirin is associated with the occurrence of gastric ulcer. The aim of this study was to investigate the healing potential of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) from Chinese Goji berry and C-phycocyanin (CPC) from Spirulina platensis on gastric ulcer in rats. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: normal, aspirin (700 mg/kg bw), LBP (aspirin + 100 mg/kg bw/d LBP), CPC (aspirin + 50 mg/kg bw/d CPC), and MIX (aspirin + 50 mg/kg bw/d LBP + 25 mg/kg bw/d CPC) groups. Gastric ulcer was developed by daily oral feeding of aspirin for 8 weeks. Treatments were given orally a week before ulcer induction for 9 weeks. RESULTS The MIX group elevated gastric cyclooxygenase-1, prostaglandin E2, and total nitrite and nitrate levels by 139%, 86%, and 66%, respectively, compared with the aspirin group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the MIX group reduced lipid peroxides malondialdehyde levels by 78% (p < 0.05). The treatment of LBP and/or CPC increased gastric Bifidobacterium relative abundance by 2.5-4.0 times compared with the aspirin group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that combined LBP and CPC enhance gastroprotective factors, inhibit lipid peroxidation, and increase gastric Bifidobacterium relative abundance. Combined LBP and CPC have protective potential against gastric ulcer caused by aspirin in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yu Hsieh
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu Zhi Lian
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, 11031, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Lin
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Yang
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jane C-J Chao
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, 11031, Taiwan.
- Master Program in Global Health and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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El-Gendy AH, Augustyniak M, Toto NA, Al Farraj S, El-Samad LM. Oxidative stress parameters, DNA damage and expression of HSP70 and MT in midgut of Trachyderma hispida (Forskål, 1775) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from a textile industry area. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115661. [PMID: 33254610 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The textile mill industry is one of the major sources of pollution and contributors of metal contaminants to the environment. At the same time, the industry is important for global economy. Pollution caused by the textile industry is characteristic due to a unique set of potentially toxic substances. Darkling beetles (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae), which live in all biogeographical regions, are especially common in soil quality and soil degradation studies. Our study was designed to assess long-term effects of textile industry (which generates specific pollution) on soil organisms, namely Trachyderma hispida. We especially wanted to find out what changes allow the species to survive and adapt to these specific conditions. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of soil and midgut tissues of T. hispida sampled from a polluted site in the Edku textile industrial area in Egypt revealed a high accumulation of chemical elements, compared to a reference site. The concentration of elements in soil was well correlated with their concentration in the midgut of insects. Activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase were negatively correlated with concentration of elements in soil and in the midgut. Meanwhile, malondialdehyde concentration in the midgut revealed an opposite tendency. DNA damage and expression of stress proteins, (HSP70 and metallothionein - MT) were elevated in insects from the polluted site. The activity of textile industry in the area of Edku undoubtedly causes an increase of soil pollution and, in consequence, causes a number of changes in the bodies of organisms living in these areas, including T. hispidus. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution which limits the emission of waste from the textile industry, as well as to design modern strategies of processing, storing and utilizing it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel H El-Gendy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.
| | - Noura A Toto
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, El Beheira, Egypt
| | - Saleh Al Farraj
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, KSA, Egypt
| | - Lamia M El-Samad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
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11
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Al-Azzawi MA, AboZaid MMN, Ibrahem RAL, Sakr MA. Therapeutic effects of black seed oil supplementation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A randomized controlled double blind clinical trial. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04711. [PMID: 32904114 PMCID: PMC7452452 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to examine whether supplementation of Black Seed Oil (BSO) can improve pulmonary function tests (PFTs), inflammation, and oxidant-antioxidant markers in COPD patients. The study involved 100 patients of mild to moderate COPD divided randomly into 2 groups who were appointed to receive standard medication only (control group) or with additional Black Seed Oil (BSO group). They were assessed initially and after 3 months, 44 patients responded in control group and 47 patients in BSO group. BSO group evidenced a significant decreasing in oxidant and inflammatory markers; thiobarbituric acid reactive-substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl (PC) content, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a significant increase in antioxidants; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamin C, and E, and a significant improvement in PFTs versus control group and baseline levels. Supplementation of Black Seed Oil may be an effective adjunct therapy to improve pulmonary functions, inflammation, and oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood A Al-Azzawi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Al-Ayen University, An-Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - Mohamed M N AboZaid
- Department of Chest Diseases, Zagazig Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Reda Abdel Latif Ibrahem
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Moustafa A Sakr
- Molecular Diagnostics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Qian D, Xu C, Chen C, Qin JG, Chen L, Li E. Toxic effect of chronic waterborne copper exposure on growth, immunity, anti-oxidative capacity and gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:445-455. [PMID: 32173448 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper can be accumulated in water through excessive sewage discharge or residual algaecide to generate toxic effect to aquatic animals. In this study, the juvenile of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei was exposed to 0 (control), 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 or 1 mg Cu2+ L-1 for 30 days. Growth, immune function, anti-oxidative status and gut microbiota were evaluated. Weight gain and specific growth rate of L. vannamei were significantly decreased with the increase of ambient Cu2+. Enlarged lumen and ruptured cells were found in the hepatopancreas of shrimp in the 0.5 or 1 mg Cu2+ L-1 treatment. Total hemocyte counts of shrimp in 0.5 or 1 mg Cu2+ L-1 were significantly lower than in the control. The hemocyanin concentration was also significantly increased in 0.2 or 0.5 mg Cu2+ L-1. Lysozyme contents were reduced in shrimp when Cu2+ exceeded 0.2 mg L-1. Meanwhile, activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were increased in the hepatopancreas and the activity of Na+-K+ ATPase was decreased in the gills with increasing Cu2+. The mRNA expressions of immune deficiency, toll-like receptor and caspase-3 were all significantly higher in the hepatopancreas in 0.05 mg Cu2+ L-1 than in the control. For the diversity of intestinal microbes, Bacteroidetes significantly decreased in 1 mg Cu2+ L-1 at the phylum level. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrates that 1 mg L-1 Cu2+ can significantly alter metabolism, cellular processes and environmental information processing. This study indicates that the concentration of 1 mg L-1 Cu can negatively impact growth, hemolymph immunity, anti-oxidative capacity and gut microbiota composition of L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunwei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China; Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China; Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
| | - Chengzhuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China; Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Jian G Qin
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Liqiao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Erchao Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China; Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
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Causer AJ, Shute JK, Cummings MH, Shepherd AI, Gruet M, Costello JT, Bailey S, Lindley M, Pearson C, Connett G, Allenby MI, Carroll MP, Daniels T, Saynor ZL. Circulating biomarkers of antioxidant status and oxidative stress in people with cystic fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Redox Biol 2020; 32:101436. [PMID: 32044291 PMCID: PMC7264436 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis (CF). This review aimed to quantify CF-related redox imbalances. Methods Systematic searches of the Medline, CINAHL, CENTRAL and PsycINFO databases were conducted. Mean content of blood biomarkers from people with clinically-stable CF and non-CF controls were used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results Forty-nine studies were eligible for this review including a total of 1792 people with CF and 1675 controls. Meta-analysis revealed that protein carbonyls (SMD: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.48 to 1.77), total F2-isoprostane 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (SMD: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.23 to 1.05) and malondialdehyde (SMD: 1.34, 95% CI: 0.30 to 2.39) were significantly higher, and vitamins A (SMD: −0.66, 95% CI -1.14 to −0.17) and E (SMD: −0.74, 95% CI: −1.28 to −0.20), β-carotene (SMD: −1.80, 95% CI: −2.92 to −0.67), lutein (SMD: −1.52, 95% CI: −1.83 to −1.20) and albumin (SMD: −0.98, 95% CI: −1.68 to −0.27) were significantly lower in the plasma or serum of people with CF versus controls. Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis found good evidence for reduced antioxidant capacity and elevated oxidative stress in people with clinically-stable CF. Blood biomarkers of oxidative stress were elevated in stable CF vs non-CF controls. Lipid peroxidation was positively correlated with age and immune cell count in CF. Antioxidants vitamins A & E, β-carotene, lutein and albumin were lower in stable CF. Antioxidants were positively correlated with body mass index and lung function in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Causer
