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Bhat AA, Moglad E, Goyal A, Afzal M, Thapa R, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Ali H, Gaur A, Singh TG, Singh SK, Dua K, Gupta G. Nrf2 pathways in neuroprotection: Alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment in aging. Life Sci 2024:123056. [PMID: 39277133 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment are widespread phenomena among the elderly, being crucial factors that contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important regulator of cellular defense systems, including that against oxidative stress. As such, increased Nrf2 activity may serve as a strategy to avert mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive decline. Scientific data on Nrf2-mediated neuroprotection was collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, specifically addressing mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment in older people. Search terms included "Nrf2", "mitochondrial dysfunction," "cognitive impairment," and "neuroprotection." Studies focusing on in vitro and in vivo models and clinical investigations were included to review Nrf2's therapeutic potential comprehensively. The relative studies have demonstrated that increased Nrf2 activity could improve mitochondrial performance, decrease oxidative pressure, and mitigate cognitive impairment. To a large extent, this is achieved through the modulation of critical cellular signalling pathways such as the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, mitochondrial biogenesis, and neuroinflammatory responses. The present review summarizes the recent progress in comprehending the molecular mechanisms regarding the neuroprotective benefits mediated by Nrf2 through its substantial role against mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment. This review also emphasizes Nrf2-target pathways and their contribution to cognitive function improvement and rescue from mitochondria-related abnormalities as treatment strategies for neurodegenerative diseases that often affect elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riya Thapa
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341 Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ashish Gaur
- Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India; Graphic Era Hill University, Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India
| | | | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
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Nazari M, Heidari R, Hami Z, Shiri M, Nassireslami E, Chamanara M. Some relevant mitigating agents of chronic aflatoxin exposure: a treatise. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:807-816. [PMID: 38058159 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2281234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxins, a group of toxic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus species, pose significant threats to human health due to their potent carcinogenic, mutagenic, and immunosuppressive properties. Chronic exposure to these contaminants, commonly found in staple foods such as maize and groundnuts, has been linked to an increased risk of liver cancer, growth impairment, and immune dysfunction. Several agents, such as calcium montmorillonite clay and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, have shown promise in reducing aflatoxin bioavailability and alleviating its toxic effects. Additionally, dietary supplements such as chlorophyllin, selenium, and N-acetylcysteine have demonstrated potential as adjuvants to counteract aflatoxin-induced oxidative stress and support liver function. In this treatise, some of the most discussed approaches to mitigating aflatoxin effects are explored in terms of their efficacy, safety, and potential mechanisms of action, which include direct aflatoxin binding, detoxification, cellular antioxidative, and hepatocellular protection properties. However, the effectiveness of these strategies can be influenced by various factors, such as dose, duration of exposure, and individual susceptibility. Therefore, further research is needed to optimize these interventions and develop new, targeted therapies for the prevention and treatment of aflatoxin-related diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of 18 pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, supplement, and probiotic strategies currently available for mitigating the deleterious effects of chronic aflatoxin exposure in humans and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nazari
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hami
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shiri
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nassireslami
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chamanara
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rahman M, Khatun A, Liu L, Barkla BJ. Brassicaceae Mustards: Phytochemical Constituents, Pharmacological Effects, and Mechanisms of Action against Human Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9039. [PMID: 39201724 PMCID: PMC11354652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The Brassicaceae genus consists of many economically important mustards of value for food and medicinal purposes, namely Asian mustard (Brassica juncea), ball mustard (Neslia paniculata), black mustard (B. nigra), garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), hedge mustard (Sisymbrium officinale), Asian hedge mustard (S. orientale), oilseed rape (B. napus), rapeseed (B. rapa), treacle mustard (Erysimum repandum), smooth mustard (S. erysimoides), white ball mustard (Calepina irregularis), white mustard (Sinapis alba), and Canola. Some of these are commercially cultivated as oilseeds to meet the global demand for a healthy plant-derived oil, high in polyunsaturated fats, i.e., B. napus and B. juncea. Other species are foraged from the wild where they grow on roadsides and as a weed of arable land, i.e., E. repandum and S. erysimoides, and harvested for medicinal uses. These plants contain a diverse range of bioactive natural products including sulfur-containing glucosinolates and other potentially valuable compounds, namely omega-3-fatty acids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, tannins, S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide, and trace-elements. Various parts of these plants and many of the molecules that are produced throughout the plant have been used in traditional medicines and more recently in the mainstream pharmaceutical and food industries. This study relates the uses of mustards in traditional medicines with their bioactive molecules and possible mechanisms of action and provides an overview of the current knowledge of Brassicaceae oilseeds and mustards, their phytochemicals, and their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmudur Rahman
- Southern Cross Analytical Services, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; (M.R.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;
| | - Amina Khatun
- Southern Cross Analytical Services, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; (M.R.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;
| | - Lei Liu
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;
| | - Bronwyn J. Barkla
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;
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Ribeiro M, Alvarenga L, Coutinho-Wolino KS, Nakao LS, Cardozo LF, Mafra D. Sulforaphane upregulates the mRNA expression of NRF2 and NQO1 in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 221:181-187. [PMID: 38772511 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN), found in cruciferous vegetables, is a known activator of NRF2 (master regulator of cellular antioxidant responses). Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present an imbalance in the redox state, presenting reduced expression of NRF2 and increased expression of NF-κB. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of SFN on the mRNA expression of NRF2, NF-κB and markers of oxidative stress in patients with CKD. Here, we observed a significant increase in the mRNA expression of NRF2 (p = 0.02) and NQO1 (p = 0.04) in the group that received 400 μg/day of SFN for 1 month. Furthermore, we observed an improvement in the levels of phosphate (p = 0.02), glucose (p = 0.05) and triglycerides (p = 0.02) also in this group. On the other hand, plasma levels of LDL-c (p = 0.04) and total cholesterol (p = 0.03) increased in the placebo group during the study period. In conclusion, 400 μg/day of SFN for one month improves the antioxidant system and serum glucose and phosphate levels in non-dialysis CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Livia Alvarenga
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Lia S Nakao
- Basic Pathology Department, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Fmf Cardozo
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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Marques ES, Severance EG, Arsenault P, Zahn SM, Timme-Laragy AR. Activation of Nrf2 at Critical Windows of Development Alters Tissue-Specific Protein S-Glutathionylation in the Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Embryo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1006. [PMID: 39199250 PMCID: PMC11352166 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13081006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Activation of Nrf2-the master regulator of antioxidative response-at different stages of embryonic development has been shown to result in changes in gene expression, but the tissue-specific and downstream effects of Nrf2 activation during development remain unclear. This work seeks to elucidate the tissue-specific Nrf2 cellular localization and the downstream changes in protein S-glutathionylation during critical windows of zebrafish (Danio rerio) development. Wild-type and mutant zebrafish embryos with a loss-of-function mutation in Nrf2a were treated with two canonical activators, sulforaphane (SFN; 40 µM) or tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ; 1 µM), for 6 h at either pharyngula, hatching, or the protruding-mouth stage. Nrf2a protein and S-glutathionylation were visualized in situ using immunohistochemistry. At the hatching stage, Nrf2a protein levels were decreased with SFN, but not tBHQ, exposure. Exposure to both activators, however, decreased downstream S-glutathionylation. Stage- and tissue-specific differences in Nrf2a protein and S-glutathionylation were identified in the pancreatic islet and liver. Protein S-glutathionylation in Nrf2a mutant fish was increased in the liver by both activators, but not the islets, indicating a tissue-specific and Nrf2a-dependent dysregulation. This work demonstrates that critical windows of exposure and Nrf2a activity may influence redox homeostasis and highlights the importance of considering tissue-specific outcomes and sensitivity in developmental redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alicia R. Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA (E.G.S.)
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Bertuccio MP, Saija C, Acri G, Ientile R, Caccamo D, Currò M. Sulforaphane Effects on Neuronal-like Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Exposed to 2.45 GHz Electromagnetic Radiation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7872. [PMID: 39063113 PMCID: PMC11276899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic radiation (EMR) emitted from commonly used devices has been reported to induce oxidative stress in several experimental models. Our study aims to evaluate the efficacy of sulforaphane, a well-known natural product, in preventing radiation-induced toxic effects caused by a 24 h exposure of SH-SY5Y neuronal-like cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to 2.45 GHz EMR. Cells were exposed to radiation for 24 h in the presence or absence of sulforaphane at different concentrations (5-10-25 µg/mL). Cell viability, mitochondrial activity alterations, the transcription and protein levels of redox markers, and apoptosis-related genes were investigated. Our data showed a reduction in cell viability of both neuronal-like cells and PBMCs caused by EMR exposure and a protective effect of 5 µg/mL sulforaphane. The lowest sulforaphane concentration decreased ROS production and increased the Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential (Δψm) and the NAD+/NADH ratio, which were altered by radiation exposure. Sulforaphane at higher concentrations displayed harmful effects. The hormetic behavior of sulforaphane was also evident after evaluating the expression of genes coding for Nrf2, SOD2, and changes in apoptosis markers. Our study underlined the vulnerability of neuronal-like cells to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress and the possibility of mitigating these effects by supplementation with sulforaphane. To our knowledge, there are no previous studies about the effects of SFN on these cells when exposed to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Bertuccio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.S.); (G.A.); (R.I.); (M.C.)
| | | | | | | | - Daniela Caccamo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.S.); (G.A.); (R.I.); (M.C.)
