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Bhujel B, Oh S, Hur W, Lee S, Chung HS, Lee H, Park JH, Kim JY. Effect of Exposure to Particulate Matter on the Ocular Surface in an Experimental Allergic Eye Disease Mouse Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:498. [PMID: 38790364 PMCID: PMC11118833 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to the escalating concern over the effect of environmental factors on ocular health, this study aimed to investigate the impact of air pollution-associated particulate matter (PM) on ocular allergy and inflammation. C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) topically and aluminum hydroxide via intraperitoneal injection. Two weeks later, the mice were challenged with OVA and exposed to PM. Three groups-naive, OVA, and OVA-sensitized with PM exposure (OVA + PM) groups-were induced to an Allergic Eye disease (AED) model. Parameters including clinical signs, histological changes, inflammatory cell infiltration, serum OVA-specific immunoglobulins E (IgE) levels, mast cells degranulation, cellular apoptosis and T-cell cytokines were studied. The results demonstrate that exposure with PM significantly exacerbates ocular allergy, evidenced by increased eye-lid edema, mast cell degranulation, inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and TNF-α), cell proliferation (Ki67), and serum IgE, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), and apoptosis and reduced goblet cells. These findings elucidate the detrimental impact of PM exposure on exacerbating the severity of AED. Noticeably, diminished goblet cells highlight disruptions in ocular surface integrity, while increased PMN infiltration with an elevated production of IgE signifies a systemic allergic response with inflammation. In conclusion, this study not only scientifically substantiates the association between air pollution, specifically PM, and ocular health, but also underscores the urgency for further exploration and targeted interventions to mitigate the detrimental effects of environmental pollutants on ocular surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Bhujel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ulsan Graduate School, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seheon Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ulsan Graduate School, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojune Hur
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ulsan Graduate School, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seorin Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ulsan Graduate School, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Seok Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Hun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
| | | | - Jae Yong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
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Kimura M, Ando T, Kume Y, Fukase S, Matsuzawa M, Kashiwagi K, Izawa K, Kaitani A, Nakano N, Maeda K, Ogawa H, Okumura K, Nakao S, Murakami A, Ebihara N, Kitaura J. A nerve-goblet cell association promotes allergic conjunctivitis through rapid antigen passage. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e168596. [PMID: 37819721 PMCID: PMC10721269 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.168596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The penetration of allergens through the epithelial layer is the initial step in the development of allergic conjunctivitis. Although pollinosis patients manifest symptoms within minutes after pollen exposure, the mechanisms of the rapid transport of the allergens remain unclear. In the present study, we found that the instillation of pollen shells rapidly induces a large number of goblet cell-associated antigen passages (GAPs) in the conjunctiva. Antigen acquisition by stromal cells, including macrophages and CD11b+ dendritic cells, correlated with surface GAP formation. Furthermore, a substantial amount of antigen was transported to the stroma during the first 10 minutes of pollen exposure, which was sufficient for the full induction of an allergic conjunctivitis mouse model. This inducible, rapid GAP formation and antigen acquisition were suppressed by topical lidocaine or trigeminal nerve ablation, indicating that the sensory nervous system plays an essential role. Interestingly, pollen shell-stimulated GAP formation was not suppressed by topical atropine, suggesting that the conjunctival GAPs and intestinal GAPs are differentially regulated. These results identify pollen shell-induced GAP as a therapeutic target for allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiko Kimura
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology
| | - Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Kume
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology
| | - Saaya Fukase
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology
| | - Moe Matsuzawa
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology
| | - Kosuke Kashiwagi
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, and
| | - Kumi Izawa
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Kaitani
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakano
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Maeda
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Nobuyuki Ebihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Li D, Ou Q, Shen Q, Lu MM, Xu JY, Jin C, Gao F, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Li J, Lu L, Xu GT, Tian H. Subconjunctival injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviates experimental allergic conjunctivitis via regulating T cell response. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:281. [PMID: 37784129 PMCID: PMC10546642 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T helper 2 (Th2) cells are thought to play critical roles in allergic conjunctivitis (AC). They release inflammatory cytokines to promote an allergic response in AC. Due to individual heterogeneity and long-term chronic management, current therapies do not always effectively control AC. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to be effective in treating allergy-related disorders, but it is unclear how exactly the Th2-mediated allergic response is attenuated. This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of the human umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs) in a mouse model of experimental AC (EAC). METHODS A mouse EAC model was established by inoculating short ragweed (SRW) pollen. After the SRW pollen challenge, the mice received a single subconjunctival or tail vein injection of 2 × 106 hUCMSCs, or subconjunctival injection of hUCMSCs conditioned medium (hUCMSC-CM), and dexamethasone eye drops was used as positive control; subsequent scratching behavior and clinical symptoms were assessed. Immunostaining and flow cytometry were carried out to show allergic reactions and the activation of CD4 + T cell subsets in the conjunctiva and cervical lymph nodes (CLNs). Gene expression was determined by RNA-seq and further verified by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Co-culture assays were performed to explore the regulatory role of hUCMSCs in the differentiation of CD4 + naive T cells (Th0) into Th2 cells. RESULTS Subconjunctival administration of hUCMSCs resulted in fewer instances of scratching and lower inflammation scores in EAC mice compared to the tail vein delivery, hUCMSC-CM and control groups. Subconjunctival administration of hUCMSCs reduced the number of activated mast cells and infiltrated eosinophils in the conjunctiva, as well as decreased the number of Th2 cells in CLNs. After pretreatment with EAC mouse serum in vitro to mimic the in vivo milieu, hUCMSCs were able to inhibit the differentiation of Th0 into Th2 cells. Further evidence demonstrated that repression of Th2 cell differentiation by hUCMSCs is mediated by CRISPLD2 through downregulation of STAT6 phosphorylation. Additionally, hUMCSCs were able to promote the differentiation of Th0 cells into regulatory T cells in CLNs of EAC mice. CONCLUSIONS Subconjunctival injection of hUCMSCs suppressed the Th2-allergic response and alleviated clinical symptoms. This study provides not only a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of AC but also other T cell-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Li
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Michael Mingze Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Jing-Ying Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Caixia Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Furong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jieping Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, TUSM, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, TUSM, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Haibin Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, TUSM, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Nagata N, Suzuki T, Takenouchi S, Kobayashi K, Murata T. Alleviation of allergic conjunctivitis by (±)5(6)-dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatetraenoic acid in mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1217397. [PMID: 37822881 PMCID: PMC10562701 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1217397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is a common ophthalmologic disorder that causes symptoms that often reduces a patient's quality of life (QOL). We investigated the effects of the eicosapentaenoic acid metabolite (±)5(6)-dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatetraenoic acid ((±)5(6)-DiHETE) on AC using a mouse model. Methods: BALB/c mice were sensitized with two injections of short ragweed pollen in alum, challenged fifth with pollen in eyedrops. The clinical signs and tear volume were evaluated at 15 min after the final challenge. Histamine-induced ocular inflammation model was prepared by instilling histamine onto the surface of the eye. Fifteen minutes after histamine application, tear volume was measured using the Schirmer tear test. Miles assay was performed to investigate vascular permeability. To cause scratching behavior 10 μg of serotonin was injected in the cheek. Results: Repeated topical application of pollen induced conjunctivitis, accompanied by eyelid edema and tearing in mice. Pollen application typically degranulates mast cells and recruits eosinophils to the conjunctiva. Intraperitoneal administration of 300 μg/kg of (±)5(6)-DiHETE significantly inhibited pollen-induced symptoms. The administration of (±)5(6)-DiHETE also attenuated mast cell degranulation and eosinophil infiltration into the conjunctiva. To assess the effects of (±)5(6)-DiHETE on the downstream pathway of mast cell activation in AC, we used a histamine-induced ocular inflammation model. Topical application of 4 μg/eye histamine caused eyelid edema and tearing and increased vascular permeability, as indicated by Evans blue dye extravasation. Intraperitoneal administration of 300 μg/kg or topical administration of 1 μg/eye (±)5(6)-DiHETE inhibited histamine-induced manifestations. Finally, we assessed the effects of (±)5(6)-DiHETE on itching. An intradermal injection of 10 μg serotonin in the cheek caused scratching behavior in mice. Intraperitoneal administration of 300 μg/kg (±)5(6)-DiHETE significantly inhibited serotonin-induced scratching. Conclusion: Thus, (±)5(6)-DiHETE treatment broadly suppressed AC pathology and could be a novel treatment option for AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanae Nagata
- Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Suzuki
- Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Takenouchi
- Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Kobayashi
- Food and Animal Systemics, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahisa Murata
- Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Food and Animal Systemics, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Kishimoto T, Ishida W, Nakajima I, Fukuda K, Yamashiro K. Aqueous-Deficient Dry Eye Exacerbates Signs and Symptoms of Allergic Conjunctivitis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094918. [PMID: 35563309 PMCID: PMC9099848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) and allergic conjunctivitis affect a large number of patients, and many patients usually have both symptoms. We investigated the interactions between DED and allergic conjunctivitis in mice. Four experimental groups were compared: control, DED, allergy, and allergy with DED. DED was induced by removing the extraorbital lacrimal glands of the mice. Allergic conjunctivitis was induced by intraperitoneal administration of ovalbumin and antigen eye drops. The early phase reaction of the allergy was evaluated using the clinical score, scratching behavior, and vascular permeability in the conjunctiva. Epithelial barrier function was assessed by an LC-biotin assay. Tear fluid volume and corneal fluorescein staining decreased in the DED and allergy with DED groups. LC-biotin penetrated the entire epithelium of both the cornea and conjunctiva in DED mice. The clinical score of the early phase reaction was higher in allergy-induced mice than in non-allergy mice. Edema of the eyelid and conjunctiva were aggravated in mice with DED. The number of scratching episodes and leakage of Evans blue into the conjunctiva were higher in allergy-induced DED mice than in control mice. The presence of aqueous-deficient dry eye caused ocular surface epithelial damage and exacerbated allergic signs and symptoms.
