1
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Lohse MJ, Bock A, Zaccolo M. G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling: New Insights Define Cellular Nanodomains. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 64:387-415. [PMID: 37683278 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-040623-115054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors are the largest and pharmacologically most important receptor family and are involved in the regulation of most cell functions. Most of them reside exclusively at the cell surface, from where they signal via heterotrimeric G proteins to control the production of second messengers such as cAMP and IP3 as well as the activity of several ion channels. However, they may also internalize upon agonist stimulation or constitutively reside in various intracellular locations. Recent evidence indicates that their function differs depending on their precise cellular localization. This is because the signals they produce, notably cAMP and Ca2+, are mostly bound to cell proteins that significantly reduce their mobility, allowing the generation of steep concentration gradients. As a result, signals generated by the receptors remain confined to nanometer-sized domains. We propose that such nanometer-sized domains represent the basic signaling units in a cell and a new type of target for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Lohse
- ISAR Bioscience Institute, Planegg/Munich, Germany;
- Rudolf Boehm Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Bock
- Rudolf Boehm Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manuela Zaccolo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and National Institute for Health and Care Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
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2
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D’Alessio A. Unraveling the Cave: A Seventy-Year Journey into the Caveolar Network, Cellular Signaling, and Human Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2680. [PMID: 38067108 PMCID: PMC10705299 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mid-1950s, a groundbreaking discovery revealed the fascinating presence of caveolae, referred to as flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane, sparking renewed excitement in the field of cell biology. Caveolae are small, flask-shaped invaginations in the cell membrane that play crucial roles in diverse cellular processes, including endocytosis, lipid homeostasis, and signal transduction. The structural stability and functionality of these specialized membrane microdomains are attributed to the coordinated activity of scaffolding proteins, including caveolins and cavins. While caveolae and caveolins have been long appreciated for their integral roles in cellular physiology, the accumulating scientific evidence throughout the years reaffirms their association with a broad spectrum of human disorders. This review article aims to offer a thorough account of the historical advancements in caveolae research, spanning from their initial discovery to the recognition of caveolin family proteins and their intricate contributions to cellular functions. Furthermore, it will examine the consequences of a dysfunctional caveolar network in the development of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio D’Alessio
- Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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3
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He X, Lan H, Jin K, Liu F. Cholesterol in colorectal cancer: an essential but tumorigenic precursor? Front Oncol 2023; 13:1276654. [PMID: 38023258 PMCID: PMC10655112 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1276654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies, and with the growth of societies and lifestyle changes, the rate of people suffering from it increases yearly. Important factors such as genetics, family history, nutrition, lifestyle, smoking, and alcohol can play a significant role in increasing susceptibility to this cancer. On the other hand, the metabolism of several macromolecules is also involved in the fate of tumors and immune cells. The evidence discloses that cholesterol and its metabolism can play a role in the pathogenesis of several cancers because there appears to be an association between cholesterol levels and CRC, and cholesterol-lowering drugs may reduce the risk. Furthermore, changes or mutations of some involved genes in cholesterol metabolism, such as CYP7A1 as well as signaling pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), can play a role in CRC pathogenesis. This review summarized and discussed the role of cholesterol in the pathogenesis of CRC as well as available cholesterol-related therapeutic approaches in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua Wenrong Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanrong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fanlong Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Shpakov AO. Allosteric Regulation of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors: From Diversity of Molecular Mechanisms to Multiple Allosteric Sites and Their Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6187. [PMID: 37047169 PMCID: PMC10094638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Allosteric regulation is critical for the functioning of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their signaling pathways. Endogenous allosteric regulators of GPCRs are simple ions, various biomolecules, and protein components of GPCR signaling (G proteins and β-arrestins). The stability and functional activity of GPCR complexes is also due to multicenter allosteric interactions between protomers. The complexity of allosteric effects caused by numerous regulators differing in structure, availability, and mechanisms of action predetermines the multiplicity and different topology of allosteric sites in GPCRs. These sites can be localized in extracellular loops; inside the transmembrane tunnel and in its upper and lower vestibules; in cytoplasmic loops; and on the outer, membrane-contacting surface of the transmembrane domain. They are involved in the regulation of basal and orthosteric agonist-stimulated receptor activity, biased agonism, GPCR-complex formation, and endocytosis. They are targets for a large number of synthetic allosteric regulators and modulators, including those constructed using molecular docking. The review is devoted to the principles and mechanisms of GPCRs allosteric regulation, the multiplicity of allosteric sites and their topology, and the endogenous and synthetic allosteric regulators, including autoantibodies and pepducins. The allosteric regulation of chemokine receptors, proteinase-activated receptors, thyroid-stimulating and luteinizing hormone receptors, and beta-adrenergic receptors are described in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander O Shpakov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
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5
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Rosenhouse-Dantsker A, Gazgalis D, Logothetis DE. PI(4,5)P 2 and Cholesterol: Synthesis, Regulation, and Functions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1422:3-59. [PMID: 36988876 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21547-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) is the most abundant membrane phosphoinositide and cholesterol is an essential component of the plasma membrane (PM). Both lipids play key roles in a variety of cellular functions including as signaling molecules and major regulators of protein function. This chapter provides an overview of these two important lipids. Starting from a brief description of their structure, synthesis, and regulation, the chapter continues to describe the primary functions and signaling processes in which PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol are involved. While PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol can act independently, they often act in concert or affect each other's impact. The chapters in this volume on "Cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2 in Vital Biological Functions: From Coexistence to Crosstalk" focus on the emerging relationship between cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2 in a variety of biological systems and processes. In this chapter, the next section provides examples from the ion channel field demonstrating that PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol can act via common mechanisms. The chapter ends with a discussion of future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitris Gazgalis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diomedes E Logothetis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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6
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Svec KV, Howe AK. Protein Kinase A in cellular migration—Niche signaling of a ubiquitous kinase. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:953093. [PMID: 35959460 PMCID: PMC9361040 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.953093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration requires establishment and maintenance of directional polarity, which in turn requires spatial heterogeneity in the regulation of protrusion, retraction, and adhesion. Thus, the signaling proteins that regulate these various structural processes must also be distinctly regulated in subcellular space. Protein Kinase A (PKA) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase involved in innumerable cellular processes. In the context of cell migration, it has a paradoxical role in that global inhibition or activation of PKA inhibits migration. It follows, then, that the subcellular regulation of PKA is key to bringing its proper permissive and restrictive functions to the correct parts of the cell. Proper subcellular regulation of PKA controls not only when and where it is active but also specifies the targets for that activity, allowing the cell to use a single, promiscuous kinase to exert distinct functions within different subcellular niches to facilitate cell movement. In this way, understanding PKA signaling in migration is a study in context and in the elegant coordination of distinct functions of a single protein in a complex cellular process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn V. Svec
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Alan K. Howe
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, V T, United States
- University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- *Correspondence: Alan K. Howe,
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7
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Self-organization and surface properties of hBest1 in models of biological membranes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 302:102619. [PMID: 35276535 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The transmembrane Ca2+ - activated Cl- channel - human bestrophin-1 (hBest1) is expressed in retinal pigment epithelium and mutations of BEST1 gene cause ocular degenerative diseases colectivelly referred to as "bestrophinopathies". A large number of genetical, biochemical, biophysical and molecular biological studies have been performed to understand the relationship between structure and function of the hBest1 protein and its pathophysiological significance. Here, we review the current understanding of hBest1 surface organization, interactions with membrane lipids in model membranes, and its association with microdomains of cellular membranes. These highlights are significant for modulation of channel activity in cells.