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Kombe Kombe AJ, Fotoohabadi L, Nanduri R, Gerasimova Y, Daskou M, Gain C, Sharma E, Wong M, Kelesidis T. The Role of the Nrf2 Pathway in Airway Tissue Damage Due to Viral Respiratory Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7042. [PMID: 39000157 PMCID: PMC11241721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses constitute a significant cause of illness and death worldwide. Respiratory virus-associated injuries include oxidative stress, ferroptosis, inflammation, pyroptosis, apoptosis, fibrosis, autoimmunity, and vascular injury. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the pathophysiology of viral infection and associated complications. It has thus emerged as a pivotal player in cellular defense mechanisms against such damage. Here, we discuss the impact of Nrf2 activation on airway injuries induced by respiratory viruses, including viruses, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, and respiratory syncytial viruses. The inhibition or deregulation of Nrf2 pathway activation induces airway tissue damage in the presence of viral respiratory infections. In contrast, Nrf2 pathway activation demonstrates protection against tissue and organ injuries. Clinical trials involving Nrf2 agonists are needed to define the effect of Nrf2 therapeutics on airway tissues and organs damaged by viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud John Kombe Kombe
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Leila Fotoohabadi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Ravikanth Nanduri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Yulia Gerasimova
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Maria Daskou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chandrima Gain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eashan Sharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael Wong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Rahman MM, Wu H, Tollefsbol TO. A novel combinatorial approach using sulforaphane- and withaferin A-rich extracts for prevention of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer through epigenetic and gut microbial mechanisms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12091. [PMID: 38802425 PMCID: PMC11130158 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-negative [ER(-)] mammary cancer is the most aggressive type of breast cancer (BC) with higher rate of metastasis and recurrence. In recent years, dietary prevention of BC with epigenetically active phytochemicals has received increased attention due to its feasibility, effectiveness, and ease of implementation. In this regard, combinatorial phytochemical intervention enables more efficacious BC inhibition by simultaneously targeting multiple tumorigenic pathways. We, therefore, focused on investigation of the effect of sulforaphane (SFN)-rich broccoli sprouts (BSp) and withaferin A (WA)-rich Ashwagandha (Ash) combination on BC prevention in estrogen receptor-negative [ER(-)] mammary cancer using transgenic mice. Our results indicated that combinatorial BSp + Ash treatment significantly reduced tumor incidence and tumor growth (~ 75%) as well as delayed (~ 21%) tumor latency when compared to the control treatment and combinatorial BSp + Ash treatment was statistically more effective in suppressing BC compared to single BSp or Ash intervention. At the molecular level, the BSp and Ash combination upregulated tumor suppressors (p53, p57) along with apoptosis associated proteins (BAX, PUMA) and BAX:BCL-2 ratio. Furthermore, our result indicated an expressional decline of epigenetic machinery HDAC1 and DNMT3A in mammary tumor tissue because of combinatorial treatment. Interestingly, we have reported multiple synergistic interactions between BSp and Ash that have impacted both tumor phenotype and molecular expression due to combinatorial BSp and Ash treatment. Our RNA-seq analysis results also demonstrated a transcriptome-wide expressional reshuffling of genes associated with multiple cell-signaling pathways, transcription factor activity and epigenetic regulations due to combined BSp and Ash administration. In addition, we discovered an alteration of gut microbial composition change because of combinatorial treatment. Overall, combinatorial BSp and Ash supplementation can prevent ER(-) BC through enhanced tumor suppression, apoptosis induction and transcriptome-wide reshuffling of gene expression possibly influencing multiple cell signaling pathways, epigenetic regulation and reshaping gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mijanur Rahman
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 902 14th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Huixin Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 902 14th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 902 14th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 933 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, 3100 East Science Hall, 902 14th Street South, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Hernández-Cruz EY, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Eugenio-Pérez D, Juárez-Peredo E, Zurita-León M, Valdés VJ, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Sulforaphane Exposure Prevents Cadmium-Induced Toxicity and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans by Regulating the Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling (IIS) Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:584. [PMID: 38790689 PMCID: PMC11117759 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is highly toxic to humans and animals. Its adverse effects have been widely associated with mitochondrial alterations. However, there are not many treatments that target mitochondria. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sulforaphane (SFN) pre-exposure against cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced toxicity and mitochondrial alterations in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), by exploring the role of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS). The results revealed that prior exposure to SFN protected against CdCl2-induced mortality and increased lifespan, body length, and mobility while reducing lipofuscin levels. Furthermore, SFN prevented mitochondrial alterations by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and restoring mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate, thereby decreasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The improvement in mitochondrial function was associated with increased mitochondrial mass and the involvement of the daf-16 and skn-1c genes of the IIS signaling pathway. In conclusion, exposure to SFN before exposure to CdCl2 mitigates toxic effects and mitochondrial alterations, possibly by increasing mitochondrial mass, which may be related to the regulation of the IIS pathway. These discoveries open new possibilities for developing therapies to reduce the damage caused by Cd toxicity and oxidative stress in biological systems, highlighting antioxidants with mitochondrial action as promising tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefani Yaquelin Hernández-Cruz
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (D.E.-P.); (E.J.-P.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Dianelena Eugenio-Pérez
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (D.E.-P.); (E.J.-P.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Biochemical Sciences, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Elí Juárez-Peredo
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (D.E.-P.); (E.J.-P.)
| | - Mariana Zurita-León
- Departamento de Biología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular (IFC), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.Z.-L.); (V.J.V.)
| | - Víctor Julián Valdés
- Departamento de Biología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular (IFC), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.Z.-L.); (V.J.V.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (D.E.-P.); (E.J.-P.)
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Glatt H, Weißenberg SY, Ehlers A, Lampen A, Seidel A, Schumacher F, Engst W, Meinl W. Formation of DNA Adducts by 1-Methoxy-3-indolylmethylalcohol, a Breakdown Product of a Glucosinolate, in the Mouse: Impact of the SULT1A1 Status-Wild-Type, Knockout or Humanised. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3824. [PMID: 38612635 PMCID: PMC11012018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously found that feeding rats with broccoli or cauliflower leads to the formation of characteristic DNA adducts in the liver, intestine and various other tissues. We identified the critical substances in the plants as 1-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl (1-MIM) glucosinolate and its degradation product 1-MIM-OH. DNA adduct formation and the mutagenicity of 1-MIM-OH in cell models were drastically enhanced when human sulfotransferase (SULT) 1A1 was expressed. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of SULT1A1 in DNA adduct formation by 1-MIM-OH in mouse tissues in vivo. Furthermore, we compared the endogenous mouse Sult1a1 and transgenic human SULT1A1 in the activation of 1-MIM-OH using genetically modified mouse strains. We orally treated male wild-type (wt) and Sult1a1-knockout (ko) mice, as well as corresponding lines carrying the human SULT1A1-SULT1A2 gene cluster (tg and ko-tg), with 1-MIM-OH. N2-(1-MIM)-dG and N6-(1-MIM)-dA adducts in DNA were analysed using isotope-dilution UPLC-MS/MS. In the liver, caecum and colon adducts were abundant in mice expressing mouse and/or human SULT1A1, but were drastically reduced in ko mice (1.2-10.6% of wt). In the kidney and small intestine, adduct levels were high in mice carrying human SULT1A1-SULT1A2 genes, but low in wt and ko mice (1.8-6.3% of tg-ko). In bone marrow, adduct levels were very low, independently of the SULT1A1 status. In the stomach, they were high in all four lines. Thus, adduct formation was primarily controlled by SULT1A1 in five out of seven tissues studied, with a strong impact of differences in the tissue distribution of mouse and human SULT1A1. The behaviour of 1-MIM-OH in these models (levels and tissue distribution of DNA adducts; impact of SULTs) was similar to that of methyleugenol, classified as "probably carcinogenic to humans". Thus, there is a need to test 1-MIM-OH for carcinogenicity in animal models and to study its adduct formation in humans consuming brassicaceous foodstuff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansruedi Glatt
- Department Food Safety, Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8–10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.W.); (A.E.); (A.L.)
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.); (W.M.)
| | - Sarah Yasmin Weißenberg
- Department Food Safety, Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8–10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.W.); (A.E.); (A.L.)
| | - Anke Ehlers
- Department Food Safety, Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8–10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.W.); (A.E.); (A.L.)
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- Department Food Safety, Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8–10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.W.); (A.E.); (A.L.)
| | - Albrecht Seidel
- Biochemical Institute for Environmental Carcinogens (BIU), Prof. Dr. Gernot Grimmer-Foundation, Lurup 4, 22927 Grosshansdorf, Germany;
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.); (W.M.)
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Strasse 2–4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfram Engst
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.); (W.M.)
| | - Walter Meinl
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.); (W.M.)
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11
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Sun J, Zhao Z, Lu J, An W, Zhang Y, Li W, Yang L. The Tumor Microenvironment Mediates the HIF-1α/PD-L1 Pathway to Promote Immune Escape in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3735. [PMID: 38612546 PMCID: PMC11011450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The unsatisfactory efficacy of immunotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major challenge for clinicians and patients. The tumor microenvironment may promote CRC progression by upregulating the expression of hypoxia-inducing factor (HIF) and PD-L1. Therefore, this study explored the expression and correlation of HIF-1α and PD-L1 in the CRC microenvironment. The expression and correlation of HIF-1α and PD-L1 in CRC were analyzed using bioinformatics and Western blotting (WB). The hypoxia and inflammation of the CRC microenvironment were established in the CT26 cell line. CT26 cells were stimulated with two hypoxia mimics, CoCl2 and DFO, which were used to induce the hypoxic environment. Western blotting was used to assess the expression and correlation of HIF-1α and PD-L1 in the hypoxic environment.LPS stimulated CT26 cells to induce the inflammatory environment. WB and bioinformatics were used to assess the expression and correlation of TLR4, HIF-1α, and PD-L1 in the inflammatory environment. Furthermore, the impact of curcumin on the inflammatory environment established by LPS-stimulated CT26 cells was demonstrated through MTT, Transwell, molecular docking, network pharmacology and Western blotting assays. In this study, we found that the HIF-1α/PD-L1 pathway was activated in the hypoxic and inflammatory environment and promoted immune escape in CRC. Meanwhile, curcumin suppressed tumor immune escape by inhibiting the TLR4/HIF-1α/PD-L1 pathway in the inflammatory environment of CRC. These results suggest that combination therapy based on the HIF-1α/PD-L1 pathway can be a promising therapeutic option and that curcumin can be used as a potent immunomodulatory agent in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (W.A.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, No. 26, Yucai Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo 315016, China
| | - Zhengtian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (W.A.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (W.A.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Wen An
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (W.A.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Yiming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (W.A.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (W.A.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (W.A.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, No. 26, Yucai Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo 315016, China
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12
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Shah A, Varma M, Bhandari R. Exploring sulforaphane as neurotherapeutic: targeting Nrf2-Keap & Nf-Kb pathway crosstalk in ASD. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:373-385. [PMID: 37249861 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a family of complex neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized mainly through deficits in social behavior and communication. While the causes giving rise to autistic symptoms are numerous and varied, the treatment options and therapeutic avenues are still severely limited. Nevertheless, a number of signalling pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease, and targeting these pathways might provide insight into potential treatments and future strategies. Importantly, alterations in inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction have been noted in the brains of ASD patients, and among the pathways involved in these processes is the Nrf2 cascade. This particular pathway has been hypothesized to be involved in inducing both, inflammatory and anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective effects in the brain, sparking an interest in its use in ASD. Sulforaphane, a sulfur-containing phytochemical present mainly in cruciferous plants like broccoli and cabbage, has shown efficacy in activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which in turn brings about a protective effect on neuronal cells, especially against mitochondrial dysfunction. Its efficacy against ASD has not yet been evaluated, and in this paper, we attempt to discuss the therapeutic potential of this agent in the therapy of autism, with special emphasis on the role of the Nrf2 pathway in the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shah
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC- Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, 160 014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manasi Varma
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC- Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, 160 014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ranjana Bhandari
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC- Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, 160 014, Chandigarh, India.
