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Neri-Silva R, Monteiro-Batista RDC, Fonseca-Pereira PD, Nunes MD, Viana-Silva AL, Palhares Ribeiro T, Pérez-Díaz JL, Medeiros DB, Araújo WL, Fernie AR, Nunes-Nesi A. On the Significance of the ADNT1 Carrier in Arabidopsis thaliana under Waterlogging Conditions. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050731. [PMID: 37238601 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the adenylate carriers identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, only the AMP/ATP transporter ADNT1 shows increased expression in roots under waterlogging stress conditions. Here, we investigated the impact of a reduced expression of ADNT1 in A. thaliana plants submitted to waterlogging conditions. For this purpose, an adnt1 T-DNA mutant and two ADNT1 antisense lines were evaluated. Following waterlogging, ADNT1 deficiency resulted in a reduced maximum quantum yield of PSII electron transport (significantly for adnt1 and antisense Line 10), indicating a higher impact caused by the stress in the mutants. In addition, ADNT1 deficient lines showed higher levels of AMP in roots under nonstress condition. This result indicates that the downregulation of ADNT1 impacts the levels of adenylates. ADNT1-deficient plants exhibited a differential expression pattern of hypoxia-related genes with an increase in non-fermenting-related-kinase 1 (SnRK1) expression and upregulation of adenylate kinase (ADK) under stress and non-stress conditions. Together, these results indicated that the lower expression of ADNT1 is associated with an early "hypoxic status" due to the perturbation of the adenylate pool caused by reduced AMP import by mitochondria. This perturbation, which is sensed by SnRK1, results in a metabolic reprogramming associated with early induction of the fermentative pathway in ADNT1 deficient plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Neri-Silva
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Monteiro-Batista
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula da Fonseca-Pereira
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Mateus Dias Nunes
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Viana-Silva
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Tamara Palhares Ribeiro
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Jorge L Pérez-Díaz
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - David B Medeiros
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
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2
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Fu ZW, Feng YR, Gao X, Ding F, Li JH, Yuan TT, Lu YT. Salt stress-induced chloroplastic hydrogen peroxide stimulates pdTPI sulfenylation and methylglyoxal accumulation. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1593-1616. [PMID: 36695476 PMCID: PMC10118271 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High salinity, an adverse environmental factor affecting about 20% of irrigated arable land worldwide, inhibits plant growth and development by causing oxidative stress, damaging cellular components, and disturbing global metabolism. However, whether and how reactive oxygen species disturb the metabolism of salt-stressed plants remain elusive. Here, we report that salt-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inhibits the activity of plastid triose phosphate isomerase (pdTPI) to promote methylglyoxal (MG) accumulation and stimulates the sulfenylation of pdTPI at cysteine 74. We also show that MG is a key factor limiting the plant growth, as a decrease in MG levels completely rescued the stunted growth and repressed salt stress tolerance of the pdtpi mutant. Furthermore, targeting CATALASE 2 into chloroplasts to prevent salt-induced overaccumulation of H2O2 conferred salt stress tolerance, revealing a role for chloroplastic H2O2 in salt-caused plant damage. In addition, we demonstrate that the H2O2-mediated accumulation of MG in turn induces H2O2 production, thus forming a regulatory loop that further inhibits the pdTPI activity in salt-stressed plants. Our findings, therefore, illustrate how salt stress induces MG production to inhibit the plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu-Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting-Ting Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Loupit G, Valls Fonayet J, Prigent S, Prodhomme D, Spilmont AS, Hilbert G, Franc C, De Revel G, Richard T, Ollat N, Cookson SJ. Identifying early metabolite markers of successful graft union formation in grapevine. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhab070. [PMID: 35043179 PMCID: PMC8881376 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhab070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Grafting is an important horticultural technique used for many crop species. However, some scion/rootstock combinations are considered as incompatible due to poor graft union formation and subsequently high plant mortality. The early identification of graft incompatibility could allow the selection of non-viable plants before planting and would have a beneficial impact on research and development in the nursery sector. In general, visible phenotypes of grafted plants (size, root number, etc.) are poorly correlated with grafting success, but some studies have suggested that some polyphenols could be used as markers of graft incompatibility several months or years after grafting. However, much of the previous studies into metabolite markers of grafting success have not included all the controls necessary to unequivocally validate the markers proposed. In this study, we quantified 73 primary and secondary metabolites in nine hetero-grafts and six homo-grafted controls 33 days after grafting at the graft interface and in both the scion and rootstock woody tissues. Certain biomarker metabolites typical of a high stress status (such as proline, GABA and pallidol) were particularly accumulated at the graft interface of the incompatible scion/rootstock combination. We then used correlation analysis and generalized linear models to identify potential metabolite markers of grafting success measured one year after grafting. Here we present the first attempt to quantitatively predict graft compatibility and identify marker metabolites (especially asparagine, trans-resveratrol, trans-piceatannol and α-viniferin) 33 days after grafting, which was found to be particularly informative for homo-graft combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Loupit
- EGFV, University Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Josep Valls Fonayet
- Bordeaux Metabolome Facility, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine - Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- University Bordeaux, Unité de recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRAE, ISVV, F33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Bordeaux Metabolome Facility, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine - Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- INRAE, University Bordeaux, UMR BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Duyen Prodhomme
- EGFV, University Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Spilmont
- Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin, Domaine de l’Espiguette, 30240 Le Grau-du-Roi, France
| | - Ghislaine Hilbert
- EGFV, University Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Céline Franc
- University Bordeaux, Unité de recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRAE, ISVV, F33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Gilles De Revel
- University Bordeaux, Unité de recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRAE, ISVV, F33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Tristan Richard
- Bordeaux Metabolome Facility, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine - Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- University Bordeaux, Unité de recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRAE, ISVV, F33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Nathalie Ollat
- EGFV, University Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sarah Jane Cookson
- EGFV, University Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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Pérez-Díaz J, Batista-Silva W, Almada R, Medeiros DB, Arrivault S, Correa F, Bastías A, Rojas P, Beltrán MF, Pozo MF, Araújo WL, Sagredo B. Prunus Hexokinase 3 genes alter primary C-metabolism and promote drought and salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis transgenic plants. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7098. [PMID: 33782506 PMCID: PMC8007757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexokinases (HXKs) and fructokinases (FRKs) are the only two families of enzymes in plants that have been identified as able to phosphorylate Glucose (Glc) and Fructose (Fru). Glc can only be phosphorylated in plants by HXKs, while Fru can be phosphorylated by either HXKs or FRKs. The various subcellular localizations of HXKs in plants indicate that they are involved in diverse functions, including anther dehiscence and pollen germination, stomatal closure in response to sugar levels, stomatal aperture and reducing transpiration. Its association with modulating programmed cell death, and responses to oxidative stress and pathogen infection (abiotic and biotic stresses) also have been reported. To extend our understanding about the function of HXK-like genes in the response of Prunus rootstocks to abiotic stress, we performed a detailed bioinformatic and functional analysis of hexokinase 3-like genes (HXK3s) from two Prunus rootstock genotypes, 'M.2624' (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh × P. munsoniana W.Wight & Hedrick) and 'M.F12/1' (P. avium L.), which are tolerant and sensitive to hypoxia stress, respectively. A previous large-scale transcriptome sequencing of roots of these rootstocks, showed that this HXK3-like gene that was highly induced in the tolerant genotype under hypoxia conditions. In silico analysis of gene promoters from M.2624 and M.F12/1 genotypes revealed regulatory elements that could explain differential transcriptional profiles of HXK3 genes. Subcellular localization was determinates by both bioinformatic prediction and expression of their protein fused to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) in protoplasts and transgenic plants of Arabidopsis. Both approaches showed that they are expressed in plastids. Metabolomics analysis of Arabidopsis plants ectopically expressing Prunus HXK3 genes revealed that content of several metabolites including phosphorylated sugars (G6P), starch and some metabolites associated with the TCA cycle were affected. These transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed improved tolerance to salt and drought stress under growth chamber conditions. Our results suggest that Prunus HXK3 is a potential candidate for enhancing tolerance to salt and drought stresses in stone fruit trees and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pérez-Díaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias CRI Rayentué, Av. Salamanca s/n, Sector Los Choapinos, Rengo, Chile
| | - Willian Batista-Silva
- Max Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Rubén Almada
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Fruticultura, CEAF, Camino Las Parcelas 882, Sector Los Choapinos, Rengo, Chile
| | - David B Medeiros
- Max Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Stéphanie Arrivault
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Francisco Correa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias CRI Rayentué, Av. Salamanca s/n, Sector Los Choapinos, Rengo, Chile
| | - Adriana Bastías
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Rojas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias CRI Rayentué, Av. Salamanca s/n, Sector Los Choapinos, Rengo, Chile
| | - María Francisca Beltrán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias CRI Rayentué, Av. Salamanca s/n, Sector Los Choapinos, Rengo, Chile
| | - María Francisca Pozo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias CRI Rayentué, Av. Salamanca s/n, Sector Los Choapinos, Rengo, Chile
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- Max Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Boris Sagredo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias CRI Rayentué, Av. Salamanca s/n, Sector Los Choapinos, Rengo, Chile.
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Multi-gene metabolic engineering of tomato plants results in increased fruit yield up to 23%. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17219. [PMID: 33057137 PMCID: PMC7560729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity to assimilate carbon and nitrogen, to transport the resultant sugars and amino acids to sink tissues, and to convert the incoming sugars and amino acids into storage compounds in the sink tissues, are key determinants of crop yield. Given that all of these processes have the potential to co-limit growth, multiple genetic interventions in source and sink tissues, plus transport processes may be necessary to reach the full yield potential of a crop. We used biolistic combinatorial co-transformation (up to 20 transgenes) for increasing C and N flows with the purpose of increasing tomato fruit yield. We observed an increased fruit yield of up to 23%. To better explore the reconfiguration of metabolic networks in these transformants, we generated a dataset encompassing physiological parameters, gene expression and metabolite profiling on plants grown under glasshouse or polytunnel conditions. A Sparse Partial Least Squares regression model was able to explain the combination of genes that contributed to increased fruit yield. This combinatorial study of multiple transgenes targeting primary metabolism thus offers opportunities to probe the genetic basis of metabolic and phenotypic variation, providing insight into the difficulties in choosing the correct combination of targets for engineering increased fruit yield.