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8
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Kunselman JM, Lott J, Puthenveedu MA. Mechanisms of selective G protein-coupled receptor localization and trafficking. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2021; 71:158-165. [PMID: 33965654 PMCID: PMC8328924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The trafficking of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to different membrane compartments has recently emerged as being a critical determinant of the signaling profiles of activation. GPCRs, which share many structural and functional similarities, also share many mechanisms that traffic them between compartments. This sharing raises the question of how the trafficking of individual GPCRs is selectively regulated. Here, we will discuss recent studies addressing the mechanisms that contribute to selectivity in endocytic and biosynthetic trafficking of GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Kunselman
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joshua Lott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Manojkumar A Puthenveedu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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9
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Mustapha S, Mohammed M, Azemi AK, Yunusa I, Shehu A, Mustapha L, Wada Y, Ahmad MH, Ahmad WANW, Rasool AHG, Mokhtar SS. Potential Roles of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Cellular Proteins Implicated in Diabesity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8830880. [PMID: 33995826 PMCID: PMC8099518 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8830880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has evolved from protein synthesis, processing, and other secretory pathways to forming a foundation for lipid biosynthesis and other metabolic functions. Maintaining ER homeostasis is essential for normal cellular function and survival. An imbalance in the ER implied stressful conditions such as metabolic distress, which activates a protective process called unfolded protein response (UPR). This response is activated through some canonical branches of ER stress, i.e., the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Therefore, chronic hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, increased proinflammatory cytokines, and free fatty acids (FFAs) found in diabesity (a pathophysiological link between obesity and diabetes) could lead to ER stress. However, limited data exist regarding ER stress and its association with diabesity, particularly the implicated proteins and molecular mechanisms. Thus, this review highlights the role of ER stress in relation to some proteins involved in diabesity pathogenesis and provides insight into possible pathways that could serve as novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagir Mustapha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Mustapha Mohammed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Ahmad Khusairi Azemi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ismaeel Yunusa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina, College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Aishatu Shehu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Lukman Mustapha
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Yusuf Wada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Zoology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Mubarak Hussaini Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
- School of Pharmacy Technician, Aminu Dabo College of Health Sciences and Technology, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad
- Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Safiah Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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10
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Bobkov D, Yudintceva N, Lomert E, Shatrova A, Kever L, Semenova S. Lipid raft integrity is required for human leukemia Jurkat T-cell migratory activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158917. [PMID: 33662545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipid rafts are membrane microdomains featuring high cholesterol, sphingolipid, and protein content. These microdomains recruit various receptors, ion channels, and signaling molecules for coordination of various cellular functions, including synaptic transmission, immune response, cytoskeletal organization, adhesion, and migration. Many of these processes also depend on Ca2+ intake. We have previously shown in Jurkat cells that activity of transient receptor potential vanilloid, type 6 (TRPV6) calcium channel, and TRPV6-mediated Ca2+ influx, depend on lipid raft integrity. In this study, using the transwell cell migration assay and time-lapse video microscopy with Jurkat cells, we found that lipid raft destruction was associated with: inhibited cell adhesion and migration; and decreased mean speed, maximum speed, and trajectory length. Using String Server, we constructed a Protein Interaction Network (PIN). The network indicated that TRPV6 proteins interact with the highest probability (0.9) with Src family kinase members (SFKs) involved in processes related to cell migration. Analysis of detergent-resistant membrane fractions and immunoelectron microscopy data confirmed an association in lipid rafts between TRPV6 and Lck kinase, an SFKs member. Destruction of lipid rafts led to uncoupling of TRPV6 clusters with Lck and their departure from the plasma membrane into the cytosol of the cells. Src family kinases are generally associated with their roles in tumor invasion and progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, angiogenesis, and metastatic development. We suggest that a functional interaction between TRPV6 calcium channels and SFKs members in lipid rafts is one of necessary elements of migration and oncogenic signaling in leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Bobkov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Prospekt, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Natalia Yudintceva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Prospekt, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Lomert
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Prospekt, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Alla Shatrova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Prospekt, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Lyudmila Kever
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Prospekt, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Svetlana Semenova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Prospekt, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
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11
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Interaction of drugs with lipid raft membrane domains as a possible target. Drug Target Insights 2021; 14:34-47. [PMID: 33510571 PMCID: PMC7832984 DOI: 10.33393/dti.2020.2185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Plasma membranes are not the homogeneous bilayers of uniformly distributed lipids but the lipid complex with laterally separated lipid raft membrane domains, which provide receptor, ion channel and enzyme proteins with a platform. The aim of this article is to review the mechanistic interaction of drugs with membrane lipid rafts and address the question whether drugs induce physicochemical changes in raft-constituting and raft-surrounding membranes. Methods Literature searches of PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2020 were conducted to include articles published in English in internationally recognized journals. Collected articles were independently reviewed by title, abstract and text for relevance. Results The literature search indicated that pharmacologically diverse drugs interact with raft model membranes and cellular membrane lipid rafts. They could physicochemically modify functional protein-localizing membrane lipid rafts and the membranes surrounding such domains, affecting the raft organizational integrity with the resultant exhibition of pharmacological activity. Raft-acting drugs were characterized as ones to decrease membrane fluidity, induce liquid-ordered phase or order plasma membranes, leading to lipid raft formation; and ones to increase membrane fluidity, induce liquid-disordered phase or reduce phase transition temperature, leading to lipid raft disruption. Conclusion Targeting lipid raft membrane domains would open a new way for drug design and development. Since angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors which are a cell-specific target of and responsible for the cellular entry of novel coronavirus are localized in lipid rafts, agents that specifically disrupt the relevant rafts may be a drug against coronavirus disease 2019.
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12
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Crilly SE, Puthenveedu MA. Compartmentalized GPCR Signaling from Intracellular Membranes. J Membr Biol 2020; 254:259-271. [PMID: 33231722 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins that transduce a wide array of inputs including light, ions, hormones, and neurotransmitters into intracellular signaling responses which underlie complex processes ranging from vision to learning and memory. Although traditionally thought to signal primarily from the cell surface, GPCRs are increasingly being recognized as capable of signaling from intracellular membrane compartments, including endosomes, the Golgi apparatus, and nuclear membranes. Remarkably, GPCR signaling from these membranes produces functional effects that are distinct from signaling from the plasma membrane, even though often the same G protein effectors and second messengers are activated. In this review, we will discuss the emerging idea of a "spatial bias" in signaling. We will present the evidence for GPCR signaling through G protein effectors from intracellular membranes, and the ways in which this signaling differs from canonical plasma membrane signaling with important implications for physiology and pharmacology. We also highlight the potential mechanisms underlying spatial bias of GPCR signaling, including how intracellular membranes and their associated lipids and proteins affect GPCR activity and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie E Crilly
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Manojkumar A Puthenveedu
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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13
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Carotenuto AR, Lunghi L, Piccolo V, Babaei M, Dayal K, Pugno N, Zingales M, Deseri L, Fraldi M. Mechanobiology predicts raft formations triggered by ligand-receptor activity across the cell membrane. JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS 2020; 141:103974. [PMID: 32461703 PMCID: PMC7243794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmps.2020.103974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Clustering of ligand-binding receptors of different types on thickened isles of the cell membrane, namely lipid rafts, is an experimentally observed phenomenon. Although its influence on cell's response is deeply investigated, the role of the coupling between mechanical processes and multiphysics involving the active receptors and the surrounding lipid membrane during ligand-binding has not yet been understood. Specifically, the focus of this work is on G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the widest group of transmembrane proteins in animals, which regulate specific cell processes through chemical signalling pathways involving a synergistic balance between the cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) produced by active GPCRs in the intracellular environment and its efflux, mediated by the Multidrug Resistance Proteins (MRPs) transporters. This paper develops a multiphysics approach based on the interplay among energetics, multiscale geometrical changes and mass balance of species, i.e. active GPCRs and MRPs, including diffusion and kinetics of binding and unbinding. Because the obtained energy depends upon both the kinematics and the changes of species densities, balance of mass and of linear momentum are coupled and govern the space-time evolution of the cell membrane. The mechanobiology involving remodelling and change of lipid ordering of the cell membrane allows to predict dynamics of transporters and active receptors -in full agreement with experimentally observed cAMP levels- and how the latter trigger rafts formation and cluster on such sites. Within the current scientific debate on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and on the basis of the ascertained fact that lipid rafts often serve as an entry port for viruses, it is felt that approaches accounting for strong coupling among mechanobiological aspects could even turn helpful in better understanding membrane-mediated phenomena such as COVID-19 virus-cell interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo R. Carotenuto
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Italy
| | - Laura Lunghi
- Smiling International School, formerly at the Department of Life Sciences and Biotech., University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Piccolo
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Italy
| | - Mahnoush Babaei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon, USA
| | - Kaushik Dayal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon, USA
| | - Nicola Pugno
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Italy
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired, Bionic, Nano, Meta Materials & Mechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano, 77, Trento 38123, Italy
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Massimiliano Zingales
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Universitàdi Palermo, viale delle Scienze ed.8, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Deseri
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Italy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Sciences, SSoE, University of Pittsburgh USA
- Department of Nanomedicine, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, USA
| | - Massimiliano Fraldi
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Italy
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14
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The Role of Cyclic AMP Signaling in Cardiac Fibrosis. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010069. [PMID: 31888098 PMCID: PMC7016856 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial stress and injury invariably promote remodeling of the cardiac tissue, which is associated with cardiomyocyte death and development of fibrosis. The fibrotic process is initially triggered by the differentiation of resident cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. These activated fibroblasts display increased proliferative capacity and secrete large amounts of extracellular matrix. Uncontrolled myofibroblast activation can thus promote heart stiffness, cardiac dysfunction, arrhythmias, and progression to heart failure. Despite the well-established role of myofibroblasts in mediating cardiac disease, our current knowledge on how signaling pathways promoting fibrosis are regulated and coordinated in this cell type is largely incomplete. In this respect, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling acts as a major modulator of fibrotic responses activated in fibroblasts of injured or stressed hearts. In particular, accumulating evidence now suggests that upstream cAMP modulators including G protein-coupled receptors, adenylyl cyclases (ACs), and phosphodiesterases (PDEs); downstream cAMP effectors such as protein kinase A (PKA) and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Epac; and cAMP signaling organizers such as A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) modulate a variety of fundamental cellular processes involved in myocardial fibrosis including myofibroblast differentiation, proliferation, collagen secretion, and invasiveness. The current review will discuss recent advances highlighting the role of cAMP and AKAP-mediated signaling in regulating pathophysiological responses controlling cardiac fibrosis.