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13
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Yang F, Smith MJ, Siow RCM, Aarsland D, Maret W, Mann GE. Interactions between zinc and NRF2 in vascular redox signalling. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:269-278. [PMID: 38372426 PMCID: PMC10903478 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Recent evidence highlights the importance of trace metal micronutrients such as zinc (Zn) in coronary and vascular diseases. Zn2+ plays a signalling role in modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase and protects the endothelium against oxidative stress by up-regulation of glutathione synthesis. Excessive accumulation of Zn2+ in endothelial cells leads to apoptotic cell death resulting from dysregulation of glutathione and mitochondrial ATP synthesis, whereas zinc deficiency induces an inflammatory phenotype, associated with increased monocyte adhesion. Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor known to target hundreds of different genes. Activation of NRF2 affects redox metabolism, autophagy, cell proliferation, remodelling of the extracellular matrix and wound healing. As a redox-inert metal ion, Zn has emerged as a biomarker in diagnosis and as a therapeutic approach for oxidative-related diseases due to its close link to NRF2 signalling. In non-vascular cell types, Zn has been shown to modify conformations of the NRF2 negative regulators Kelch-like ECH-associated Protein 1 (KEAP1) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and to promote degradation of BACH1, a transcriptional suppressor of select NRF2 genes. Zn can affect phosphorylation signalling, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinases and protein kinase C, which facilitate NRF2 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Notably, several NRF2-targeted proteins have been suggested to modify cellular Zn concentration via Zn exporters (ZnTs) and importers (ZIPs) and the Zn buffering protein metallothionein. This review summarises the cross-talk between reactive oxygen species, Zn and NRF2 in antioxidant responses of vascular cells against oxidative stress and hypoxia/reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Matthew J Smith
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Richard C M Siow
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, U.K
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, London, U.K
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K
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14
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Louka P, Orriss IR, Pitsillides AA. Stable Sulforaphane Targets the Early Stages of Osteoclast Formation to Engender a Lasting Functional Blockade of Osteoclastogenesis. Cells 2024; 13:165. [PMID: 38247857 PMCID: PMC10814088 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane, the native but unstable form of SFX-01, is an antioxidant that activates the NRF2 and inhibits the NF-KB pathways to achieve its actions. Resolving the mechanism(s) by which SFX-01 serves to control the various osteoclastogenic stages may expose pathways that could be explored for therapeutic use. Here we seek to identify the stage of osteoclastogenesis targeted by SFX-01 and explore whether, like SFN, it exerts its actions via the NRF2 and NF-KB pathways. Osteoclasts generated from the bone marrow (BM) of mice were cultured with SFX-01 at different timepoints to examine each phase of osteoclastogenesis separately. This showed that SFX-01 exerted actions throughout the process of osteoclastogenesis, but had its largest effects in the early osteoclast precursor differentiation stage. Thus, treatment with SFX-01 for the duration of culture, for the initial 3 days differentiation or for as little as the first 24 h was sufficient for effective inhibition. This aligned with data suggesting that SFX-01 reduced DC-STAMP levels, osteoclast nuclear number and modified cytoskeletal architecture. Pharmacological regulation of the NRF2 pathways, via selective inhibitors/activators, supported the anti-osteoclastogenic roles of an SFX-01-mediated by NRF2 activation, as well as the need for tight NF-KB pathway regulation in osteoclast formation/function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew A. Pitsillides
- Skeletal Biology Group, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK; (P.L.); (I.R.O.)
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15
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Ribeiro M, Cardozo LF, Paiva BR, Baptista BG, Fanton S, Alvarenga L, Lima LS, Britto I, Nakao LS, Fouque D, Ribeiro-Alves M, Mafra D. Sulforaphane Supplementation Did Not Modulate NRF2 and NF-kB mRNA Expressions in Hemodialysis Patients. J Ren Nutr 2024; 34:68-75. [PMID: 37619675 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have reduced expression of erythroid nuclear factor-related factor 2 (NRF2) and increased nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). "Food as medicine" has been proposed as an adjuvant therapeutic alternative in modulating these factors. No studies have investigated the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) in cruciferous vegetables on the expression of these genes in patients with CKD. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate the effects of SFN on the expression of NRF2 and NF-κB in patients on hemodialysis (HD). DESIGN AND METHODS A randomized, double-blind, crossover study was performed on 30 patients on regular HD. Fourteen patients were randomly allocated to the intervention group (1 sachet/day of 2.5 g containing 1% SFN extract with 0.5% myrosinase) and 16 patients to the placebo group (1 sachet/day of 2.5 g containing corn starch colored with chlorophyll) for 2 months. After a washout period of 2 months, the groups were switched. NRF2 and NF-κB mRNA expression was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Malondialdehyde was evaluated as a marker of lipid peroxidation. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (17 women, 55 [interquartile range = 19] years and 55 [interquartile range = 74] months on HD) completed the study. There was no significant difference concerning the expression of mRNA NRF2 (P = .915) and mRNA NF-κB (P = .806) after supplementation with SFN. There was no difference in pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. CONCLUSION 150 μmol of SFN for 2 months had no antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect in patients with CKD undergoing HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Fmf Cardozo
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruna R Paiva
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Germer Baptista
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Susane Fanton
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Livia Alvarenga
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ligia Soares Lima
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isadora Britto
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lia S Nakao
- Federal University of Parana (UFPR), Department of Basic Pathology, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Denis Fouque
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hopitalier Lyon Sud, INSERM 1060, CENS, Université de Lyon, France
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Research Center, National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas (INI/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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16
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Shore R, Behlen J, McBee D, Prayaga K, Haugen F, Craig L, Shields M, Mustapha T, Harvey N, Johnson N. Lactational transfer of sulforaphane-N-acetylcysteine in vivo and in human breast milk. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 482:116796. [PMID: 38145809 PMCID: PMC11005475 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) is a bioactive phytonutrient found in cruciferous vegetables. There is a lack of detailed information on the lactational transfer of SFN and SFN metabolites, and potential pharmacological effects on breastfeeding infants. We carried out two maternal supplementation studies in a mouse model, wherein lactating dams received either vehicle, 300 or 600 ppm SFN from postnatal day (PND) 1 to 5, or in a second experiment, vehicle or 600 ppm SFN from PND 1 to 14. The parent compound was only detectable in milk and plasma from dams receiving 600 ppm SFN for five days. The predominant metabolite SFN-N-acetylcysteine (SFN-NAC) was readily detected in milk from dams receiving 300 and 600 ppm SFN for five days or 600 ppm for 14 days. Maternal SFN-NAC plasma levels were elevated in both 600 ppm groups. Maternal hepatic and pulmonary expression of NRF2-related genes, Nqo1, Gsta2, Gstm1, and Gstp1, were significantly increased, generally following a dose-response; however, offspring induction varied. PND5 neonates in the 600-ppm group exhibited significantly elevated expression of Nqo1, Gsta2, and Gstp1 in liver, and Gstm1 and Gstp1 in lung. Findings support maternal dietary supplementation with SFN induces NRF2-related gene expression in neonates via lactational transfer of SFN-NAC. However, NQO1 enzyme activity was not significantly elevated, highlighting the need to optimize dosing strategy. Additionally, in a pilot investigation of lactating women consuming a typical diet, without any purified SFN supplementation, 7 out of 8 breast milk samples showed SFN-NAC above the limit of quantification (LOQ). Notably, the one sample below the LOQ was collected from the only participant who reported no consumption of cruciferous vegetables in the past 24 h. The parent compound was not detected in any of the human breast milk samples. Overall, these data indicate lactational transfer of SFN-NAC at dietary relevant levels. Future studies are needed to evaluate pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lactational transfer for potential preventive or therapeutic effects in breastfeeding children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Shore
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jonathan Behlen
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Dylan McBee
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Keerthana Prayaga
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Faith Haugen
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lenore Craig
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Michael Shields
- Geochemical & Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Toriq Mustapha
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Navada Harvey
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Natalie Johnson
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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17
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Han X, Wang H, Du F, Zeng X, Guo C. Nrf2 for a key member of redox regulation: A novel insight against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115855. [PMID: 37939614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a nuclear transcription factor, modulates genes responsible for antioxidant responses against toxic and oxidative stress to maintain redox homeostasis and participates in varieties of cellular processes such as metabolism and inflammation during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries (MIRI). The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from damaged mitochondria, xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidases, and inflammation contributes to depraved myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries. Considering that Nrf2 played crucial roles in antagonizing oxidative stress, it is reasonable to delve into the up or down-regulated molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 in the progression of MIRI to provide the possibility of new therapeutic medicine targeting Nrf2 in cardiovascular diseases. This review systematically describes the generation of ROS, the regulatory metabolisms of Nrf2 as well as several natural or synthetic compounds activating Nrf2 during MIRI, which might provide novel insights for the anti-oxidative stress and original ideas targeting Nrf2 for the prevention and treatment in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Han
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaomin Lane, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 You An Men Wai Xi Tou Tiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Fenghe Du
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, PR China
| | - Xiangjun Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 You An Men Wai Xi Tou Tiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Caixia Guo
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaomin Lane, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, PR China.