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK; Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Janis K Shute
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Michael H Cummings
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Anthony I Shepherd
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Mathieu Gruet
- Laboratory of Impact of Physical Activity on Health (IAPS), UR n°201723207F, University of Toulon, France
| | - Joseph T Costello
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Stephen Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Martin Lindley
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Clare Pearson
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Gary Connett
- National Institute for Health Research, Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton Children's Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark I Allenby
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Mary P Carroll
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Thomas Daniels
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Zoe L Saynor
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK; Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
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Quercetin Prevents Diastolic Dysfunction Induced by a High-Cholesterol Diet: Role of Oxidative Stress and Bioenergetics in Hyperglycemic Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7239123. [PMID: 29576853 PMCID: PMC5821945 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7239123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Hypercholesterolemia associated with bioenergetic impairment and oxidative stress has not been well characterized in the cardiac function under glycemic control deficiency conditions. This work aimed to determine the cardioprotective effects of quercetin (QUE) against the damage induced by a high-cholesterol (HC) diet in hyperglycemic rats, addressing intracellular antioxidant mechanisms and bioenergetics. Quercetin reduced HC-induced alterations in the lipid profile and glycemia in rats. In addition, QUE attenuated cardiac diastolic dysfunction (increased E:A ratio), prevented cardiac cholesterol accumulation, and reduced the increase in HC-induced myocyte density. Moreover, QUE reduced HC-induced oxidative stress by preventing the decrease in GSH/GSSG ratio, Nrf2 nuclear translocation, HO-1 expression, and antioxidant enzymatic activity. Quercetin also counteracted HC-induced bioenergetic impairment, preventing a reduction in ATP levels and alterations in PGC-1α, UCP2, and PPARγ expression. In conclusion, the mechanisms that support the cardioprotective effect of QUE in rats with HC might be mediated by the upregulation of antioxidant mechanisms and improved bioenergetics on the heart. Targeting bioenergetics with QUE can be used as a pharmacological approach to modulate structural and functional changes of the heart under hypercholesterolemic and hyperglycemic conditions.
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15
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Comparative efficacy of epigallocatechin-3-gallate against H 2O 2-induced ROS in cervical cancer biopsies and HeLa cell lines. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2017; 21:209-212. [PMID: 29180927 PMCID: PMC5701581 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2017.70110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study Antioxidants play an important role in maintaining physiological homeostasis. Recent literature emphasises the potential therapeutic effects of natural antioxidants that play anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects applicable in preventing oxidative stress-induced injury, which characterises their pathogenesis. The goal of this study was to evaluate the protective role of EGCG on the HeLa cell line and cancerous cells. Material and methods The HeLa cell line and cervical cancer biopsies (CCB) were treated with varying doses of antioxidants to determine their effects. Thereafter, hydrogen peroxide (0–10 nM) – an ROS-generating compound – was co-cultured with varying doses of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). The effect of this compound on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was assessed. Result The activity of SOD and GPx was protected significantly in the treatment of EGCG in cervical cancer biopsies and HeLa cell line. Hypothesis It is hypothesised that EGCG has free radical scavenging properties. Conclusions EGCG protected the activity SOD and GPx equally in cervical cancer biopsies (CCB) and HeLa cell line.
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16
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Janocha AJ, Comhair SAA, Basnyat B, Neupane M, Gebremedhin A, Khan A, Ricci KS, Zhang R, Erzurum SC, Beall CM. Antioxidant defense and oxidative damage vary widely among high-altitude residents. Am J Hum Biol 2017; 29. [PMID: 28726295 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People living at high altitude experience unavoidable low oxygen levels (hypoxia). While acute hypoxia causes an increase in oxidative stress and damage despite higher antioxidant activity, the consequences of chronic hypoxia are poorly understood. The aim of the present study is to assess antioxidant activity and oxidative damage in high-altitude natives and upward migrants. METHODS Individuals from two indigenous high-altitude populations (Amhara, n = 39), (Sherpa, n = 34), one multigenerational high-altitude population (Oromo, n = 42), one upward migrant population (Nepali, n = 12), and two low-altitude reference populations (Amhara, n = 29; Oromo, n = 18) provided plasma for measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as a marker of antioxidant capacity, and urine for measurement of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a marker of DNA oxidative damage. RESULTS High-altitude Amhara and Sherpa had the highest SOD activity, while highland Oromo and Nepalis had the lowest among high-altitude populations. High-altitude Amhara had the lowest DNA damage, Sherpa intermediate levels, and high-altitude Oromo had the highest. CONCLUSIONS High-altitude residence alone does not associate with high antioxidant defenses; residence length appears to be influential. The single-generation upward migrant sample had the lowest defense and nearly the highest DNA damage. The two high-altitude resident samples with millennia of residence had higher defenses than the two with multiple or single generations of residence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison J Janocha
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195
| | - Suzy A A Comhair
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195
| | - Buddha Basnyat
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit-Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Amha Gebremedhin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Anam Khan
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195
| | - Kristin S Ricci
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195
| | - Renliang Zhang
- Research Core Services, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195
| | - Serpil C Erzurum
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195.,Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195
| | - Cynthia M Beall
- Department of Anthropology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
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Firat O, Makay O, Yeniay L, Gokce G, Yenisey C, Coker A. Omega-3 fatty acids inhibit oxidative stress in a rat model of liver regeneration. Ann Surg Treat Res 2017; 93:1-10. [PMID: 28706885 PMCID: PMC5507785 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2017.93.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lipid peroxidation and consequent reactive oxygen species in the setting of oxidative stress have crucial roles in liver regeneration, which may adversely affect the regeneration itself and lead to liver failure. The aim of the current study is to investigate whether omega-3 fatty acid supplementation inhibits oxidative stress in an experimental model of liver regeneration. Methods Forty rats were allocated to four groups. Rats in group A received a sham operation. Rats in group B were subjected to right portal vein ligation (RPVL) and saline infusion. Rats in groups C and D were subjected to RPVL and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with an all-in-one admixture containing a soybean oil based lipid emulsion. Rats in group D were additionally supplemented with omega-3 fatty acid infusion. Oxidative stresses in the blood and liver were measured by glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide. Results Omega-3 supplementation to the TPN solution significantly corrected alterations in the blood and tissue concentrations of oxidants and anti-oxidants during regeneration (P < 0.05). Conclusion Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to the TPN solution revealed promising results in removal of oxidative stress that emerges during liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Firat
- Department of General Surgery, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozer Makay
- Department of General Surgery, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Levent Yeniay
- Department of General Surgery, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Goksel Gokce
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Yenisey