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6
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Subcellular Compartmentation of Metabolites Involved in Cold Acclimation. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 32607987 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0660-5_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Plant cells are heavily compartmentalized, and metabolite concentrations in the various compartments differ significantly. Thus, determination of metabolite abundance in whole-cell extracts may be misleading, when the role of a compound in plant freezing tolerance shall be evaluated. Here, we describe a method for the separation of the largest compartments of plant cells, the vacuole, plastid, and cytosol. With more elaborate analysis, this method can be expanded to also resolve mitochondria and other compartments.
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Jammer A, Albacete A, Schulz B, Koch W, Weltmeier F, van der Graaff E, Pfeifhofer HW, Roitsch TG. Early-stage sugar beet taproot development is characterized by three distinct physiological phases. PLANT DIRECT 2020; 4:e00221. [PMID: 32766510 PMCID: PMC7395582 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the agronomic importance of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), the early-stage development of its taproot has only been poorly investigated. Thus, the mechanisms that determine growth and sugar accumulation in sugar beet are largely unknown. In the presented study, a physiological characterization of early-stage sugar beet taproot development was conducted. Activities were analyzed for fourteen key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in developing taproots over the first 80 days after sowing. In addition, we performed in situ localizations of selected carbohydrate-metabolic enzyme activities, anatomical investigations, and quantifications of soluble carbohydrates, hexose phosphates, and phytohormones. Based on the accumulation dynamics of biomass and sucrose, as well as on anatomical parameters, the early phase of taproot development could be subdivided into three stages-prestorage, transition, secondary growth and sucrose accumulation stage-each of which was characterized by distinct metabolic and phytohormonal signatures. The enzyme activity signatures corresponding to these stages were also shown to be robustly reproducible in experiments conducted in two additional locations. The results from this physiological phenotyping approach contribute to the identification of the key regulators of sugar beet taproot development and open up new perspectives for sugar beet crop improvement concerning both physiological marker-based breeding and biotechnological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Jammer
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- Department of Crop SciencesUFT TullnUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU)TullnAustria
| | - Alfonso Albacete
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- Present address:
Department of Plant Production and AgrotechnologyInstitute for Agri‐Food Research and Development of Murcia (IMIDA)MurciaSpain
| | | | | | | | - Eric van der Graaff
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesCopenhagen Plant Science CentreUniversity of CopenhagenTaastrupDenmark
- Present address:
Koppert Cress B.V.MonsterThe Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas G. Roitsch
- Department of Crop SciencesUFT TullnUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU)TullnAustria
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesCopenhagen Plant Science CentreUniversity of CopenhagenTaastrupDenmark
- Department of Adaptive BiotechnologiesGlobal Change Research Institute CASBrnoCzech Republic
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8
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Prodhomme D, Valls Fonayet J, Hévin C, Franc C, Hilbert G, de Revel G, Richard T, Ollat N, Cookson SJ. Metabolite profiling during graft union formation reveals the reprogramming of primary metabolism and the induction of stilbene synthesis at the graft interface in grapevine. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:599. [PMID: 31888506 PMCID: PMC6937855 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grafting with rootstocks is essential for the culture of many perennial fruit crops and is increasing being used in the production of annual fruits and vegetables. Our previous work based on microarrays showed that transcripts encoding enzymes of both primary and secondary metabolism were differentially expressed during graft union formation in both homo-grafts (a genotype grafted with itself) and hetero-grafts (two different genotypes grafted together). The aim of this study was to profile primary and secondary metabolites, and quantify the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and neutral invertase (NI) in the scion and rootstock tissues and the graft interface of homo and hetero-grafts of grapevine 1 month after grafting. Table-top grafting was done on over-wintering stems (canes) of grapevine and the graft interface tissues (containing some woody stem tissues and callus) were compared to the surrounding rootstock and scion tissues. The objective was to identify compounds involved in graft union formation and hetero-grafting responses. RESULTS A total of 54 compounds from primary and secondary metabolism (19 amino acids, five primary and 30 secondary compounds metabolites) and the activity of two enzymes were measured. The graft interface was associated with an increase in the accumulation of the branched-chain amino acids, basic amino acids, certain stilbene compounds and higher PAL and NI activity in comparison to the surrounding woody stem tissues. Some amino acids and stilbenes were identified as being accumulated differently between the graft interfaces of the scion/rootstock combinations in a manner which was unrelated to their concentrations in the surrounding woody stem tissues. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the modification of primary metabolism to support callus cell formation and the stimulation of stilbene synthesis at the graft interface, and how these processes are modified by hetero-grafting. Knowledge of the metabolites and/or enzymes required for successful graft union formation offer us the potential to identify markers that could be used by nurseries and researchers for selection and breeding purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duyên Prodhomme
- INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, EGFV UMR 1287, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Josep Valls Fonayet
- Unité de recherche Oenologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, F33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Cyril Hévin
- INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, EGFV UMR 1287, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Céline Franc
- Unité de recherche Oenologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, F33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Ghislaine Hilbert
- INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, EGFV UMR 1287, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Gilles de Revel
- Unité de recherche Oenologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, F33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Tristan Richard
- Unité de recherche Oenologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, F33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Nathalie Ollat
- INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, EGFV UMR 1287, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sarah Jane Cookson
- INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, EGFV UMR 1287, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Borghi GL, Moraes TA, Günther M, Feil R, Mengin V, Lunn JE, Stitt M, Arrivault S. Relationship between irradiance and levels of Calvin-Benson cycle and other intermediates in the model eudicot Arabidopsis and the model monocot rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5809-5825. [PMID: 31353406 PMCID: PMC6812724 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Metabolite profiles provide a top-down overview of the balance between the reactions in a pathway. We compared Calvin-Benson cycle (CBC) intermediate profiles in different conditions in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa) to learn which features of CBC regulation differ and which are shared between these model eudicot and monocot C3 species. Principal component analysis revealed that CBC intermediate profiles follow different trajectories in Arabidopsis and rice as irradiance increases. The balance between subprocesses or reactions differed, with 3-phosphoglycerate reduction being favoured in Arabidopsis and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate regeneration in rice, and sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase being favoured in Arabidopsis compared with fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in rice. Photosynthesis rates rose in parallel with ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate levels in Arabidopsis, but not in rice. Nevertheless, some responses were shared between Arabidopsis and rice. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate were high or peaked at very low irradiance in both species. Incomplete activation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase may prevent wasteful futile cycles in low irradiance. End-product synthesis is inhibited and high levels of CBC intermediates are maintained in low light or in low CO2 in both species. This may improve photosynthetic efficiency in fluctuating irradiance, and facilitate rapid CBC flux to support photorespiration and energy dissipation in low CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luca Borghi
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | | | - Manuela Günther
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Virginie Mengin
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - John E Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Mark Stitt
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Stéphanie Arrivault
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Correspondence:
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10
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Wang B, Xie G, Liu Z, He R, Han J, Huang S, Liu L, Cheng X. Mutagenesis Reveals That the OsPPa6 Gene Is Required for Enhancing the Alkaline Tolerance in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:759. [PMID: 31244876 PMCID: PMC6580931 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline stress (AS) is one of the abiotic stressful factors limiting plant's growth and development. Inorganic pyrophosphatase is usually involved in a variety of biological processes in plant in response to the abiotic stresses. Here, to clarify the responsive regulation of inorganic pyrophosphatase in rice under AS, the mutagenesis of the OsPPa6 gene encoding an inorganic pyrophosphatase in rice cv. Kitaake (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) was performed by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Two homozygous independent mutants with cas9-free were obtained by continuously screening. qPCR reveals that the OsPPa6 gene was significantly induced by AS, and the mutagenesis of the OsPPa6 gene apparently delayed rice's growth and development, especially under AS. Measurements demonstrate that the contents of pyrophosphate in the mutants were higher than those in the wild type under AS, however, the accumulation of inorganic phosphate, ATP, chlorophyll, sucrose, and starch in the mutants were decreased significantly, and the mutagenesis of the OsPPa6 gene remarkably lowered the net photosynthetic rate of rice mutants, thus reducing the contents of soluble sugar and proline, but remarkably increasing MDA, osmotic potentials and Na+/K+ ratio in the mutants under AS. Metabonomics measurement shows that the mutants obviously down-regulated the accumulation of phosphorylcholine, choline, anthranilic acid, apigenin, coniferol and dodecanoic acid, but up-regulated the accumulation of L-valine, alpha-ketoglutarate, phenylpyruvate and L-phenylalanine under AS. This study suggests that the OsPPa6 gene is an important osmotic regulatory factor in rice, and the gene-editing of CRISPR/Cas9-guided is an effective method evaluating the responsive regulation of the stress-induced gene, and simultaneously provides a scientific support for the application of the gene encoding a soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase in molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Biology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Xie
- Jiujiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiujiang, China
| | - Zhonglai Liu
- Jiujiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiujiang, China
| | - Rui He
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Biology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Han
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Biology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengcai Huang
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Biology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Laihua Liu
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianguo Cheng
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Biology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Fernandez O, Urrutia M, Berton T, Bernillon S, Deborde C, Jacob D, Maucourt M, Maury P, Duruflé H, Gibon Y, Langlade NB, Moing A. Metabolomic characterization of sunflower leaf allows discriminating genotype groups or stress levels with a minimal set of metabolic markers. Metabolomics 2019; 15:56. [PMID: 30929085 PMCID: PMC6441456 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plant and crop metabolomic analyses may be used to study metabolism across genetic and environmental diversity. Complementary analytical strategies are useful for investigating metabolic changes and searching for biomarkers of response or performance. METHODS AND OBJECTIVES The experimental material consisted in eight sunflower lines with two line status, four restorers (R, used as males) and four maintainers (B, corresponding to females) routinely used for sunflower hybrid varietal production, respectively to complement or maintain the cytoplasmic male sterility PET1. These lines were either irrigated at full soil capacity (WW) or submitted to drought stress (DS). Our aim was to combine targeted and non-targeted metabolomics to characterize sunflower leaf composition in order to investigate the effect of line status genotypes and environmental conditions and to find the best and smallest set of biomarkers for line status and stress response using a custom-made process of variables selection. RESULTS Five hundred and eighty-eight metabolic variables were measured by using complementary analytical methods such as 1H-NMR, MS-based profiles and targeted analyses of major metabolites. Based on statistical analyses, a limited number of markers were able to separate WW and DS samples in a more discriminant manner than previously published physiological data. Another metabolic marker set was able to discriminate line status. CONCLUSION This study underlines the potential of metabolic markers for discriminating genotype groups and environmental conditions. Their potential use for prediction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Fernandez
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Present Address: Laboratoire RIBP, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse Chemin des Rouliers, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Maria Urrutia
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- UMR AgroImpact, INRA, Estrées-Mons, 80203 Péronne, France
- Present Address: Enza Zaden Centro de Investigacion S.L., Santa Maria del Aguila, 04710 Almeria, Spain
| | - Thierry Berton
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Present Address: Centre for CardioVascular and Nutrition, UMR INRA-INSERM, Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, 13005 Marseilles, France
| | - Stéphane Bernillon