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Chen Y, Lai L, Mo Z, Li X, Su X, Li Y, Leng E, Zhang Y, Li W. Mulberry Leaf Extract Alleviates Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Conjunctivitis in Rabbits via Downregulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Upregulation of the Nrf2 System and Suppression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines. Pharmacology 2022; 107:250-262. [PMID: 35417907 DOI: 10.1159/000523786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, antiatherosclerotic, and anticancer properties. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of mulberry leaf extract (MLE) on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-induced conjunctivitis (5 × 109 colony-forming units, 0.5 mL/eye) in a rabbit model. METHODS Rabbits were treated with MLE (5 mL/kg·d-1 and 10 mL/kg·d-1), 0.9% saline, pearl bright eye (PBE) drops, or erythromycin eye ointment (EEO) group for 5 days. The ocular infection symptoms, bacterial negative conversion rate, and conjunctival histopathological changes of rabbits in each group were observed. The expression of caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain, NOD-like receptor leucine-rich pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), interleukin (IL)-18, IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα, Keap1, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in conjunctival tissue of rabbits were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR and/or Western blot analysis. RESULTS The results showed that MLE treatment significantly reduced the clinical sign scores of conjunctivitis, alleviated clinical signs, and decreased bacterial load, and histological damage in a time- and dose-dependent manner was compared to that in the control group. The antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of MLE (10 mL/kg·d-1) were similar to those of the positive control drug PBE and EEO. In addition, MLE significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, downregulated the NLRP3 inflammasome, and upregulated the Nrf2 system. CONCLUSIONS MLE is effective in alleviating S. aureus-induced conjunctivitis in rabbits, and this mechanism is associated with the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome and activation of the Nrf2 system to regulate pro-inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China,
| | - Linglin Lai
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China.,Department of Drug Clinical Trials, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhentao Mo
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xu Li
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaotong Su
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yiqi Li
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ennian Leng
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yueyue Zhang
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wenna Li
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Wu B, Gao F, Lin J, Lu L, Xu H, Xu GT. Conditioned Medium of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Alleviates Experimental Allergic Conjunctivitis Mainly by IL-1ra and IL-10. Front Immunol 2021; 12:774601. [PMID: 34880869 PMCID: PMC8645696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.774601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is the most prevalent form of mucosal allergy, and the conditioned medium (CM) from mesenchymal stem cells has been reported to attenuate some allergic diseases. However, the therapeutic effects of CM from different tissue stem cells (TSC-CM) on allergic diseases have not been tested. Here, we studied the effects of topical administration of different human TSC-CM on experimental AC (EAC) mice. Only human amniotic epithelial cell-CM (AECM) significantly attenuated allergic eye symptoms and reduced the infiltration of immune cells and the levels of local inflammatory factors in the conjunctiva compared to EAC mice. In addition, AECM treatment decreased immunoglobulin E (IgE) release, histamine production, and the hyperpermeability of conjunctival vessels. Protein chip assays revealed that the levels of anti-inflammatory factors, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and IL-10, were higher in AECM compared to other TSC-CM. Furthermore, the anti-allergic effects of AECM on EAC mice were abrogated when neutralized with IL-1ra or IL-10 antibody, and the similar phenomenon was for the activation and function of B cells and mast cells. Together, the present study demonstrated that AECM alleviates EAC symptoms by multiple anti-allergic mechanisms mainly via IL-1ra and IL-10. Such topical AECM therapy may represent a novel and feasible strategy for treating AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binxin Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Furong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ishida W, Kishimoto T, Takaiwa F, Fukuda K. Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Oral Immunotherapy on Birch Pollen-Induced Allergic Conjunctivitis in Mice with a Rice-Based Edible Vaccine Expressing a Hypoallergenic Birch Pollen Allergen. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123361. [PMID: 34943868 PMCID: PMC8699710 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of the oral administration of transgenic rice seeds expressing a hypoallergenic Bet v 1 derivative of allergic birch pollen conjunctivitis in mice. Transgenic rice seed depositing a chimeric molecule called TPC7 (tree pollen chimera 7) created by DNA shuffling of Bet v 1 family sequences from birch, alder and hazel in protein bodies of endosperm was generated. BALB/c mice were sensitized to birch pollen in alum and challenged with pollen in eyedrops. They were fed TPC7 transgenic or non-transgenic (control) rice seeds for 14 d before sensitization (prophylactic protocol) or 17 d after sensitization (therapeutic protocol). The clinical score and number of conjunctival eosinophils were significantly lower in TPC7-fed mice than in the control mice based on both the prophylactic and therapeutic protocols. Serum concentration of allergen-specific IgE did not differ between TPC7-fed and control groups in either protocol. Prophylactic administration of TPC7 downregulated the production of IL-4 and IFN-γ, whereas therapeutic administration of TPC7 upregulated the production of IFN-γ by allergen-stimulated splenocytes. Prophylactic or therapeutic oral administration of transgenic rice expressing TPC7 suppressed birch pollen-induced allergic conjunctivitis in mice. Feeding transgenic rice is a potentially effective approach as an allergen-specific immunotherapy for allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waka Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, Japan; (W.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Tatsuma Kishimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, Japan; (W.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Fumio Takaiwa
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan;
| | - Ken Fukuda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, Japan; (W.I.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-88880-2391
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Abstract
Ocular graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a common manifestation in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Ocular GVHD affects approximately 10% of patients with acute GVHD and more than 50% of patients with chronic GVHD. Symptoms of dry eye disease are one of the clinical hallmarks of ocular GVHD, and inflammatory changes to the ocular surface, cornea, conjunctiva, eyelids and lacrimal glands have been observed. Less commonly, the posterior segment of the eye is involved in the form of microvascular retinopathy, scleritis or intraretinal and vitreous haemorrhage. Although ocular GVHD does not usually result in permanent visual loss, it often impairs the patient's quality of life and activities of daily living. Regular and more consistent ocular assessment of allo-HSCT patients, including screening prior to transplantation will allow for the earlier detection and treatment of ocular complications associated with GVHD and potentially prevent more severe outcomes. The implementation of additional screening including corneal endothelial cell density assessment and non-invasive analysis of tear biomarkers may be valuable additions to current clinical testing and assist in better detection and clinical intervention in patients with GVHD. This review describes the clinical features, diagnostic criteria and clinical scoring of ocular GVHD, as well as current treatment strategies and potential ophthalmic screening tools for common ocular complications. Further, we describe the clinical and histopathological features of ocular GVHD in preclinical mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Marie Kezic
- Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Steven Wiffen
- Lions Eye Bank of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mariapia Degli-Esposti
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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10
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Fukase S, Ando T, Matsuzawa M, Kimura M, Sone Y, Izawa K, Kaitani A, Kamei A, Kojima M, Nakano N, Maeda K, Shimizu T, Ogawa H, Okumura K, Nishiyama M, Murakami A, Ebihara N, Kitaura J. Pollen shells and soluble factors play non-redundant roles in the development of allergic conjunctivitis in mice. Ocul Surf 2021; 22:152-162. [PMID: 34428578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to clarify the role of particulate allergen exposure to the conjunctiva in the development of allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS We administered ragweed pollen suspension, pollen extract, pollen shell, particulate air pollutants, and their combinations to the mouse conjunctiva five days a week without prior sensitization. Clinical signs were scored. Histological changes, cellular infiltrations, mRNA expressions, lymph node cell recall responses, and serum immunoglobulin levels were assessed. Immune cell-depleting antibodies and ST2 knockout mice were used to investigate the cellular and molecular requirements. RESULTS Pollen suspension, but not the extract or shell alone, induced robust eosinophilic conjunctivitis, accompanied by a proliferative response of epithelial cells. A combination of pollen extract and shell completely restored eosinophil accumulation. In addition, eosinophilic conjunctivitis was induced by a mixture of particulate air pollutants and pollen extract. Mechanistically, eosinophil accumulation was ameliorated by deficiency of the IL-33 receptor ST2 and abolished by depleting CD4+ T cells. Pollen shells, but not the extract, induced IL-33 release from conjunctival epithelial cells in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate the non-redundant roles for the allergens' particulate properties and soluble factors in the development of allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saaya Fukase
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Moe Matsuzawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Meiko Kimura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sone
- Laboratory of Cell Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kumi Izawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ayako Kaitani
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Anna Kamei
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Mayuki Kojima
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakano
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Keiko Maeda
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Immunological Diagnosis, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Shimizu
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Cell Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Akira Murakami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ebihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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11