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Adnan Menderes University Hospital, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Coker
- Department of General Surgery, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Revelli A, Canosa S, Bergandi L, Skorokhod OA, Biasoni V, Carosso A, Bertagna A, Maule M, Aldieri E, D’Eufemia MD, Evangelista F, Colacurci N, Benedetto C. Oocyte polarized light microscopy, assay of specific follicular fluid metabolites, and gene expression in cumulus cells as different approaches to predict fertilization efficiency after ICSI. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2017; 15:47. [PMID: 28645283 PMCID: PMC5481970 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-017-0265-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex relationship between oocyte morphology, specific follicular fluid metabolites, gene expression in cumulus granulosa cells, and oocyte competence toward fertilization and embryo development still needs further clarification. METHODS Forty-six oocytes retrieved from the largest pre-ovulatory follicle of patients undergoing intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were considered assessing: (a) oocyte morphological characteristics at polarized light microscopy (PLM), (b) specific follicular fluid (FF) metabolites previously suggested to influence oocyte competence (AMH, markers of redox status and of cytotoxicity), (c) transcription of AMH and AMH type II receptor genes in cumulus cells. Data were analyzed using mono-parametric tests and multivariable logistic analysis in order to correlate morphological and biochemical data with fertilization. RESULTS Comparing normally fertilized oocytes (n = 29, F group) with unfertilized (n = 17, nF group) we observed that: (a) the meiotic spindle area and major axis were significantly higher in nF group and in fertilized oocytes undergoing an early embryo development arrest; (b) AMH level in FF was comparable in F and nF groups; (c) the FF of nF group contained significantly higher levels of cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase) and oxidative stress (Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase, catalase, 4-hydroxynonenal-protein conjugates) markers; (d) cumulus cells of nF group showed significantly higher AMH receptor type II gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these observations suggest that an excessive cytotoxicity level can alter AMH signal transduction within cumulus cells, in turn leading to partial inhibition of aromatase activity, altered cytoplasmic maturation and increased oxidative stress, factors able to impair oocyte fertilization competence and embryo growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Revelli
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, S. Anna Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Canosa
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, S. Anna Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Loredana Bergandi
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Oleksii A. Skorokhod
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Biasoni
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, S. Anna Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Carosso
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, S. Anna Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Angela Bertagna
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Milena Maule
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Department of Medical Sciences, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Aldieri
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Diletta D’Eufemia
- 0000 0001 2200 8888grid.9841.4Department of Woman, Child, General and Special Surgery, Second University of Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Evangelista
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, S. Anna Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Nicola Colacurci
- 0000 0001 2200 8888grid.9841.4Department of Woman, Child, General and Special Surgery, Second University of Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Benedetto
- 0000 0001 2336 6580grid.7605.4Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, S. Anna Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Nitric oxide: A new possible biomarker in heart failure? Relationship with pulmonary hypertension secondary to left heart failure. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2017; 29:120-126. [PMID: 28389034 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a growing medical problem and it is of interest to study new biomarkers for better characterisation. In this sense, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species (ROS), NADPH, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated, along with their possible predictive value in patients with HF. An analysis was also performed on the potential differences between patients with and without secondary pulmonary hypertension (SPH), considered to have a worse prognosis. A significant decrease of nitric oxide and SOD was noted in HF, whereas ROS and NADPH were increased. These results agree with the pathophysiological changes characteristic of HF. It was also demonstrated that in patients with HF and SPH that nitric oxide and SOD were decreased when compared to HF without SPH, whereas ROS and NADPH were increased. Therefore, our results suggest that nitric oxide, ROS, NADPH, and SOD, could be considered as possible markers in HF, and could also characterise patients with SPH.
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El-Saad AMA, Kheirallah DA, El-Samad LM. Biochemical and histological biomarkers in the midgut of Apis mellifera from polluted environment at Beheira Governorate, Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3181-3193. [PMID: 27864738 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of organophosphorus (OP) pollutants on oxidative stress and ultrastructural biomarkers in the midgut of the honeybee Apis mellifera collected from three locations that differ in their extent of spraying load with OP insecticides: a weakly anthropised rural site, Bolin which is considered as a reference site; moderately spraying site, El Kaza; and a strongly anthropised urban site, Tiba with a long history of pesticide use. Results showed that high concentrations of chlorpyrifos, malathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and pirimiphos-methyl were detected in midgut at locations with extensive pesticide spraying. Reduced glutathione content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase displayed lowest activities in the heavily sprayed location (Tiba). Lipid peroxidation level in the midgut of honeybees in the sprayed locations was found to be significantly higher compared to the reference values. Meanwhile, various ultrastructural abnormalities were observed in the epithelial cells of midgut of honeybees collected from El Kaza and Tiba, included confluent and disorganized microvilli and destruction of their brush border, the cytoplasm with large vacuoles and alteration of cytoplasmic organelles including the presence of swollen mitochondria with lysis of matrices, disruption of limiting membranes, and disintegration of cristae. The nuclei with indented nuclear envelope and disorganized chromatin were observed. These investigated biomarkers indicated that the surveyed honeybees are being under stressful environmental conditions. So, we suggest using those biomarkers in the assessment of environmental quality using honeybees in future monitoring of ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Abu El-Saad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dammam University, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dalia A Kheirallah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Lamia M El-Samad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
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Rodrigo R, Trujillo S, Bosco C. Biochemical and Ultrastructural Lung Damage Induced by Rhabdomyolysis in the Rat. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 231:1430-8. [PMID: 16946412 DOI: 10.1177/153537020623100817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyolysis-induced oxidative stress is associated with morphological and functional damage to the kidney and other organs, but applications of this model in the lung are still lacking. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between oxidative stress and the morphological changes occurring in the lungs of rats subjected to rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis was induced by intramuscular glycerol injection (50% v/v, 10 ml/kg), and the control group was injected with saline vehicle. Arterial blood samples were drawn at 0, 2, 4, and 6 hrs for measurement of arterial gases, creatine kinase activity, and plasma free F2-isoprostane levels. Six hours later, the lungs were removed to determine the wet-to-dry weight ratio, reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH disulfide (GSSG) levels, and activity of antioxidant enzymes (cataiase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and GSH peroxidase [GSH-Px]). Protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the lungs by measurement of carbonyl and malondialdehyde (MDA) production, respectively. Bronchoalveolar lavage, cell counts, and lung ultrastructural studies were also performed. Six hours after glycerol injection, arterial PO2 and PCO2 were 23% and 38% lower, respectively, and plasma free F2-isoprostane levels were 72% higher, compared with control values. In lungs, protein carbonyl and MDA production were 58% and 12% higher, respectively; the GSH:GSSG ratio and GSH-Px activity were 43% and 60% lower, respectively; and activities of CAT and SOD showed no significant differences compared with controls. Rhabdomyolysis-induced ultrastructural impairment of the lung showed Type II cell damage, extracytoplasmic lamellar bodies and lack of tubular myelin reorganization, endothelial cellular edema, and no disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier. These results provide evidence that rhabdomyolysis could induce tissue injury associated with increased oxidative stress, suggesting the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathogenic mechanism of acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla 70058, Santiago 7, Chile.