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Dai G, Li M, Xu H, Quan N. Status of Research on Sestrin2 and Prospects for its Application in Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Myocardial Aging. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101910. [PMID: 37422038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac aging is accompanied by changes in the heart at the cellular and molecular levels, leading to alterations in cardiac structure and function. Given today's increasingly aging population, the decline in cardiac function caused by cardiac aging has a significant impact on quality of life. Antiaging therapies to slow the aging process and attenuate changes in cardiac structure and function have become an important research topic. Treatment with drugs, including metformin, spermidine, rapamycin, resveratrol, astaxanthin, Huolisu oral liquid, and sulforaphane, has been demonstrated be effective in delaying cardiac aging by stimulating autophagy, delaying ventricular remodeling, and reducing oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. Furthermore, caloric restriction has been shown to play an important role in delaying aging of the heart. Many studies in cardiac aging and cardiac aging-related models have demonstrated that Sestrin2 has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, stimulates autophagy, delays aging, regulates mitochondrial function, and inhibits myocardial remodeling by regulation of relevant signaling pathways. Therefore, Sestrin2 is likely to become an important target for antimyocardial aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoying Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meina Li
- Department of Infection Control, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nanhu Quan
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Hassanein EHM, Ibrahim IM, Abd-Alhameed EK, Sharawi ZW, Jaber FA, Althagafy HS. Nrf2/HO-1 as a therapeutic target in renal fibrosis. Life Sci 2023; 334:122209. [PMID: 37890696 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and affects between 10 and 14 % of the world's population. The World Health Organization estimates that by 2040, the disease will be fifth in prevalence. End-stage CKD is characterized by renal fibrosis, which can eventually lead to kidney failure and death. Renal fibrosis develops due to multiple injuries and involves oxidative stress and inflammation. In the human body, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in the expression of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective genes, which prevents oxidative stress and inflammation damage. Heme oxygenase (HO-1) is an inducible homolog influenced by heme products and after exposure to cellular stress inducers such as oxidants, inflammatory chemokines/cytokines, and tissue damage as an outcome or downstream of Nrf2 activation. HO-1 is known for its antioxidative properties, which play an important role in regulating oxidative stress. In renal diseases-induced tissue fibrosis and xenobiotics-induced renal fibrosis, Nrf2/HO-1 has been targeted with promising results. This review summarizes these studies and highlights the interesting bioactive compounds that may assist in attenuating renal fibrosis mediated by HO-1 activation. In conclusion, Nrf2/HO-1 signal activation could have a renoprotective effect strategy against CKD caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, and consequent renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Islam M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Esraa K Abd-Alhameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Zeina W Sharawi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima A Jaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Che J, Yang X, Jin Z, Xu C. Nrf2: A promising therapeutic target in bone-related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115748. [PMID: 37865995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, as it suppresses cell damage caused by external stimuli by regulating the transcription of intracellular defense-related genes. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the crucial role of reduction-oxidation (REDOX) imbalance in the development of bone-related diseases. Nrf2, a transcription factor linked to nuclear factor-erythrocyte 2, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of oxidative stress and induction of antioxidant defenses. Therefore, further investigation of the mechanism and function of Nrf2 in bone-related diseases is essential. Considerable evidence suggests that increased nuclear transcription of Nrf2 in response to external stimuli promotes the expression of intracellular antioxidant-related genes, which in turn leads to the inhibition of bone remodeling imbalance, improved fracture recovery, reduced occurrence of osteoarthritis, and greater tumor resistance. Certain natural extracts can selectively target Nrf2, potentially offering therapeutic benefits for osteogenic arthropathy. In this article, the biological characteristics of Nrf2 are reviewed, the intricate interplay between Nrf2-regulated REDOX imbalance and bone-related diseases is explored, and the potential preventive and protective effects of natural products targeting Nrf2 in these diseases are elucidated. A comprehensive understanding of the role of Nrf2 in the development of bone-related diseases provides valuable insights into clinical interventions and can facilitate the discovery of novel Nrf2-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Che
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhankui Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Cuixiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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21
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Luo C, Hou C, Yang D, Tan T, Chao C. Urolithin C alleviates pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetes by activating Nrf2 signaling. Nutr Diabetes 2023; 13:24. [PMID: 38040681 PMCID: PMC10692094 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-023-00253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder that destroys insulin-generating pancreatic β-cells. Preserving pancreatic β-cell function is important for treating T1D. Our study aims to explore the mechanism underlying urolithin C (UC)-mediated regulation of β-cell function. METHODS Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were administrated with UC to evaluate UC-mediated protection of T1D. The inflammation of the pancreas islets was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) assay and oral glucose tolerance test were applied to evaluate the progression of T1D. MIN6 cells were treated with TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ in the presence of UC. Cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8. Cell apoptosis, proliferation and DNA fragmentation were examined by Annexin V-FITC and PI staining, EdU incorporation and comet assays. Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 were examined by western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to detect Nrf2 and insulin. RESULTS UC administration significantly reduced diabetes incidence, attenuated insulitis, elevated insulin levels and GSIS and reduced blood glucose and AUC in NOD mice. Cytokine treatment suppressed MIN6 cell viability and proliferation but enhanced apoptosis and DNA damage, and these detrimental effects were relieved by UC treatment. Furthermore, UC administration inhibited Keap1 expression and promoted the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 in NOD mice. Nrf2 signaling has been reported to be implicated in preventing the onset of diabetes, and HO-1 and NQO1 are phase II antioxidant enzymes that are regulated by Nrf2 signaling. Cytokine treatment upregulated Keap1 and downregulated Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 in MIN6 cells, but it was reversed by UC. The nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was prevented by cytokine treatment, but UC promoted its nuclear translocation. UC-mediated upregulation of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1, decreased cell apoptosis and increased proliferation and insulin secretion were abolished by silencing of Nrf2. CONCLUSION UC improves pancreatic β-cell function by activating Nrf2 signaling, thereby alleviating T1D progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Can Hou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Danyi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Tingting Tan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Chen Chao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China.
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22
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Paiboonrungruang C, Xiong Z, Lamson D, Li Y, Bowman B, Chembo J, Huang C, Li J, Livingston EW, Frank JE, Chen V, Li Y, Weissman B, Yuan H, Williams KP, Ben Major M, Chen X. Small molecule screen identifies pyrimethamine as an inhibitor of NRF2-driven esophageal hyperplasia. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102901. [PMID: 37776708 PMCID: PMC10558795 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE NRF2 is a master transcription factor that regulates the stress response. NRF2 is frequently mutated and activated in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which drives resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Therefore, a great need exists for NRF2 inhibitors for targeted therapy of NRF2high ESCC. DESIGN We performed high-throughput screening of two compound libraries from which hit compounds were further validated in human ESCC cells and a genetically modified mouse model. The mechanism of action of one compound was explored by biochemical assays. RESULTS Using high-throughput screening of two small molecule compound libraries, we identified 11 hit compounds as potential NRF2 inhibitors with minimal cytotoxicity at specified concentrations. We then validated two of these compounds, pyrimethamine and mitoxantrone, by demonstrating their dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effects on the expression of NRF2 and its target genes in two NRF2Mut human ESCC cells (KYSE70 and KYSE180). RNAseq and qPCR confirmed the suppression of global NRF2 signaling by these two compounds. Mechanistically, pyrimethamine reduced NRF2 half-life by promoting NRF2 ubiquitination and degradation in KYSE70 and KYSE180 cells. Expression of an Nrf2E79Q allele in mouse esophageal epithelium (Sox2CreER;LSL-Nrf2E79Q/+) resulted in an NRF2high phenotype, which included squamous hyperplasia, hyperkeratinization, and hyperactive glycolysis. Treatment with pyrimethamine (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.) suppressed the NRF2high esophageal phenotype with no observed toxicity. CONCLUSION We have identified and validated pyrimethamine as an NRF2 inhibitor that may be rapidly tested in the clinic for NRF2high ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chorlada Paiboonrungruang
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA; Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA
| | - Zhaohui Xiong
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA; Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA
| | - David Lamson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA
| | - Yahui Li
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA; Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA
| | - Brittany Bowman
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Julius Chembo
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Caizhi Huang
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA
| | - Jianying Li
- Euclados Bioinformatics Solutions, Cary, NC, 27519, USA
| | - Eric W Livingston
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 277599, USA
| | - Jon E Frank
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 277599, USA
| | - Vivian Chen
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Bernard Weissman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 277599, USA
| | - Hong Yuan
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 277599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 277599, USA; Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 277599, USA
| | - Kevin P Williams
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA.
| | - M Ben Major
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA; Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA; Surgical Research Lab, Department of Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA; Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA.
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23
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Ye X, Toyama T, Taguchi K, Arisawa K, Kaneko T, Tsutsumi R, Yamamoto M, Saito Y. Sulforaphane decreases serum selenoprotein P levels through enhancement of lysosomal degradation independent of Nrf2. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1060. [PMID: 37857700 PMCID: PMC10587141 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05449-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein P (SeP) is a major selenoprotein in serum predominantly produced in the liver. Excess SeP impairs insulin secretion from the pancreas and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, thus inhibition of SeP could be a therapeutic strategy for type 2 diabetes. In this study, we examine the effect of sulforaphane (SFN), a phytochemical of broccoli sprouts and an Nrf2 activator, on SeP expression in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of HepG2 cells with SFN decreases inter- and intra-cellular SeP levels. SFN enhances lysosomal acidification and expression of V-ATPase, and inhibition of this process cancels the decrease of SeP by SFN. SFN activates Nrf2 in the cells, while Nrf2 siRNA does not affect the decrease of SeP by SFN or lysosomal acidification. These results indicate that SFN decreases SeP by enhancing lysosomal degradation, independent of Nrf2. Injection of SFN to mice results in induction of cathepsin and a decrease of SeP in serum. The findings from this study are expected to contribute to developing SeP inhibitors in the future, thereby contributing to treating and preventing diseases related to increased SeP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Keiko Taguchi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kotoko Arisawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kaneko
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ryouhei Tsutsumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.