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Chen JJ, Zhang LN, Wang HN, Xie CC, Li WY, Gao P, Hu WZ, Zhao ZF, Ji K. FAK inhibitor PF-431396 suppresses IgE-mediated mast cell activation and allergic inflammation in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114722. [PMID: 34384759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) initiate and maintain allergic inflammation. Upon being stimulated with immunoglobulin (Ig)E and antigen (Ag), MCs exhibit FcεRI (high-affinity IgE) receptor-mediated degranulation, cytokine secretion, and increased focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity. The aims of this study were to examine mechanisms of FAK regulation in IgE-mediated MC activation and the effects of FAK inhibition on MC-mediated allergic responses. FAK activity was manipulated with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) knockdown, FAK overexpression, and the FAK inhibitor PF-431396 (PF). Gene expression and kinase activation were analyzed with quantitative molecular biology assays. PF effects were tested in the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA), and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) mouse models. Our results showed that FAK overexpression increased IgE-mediated degranulation and reduced the dexamethasone inhibitory effect on MCs activation. The FAK inhibitor PF diminished MC release of β-hexosaminidase (β-hex), histamine, and inflammatory cytokines, via a mechanism that involves MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. CaMKII was identified as a robust FAK-associating protein. Inhibition of CaMKII activation by KN-93 suppressed FAK activity and its downstream pathway. PF attenuated inflammatory responses in our PCA and ASA models, and relieved signs of allergic disease in AC model mice. In conclusions, MC degranulation and production of inflammatory mediators in allergic disease may be consequent to FcεRI crosslinking inducing CaMKII-mediated activation of FAK activity. FAK inhibition may represent a new MC-suppressing treatment strategy for the treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jie Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory Department of South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Li-Na Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory Department of South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hui-Na Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory Department of South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chu-Chu Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory Department of South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wei-Yong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory Department of South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wan-Zhen Hu
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhen-Fu Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory Department of South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Kunmei Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory Department of South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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12
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Singh RB, Liu L, Yung A, Anchouche S, Mittal SK, Blanco T, Dohlman TH, Yin J, Dana R. Ocular redness - II: Progress in development of therapeutics for the management of conjunctival hyperemia. Ocul Surf 2021; 21:66-77. [PMID: 34000363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Conjunctival hyperemia is one of the most common causes for visits to primary care physicians, optometrists, ophthalmologists, and emergency rooms. Despite its high incidence, the treatment options for patients with conjunctival hyperemia are restricted to over-the-counter drugs that provide symptomatic relief due to short duration of action, tachyphylaxis and rebound redness. As our understanding of the immunopathological pathways causing conjunctival hyperemia expands, newer therapeutic targets are being discovered. These insights have also contributed to the development of animal models for mimicking the pathogenic changes in microvasculature causing hyperemia. Furthermore, this progress has catalyzed the development of novel therapeutics that provide efficacious, long-term relief from conjunctival hyperemia with minimal adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Bir Singh
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lingjia Liu
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann Yung
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sonia Anchouche
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sharad K Mittal
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomas Blanco
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas H Dohlman
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia Yin
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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13
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Matsuda A, Hirakata T, Asada Y, Nakae S. Experimental Mouse Models of Ragweed- and Papain-Induced Allergic Conjunctivitis. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2223:133-149. [PMID: 33226592 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1001-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mouse models of allergic conjunctivitis mimic various aspects of human allergic conjunctivitis. They are useful as acute models of allergic conjunctivitis to study immunological aspects of this condition. In this chapter, we will describe ragweed-pollen-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis (mostly driven by adaptive immunity), and papain-soaked contact lens-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis (mostly driven by innate immunity). Giemsa staining of histological sections is used for quantification of the number of infiltrating eosinophils, which is useful to evaluate the severity of the allergic inflammation. Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative PCR are used to clarify spatiotemporal expression of proinflammatory molecules in the conjunctival tissue. Flow cytometric analysis of conjunctival tissue is used for the detection of innate lymphoid cell type 2 (ILC2) in the ocular surface tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsuda
- Laboratory of Ocular Atopic Diseases, Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Hirakata
- Laboratory of Ocular Atopic Diseases, Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Asada
- Laboratory of Ocular Atopic Diseases, Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of System Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakae
- Laboratory of System Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Hu J, Gao N, Zhang Y, Chen X, Li J, Bian F, Chi W, Liu Z, de Paiva C, Pflugfelder SC, Li DQ. IL-33/ST2/IL-9/IL-9R signaling disrupts ocular surface barrier in allergic inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2020; 13:919-930. [PMID: 32358573 PMCID: PMC7572432 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0288-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was to explore a novel IL-33/ST2/IL-9/IL-9R signaling pathway that disrupts ocular surface barrier and amplifies allergic inflammation. Two murine models of experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EAC) and IL-9 topical challenge in wild type Balb/c and ST2-/- mice, and two culture models of primarily human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and mouse CD4+ T cells were performed. Clinical manifestations, Oregon-Green Dextran (OGD) staining, the apical junction complexes (AJCs), IL-33/ST2 and IL-9/IL-9R signaling molecules were evaluated in ocular surface and its draining cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) by RT-qPCR, immunostaining and ELISA. The typical allergic signs, enhanced OGD staining intensity, disrupted morphology of AJCs, including ZO-1, claudin 1, occludin, and E-cadherin, and the stimulated signaling of IL-33/ST2 and IL-9/IL-9R were observed in ocular mucosa and draining CLNs in EAC-Balb/c mice, but significantly reduced or eliminated in EAC-ST2-/- mice. Topical challenge of IL-9 resulted in the obvious OGD staining and disrupted ocular surface AJCs in Balb/c mice and in HCECs in vitro. IL-9 production was found to be stimulated by IL-33 in CD4+ cells from Balb/c mice in vitro. Our findings uncovered a novel phenomenon and mechanism by which ocular surface barrier integrity is disrupted in allergic conjunctivitis by IL-33/ST2/IL-9/IL-9R signaling pathway, which may amplify the allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyue Hu
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA,Eye institute of Xiamen University and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ning Gao
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA,School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA,School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinmiao Li
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fang Bian
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Chi
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Eye institute of Xiamen University and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Cintia de Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen C. Pflugfelder
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - De-Quan Li
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA,Correspondence to: De-Quan Li, M.D., Ph.D. Associate Professor, Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, 6565 Fannin Street, NC-205, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Tel: (713) 798-1123, Fax: (713) 798-1457,
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15
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Steven P, Schwab S, Kiesewetter A, Saban DR, Stern ME, Gehlsen U. Disease-Specific Expression of Conjunctiva Associated Lymphoid Tissue (CALT) in Mouse Models of Dry Eye Disease and Ocular Allergy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207514. [PMID: 33053795 PMCID: PMC7589149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjunctiva-associated tissue (CALT) is assumed to play a crucial role in the immune system of the ocular surface. Its function in several ocular surface diseases (OSD) is still not fully understood. This study investigates the function of CALT in mouse models of dry-eye disease and ocular allergy. Since antigen-presentation is the central similarity in the pathologies, this study focuses on antigen-presentation in CALT Morphology and the expression of CALT, which was investigated in mice after induction of dry-eye, ocular allergy, topical antigen-stimulation, and after local depletion of phagocytic cells. Antigen uptake was investigated after the application of fluorescent ovalbumin (OVA). OSD influences the appearance and morphology of CALT in a disease-dependent manner. Ocular allergy leads to an increase and dry-eye disease to a decrease in number and size of CALT. The development of CALT is dependent on the presence of APCs. Professional APCs are present in CALT, and soluble antigen is transported into the follicle. CALT appearance is disease-specific and indicative of differing functions. Although the specific involvement of CALT in OSD needs further study, the existence of functional APCS and antigen-uptake supports the hypothesis that CALT is an immunological key player at the ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Steven
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.E.S.)
- Division of Dry-Eye and ocular GvHD, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schwab
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, University Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anne Kiesewetter
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.E.S.)
| | - Daniel R. Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA;
| | - Michael E. Stern
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.E.S.)
- Division of Dry-Eye and ocular GvHD, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
- ImmunEyze, LLC., Irvine, CA 92606, USA
| | - Uta Gehlsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.S.); (A.K.); (M.E.S.)
- Division of Dry-Eye and ocular GvHD, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-221-478-85618
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16
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Roles of Type 2 Immune Response-Initiating Cytokines and Detection of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Mouse Models of Allergic Conjunctivitis. Cornea 2020; 39 Suppl 1:S47-S50. [PMID: 33038152 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis is one the most common global diseases and affects many people worldwide. It has been reported that 15% to 20% of the total population in Japan suffers from allergic conjunctival disease. Although TH2 cytokines suchs as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 have long been known as causes of allergic conjunctivitis, new cytokines involved in allergic diseases have been identified since 2000. The discovery of type 2 immune response-initiating cytokines, such as IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells has suggested that allergic diseases can arise from not only T cells but also barrier function disruption. In this article, we summarize the results of experiments in mouse models of ragweed-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis and papain-soaked contact lens-induced conjunctivitis.