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Abreu FF, Souza ACA, Teixeira SA, Soares AG, Teixeira DF, Soares RC, Santana MT, Lauton Santos S, Costa SKP, Muscará MN, Camargo EA. Elucidating the role of oxidative stress in the therapeutic effect of rutin on experimental acute pancreatitis. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:1350-1360. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1247494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simone Aparecida Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio Garcia Soares
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Lauton Santos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Soraia Kátia Pereira Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nicolas Muscará
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Kadikoylu G, Bolaman Z, Demir S, Balkaya M, Akalin N, Enli Y. The effects of desferrioxamine on cisplatininduced lipid peroxidation and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in rat kidneys. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 23:29-34. [PMID: 15027813 DOI: 10.1191/0960327104ht413oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with an increase in lipid peroxidation and oxygen free radicals in rat kidneys. In this study, the effects of desferrioxamine were compared to vitamin C and E on cisplatin-induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in rat kidneys. Rats were divided into five groups, with 15 Wistar rats in each group. In the control group, rats received 1 mL/100 g isotonic saline solution intraperitoneally (i.p.). In Group II, 10 mg/kg cisplatin i.p. was injected to rats. Thirty minutes before the same dosage of cisplatin administration, 100 mg/kg i.p. vitamin C or E was given to rats in groups III and IV, respectively. Rats in Group V received 250 mg/kg desferrioxamine i.p., before the same dose of cisplatin administration. All rats were killed by cervical dislocation after 72 hours. The kidneys were immediately removed and washed in cold saline. Spectrophotometric method was used for all analyses. While catalase, glutathione reductase (GR), and super oxide dismutase (SOD) levels were found to be significantly decreased (P B < 0.001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (P < 0.001) levels were significantly increased in the cisplatin group when compared to the controls. MDA levels were decreased by desferrioxamine (P < 0.005) as well as vitamin C and E (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). These three compounds induced a significant increase in SOD levels (P B < 0.05), but only in the vitamin C group, were SOD levels not significantly different than the levels of the controls (P > 0.05). In the desferrioxamine (P < 0.05), vitamin C and E groups (P < 0.001 for both), the cisplatin elevated H2O2 levels were decreased. None of these drugs had any effect on GR and catalase levels (P > 0.05). Desferrioxamine is useful to prevent cisplatin-induced lipid peroxidation, however, vitamin C and E are more effective on antioxidant enzymes than desferrioxamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kadikoylu
- Adnan Menderes University, Medical Faculty, Division of Hematology, Aydin, Turkey.
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24
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Farías JG, Carrasco-Pozo C, Carrasco Loza R, Sepúlveda N, Álvarez P, Quezada M, Quiñones J, Molina V, Castillo RL. Polyunsaturated fatty acid induces cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion through the inhibition of NF-kappaB and induction of Nrf2. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:1104-1114. [PMID: 27190274 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216649263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic evidence to support the cardioprotective effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are controversial. The aim was to test cardioprotective mechanisms induced by PUFA supplementation against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Ten-week-old male Wistar rats (225 ± 14 g, n = 14) were divided in two groups: rats without supplementation ( n = 7) and a PUFA group, supplemented by PUFA (0.6 g/kg/day; DHA:EPA = 3:1) for eight weeks ( n = 7). Hearts were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer for 20 min (control conditions); others were subjected to control conditions, 30 min of global ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion (IR group). Infarct size (IS) and left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) were measured at 120 min of reperfusion. Oxidative stress biomarkers (TBARS, total carbonyls), antioxidant status (CAT, catalase; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase activity and GSH/GSSG ratio), myeloperoxidase activity, ATP levels and nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) were determined in both experimental conditions. At the end of reperfusion, hearts supplemented with PUFA showed lower IS and a higher LVDP compared with the nonsupplemented rats. Hearts in the group supplemented with PUFA showed lower levels of oxidative stress markers and higher antioxidant activity, decreased MPO activity and NF-κB and Nrf2 activation compared with the nonsupplemented group. Cardioprotective effects of PUFA are exerted through induction of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanism at tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge G Farías
- 1 Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Catalina Carrasco-Pozo
- 2 Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Carrasco Loza
- 3 Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina Oriente, Hospital del Salvador, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile
| | - Néstor Sepúlveda
- 4 Laboratorio de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Pedro Álvarez
- 5 Servicio Anestesiología, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Mauricio Quezada
- 6 Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago 7501015, Chile.,7 Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - John Quiñones
- 4 Laboratorio de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Víctor Molina
- 8 Hospital de Niños, Roberto del Río, Santiago 8380418, Chile
| | - Rodrigo L Castillo
- 7 Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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Molecular mechanisms of gastrointestinal protection by quercetin against indomethacin-induced damage: role of NF-κB and Nrf2. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 27:289-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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26
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Sun F, Shao X, Li Z. Access to indenofurans and indenopyridines via annulation of heterocyclic ketene aminals, o-phthalaldehyde and cyclic 1,3-diketones. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23393c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Access of indenofurans and indenopyridines through a one pot, three-component protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
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27
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Alimba CG, Onajole AI, Bakare AA. Brain dysfunctions in Wistar rats exposed to municipal landfill leachates. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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28
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Fraile-Bermúdez A, Kortajarena M, Zarrazquin I, Maquibar A, Yanguas J, Sánchez-Fernández C, Gil J, Irazusta A, Ruiz-Litago F. Relationship between physical activity and markers of oxidative stress in independent community-living elderly individuals. Exp Gerontol 2015; 70:26-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, a microbiota-derived metabolite of quercetin, protects against pancreatic β-cells dysfunction induced by high cholesterol. Exp Cell Res 2015; 334:270-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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30
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Melatonin use for neuroprotection in perinatal asphyxia: a randomized controlled pilot study. J Perinatol 2015; 35:186-91. [PMID: 25393080 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2014.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Melatonin has been shown to be neuroprotective in animal models. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of melatonin on clinical, biochemical, neurophysiological and radiological outcomes of neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). STUDY DESIGN We conducted a prospective trial on 45 newborns, 30 with HIE and 15 healthy controls. HIE infants were randomized into: hypothermia group (N=15; received 72-h whole-body cooling) and melatonin/hypothermia group (N=15; received hypothermia and five daily enteral doses of melatonin 10 mg kg(-1)). Serum melatonin, plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) and serum nitric oxide (NO) were measured at enrollment for all infants (N=45) and at 5 days for the HIE groups (N=30). In addition to electroencephalography (EEG) at enrollment, all surviving HIE infants were studied with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and repeated EEG at 2 weeks of life. Neurologic evaluations and Denver Developmental Screening Test II were performed at 6 months. RESULT Compared with healthy neonates, the two HIE groups had increased melatonin, SOD and NO. At enrollment, the two HIE groups did not differ in clinical, laboratory or EEG findings. At 5 days, the melatonin/hypothermia group had greater increase in melatonin (P<0.001) and decline in NO (P<0.001), but less decline in SOD (P=0.004). The melatonin/hypothermia group had fewer seizures on follow-up EEG and less white matter abnormalities on MRI. At 6 months, the melatonin/hypothermia group had improved survival without neurological or developmental abnormalities (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Early administration of melatonin to asphyxiated term neonates is feasible and may ameliorate brain injury.