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, CGFB, MetaboHUB-PHENOME, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Catherine Deborde
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, CGFB, MetaboHUB-PHENOME, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Jacob
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, CGFB, MetaboHUB-PHENOME, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Mickaël Maucourt
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, CGFB, MetaboHUB-PHENOME, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Present Address: Enza Zaden Centro de Investigacion S.L., Santa Maria del Aguila, 04710 Almeria, Spain
| | - Pierre Maury
- UMR LIPM, INRA, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Harold Duruflé
- UMR LIPM, INRA, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, CGFB, MetaboHUB-PHENOME, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Nicolas B. Langlade
- UMR LIPM, INRA, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Annick Moing
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, CGFB, MetaboHUB-PHENOME, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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12
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Rende U, Niittylä T, Moritz T. Two-step derivatization for determination of sugar phosphates in plants by combined reversed phase chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:127. [PMID: 31719834 PMCID: PMC6836659 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugar phosphates are important intermediates of central carbon metabolism in biological systems, with roles in glycolysis, the pentose-phosphate pathway, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and many other biosynthesis pathways. Understanding central carbon metabolism requires a simple, robust and comprehensive analytical method. However, sugar phosphates are notoriously difficult to analyze by traditional reversed phase liquid chromatography. RESULTS Here, we show a two-step derivatization of sugar phosphates by methoxylamine and propionic acid anhydride after chloroform/methanol (3:7) extraction from Populus leaf and developing wood that improves separation, identification and quantification of sugar phosphates by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS). Standard curves of authentic sugar phosphates were generated for concentrations from pg to ng/μl with a correlation coefficient R 2 > 0.99. The method showed high sensitivity and repeatability with relative standard deviation (RSD) < 20% based on repeated extraction, derivatization and detection. The analytical accuracy for Populus leaf extracts, determined by a two-level spiking approach of selected metabolites, was 79-107%. CONCLUSION The results show the reliability of combined reversed phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for sugar phosphate analysis and demonstrate the presence of two unknown sugar phosphates in Populus extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Rende
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Totte Niittylä
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
- The NovoNordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Issa A, Esmaeel Q, Sanchez L, Courteaux B, Guise JF, Gibon Y, Ballias P, Clément C, Jacquard C, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Aït Barka E. Impacts of Paraburkholderia phytofirmans Strain PsJN on Tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum L.) Under High Temperature. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1397. [PMID: 30405648 PMCID: PMC6201190 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal temperatures induce physiological and biochemical changes resulting in the loss of yield. The present study investigates the impact of the PsJN strain of Paraburkholderia phytofirmans on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in response to heat stress (32°C). The results of this work showed that bacterial inoculation with P. phytofirmans strain PsJN increased tomato growth parameters such as chlorophyll content and gas exchange at both normal and high temperatures (25 and 32°C). At normal temperature (25°C), the rate of photosynthesis and the photosystem II activity increased with significant accumulations of sugars, total amino acids, proline, and malate in the bacterized tomato plants, demonstrating that the PsJN strain had a positive effect on plant growth. However, the amount of sucrose, total amino acids, proline, and malate were significantly affected in tomato leaves at 32°C compared to that at 25°C. Changes in photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence showed that the bacterized tomato plants were well acclimated at 32°C. These results reinforce the current knowledge about the PsJN strain of P. phytofirmans and highlight in particular its ability to alleviate the harmful effects of high temperatures by stimulating the growth and tolerance of tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Issa
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Qassim Esmaeel
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Lisa Sanchez
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Barbara Courteaux
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Jean-Francois Guise
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Villenave-d’Ornon, France
| | - Patricia Ballias
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Villenave-d’Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Essaïd Aït Barka
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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14
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Graus D, Konrad KR, Bemm F, Patir Nebioglu MG, Lorey C, Duscha K, Güthoff T, Herrmann J, Ferjani A, Cuin TA, Roelfsema MRG, Schumacher K, Neuhaus HE, Marten I, Hedrich R. High V-PPase activity is beneficial under high salt loads, but detrimental without salinity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 219:1421-1432. [PMID: 29938800 PMCID: PMC6099232 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The membrane-bound proton-pumping pyrophosphatase (V-PPase), together with the V-type H+ -ATPase, generates the proton motive force that drives vacuolar membrane solute transport. Transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing V-PPases were shown to have improved salinity tolerance, but the relative impact of increasing PPi hydrolysis and proton-pumping functions has yet to be dissected. For a better understanding of the molecular processes underlying V-PPase-dependent salt tolerance, we transiently overexpressed the pyrophosphate-driven proton pump (NbVHP) in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and studied its functional properties in relation to salt treatment by primarily using patch-clamp, impalement electrodes and pH imaging. NbVHP overexpression led to higher vacuolar proton currents and vacuolar acidification. After 3 d in salt-untreated conditions, V-PPase-overexpressing leaves showed a drop in photosynthetic capacity, plasma membrane depolarization and eventual leaf necrosis. Salt, however, rescued NbVHP-hyperactive cells from cell death. Furthermore, a salt-induced rise in V-PPase but not of V-ATPase pump currents was detected in nontransformed plants. The results indicate that under normal growth conditions, plants need to regulate the V-PPase pump activity to avoid hyperactivity and its negative feedback on cell viability. Nonetheless, V-PPase proton pump function becomes increasingly important under salt stress for generating the pH gradient necessary for vacuolar proton-coupled Na+ sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Graus
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WürzburgJulius von‐Sachs Platz 2WürzburgD‐97082Germany
| | - Kai R. Konrad
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WürzburgJulius von‐Sachs Platz 2WürzburgD‐97082Germany
| | - Felix Bemm
- Institute of BioinformaticsCenter for Computational and Theoretical, BiologyUniversity of WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97218Germany
| | - Meliha Görkem Patir Nebioglu
- Centre for Organismal StudiesDevelopmental Biology of PlantsRuprecht‐Karls‐University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 230Heidelberg69120Germany
| | - Christian Lorey
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WürzburgJulius von‐Sachs Platz 2WürzburgD‐97082Germany
| | - Kerstin Duscha
- Plant PhysiologyUniversity KaiserslauternPostfach 3049KaiserslauternD‐67653Germany
| | - Tilman Güthoff
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WürzburgJulius von‐Sachs Platz 2WürzburgD‐97082Germany
| | - Johannes Herrmann
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WürzburgJulius von‐Sachs Platz 2WürzburgD‐97082Germany
| | - Ali Ferjani
- Department of BiologyTokyo Gakugei UniversityNukui Kitamachi 4‐1‐1Koganei‐shiTokyo184‐8501Japan
| | - Tracey Ann Cuin
- Tasmanian Institute of AgricultureUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTAS7001Australia
| | - M. Rob G. Roelfsema
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WürzburgJulius von‐Sachs Platz 2WürzburgD‐97082Germany
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Centre for Organismal StudiesDevelopmental Biology of PlantsRuprecht‐Karls‐University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 230Heidelberg69120Germany
| | - H. Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant PhysiologyUniversity KaiserslauternPostfach 3049KaiserslauternD‐67653Germany
| | - Irene Marten
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WürzburgJulius von‐Sachs Platz 2WürzburgD‐97082Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WürzburgJulius von‐Sachs Platz 2WürzburgD‐97082Germany
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15
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Shinozaki Y, Ezura K, Hu J, Okabe Y, Bénard C, Prodhomme D, Gibon Y, Sun TP, Ezura H, Ariizumi T. Identification and functional study of a mild allele of SlDELLA gene conferring the potential for improved yield in tomato. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12043. [PMID: 30104574 PMCID: PMC6089951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Parthenocarpy, or pollination-independent fruit set, is an attractive trait for fruit production and can be induced by increased responses to the phytohormone gibberellin (GA), which regulates diverse aspects of plant development. GA signaling in plants is negatively regulated by DELLA proteins. A loss-of-function mutant of tomato DELLA (SlDELLA), procera (pro) thus exhibits enhanced GA-response phenotypes including parthenocarpy, although the pro mutation also confers some disadvantages for practical breeding. This study identified a new milder hypomorphic allele of SlDELLA, procera-2 (pro-2), which showed weaker GA-response phenotypes than pro. The pro-2 mutant contains a single nucleotide substitution, corresponding to a single amino acid substitution in the SAW subdomain of the SlDELLA. Accumulation of the mutated SlDELLA transcripts in wild-type (WT) resulted in parthenocarpy, while introduction of intact SlDELLA into pro-2 rescued mutant phenotypes. Yeast two-hybrid assays revealed that SlDELLA interacted with three tomato homologues of GID1 GA receptors with increasing affinity upon GA treatment, while their interactions were reduced by the pro and pro-2 mutations. Both pro and pro-2 mutants produced higher fruit yields under high temperature conditions, which were resulted from higher fruit set efficiency, demonstrating the potential for genetic parthenocarpy to improve yield under adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Shinozaki
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS), Kojimachi, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ezura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS), Kojimachi, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Okabe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Camille Bénard
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Univ, Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, F-33883, France
| | - Duyen Prodhomme
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Univ, Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, F-33883, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Univ, Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, F-33883, France
| | - Tai-Ping Sun
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA
| | - Hiroshi Ezura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Tohru Ariizumi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
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Andersson M, Turesson H, Arrivault S, Zhang Y, Fält AS, Fernie AR, Hofvander P. Inhibition of plastid PPase and NTT leads to major changes in starch and tuber formation in potato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1913-1924. [PMID: 29538769 PMCID: PMC6018912 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The importance of a plastidial soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase (psPPase) and an ATP/ADP translocator (NTT) for starch composition and tuber formation in potato (Solanum tuberosum) was evaluated by individual and simultaneous down-regulation of the corresponding endogenous genes. Starch and amylose content of the transgenic lines were considerably lower, and granule size substantially smaller, with down-regulation of StpsPPase generating the most pronounced effects. Single-gene down-regulation of either StpsPPase or StNTT resulted in increased tuber numbers per plant and higher fresh weight yield. In contrast, when both genes were inhibited simultaneously, some lines developed only a few, small and distorted tubers. Analysis of metabolites revealed altered amounts of sugar intermediates, and a substantial increase in ADP-glucose content of the StpsPPase lines. Increased amounts of intermediates of vitamin C biosynthesis were also observed. This study suggests that hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (PPi) by action of a psPPase is vital for functional starch accumulation in potato tubers and that no additional mechanism for consuming, hydrolysing, or exporting PPi exists in the studied tissue. Additionally, it demonstrates that functional PPi hydrolysis in combination with efficient ATP import is essential for tuber formation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariette Andersson
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Helle Turesson
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Stéphanie Arrivault
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Ann-Sofie Fält
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Per Hofvander
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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17
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Verbančič J, Lunn JE, Stitt M, Persson S. Carbon Supply and the Regulation of Cell Wall Synthesis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:75-94. [PMID: 29054565 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
All plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall that determines the directionality of cell growth and protects the cell against its environment. Plant cell walls are comprised primarily of polysaccharides and represent the largest sink for photosynthetically fixed carbon, both for individual plants and in the terrestrial biosphere as a whole. Cell wall synthesis is a highly sophisticated process, involving multiple enzymes and metabolic intermediates, intracellular trafficking of proteins and cell wall precursors, assembly of cell wall polymers into the extracellular matrix, remodeling of polymers and their interactions, and recycling of cell wall sugars. In this review we discuss how newly fixed carbon, in the form of UDP-glucose and other nucleotide sugars, contributes to the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides, and how cell wall synthesis is influenced by the carbon status of the plant, with a focus on the model species Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Verbančič
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - John Edward Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Mark Stitt
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Staffan Persson