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17
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Singh RB, Marmalidou A, Amouzegar A, Chen Y, Dana R. Animal models of high-risk corneal transplantation: A comprehensive review. Exp Eye Res 2020; 198:108152. [PMID: 32721424 PMCID: PMC7508940 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past century, corneal transplantation has become the most commonly performed allogeneic solid tissue transplantation. Although more than 80% of the corneal transplantations have favorable outcomes, immune-mediated rejection continues to be the major cause of failure in well over 50% of graft recipients that have inflamed and vascularized host beds. Over the past two decades, the progress in our understanding of the immunological pathways that mediate graft rejection has aided in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In order to successfully test the efficacy of these interventions, it is essential to model the immunological processes occurring as a consequence of corneal transplantation. Herein, we have comprehensively reviewed the established animal models used for replicating the immunopathological processes causing graft rejection in high-risk corneal transplantation settings. We have also discussed the practical and technical differences, as well as biological and immunological variations in different animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Bir Singh
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna Marmalidou
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Afsaneh Amouzegar
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yihe Chen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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18
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Liu J, Huang S, Li F, Wu M, He J, Xue Y, Fu T, Yu R, Chen X, Wang Y, Li Z. Sympathetic Nerves Positively Regulate Eosinophil-Driven Allergic Conjunctivitis via α1-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1298-1308. [PMID: 32194050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophils are a major cause of tissue injury in allergic conjunctivitis. The biological nature of eosinophils in the conjunctiva and the mechanisms that control eosinophils' responses in allergic conjunctivitis are currently not completely understood. This study reports that conjunctival eosinophils comprise two populations-Siglec-Fint and Siglec-Fhi-in different life stages. Siglec-Fint eosinophils partly expressed CD34 and were in the immature (or steady) state. Siglec-Fhi eosinophils did not express CD34, sharply increased in number after short ragweed (SRW) pollen challenge, and were in the mature (or activated) state. Moreover, chemical sympathectomy by 6-hydroxydopamine reduced the recruitment and activation of eosinophils, whereas the activation of the sympathetic nerve system (SNS) with restraint stress accelerated the recruitment and activation of eosinophils in SRW-induced conjunctivitis. It was also found that two eosinophil populations expressed alpha-1a-adrenergic receptors (α1a-ARs); in SRW-induced conjunctivitis, treatment with an α1a-AR antagonist decreased eosinophil responses, whereas treatment with an α1a-AR agonist aggravated eosinophil responses. Thus, eosinophil responses in conjunctivitis are regulated by the SNS via α1a-AR signaling. SNS inputs or α1a-AR function may be potential targets for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuoya Huang
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanying Li
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingjuan Wu
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin He
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Xue
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Fu
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoxun Yu
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Chen
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Departments of Science and Technology Administration, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
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19
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Guo C, Liu J, Hao P, Wang Y, Sui S, Li L, Ying M, Han R, Wang L, Li X. The Potential Inhibitory Effects of miR-19b on Ocular Inflammation are Mediated Upstream of the JAK/STAT Pathway in a Murine Model of Allergic Conjunctivitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:8. [PMID: 32150250 PMCID: PMC7401772 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a pro-allergic cytokine that initiates allergic inflammatory reaction between epithelial and dendritic cells (DCs). miR-19b was reported to suppress TSLP expression. The present study aimed to examine miR-19b expression, regulation, and function in allergic conjunctivitis (AC). Methods A murine model of experimental AC was induced in BALB/c mice by short ragweed pollen. The serum, eye balls, conjunctiva, and cervical lymph nodes (CLN) were used for the study. Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR, whereas protein production and activation were evaluated by immunostaining, ELISA, and Western blotting. Results In the murine AC model, miR-19b was aberrantly downregulated, whereas the levels of TSLP and p-STAT3, as well as the number of CD11c+ pSTAT3+ DCs were increased. Moreover, Th2 inflammatory cytokine expression was significantly increased. These severe phenotypes could be counteracted by either applying exogenous miR-19b mimic microRNAs or the JAK/STAT inhibitor CYT387. Moreover, overexpression of miR-19b repressed p-STAT3 expression and the number of CD11c+ cells in AC eye and CLN tissues. Conclusions These findings suggested that miR-19b reduced ocular surface inflammation by inhibiting Stat3 signaling via TSLP downregulation in a murine AC model. Moreover, the present study further demonstrated the clinical potential of applying miR-19b and anti-JAK/STAT therapies in the treatment of AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Guo
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Hao
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuangshuang Sui
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linghan Li
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Ying
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruifang Han
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
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20
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Ding Y, Li C, Zhang Y, Ma P, Zhao T, Che D, Cao J, Wang J, Liu R, Zhang T, He L. Quercetin as a Lyn kinase inhibitor inhibits IgE-mediated allergic conjunctivitis. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 135:110924. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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21
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Deng R, Chen X, Zhang Y, Bian F, Gao N, Hu J, Wang C, de Souza RG, Lu F, Pflugfelder SC, Li DQ. Short ragweed pollen promotes M2 macrophage polarization via TSLP/TSLPR/OX40L signaling in allergic inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:1141-1149. [PMID: 31350466 PMCID: PMC7285437 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was to explore the role and mechanism of macrophages in pollen-triggered allergic inflammation. A murine model of short ragweed (SRW) pollen-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EAC), and bone marrow (BM)-macrophages cultures were used. Typical allergic manifestations and TSLP-stimulated Th2 hyperresponse were observed in ocular surface of EAC model in wild-type (WT) mice induced by SRW. The M2 phenotype markers, Arg1, Ym1 and FIZZ1, were highly expressed by conjunctiva and draining cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) of WT-EAC mice when compared with controls, as evaluated by RT-qPCR and Immunofluorescent double staining with macrophage marker F4/80. The stimulated expression of TSLPR and OX40L by macrophage was detected in conjunctiva and CLNs by RT-qPCR, double staining, and flow cytometry. M2 macrophages were found to produce TARC and MDC. In contrast, EAC model with TSLPR-/- mice did not show allergic signs and any increase of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13) and M2 markers. In vitro cultures confirmed that SRW extract stimulates expression of TSLPR, OX40L, TARC, MDC, and three M2 markers by BM-macrophages from WT mice, but not from TSLPR-/- mice. These findings demonstrate that SRW pollen primes macrophage polarization toward to M2 phenotype via TSLP/TSLPR/OX40L signaling to amplify allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzhi Deng
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang Bian
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ning Gao
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiaoyue Hu
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Changjun Wang
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rodrigo G. de Souza
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fan Lu
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Stephen C. Pflugfelder
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - De-Quan Li
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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22
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Chen X, Deng R, Chi W, Hua X, Lu F, Bian F, Gao N, Li Z, Pflugfelder SC, Paiva CS, Li D. IL-27 signaling deficiency develops Th17-enhanced Th2-dominant inflammation in murine allergic conjunctivitis model. Allergy 2019; 74:910-921. [PMID: 30515838 DOI: 10.1111/all.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While most studies focus on pro-allergic cytokines, the protective role of immunosuppressive cytokines in allergic inflammation is not well elucidated. This study was to explore a novel anti-inflammatory role and cellular/molecular mechanism of IL-27 in allergic inflammation. METHODS A murine model of experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EAC) was induced in BALB/c, C57BL/6 or IL-27Rα-deficient (WSX-1-/- ) mice by short ragweed pollen, with untreated or PBS-treated mice as controls. The serum, eyeballs, conjunctiva, cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) were used for study. Gene expression was determined by RT-qPCR, and protein production and activation were evaluated by immunostaining, ELISA and Western blotting. RESULTS Typical allergic manifestations and stimulated thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) signaling and Th2 responses were observed in ocular surface of EAC models in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. The decrease of IL-27 at mRNA (IL-27/EBI3) and protein levels were detected in serum, conjunctiva and CLN, as evaluated by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescent staining, ELISA and Western blotting. EAC induced in WSX-1-/- mice showed aggravated allergic signs with higher TSLP-driven Th2-dominant inflammation, accompanied by stimulated Th17 responses, including IL-17A, IL-17F, and transcription factor RORγt. In contrast, Th1 cytokine IFNγ and Treg marker IL-10, with their respective transcription factors T-bet and foxp3, were largely suppressed. Interestingly, imbalanced activation between reduced phosphor (P)-STAT1 and stimulated P-STAT6 were revealed in EAC, especially WSX-1-/- -EAC mice. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated a natural protective mechanism by IL-27, of which signaling deficiency develops a Th17-type hyperresponse that further aggravates Th2-dominant allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
- Ocular Surface Center Cullen Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Ruzhi Deng
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
- Ocular Surface Center Cullen Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Wei Chi
- Ocular Surface Center Cullen Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yan‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xia Hua
- Ocular Surface Center Cullen Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Fan Lu
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
| | - Fang Bian
- Ocular Surface Center Cullen Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Ning Gao
- Ocular Surface Center Cullen Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Stephen C. Pflugfelder
- Ocular Surface Center Cullen Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Cintia S. Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center Cullen Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - De‐Quan Li
- Ocular Surface Center Cullen Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
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23
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Periostin deletion suppresses late-phase response in mouse experimental allergic conjunctivitis. Allergol Int 2019; 68:233-239. [PMID: 30420208 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the potential roles of periostin (POSTN), an extracellular matrix preferentially expressed in Th2-skewed conditions in the pathophysiology of allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS The roles of POSTN in ragweed-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis (RW-EAC) were evaluated using both POSTN-knockout (KO) and congenic BALB/c wild-type mice. Histological analysis was carried out to enumerate eosinophils/basophils in the conjunctival tissue. Th2 cytokine expression was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), and microarray analysis was performed to elucidate genes differentially expressed in POSTN-KO and wild-type mice in the RW-EAC model. RESULTS Upregulation of POSTN expression and eosinophil infiltration was observed in subconjunctival tissue of RW-EAC in the wild-type mice. The number of infiltrating eosinophils in the conjunctivae of RW-EAC was diminished in POSTN-KO mice compared to wild-type mice. Q-PCR analysis of conjunctival tissue showed induction of Th2 cytokine (Ccl5, Il4, Il5, Il13) expression in the RW-EAC and attenuated Ccl5, Il4, Il13 mRNA expression in the conjunctivae of the RW-EAC using POSTN-KO mice. Microarray analysis and immunohistochemical analysis showed diminished basophil marker (Mcpt8) expression and reduced numbers of infiltrating basophils in the conjunctivae of RW-EAC in POSTN-KO mice. CONCLUSIONS POSTN expression in conjunctival tissue plays an indispensable role in the late-phase reaction of the RW-EAC model by facilitating eosinophil/basophil infiltration and augmenting Th2 cytokine expression.