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Castillo RL, Zepeda AB, Short SE, Figueroa E, Bustos-Obregon E, Farías JG. Protective effects of polyunsatutared fatty acids supplementation against testicular damage induced by intermittent hypobaric hypoxia in rats. J Biomed Sci 2015; 22:8. [PMID: 25613908 PMCID: PMC4307138 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-015-0112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) induces changes in the redox status and structure in rat testis. These effects may be present in people at high altitudes, such as athletes and miners. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can be effective in counteracting these oxidative modifications due to their antioxidants properties. The aim of the work was to test whether PUFA supplementation attenuates oxidative damage in testis by reinforcing the antioxidant defense system. The animals were divided into four groups (7 rats per group): normobaric normoxia (~750 tor; pO2 156 mmHg; Nx); Nx + PUFA, supplemented with PUFA (DHA: EPA = 3:1; 0.3 g kg(-1) of body weight per day); hypoxic hypoxia (~428 tor; pO2 90 mmHg; Hx) and, Hx + PUFA. The hypoxic groups were exposed in 4 cycles to 96 h of HH followed by 96 h of normobaric normoxia for 32 days. Total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) in plasma and reduced (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio, tissue lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and antioxidant enzymes activity were assessed at the end of the study in testis. Also, SIRTUIN 1 and HIF-1 protein expression in testis were determined. RESULTS IHH increased lipid peroxidation in plasma and HIF-1 protein levels in testis. In addition, IHH reduced FRAP levels in plasma, antioxidant enzymes activities and SIRTUIN 1 protein levels in testis. PUFA supplementation attenuated these effects, inducing the increases in FRAP, in the antioxidant enzymes activity and HIF-1 levels. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the IHH model induces a prooxidant status in plasma and testis. The molecular protective effect of PUFA may involve the induction of an antioxidant mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo L Castillo
- Pathophysiology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Andrea B Zepeda
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile. .,Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580 - Bloco 16, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil.
| | - Stefania E Short
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Elías Figueroa
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile. .,School of Aquaculture, Catholic University of Temuco, Faculty of Natural Resources, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Bustos-Obregon
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Jorge G Farías
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
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Renuga Devi TS, Sharmi kumar J, Ramkumaar GR. DFT simulations and vibrational spectra of 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 133:214-222. [PMID: 24945862 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The FTIR and FT-Raman spectra of 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol were recorded in the regions 4000-400cm(-1) and 4000-50cm(-1) respectively. The structural and spectroscopic data of the molecule in the ground state were calculated using Hartee-Fock and density functional method (B3LYP) with the augmented-correlation consistent-polarized valence double zeta (aug-cc-pVDZ) basis set. The most stable conformer was optimized and the structural and vibrational parameters were determined based on this. The complete assignments were performed on the basis of the Potential Energy Distribution (PED) of the vibrational modes, calculated using Vibrational Energy Distribution Analysis (VEDA) 4 program. With the observed FTIR and FT-Raman data, a complete vibrational assignment and analysis of the fundamental modes of the compound were carried out. Thermodynamic properties and Mulliken charges were calculated using both Hartee-Fock and density functional method using the aug-cc-pVDZ basis set and compared. The calculated HOMO-LUMO energy gap revealed that charge transfer occurs within the molecule. (1)H and (13)C NMR chemical shifts of the molecule were calculated using Gauge-Independent Atomic Orbital (GIAO) method and were compared with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Renuga Devi
- Department of Physics, Women's Christian College, College Road, Chennai 600006, TN, India.