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15
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Buenaventura T, Bitsi S, Laughlin WE, Burgoyne T, Lyu Z, Oqua AI, Norman H, McGlone ER, Klymchenko AS, Corrêa IR, Walker A, Inoue A, Hanyaloglu A, Grimes J, Koszegi Z, Calebiro D, Rutter GA, Bloom SR, Jones B, Tomas A. Agonist-induced membrane nanodomain clustering drives GLP-1 receptor responses in pancreatic beta cells. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000097. [PMID: 31430273 PMCID: PMC6716783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), a key pharmacological target in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, undergoes rapid endocytosis after stimulation by endogenous and therapeutic agonists. We have previously highlighted the relevance of this process in fine-tuning GLP-1R responses in pancreatic beta cells to control insulin secretion. In the present study, we demonstrate an important role for the translocation of active GLP-1Rs into liquid-ordered plasma membrane nanodomains, which act as hotspots for optimal coordination of intracellular signaling and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. This process is dynamically regulated by agonist binding through palmitoylation of the GLP-1R at its carboxyl-terminal tail. Biased GLP-1R agonists and small molecule allosteric modulation both influence GLP-1R palmitoylation, clustering, nanodomain signaling, and internalization. Downstream effects on insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells indicate that these processes are relevant to GLP-1R physiological actions and might be therapeutically targetable. Nanodomain segregation and clustering of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, a key target for type 2 diabetes therapy, is regulated by agonist binding, leading to compartmentalization of downstream signaling and clathrin-dependent internalization and impacting pancreatic beta cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Buenaventura
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stavroula Bitsi
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - William E. Laughlin
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Burgoyne
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zekun Lyu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Affiong I. Oqua
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Norman
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma R. McGlone
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrey S. Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR CNRS 7021, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Ivan R. Corrêa
- New England Biolabs, Ipswich, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Abigail Walker
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aylin Hanyaloglu
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jak Grimes
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham and Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zsombor Koszegi
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham and Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Davide Calebiro
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham and Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen R. Bloom
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Jones
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AT); (BJ)
| | - Alejandra Tomas
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AT); (BJ)
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16
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Huang Y, Deng Y, Shang L, Yang L, Huang J, Ma J, Liao X, Zhou H, Xian J, Liang G, Huang Q. Effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus caveolin-3 K15N mutation on glycometabolism. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2531-2539. [PMID: 31572504 PMCID: PMC6755474 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-3 (CAV3) is a muscle-specific protein present within the muscle cell membrane that affects signaling pathways, including the insulin signaling pathway. A previous assessment of patients with newly developed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) demonstrated that CAV3 gene mutations may lead to changes in protein secondary structure. A severe CAV3 P104L mutation has previously been indicated to influence the phosphorylation of skeletal muscle cells and result in impaired glucose metabolism. In the present study, the effect of CAV3 K15N gene transfection in C2C12 cells was assessed. Transfection with K15N reduced the expression of total CAV3 and AKT2 proteins in the cells, and the translocation of glucose transporter type 4 to the muscle cell membrane, which resulted in decreased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in myocytes. In conclusion, these results indicate that the CAV3 K15N mutation may cause insulin-stimulated impaired glucose metabolism in myocytes, which may contribute to the development of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Huang
- School of Nursing, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Deng
- School of Nursing, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Lina Shang
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Yang
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Huang
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xianshan Liao
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xian
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guining Liang
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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17
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DeLalio LJ, Keller AS, Chen J, Boyce AKJ, Artamonov MV, Askew-Page HR, Keller TCS, Johnstone SR, Weaver RB, Good ME, Murphy SA, Best AK, Mintz EL, Penuela S, Greenwood IA, Machado RF, Somlyo AV, Swayne LA, Minshall RD, Isakson BE. Interaction Between Pannexin 1 and Caveolin-1 in Smooth Muscle Can Regulate Blood Pressure. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2065-2078. [PMID: 30026274 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Sympathetic nerve innervation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a major regulator of arteriolar vasoconstriction, vascular resistance, and blood pressure. Importantly, α-adrenergic receptor stimulation, which uniquely couples with Panx1 (pannexin 1) channel-mediated ATP release in resistance arteries, also requires localization to membrane caveolae. Here, we test whether localization of Panx1 to Cav1 (caveolin-1) promotes channel function (stimulus-dependent ATP release and adrenergic vasoconstriction) and is important for blood pressure homeostasis. Approach and Results- We use in vitro VSMC culture models, ex vivo resistance arteries, and a novel inducible VSMC-specific Cav1 knockout mouse to probe interactions between Panx1 and Cav1. We report that Panx1 and Cav1 colocalized on the VSMC plasma membrane of resistance arteries near sympathetic nerves in an adrenergic stimulus-dependent manner. Genetic deletion of Cav1 significantly blunts adrenergic-stimulated ATP release and vasoconstriction, with no direct influence on endothelium-dependent vasodilation or cardiac function. A significant reduction in mean arterial pressure (total=4 mm Hg; night=7 mm Hg) occurred in mice deficient for VSMC Cav1. These animals were resistant to further blood pressure lowering using a Panx1 peptide inhibitor Px1IL2P, which targets an intracellular loop region necessary for channel function. Conclusions- Translocalization of Panx1 to Cav1-enriched caveolae in VSMCs augments the release of purinergic stimuli necessary for proper adrenergic-mediated vasoconstriction and blood pressure homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon J DeLalio
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.).,Department of Pharmacology (L.J.D., A.S.K.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville
| | - Alexander S Keller
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.).,Department of Pharmacology (L.J.D., A.S.K.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville
| | | | - Andrew K J Boyce
- Division of Medical Sciences, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada (A.K.J.B., L.A.S.)
| | - Mykhaylo V Artamonov
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.V.A., T.C.S.K., A.V.S., B.E.I.)
| | - Henry R Askew-Page
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - T C Stevenson Keller
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.).,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.V.A., T.C.S.K., A.V.S., B.E.I.)
| | - Scott R Johnstone
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Rachel B Weaver
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Miranda E Good
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Sara A Murphy
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Angela K Best
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Ellen L Mintz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia School of Engineering, Charlottesville (E.L.M.)
| | - Silvia Penuela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.P.)
| | - Iain A Greenwood
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's University London, United Kingdom (I.A.G.)
| | - Roberto F Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.F.M.)
| | - Avril V Somlyo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.V.A., T.C.S.K., A.V.S., B.E.I.)
| | - Leigh Anne Swayne
- Division of Medical Sciences, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada (A.K.J.B., L.A.S.)
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), The University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Brant E Isakson
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.).,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.V.A., T.C.S.K., A.V.S., B.E.I.)
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18
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Lian X, Matthaeus C, Kaßmann M, Daumke O, Gollasch M. Pathophysiological Role of Caveolae in Hypertension. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:153. [PMID: 31355199 PMCID: PMC6635557 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae, flask-shaped cholesterol-, and glycosphingolipid-rich membrane microdomains, contain caveolin 1, 2, 3 and several structural proteins, in particular Cavin 1-4, EHD2, pacsin2, and dynamin 2. Caveolae participate in several physiological processes like lipid uptake, mechanosensitivity, or signaling events and are involved in pathophysiological changes in the cardiovascular system. They serve as a specific membrane platform for a diverse set of signaling molecules like endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and further maintain vascular homeostasis. Lack of caveolins causes the complete loss of caveolae; induces vascular disorders, endothelial dysfunction, and impaired myogenic tone; and alters numerous cellular processes, which all contribute to an increased risk for hypertension. This brief review describes our current knowledge on caveolae in vasculature, with special focus on their pathophysiological role in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Lian
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center—A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité–University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Matthaeus
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Kaßmann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center—A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité–University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center—A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité–University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Medical Clinic for Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Berlin, Germany
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19
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Alomari M, Almohazey D, Almofty SA, Khan FA, Al Hamad M, Ababneh D. Role of Lipid Rafts in Hematopoietic Stem Cells Homing, Mobilization, Hibernation, and Differentiation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060630. [PMID: 31234505 PMCID: PMC6627378 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent, self-renewing cells that can differentiate into myeloid or lymphoid cells. The mobilization and differentiation processes are affected by the external environment, such as extracellular matrix and soluble molecules in the niche, where the lipid rafts (LRs) of the HSCs act as the receptors and control platforms for these effectors. LRs are membrane microdomains that are enriched in cholesterol, sphingolipid, and proteins. They are involved in diverse cellular processes including morphogenesis, cytokinesis, signaling, endocytic events, and response to the environment. They are also involved in different types of diseases, such as cancer, Alzheimer's, and prion disease. LR clustering and disruption contribute directly to the differentiation, homing, hibernation, or mobilization of HSCs. Thus, characterization of LR integrity may provide a promising approach to controlling the fate of stem cells for clinical applications. In this review, we show the critical role of LR modification (clustering, disruption, protein incorporation, and signal responding) in deciding the fate of HSCs, under the effect of soluble cytokines such as stem cell factor (SCF), transforming growth factor- β (TGF-β), hematopoietic-specific phospholipase Cβ2 (PLC-β2), and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Munther Alomari
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dana Almohazey
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sarah Ameen Almofty
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Firdos Alam Khan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Al Hamad