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24
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Saban DR, Hodges RR, Mathew R, Reyes NJ, Yu C, Kaye R, Swift W, Botten N, Serhan CN, Dartt DA. Resolvin D1 treatment on goblet cell mucin and immune responses in the chronic allergic eye disease (AED) model. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:145-153. [PMID: 30279513 PMCID: PMC6301119 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0089-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Severe, chronic eye allergy is an understudied, vision-threatening condition. Treatments remain limited. We used a mouse model of severe allergic eye disease (AED) to determine whether topical application of the pro-resolution mediator Resolvin D1 (RvD1) terminates the response. AED was induced by injection of ovalbumin (OVA) followed by topical challenge of OVA daily. RvD1 was applied topically prior to OVA. Clinical symptoms were scored. Eye washes were assayed for MUC5AC. After 7 days, eyes were removed and the number of goblet cells, T helper cell responses and presence of immune cells in draining lymph nodes and conjunctiva determined. Topical RvD1 treatment significantly reduced symptoms of AED. RvD1 did not alter the systemic type 2 immune response in the lymph nodes. AED increased the total amount of goblet cell mucin secretion, but not the number of goblet cells. RvD1 prevented this increase, but did not alter goblet cell number. Absolute numbers of CD4 + T cells, total CD11b + myeloid cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes, but not macrophages increased in AED versus RvD1-treated mice. We conclude that topical application of RvD1 reduced the ocular allergic response by local actions in conjunctival immune response and a decrease in goblet cell mucin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Robin R. Hodges
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rose Mathew
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Nancy J. Reyes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Rebecca Kaye
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - William Swift
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nora Botten
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Darlene A. Dartt
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Corresponding author: Darlene Dartt, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, 617-912-0272,
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25
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Hirakata T, Lee HC, Ohba M, Saeki K, Okuno T, Murakami A, Matsuda A, Yokomizo T. Dietary ω-3 fatty acids alter the lipid mediator profile and alleviate allergic conjunctivitis without modulating T h2 immune responses. FASEB J 2018; 33:3392-3403. [PMID: 30383446 PMCID: PMC6404575 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801805r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is one of the most common ocular surface diseases in the world. In AC, T helper type 2 (Th2) immune responses play central roles in orchestrating inflammatory responses. However, the roles of lipid mediators in the onset and progression of AC remain to be fully explored. Although previous reports have shown the beneficial effects of supplementation of ω-3 fatty acids in asthma or atopic dermatitis, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, a diet rich in ω-3 fatty acids alleviated AC symptoms in both early and late phases without affecting Th2 immune responses, but rather by altering the lipid mediator profiles. The ω-3 fatty acids completely suppressed scratching behavior toward the eyes, an allergic reaction provoked by itch. Although total serum IgE levels and the expression levels of Th2 cytokines and chemokines in the conjunctiva were not altered by ω-3 fatty acids, eosinophil infiltration into the conjunctiva was dramatically suppressed. The levels of ω-6–derived proinflammatory lipid mediators, including those with chemoattractant properties for eosinophils, were markedly reduced in the conjunctivae of ω-3 diet–fed mice. Dietary ω-3 fatty acids can alleviate a variety of symptoms of AC by altering the lipid mediator profile.—Hirakata, T., Lee, H.-C., Ohba, M., Saeki, K., Okuno, T., Murakami, A., Matsuda, A., Yokomizo, T. Dietary ω-3 fatty acids alter the lipid mediator profile and alleviate allergic conjunctivitis without modulating Th2 immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Hirakata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Ohba
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuko Saeki
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Murakami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Oral Immunotherapy for Allergic Conjunctivitis Using Transgenic Rice Expressing Hypoallergenic Antigens. Cornea 2018; 37 Suppl 1:S67-S73. [PMID: 30252684 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000001758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pollinosis, or allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis induced by pollen, is one of the most common diseases worldwide. In Japan, Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis is a predominant allergic condition that affects more than one-third of all Japanese individuals. Pharmacological treatments of allergic conjunctivitis include administration of antiallergic eye drops containing an antihistamine or mast cell stabilizer. However, these topical treatments provide transient relief from symptoms. The only available curative treatment for allergic diseases is allergen-specific immunotherapy. Sublingual immunotherapy for pollinosis has been found to be effective for suppression of ocular and nasal symptoms, but patient compliance is low. Oral administration of staple foods engineered to express allergens is a possible means of delivering antigens for immunotherapy, and its convenience would be expected to improve compliance. With the aim of developing more convenient, effective, and safe immunotherapies for allergic diseases, we have generated rice-based edible vaccines expressing antigens derived from dust mites or pollen from Japanese cedar, birch, or ragweed. In this study, we summarize the results of our immunotherapy studies using transgenic rice. Oral immunotherapy with transgenic rice seeds containing hypoallergenic modified forms of Japanese cedar pollen antigens was effective for both preventing allergic conjunctivitis and suppressing established disease in mice. Oral administration of transgenic rice seeds is thus a promising approach to immunotherapy for conjunctivitis and rhinitis induced by Japanese cedar pollen.
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27
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Poe JC, Jia W, Di Paolo JA, Reyes NJ, Kim JY, Su H, Sundy JS, Cardones AR, Perez VL, Chen BJ, Chao NJ, Cardona DM, Saban DR, Sarantopoulos S. SYK inhibitor entospletinib prevents ocular and skin GVHD in mice. JCI Insight 2018; 3:122430. [PMID: 30282825 PMCID: PMC6237454 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). The tyrosine kinase SYK contributes to both acute and chronic GVHD development, making it an attractive target for GVHD prevention. Entospletinib (ENTO) is a second-generation highly selective SYK inhibitor with a high safety profile. Potential utility of ENTO as GVHD prophylaxis in patients was examined using a preclinical mouse model of eye and skin GVHD and ENTO-compounded chow. We found that early SYK inhibition improved blood immune cell reconstitution in GVHD mice and prolonged survival, with 60% of mice surviving to day +120 compared with 10% of mice treated with placebo. Compared with mice receiving placebo, mice receiving ENTO had dramatic improvements in clinical eye scores, alopecia scores, and skin scores. Infiltrating SYK+ cells expressing B220 or F4/80, resembling SYK+ cells found in lichenoid skin lesions of chronic GVHD patients, were abundant in the skin of placebo mice but were rare in ENTO-treated mice. Thus, ENTO given early after HCT safely prevented GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C Poe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julie A Di Paolo
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California, USA
| | - Nancy J Reyes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ji Yun Kim
- Department of Biology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California, USA
| | - Hsuan Su
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - John S Sundy
- Inflammation/Respiratory Section, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California, USA
| | | | - Victor L Perez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Benny J Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nelson J Chao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Diana M Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel R Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stefanie Sarantopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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28
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Mello-Bosnic C, Gimenes AD, Oliani SM, Gil CD. Treatment with galectin-1 eye drops regulates mast cell degranulation and attenuates the severity of conjunctivitis. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 833:124-130. [PMID: 29859836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is a β-galactoside-binding protein with diverse biological activities in the pathogenesis of inflammation, however the mechanisms by which Gal-1 modulates cellular responses in allergic inflammatory processes have not been fully determined. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of Gal-1 eye drops in an experimental model of conjunctivitis. Wistar rats received a topical application of compound (C)48/80 (100 mg/ml) into right eyes and a drop of vehicle into the contralateral eye. Another group of rats received Gal-1 (0.3 or 3 μg/eye) or sodium cromoglycate (SCG; 40 mg/ml) in both eyes and, after 15 min, right eye was challenged with C48/80. Conjunctivitis-induced by C48/80 was characterized by severe eyelid oedema and tearing, but clinical signs were ameliorated by eye drop doses of both Gal-1 (0.3/3 μg) and SCG. As expected, an increased proportion of degranulated mast cells (62%, P < 0.01) and lower histamine levels were observed after 6 h of C48/80 challenge, compared to control (32%). This effect was abrogated by Gal-1 and SCG, which reduced mast cell degranulation (31-36%), eosinophil migration and eosinophil peroxidase levels in the eyes. Gal-1 (3 μg) and SCG treatments also decreased IL-4 levels, as well as activation of mitogen activated protein kinases compared to untreated C48/80 eyes. Our findings suggest that Gal-1 eye drops represent a new therapeutic strategy for ocular allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mello-Bosnic
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Dantas Gimenes
- UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sonia Maria Oliani
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Damas Gil
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil; UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Shin S, Lee JH, Lee HJ, Chang SY, Chung SH. Rapamycin attenuates Th2-driven experimental allergic conjunctivitis. Clin Immunol 2018; 190:1-10. [PMID: 29432811 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis is mediated by eosinophilic infiltration and Th2 type immune responses. This study aims to elucidate the role of rapamycin, mTOR inhibitor, on OVA-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EAC). Rapamycin administration intraperitoneally markedly reduced clinical signs, total and OVA-specific IgE and IgG1/G2a ratio in serum, and conjunctival eosinophilic infiltration. Infiltrations of CD11c+ dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells, and the expressions of chemokines and adhesion molecules in the conjunctiva were attenuated in rapamycin-treated mice, as well as decreased Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the cervical lymph nodes compared to non-treated mice. The expression of mTOR signaling proteins was increased in EAC and reduced by rapamycin treatment. Topical application of rapamycin was also proved to show reduced clinical signs, eosinophil infiltration, and Th2 type immune responses comparable to those from intraperitoneal injection of rapamycin. These findings suggest the therapeutic implications of rapamycin in the attenuation of allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojung Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Institute for Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Institute for Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Institute for Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Chang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hyang Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Institute for Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Ocular IgE-associated allergy ranges from mild disease (seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis) to more chronic/severe and vision-threatening forms (atopic and vernal keratoconjunctivitis). Whereas mild forms of disease have been studied extensively, less is known about the more chronic forms. Our lab has helped to address this knowledge gap by developing and characterizing an allergen-induced, chronic/severe, IgE-associated model of ocular allergy referred to as the severe allergic eye disease (AED) model. It is distinct from previously described models that mimic the more mild forms, referred to in the literature as the allergic conjunctivitis (AC) model. The purpose of this method article is to detail the protocol to induce and characterize the AED model and directly compare these mice to the mild AC model. Troubleshooting and implications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy J Reyes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rose Mathew
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Daniel R Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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Efficacy of oral immunotherapy with a rice-based edible vaccine containing hypoallergenic Japanese cedar pollen allergens for treatment of established allergic conjunctivitis in mice. Allergol Int 2018; 67:119-123. [PMID: 28676431 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that prophylactic oral administration of transgenic rice seeds expressing hypoallergenic modified antigens suppressed the development of allergic conjunctivitis induced by Japanese cedar pollen. We have now investigated the efficacy of oral immunotherapy with such transgenic rice for established allergic conjunctivitis in mice. METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized with two intraperitoneal injections of Japanese cedar pollen in alum, challenged with pollen in eyedrops, and then fed for 16 days with transgenic rice seeds expressing modified Japanese cedar pollen allergens Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 or with nontransgenic rice seeds as a control. They were then challenged twice with pollen in eyedrops, with clinical signs being evaluated at 15 min after the first challenge and the eyes, blood, spleen, and lymph nodes being isolated at 24 h after the second challenge. RESULTS The number of eosinophils in the conjunctiva and the clinical score for conjunctivitis were both significantly lower in mice fed the transgenic rice than in those fed nontransgenic rice. Oral vaccination with transgenic rice seeds also resulted in a significant increase in the production of IFN-γ by splenocytes, whereas it had no effect on the number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the spleen or submandibular or mesenteric lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS Oral administration of transgenic rice seeds expressing hypoallergenic allergens ameliorated allergic conjunctivitis in the established setting. Such a rice-based edible vaccine is potentially both safe and effective for oral immunotherapy in individuals with allergic conjunctivitis.