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24
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Ji H, Jiang Z, Wei C, Ma Y, Zhao J, Wang F, Zhao B, Wang D, Tang D. Intratumoural microbiota: from theory to clinical application. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:164. [PMID: 37381018 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01134-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several environmental, genetic and lifestyle factors are associated with the development of cancer in humans and result in suboptimal treatment. The human microbiota has been implicated in the pathophysiological process of cancer and has been used as a diagnostic, prognostic and risk assessment tool in cancer management. Notably, both extratumoural and intratumoural microbiota are important components of the tumor microenvironment, subtly influencing tumorigenesis, progression, treatment and prognosis. The potential oncogenic mechanisms of action of the intratumoural microbiota include induction of DNA damage, influence on cell signaling pathways and impairment of immune responses. Some naturally occurring or genetically engineered microorganisms can specifically accumulate and replicate in tumors and then initiate various anti-tumor programs, ultimately promoting the therapeutic effect of tumor microbiota and reducing the toxic and side effects of conventional tumor treatments, which may be conducive to the pursuit of accurate cancer treatment. In this review, we summarise evidence revealing the impact of the intratumoural microbiota on cancer occurrence and progress and potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications, which may be a promising novel strategy to inhibit tumor development and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ji
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengting Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Wei
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yichao Ma
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiahao Zhao
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
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25
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Endo R, Chikano H, Itabashi E, Kawasaki M, Ohara T, Kakizaki T. Large insertion in radish GRS1 enhances glucoraphanin content in intergeneric hybrids, Raphanobrassica ( Raphanus sativus L. x Brassica oleracea var. acephala). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1132302. [PMID: 37346118 PMCID: PMC10279979 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1132302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs), precursors of isothiocyanates (ITCs), are present in Brassicaceae plants have been found to have health benefits. Sulforaphane (4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl ITC) is an ITC stored in the form of 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl GSL (glucoraphanin, 4MSOB) in Brassica vegetables, such as broccoli and kale. Sulforaphane activates Nrf2 expression, a transcription factor responsible for inducing physiological activities such as detoxification in the human body, and it represents a functional component unique to cruciferous vegetables. Raphanobrassica is an inter-generic hybrid between radish and kale, and it contains a high amount of 4MSOB. However, Raphanobrassica contains as much 4-methylsulfinyl-3-butenyl GSL (glucoraphenin, 4MSO3B) as it does 4MSOB. GLUCORAPHASATIN SYNTHASE 1 (GRS1) is an enzyme present in radish that synthesizes 4-methylthio-3-butenyl GSL (glucoraphasatin, 4MT3B), a precursor of 4MSO3B, using 4-(methylthio)butyl GSL (glucoerucin, 4MTB) as a substrate. Since the precursor of 4MSOB is also 4MTB, it was considered that both 4MSOB and 4MSO3B accumulate owing to competition in Raphanobrassica. We hypothesized that owing to the impaired function of GRS1 in Raphanobrassica, it may be possible to breed Raphanobrassica cultivars containing a high 4MSOB content. In this study, we generated Raphanobrassica populations with functional and defective GRS1 and compared the GSL composition in the two populations using high-performance liquid chromatography. The mean 4MSOB content in leaves of the defective-type populations was higher than that in the functional-type population, and the defective/functional ratio ranged from 2.02 to 2.51-fold, supporting this hypothesis. Furthermore, leaves, flower buds, stems, and roots contained higher amounts of 4MSOB in the defective population than in the functional population. The leaf 4MSOB content of defective Raphanobrassica grown in this study was comparable to that of previously studied vegetables (such as broccoli sprouts) with high 4MSOB content. Raphanobrassica with defective GRS1 represents a new leafy vegetable with high 4MSOB content which exhibits anti-cancerous and anti-inflammatory potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Endo
- Agricultural and Bio Resource Development Department, Innovation Division, KAGOME CO., LTD., Nasushiobara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Chikano
- Agricultural and Bio Resource Development Department, Innovation Division, KAGOME CO., LTD., Nasushiobara, Japan
| | - Etsuko Itabashi
- Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsu, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Kawasaki
- Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsu, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ohara
- Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kakizaki
- Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsu, Japan
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26
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Etoh K, Nakao M. A web-based integrative transcriptome analysis, RNAseqChef, uncovers cell/tissue type-dependent action of sulforaphane. J Biol Chem 2023:104810. [PMID: 37172729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is a powerful technique for understanding cellular state and dynamics. However, comprehensive transcriptomic characterization of multiple RNA-seq datasets is laborious without bioinformatics training and skills. To remove the barriers to sequence data analysis in the research community, we have developed "RNAseqChef" (RNA-seq data controller highlighting expression features), a web-based platform of systematic transcriptome analysis that can automatically detect, integrate, and visualize differentially expressed genes and their biological functions. To validate its versatile performance, we examined the pharmacological action of sulforaphane (SFN), a natural isothiocyanate, on various types of cells and mouse tissues using multiple datasets in vitro and in vivo. Notably, SFN treatment upregulated the ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response in the liver and the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response in the skeletal muscle of diet-induced obese mice. In contrast, the commonly downregulated pathways included collagen synthesis and circadian rhythms in the tissues tested. On the server of RNAseqChef, we simply evaluated and visualized all analyzing data and discovered the NRF2-independent action of SFN. Collectively, RNAseqChef provides an easy-to-use open resource that identifies context-dependent transcriptomic features and standardizes data assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Etoh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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27
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Qiao P, Sun Y, Wang Y, Lin S, An Y, Wang L, Liu J, Huang Y, Yang B, Zhou H. Activation of NRF2 Signaling Pathway Delays the Progression of Hyperuricemic Nephropathy by Reducing Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051022. [PMID: 37237889 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA)-induced oxidative stress is a crucial contributor to hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN), but the molecular mechanisms underlying the disturbed redox homeostasis in kidneys remain elusive. Using RNA sequencing, together with biochemical analyses, we found that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) expression and nuclear localization levels were increased in early HN progression and then gradually declined below the baseline level. We identified the impaired activity of the NRF2-activated antioxidant pathway as a driver of oxidative damage in HN progression. Through nrf2 deletion, we further confirmed aggravated kidney damage in nrf2 knockout HN mice compared with HN mice. In contrast, the pharmacological agonist of NRF2 improved kidney function and alleviated renal fibrosis in mice. Mechanistically, the activation of NRF2 signaling reduced oxidative stress by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis and reducing NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression in vivo or in vitro. Moreover, the activation of NRF2 promoted the expression levels of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of cells. Furthermore, the activation of NRF2 ameliorated renal fibrosis in HN mice through the downregulation of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) signaling pathway and ultimately delayed the progression of HN. Collectively, these results suggested NRF2 as a key regulator in improving mitochondrial homeostasis and fibrosis in renal tubular cells by reducing oxidative stress, upregulating the antioxidant signaling pathway, and downregulating the TGF-β1 signaling pathway. The activation of NRF2 represents a promising strategy to restore redox homeostasis and combat HN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panshuang Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Simei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yongpan An
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yajun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of the Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Nagata K, Araumi S, Ando D, Ito N, Ando M, Ikeda Y, Takahashi M, Noguchi S, Yasuda Y, Nakano N, Ando T, Hara M, Yashiro T, Hachisu M, Nishiyama C. Kaempferol Suppresses the Activation of Mast Cells by Modulating the Expression of FcεRI and SHIP1. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065997. [PMID: 36983066 PMCID: PMC10059252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the effects of kaempferol on bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). Kaempferol treatment significantly and dose-dependently inhibited IgE-induced degranulation, and cytokine production of BMMCs under the condition that cell viability was maintained. Kaempferol downregulated the surface expression levels of FcεRI on BMMCs, but the mRNA levels of FcεRIα, β, and γ-chains were not changed by kaempferol treatment. Furthermore, the kaempferol-mediated downregulation of surface FcεRI on BMMCs was still observed when protein synthesis or protein transporter was inhibited. We also found that kaempferol inhibited both LPS- and IL-33-induced IL-6 production from BMMCs, without affecting the expression levels of their receptors, TLR4 and ST2. Although kaempferol treatment increased the protein amount of NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-a master transcription factor of antioxidant stress-in BMMCs, the inhibition of NRF2 did not alter the suppressive effect of kaempferol on degranulation. Finally, we found that kaempferol treatment increased the levels of mRNA and protein of a phosphatase SHIP1 in BMMCs. The kaempferol-induced upregulation of SHIP1 was also observed in peritoneal MCs. The knockdown of SHIP1 by siRNA significantly enhanced IgE-induced degranulation of BMMCs. A Western blotting analysis showed that IgE-induced phosphorylation of PLCγ was suppressed in kaempferol-treated BMMCs. These results indicate that kaempferol inhibited the IgE-induced activation of BMMCs by downregulating FcεRI and upregulating SHIP1, and the SHIP1 increase is involved in the suppression of various signaling-mediated stimulations of BMMCs, such as those associated with TLR4 and ST2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Nagata
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Sanae Araumi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ando
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Naoto Ito
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Miki Ando
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Yuki Ikeda
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Miki Takahashi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Sakura Noguchi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Yayoi Yasuda
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakano
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Mutsuko Hara
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takuya Yashiro
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hachisu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishiyama
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
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29
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Butterfield DA, Boyd-Kimball D, Reed TT. Cellular Stress Response (Hormesis) in Response to Bioactive Nutraceuticals with Relevance to Alzheimer Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:643-669. [PMID: 36656673 PMCID: PMC10025851 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia associated with aging. As the large Baby Boomer population ages, risk of developing AD increases significantly, and this portion of the population will increase significantly over the next several decades. Recent Advances: Research suggests that a delay in the age of onset by 5 years can dramatically decrease both the incidence and cost of AD. In this review, the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in AD is examined in the context of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and biliverdin reductase-A (BVR-A) and the beneficial potential of selected bioactive nutraceuticals. Critical Issues: Nrf2, a transcription factor that binds to enhancer sequences in antioxidant response elements (ARE) of DNA, is significantly decreased in AD brain. Downstream targets of Nrf2 include, among other proteins, HO-1. BVR-A is activated when biliverdin is produced. Both HO-1 and BVR-A also are oxidatively or nitrosatively modified in AD brain and in its earlier stage, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), contributing to the oxidative stress, altered insulin signaling, and cellular damage observed in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Bioactive nutraceuticals exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties and are potential topics of future clinical research. Specifically, ferulic acid ethyl ester, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and resveratrol target Nrf2 and have shown potential to delay the progression of AD in animal models and in some studies involving MCI patients. Future Directions: Understanding the regulation of Nrf2 and its downstream targets can potentially elucidate therapeutic options for delaying the progression of AD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 643-669.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Debra Boyd-Kimball
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio, USA
| | - Tanea T. Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, USA
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30
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Kodama N, Okada H, Hachisu M, Ando M, Ito N, Nagata K, Katagiri M, Yasuda Y, Hiroki I, Yashiro T, Ichihara G, Yamamoto M, Nishiyama C. A rose flavor compound activating the NRF2 pathway in dendritic cells ameliorates contact hypersensitivity in mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1081263. [PMID: 36845043 PMCID: PMC9946980 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1081263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), which are typical antigen-presenting cells, localize to various sites in the body, particularly the front line of infection as sentinels, and are involved in innate and adaptive immune responses. Although the functions of DCs, such as pathogen-induced cytokine production and antigen-specific T cell activation, are important for host defenses against infection and tumorigenesis, the hyper- and/or extended activation of DCs leads to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In the present study, β-damascone, a major ingredient of rose fragrance, was selected from an aroma library as a candidate compound that suppresses antigen-induced immune responses. β-Damascone inhibited the functions of DCs, including the antigen-dependent proliferation of T cells, DC-induced Th1 development, and the TLR ligand-induced production of inflammatory cytokines by DCs. The β-damascone treatment also increased the protein level of the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which plays key roles in antioxidant responses, and the transcription of Hmox1 and Nqo1, target genes of NRF2, in DCs. Nrf2 -/ - DCs induced Th1-development and produced large amount of IL-12p40 even in the presence of β-damascone, whereas these functions by Nrf2 +/- DCs were inhibited by β-damascone under the same conditions. The intake of β-damascone suppressed ear swelling in contact hypersensitivity (CHS) model mice, but not in CHS-induced Nrf2 -/ - mice. Collectively, the present results indicate the potential of the rose aroma compound β-damascone, which suppresses DC-mediated immune responses by activating the NRF2 pathway in DCs, for the prevention and/or attenuation of immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kodama