| | - J Sharmi kumar
- P.G. Department of Physics, Women's Christian College, College Road, Chennai 600006, TN, India; Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem 636011, TN, India
| | - G R Ramkumaar
- Department of Physics, C. Kandaswami Naidu College for Men in Anna Nagar East, Chennai 600102, TN, India
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González-Guardia L, Yubero-Serrano EM, Rangel-Zuñiga O, Marin C, Camargo A, Pérez-Martínez P, Delgado-Lista J, Gómez-Delgado F, Garcia-Rios A, Tinahones FJ, Roche HM, Pérez-Jiménez F, López-Miranda J. Influence of endothelial dysfunction on telomere length in subjects with metabolic syndrome: LIPGENE study. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 36:9681. [PMID: 25012274 PMCID: PMC4150903 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9681-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous evidences support that increased oxidative stress (OxS) may play an important role in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and both are closely linked to vascular dysfunction. This study determined whether there is a relationship between endothelial function and relative telomere length (RTL) in MetS subjects. In this cross-sectional study from the LIPGENE cohort, a total of 88 subjects (36 men and 52 women) were divided into four groups by quartiles of telomere length. We measured ischemic reactive hyperemia (IRH), total nitrite (NO) and protein carbonyl (PC) plasma levels, F2-isoprostanes urinary levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) plasma activities. IRH and NO plasma levels were higher in subjects with longer RTL (quartiles 3 and 4), while PC plasma levels, F2-isoprostanes urinary levels, and GPx and SOD plasma activities were lower in quartile 4 subjects (longest RTL). Additionally, MetS subjects with longer RTL had greater homeostatic model assessment-β level and lower triglycerides plasma levels. Our results suggest that endothelial dysfunction, associated with high levels of OxS, could be entailed in an increment of telomere attrition. Thus, further support of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in vascular dysfunction may contribute to the development of strategies to decelerate vascular aging or prevent cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena González-Guardia
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena María Yubero-Serrano
- />Division of Experimental Diabetes and Aging, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Oriol Rangel-Zuñiga
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Marin
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Camargo
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Pérez-Martínez
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Gómez-Delgado
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Rios
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- />Biomedical Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Department, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain
| | - Helen M. Roche
- />Nutrigenomics Research Group, School of Public Health and Population Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francisco Pérez-Jiménez
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Ahn N, Kim K. The influence of obesity and ambient temperature on physiological and oxidative responses to submaximal exercise. Biol Sport 2014; 31:139-44. [PMID: 24899779 PMCID: PMC4042661 DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1097482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of obesity and ambient temperature on physiological responses and markers of oxidative stress to submaximal exercise in obese and lean people. Sixteen healthy males were divided into an obese group (n=8, %fat: 27.00±3.00%) and a lean group (n=8, %fat: 13.85±2.45%). Study variables were measured during a 60 min submaximal exercise test at 60% VO2max in a neutral (21±1°C) and a cold (4±1°C) environment. Heart rate, blood lactate, rectal temperature, serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured at rest, during exercise and in recovery. Heart rate of both groups was significantly lower (P<0.05) in the cold than the warm environment, but there were no significant differences between the two groups. Serum SOD activity increased to a significantly greater extent (P<0.05) in the cold than the neutral environment, and remained elevated for longer during exercise in the obese group than the lean group. Serum MDA level during submaximal exercise was not significantly different between conditions or groups. Cold stress in exercise may challenge antioxidant defence mechanisms in obese subjects, but lipid peroxidation remains unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ahn
- Department of Leisure and Sports Studies, College of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - K Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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El-Shabrawi MH, Kamal NM, Halawa FA, El-Guindi MA, Sobhy GA. Serum superoxide dismutase activity in acute and chronic paediatric liver diseases. Arab J Gastroenterol 2014; 15:72-5. [PMID: 25097050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Measuring serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in infants and children having acute or chronic liver disease of different aetiologies, and correlating these levels with disease aetiology in an attempt to clarify the role of SOD as an antioxidant in these diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS We prospectively enrolled 58 infants and children and divided them into four groups: Group I, 24 patients with surgical cholestasis; group II, 11 patients with medical cholestasis; group III, nine patients with autoimmune chronic hepatitis; and group IV, 14 patients with viral hepatitis. Forty healthy age- and sex-matched children served as controls. Serum SOD activity was measured in all patients and controls using spectrophotometry. RESULTS The level of SOD showed a statistically significant increase in patients with medical cholestasis compared to healthy controls (p<0.0001). SOD activity of other groups showed no significant difference compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Significantly increased serum SOD in infants and children with medical cholestasis is probably consequent to its increase in liver tissue in response to the liberation of reactive oxygen species. This suggests that products of free radical reactions might be involved in the pathogenesis and/or progression of medical cholestasis, and that SOD might attempt to minimise the liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naglaa Mohamed Kamal
- Paediatric Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Fawzi A Halawa
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Guindi
- Paediatric Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufya University, Menoufya, Egypt
| | - Gihan Ahmed Sobhy
- Paediatric Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufya University, Menoufya, Egypt
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Yao X, Wigginton JG, Maass DL, Ma L, Carlson D, Wolf SE, Minei JP, Zang QS. Estrogen-provided cardiac protection following burn trauma is mediated through a reduction in mitochondria-derived DAMPs. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H882-94. [PMID: 24464748 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00475.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria-derived danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) play important roles in sterile inflammation after acute injuries. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that 17β-estradiol protects the heart via suppressing myocardial mitochondrial DAMPs after burn injury using an animal model. Sprague-Dawley rats were given a third-degree scald burn comprising 40% total body surface area (TBSA). 17β-Estradiol, 0.5 mg/kg, or control vehicle was administered subcutaneously 15 min following burn. The heart was harvested 24 h postburn. Estradiol showed significant inhibition on the productivity of H2O2 and oxidation of lipid molecules in the mitochondria. Estradiol increased mitochondrial antioxidant defense via enhancing the activities and expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Estradiol also protected mitochondrial respiratory function and structural integrity. In parallel, estradiol remarkably decreased burn-induced release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into cytoplasm. Further, estradiol inhibited myocardial apoptosis, shown by its suppression on DNA laddering and downregulation of caspase 1 and caspase 3. Estradiol's anti-inflammatory effect was demonstrated by reduction in systemic and cardiac cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), decrease in NF-κB activation, and attenuation of the expression of inflammasome component ASC in the heart of burned rats. Estradiol-provided cardiac protection was shown by reduction in myocardial injury marker troponin-I, amendment of heart morphology, and improvement of cardiac contractility after burn injury. Together, these data suggest that postburn administration of 17β-estradiol protects the heart via an effective control over the generation of mitochondrial DAMPs (mtROS, cytochrome c, and mtDNA) that incite cardiac apoptosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yao
- Departments of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Shahin AA, Esmat SM, Shaker OG, Moustafa HA. Role of the free radical release process in the pathogenesis of morphea in contrast to systemic sclerosis. Mod Rheumatol 2014; 11:321-7. [DOI: 10.3109/s10165-001-8063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Mostafa RM, Moustafa YM, Mirghani Z, AlKusayer GM, Moustafa KM. Antioxidant effect of garlic (Allium sativum) and black seeds (Nigella sativa) in healthy postmenopausal women. SAGE Open Med 2013; 1:2050312113517501. [PMID: 26770698 PMCID: PMC4687760 DOI: 10.1177/2050312113517501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the antioxidant effects of garlic extract and crude black seeds’ consumption on blood oxidant/antioxidant levels in healthy postmenopausal women. Methods: In total, 30 healthy postmenopausal women (mean age = 50.31 ± 4.23 years) participated. They ingested two garlic soft gels per day (each is equivalent to 1000 mg of fresh garlic bulb) and crude black seed grounded to powder in a dose of 3 g/day for 8 weeks. Oxidant (malondialdehyde) activity in plasma and antioxidants superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in erythrocytes were studied. Results: Significant low levels of plasma malondialdehyde with increased erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. Discussion: Menopause is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and a decrease in some antioxidant parameters. Consumption of garlic extracts and crude black seeds may have a beneficial effect on improved balance between blood oxidants and antioxidants in healthy postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa M Mostafa