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Yang Y, Yin X, Yi J, Peng X. MiR-146a overexpression effectively improves experimental allergic conjunctivitis through regulating CD4 +CD25 -T cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:937-943. [PMID: 28810531 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the mechanism of miR-146a in the regulation of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) through CD4+CD25-T cells. METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized with ragweed pollen (RW) and alum, and then challenged with RW. Eosinophil infiltration was determined using Giemsa assay. ELISA assay was performed to examine the level of antigen-specific IgE in the serum and cytokine levels in splenocytes. The expression of miR-146a was measured by qRT-PCR. Flow cytometric analysis was used to analyze the percentage of CD4+CD25-T cells and Tregs. RESULTS In this study, we found that miR-146a overexpression could effectively improve the symptoms of AC in mouse models. Moreover, in vitro experiments, the proliferation of splenocytes was controlled and the expression of IL-5 and IL-13 was also decreased after transfected with miR-146a mimic. In addition, the inhibitory effect of Tregs on Tcons was affected by the change of miR-146a content in Tcons and had a positive correlation effect. When the content of miR-146a in Tregs changed, the inhibition was not affected. In addition, when inhibited miR-146a, NF-κB signaling pathway was activated, and the expression of IL-5 and IL-13 in Tcons increased. While after added Bay (NF-κB blocker), the NF-κB activity was decreased, and the expression of IL-5 and IL-13 in Tcons also reduced. CONCLUSION MiR-146a decreased in Tcons was contributed to the development of AC through regulating the inhibitory effect of Tregs on Tcons and NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Yin
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinglin Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Peng
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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Superoxide dismutase 3 attenuates experimental Th2-driven allergic conjunctivitis. Clin Immunol 2017; 176:49-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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An inhibitor peptide of toll-like receptor 2 shows therapeutic potential for allergic conjunctivitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 46:9-15. [PMID: 28246054 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is an inflammatory disease of the conjunctiva, which is characterized by antigen challenge and toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) activation. Here, a designed small peptide ZY12 was found to contain therapeutic potential in staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-induced AC model. ZY12 treatment showed the remission of clinical signs, plasma total IgE levels, number of mast cells and the proportion of degranulated mast cell in AC mice. Levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) in the lymph nodes or spleen were significantly decreased while those of Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ) were increased in ZY12 treated group, suggesting a protective role of ZY12 in AC by mediating the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines. Importantly, ZY12 significantly inhibited TLR2 expression in conjunctival tissue. Combined its therapeutic effects with TLR2 inhibitory function, ZY12 might be an ideal candidate for the development of new therapeutic agent for allergic disease.
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35
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Li J, Zhang L, Chen X, Chen D, Hua X, Bian F, Deng R, Lu F, Li Z, Pflugfelder SC, Li DQ. Pollen/TLR4 Innate Immunity Signaling Initiates IL-33/ST2/Th2 Pathways in Allergic Inflammation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36150. [PMID: 27796360 PMCID: PMC5087075 DOI: 10.1038/srep36150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity has been extended to respond environmental pathogen other than microbial components. Here we explore a novel pollen/TLR4 innate immunity in allergic inflammation. In experimental allergic conjunctivitis induced by short ragweed (SRW) pollen, typical allergic signs, stimulated IL-33/ST2 signaling and overproduced Th2 cytokine were observed in ocular surface, cervical lymph nodes and isolated CD4+ T cells of BALB/c mice. These clinical, cellular and molecular changes were significantly reduced/eliminated in TLR4 deficient (Tlr4-d) or MyD88 knockout (MyD88−/−) mice. Aqueous SRW extract (SRWe) directly stimulated IL-33 mRNA and protein expression by corneal epithelium and conjunctiva in wild type, but not in Tlr4-d or MyD88−/− mice with topical challenge. Furthermore, SRWe-stimulated IL-33 production was blocked by TLR4 antibody and NF-kB inhibitor in mouse and human corneal epithelial cells. These findings for the first time uncovered a novel mechanism by which SRW pollen initiates TLR4-dependent IL-33/ST2 signaling that triggers Th2-dominant allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lili Zhang
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ding Chen
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xia Hua
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fang Bian
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ruzhi Deng
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fan Lu
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen C Pflugfelder
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - De-Quan Li
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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36
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Smith RE, Reyes NJ, Khandelwal P, Schlereth SL, Lee HS, Masli S, Saban DR. Secondary allergic T cell responses are regulated by dendritic cell-derived thrombospondin-1 in the setting of allergic eye disease. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:371-80. [PMID: 26856994 PMCID: PMC4945354 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3a0815-357rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic eye disease, as in most forms of atopy, ranges in severity among individuals from immediate hypersensitivity to a severe and debilitating chronic disease. Dendritic cells play a key role in stimulating pathogenic T cells in allergen re-exposure, or secondary responses. However, molecular cues by dendritic cells underpinning allergic T cell response levels and the impact that this control has on consequent severity of allergic disease are poorly understood. Here, we show that a deficiency in thrombospondin-1, a matricellular protein known to affect immune function, has subsequent effects on downstream T cell responses during allergy, as revealed in an established mouse model of allergic eye disease. More specifically, we demonstrate that a thrombospondin-1 deficiency specific to dendritic cells leads to heightened secondary T cell responses and consequent clinical disease. Interestingly, whereas thrombospondin-1-deficient dendritic cells augmented activity of allergen-primed T cells, this increase was not recapitulated with naïve T cells in vitro. The role of dendritic cell-derived thrombospondin-1 in regulating secondary allergic T cell responses was confirmed in vivo, as local transfer of thrombospondin-1-sufficient dendritic cells to the ocular mucosa of thrombospondin-1 null hosts prevented the development of augmented secondary T cell responses and heightened allergic eye disease clinical responses. Finally, we demonstrate that topical instillation of thrombospondin-1-derived peptide reduces T cell activity and clinical progression of allergic eye disease. Taken together, this study reveals an important modulatory role of dendritic cell-derived thrombospondin-1 on secondary allergic T cell responses and suggests the possible dysregulation of dendritic cell-derived thrombospondin-1 expression as a factor in allergic eye disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - N J Reyes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - P Khandelwal
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S L Schlereth
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H S Lee
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S Masli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - D R Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA;
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37
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Chung SH, Chang SY, Lee HJ, Choi SH. The C-C chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) is crucial for Th2-driven allergic conjunctivitis. Clin Immunol 2015; 161:110-9. [PMID: 26307432 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis from an allergen-driven Th2 response is characterized by conjunctival eosinophilic infiltration. Although CCL20-CCR6 axis has been reported to play a proinflammatory role in several murine models of autoimmune diseases including allergic diseases, their underlying mechanism needs to be investigated. We here examined whether CCL20-CCR6 axis could play a role in the development of allergic conjunctival inflammation using murine experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EAC) model induced by ovalbumin (OVA) allergen. Mice were challenged with consecutive 10days of OVA via conjunctival sac after systemic challenge with OVA and cholera toxin in alum. Several indicators for allergy were comparatively evaluated in wild-type and CCR6 KO EAC mice. Wild-type mice challenged with OVA via conjunctival sac following systemic challenge with OVA in alum had severe allergic conjunctivitis. The absence of CCR6 suppressed IgE secretion and allergic conjunctival inflammation. Reduced allergic inflammation was ascribable to reduced cytokine responses from Th-2 type in draining lymph node although Th17, regulatory T cells and dendritic cell subsets are not affected by the absence of CCR6. In addition, neutralization of CCR6 ligand, CCL20 could repress allergic conjunctival inflammation. Our findings suggested that CCR6 might be crucial for optimal development of Th2 immune responses and further allergic conjunctival inflammation in EAC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyang Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea; Catholic Institute of Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sun Young Chang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Kyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Hyun Choi
- Catholic Institute of Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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38
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Gimenes AD, Andrade TRM, Mello CB, Ramos L, Gil CD, Oliani SM. Beneficial effect of annexin A1 in a model of experimental allergic conjunctivitis. Exp Eye Res 2015; 134:24-32. [PMID: 25795053 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a 37 kDa glucocorticoid-regulated protein, is a potent anti-inflammatory mediator effective in terminating acute inflammatory response, and its role in allergic settings has been poorly studied. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the mechanism of action of ANXA1 in intraocular inflammation using a classical model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic conjunctivitis (AC). OVA-immunised Balb/c mice, wild-type (WT) and ANXA1-deficient (AnxA1(-/-)), were challenged with eye drops containing OVA on days 14-16 with a subset of WT animals pretreated intraperitoneally with the peptide Ac2-26 (N-terminal region of ANXA1) or dexamethasone (DEX). After 24 h of the last ocular challenge, WT mice treated with Ac2-26 and DEX had significantly reduced clinical signs of conjunctivitis (chemosis, conjunctival hyperaemia, lid oedema and tearing), plasma IgE levels, leukocyte (eosinophil and neutrophil) influx and mast cell degranulation in the conjunctiva compared to WT controls. These anti-inflammatory effects of DEX were associated with high endogenous levels of ANXA1 in the ocular tissues as detected by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, Ac2-26 administration was effective to reduce IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, eotaxin and RANTES in the eye and lymph nodes compared to untreated WT animals. The lack of ANXA1 produced an exacerbated allergic response as detected by the density of the inflammatory cell influx to the conjunctiva and the cytokine/chemokine release. These different effects observed for Ac2-26 were correlated with diminished level of activated ERK at 24 h in the ocular tissues compared to untreated OVA group. Our findings demonstrate the protective effect of ANXA1 during the inflammatory allergic response suggesting this protein as a potential target for new ocular inflammation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre D Gimenes
- UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Histologia, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, 04023-900 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Teresa Raquel M Andrade
- UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Histologia, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, 04023-900 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia B Mello
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Laboratório de Imunomorfologia, Departamento de Biologia, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Ramos
- UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Histologia, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, 04023-900 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane D Gil
- UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Histologia, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, 04023-900 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sonia M Oliani
- UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Histologia, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, 04023-900 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Laboratório de Imunomorfologia, Departamento de Biologia, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Su W, Wan Q, Huang J, Han L, Chen X, Chen G, Olsen N, Zheng SG, Liang D. Culture medium from TNF-α-stimulated mesenchymal stem cells attenuates allergic conjunctivitis through multiple antiallergic mechanisms. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:423-32.e8. [PMID: 25652765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.12.1926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated in several autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, but their contribution to allergic conjunctivitis and underlying antiallergic mechanisms remain elusive. OBJECTIVE We sought to explore the clinical application of MSCs to experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EAC) and its underlying antiallergic mechanisms. METHODS Culture medium from TNF-α-stimulated, bone marrow-derived MSCs (MSC-CMT) was administered topically to mice with EAC, and the related allergic symptoms and biological changes were evaluated. Murine spleen-derived B cells, bone marrow-derived mast cells (MCs), and lung vascular endothelial cells were cultured in vitro to investigate the antiallergic MSC-CMT mechanisms. RESULTS Topical instillation of MSC-CMT significantly attenuated the clinical symptoms of short ragweed pollen-induced EAC, with a significant decrease in inflammatory cell frequency, nuclear factor κB p65 expression, and TNF-α and IL-4 production. In vitro MSC-CMT significantly inhibited the activation of MCs and B-cell IgE release and reduced histamine-induced vascular hyperpermeability. During EAC, MSC-CMT treatment also decreased IgE production, histamine release, enrichment and activation of MCs, and conjunctival vascular hyperpermeability. The MSC-CMT-mediated inhibition of B cells, MCs, and histamine and its antiallergic effects during EAC were abrogated when MSCs were pretreated with COX2 small interfering RNA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide compelling evidence that MSC-CMT inhibits EAC through COX2-dependent multiple antiallergic mechanisms and support the use of MSC-CMT as a novel strategy for treating allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Clinic Immunology, Sun Yat-sen University Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longhui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State University Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pa
| | - Guihua Chen
- Center for Clinic Immunology, Sun Yat-sen University Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nancy Olsen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State University Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pa
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Center for Clinic Immunology, Sun Yat-sen University Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State University Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pa.