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hikaru Okada
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hachisu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Ando
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Ito
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nagata
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuka Katagiri
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yayoi Yasuda
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikumi Hiroki
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Yashiro
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishiyama
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Chiharu Nishiyama,
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Aggarwal M. 2,2-Diphenethyl Isothiocyanate Enhances Topoisomerase Inhibitor-Induced Cell Death and Suppresses Multi-Drug Resistance 1 in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030928. [PMID: 36765888 PMCID: PMC9913484 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a dietary-related compound, can rescue mutant p53. A structure-activity relationships study showed that the synthetic analog 2,2-diphenylethyl isothiocyanate (DPEITC) is a more potent inducer of apoptosis than natural or synthetic ITCs. Here, we showed that DPEITC inhibited the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and Hs578T) expressing "hotspot" p53 mutants, structural (p53R280K, p53R273H) or contact (p53V157F), at IC50 values significantly lower than PEITC. DPEITC inhibited the growth of HER2+ (p53R175H SK-BR-3, p53R175H AU565) and Luminal A (p53L194F T47D) breast cancer (BC) cells harboring a p53 structural mutant. DPEITC induced apoptosis, irrespective of BC subtypes, by rescuing p53 mutants. Accordingly, the rescued p53 mutants induced apoptosis by activating canonical WT p53 targets and delaying the cell cycle. DPEITC acted synergistically with doxorubicin and camptothecin to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis. Under these conditions, DPEITC delayed BC cells in the G1 phase, activated p53 canonical targets, and enhanced pS1981-ATM. DPEITC reduced the expression of MDR1 and ETS1. These findings are the first report of synergism between a synthetic ITC and a chemotherapy drug via mutant p53 rescue. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that ITCs suppress the expression of cellular proteins that play a role in chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Aggarwal
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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32
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Alrawaiq NS, Atia A, Abdullah A. Effect of Administration of an Equal Dose of Selected Dietary Chemicals on Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation in the Mouse Liver. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:9291417. [PMID: 37077659 PMCID: PMC10110381 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9291417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Certain dietary chemicals influenced the expression of chemopreventive genes through the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway. However, the difference in Nrf2 activation potency of these chemicals is not well studied. This study is aimed at determining the difference in the potency of liver Nrf2 nuclear translocation induced by the administration of equal doses of selected dietary chemicals in mice. Male ICR white mice were administered 50 mg/kg of sulforaphane, quercetin, curcumin, butylated hydroxyanisole, and indole-3-carbinol for 14 days. On day 15, the animals were sacrificed, and their livers were isolated. Liver nuclear extracts were prepared, and Nrf2 nuclear translocation was detected through Western blotting. To determine the implication of the Nrf2 nuclear translocation on the expression levels of several Nrf2-regulated genes, liver RNA was extracted for qPCR assay. Equal doses of sulforaphane, quercetin, curcumin, butylated hydroxyanisole, and indole-3-carbinol significantly induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 with different intensities and subsequently increased the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes with an almost similar pattern as the Nrf2 nuclear translocation intensities (sulforaphane > butylated hydroxyanisole = indole-3-carbinol > curcumin > quercetin). In conclusion, sulforaphane is the most potent dietary chemical that induces the Nrf2 translocation into the nuclear fraction in the mouse liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Salem Alrawaiq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
| | - Ahmed Atia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medical Technology, Tripoli University, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Azman Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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DiNicolantonio JJ, McCarty MF, O'Keefe JH. Nutraceutical activation of Sirt1: a review. Open Heart 2022; 9:openhrt-2022-002171. [PMID: 36522127 PMCID: PMC9756291 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2022-002171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The deacetylase sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), activated by calorie restriction and fasting, exerts several complementary effects on cellular function that are favourable to healthspan; it is often thought of as an 'anti-aging' enzyme. Practical measures which might boost Sirt1 activity are therefore of considerable interest. A number of nutraceuticals have potential in this regard. Nutraceuticals reported to enhance Sirt1 synthesis or protein expression include ferulic acid, tetrahydrocurcumin, urolithin A, melatonin, astaxanthin, carnosic acid and neochlorogenic acid. The half-life of Sirt1 protein can be enhanced with the natural nicotinamide catabolite N1-methylnicotinamide. The availability of Sirt1's obligate substrate NAD+ can be increased in several ways: nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide can function as substrates for NAD+ synthesis; activators of AMP-activated kinase-such as berberine-can increase expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, which is rate limiting for NAD+ synthesis; and nutraceutical quinones such as thymoquinone and pyrroloquinoline quinone can boost NAD+ by promoting oxidation of NADH. Induced ketosis-as via ingestion of medium-chain triglycerides-can increase NAD+ in the brain by lessening the reduction of NAD+ mediated by glycolysis. Post-translational modifications of Sirt1 by O-GlcNAcylation or sulfonation can increase its activity, suggesting that administration of glucosamine or of agents promoting hydrogen sulfide synthesis may aid Sirt1 activity. Although resveratrol has poor pharmacokinetics, it can bind to Sirt1 and activate it allosterically-as can so-called sirtuin-activating compound drugs. Since oxidative stress can reduce Sirt1 activity in multiple ways, effective antioxidant supplementation that blunts such stress may also help preserve Sirt1 activity in some circumstances. Combination nutraceutical regimens providing physiologically meaningful doses of several of these agents, capable of activating Sirt1 in complementary ways, may have considerable potential for health promotion. Such measures may also amplify the benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in non-diabetic disorders, as these benefits appear to reflect upregulation of Sirt1 and AMP-activated protein kinase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J DiNicolantonio
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Mark F McCarty
- Catalytic Longevity Foundation, Encinitas, California, USA
| | - James H O'Keefe
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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34
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Boretti A. Natural Products as Cancer Chemo Preventive Agents: Where We Stand. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221144579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This work briefly reviews cancer chemoprevention. This is a very challenging field, as products with a high level of toxicity such as chemotherapeutic agents may be proposed and accepted only under life-threatening conditions. Cancer chemoprevention is otherwise limited to completely safe substances, preferably having neither toxic nor side effects, administered in relatively low amounts. Phases of clinical trials, therapeutic end-points, and biomarkers of chemoprevention are difficult to be defined. The clinical trials needed to prove the efficacy of chemopreventive agents must be very long and extremely widespread to achieve significance, with many variables difficult to control, and therefore subjected to many confounding factors. This makes them almost impossible. It is, therefore, no surprise, if the progress of chemoprevention has been so far very limited. There are only a few examples of direct use of chemopreventive agents, under investigation, but with anything but established protocols, in addition to indirect uses such as general supplementation with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-supportive agents. Cancer chemoprevention remains a potentially very rewarding approach, certainly worth further study, but extremely difficult to pursue, in need of different methodological approaches to producing valuable chemopreventive compounds of clear dosages and benefits.
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35
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Su ZY, Lai BA, Lin ZH, Wei GJ, Huang SH, Tung YC, Wu TY, Hun Lee J, Hsu YC. Water extract of lotus leaves has hepatoprotective activity by enhancing Nrf2- and epigenetics-mediated cellular antioxidant capacity in mouse hepatocytes. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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36
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Molecular Pathways Related to Sulforaphane as Adjuvant Treatment: A Nanomedicine Perspective in Breast Cancer. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58101377. [PMID: 36295538 PMCID: PMC9610969 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Because cancer is a multifactorial disease, it is difficult to identify the specific agents responsible for the disease's progression and development, but lifestyle and diet have been shown to play a significant role. Diverse natural compounds are demonstrating efficacy in the development of novel cancer therapies, including sulforaphane (1-isothiocyanate-4-(methylsulfinyl)butane), a compound found in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables that promotes key biological processes such as apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and suppression of key signalling pathways such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in breast cancer cells. However, one of the primary challenges with sulforaphane treatment is its low solubility in water and oral bioavailability. As a consequence, several investigations were conducted using this component complexed in nanoparticles, which resulted in superior outcomes when combined with chemotherapy drugs. In this study, we discuss the properties and benefits of sulforaphane in cancer therapy, as well as its ability to form complexes with nanomolecules and chemotherapeutic agents that synergize the antitumour response in breast cancer cells.
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37
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Chen SS, Lee D, Zhang H, Cao XH, DuPrez K. Long-term IgE immunological tolerance to peanut allergens: An alternative to Noon's daily desensitization paradigm. Cell Immunol 2022; 381:104611. [PMID: 36194940 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we show that profound afferent long-term peanut-allergen-specific IgE immunological tolerance for 3 to 9 months induced sustained unresponsiveness (SU) in naïve or peanut-sensitized rodents after peanut allergen immunization. Rodents were vaccinated sublingually with a peanut allergen extract or recombinant peanut allergen in chenodeoxycholate (CDCA), a fanesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) agonist that downregulates SREBP-1c (sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c) and upregulates SHP in bone marrow-derived tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs). Approximately 90 ∼ 95 % of the total circulating PE-potentiated IgE and Ara h1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 6 peanut allergen-specific IgE responses were suppressed by recombinant peanut allergen-conjugated solid magnetic beads (sensitivity of 0.2 IU/ml). In contrast, peanut allergen-specific IgG production was not affected. Similarly, oleoylethanolamine (OEA), a peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor alpha (PPARα) agonist, and GW9662, a PPARγ antagonist, induced long-term peanut-specific IgE tolerance when administered via the sublingual, oral or i.p. route. Prophylactic Ara h2 DNA immunization with caNRF2 and IL-35 coexpression induced Ara h2 IgE tolerance. In summary, peanut allergen vaccination with select natural molecular ligands of nuclear receptors induced long-term peanut allergen-specific IgE tolerance via the afferent limb, which indicates that vaccination is an immune tolerance-promoting strategy that is effective at the DC level and that differs from Noon's daily desensitization program, which is effective at the mast cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swey-Shen Chen
- Division of Vaccinology and Immunotherapy, IGE Therapeutics Inc., 10225 Barnes Canyon Road, Suite A106, San Diego, CA 92121, United States; Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Institute of Genetics, 10225 Barnes Canyon Road, Suite A106, San Diego, CA 92121, United States; Department of Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy, AAIIT LLC, 12528 Kirkham Ct, STE 8, Poway, CA 92064, United States.
| | - David Lee
- Division of Vaccinology and Immunotherapy, IGE Therapeutics Inc., 10225 Barnes Canyon Road, Suite A106, San Diego, CA 92121, United States
| | - Hailan Zhang
- Division of Vaccinology and Immunotherapy, IGE Therapeutics Inc., 10225 Barnes Canyon Road, Suite A106, San Diego, CA 92121, United States; Department of Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy, AAIIT LLC, 12528 Kirkham Ct, STE 8, Poway, CA 92064, United States
| | - Xi-Hua Cao
- Division of Vaccinology and Immunotherapy, IGE Therapeutics Inc., 10225 Barnes Canyon Road, Suite A106, San Diego, CA 92121, United States
| | - Kevin DuPrez
- Division of Vaccinology and Immunotherapy, IGE Therapeutics Inc., 10225 Barnes Canyon Road, Suite A106, San Diego, CA 92121, United States
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38
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Nutraceutical Prevention of Diabetic Complications—Focus on Dicarbonyl and Oxidative Stress. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4314-4338. [PMID: 36135209 PMCID: PMC9498143 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44090297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative and dicarbonyl stress, driven by excess accumulation of glycolytic intermediates in cells that are highly permeable to glucose in the absence of effective insulin activity, appear to be the chief mediators of the complications of diabetes. The most pathogenically significant dicarbonyl stress reflects spontaneous dephosphorylation of glycolytic triose phosphates, giving rise to highly reactive methylglyoxal. This compound can be converted to harmless lactate by the sequential activity of glyoxalase I and II, employing glutathione as a catalyst. The transcription of glyoxalase I, rate-limiting for this process, is promoted by Nrf2, which can be activated by nutraceutical phase 2 inducers such as lipoic acid and sulforaphane. In cells exposed to hyperglycemia, glycine somehow up-regulates Nrf2 activity. Zinc can likewise promote glyoxalase I transcription, via activation of the metal-responsive transcription factor (MTF) that binds to the glyoxalase promoter. Induction of glyoxalase I and metallothionein may explain the protective impact of zinc in rodent models of diabetic complications. With respect to the contribution of oxidative stress to diabetic complications, promoters of mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, UCP2 inducers, inhibitors of NAPDH oxidase, recouplers of eNOS, glutathione precursors, membrane oxidant scavengers, Nrf2 activators, and correction of diabetic thiamine deficiency should help to quell this.