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Zien Mirghani
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghader M AlKusayer
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kareem M Moustafa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Sharjah University, United Arab Emirates
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Abdel-Moneim AM, Essawy AE, El-Din NKB, El-Naggar NM. Biochemical and histopathological changes in liver of the Nile tilapia from Egyptian polluted lakes. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 32:457-67. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233713503374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of environmental contamination on oxidative stress and histopathologic biomarkers in liver of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, collected from four sites that differ in their extent of pollution load, including heavy metals: the southeast basin (SEB), main basin (MB), and northwest basin (NWB) of Lake Mariut as well as Boughaz El-Maadiya, a channel in Lake Edku. The SEB was the less-impacted site, and thus considered as a reference. High concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, copper, iron, lead, zinc, and manganese) were detected in fish liver at sites with anthropogenic pressure. All biomarkers, lipid peroxidation (in the MB, NWB, and Lake Edku), superoxide dismutase (in the MB and NWB), and glutathione peroxidase, and reduced glutathione (in the NWB) were found to be significantly higher compared to the reference values. Catalase, glutathione reductase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase showed a varied response and displayed significantly lower activities in the polluted sites. Certain hepatic lesions, detected microscopically, were stimulated in fish from the MB and NWB, reflecting the high contamination of these areas. These included foci of necrosis, melanomacrophage infiltration, congestion, nuclear pyknosis, and extensive vacuolation corresponding to relatively higher lipid content. Overall, our results suggest that the selected biomarkers are useful for the assessment of pollution impacts in natural aquatic environments influenced by multiple pollution sources. The existence of chronic background pollution of the test sites implies that the observed biomarker responses cannot be solely attributed to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf M Abdel-Moneim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amina E Essawy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences for Girls, Um Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nahed M El-Naggar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Home Economics, King Khalid University, Jedda, Saudi Arabia
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Efficient [4+1]/[3+2+1] bis-cyclizations stereoselectively yielding unprecedented polyacyclic indeno-fused xanthenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Pieszka M, Tombarkiewicz B, Roman A, Migdał W, Niedziółka J. Effect of bioactive substances found in rapeseed, raspberry and strawberry seed oils on blood lipid profile and selected parameters of oxidative status in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 36:1055-1062. [PMID: 24121557 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed, strawberry and raspberry seed oils are a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants such as tocols, bioflavonoids and phytosterols. The aim of the study was to determine changes in the blood lipid profile of rats fed with rapeseed, strawberry and raspberry seed oils and their effects on selected parameters of oxidative status. The experiment was carried out on male Wistar rats. The oils were administered by oral gavage for 5 weeks once daily at the dose of about 0.8 ml per rat. Blood samples were taken before and after supplementation period. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (cGPx) was assessed in erythrocytes and contents of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, low-density fraction of cholesterol (LDL) and high-density fraction of cholesterol (HDL) were assessed in plasma. The experiment shows that oils supplemented in the diet for 5 weeks had no significant effect on the level of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol as well as HDL and LDL fractions. Reduced activity of cGPX and SOD in the group of rats receiving raspberry and strawberry seed oils suggests that these native oils may contribute to oxidative stability (improves antioxidant status). Thus, strawberry and raspberry seed oils can be considered as special biological oils, which constitute potential nutraceuticals reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pieszka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland.
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Castillo RL, Arias C, Farías JG. Omega 3 chronic supplementation attenuates myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury through reinforcement of antioxidant defense system in rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2013; 32:274-81. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo L. Castillo
- Pathophysiology Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Consuelo Arias
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Universidad de la Frontera; Temuco Chile
| | - Jorge G. Farías
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias; Universidad de la Frontera; Temuco Chile
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43
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Jones SA, McArdle A, McArdle F, Jack CIA, Jackson MJ. Lack of protection of prior heat shock against UV-induced oxidative stress in human skin fibroblasts. Redox Rep 2013; 8:199-204. [PMID: 14599343 DOI: 10.1179/135100003225002691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of prior hyperthermia on UV-induced oxidative stress was studied in human skin fibroblasts. UV radiation alone induced an increased release of superoxide anions and increased lipid peroxidation in skin fibroblasts accompanied by a rise in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. Hyperthermia was found to induce a significant rise in the cell content of heat-shock proteins, HSP60 and HSP70, but this treatment prior to UV radiation did not influence any indicators of oxidative stress in the fibroblasts. In contrast, the combination of heat shock prior to UV-exposure reduced fibroblast cell viability compared with UV radiation-exposure alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A Jones
- Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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44
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Kawasaki I, Suzuki Y, Yanagisawa H. Zinc deficiency enhances the induction of micronuclei and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine via superoxide radical in bone marrow of zinc-deficient rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 154:120-6. [PMID: 23712836 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine whether zinc (Zn) deficiency augmented the frequency of micronuclei, an indicator of chromosome aberration, and the induction of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of cellular DNA damage derived from oxidative stress, in rat bone marrow cells or not. Both the frequency of micronuclei and the induction of 8-OHdG were significantly increased in rats fed with a Zn-deficient versus a standard diet for 6 weeks (p < 0.005). The supplementation of Zn with a standard diet for 4 weeks to rats fed with a Zn-deficient diet for 6 weeks restored the enhanced induction of micronuclei and 8-OHdG to levels comparable to those seen in rats fed with a standard diet for 10 weeks, indicating that the shortage of Zn in the body is involved in the induction of micronuclei and 8-OHdG. Again, the membrane-permeable superoxide dismutase mimetic superoxide scavenger, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, treatment (100 μmol/kg, twice a day) for 10 days prior to the termination of dietary treatment reduced the induction of micronuclei and 8-OHdG in rats fed with a Zn-deficient diet for 6 weeks to levels comparable to those in rats fed with a standard diet for 6 weeks, indicating that superoxide radical participates in the induction of micronuclei and 8-OHdG. In fact, the endogenous superoxide scavenger, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, was significantly reduced in the bone marrow cells of rats fed with a Zn-deficient diet for 6 weeks when compared to those of rats fed with a standard diet for 6 weeks (p < 0.005). These observations demonstrate that Zn deficiency elevates the frequency of micronuclei and the induction of 8-OHdG through an increase in the biological action of the superoxide radical. This suggests an increase in carcinogenic initiation resulting from Zn deficiency-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kawasaki
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
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Oxidative stress is associated with the number of components of metabolic syndrome: LIPGENE study. Exp Mol Med 2013; 45:e28. [PMID: 23788131 PMCID: PMC3701288 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2013.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous evidence supports the important role that oxidative stress (OxS) plays in metabolic syndrome (MetS)-related manifestations. We determined the relationship between the number of MetS components and the degree of OxS in MetS patients. In this comparative cross-sectional study from the LIPGENE cohort, a total of 91 MetS patients (43 men and 48 women; aged between 45 and 68 years) were divided into four groups based on the number of MetS components: subjects with 2, 3, 4 and 5 MetS components (n=20, 31, 28 and 12, respectively). We measured ischemic reactive hyperemia (IRH), plasma levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), total nitrite, lipid peroxidation products (LPO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) plasma activities. sVCAM-1, H2O2 and LPO levels were lower in subjects with 2 or 3 MetS components than subjects with 4 or 5 MetS components. IRH and total nitrite levels were higher in subjects with 2 or 3 MetS components than subjects with 4 or 5 MetS components. SOD and GPx activities were lower in subjects with 2 MetS components than subjects with 4 or 5 MetS components. Waist circumference, weight, age, homeostatic model assessment-β, triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein and sVCAM-1 levels were significantly correlated with SOD activity. MetS subjects with more MetS components may have a higher OxS level. Furthermore, association between SOD activity and MetS components may indicate that this variable could be the most relevant OxS biomarker in patients suffering from MetS and could be used as a predictive tool to determine the degree of the underlying OxS in MetS.