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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18
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Argyris JM, Díaz A, Ruggieri V, Fernández M, Jahrmann T, Gibon Y, Picó B, Martín-Hernández AM, Monforte AJ, Garcia-Mas J. QTL Analyses in Multiple Populations Employed for the Fine Mapping and Identification of Candidate Genes at a Locus Affecting Sugar Accumulation in Melon ( Cucumis melo L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1679. [PMID: 29018473 PMCID: PMC5623194 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Sugar content is the major determinant of both fruit quality and consumer acceptance in melon (Cucumis melo L), and is a primary target for crop improvement. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) derived from the intraspecific cross between a "Piel de Sapo" (PS) type and the exotic cultivar "Songwhan Charmi" (SC), and several populations generated from the cross of PS × Ames 24294 ("Trigonus"), a wild melon, were used to identify QTL related to sugar and organic acid composition. Seventy-eight QTL were detected across several locations and different years, with three important clusters related to sugar content located on chromosomes 4, 5, and 7. Two PS × SC NILs (SC5-1 and SC5-2) sharing a common genomic interval of 1.7 Mb at the top of chromosome 5 contained QTL reducing soluble solids content (SSC) and sucrose content by an average of 29 and 68%, respectively. This cluster collocated with QTL affecting sugar content identified in other studies in lines developed from the PS × SC cross and supported the presence of a stable consensus locus involved in sugar accumulation that we named SUCQSC5.1. QTL reducing soluble solids and sucrose content identified in the "Trigonus" mapping populations, as well as QTL identified in previous studies from other ssp. agrestis sources, collocated with SUCQSC5.1, suggesting that they may be allelic and implying a role in domestication. In subNILs derived from the PS × SC5-1 cross, SUCQSC5.1 reduced SSC and sucrose content by an average of 18 and 34%, respectively, and was fine-mapped to a 56.1 kb interval containing four genes. Expression analysis of the candidate genes in mature fruit showed differences between the subNILs with PS alleles that were "high" sugar and SC alleles of "low" sugar phenotypes for MELO3C014519, encoding a putative BEL1-like homeodomain protein. Sequence differences in the gene predicted to affect protein function were restricted to SC and other ssp. agrestis cultivar groups. These results provide the basis for further investigation of genes affecting sugar accumulation in melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Argyris
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Díaz
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Valentino Ruggieri
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Yves Gibon
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, INRA, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Belén Picó
- Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of the Agricultural Biodiversity, Universitat Politècnica de València (COMAV-UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana M. Martín-Hernández
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Monforte
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Garcia-Mas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
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Gimeno TE, Ogée J, Royles J, Gibon Y, West JB, Burlett R, Jones SP, Sauze J, Wohl S, Benard C, Genty B, Wingate L. Bryophyte gas-exchange dynamics along varying hydration status reveal a significant carbonyl sulphide (COS) sink in the dark and COS source in the light. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 215:965-976. [PMID: 28467665 PMCID: PMC5518222 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Carbonyl sulphide (COS) is a potential tracer of gross primary productivity (GPP), assuming a unidirectional COS flux into the vegetation that scales with GPP. However, carbonic anhydrase (CA), the enzyme that hydrolyses COS, is expected to be light independent, and thus plants without stomata should continue to take up COS in the dark. We measured net CO2 (AC ) and COS (AS ) uptake rates from two astomatous bryophytes at different relative water contents (RWCs), COS concentrations, temperatures and light intensities. We found large AS in the dark, indicating that CA activity continues without photosynthesis. More surprisingly, we found a nonzero COS compensation point in light and dark conditions, indicating a temperature-driven COS source with a Q10 (fractional change for a 10°C temperature increase) of 3.7. This resulted in greater AS in the dark than in the light at similar RWC. The processes underlying such COS emissions remain unknown. Our results suggest that ecosystems dominated by bryophytes might be strong atmospheric sinks of COS at night and weaker sinks or even sources of COS during daytime. Biotic COS production in bryophytes could result from symbiotic fungal and bacterial partners that could also be found on vascular plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jérôme Ogée
- ISPABordeaux Science AgroINRAVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Jessica Royles
- Department Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR BFP 1332Plateforme Métabolome du Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle BordeauxPHENOME INRAUniversity of BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Jason B. West
- Department of Ecosystem Science & ManagementTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77845USA
| | - Régis Burlett
- UMR BIOGECOINRAUniversity of BordeauxTalence33450France
| | - Sam P. Jones
- ISPABordeaux Science AgroINRAVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Joana Sauze
- ISPABordeaux Science AgroINRAVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Steven Wohl
- ISPABordeaux Science AgroINRAVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Camille Benard
- UMR BFP 1332Plateforme Métabolome du Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle BordeauxPHENOME INRAUniversity of BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Bernard Genty
- CNRS/CEA/Aix‐Marseille UniversityUMR 7265 BVMESaint‐Paul‐lez‐DuranceFrance
| | - Lisa Wingate
- ISPABordeaux Science AgroINRAVillenave d'Ornon33140France
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20
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Schilling RK, Tester M, Marschner P, Plett DC, Roy SJ. AVP1: One Protein, Many Roles. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 22:154-162. [PMID: 27989652 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive expression of the Arabidopsis vacuolar proton-pumping pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase) gene (AVP1) increases plant growth under various abiotic stress conditions and, importantly, under nonstressed conditions. Many interpretations have been proposed to explain these phenotypes, including greater vacuolar ion sequestration, increased auxin transport, enhanced heterotrophic growth, and increased transport of sucrose from source to sink tissues. In this review, we evaluate all the roles proposed for AVP1, using findings published to date from mutant plants lacking functional AVP1 and transgenic plants expressing AVP1. It is clear that AVP1 is one protein with many roles, and that one or more of these roles act to enhance plant growth. The complexity suggests that a systems biology approach to evaluate biological networks is required to investigate these intertwined roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon K Schilling
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Mark Tester
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Petra Marschner
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Darren C Plett
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Stuart J Roy
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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21
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Jorge TF, Mata AT, António C. Mass spectrometry as a quantitative tool in plant metabolomics. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2016; 374:20150370. [PMID: 27644967 PMCID: PMC5031636 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a research field used to acquire comprehensive information on the composition of a metabolite pool to provide a functional screen of the cellular state. Studies of the plant metabolome include the analysis of a wide range of chemical species with very diverse physico-chemical properties, and therefore powerful analytical tools are required for the separation, characterization and quantification of this vast compound diversity present in plant matrices. In this review, challenges in the use of mass spectrometry (MS) as a quantitative tool in plant metabolomics experiments are discussed, and important criteria for the development and validation of MS-based analytical methods provided.This article is part of the themed issue 'Quantitative mass spectrometry'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F Jorge
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana T Mata
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Carla António
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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Jorge TF, Rodrigues JA, Caldana C, Schmidt R, van Dongen JT, Thomas-Oates J, António C. Mass spectrometry-based plant metabolomics: Metabolite responses to abiotic stress. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2016; 35:620-49. [PMID: 25589422 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is one omics approach that can be used to acquire comprehensive information on the composition of a metabolite pool to provide a functional screen of the cellular state. Studies of the plant metabolome include analysis of a wide range of chemical species with diverse physical properties, from ionic inorganic compounds to biochemically derived hydrophilic carbohydrates, organic and amino acids, and a range of hydrophobic lipid-related compounds. This complexitiy brings huge challenges to the analytical technologies employed in current plant metabolomics programs, and powerful analytical tools are required for the separation and characterization of this extremely high compound diversity present in biological sample matrices. The use of mass spectrometry (MS)-based analytical platforms to profile stress-responsive metabolites that allow some plants to adapt to adverse environmental conditions is fundamental in current plant biotechnology research programs for the understanding and development of stress-tolerant plants. In this review, we describe recent applications of metabolomics and emphasize its increasing application to study plant responses to environmental (stress-) factors, including drought, salt, low oxygen caused by waterlogging or flooding of the soil, temperature, light and oxidative stress (or a combination of them). Advances in understanding the global changes occurring in plant metabolism under specific abiotic stress conditions are fundamental to enhance plant fitness and increase stress tolerance. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 35:620-649, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F Jorge
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier-Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB-UNL), Avenida República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - João A Rodrigues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Camila Caldana
- Max-Planck-partner group at the Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory/CNPEM, 13083-970, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Romy Schmidt
- Institute of Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joost T van Dongen
- Institute of Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jane Thomas-Oates
- Jane Thomas-Oates, Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry, and Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Carla António
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier-Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB-UNL), Avenida República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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23
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Perpiñá G, Esteras C, Gibon Y, Monforte AJ, Picó B. A new genomic library of melon introgression lines in a cantaloupe genetic background for dissecting desirable agronomical traits. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:154. [PMID: 27390934 PMCID: PMC4938994 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0842-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic libraries of introgression lines (ILs) consist of collections of homozygous lines with a single chromosomal introgression from a donor genotype in a common, usually elite, genetic background, representing the whole donor genome in the full collection. Currently, the only available melon IL collection was generated using Piel de sapo (var. inodorus) as the recurrent background. ILs are not available in genetic backgrounds representing other important market class cultivars, such as the cantalupensis. The recent availability of genomic tools in melon, such as SNP collections and genetic maps, facilitates the development of such mapping populations. RESULTS We have developed a new genomic library of introgression lines from the Japanese cv. Ginsen Makuwa (var. makuwa) into the French Charentais-type cv. Vedrantais (var. cantalupensis) genetic background. In order to speed up the breeding program, we applied medium-throughput SNP genotyping with Sequenom MassARRAY technology in early backcross generations and High Resolution Melting in the final steps. The phenotyping of the backcross generations and of the final set of 27 ILs (averaging 1.3 introgressions/plant and covering nearly 100 % of the donor genome), in three environments, allowed the detection of stable QTLs for flowering and fruit quality traits, including some that affect fruit size in chromosomes 6 and 11, others that change fruit shape in chromosomes 7 and 11, others that change flesh color in chromosomes 2, 8 and 9, and still others that increase sucrose content and delay climacteric behavior in chromosomes 5 and 10. CONCLUSIONS A new melon IL collection in the Charentais genetic background has been developed. Genomic regions that consistently affect flowering and fruit quality traits have been identified, which demonstrates the suitability of this collection for dissecting complex traits in melon. Additionally, pre-breeding lines with new, commercially interesting phenotypes have been observed, including delayed climacteric ripening associated to higher sucrose levels, which is of great interest for Charentais cultivar breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorka Perpiñá
- />Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad, Universitat Politècnica de València (COMAV-UPV), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Esteras
- />Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad, Universitat Politècnica de València (COMAV-UPV), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Yves Gibon
- />UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie and Plateforme Métabolome, INRA-Bordeaux and Bordeaux University, 71 av. Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Antonio J. Monforte
- />Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP) UPV-CSIC, Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación Edificio 8E, Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Picó