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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40
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Fukuda K, Ishida W, Harada Y, Wakasa Y, Takagi H, Takaiwa F, Fukushima A. Prevention of allergic conjunctivitis in mice by a rice-based edible vaccine containing modified Japanese cedar pollen allergens. Br J Ophthalmol 2015; 99:705-9. [PMID: 25563761 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine whether oral immunotherapy with transgenic rice seeds expressing hypoallergenic modified antigens suppresses cedar pollen-induced allergic conjunctivitis by eliciting immune tolerance in mice. METHODS BALB/c mice were fed once a day for 20 days with 220 mg of transgenic rice expressing modified Japanese cedar pollen allergens Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 or with non-transgenic rice seeds as a control. They were then sensitised with two intraperitoneal injections of Japanese cedar pollen in alum before challenge twice with pollen in eye drops. Twenty-four hours after the second challenge, the conjunctiva, spleen, and blood were isolated for histological analysis, cytokine production assays, and measurement of serum immunoglobulin E concentrations, respectively. RESULTS The numbers of eosinophils and total inflammatory cells in the conjunctiva were significantly lower in mice fed the transgenic rice than in those fed non-transgenic rice. The clinical score evaluated at 15 min after antigen challenge was also significantly lower in mice fed the transgenic rice than in those fed non-transgenic rice. The serum concentrations of both total and allergen-specific immunoglobulin E were also significantly lower in mice fed the transgenic rice. Oral vaccination with transgenic rice resulted in significant down-regulation of the allergen-induced production of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-12p70, interferon-γ, and IL-17A by splenocytes. CONCLUSIONS Oral immunotherapy with transgenic rice expressing modified Japanese cedar pollen allergens suppressed pollen-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis in mice by eliciting immune tolerance. This novel prophylactic approach is potentially safe and effective for allergen-specific oral immunotherapy in allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Fukuda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku City, Kochi, Japan
| | - Waka Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku City, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Harada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku City, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yuhya Wakasa
- Functional Transgenic Crop Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takagi
- Functional Transgenic Crop Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumio Takaiwa
- Functional Transgenic Crop Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsuki Fukushima
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku City, Kochi, Japan
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Córdova C, Gutiérrez B, Martínez-García C, Martín R, Gallego-Muñoz P, Hernández M, Nieto ML. Oleanolic acid controls allergic and inflammatory responses in experimental allergic conjunctivitis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91282. [PMID: 24699261 PMCID: PMC3974667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pollen is the most common aeroallergen to cause seasonal conjunctivitis. The result of allergen exposure is a strong Th2-mediated response along with conjunctival mast cell degranulation and eosinophilic infiltration. Oleanolic acid (OA) is natural a triterpene that displays strong anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties being an active anti-allergic molecule on hypersensitivity reaction models. However, its effect on inflammatory ocular disorders including conjunctivitis, has not yet been addressed. Hence, using a Ragweed pollen (RWP)-specific allergic conjunctivitis (EAC) mouse model we study here whether OA could modify responses associated to allergic processes. We found that OA treatment restricted mast cell degranulation and infiltration of eosinophils in conjunctival tissue and decreased allergen-specific Igs levels in EAC mice. Th2-type cytokines, secreted phospholipase A2 type-IIA (sPLA2-IIA), and chemokines levels were also significantly diminished in the conjunctiva and serum of OA-treated EAC mice. Moreover, OA treatment also suppressed RWP-specific T-cell proliferation. In vitro studies, on relevant cells of the allergic process, revealed that OA reduced the proliferative and migratory response, as well as the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators on EoL-1 eosinophils and RBL-2H3 mast cells exposed to allergic and/or crucial inflammatory stimuli such as RWP, sPLA2-IIA or eotaxin. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the beneficial activity of OA in ocular allergic processes and may provide a new intervention strategy and potential therapy for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Córdova
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez-García
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología y Farmacología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rubén Martín
- Instituto de Ciencias del Corazón. Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Patricia Gallego-Muñoz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología y Farmacología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marita Hernández
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - María L. Nieto
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Liu LL, Guo DD, Liang QX, Ding S, Chen JY, Wu B, Li Q. Sublingual immunotherapy for experimental allergic conjunctivitis in a murine model induced by Dermatophagoides farinae allergen. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013; 161:205-12. [PMID: 23548949 DOI: 10.1159/000346335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a clinically effective treatment in allergic conjunctivitis (AC); however, the mechanism of the underlying pharmacodynamics remains unclear. Here, we investigate the efficacy and the mechanism of a sublingually administered Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) vaccine in a murine AC model. METHODS A murine model of AC caused by Der f extract was developed in BALB/c mice by repeated application of allergen. Sensitized mice were SLIT treated by Der f drops and subsequently analyzed for AC symptoms, histopathological and immunological parameters. RESULTS In this study, Der f extract successfully induced the symptoms of AC in BALB/c mice. In these sensitized mice, clinical symptoms (scratching behavior, lacrimation, conjunctival hyperemia and edema), immunological and histopathological findings (inflammatory cell infiltration) were very similar to those in human AC. SLIT treatment of sensitized mice markedly reduced the clinical and histopathological symptoms and decreased the expression levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE), Der f-specific IgE and T helper cell 2 (Th2) cytokine interleukin-4, with a significant increase in Der f-specific IgG4 and Th1 cytokine interferon-γ. CONCLUSIONS SLIT with Der f drops is a potentially effective means of immunotherapy for Der f-induced AC by modulating the Th2-biased allergic immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-lin Liu
- Division of Research and Development, Wolwo Bio-Pharmaceutical Inc., Shanghai, PR China
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Andoh T, Sakai K, Urashima M, Kitazawa K, Honma A, Kuraishi Y. Involvement of leukotriene B4 in itching in a mouse model of ocular allergy. Exp Eye Res 2012; 98:97-103. [PMID: 22504036 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Itching of ocular allergy is alleviated but not completely relieved by H(1) histamine receptor antagonists, suggesting that histamine is not the sole itch mediator in ocular allergy. We investigated whether leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)), a mediator of cutaneous itch, is involved in the itch of ocular allergy in mice. Mice were immunized by the repeated subcutaneous injections of ragweed pollen and alum into the caudal back, and given a subconjunctival injection of ragweed pollen extract into the palpebra for allergic challenge. Challenge with ragweed pollen extract markedly elicited ocular scratching in sensitized mice. The scratching was almost abolished by mast cell deficiency. The H(1) antagonist terfenadine partially inhibited scratching at a dose that almost completely suppressed plasma extravasation. Scratching was inhibited by the glucocorticoid betamethasone and the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor zileuton at doses that inhibited the challenge-induced production of LTB(4). A subconjunctival injection of LTB(4) at doses 1/10,000 or less than that required for histamine elicited ocular scratching in naïve mice. The LTB(4) receptor antagonist ONO-4057 inhibited the ragweed pollen challenge-induced ocular scratching at doses that suppressed LTB(4)-induced ocular scratching. In addition to histamine, LTB(4) is involved in the ocular itching of pollen allergy. H(1) receptor antagonists with an inhibitory effect on the action and/or production of LTB(4) may have more potent anti-pruritic activity than selective H(1) antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsugunobu Andoh
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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Li DQ, Zhang L, Pflugfelder SC, De Paiva CS, Zhang X, Zhao G, Zheng X, Su Z, Qu Y. Short ragweed pollen triggers allergic inflammation through Toll-like receptor 4-dependent thymic stromal lymphopoietin/OX40 ligand/OX40 signaling pathways. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 128:1318-1325.e2. [PMID: 21820713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases affect a large population. Pollen, an ubiquitous allergen, is the trigger of seasonal rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma, as well as an exacerbating factor of atopic dermatitis. However, the underlying mechanism by which pollen induces thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)-triggered allergic inflammation through epithelial innate immunity is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to explore whether short ragweed (SRW) pollen induces TSLP/OX40 ligand (OX40L)/OX40 signaling through Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-dependent pathways in patients with allergic disease. METHODS Three models were used for this study, a well-characterized murine model of allergic conjunctivitis induced by SRW pollen, a topical challenge model on the murine ocular surface, and a culture model of primary human corneal epithelium exposed to aqueous extract of defatted SRW pollen (SRWe). RESULTS The topical challenges with SRW pollen generated typical allergic conjunctivitis in BALB/c mice. Clinical signs, stimulated TSLP/OX40L/OX40 signaling, and T(H)2 cytokine levels in the ocular mucosa and draining cervical lymph nodes were significantly reduced or eliminated in TLR4-deficient (Tlr4-d) or myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) knockout (MyD88(-/-)) mice compared with those seen in their wild-type littermates. SRWe stimulated TSLP production by ocular epithelia in wild-type but not Tlr4-d or MyD88(-/-) mice. SRWe-stimulated TSLP was blocked by TLR4 antibody and nuclear factor κB inhibitor in murine and human corneal epithelia. CONCLUSION For the first time, we have shown that SRW pollen, acting as a functional TLR4 agonist, initiates TLR4-dependent TSLP/OX40L/OX40 signaling, which triggers T(H)2-dominant allergic inflammation. These findings shed light on the understanding of mucosal epithelial innate immunity and create new therapeutic targets to cure allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Quan Li