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Deena Ababneh
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Post Box No. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
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20
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Okada S, Raja SA, Okerblom J, Boddu A, Horikawa Y, Ray S, Okada H, Kawamura I, Murofushi Y, Murray F, Patel HH. Deletion of caveolin scaffolding domain alters cancer cell migration. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:1268-1280. [PMID: 31116089 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1618118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an integral membrane protein that plays an important role in proliferative and terminally differentiated cells. As a structural component of Caveolae, Cav-1 interacts with signaling molecules via a caveolin scaffolding domain (CSD) regulating cell signaling. Recent reports have shown that Cav-1 is a negative regulator in tumor metastasis. Therefore, we hypothesize that Cav-1 inhibits cell migration through its CSD. HeLa cells were engineered to overexpress Cav-1 (Cav-1 OE), Cav-1 without a functional CSD (∆CSD), or enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a control. HeLa cell migration was suppressed in Cav-1 OE cells while ∆CSD showed increased migration, which corresponded to a decrease in the tight junction protein, zonula occludens (ZO-1). The migration phenotype was confirmed in multiple cancer cell lines. Phosphorylated STAT-3 was decreased in Cav-1 OE cells compared to control and ∆CSD cells; reducing STAT-3 expression alone decreased cell migration. ∆CSD blunted HeLa proliferation by increasing the number of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Overexpressing the CSD peptide alone suppressed HeLa cell migration and inhibited pSTAT3. These findings suggest that Cav-1 CSD may be critical in controlling the dynamic phenotype of cancer cells by facilitating the interaction of specific signal transduction pathways, regulating STAT3 and participating in a G2/M checkpoint. Modulating the CSD and targeting specific proteins may offer potential new therapies in the treatment of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunaho Okada
- a Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego , CA , USA.,b Department of Anesthesiology and UCSD School of Medicine , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Sadaf A Raja
- c Department of Biosciences , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Jonathan Okerblom
- a Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego , CA , USA.,b Department of Anesthesiology and UCSD School of Medicine , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Aayush Boddu
- a Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego , CA , USA.,b Department of Anesthesiology and UCSD School of Medicine , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Yousuke Horikawa
- d Department of Pediatrics , Sharp Rees-Stealy Medical Group , San Diego , CA , USA.,e Department of Anesthesiology , Tokushima University , Tokushima , Japan
| | | | - Hideshi Okada
- a Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego , CA , USA.,g Department of Anesthesiology and Medicine , UCSD School of Medicine , San Diego , CA , USA.,h Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine , Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine , Gifu , Japan
| | - Itta Kawamura
- i Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Gifu Heart Center , Gifu , Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Murofushi
- g Department of Anesthesiology and Medicine , UCSD School of Medicine , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Fiona Murray
- j Aberdeen Cardiovascular & Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences , University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , Scotland
| | - Hemal H Patel
- a Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego , CA , USA.,b Department of Anesthesiology and UCSD School of Medicine , San Diego , CA , USA
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21
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Liang Q, Zhang Y, Huang M, Xiao Y, Xiao F. Role of mitochondrial damage in Cr(VI)‑induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in L‑02 hepatocytes. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1256-1265. [PMID: 30535451 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is well reported that mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (ERS) are involved in heavy metal‑induced cytotoxicity, the role of mitochondrial damage in hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]‑induced ERS and the correlation between the two have not been described and remain to be elucidated. The present study evaluated the ability of Cr(VI) to induce ERS in L‑02 hepatocytes, and subsequently examined the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS)‑mediated mitochondrial damage in Cr(VI)‑induced ERS. The findings demonstrated that Cr(VI) induced ERS, which was characterized by the upregulation of ERS‑associated genes and the substantial release of Ca2+ from the ER. The Cr(VI)‑induced mitochondrial production of ROS, by disturbing mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and II, may damage mitochondria directly by inducing mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse. The results additionally demonstrated that Cr(VI) induced Ca2+ release from the ER through ROS/caveolin‑1/protein kinase B/inositol 1,4,5‑trisphosphate receptor signaling. The application of the ROS scavenger N‑acetyl‑cysteine confirmed the role of ROS in Cr(VI)‑mediated mitochondrial damage, ERS and apoptotic cell death. The data obtained demonstrated the role of mitochondrial damage in Cr(VI)‑induced ERS and provide novel insight into the elucidation of Cr(VI)‑induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Manfeng Huang
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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22
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Oh TK, Kim K, Jheon S, Lee HJ, Do SH. Association between perioperative cholesterol level and analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Korean J Anesthesiol 2018; 72:135-142. [PMID: 29969888 PMCID: PMC6458511 DOI: 10.4097/kja.d.18.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesterol plays an important role in the action of opioid analgesics, but its association with postoperative pain has not been clarified. Our study examined the association of pre- and postoperative total serum cholesterol (TSC), and change between the pre- and postoperative TSC levels with postoperative pain outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with NSCLC who underwent VATS lobectomy at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital in South Korea. We sought to determine the association between preoperative TSC, TSC on postoperative day (POD) 0-1, and pre- and postoperative changes in TSC by comparing numeric rating scale (NRS) scores on POD 0, 1, and 2 and total morphine equivalent consumption on POD 0-2. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 1,720 patients with NSCLC who underwent VATS lobectomy were included in the analysis. The change in TSC, preoperative TSC, and postoperative TSC showed no associations with morphine equivalent consumption on POD 0-2 (P > 0.05). In addition, the changes in TSC, preoperative TSC, and postoperative TSC were not associated with postoperative NRS pain score on POD 0, 1, and 2 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that no significant association was observed between pre- and postoperative TSC level and postoperative pain outcome after VATS lobectomy of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tak Kyu Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kwanmien Kim
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sanghoon Jheon
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hei-Jin Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Do
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Oh TK, Kang SB, Song IA, Hwang JW, Do SH, Kim JH, Oh AY. Is preoperative hypocholesterolemia a risk factor for severe postoperative pain? Analysis of 1,944 patients after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. J Pain Res 2018; 11:1057-1065. [PMID: 29910634 PMCID: PMC5989703 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s152961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to identify the effect of preoperative serum total cholesterol on postoperative pain outcome in patients who had undergone laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer who had undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery from January 1, 2011, to June 30, 2017, to identify the relationship of total cholesterol levels within a month prior to surgery with the numeric rating scale (NRS) scores and total opioid consumption on postoperative days (PODs) 0–2. Results We included 1,944 patients. No significant correlations were observed between total cholesterol and the NRS (POD 0), NRS (POD 1), and oral morphine equivalents (PODs 0–2) (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the low (<160 mg/dL), medium (160–199 mg/dL), and high (≥200 mg/dL) groups in NRS scores on PODs 0, 1, or 2 (P>0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant association in multivariate linear regression analysis for postoperative opioid consumption according to preoperative serum total cholesterol level (coefficient 0.08, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.18, P=0.81). Conclusion This study showed that there was no meaningful association between preoperative total cholesterol level and postoperative pain outcome after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tak Kyu Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
| | - Sung-Bum Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In-Ae Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
| | - Jung-Won Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
| | - Sang-Hwan Do
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
| | - Ah-Young Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
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24
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Chin S, Hung M, Won A, Wu YS, Ahmadi S, Yang D, Elmallah S, Toutah K, Hamilton CM, Young RN, Viirre RD, Yip CM, Bear CE. Lipophilicity of the Cystic Fibrosis Drug, Ivacaftor (VX-770), and Its Destabilizing Effect on the Major CF-causing Mutation: F508del. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 94:917-925. [PMID: 29903751 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.112177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of phenylalanine at position 508 (F508del) in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is the most common cystic fibrosis (CF)-causing mutation. Recently, ORKAMBI, a combination therapy that includes a corrector of the processing defect of F508del-CFTR (lumacaftor or VX-809) and a potentiator of channel activity (ivacaftor or VX-770), was approved for CF patients homozygous for this mutation. However, clinical studies revealed that the effect of ORKAMBI on lung function is modest and it was proposed that this modest effect relates to a negative impact of VX-770 on the stability of F508del-CFTR. In the current studies, we showed that this negative effect of VX-770 at 10 μM correlated with its inhibitory effect on VX-809-mediated correction of the interface between the second membrane spanning domain and the first nucleotide binding domain bearing F508del. Interestingly, we found that VX-770 exerted a similar negative effect on the stability of other membrane localized solute carriers (SLC26A3, SLC26A9, and SLC6A14), suggesting that this negative effect is not specific for F508del-CFTR. We determined that the relative destabilizing effect of a panel of VX-770 derivatives on F508del-CFTR correlated with their predicted lipophilicity. Polarized total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy on a supported lipid bilayer model shows that VX-770, and not its less lipophilic derivative, increased the fluidity of and reorganized the membrane. In summary, our findings show that there is a potential for nonspecific effects of VX-770 on the lipid bilayer and suggest that this effect may account for its destabilizing effect on VX-809- rescued F508del-CFTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Chin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Maurita Hung
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Amy Won
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Yu-Sheng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Saumel Ahmadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Donghe Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Salma Elmallah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Krimo Toutah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - C Michael Hamilton
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Robert N Young
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Russell D Viirre
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Christopher M Yip
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
| | - Christine E Bear
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.C., M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., D.Y., C.E.B.); Departments of Biochemistry (S.C., C.E.B.) and Physiology (M.H., Y.-S.W., S.A., C.E.B.), and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (A.W., C.M.Y.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E., K.T., R.D.V.); and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (C.M.H., R.N.Y.)