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Ashikari T, Hachisu M, Nagata K, Ando D, Iizuka Y, Ito N, Ito K, Ikeda Y, Matsubara H, Yashiro T, Kasakura K, Nishiyama C. Salicylaldehyde Suppresses IgE-Mediated Activation of Mast Cells and Ameliorates Anaphylaxis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158826. [PMID: 35955959 PMCID: PMC9368859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) play key roles in IgE-mediated immunoresponses, including in the protection against parasitic infections and the onset and/or symptoms of allergic diseases. IgE-mediated activation induces MCs to release mediators, including histamine and leukotriene, as an early response, and to produce cytokines as a late phase response. Attempts have been made to identify novel antiallergic compounds from natural materials such as Chinese medicines and food ingredients. We herein screened approximately 60 compounds and identified salicylaldehyde, an aromatic aldehyde isolated from plant essential oils, as an inhibitor of the IgE-mediated activation of MCs. A degranulation assay, flow cytometric analyses, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays revealed that salicylaldehyde inhibited the IgE-mediated degranulation and cytokine expression of bone-marrow-derived MCs (BMMCs). The salicylaldehyde treatment reduced the surface expression level of FcεRI, the high affinity receptor for IgE, on BMMCs, and suppressed the IgE-induced phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in intercellular proteins, possibly Lyn, Syk, and Fyn, in BMMCs. We also examined the effects of salicylaldehyde in vivo using passive anaphylaxis mouse models and found that salicylaldehyde administration significantly enhanced the recovery of a reduced body temperature due to systemic anaphylaxis and markedly suppressed ear swelling, footpad swelling, and vascular permeability in cutaneous anaphylaxis.
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Bahiraii S, Brenner M, Yan F, Weckwerth W, Heiss EH. Sulforaphane diminishes moonlighting of pyruvate kinase M2 and interleukin 1β expression in M1 (LPS) macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:935692. [PMID: 35983049 PMCID: PMC9380596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.935692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine macrophages activated by the Toll-like receptor 4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) polarize to the M1 type by inducing proinflammatory marker proteins and changing their energy metabolism to increased aerobic glycolysis and reduced respiration. We here show that the aliphatic isothiocyanate sulforaphane (Sfn) diminishes M1 marker expression (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, NO, and ROS) and leads to highly energetic cells characterized by both high glycolytic and high respiratory activity as assessed by extracellular flux analysis. Focusing on a potential connection between high glycolytic activity and low IL-1β expression in M1 (LPS/Sfn) macrophages, we reveal that Sfn impedes the moonlighting function of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) in M1 macrophages. Sfn limits mono/dimerization and nuclear residence of PKM2 accompanied by reduced HIF-1α levels, Stat3 phosphorylation at tyrosine 705, and IL-1β expression while preserving high levels of cytosolic PKM2 tetramer with high glycolytic enzyme activity. Sfn prevents glutathionylation of PKM2 in LPS-stimulated macrophages which may account for the reduced loss of PKM2 tetramer. Overall, we uncover PKM2 as a novel affected hub within the anti-inflammatory activity profile of Sfn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyda Bahiraii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (VDS PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Brenner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (VDS PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fangfang Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Molecular Systems Biology (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H. Heiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Yang CS, Chen T, Ho CT. Redox and Other Biological Activities of Tea Catechins That May Affect Health: Mechanisms and Unresolved Issues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7887-7899. [PMID: 35727888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial health effects of green tea have been attributed to tea catechins. However, the molecular mechanisms of action, especially those in vivo, remain unclear. This article reviews the redox and other activities of tea catechins, using (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), as an example. EGCG is a well-known antioxidant. However, EGCG can be oxidized to generate reactive oxygen species and EGCG quinone. We propose that EGCG quinone can react with Keap-1 to activate Nrf2-regulated cytoprotective enzymes. Tissue levels of catechins are important for their biological activities; a section is devoted to reviewing the biological fates of tea catechins after ingestion. Possible EGCG oxidation in vivo and whether the oligomeric forms are biologically active in animals are discussed. We also review the effects of EGCG on the activities of enzymes, receptors, and other signaling molecules through binding and raise a question about whether the autoxidation of EGCG in vitro may lead to artifacts or misinterpretation in some studies. Finally, we discuss the challenges in the extrapolation of in vitro results to situations in vivo and the translation of laboratory studies to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Food Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
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Pouremamali F, Pouremamali A, Dadashpour M, Soozangar N, Jeddi F. An update of Nrf2 activators and inhibitors in cancer prevention/promotion. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:100. [PMID: 35773670 PMCID: PMC9245222 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein is a basic-region leucine zipper transcription factor that defends against endogenous or exogenous stressors. By inducing several cytoprotective and detoxifying gene expressions, Nrf2 can increase the sensitivity of the cells to oxidants and electrophiles. Transient Nrf2 activation, by its specific activators, has protective roles against carcinogenesis and cancer development. However, permanent activation of Nrf2 promotes various cancer properties, comprising malignant progression, chemo/radio resistance, and poor patient prognosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that reaching an optimal balance between paradoxical functions of Nrf2 in malignancy may render a selective improvement to identify therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment. In this review, we describe lately discovered Nrf2 inducers and inhibitors, and their chemopreventive and/or anticancer activities. The Nrf2 pathway signifies one of the most significant cell defense procedures against exogenous or endogenous stressors. Certainly, by increasing the expression of several cytoprotective genes, the transcription factor Nrf2 can shelter cells and tissues from multiple sources of damage including electrophilic, xenobiotic, metabolic, and oxidative stress. Notably, the aberrant activation or accumulation of Nrf2, a common event in many tumors, confers a selective advantage to cancer cells and is connected to malignant progression, therapy resistance, and poor prognosis. Therefore, lately, Nrf2 has arisen as a hopeful target in treatment of cancer, and many struggles have been made to detect therapeutic strategies intended at disrupting its pro-oncogenic role. By summarizing the outcomes from past and recent studies, this review provided an overview concerning the Nrf2 pathway and the molecular mechanisms causing Nrf2 hyperactivation in cancer cells. Finally, this paper also described some of the most promising therapeutic approaches that have been successfully employed to counteract Nrf2 activity in tumors, with a particular emphasis on the development of natural compounds and the adoption of drug repurposing strategies. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Pouremamali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Pouremamali
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Narges Soozangar
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. .,Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jeddi
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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43
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Egbujor MC, Petrosino M, Zuhra K, Saso L. The Role of Organosulfur Compounds as Nrf2 Activators and Their Antioxidant Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1255. [PMID: 35883746 PMCID: PMC9311638 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling has become a key pathway for cellular regulation against oxidative stress and inflammation, and therefore an attractive therapeutic target. Several organosulfur compounds are reportedly activators of the Nrf2 pathway. Organosulfur compounds constitute an important class of therapeutic agents in medicinal chemistry due to their ability to participate in biosynthesis, metabolism, cellular functions, and protection of cells from oxidative damage. Sulfur has distinctive chemical properties such as a large number of oxidation states and versatility of reactions that promote fundamental biological reactions and redox biochemistry. The presence of sulfur is responsible for the peculiar features of organosulfur compounds which have been utilized against oxidative stress-mediated diseases. Nrf2 activation being a key therapeutic strategy for oxidative stress is closely tied to sulfur-based chemistry since the ability of compounds to react with sulfhydryl (-SH) groups is a common property of Nrf2 inducers. Although some individual organosulfur compounds have been reported as Nrf2 activators, there are no papers with a collective analysis of these Nrf2-activating organosulfur compounds which may help to broaden the knowledge of their therapeutic potentials and motivate further research. In line with this fact, for the first time, this review article provides collective and comprehensive information on Nrf2-activating organosulfur compounds and their therapeutic effects against oxidative stress, thereby enriching the chemical and pharmacological diversity of Nrf2 activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melford Chuka Egbujor
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Rhema University Nigeria, Aba 453115, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Maria Petrosino
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Karim Zuhra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Nazeri M, Nemati H, Khazaei M. Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and apoptosis induction and inhibition of NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response in human prostate cancer PC3 cells by Brassica oleracea var. acephala: An in vitro study. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7251-7261. [PMID: 35614167 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07507-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassica oleracea var. acephala is a good source of health-promoting biologically active compounds like phenolics, vitamins, and glucosinolates. METHODS AND RESULTS This in vitro research was conducted to evaluate the apoptotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties of ethanolic extract of Brassica oleracea var. acephala (EEBO) in PC3 prostate cancer cells. The LC-MS/MS technique was applied to identify the biomolecules of EEBO. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of EEBO on PC3 cells. Moreover, qRT-PCR was used to examine the expression levels of Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, BAX, and BCL-2 in PC3 cell line. MMP was predicted by Rhodamine 123 staining, and release of cytochrome c was detected by an ELISA kit. Further, apoptosis was quantified by DNA fragmentation assay. The Western blotting method was used to detect the protein expression levels, and The DPPH assay was applied to determine the antioxidant effect of EEBO. The formula and structure of 19 biomolecules were predicted by LC-MS/MS. EEBO exhibited scavenging activity for DPPH. The MTT test showed EEBO reduced the viability of PC3 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of NRF2 pathway genes and BAX were increased, but those of the NF-κB pathway genes and BCL-2 were decreased in the EEBO-treated cells. Moreover, EEBO led to the diminution of MMP and enhanced the release of cytochrome c and DNA fragmentation, which resulted in apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Molecular changes due to the anticancer impact of EEBO on PC3 were involved in the induction of Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and apoptosis and inhibition of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Nazeri
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Houshang Nemati
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Nutraceuticals/Drugs Promoting Mitophagy and Mitochondrial Biogenesis May Combat the Mitochondrial Dysfunction Driving Progression of Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091985. [PMID: 35565950 PMCID: PMC9104458 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the crucial retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are characterized by mitochondria that are structurally and functionally defective. Moreover, deficient expression of the mRNA-editing enzyme Dicer is noted specifically in these cells. This Dicer deficit up-regulates expression of Alu RNA, which in turn damages mitochondria—inducing the loss of membrane potential, boosting oxidant generation, and causing mitochondrial DNA to translocate to the cytoplasmic region. The cytoplasmic mtDNA, in conjunction with induced oxidative stress, triggers a non-canonical pathway of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to the production of interleukin-18 that acts in an autocrine manner to induce apoptotic death of RPE cells, thereby driving progression of dry AMD. It is proposed that measures which jointly up-regulate mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis (MB), by replacing damaged mitochondria with “healthy” new ones, may lessen the adverse impact of Alu RNA on RPE cells, enabling the prevention or control of dry AMD. An analysis of the molecular biology underlying mitophagy/MB and inflammasome activation suggests that nutraceuticals or drugs that can activate Sirt1, AMPK, Nrf2, and PPARα may be useful in this regard. These include ferulic acid, melatonin urolithin A and glucosamine (Sirt1), metformin and berberine (AMPK), lipoic acid and broccoli sprout extract (Nrf2), and fibrate drugs and astaxanthin (PPARα). Hence, nutraceutical regimens providing physiologically meaningful doses of several or all of the: ferulic acid, melatonin, glucosamine, berberine, lipoic acid, and astaxanthin, may have potential for control of dry AMD.