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Reyes NJ, Mayhew E, Chen PW, Niederkorn JY. γδ T cells are required for maximal expression of allergic conjunctivitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011; 52:2211-6. [PMID: 21212171 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-5959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the function of γδ T cells in early- and late-phase responses in allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS Wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 and γδ T cell-deficient (TCR-δ(-/-)) mice were immunized intraperitoneally and challenged topically for 7 consecutive days with short ragweed pollen. Natural killer T (NKT) and γδ T cell-double-deficient mice were generated by treating TCR-δ(-/-) mice with anti-CD1d antibody. Allergic conjunctivitis was evaluated clinically, and the late-phase response was assessed by histopathology. Cytokine profiles were evaluated by ELISA. The afferent and efferent arms of allergic conjunctivitis were assessed by adoptive transfer of CD4(+) T cells from WT or TCR-δ(-/-) mice into naive TCR-δ(-/-) or WT mice. RESULTS TCR-δ(-/-) mice had decreased clinical manifestations of allergic conjunctivitis compared with WT mice. TCR-δ(-/-) mice had decreased eosinophilic infiltration compared with WT mice. TCR-δ(-/-) mice produced less Th2-associated cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, -5, and -13 compared with WT mice. Clinical manifestations of allergic conjunctivitis were lowest in NKT cell-depleted TCR-δ(-/-) mice. However, late-phase allergic conjunctivitis in NKT cell-depleted, TCR-δ(-/-) mice was the same as TCR-δ(-/-) mice. Adoptive transfer of CD4(+) T cells revealed that γδ T cells are needed for the afferent and efferent arms of allergic conjunctivitis. CONCLUSIONS γδ T cells are needed for full expression of both the clinical manifestations and the late phase of allergic conjunctivitis. Thus, γδ T cells have an important impact in the expression of allergic conjunctivitis and are a potential therapeutic target in the management of allergic diseases of the ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy J Reyes
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA
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Utine CA, Stern M, Akpek EK. Clinical review: topical ophthalmic use of cyclosporin A. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2011; 18:352-61. [PMID: 20735287 DOI: 10.3109/09273948.2010.498657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an immunomodulatory agent that primarily inhibits the proliferation and action of T cells. Systemic CsA has been used successfully in solid organ transplantation and noninfectious uveitis. Topical CsA with various formulations has been used in the field of ocular surface diseases since early 1980s. An ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% (Restasis, Allergan, Irvine, CA), was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2003 to treat dry eye syndrome. This article aims to evaluate the peer-reviewed published scientific literature and to define well-established uses of CsA eyedrops in the field of ocular surface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Asli Utine
- The Ocular Surface Diseases and Dry Eye Clinic, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Cunnusamy K, Paunicka K, Reyes N, Yang W, Chen PW, Niederkorn JY. Two different regulatory T cell populations that promote corneal allograft survival. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010; 51:6566-74. [PMID: 20702818 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-6161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare and contrast the T regulatory cells (Tregs) induced by anterior chamber (AC) injection of antigen with those induced by orthotopic corneal allografts. METHODS Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID) Tregs were induced by injecting C57BL/6 spleen cells into the AC of BALB/c mice. Delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to C57BL/6 alloantigens were evaluated by a conventional ear swelling assay. Corneal allograft Tregs were induced by applying orthotopic C57BL/6 corneal allografts onto BALB/c hosts. The effects of anti-CD25, anti-CD8, anti-interferon-γ (IFN-γ), anti-IL-17A, or cyclophosphamide treatments on corneal allograft survival and ACAID were evaluated. RESULTS Administration of either anti-CD25 or anti-IFN-γ antibodies prevented the expression of ACAID and abolished the immune privilege of corneal allografts. By contrast, in vivo treatment with anti-CD8 antibody abrogated ACAID but had no effect on corneal allograft survival. Further discordance between ACAID and corneal allograft survival emerged in experiments in which the induction of allergic conjunctivitis or the administration of anti-IL-17A abolished the immune privilege of corneal allografts but had no effect on the induction or expression of ACAID. CONCLUSIONS Although orthotopic corneal allografts are strategically located for the induction of ACAID by the sloughing of corneal cells into the AC, the results reported here indicate that the Tregs induced by orthotopic corneal allografts are remarkably different from the Tregs that are induced by AC injection of alloantigen. Although both of these Treg populations promote corneal allograft survival, they display distinctly different phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khrishen Cunnusamy
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA
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Reyes NJ, Mayhew E, Chen PW, Niederkorn JY. NKT cells are necessary for maximal expression of allergic conjunctivitis. Int Immunol 2010; 22:627-36. [PMID: 20504886 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxq046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is elicited by immediate hypersensitivity responses to environmental agents. It is initiated by a T(h)2-dominated immune response that is characterized by production of IgE antibodies and eosinophilic infiltration. By using an experimental mouse model of AC induced by short ragweed (SRW) pollen, we show that sensitized Jalpha18(-/-) mice, which lack type I NKT cells, and CD1d(-/-) mice, which lack type I and type II NKT cells, exhibited a decrease in tearing, lid edema, conjunctival edema and vasodilatation and eosinophil infiltration into the conjunctiva when compared with wild-type (WT) mice in both T(h)1- and T(h)2-prone hosts (C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, respectively). This demonstrates that NKT cells are needed for both the early and late phases of AC. Adoptive transfer of SRW-primed CD4(+) T cells from Jalpha18(-/-) mice into naive WT BALB/c mice revealed that NKT cells were needed for the maximal induction of allergen-specific T(h)2 cells. Results from adoptive transfer of SRW-primed CD4(+) T cells from WT BALB/c mice to naive Jalpha18(-/-) mice indicated that NKT cells were also needed for the expression of AC produced by allergen-primed CD4(+) T cells. The decreased expression of AC in NKT cell-deficient mice was correlated with significant reduction in the production of T(h)2 cytokines in SRW pollen-sensitized mice compared with WT mice and in the capacity of SRW pollen-sensitized CD4(+) T cells to mediate ocular inflammation when the hosts were confronted with SRW pollen at the ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy J Reyes
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA
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Matsuba-Kitamura S, Yoshimoto T, Yasuda K, Futatsugi-Yumikura S, Taki Y, Muto T, Ikeda T, Mimura O, Nakanishi K. Contribution of IL-33 to induction and augmentation of experimental allergic conjunctivitis. Int Immunol 2010; 22:479-89. [PMID: 20501612 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxq035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-33, a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines, is the ligand for ST2 (IL-33Ralpha chain). IL-33 has the capacity to induce T(h)2 cytokine production from T(h)2 cells, mast cells and basophils, indicating that IL-33 has the potential to induce T(h)2 cytokine-mediated allergic inflammation of the eye. Thus, we tested the pathological role of IL-33 in allergic conjunctivitis (AC). As reported elsewhere, animals immunized with ragweed pollen (RW)/alum and boosted with RW/PBS developed AC promptly (within 15 min) and conjunctival eosinophilic inflammation after a delay (within 24 h) in response to eye drop challenge with RW. Furthermore, RW-immunized mice, when topically challenged with both RW and IL-33, developed more striking eosinophilia in their conjunctiva without exacerbation of the clinical AC score. This in vivo IL-33 treatment significantly increased the capacity of T cells in the cervical lymph nodes of RW-immunized mice to produce IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 upon challenge with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies in vitro. Furthermore, the infiltrating cells were largely eosinophils and a small proportion of CD4(+) T cells, both of which express ST2. We also found that even splenic eosinophils express ST2 and show increased expression in response to IL-5, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or IL-33. Eosinophils, stimulated with IL-5 and/or GM-CSF, are responsive to IL-33, which induces production of IL-4 and chemokines. Finally, we showed that conjunctival tissues constitutively express biologically active IL-33, suggesting that IL-33 might play a crucial role in the induction and augmentation of AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Matsuba-Kitamura
- Department of Immunology and Medical Zoology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Niederkorn JY, Chen PW, Mellon J, Stevens C, Mayhew E. Allergic conjunctivitis exacerbates corneal allograft rejection by activating Th1 and th2 alloimmune responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 184:6076-83. [PMID: 20410484 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and airway hyperreactivity exacerbate corneal allograft rejection. Because AC and airway hyperreactivity are allergic diseases of mucosal tissues, we determined whether an allergic disease of a nonmucosal tissue would affect corneal allograft rejection and whether Th2 cells alone accounted for accelerated graft rejection in allergic mice. Hosts sensitized cutaneously with short ragweed pollen developed cutaneous immediate hypersensitivity but rejected corneal allografts at the same tempo and incidence as naive mice. Th2 immune deviation induced with keyhole limpet hemocyanin and IFA did not affect corneal allograft rejection. Thus, Th2 immune deviation alone does not account for the exacerbation of corneal allograft rejection that occurs in mice with AC. CD4(+) T cells from AC mice elaborated Th1 (IFN-gamma) and Th2 (IL-13) cytokines when challenged with donor alloantigens. Adoptive transfer of Th1 or Th2 cells to nude mice, from AC mice that had rejected corneal allografts, produced graft rejection in 70% and 20% of the hosts, respectively. In contrast, adoptive transfer of a combination of Th1 and Th2 cells produced 100% rejection. Administration of exogenous IFN-gamma could substitute for Th1 cells and produced 100% corneal allograft rejection in recipients of Th2 cells alone. By contrast, IFN-gamma did not significantly enhance corneal allograft rejection mediated by Th1 cells. Thus, exacerbation of corneal allograft rejection in mice with AC is associated with a mixed Th1 and Th2 alloimmune response, and the contribution of Th1 cells is through their production of IFN-gamma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Y Niederkorn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA.
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