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Filippini A, Sica G, D'Alessio A. The caveolar membrane system in endothelium: From cell signaling to vascular pathology. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5060-5071. [PMID: 29637636 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae are 50- to 100-nm cholesterol and glycosphingolipid-rich flask-shaped invaginations commonly observed in many terminally differentiated cells. These organelles have been described in many cell types and are particularly abundant in endothelial cells, where they have been involved in the regulation of certain signaling pathways. Specific scaffolding proteins termed caveolins, along with the more recently discovered members of the cavin family, represent the major protein components during caveolae biogenesis. In addition, multiple studies aimed to investigate the expression and the regulation of these proteins significantly contributed to elucidate the role of caveolae and caveolins in endothelial cell physiology and disease. The aim of this review is to survey recent evidence of the involvement of the caveolar network in endothelial cell biology and endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Filippini
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gigliola Sica
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio D'Alessio
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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26
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Abilez OJ, Tzatzalos E, Yang H, Zhao MT, Jung G, Zöllner AM, Tiburcy M, Riegler J, Matsa E, Shukla P, Zhuge Y, Chour T, Chen VC, Burridge PW, Karakikes I, Kuhl E, Bernstein D, Couture LA, Gold JD, Zimmermann WH, Wu JC. Passive Stretch Induces Structural and Functional Maturation of Engineered Heart Muscle as Predicted by Computational Modeling. Stem Cells 2018; 36:265-277. [PMID: 29086457 PMCID: PMC5785460 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into cardiomyocytes (CMs) makes them an attractive source for repairing injured myocardium, disease modeling, and drug testing. Although current differentiation protocols yield hPSC-CMs to >90% efficiency, hPSC-CMs exhibit immature characteristics. With the goal of overcoming this limitation, we tested the effects of varying passive stretch on engineered heart muscle (EHM) structural and functional maturation, guided by computational modeling. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs, H7 line) or human induced pluripotent stem cells (IMR-90 line) were differentiated to hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) in vitro using a small molecule based protocol. hPSC-CMs were characterized by troponin+ flow cytometry as well as electrophysiological measurements. Afterwards, 1.2 × 106 hPSC-CMs were mixed with 0.4 × 106 human fibroblasts (IMR-90 line) (3:1 ratio) and type-I collagen. The blend was cast into custom-made 12-mm long polydimethylsiloxane reservoirs to vary nominal passive stretch of EHMs to 5, 7, or 9 mm. EHM characteristics were monitored for up to 50 days, with EHMs having a passive stretch of 7 mm giving the most consistent formation. Based on our initial macroscopic observations of EHM formation, we created a computational model that predicts the stress distribution throughout EHMs, which is a function of cellular composition, cellular ratio, and geometry. Based on this predictive modeling, we show cell alignment by immunohistochemistry and coordinated calcium waves by calcium imaging. Furthermore, coordinated calcium waves and mechanical contractions were apparent throughout entire EHMs. The stiffness and active forces of hPSC-derived EHMs are comparable with rat neonatal cardiomyocyte-derived EHMs. Three-dimensional EHMs display increased expression of mature cardiomyocyte genes including sarcomeric protein troponin-T, calcium and potassium ion channels, β-adrenergic receptors, and t-tubule protein caveolin-3. Passive stretch affects the structural and functional maturation of EHMs. Based on our predictive computational modeling, we show how to optimize cell alignment and calcium dynamics within EHMs. These findings provide a basis for the rational design of EHMs, which enables future scale-up productions for clinical use in cardiovascular tissue engineering. Stem Cells 2018;36:265-277.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar J. Abilez
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Evangeline Tzatzalos
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Huaxiao Yang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ming-Tao Zhao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Gwanghyun Jung
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Alexander M. Zöllner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Malte Tiburcy
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Heart Research Center, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Gӧttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Gӧttingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Riegler
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Elena Matsa
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Praveen Shukla
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yan Zhuge
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tony Chour
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Vincent C. Chen
- Center for Biomedicine and Genetics, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Paul W. Burridge
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ioannis Karakikes
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ellen Kuhl
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Daniel Bernstein
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Larry A. Couture
- Center for Biomedicine and Genetics, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Center for Applied Technology Development, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Joseph D. Gold
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Wolfram H. Zimmermann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Heart Research Center, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Gӧttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Gӧttingen, Germany
| | - Joseph C. Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Oh TK, Kim HH, Park DJ, Ahn SH, Do SH, Hwang JW, Kim JH, Oh AY, Jeon YT, Song IA. Association of Preoperative Serum Total Cholesterol Level with Postoperative Pain Outcomes after Laparoscopic Surgery for Gastric Cancer. Pain Pract 2018; 18:729-735. [PMID: 29168284 DOI: 10.1111/papr.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid usage is reportedly increased in patients with advanced cancer and low total cholesterol (TC). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of preoperative serum TC levels on postoperative opioid usage in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy at our institution between January 1, 2011 and July 31, 2017. We investigated the correlation between TC levels in the month before surgery and numeric rating scale (NRS) scores and opioid consumption on postoperative days (PODs) 0 to 3. The patients were stratified according to preoperative TC level (< 160 mg/dL, low; 160 to 199 mg/dL, medium; ≥ 200 mg/dL, high). RESULTS TC and NRS scores (PODs 0, 1) for 1,919 eligible patients showed weak but significant positive coefficients (0.074 and 0.098 on POD 0 and POD 1, respectively, P < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, there were no significant differences in postoperative NRS scores on PODs 0, 1, 2, or 3 or in oral morphine equivalents on PODs 0 to 3 according to TC level. CONCLUSION Preoperative serum TC levels have no effect on pain outcomes in the 3 days following laparoscopic gastric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tak Kyu Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ho Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Do Joong Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Do
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jung-Won Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ah-Young Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Young-Tae Jeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - In-Ae Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Sayers N, Hanyaloglu AC. Intracellular Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Trafficking and Signaling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:653. [PMID: 30450081 PMCID: PMC6225286 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Models of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling have dramatically altered over the past two decades. Indeed, GPCRs such as the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) have contributed to these new emerging models. We now understand that receptor signaling is highly organized at a spatial level, whereby signaling not only occurs from the plasma membrane but distinct intracellular compartments. Recent studies in the role of membrane trafficking and spatial organization of GPCR signaling in regulating gonadotropin hormone receptor activity has identified novel intracellular compartments, which are tightly linked with receptor signaling and reciprocally regulated by the cellular trafficking machinery. Understanding the impact of these cell biological mechanisms to physiology and pathophysiology is emerging for certain GPCRs. However, for FSHR, the potential impact in both health and disease and the therapeutic possibilities of these newly identified systems is currently unknown, but offers the potential to reassess prior strategies, or unveil novel opportunities, in targeting this receptor.
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Abstract
The opioid receptor family, with associated endogenous ligands, has numerous roles throughout the body. Moreover, the delta opioid receptor (DORs) has various integrated roles within the physiological systems, including the cardiovascular system. While DORs are important modulators of cardiovascular autonomic balance, they are well-established contributors to cardioprotective mechanisms. Both endogenous and exogenous opioids acting upon DORs have roles in myocardial hibernation and protection against ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Downstream signalling mechanisms governing protective responses alternate, depending on the timing and duration of DOR activation. The following review describes models and mechanisms of DOR-mediated cardioprotection, the impact of co-morbidities and challenges for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise See Hoe
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital and The University of Queensland, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason N Peart
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.
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30
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Kankeu C, Clarke K, Van Haver D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Dittrich A, Roderick HL, Passante E, Huber HJ. Quantitative proteomics and systems analysis of cultured H9C2 cardiomyoblasts during differentiation over time supports a 'function follows form' model of differentiation. Mol Omics 2018; 14:181-196. [PMID: 29770421 DOI: 10.1039/c8mo00036k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The rat cardiomyoblast cell line H9C2 has emerged as a valuable tool for studying cardiac development, mechanisms of disease and toxicology. We present here a rigorous proteomic analysis that monitored the changes in protein expression during differentiation of H9C2 cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells over time. Quantitative mass spectrometry followed by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that early changes in H9C2 differentiation are related to protein pathways of cardiac muscle morphogenesis and sphingolipid synthesis. These changes in the proteome were followed later in the differentiation time-course by alterations in the expression of proteins involved in cation transport and beta-oxidation. Studying the temporal profile of the H9C2 proteome during differentiation in further detail revealed eight clusters of co-regulated proteins that can be associated with early, late, continuous and transient up- and downregulation. Subsequent reactome pathway analysis based on these eight clusters further corroborated and detailed the results of the GO analysis. Specifically, this analysis confirmed that proteins related to pathways in muscle contraction are upregulated early and transiently, and proteins relevant to extracellular matrix organization are downregulated early. In contrast, upregulation of proteins related to cardiac metabolism occurs at later time points. Finally, independent validation of the proteomics results by immunoblotting confirmed hereto unknown regulators of cardiac structure and ionic metabolism. Our results are consistent with a 'function follows form' model of differentiation, whereby early and transient alterations of structural proteins enable subsequent changes that are relevant to the characteristic physiology of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Kankeu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Gendron L, Cahill CM, von Zastrow M, Schiller PW, Pineyro G. Molecular Pharmacology of δ-Opioid Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 68:631-700. [PMID: 27343248 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.008979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids are among the most effective analgesics available and are the first choice in the treatment of acute severe pain. However, partial efficacy, a tendency to produce tolerance, and a host of ill-tolerated side effects make clinically available opioids less effective in the management of chronic pain syndromes. Given that most therapeutic opioids produce their actions via µ-opioid receptors (MOPrs), other targets are constantly being explored, among which δ-opioid receptors (DOPrs) are being increasingly considered as promising alternatives. This review addresses DOPrs from the perspective of cellular and molecular determinants of their pharmacological diversity. Thus, DOPr ligands are examined in terms of structural and functional variety, DOPrs' capacity to engage a multiplicity of canonical and noncanonical G protein-dependent responses is surveyed, and evidence supporting ligand-specific signaling and regulation is analyzed. Pharmacological DOPr subtypes are examined in light of the ability of DOPr to organize into multimeric arrays and to adopt multiple active conformations as well as differences in ligand kinetics. Current knowledge on DOPr targeting to the membrane is examined as a means of understanding how these receptors are especially active in chronic pain management. Insight into cellular and molecular mechanisms of pharmacological diversity should guide the rational design of more effective, longer-lasting, and better-tolerated opioid analgesics for chronic pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Gendron
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
| | - Catherine M Cahill
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
| | - Mark von Zastrow
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
| | - Peter W Schiller
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
| | - Graciela Pineyro
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
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Abstract
The universal second messengers cyclic nucleotides 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) play central roles in cardiovascular function and disease. They act in discrete, functionally relevant subcellular microdomains which regulate, for example, calcium cycling and excitation-contraction coupling. Such localized cAMP and cGMP signals have been difficult to measure using conventional biochemical techniques. Recent years have witnessed the advent of live cell imaging techniques which allow visualization of these functionally relevant second messengers with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution at cellular, subcellular and tissue levels. In this review, we discuss these new imaging techniques and give examples how they are used to visualize cAMP and cGMP in physiological and pathological settings to better understand cardiovascular function and disease. Two primary techniques include the use of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) based cyclic nucleotide biosensors and nanoscale scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM). These methods can provide deep mechanistic insights into compartmentalized cAMP and cGMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Berisha
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany.
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Li J, Ruffenach G, Kararigas G, Cunningham CM, Motayagheni N, Barakai N, Umar S, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Eghbali M. Intralipid protects the heart in late pregnancy against ischemia/reperfusion injury via Caveolin2/STAT3/GSK-3β pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 102:108-116. [PMID: 27847332 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently demonstrated that the heart of late pregnant (LP) rodents is more prone to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury compared to non-pregnant rodents. Lipids, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids, have received special attention in the field of cardiovascular research. Here, we explored whether Intralipid (ITLD) protects the heart against I/R injury in LP rodents and investigated the mechanisms underlying this protection. METHODS AND RESULTS In-vivo female LP rat hearts or ex-vivo isolated Langendorff-perfused LP mouse hearts were subjected to ischemia followed by reperfusion with PBS or ITLD (one bolus of 5mg/kg of 20% in in-vivo and 1% in ex-vivo). Myocardial infarct size, mitochondrial calcium retention capacity, genome-wide expression profiling, pharmacological inhibition and co-immunoprecipitation were performed. One bolus of ITLD at reperfusion significantly reduced the in-vivo myocardial infarct size in LP rats (23.3±2% vs. 55.5±3.4% in CTRL, p<0.01). Postischemic administration of ITLD also protected the LP hearts against I/R injury ex-vivo. ITLD significantly increased the threshold for the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in response to calcium overload (nmol-calcium/mg-mitochondrial protein: 290±17 vs. 167±10 in CTRL, p<0.01) and significantly increased phosphorylation of STAT3 (1.8±0.08 vs. 1±0.16 in CTRL, p<0.05) and GSK-3β (2.63±0.55 vs. 1±0.0.34 in CTRL, p<0.05). The ITLD-induced cardioprotection was fully abolished by Stattic, a specific inhibitor of STAT3. Transcriptome analysis revealed caveolin 2 (Cav2) was significantly upregulated by ITLD in hearts of LP rats under I/R injury. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that Cav2 interacts with STAT3. CONCLUSIONS ITLD protects the heart in late pregnancy against I/R injury by inhibiting the mPTP opening through Cav2/STAT3/GSK-3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Gregoire Ruffenach
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charite University Hospital, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin Partner Site, Germany
| | - Christine M Cunningham
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Negar Motayagheni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Neusha Barakai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Soban Umar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charite University Hospital, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin Partner Site, Germany
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States.