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Lee JK, Ko SH, Ye SK, Chung MH. 8-Oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine ameliorates UVB-induced skin damage in hairless mice by scavenging reactive oxygen species and inhibiting MMP expression. J Dermatol Sci 2013; 70:49-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Fujita K, Yoshimoto N, Kato T, Imada H, Matsumoto G, Inakuma T, Nagata Y, Miyachi E. Lycopene inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal apoptosis in gerbil hippocampal tissue. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:461-9. [PMID: 23296626 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0952-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant lycopene exhibits antioxidant activity in animal tissues. Transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in Mongolian gerbils resulted in delayed neuronal death in hippocampal regions. We examined the antioxidant effects of lycopene because we expected lycopene to attenuate ischemia-related neuronal damage by controlling apoptosis at the gene level. The gerbils were divided into two groups: the normal feeding (control) group that received normal market food (MF) and the lycopene group that received MF containing lycopene (5 mg in 100 g MF food). After 1.5-2.0 months (when body weight were 60-65 g), the lycopene level was 38.2 ± 17.6 ng/ml in serum and 11.9 ± 4.0 μg/g-wet weight tissue in the liver. Levels of B cell leukemia-2, an apoptosis-suppressing protein, decreased in control animal brains 1, 3, and 7 days after surgery, whereas the levels increased in lycopene-treated animal brains. Moreover, cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-3 activity increased gradually after ischemia, but was suppressed in the lycopene-treated animal brains 7 days after surgery. Finally, hippocampal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased in the control group 3 h after ischemia and, gradually increased thereafter, whereas it was significantly elevated in the lycopene group. Thus, orally administered lycopene is accumulated in the body, and provided protections against ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury by inducing an increase in SOD activity and inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimikazu Fujita
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
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Ruiz-Litago F, Seco J, Echevarría E, Martínez-Cengotitabengoa M, Gil J, Irazusta J, González-Pinto AM. Adaptive response in the antioxidant defence system in the course and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia patients: a 12-months follow-up study. Psychiatry Res 2012; 200:218-22. [PMID: 22884309 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Correlation of plasma antioxidant enzyme activity with the course and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia patients (n=49) was analyzed in order to assess the possible utility of peripheral markers of oxidative stress as prognostic factors. These markers were measured shortly after the onset of schizophrenia, and again 1, 6 and 12 months later. A decrease in catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) levels and total antioxidant status (TAS), as well as an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), were observed 1 month after (p<0.05). 6-Months later, there was a reduction in TAS, GSH, SOD and GPx, and a increase in TBARS (p<0.05), with a normalization of CAT levels, indicating a persistent alteration of the antioxidant system and the maintenance of oxidative stress. At 12-months, a considerable decrease was observed in TBARS. Additionally, while the level of GPx decreased (p<0.05) further, SOD and GSH levels and TAS were normalizing, indicating a partial regeneration of the antioxidant defence system. These results indicate the possible contribution of oxidative stress to the onset and pathophysiology of schizophrenia, suggesting the involvement of an adaptive response in the antioxidant defence system in the course and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Ruiz-Litago
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Campus Leioa, Barrio Sarriena, s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
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Antioxidant defense system and family environment in adolescents with family history of psychosis. BMC Psychiatry 2012; 12:200. [PMID: 23158023 PMCID: PMC3539933 DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-12-200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our objective was to determine antioxidant defence activity in healthy controls (HC) and healthy unaffected second-degree relatives of patients with early onset psychosis (HC-FHP), and to assess its relationship with familiar environment measured using the Family Environment Scale (FES). METHODS We included 82 HC and 14 HC-FHP aged between 9 and 17 years. Total antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione levels were determined in blood samples. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in the total antioxidant level in the HC-FHP group compared with the HC group (OR = 2.94; p = 0.009), but no between-group differences in the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale scores. For the FES, the HC-FHP group had significantly higher scores in the cohesion (p = 0.007) and intellectual-cultural dimensions (p=0.025). After adjusting for these two FES dimensions, total antioxidant status remained significantly different between groups (OR = 10.86, p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Although causal relationships cannot be assumed, we can state that family environment is not playing a role in inducing oxidative stress in these healthy subjects. It could be hypothesized that families with affected relatives protect themselves from psychosis with positive environmental factors such as cohesion and intellectual-cultural activities.
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Mahmoud AM, Ashour MB, Abdel-Moneim A, Ahmed OM. Hesperidin and naringin attenuate hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine production in high fat fed/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. J Diabetes Complications 2012; 26:483-90. [PMID: 22809898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal regulation of glucose and impaired carbohydrate utilization that result from a defective or deficient insulin are the key pathogenic events in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study was hypothesized to investigate the beneficial effects of hesperidin and naringin on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative damage in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by feeding rats with an HFD for 2 weeks followed by an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (35 mg/kg body weight). An oral dose of 50mg/kg hesperidin or naringin was daily given for 4 weeks after diabetes induction. At the end of the experimental period, blood was obtained from jugular vein and livers were rapidly excised and homogenized for biochemical assays. In the diabetic control group, levels of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c%), MDA, NO, TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, while serum insulin, GSH, vitamin C, and vitamin E levels were decreased. Both hesperidin and naringin administration significantly reversed these alterations. Moreover, supplementation with either compound significantly ameliorated serum and liver MDA, NO and glutathione, and liver antioxidant enzymes. Although detailed studies are required for the evaluation of the exact mechanism of the ameliorative effects of hesperidin and naringin against diabetic complications, these preliminary experimental findings demonstrate that both hesperidin and naringin exhibit antidiabetic effects in a rat model of T2DM by potentiating the antioxidant defense system and suppressing proinflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
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