- />Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad, Universitat Politècnica de València (COMAV-UPV), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Fürtauer L, Weckwerth W, Nägele T. A Benchtop Fractionation Procedure for Subcellular Analysis of the Plant Metabolome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1912. [PMID: 28066469 PMCID: PMC5177628 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Although compartmentation is a key feature of eukaryotic cells, biological research is frequently limited by methods allowing for the comprehensive subcellular resolution of the metabolome. It has been widely accepted that such a resolution would be necessary in order to approximate cellular biochemistry and metabolic regulation, yet technical challenges still limit both the reproducible subcellular fractionation and the sample throughput being necessary for a statistically robust analysis. Here, we present a method and a detailed protocol which is based on the non-aqueous fractionation technique enabling the assignment of metabolites to their subcellular localization. The presented benchtop method aims at unraveling subcellular metabolome dynamics in a precise and statistically robust manner using a relatively small amount of tissue material. The method is based on the separation of cellular fractions via density gradients consisting of organic, non-aqueous solvents. By determining the relative distribution of compartment-specific marker enzymes together with metabolite profiles over the density gradient it is possible to estimate compartment-specific metabolite concentrations by correlation. To support this correlation analysis, a spreadsheet is provided executing a calculation algorithm to determine the distribution of metabolites over subcellular compartments. The calculation algorithm performs correlation of marker enzyme activity and metabolite abundance accounting for technical errors, reproducibility and the resulting error propagation. The method was developed, tested and validated in three natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana showing different ability to acclimate to low temperature. Particularly, amino acids were strongly shuffled between subcellular compartments in a cold-sensitive accession while a cold-tolerant accession was characterized by a stable subcellular metabolic homeostasis. Finally, we conclude that subcellular metabolome analysis is essential to unambiguously unravel regulatory strategies being involved in plant-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Fürtauer
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Nägele
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Thomas Nägele
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25
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Dai Z, Plessis A, Vincent J, Duchateau N, Besson A, Dardevet M, Prodhomme D, Gibon Y, Hilbert G, Pailloux M, Ravel C, Martre P. Transcriptional and metabolic alternations rebalance wheat grain storage protein accumulation under variable nitrogen and sulfur supply. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 83:326-43. [PMID: 25996785 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain storage proteins (GSPs) are major determinants of flour end-use value. Biological and molecular mechanisms underlying the developmental and nutritional determination of GSP accumulation in cereals are as yet poorly understood. Here we timed the accumulation of GSPs during wheat grain maturation relative to changes in metabolite and transcript pools in different conditions of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) availability. We found that the N/S supply ratio modulated the duration of accumulation of S-rich GSPs and the rate of accumulation of S-poor GSPs. These changes are likely to be the result of distinct relationships between N and S allocation, depending on the S content of the GSP. Most developmental and nutritional modifications in GSP synthesis correlated with the abundance of structural gene transcripts. Changes in the expression of transport and metabolism genes altered the concentrations of several free amino acids under variable conditions of N and S supply, and these amino acids seem to be essential in determining GSP expression. The comprehensive data set generated and analyzed here provides insights that will be useful in adapting fertilizer use to variable N and S supply, or for breeding new cultivars with balanced and robust GSP composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwu Dai
- INRA, UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 chemin de Beaulieu, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63 039, France
- UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 177, France
| | - Anne Plessis
- INRA, UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 chemin de Beaulieu, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63 039, France
- UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 177, France
| | - Jonathan Vincent
- INRA, UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 chemin de Beaulieu, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63 039, France
- UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 177, France
- UMR6158 CNRS Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'Optimisation des Systèmes, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 173, France
| | - Nathalie Duchateau
- INRA, UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 chemin de Beaulieu, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63 039, France
- UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 177, France
| | - Alicia Besson
- INRA, UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 chemin de Beaulieu, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63 039, France
- UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 177, France
| | - Mireille Dardevet
- INRA, UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 chemin de Beaulieu, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63 039, France
- UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 177, France
| | - Duyen Prodhomme
- INRA, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, F-33 882, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- INRA, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, F-33 882, France
| | - Ghislaine Hilbert
- INRA, UMR1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Villenave d'Ornon, F-33 882, France
| | - Marie Pailloux
- UMR6158 CNRS Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'Optimisation des Systèmes, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 173, France
| | - Catherine Ravel
- INRA, UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 chemin de Beaulieu, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63 039, France
- UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 177, France
| | - Pierre Martre
- INRA, UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 chemin de Beaulieu, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63 039, France
- UMR1095 Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière, F-63 177, France
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Wallace JG, Bradbury PJ, Zhang N, Gibon Y, Stitt M, Buckler ES. Association mapping across numerous traits reveals patterns of functional variation in maize. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004845. [PMID: 25474422 PMCID: PMC4256217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic variation in natural populations results from a combination of genetic effects, environmental effects, and gene-by-environment interactions. Despite the vast amount of genomic data becoming available, many pressing questions remain about the nature of genetic mutations that underlie functional variation. We present the results of combining genome-wide association analysis of 41 different phenotypes in ∼ 5,000 inbred maize lines to analyze patterns of high-resolution genetic association among of 28.9 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and ∼ 800,000 copy-number variants (CNVs). We show that genic and intergenic regions have opposite patterns of enrichment, minor allele frequencies, and effect sizes, implying tradeoffs among the probability that a given polymorphism will have an effect, the detectable size of that effect, and its frequency in the population. We also find that genes tagged by GWAS are enriched for regulatory functions and are ∼ 50% more likely to have a paralog than expected by chance, indicating that gene regulation and gene duplication are strong drivers of phenotypic variation. These results will likely apply to many other organisms, especially ones with large and complex genomes like maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G Wallace
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Peter J Bradbury
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Nengyi Zhang
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Yves Gibon
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm-Potsdam, Germany; INRA, UMR 1332, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Mark Stitt
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm-Potsdam, Germany
| | - Edward S Buckler
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, New York, United States of America; Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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27
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Brauner K, Hörmiller I, Nägele T, Heyer AG. Exaggerated root respiration accounts for growth retardation in a starchless mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 79:82-91. [PMID: 24836712 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The knock-out mutation of plastidial phosphoglucomutase (pgm) causes a starchless phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana, and results in a severe growth reduction of plants cultivated under diurnal conditions. It has been speculated that high soluble sugar levels accumulating during the light phase in leaf mesophyll might cause a reduction of photosynthetic activity or that shortage of reduced carbon during the night is the reason for the slow biomass gain of pgm. Separate simultaneous measurements of leaf net photosynthesis and root respiration demonstrate that photosynthetic activity per unit fresh weight is not reduced in pgm, whereas root respiration is strongly elevated. Comparison with a mutant defective in the dominating vacuolar invertase (AtβFruct4) revealed that high sucrose concentration in the cytosol, but not in the vacuole, of leaf cells is responsible for elevated assimilate transport to the root. Increased sugar supply to the root, as observed in pgm mutants, forces substantial respiratory losses. Because root respiration accounts for 80% of total plant respiration under long-day conditions, this gives rise to retarded biomass formation. In contrast, reduced vacuolar invertase activity leads to reduced net photosynthesis in the shoot and lowered root respiration, and affords an increased root/shoot ratio. The results demonstrate that roots have very limited capacity for carbon storage but exert rigid control of supply for their maintenance metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Brauner
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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Martins SCV, Araújo WL, Tohge T, Fernie AR, DaMatta FM. In high-light-acclimated coffee plants the metabolic machinery is adjusted to avoid oxidative stress rather than to benefit from extra light enhancement in photosynthetic yield. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94862. [PMID: 24733284 PMCID: PMC3986255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) has been traditionally considered as shade-demanding, although it performs well without shade and even out-yields shaded coffee. Here we investigated how coffee plants adjust their metabolic machinery to varying light supply and whether these adjustments are supported by a reprogramming of the primary and secondary metabolism. We demonstrate that coffee plants are able to adjust its metabolic machinery to high light conditions through marked increases in its antioxidant capacity associated with enhanced consumption of reducing equivalents. Photorespiration and alternative pathways are suggested to be key players in reductant-consumption under high light conditions. We also demonstrate that both primary and secondary metabolism undergo extensive reprogramming under high light supply, including depression of the levels of intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle that were accompanied by an up-regulation of a range of amino acids, sugars and sugar alcohols, polyamines and flavonoids such as kaempferol and quercetin derivatives. When taken together, the entire dataset is consistent with these metabolic alterations being primarily associated with oxidative stress avoidance rather than representing adjustments in order to facilitate the plants from utilizing the additional light to improve their photosynthetic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel C. V. Martins
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wagner L. Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Max-Planck-Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Takayuki Tohge
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Fábio M. DaMatta
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Biais B, Bénard C, Beauvoit B, Colombié S, Prodhomme D, Ménard G, Bernillon S, Gehl B, Gautier H, Ballias P, Mazat JP, Sweetlove L, Génard M, Gibon Y. Remarkable reproducibility of enzyme activity profiles in tomato fruits grown under contrasting environments provides a roadmap for studies of fruit metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 164:1204-21. [PMID: 24474652 PMCID: PMC3938614 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.231241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To assess the influence of the environment on fruit metabolism, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum 'Moneymaker') plants were grown under contrasting conditions (optimal for commercial, water limited, or shaded production) and locations. Samples were harvested at nine stages of development, and 36 enzyme activities of central metabolism were measured as well as protein, starch, and major metabolites, such as hexoses, sucrose, organic acids, and amino acids. The most remarkable result was the high reproducibility of enzyme activities throughout development, irrespective of conditions or location. Hierarchical clustering of enzyme activities also revealed tight relationships between metabolic pathways and phases of development. Thus, cell division was characterized by high activities of fructokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, indicating ATP production as a priority, whereas cell expansion was characterized by enzymes involved in the lower part of glycolysis, suggesting a metabolic reprogramming to anaplerosis. As expected, enzymes involved in the accumulation of sugars, citrate, and glutamate were strongly increased during ripening. However, a group of enzymes involved in ATP production, which is probably fueled by starch degradation, was also increased. Metabolites levels seemed more sensitive than enzymes to the environment, although such differences tended to decrease at ripening. The integration of enzyme and metabolite data obtained under contrasting growth conditions using principal component analysis suggests that, with the exceptions of alanine amino transferase and glutamate and malate dehydrogenase and malate, there are no links between single enzyme activities and metabolite time courses or levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Biais
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Camille Bénard
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Sophie Colombié
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Duyên Prodhomme
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Guillaume Ménard
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Stéphane Bernillon
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Bernadette Gehl
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Hélène Gautier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Patricia Ballias
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Mazat
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Lee Sweetlove
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
| | - Michel Génard
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F–33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- University of Bordeaux, Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, F–33076 Bordeaux cedex, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., J.-P.M., Y.G.)