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Chhuon C, Pranke I, Borot F, Tondelier D, Lipecka J, Fritsch J, Chanson M, Edelman A, Ollero M, Guerrera I. Changes in lipid raft proteome upon TNF-α stimulation of cystic fibrosis cells. J Proteomics 2016; 145:246-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Martinez NA, Ayala AM, Martinez M, Martinez-Rivera FJ, Miranda JD, Silva WI. Caveolin-1 Regulates the P2Y2 Receptor Signaling in Human 1321N1 Astrocytoma Cells. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:12208-22. [PMID: 27129210 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.730226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to the CNS can cause a differential spatio-temporal release of multiple factors, such as nucleotides, ATP and UTP. The latter interact with neuronal and glial nucleotide receptors. The P2Y2 nucleotide receptor (P2Y2R) has gained prominence as a modulator of gliotic responses after CNS injury. Still, the molecular mechanisms underlying these responses in glia are not fully understood. Membrane-raft microdomains, such as caveolae, and their constituent caveolins, modulate receptor signaling in astrocytes; yet, their role in P2Y2R signaling has not been adequately explored. Hence, this study evaluated the role of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in modulating P2Y2R subcellular distribution and signaling in human 1321N1 astrocytoma cells. Recombinant hP2Y2R expressed in 1321N1 cells and Cav-1 were found to co-fractionate in light-density membrane-raft fractions, co-localize via confocal microscopy, and co-immunoprecipitate. Raft localization was dependent on ATP stimulation and Cav-1 expression. This hP2Y2R/Cav-1 distribution and interaction was confirmed with various cell model systems differing in the expression of both P2Y2R and Cav-1, and shRNA knockdown of Cav-1 expression. Furthermore, shRNA knockdown of Cav-1 expression decreased nucleotide-induced increases in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in 1321N1 and C6 glioma cells without altering TRAP-6 and carbachol Ca(2+) responses. In addition, Cav-1 shRNA knockdown also decreased AKT phosphorylation and altered the kinetics of ERK1/2 activation in 1321N1 cells. Our findings strongly suggest that P2Y2R interaction with Cav-1 in membrane-raft caveolae of 1321N1 cells modulates receptor coupling to its downstream signaling machinery. Thus, P2Y2R/Cav-1 interactions represent a novel target for controlling P2Y2R function after CNS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Freddyson J Martinez-Rivera
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936
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Abu-Arish A, Pandzic E, Goepp J, Matthes E, Hanrahan JW, Wiseman PW. Cholesterol modulates CFTR confinement in the plasma membrane of primary epithelial cells. Biophys J 2016; 109:85-94. [PMID: 26153705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a plasma-membrane anion channel that, when mutated, causes the disease cystic fibrosis. Although CFTR has been detected in a detergent-resistant membrane fraction prepared from airway epithelial cells, suggesting that it may partition into cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains (lipid rafts), its compartmentalization has not been demonstrated in intact cells and the influence of microdomains on CFTR lateral mobility is unknown. We used live-cell imaging, spatial image correlation spectroscopy, and k-space image correlation spectroscopy to examine the aggregation state of CFTR and its dynamics both within and outside microdomains in the plasma membrane of primary human bronchial epithelial cells. These studies were also performed during treatments that augment or deplete membrane cholesterol. We found two populations of CFTR molecules that were distinguishable based on their dynamics at the cell surface. One population showed confinement and had slow dynamics that were highly cholesterol dependent. The other, more abundant population was less confined and diffused more rapidly. Treatments that deplete the membrane of cholesterol caused the confined fraction and average number of CFTR molecules per cluster to decrease. Elevating cholesterol had the opposite effect, increasing channel aggregation and the fraction of channels displaying confinement, consistent with CFTR recruitment into cholesterol-rich microdomains with dimensions below the optical resolution limit. Viral infection caused the nanoscale microdomains to fuse into large platforms and reduced CFTR mobility. To our knowledge, these results provide the first biophysical evidence for multiple CFTR populations and have implications for regulation of their surface expression and channel function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elvis Pandzic
- Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Goepp
- Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Paul W Wiseman
- Chemistry & Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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37
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Morrill GA, Kostellow AB, Liu L, Gupta RK, Askari A. Evolution of the α-Subunit of Na/K-ATPase from Paramecium to Homo sapiens: Invariance of Transmembrane Helix Topology. J Mol Evol 2016; 82:183-98. [PMID: 26961431 PMCID: PMC4866997 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-016-9732-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Na/K-ATPase is a key plasma membrane enzyme involved in cell signaling, volume regulation, and maintenance of electrochemical gradients. The α-subunit, central to these functions, belongs to a large family of P-type ATPases. Differences in transmembrane (TM) helix topology, sequence homology, helix–helix contacts, cell signaling, and protein domains of Na/K-ATPase α-subunit were compared in fungi (Beauveria), unicellular organisms (Paramecia), primitive multicellular organisms (Hydra), and vertebrates (Xenopus, Homo sapiens), and correlated with evolution of physiological functions in the α-subunit. All α-subunits are of similar length, with groupings of four and six helices in the N- and C-terminal regions, respectively. Minimal homology was seen for protein domain patterns in Paramecium and Hydra, with high correlation between Hydra and vertebrates. Paramecium α-subunits display extensive disorder, with minimal helix contacts. Increases in helix contacts in Hydra approached vertebrates. Protein motifs known to be associated with membrane lipid rafts and cell signaling reveal significant positional shifts between Paramecium and Hydra vulgaris, indicating that regional membrane fluidity changes occur during evolution. Putative steroid binding sites overlapping TM-3 occurred in all species. Sites associated with G-protein-receptor stimulation occur both in vertebrates and amphibia but not in Hydra or Paramecia. The C-terminus moiety “KETYY,” necessary for the Na+ activation of pump phosphorylation, is not present in unicellular species indicating the absence of classical Na+/K+-pumps. The basic protein topology evolved earliest, followed by increases in protein domains and ordered helical arrays, correlated with appearance of α-subunit regions known to involve cell signaling, membrane recycling, and ion channel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene A Morrill
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| | - Adele B Kostellow
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Lijun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Raj K Gupta
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Amir Askari
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
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Huang Z, Liang L, Li L, Xu M, Li X, Sun H, He S, Lin L, Zhang Y, Song Y, Yang M, Luo Y, Loh HH, Law PY, Zheng D, Zheng H. Opioid doses required for pain management in lung cancer patients with different cholesterol levels: negative correlation between opioid doses and cholesterol levels. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:47. [PMID: 26952011 PMCID: PMC4782347 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pain management has been considered as significant contributor to broad quality-of-life improvement for cancer patients. Modulating serum cholesterol levels affects analgesia abilities of opioids, important pain killer for cancer patients, in mice system. Thus the correlation between opioids usages and cholesterol levels were investigated in human patients with lung cancer. Methods Medical records of 282 patients were selected with following criteria, 1) signed inform consent, 2) full medical records on total serum cholesterol levels and opioid administration, 3) opioid-naïve, 4) not received/receiving cancer-related or cholesterol lowering treatment, 5) pain level at level 5–8. The patients were divided into different groups basing on their gender and cholesterol levels. Since different opioids, morphine, oxycodone, and fentanyl, were all administrated at fixed low dose initially and increased gradually only if pain was not controlled, the percentages of patients in each group who did not respond to the initial doses of opioids and required higher doses for pain management were determined and compared. Results Patients with relative low cholesterol levels have larger percentage (11 out of 28 in female and 31 out of 71 in male) to not respond to the initial dose of opioids than those with high cholesterol levels (0 out of 258 in female and 8 out of 74 in male). Similar differences were obtained when patients with different opioids were analyzed separately. After converting the doses of different opioids to equivalent doses of oxycodone, significant correlation between opioid usages and cholesterol levels was also observed. Conclusions Therefore, more attention should be taken to those cancer patients with low cholesterol levels because they may require higher doses of opioids as pain killer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0212-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Huang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, #1838 Guangzhou Ave. N, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Lining Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A-131, #190 Kaiyuan Ave, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Lingyu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A-131, #190 Kaiyuan Ave, Guangzhou, 510530, China. .,Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Miao Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, #651 Dongfeng East Ave, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A-131, #190 Kaiyuan Ave, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Hao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A-131, #190 Kaiyuan Ave, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Songwei He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A-131, #190 Kaiyuan Ave, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Lilong Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A-131, #190 Kaiyuan Ave, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Yixin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A-131, #190 Kaiyuan Ave, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Yancheng Song
- The third hospital, Southern Medical University, #183 Zhongshan Ave. E, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
| | - Man Yang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, #1838 Guangzhou Ave. N, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yuling Luo
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, #1838 Guangzhou Ave. N, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Horace H Loh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Ping-Yee Law
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Dayong Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, #1838 Guangzhou Ave. N, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Hui Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A-131, #190 Kaiyuan Ave, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