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Saraf R, Datta A, Sima C, Hua J, Lopes R, Bittner ML, Miller T, Wilson-Robles HM. In Silico Modeling of the Induction of Apoptosis by Cryptotanshinone in Osteosarcoma Cell Lines. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2022; 19:1683-1693. [PMID: 33180729 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2020.3037318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor of both children and pet canines. Its characteristic genomic instability and complexity coupled with the dearth of knowledge about its etiology has made improvement in the current treatment difficult. We use the existing literature about the biological pathways active in OS and combine it with the current research involving natural compounds to identify new targets and design more effective drug therapies. The key components of these pathways are modeled as a Boolean network with multiple inputs and multiple outputs. The combinatorial circuit is employed to theoretically predict the efficacies of various drugs in combination with Cryptotanshinone. We show that the action of the herbal drug, Cryptotanshinone on OS cell lines induces apoptosis by increasing sensitivity to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) through its multi-pronged action on STAT3, DRP1 and DR5. The Boolean framework is used to detect additional drug intervention points in the pathway that could amplify the action of Cryptotanshinone.
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Bauman JE, Hsu CH, Centuori S, Guillen-Rodriguez J, Garland LL, Ho E, Padi M, Bageerathan V, Bengtson L, Wojtowicz M, Szabo E, Chow HHS. Randomized Crossover Trial Evaluating Detoxification of Tobacco Carcinogens by Broccoli Seed and Sprout Extract in Current Smokers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092129. [PMID: 35565256 PMCID: PMC9105060 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of cruciferous vegetables, rich in the isothiocyanate glucoraphanin, is associated with reduced risk of tobacco-related cancers. Sulforaphane, released by hydrolysis of glucoraphanin, potently induces cytoprotective phase II enzymes. Sulforaphane decreased the incidence of oral cancer in the 4NQO carcinogenesis model. In residents of Qidong, China, broccoli seed and sprout extracts (BSSE) increased detoxification of air pollutants benzene and acrolein, also found in tobacco smoke. This randomized, crossover trial evaluated detoxification of tobacco carcinogens by the BSSE Avmacol® in otherwise healthy smokers. Participants were treated for 2 weeks with both low and higher-dose BSSE (148 µmol vs. 296 µmol of glucoraphanin daily), separated by a 2-week washout, with randomization to low-high vs. high-low sequence. The primary endpoint was detoxification of benzene, measured by urinary excretion of its mercapturic acid, SPMA. Secondary endpoints included bioavailability, detoxification of acrolein and crotonaldehyde, modulation by GST genotype, and toxicity. Forty-nine participants enrolled, including 26 (53%) females with median use of 20 cigarettes/day. Low and higher-dose BSSE showed a mean bioavailability of 11% and 10%, respectively. Higher-dose BSSE significantly upregulated urinary excretion of the mercapturic acids of benzene (p = 0.04), acrolein (p < 0.01), and crotonaldehyde (p = 0.02), independent of GST genotype. Retention and compliance were high resulting in early study completion. In conclusion, BSSE significantly upregulated detoxification of the tobacco carcinogens benzene, acrolein, and crotonaldehyde in current tobacco smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E. Bauman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arizona (UA) and UA Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (S.C.); (L.L.G.); (H.-H.S.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, George Washington (GW) University and GW Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Chiu-Hsieh Hsu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UA and UA Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | - Sara Centuori
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arizona (UA) and UA Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (S.C.); (L.L.G.); (H.-H.S.C.)
| | - Jose Guillen-Rodriguez
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, UA Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (J.G.-R.); (M.P.); (V.B.)
| | - Linda L. Garland
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arizona (UA) and UA Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (S.C.); (L.L.G.); (H.-H.S.C.)
| | - Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Megha Padi
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, UA Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (J.G.-R.); (M.P.); (V.B.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, UA, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Vignesh Bageerathan
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, UA Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (J.G.-R.); (M.P.); (V.B.)
| | - Lisa Bengtson
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.B.); (M.W.); (E.S.)
| | - Malgorzata Wojtowicz
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.B.); (M.W.); (E.S.)
| | - Eva Szabo
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.B.); (M.W.); (E.S.)
| | - H.-H. Sherry Chow
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arizona (UA) and UA Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (S.C.); (L.L.G.); (H.-H.S.C.)
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Chianese G, Sirignano C, Benetti E, Marzaroli V, Collado JA, de la Vega L, Appendino G, Muñoz E, Taglialatela-Scafati O. A Nrf-2 Stimulatory Hydroxylated Cannabidiol Derivative from Hemp ( Cannabis sativa). JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:1089-1097. [PMID: 35316044 PMCID: PMC9040056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c01198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical analysis of mother liquors obtained from crystallization of CBD from hemp (Cannabis sativa), guided by LC-MS/MS and molecular networking profiling and completed by isolation and NMR-based characterization of constituents, resulted in the identification of 13 phytocannabinoids. Among them, anhydrocannabimovone (5), isolated for the first time as a natural product, and three new hydroxylated CBD analogues (1,2-dihydroxycannabidiol, 6, 3,4-dehydro-1,2-dihydroxycannabidiol, 7, and hexocannabitriol, 8) were obtained. Hexocannabitriol (8) potently modulated, in a ROS-independent way, the Nrf2 pathway, outperforming all other cannabinoids obtained in this study and qualifying as a potential new chemopreventive chemotype against cancer and other degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Chianese
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmina Sirignano
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Juan A. Collado
- Instituto
Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba
(IMIBIC), Avenida Menéndez
Pidal, s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento
de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain, and Hospital
Universitario Reina Sofía, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Lauren de la Vega
- Jacqui
Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, James Arnott Drive, Ninewells Hospital, DD2 1UB Dundee, U.K.
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Eduardo Muñoz
- Instituto
Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba
(IMIBIC), Avenida Menéndez
Pidal, s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento
de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain, and Hospital
Universitario Reina Sofía, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Li Z, Song L, Liu Y, Han F, Liu W. Electrophysiological, Morphologic, and Transcriptomic Profiling of the Ogura-CMS, DGMS and Maintainer Broccoli Lines. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:561. [PMID: 35214894 PMCID: PMC8880064 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To better serve breeding of broccoli, the electrophysiological, morphological and transcriptomic profiling of the isogenic Ogura-CMS, DGMS and their maintainer fertile lines, were carried out by scanning electron microscopy, investigation of agronomic traits and RNA-sequencing analysis. The agronomic traits of plant height, length of the largest leaf, plant spread angle, single head weight, head width and stem diameter showed stronger performance in Ogura-CMS broccoli than in DGMS line or maintainer fertile line. However, the Ogura-CMS broccoli was poorer in the seed yield and seed germination than in the DGMS line and maintainer fertile line. Additionally, the DGMS broccoli had longer maturation and flowering periods than the Ogura-CMS and maintainer fertile lines. There were obvious differences in the honey gland, happening in the male sterility and fertile lines of broccoli. Additionally, the mechanism regulating Ogura-CMS and DGMS in broccoli was investigated using florets transcriptome analyses of the Ogura-CMS, DGMS and maintainer fertile lines. As a result, a total of 2670 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, including 1054 up- and 1616 downregulated genes in the Ogura-CMS and DGMS lines compared to the maintainer fertile line. A number of functionally known genes involved in plant hormones (auxin, salicylic acid and brassinosteroid), five Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes of atp8, LOC106319879, LOC106324734, LOC106314622 and LOC106298585, and three upregulated genes (Lhcb1, Lhcb3 and Lhcb5) associated with the photosynthesis-antenna protein pathway, were obviously detected to be highly associated with reproductive development including flowering time, maturity and reproductive period in the Ogura-CMS and DGMS broccoli comparing to their maintainer fertile line. Our research would provide a comprehensive foundation for understanding the differences of electrophysiological, morphological and transcriptomic profiles in the Ogura-CMS, DGMS and maintainer broccoli, and as well as being beneficial to exploring the mechanism of male sterility in Brassica crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhansheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.L.); (F.H.)
- China Vegetable Biotechnology (Shouguang) Co., Ltd., Shouguang 262700, China;
| | - Lixiao Song
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Yumei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Fengqing Han
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Wei Liu
- China Vegetable Biotechnology (Shouguang) Co., Ltd., Shouguang 262700, China;
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Li W, Swiderski K, Murphy KT, Lynch GS. Role for Plant-Derived Antioxidants in Attenuating Cancer Cachexia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:183. [PMID: 35204066 PMCID: PMC8868096 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is the progressive muscle wasting and weakness experienced by many cancer patients. It can compromise the response to gold standard cancer therapies, impair functional capacity and reduce overall quality of life. Cancer cachexia accounts for nearly one-third of all cancer-related deaths and has no effective treatment. The pathogenesis of cancer cachexia and its progression is multifactorial and includes increased oxidative stress derived from both the tumor and the host immune response. Antioxidants have therapeutic potential to attenuate cancer-related muscle loss, with polyphenols, a group of plant-derived antioxidants, being the most widely investigated. This review describes the potential of these plant-derived antioxidants for treating cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gordon S. Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (W.L.); (K.S.); (K.T.M.)
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