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Bordeaux, F–33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France (B.Bi., C.B., B.Be., S.C., D.P., G.M., S.B., P.B., Y.G.)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F–84914 Avignon cedex 9, France (C.B., H.G., M.G.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom (B.G., L.S.)
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Stitt M. Pyrophosphate as an Energy Donor in the Cytosol of Plant Cells: an Enigmatic Alternative to ATP. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1998.tb00692.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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LüTTGE ULRICH, RATAJCZAK RAFAEL, RAUSCH THOMAS, ROCKEL BEATE. Stress responses of tonoplast proteins: an example for molecular ecophysiology and the search for eco-enzymes*,†. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1995.tb00792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xie Y, Chen S, Yan Y, Zhang Z, Li D, Yu H, Wang C, Nong X, Zhou X, Gu X, Wang S, Peng X, Yang G. Potential of recombinant inorganic pyrophosphatase antigen as a new vaccine candidate against Baylisascaris schroederi in mice. Vet Res 2013; 44:90. [PMID: 24090087 PMCID: PMC3851530 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-44-90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal nematode Baylisascaris schroederi is an important cause of death for wild and captive giant pandas. Inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) are critical for development and molting in nematode parasites and represent potential targets for vaccination. Here, a new PPase homologue, Bsc-PYP-1, from B. schroederi was identified and characterized, and its potential as a vaccine candidate was evaluated in a mouse challenge model. Sequence alignment of PPases from nematode parasites and other organisms show that Bsc-PYP-1 is a nematode-specific member of the family I soluble PPases. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong localization of native Bsc-PYP-1 to the body wall, gut epithelium, ovary and uterus of adult female worms. Additionally, Bsc-PYP-1 homologues were found in roundworms infecting humans (Ascaris lumbricoides), swine (Ascaris suum) and dogs (Toxocara canis). In two vaccine trials, recombinant Bsc-PYP-1 (rBsc-PYP-1) formulated with Freund complete adjuvant induced significantly high antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G but no IgE or IgM responses. Analysis of IgG-subclass profiles revealed a greater increase of IgG1 than IgG2a. Splenocytes from rBsc-PYP-1/FCA-immunized mice secreted low levels of T helper (Th)1-type cytokines, interferon-γ and interleukin (IL)-2, while producing significantly high levels of IL-10 and significantly elevated levels of IL-4 (Th2 cytokines) after stimulation with rBsc-PYP-1 in vitro. Finally, vaccinated mice had 69.02–71.15% reductions (in 2 experiments) in larval recovery 7 days post-challenge (dpc) and 80% survival at 80 dpc. These results suggest that Th2-mediated immunity elicited by rBsc-PYP-1 provides protection against B. schroederi, and the findings should contribute to further development of Bsc-PYP-1 as a candidate vaccine against baylisascariasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xie
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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Khandakar J, Haraguchi I, Yamaguchi K, Kitamura Y. A small-scale proteomic approach reveals a survival strategy, including a reduction in alkaloid biosynthesis, in Hyoscyamus albus roots subjected to iron deficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:331. [PMID: 24009619 PMCID: PMC3755260 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Hyoscyamus albus is a well-known source of the tropane alkaloids, hyoscyamine and scopolamine, which are biosynthesized in the roots. To assess the major biochemical adaptations that occur in the roots of this plant in response to iron deficiency, we used a small-scale proteomic approach in which 100 mg of root tips were treated with and without Fe, respectively, for 5 days. Two-dimensional mini gels showed that 48 spots were differentially accumulated between the two conditions of Fe availability and a further 36 proteins were identified from these spots using MALDI-QIT-TOF mass spectrometry. The proteins that showed elevated levels in the roots lacking Fe were found to be associated variously with carbohydrate metabolism, cell differentiation, secondary metabolism, and oxidative defense. Most of the proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism were increased in abundance, but mitochondrial NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase was decreased, possibly resulting in malate secretion. Otherwise, all the proteins showing diminished levels in the roots were identified as either Fe-containing or ATP-requiring. For example, a significant decrease was observed in the levels of hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H), which requires Fe and is involved in the conversion of hyoscyamine to scopolamine. To investigate the effects of Fe deficiency on alkaloid biosynthesis, gene expression studies were undertaken both for H6H and for another Fe-dependent protein, Cyp80F1, which is involved in the final stage of hyoscyamine biosynthesis. In addition, tropane alkaloid contents were determined. Reduced gene expression was observed in the case of both of these proteins and was accompanied by a decrease in the content of both hyoscyamine and scopolamine. Finally, we have discussed energetic and Fe-conservation strategies that might be adopted by the roots of H. albus to maintain iron homeostasis under Fe-limiting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izumi Haraguchi
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki, Japan
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshie Kitamura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki, Japan
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Nägele T, Heyer AG. Approximating subcellular organisation of carbohydrate metabolism during cold acclimation in different natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2013; 198:777-787. [PMID: 23488986 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana originating from climatically different habitats show different levels of cold acclimation when exposed to low temperatures. The central carbohydrate metabolism plays a crucial role during this acclimation. Subcellular distribution of carbohydrates over the compartments cytosol, vacuole and plastids, and putative interactions of the compartments, are analyzed in three differentially cold-tolerant accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana, originating from the Iberian Peninsula (C24), Russia (Rschew) and Scandinavia (Tenela), respectively. Subcellular carbohydrate concentrations were determined by applying the nonaqueous fractionation technique. Mathematical modeling and steady-state simulation was used to analyse the metabolic homeostasis during cold exposure. In all accessions, the initial response to cold exposure was a significant increase of plastidial and cytosolic sucrose concentrations. Raffinose accumulated in all cellular compartments of cold-tolerant accessions with a delay of 3 d, indicating that raffinose accumulation is a long-term component of cold acclimation. Minimal rates of metabolite transport permitting steady-state simulations of metabolite concentrations correlated with cold tolerance, indicating an important role of subcellular re-distribution of metabolites during cold acclimation. A highly regulated interplay of enzymatic reactions and intracellular transport processes appears to be a prerequisite for maintaining carbohydrate homeostasis during cold exposure and allowing cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nägele
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Arnd G Heyer
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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Dai ZW, Léon C, Feil R, Lunn JE, Delrot S, Gomès E. Metabolic profiling reveals coordinated switches in primary carbohydrate metabolism in grape berry (Vitis vinifera L.), a non-climacteric fleshy fruit. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:1345-55. [PMID: 23364938 PMCID: PMC3598422 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Changes in carbohydrate metabolism during grape berry development play a central role in shaping the final composition of the fruit. The present work aimed to identify metabolic switches during grape development and to provide insights into the timing of developmental regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Metabolites from central carbon metabolism were measured using high-pressure anion-exchange chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and enzymatic assays during the development of grape berries from either field-grown vines or fruiting cuttings grown in the greenhouse. Principal component analysis readily discriminated the various stages of berry development, with similar trajectories for field-grown and greenhouse samples. This showed that each stage of fruit development had a characteristic metabolic profile and provided compelling evidence that the fruit-bearing cuttings are a useful model system to investigate regulation of central carbon metabolism in grape berry. The metabolites measured showed tight coordination within their respective pathways, clustering into sugars and sugar-phosphate metabolism, glycolysis, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In addition, there was a pronounced shift in metabolism around veraison, characterized by rapidly increasing sugar levels and decreasing organic acids. In contrast, glycolytic intermediates and sugar phosphates declined before veraison but remained fairly stable post-veraison. In summary, these detailed and comprehensive metabolite analyses revealed the timing of important switches in primary carbohydrate metabolism, which could be related to transcriptional and developmental changes within the berry to achieve an integrated understanding of grape berry development. The results are discussed in a meta-analysis comparing metabolic changes in climacteric versus non-climacteric fleshy fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wu Dai
- INRA, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Céline Léon
- INRA, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Present address: INSERM U1029, laboratoire LAMC, Univ. Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, Bâtiment B2, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - John E. Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Serge Delrot
- INRA, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Eric Gomès
- INRA, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Osorio S, Nunes-Nesi A, Stratmann M, Fernie AR. Pyrophosphate levels strongly influence ascorbate and starch content in tomato fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:308. [PMID: 23950759 PMCID: PMC3738876 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C) deficiency leads to low immunity, scurvy, and other human diseases and is therefore a global health problem. Given that plants are major ascorbate sources for humans, biofortification of this vitamin in our foodstuffs is of considerable importance. Ascorbate is synthetized by a number of alternative pathways: (i) from the glycolytic intermediates D-glucose-6P (the key intermediates are GDP-D-mannose and L-galactose), (ii) from the breakdown of the cell wall polymer pectin which uses the methyl ester of D-galacturonic acid as precursor, and (iii) from myo-inositol as precursor via myo-inositol oxygenase. We report here the engineering of fruit-specific overexpression of a bacterial pyrophosphatase, which hydrolyzes the inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) to orthophosphate (Pi). This strategy resulted in increased vitamin C levels up to 2.5-fold in ripe fruit as well as increasing in the major sugars, sucrose, and glucose, yet decreasing the level of starch. When considered together, these finding indicate an intimate linkage between ascorbate and sugar biosynthesis in plants. Moreover, the combined data reveal the importance of PPi metabolism in tomato fruit metabolism and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Osorio
- *Correspondence: Sonia Osorio, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Edificio I + D, 3ra Planta, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain e-mail:
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Jonik C, Sonnewald U, Hajirezaei MR, Flügge UI, Ludewig F. Simultaneous boosting of source and sink capacities doubles tuber starch yield of potato plants. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2012; 10:1088-98. [PMID: 22931170 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2012.00736.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