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Jung G, Fajardo G, Ribeiro AJS, Kooiker KB, Coronado M, Zhao M, Hu DQ, Reddy S, Kodo K, Sriram K, Insel PA, Wu JC, Pruitt BL, Bernstein D. Time-dependent evolution of functional vs. remodeling signaling in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and induced maturation with biomechanical stimulation. FASEB J 2015; 30:1464-79. [PMID: 26675706 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-280982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are a powerful platform for uncovering disease mechanisms and assessing drugs for efficacy/toxicity. However, the accuracy with which hiPSC-CMs recapitulate the contractile and remodeling signaling of adult cardiomyocytes is not fully known. We used β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling as a prototype to determine the evolution of signaling component expression and function during hiPSC-CM maturation. In "early" hiPSC-CMs (less than or equal to d 30), β2-ARs are a primary source of cAMP/PKA signaling. With longer culture, β1-AR signaling increases: from 0% of cAMP generation at d 30 to 56.8 ± 6.6% by d 60. PKA signaling shows a similar increase: 15.7 ± 5.2% (d 30), 49.8 ± 0.5% (d 60), and 71.0 ± 6.1% (d 90). cAMP generation increases 9-fold from d 30 to 60, with enhanced coupling to remodeling pathways (e.g., Akt and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II) and development of caveolin-mediated signaling compartmentalization. By contrast, cardiotoxicity induced by chronic β-AR stimulation, a major component of heart failure, develops much later: 5% cell death at d 30vs 55% at d 90. Moreover, β-AR maturation can be accelerated by biomechanical stimulation. The differential maturation of β-AR functionalvs remodeling signaling in hiPSC-CMs has important implications for their use in disease modeling and drug testing. We propose that assessment of signaling be added to the indices of phenotypic maturation of hiPSC-CMs.-Jung, G., Fajardo, G., Ribeiro, A. J. S., Kooiker, K. B., Coronado, M., Zhao, M., Hu, D.-Q., Reddy, S., Kodo, K., Sriram, K., Insel, P. A., Wu, J. C., Pruitt, B. L., Bernstein, D. Time-dependent evolution of functionalvs remodeling signaling in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and induced maturation with biomechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwanghyun Jung
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Giovanni Fajardo
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Alexandre J S Ribeiro
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kristina Bezold Kooiker
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Michael Coronado
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mingming Zhao
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Dong-Qing Hu
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Sushma Reddy
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kazuki Kodo
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Krishna Sriram
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Paul A Insel
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Beth L Pruitt
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Daniel Bernstein
- *Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA; and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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Scarselli M, Annibale P, McCormick PJ, Kolachalam S, Aringhieri S, Radenovic A, Corsini GU, Maggio R. Revealing G-protein-coupled receptor oligomerization at the single-molecule level through a nanoscopic lens: methods, dynamics and biological function. FEBS J 2015; 283:1197-217. [PMID: 26509747 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy has allowed the visualization of single proteins in their biological environment. Recently, these techniques have been applied to determine the organization of class A G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and to determine whether they exist as monomers, dimers and/or higher-order oligomers. On this subject, this review highlights recent evidence from photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM), which allows the visualization of single molecules in dense samples, and single-molecule tracking (SMT), which determines how GPCRs move and interact in living cells in the presence of different ligands. PALM has demonstrated that GPCR oligomerization depends on the receptor subtype, the cell type, the actin cytoskeleton, and other proteins. Conversely, SMT has revealed the transient dynamics of dimer formation, whereby receptors show a monomer-dimer equilibrium characterized by rapid association and dissociation. At steady state, depending on the subtype, approximately 30-50% of receptors are part of dimeric complexes. Notably, the existence of many GPCR dimers/oligomers is also supported by well-known techniques, such as resonance energy transfer methodologies, and by approaches that exploit fluorescence fluctuations, such as fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Future research using single-molecule methods will deepen our knowledge related to the function and druggability of homo-oligomers and hetero-oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Scarselli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Annibale
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Shivakumar Kolachalam
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Aringhieri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Radenovic
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni U Corsini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Maggio
- Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences Department, University of L'Aquila, Italy
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Current status and future directions of botulinum neurotoxins for targeting pain processing. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:4519-63. [PMID: 26556371 PMCID: PMC4663519 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7114519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) A1 and B1, given locally into peripheral tissues such as skin, muscles, and joints, alter nociceptive processing otherwise initiated by inflammation or nerve injury in animal models and humans. Recent data indicate that such locally delivered BoNTs exert not only local action on sensory afferent terminals but undergo transport to central afferent cell bodies (dorsal root ganglia) and spinal dorsal horn terminals, where they cleave SNAREs and block transmitter release. Increasing evidence supports the possibility of a trans-synaptic movement to alter postsynaptic function in neuronal and possibly non-neuronal (glial) cells. The vast majority of these studies have been conducted on BoNT/A1 and BoNT/B1, the only two pharmaceutically developed variants. However, now over 40 different subtypes of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) have been identified. By combining our existing and rapidly growing understanding of BoNT/A1 and /B1 in altering nociceptive processing with explorations of the specific characteristics of the various toxins from this family, we may be able to discover or design novel, effective, and long-lasting pain therapeutics. This review will focus on our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms whereby BoNTs alter pain processing, and future directions in the development of these agents as pain therapeutics.
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Calejo AI, Taskén K. Targeting protein-protein interactions in complexes organized by A kinase anchoring proteins. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:192. [PMID: 26441649 PMCID: PMC4562273 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP is a ubiquitous intracellular second messenger involved in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular processes, a majority of which act through the cAMP – protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway and involve PKA phosphorylation of specific substrates. PKA phosphorylation events are typically spatially restricted and temporally well controlled. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) directly bind PKA and recruit it to specific subcellular loci targeting the kinase activity toward particular substrates, and thereby provide discrete spatiotemporal control of downstream phosphorylation events. AKAPs also scaffold other signaling molecules into multi-protein complexes that function as crossroads between different signaling pathways. Targeting AKAP coordinated protein complexes with high-affinity peptidomimetics or small molecules to tease apart distinct protein–protein interactions (PPIs) therefore offers important means to disrupt binding of specific components of the complex to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the function of individual signalosomes and their pathophysiological role. Furthermore, development of novel classes of small molecules involved in displacement of AKAP-bound signal molecules is now emerging. Here, we will focus on mechanisms for targeting PPI, disruptors that modulate downstream cAMP signaling and their role, especially in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Calejo
- Biotechnology Centre, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Biotechnology Centre, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway
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43
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Vanderwerf SM, Buck DC, Wilmarth PA, Sears LM, David LL, Morton DB, Neve KA. Role for Rab10 in Methamphetamine-Induced Behavior. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136167. [PMID: 26291453 PMCID: PMC4546301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are specialized, cholesterol-rich membrane compartments that help to organize transmembrane signaling by restricting or promoting interactions with subsets of the cellular proteome. The hypothesis driving this study was that identifying proteins whose relative abundance in rafts is altered by the abused psychostimulant methamphetamine would contribute to fully describing the pathways involved in acute and chronic effects of the drug. Using a detergent-free method for preparing rafts from rat brain striatal membranes, we identified density gradient fractions enriched in the raft protein flotillin but deficient in calnexin and the transferrin receptor, markers of non-raft membranes. Dopamine D1- and D2-like receptor binding activity was highly enriched in the raft fractions, but pretreating rats with methamphetamine (2 mg/kg) once or repeatedly for 11 days did not alter the distribution of the receptors. LC-MS analysis of the protein composition of raft fractions from rats treated once with methamphetamine or saline identified methamphetamine-induced changes in the relative abundance of 23 raft proteins, including the monomeric GTP-binding protein Rab10, whose abundance in rafts was decreased 2.1-fold by acute methamphetamine treatment. Decreased raft localization was associated with a selective decrease in the abundance of Rab10 in a membrane fraction that includes synaptic vesicles and endosomes. Inhibiting Rab10 activity by pan-neuronal expression of a dominant-negative Rab10 mutant in Drosophila melanogaster decreased methamphetamine-induced activity and mortality and decreased caffeine-stimulated activity but not mortality, whereas inhibiting Rab10 activity selectively in cholinergic neurons had no effect. These results suggest that activation and redistribution of Rab10 is critical for some of the behavioral effects of psychostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M. Vanderwerf
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - David C. Buck
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Phillip A. Wilmarth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Leila M. Sears
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Larry L. David
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - David B. Morton
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kim A. Neve
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Research Service, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Markandeya YS, Phelan LJ, Woon MT, Keefe AM, Reynolds CR, August BK, Hacker TA, Roth DM, Patel HH, Balijepalli RC. Caveolin-3 Overexpression Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy via Inhibition of T-type Ca2+ Current Modulated by Protein Kinase Cα in Cardiomyocytes. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:22085-100. [PMID: 26170457 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.674945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by subcellular remodeling of the ventricular myocyte with a reduction in the scaffolding protein caveolin-3 (Cav-3), altered Ca(2+) cycling, increased protein kinase C expression, and hyperactivation of calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) signaling. However, the precise role of Cav-3 in the regulation of local Ca(2+) signaling in pathological cardiac hypertrophy is unclear. We used cardiac-specific Cav-3-overexpressing mice and in vivo and in vitro cardiac hypertrophy models to determine the essential requirement for Cav-3 expression in protection against pharmacologically and pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Transverse aortic constriction and angiotensin-II (Ang-II) infusion in wild type (WT) mice resulted in cardiac hypertrophy characterized by significant reduction in fractional shortening, ejection fraction, and a reduced expression of Cav-3. In addition, association of PKCα and angiotensin-II receptor, type 1, with Cav-3 was disrupted in the hypertrophic ventricular myocytes. Whole cell patch clamp analysis demonstrated increased expression of T-type Ca(2+) current (ICa, T) in hypertrophic ventricular myocytes. In contrast, the Cav-3-overexpressing mice demonstrated protection from transverse aortic constriction or Ang-II-induced pathological hypertrophy with inhibition of ICa, T and intact Cav-3-associated macromolecular signaling complexes. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Cav-3 in the neonatal cardiomyocytes resulted in enhanced Ang-II stimulation of ICa, T mediated by PKCα, which caused nuclear translocation of NFAT. Overexpression of Cav-3 in neonatal myocytes prevented a PKCα-mediated increase in ICa, T and nuclear translocation of NFAT. In conclusion, we show that stable Cav-3 expression is essential for protecting the signaling mechanisms in pharmacologically and pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogananda S Markandeya
- From the Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Laura J Phelan
- From the Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Marites T Woon
- From the Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Alexis M Keefe
- From the Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Courtney R Reynolds
- From the Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Benjamin K August
- From the Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- From the Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - David M Roth
- the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare Systems, San Diego, California 92161, and the Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92161
| | - Hemal H Patel
- the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare Systems, San Diego, California 92161, and the Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92161
| | - Ravi C Balijepalli
- From the Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706,
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45
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Ferré S. The GPCR heterotetramer: challenging classical pharmacology. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 36:145-52. [PMID: 25704194 PMCID: PMC4357316 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Two concepts are gaining increasing acceptance in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pharmacology: (i) pre-coupling of GPCRs with their preferred signaling molecules, and (ii) GPCR oligomerization. This is begging for the introduction of new models such as GPCR oligomer-containing signaling complexes with GPCR homodimers as functional building blocks. This model favors the formation of GPCR heterotetramers - heteromers of homodimers coupled to their cognate G protein. The GPCR heterotetramer offers an optimal framework for a canonical antagonistic interaction between activated Gs and Gi proteins, which can simultaneously bind to their respective preferred receptors and to adenylyl cyclase (AC) catalytic units. This review addresses the current evidence for pre-coupling of the various specific components that provide the very elaborate signaling machinery exemplified by the Gs-Gi-AC-coupled GPCR heterotetramer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Triad Technology Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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46
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Computational analysis of the extracellular domain of the Ca²⁺-sensing receptor: an alternate model for the Ca²⁺ sensing region. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 459:36-41. [PMID: 25701780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular Ca(2+) sensing receptor (CaSR) belongs to Class C G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) which include receptors for amino acids, γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate neurotransmitters. CaSR has been described as having an extended sequence containing a Ca(2+) binding pocket within an extracellular amino (N)-terminal domain, called a Venus Fly Trap (VFT) module. CaSR is thought to consist of three domains: 1) a Ca(2+-)sensory domain, 2) a region containing 7 transmembrane (TM) helices, and 3) a carboxy (C)-terminal tail. We find that SPOCTOPUS (a combination of hidden Markov models and artificial neural networks) predicts that Homo sapiens CaSR contains two additional TM helices ((190)D - G(210); (262)S-E(282)), with the second TM helix containing a pore-lining region ((265)K - I(280)). This predicts that the putative Ca(2+) sensory domain is within an extracellular loop, N-terminal to the highly conserved heptahelical bundle. This loop contains both the cysteine-rich domain ((537)V - C(598)) and a 14 residue "linker" sequence ((599)I - F(612)) thought to support signal transmission to the heptahelical bundle. Thus domain 1 may contain a 189 residue N-terminal extracellular region followed successively by TM-1, a short intracellular loop, TM-2 and a 329 residue extracellular loop; rather than the proposed 620 residue VFT module based on crystallography of the N-terminal region of mGluR1. Since the topologies of the two proteins differ, the published CaSR VFT model is questionable. CaSR also contains multiple caveolin-binding motifs and cholesterol-binding (CRAC/CARC) domains, facilitating localization to plasma membrane lipid rafts. Ion sensing may involve combination of pore-lining regions from CaSR dimers and CaSR-bound caveolins to form ion channels capable of monitoring ionized Ca(2+) levels.
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47
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van der Westhuizen ET, Valant C, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A. Endogenous Allosteric Modulators of G Protein–Coupled Receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 353:246-60. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.114.221606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Poppinga WJ, Muñoz-Llancao P, González-Billault C, Schmidt M. A-kinase anchoring proteins: cAMP compartmentalization in neurodegenerative and obstructive pulmonary diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:5603-23. [PMID: 25132049 PMCID: PMC4290705 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The universal second messenger cAMP is generated upon stimulation of Gs protein-coupled receptors, such as the β2 -adreneoceptor, and leads to the activation of PKA, the major cAMP effector protein. PKA oscillates between an on and off state and thereby regulates a plethora of distinct biological responses. The broad activation pattern of PKA and its contribution to several distinct cellular functions lead to the introduction of the concept of compartmentalization of cAMP. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) are of central importance due to their unique ability to directly and/or indirectly interact with proteins that either determine the cellular content of cAMP, such as β2 -adrenoceptors, ACs and PDEs, or are regulated by cAMP such as the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP. We report on lessons learned from neurons indicating that maintenance of cAMP compartmentalization by AKAP5 is linked to neurotransmission, learning and memory. Disturbance of cAMP compartments seem to be linked to neurodegenerative disease including Alzheimer's disease. We translate this knowledge to compartmentalized cAMP signalling in the lung. Next to AKAP5, we focus here on AKAP12 and Ezrin (AKAP78). These topics will be highlighted in the context of the development of novel pharmacological interventions to tackle AKAP-dependent compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Poppinga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Muñoz-Llancao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics (Cenedyn), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - C González-Billault
- Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics (Cenedyn), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - M Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
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Ennis RC, Asico LD, Armando I, Yang J, Feranil JB, Jurgens JA, Escano CS, Yu P, Wang X, Sibley DR, Jose PA, Villar VAM. Dopamine D₁-like receptors regulate the α₁A-adrenergic receptor in human renal proximal tubule cells and D₁-like dopamine receptor knockout mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F1238-48. [PMID: 25339698 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00119.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The homeostatic control of blood pressure hinges upon the delicate balance between prohypertensinogenic and antihypertensinogenic systems. D₁-like dopamine receptors [dopamine D₁ and D₅ receptors (D₁Rs and D₅Rs, respectively)] and the α₁A-adrenergic receptor (α₁A-AR) are expressed in the renal proximal tubule and engender opposing effects on Na(+) transport, i.e., natriuresis (via D₁Rs and D5Rs) or antinatriuresis (via α₁A-ARs). We tested the hypothesis that the D₁R/D₅R regulates the α₁A-AR. D₁-like dopamine receptors coimmunoprecipitated, colocalized, and cofractionated with α₁A-ARs in lipid rafts in immortalized human renal proximal tubule cells. Long-term treatment with the D₁R/D₅R agonist fenoldopam resulted in decreased D₁R and D₅R expression but increased α₁A-AR abundance in the plasma membrane. Short-term fenoldopam treatment stimulated the translocation of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase from the plasma membrane to the cytosol that was partially reversed by an α₁A-AR agonist, which by itself induced Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase translocation from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. The α₁A-AR-specific agonist A610603 also minimized the ability of fenoldopam to inhibit Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity. To determine the interaction among D₁Rs, D₅Rs, and α₁A-ARs in vivo, we used phenylephrine and A610603 to decrease Na(+) excretion in several D1-like dopamine receptor knockout mouse strains. Phenylephrine and A61603 treatment resulted in a partial reduction of urinary Na(+) excretion in wild-type mice and its abolition in D1R knockout, D₅R knockout, and D₁R-D₅R double-knockout mice. Our results demonstrate the ability of the D₁-like dopamine receptors to regulate the expression and activity of α₁A-AR. Elucidating the intricacies of the interaction among these receptors is crucial for a better understanding of the crosstalk between anti- and pro-hypertensive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley Charles Ennis
- Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, Alexandria, Virgina
| | - Laureano D Asico
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ines Armando
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jian Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jun B Feranil
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Julie A Jurgens
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Crisanto S Escano
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peiying Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David R Sibley
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Van Anthony M Villar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;
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Exendin-4 ameliorates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury via caveolae and caveolins-3. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:132. [PMID: 25194961 PMCID: PMC4172825 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-014-0132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exendin-4, an exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, protects the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the mechanisms for this protection are poorly understood. Caveolae, sarcolemmal invaginations, and caveolins, scaffolding proteins in caveolae, localize molecules involved in cardiac protection. We tested the hypothesis that caveolae and caveolins are essential for exendin-4 induced cardiac protection using in vitro and in vivo studies in control and caveolin-3 (Cav-3) knockout mice (Cav-3 KO). Methods Myocytes were treated with exendin-4 and then incubated with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) to disrupt caveolae formation. This was then followed by simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SI/R). In addition, cardiac protection in vivo was assessed by measuring infarct size and cardiac troponin levels. Results Exendin-4 protected cardiac myocytes (CM) from SI/R [35.6 ± 12.6% vs. 64.4 ± 18.0% cell death, P = 0.034] and apoptosis but this protection was abolished by MβCD (71.8 ± 10.8% cell death, P = 0.004). Furthermore, Cav-3/GLP-1R co-localization was observed and membrane fractionation by sucrose density gradient centrifugation of CM treated with MβCD + exendin-4 revealed that buoyant (caveolae enriched) fractions decreased Cav-3 compared to CM treated with exendin-4 exclusively. Furthermore, exendin-4 induced a reduction in infarct size and cardiac troponin relative to control (infarct size: 25.1 ± 8.2% vs. 41.4 ± 4.1%, P < 0.001; troponin: 36.9 ± 14.2 vs. 101.1 ± 22.3 ng/ml, P < 0.001). However, exendin-4 induced cardiac protection was abolished in Cav-3 KO mice (infarct size: 43.0 ± 6.4%, P < 0.001; troponin: 96.8 ± 26.6 ng/ml, P = 0.001). Conclusions We conclude that caveolae and caveolin-3 are critical for exendin-4 induced protection of the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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