An important goal in biotechnological research is to improve the yield of crop plants. Here, we genetically modified simultaneously source and sink capacities in potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Desirée) plants to improve starch yield. Source capacity was increased by mesophyll-specific overexpression of a pyrophosphatase or, alternatively, by antisense expression of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in leaves. Both approaches make use of re-routing photoassimilates to sink organs at the expense of leaf starch accumulation. Simultaneous increase in sink capacity was accomplished by overexpression of two plastidic metabolite translocators, that is, a glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator and an adenylate translocator in tubers. Employing such a 'pull' approach, we have previously shown that potato starch content and yield can be increased when sink strength is elevated. In the current biotechnological approach, we successfully enhanced source and sink capacities by a combination of 'pull' and 'push' approaches using two different attempts. A doubling in tuber starch yield was achieved. This successful approach might be transferable to other crop plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Jonik
- Cologne Biocenter, Botanical Institute II, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Vandesteene L, López-Galvis L, Vanneste K, Feil R, Maere S, Lammens W, Rolland F, Lunn JE, Avonce N, Beeckman T, Van Dijck P. Expansive evolution of the trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase gene family in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 160:884-96. [PMID: 22855938 PMCID: PMC3461562 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.201400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose is a nonreducing sugar used as a reserve carbohydrate and stress protectant in a variety of organisms. While higher plants typically do not accumulate high levels of trehalose, they encode large families of putative trehalose biosynthesis genes. Trehalose biosynthesis in plants involves a two-step reaction in which trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) is synthesized from UDP-glucose and glucose-6-phosphate (catalyzed by T6P synthase [TPS]), and subsequently dephosphorylated to produce the disaccharide trehalose (catalyzed by T6P phosphatase [TPP]). In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), 11 genes encode proteins with both TPS- and TPP-like domains but only one of these (AtTPS1) appears to be an active (TPS) enzyme. In addition, plants contain a large family of smaller proteins with a conserved TPP domain. Here, we present an in-depth analysis of the 10 TPP genes and gene products in Arabidopsis (TPPA-TPPJ). Collinearity analysis revealed that all of these genes originate from whole-genome duplication events. Heterologous expression in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) showed that all encode active TPP enzymes with an essential role for some conserved residues in the catalytic domain. These results suggest that the TPP genes function in the regulation of T6P levels, with T6P emerging as a novel key regulator of growth and development in higher plants. Extensive gene expression analyses using a complete set of promoter-β-glucuronidase/green fluorescent protein reporter lines further uncovered cell- and tissue-specific expression patterns, conferring spatiotemporal control of trehalose metabolism. Consistently, phenotypic characterization of knockdown and overexpression lines of a single TPP, AtTPPG, points to unique properties of individual TPPs in Arabidopsis, and underlines the intimate connection between trehalose metabolism and abscisic acid signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin Vanneste
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology (W.L.), and Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology-Plant Metabolic Signaling (F.R.), Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, B–3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany (R.F., J.E.L.)
| | - Regina Feil
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology (W.L.), and Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology-Plant Metabolic Signaling (F.R.), Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, B–3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany (R.F., J.E.L.)
| | - Steven Maere
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology (W.L.), and Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology-Plant Metabolic Signaling (F.R.), Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, B–3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany (R.F., J.E.L.)
| | - Willem Lammens
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology (W.L.), and Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology-Plant Metabolic Signaling (F.R.), Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, B–3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany (R.F., J.E.L.)
| | - Filip Rolland
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology (W.L.), and Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology-Plant Metabolic Signaling (F.R.), Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, B–3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany (R.F., J.E.L.)
| | - John E. Lunn
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology (W.L.), and Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology-Plant Metabolic Signaling (F.R.), Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, B–3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany (R.F., J.E.L.)
| | - Nelson Avonce
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology (W.L.), and Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology-Plant Metabolic Signaling (F.R.), Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, B–3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany (R.F., J.E.L.)
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology (W.L.), and Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology-Plant Metabolic Signaling (F.R.), Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, B–3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany (R.F., J.E.L.)
| | - Patrick Van Dijck
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology (L.V., L.L.-G., N.A., P.V.D.), Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology (W.L.), and Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology-Plant Metabolic Signaling (F.R.), Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, B–3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (L.L.-G., K.V., S.M., T.B.); Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany (R.F., J.E.L.)
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Nägele T, Stutz S, Hörmiller II, Heyer AG. Identification of a metabolic bottleneck for cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 72:102-14. [PMID: 22640594 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2012.05064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Central carbohydrate metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana is known to play a crucial role during cold acclimation and the acquisition of freezing tolerance. During cold exposure, many carbohydrates accumulate and a new metabolic homeostasis evolves. In the present study, we analyse the diurnal dynamics of carbohydrate homeostasis before and after cold exposure in three natural accessions showing distinct cold acclimation capacity. Diurnal dynamics of soluble carbohydrates were found to be significantly different in cold-sensitive and cold-tolerant accessions. Although experimentally determined maximum turnover rates for sucrose phosphate synthase in cold-acclimated leaves were higher for cold-tolerant accessions, model simulations of diurnal carbohydrate dynamics revealed similar fluxes. This implied a significantly higher capacity for sucrose synthesis in cold-tolerant than cold-sensitive accessions. Based on this implication resulting from mathematical model simulation, a critical temperature for sucrose synthesis was calculated using the Arrhenius equation and experimentally validated in the cold-sensitive accession C24. At the critical temperature suggested by model simulation, an imbalance in photosynthetic carbon fixation ultimately resulting in oxidative stress was observed. It is therefore concluded that metabolic capacities at least in part determine the ability of accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana to cope with changes in environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nägele
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Zhu Q, Dugardeyn J, Zhang C, Takenaka M, Kühn K, Craddock C, Smalle J, Karampelias M, Denecke J, Peters J, Gerats T, Brennicke A, Eastmond P, Meyer EH, Van Der Straeten D. SLO2, a mitochondrial pentatricopeptide repeat protein affecting several RNA editing sites, is required for energy metabolism. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 71:836-49. [PMID: 22540321 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2012.05036.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins belong to a family of approximately 450 members in Arabidopsis, of which few have been characterized. We identified loss of function alleles of SLO2, defective in a PPR protein belonging to the E+ subclass of the P-L-S subfamily. slo2 mutants are characterized by retarded leaf emergence, restricted root growth, and late flowering. This phenotype is enhanced in the absence of sucrose, suggesting a defect in energy metabolism. The slo2 growth retardation phenotypes are largely suppressed by supplying sugars or increasing light dosage or the concentration of CO₂. The SLO2 protein is localized in mitochondria. We identified four RNA editing defects and reduced editing at three sites in slo2 mutants. The resulting amino acid changes occur in four mitochondrial proteins belonging to complex I of the electron transport chain. Both the abundance and activity of complex I are highly reduced in the slo2 mutants, as well as the abundance of complexes III and IV. Moreover, ATP, NAD+, and sugar contents were much lower in the mutants. In contrast, the abundance of alternative oxidase was significantly enhanced. We propose that SLO2 is required for carbon energy balance in Arabidopsis by maintaining the abundance and/or activity of complexes I, III, and IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Physiology, Ghent University, K L Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Meyer K, Stecca KL, Ewell-Hicks K, Allen SM, Everard JD. Oil and protein accumulation in developing seeds is influenced by the expression of a cytosolic pyrophosphatase in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 159:1221-34. [PMID: 22566496 PMCID: PMC3387706 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.198309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This study describes a dominant low-seed-oil mutant (lo15571) of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) generated by enhancer tagging. Compositional analysis of developing siliques and mature seeds indicated reduced conversion of photoassimilates to oil. Immunoblot analysis revealed increased levels of At1g01050 protein in developing siliques of lo15571. At1g01050 encodes a soluble, cytosolic pyrophosphatase and is one of five closely related genes that share predicted cytosolic localization and at least 70% amino acid sequence identity. Expression of At1g01050 using a seed-preferred promoter recreated most features of the lo15571 seed phenotype, including low seed oil content and increased levels of transient starch and soluble sugars in developing siliques. Seed-preferred RNA interference-mediated silencing of At1g01050 and At3g53620, a second cytosolic pyrophosphatase gene that shows expression during seed filling, led to a heritable oil increase of 1% to 4%, mostly at the expense of seed storage protein. These results are consistent with a scenario in which the rate of mobilization of sucrose, for precursor supply of seed storage lipid biosynthesis by cytosolic glycolysis, is strongly influenced by the expression of endogenous pyrophosphatase enzymes. This emphasizes the central role of pyrophosphate-dependent reactions supporting cytosolic glycolysis during seed maturation when ATP supply is low, presumably due to hypoxic conditions. This route is the major route providing precursors for seed oil biosynthesis. ATP-dependent reactions at the entry point of glycolysis in the cytosol or plastid cannot fully compensate for the loss of oil content observed in transgenic events with increased expression of cytosolic pyrophosphatase enzyme in the cytosol. These findings shed new light on the dynamic properties of cytosolic pyrophosphate pools in developing seed and their influence on carbon partitioning during seed filling. Finally, our work uniquely demonstrates that genes encoding cytosolic pyrophosphatase enzymes provide novel targets to improve seed composition for plant biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knut Meyer
- A DuPont Company, Agricultural Biotechnology, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, USA.
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Antunes WC, Provart NJ, Williams TCR, Loureiro ME. Changes in stomatal function and water use efficiency in potato plants with altered sucrolytic activity. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2012; 35:747-59. [PMID: 21999376 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02448.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
As water availability for agriculture decreases, breeding or engineering of crops with improved water use efficiency (WUE) will be necessary. As stomata are responsible for controlling gas exchange across the plant epidermis, metabolic processes influencing solute accumulation in guard cells are potential targets for engineering. In addition to its role as an osmoticum, sucrose breakdown may be required for synthesis of other osmotica or generation of the ATP needed for solute uptake. Thus, alterations in partitioning of sucrose between storage and breakdown may affect stomatal function. In agreement with this hypothesis, potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants expressing an antisense construct targeted against sucrose synthase 3 (SuSy3) exhibited decreased stomatal conductance, a slight reduction in CO(2) fixation and increased WUE. Conversely, plants with increased guard cell acid invertase activity caused by the introduction of the SUC2 gene from yeast had increased stomatal conductance, increased CO(2) fixation and decreased WUE. (14)CO(2) feeding experiments indicated that these effects cannot be attributed to alterations in photosynthetic capacity, and most likely reflect alterations in stomatal function. These results highlight the important role that sucrose breakdown may play in guard cell function and indicate the feasibility of manipulating plant WUE through engineering of guard cell sucrose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Guo X, Ronhovde K, Yuan L, Yao B, Soundararajan MP, Elthon T, Zhang C, Holding DR. Pyrophosphate-dependent fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase induction and attenuation of Hsp gene expression during endosperm modification in quality protein maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 158:917-29. [PMID: 22158678 PMCID: PMC3271778 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.191163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Quality Protein Maize (QPM) is a hard-endosperm version of the high-lysine opaque2 (o2) maize (Zea mays) mutant, but the genes involved in modification of the soft o2 endosperm are largely unknown. Pyrophosphate-dependent fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) catalyzes the ATP-independent conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in glycolysis. We found a large increase in transcript and protein levels of the α-regulatory subunit of PFP (PFPα) in QPM endosperm. In vitro enzyme assays showed a significant increase in forward PFP activity in developing endosperm extracts of QPM relative to the wild type and o2. An expressed retrogene version of PFPα of unknown function that was not up-regulated in QPM was also identified. The elevated expression levels of a number of ATP-requiring heat shock proteins (Hsps) in o2 endosperm are ameliorated in QPM. PFPα is also coinduced with Hsps in maize roots in response to heat, cold, and the unfolded protein response stresses. We propose that reduced ATP availability resulting from the generalized Hsp response in addition to the reduction of pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase activity in o2 endosperm is compensated in part by increased PFP activity in QPM.
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Zuther E, Hoermiller II, Heyer AG. Evidence against sink limitation by the sucrose-to-starch route in potato plants expressing fructosyltransferases. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2011; 143:115-125. [PMID: 21679192 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2011.01495.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To investigate whether the route from sucrose to starch limits sink strength of potato tubers, we established an additional storage carbohydrate pool and analyzed allocation of imported assimilates to the different pools. Tuber specific expression of the fructan biosynthetic enzymes of globe artichoke resulted in accumulation of fructans to about 5% of the starch level, but did not increase tuber dry weight per plant. While partial repression of starch synthesis caused yield reduction in wild-type plants, it stimulated fructan accumulation, and yield losses were ameliorated in tubers expressing fructosyltransferases. However, a nearly complete block of the starch pathway by inhibition of sucrose synthase could not be compensated by the fructan pathway. Although fructan concentrations rose, yield reduction was even enhanced, probably because of a futile cycle of fructan synthesis and degradation by invertase, which is induced when sucrose synthase is knocked out. The data do not support a limitation of sink strength by enzyme activities of the starch pathway but point to an energy limitation of storage carbohydrate formation in potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Zuther
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, D-14424 Potsdam, Germany
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Knaupp M, Mishra KB, Nedbal L, Heyer AG. Evidence for a role of raffinose in stabilizing photosystem II during freeze-thaw cycles. PLANTA 2011; 234:477-86. [PMID: 21533754 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-011-1413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A role of non-reducing sugars like sucrose and raffinose in the protection of plant cells against damage during freezing has been proposed for many species, but reports on physiological effects are conflicting. Non-aqueous fractionation of mesophyll cell compartments in Arabidopsis thaliana was used to show that sucrose and raffinose accumulate in plastids during low temperatures, pointing to a physiological role in protecting the photosynthetic apparatus. Comparing a previously described raffinose synthase (RS) mutant of A. thaliana with its corresponding wild type, accession Col-0, revealed that a lack of raffinose has no effect on electrolyte leakage from leaf cells after freeze-thaw cycles, supporting that raffinose is not essential for protecting the plasma membrane. However, in situ chlorophyll fluorescence showed that maximum quantum yield of PS II photochemistry (F (v)/F (m)) and other fluorescence parameters of cold acclimated leaves subjected to freeze-thaw cycles were significantly lower in the raffinose synthase mutant than in the corresponding wild type, indicating that raffinose is involved in stabilizing PS II of cold acclimated leaf cells against damage during freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Knaupp
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
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Hädrich N, Gibon Y, Schudoma C, Altmann T, Lunn JE, Stitt M. Use of TILLING and robotised enzyme assays to generate an allelic series of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with altered ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 168:1395-405. [PMID: 21345514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2011.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) catalyses the synthesis of ADP-glucose, and is a highly regulated enzyme in the pathway of starch synthesis. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the enzyme is a heterotetramer, containing two small subunits encoded by the APS1 gene and two large subunits encoded by the APL1-4 genes. TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) of a chemically mutagenised population of A. thaliana plants identified 33 novel mutations in the APS1 gene, including 21 missense mutations in the protein coding region. High throughput measurements using a robotised cycling assay showed that maximal AGPase activity in the aps1 mutants varied from <15 to 117% of wild type (WT), and that the kinetic properties of the enzyme were altered in several lines, indicating a role for the substituted amino acid residues in catalysis or substrate binding. These results validate the concept of using such a platform for efficient high-throughput screening of very large populations of mutants, natural accessions or introgression lines. AGPase was estimated to have a flux control coefficient of 0.20, indicating that the enzyme exerted only modest control over the rate of starch synthesis in plants grown under short day conditions (8 h light/16 h dark) with an irradiance of 150 μmol quanta m(-2)s(-1). Redox activation of the enzyme, via reduction of the intermolecular disulphide bridge between the two small subunits, was increased in several lines. This was sometimes, but not always, associated with a decrease in the abundance of the APS1 protein. In conclusion, the TILLING technique was used to generate an allelic series of aps1 mutants in A. thaliana that revealed new insights into the multi-layered regulation of AGPase. These mutants offer some advantages over the available loss-of-function mutants, e.g. adg1, for investigating the effects of subtle changes in the enzyme's activity on the rate of starch synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Hädrich
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Chen M, Thelen JJ. Plastid uridine salvage activity is required for photoassimilate allocation and partitioning in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2011; 23:2991-3006. [PMID: 21828290 PMCID: PMC3180806 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.111.085829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotides are synthesized from de novo and salvage pathways. To characterize the uridine salvage pathway, two genes, UKL1 and UKL2, that tentatively encode uridine kinase (UK) and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT) bifunctional enzymes were studied in Arabidopsis thaliana. T-DNA insertions in UKL1 and UKL2 reduced transcript expression and increased plant tolerance to toxic analogs 5-fluorouridine and 5-fluorouracil. Enzyme activity assays using purified recombinant proteins indicated that UKL1 and UKL2 have UK but not UPRT activity. Subcellular localization using a C-terminal enhanced yellow fluorescent protein fusion indicated that UKL1 and UKL2 localize to plastids. The ukl2 mutant shows reduced transient leaf starch during the day. External application of orotate rescued this phenotype in ukl2, indicating pyrimidine pools are limiting for starch synthesis in ukl2. Intermediates for lignin synthesis were upregulated, and there was increased lignin and reduced cellulose content in the ukl2 mutant. Levels of ATP, ADP, ADP-glucose, UTP, UDP, and UDP-glucose were altered in a light-dependent manner. Seed composition of the ukl1 and ukl2 mutants included lower oil and higher protein compared with the wild type. Unlike single gene mutants, the ukl1 ukl2 double mutant has severe developmental defects and reduced biomass accumulation, indicating these enzymes catalyze redundant reactions. These findings point to crucial roles played by uridine salvage for photoassimilate allocation and partitioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Chen
- Division of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
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Flügge UI, Häusler RE, Ludewig F, Gierth M. The role of transporters in supplying energy to plant plastids. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:2381-92. [PMID: 21511915 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erq361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The energy status of plant cells strongly depends on the energy metabolism in chloroplasts and mitochondria, which are capable of generating ATP either by photosynthetic or oxidative phosphorylation, respectively. Another energy-rich metabolite inside plastids is the glycolytic intermediate phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). However, chloroplasts and most non-green plastids lack the ability to generate PEP via a complete glycolytic pathway. Hence, PEP import mediated by the plastidic PEP/phosphate translocator or PEP provided by the plastidic enolase are vital for plant growth and development. In contrast to chloroplasts, metabolism in non-green plastids (amyloplasts) of starch-storing tissues strongly depends on both the import of ATP mediated by the plastidic nucleotide transporter NTT and of carbon (glucose 6-phosphate, Glc6P) mediated by the plastidic Glc6P/phosphate translocator (GPT). Both transporters have been shown to co-limit starch biosynthesis in potato plants. In addition, non-photosynthetic plastids as well as chloroplasts during the night rely on the import of energy in the form of ATP via the NTT. During energy starvation such as prolonged darkness, chloroplasts strongly depend on the supply of ATP which can be provided by lipid respiration, a process involving chloroplasts, peroxisomes, and mitochondria and the transport of intermediates, i.e. fatty acids, ATP, citrate, and oxaloacetate across their membranes. The role of transporters involved in the provision of energy-rich metabolites and in pathways supplying plastids with metabolic energy is summarized here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf-Ingo Flügge
- Botanical Institute, Biocenter Cologne, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
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Mulas G, Galaffu MG, Pretti L, Nieddu G, Mercenaro L, Tonelli R, Anedda R. NMR analysis of seven selections of vermentino grape berry: metabolites composition and development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:793-802. [PMID: 21226517 DOI: 10.1021/jf103285f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this work was to study via NMR the unaltered metabolic profile of Sardinian Vermentino grape berry. Seven selections of Vermentino were harvested from the same vineyard. Berries were stored and extracted following an unbiased extraction protocol. Extracts were analyzed to investigate variability in metabolites concentration as a function of the clone, the position of berries in the bunch or growing area within the vineyard. Quantitative NMR and statistical analysis (PCA, correlation analysis, Anova) of the experimental data point out that, among the investigated sources of variation, the position of the berries within the bunch mainly influences the metabolic profile of berries, while the metabolic profile does not seem to be significantly influenced by growing area and clone. Significant variability of the amino acids such as arginine, proline, and organic acids (malic and citric) characterizes the rapid rearrangements of the metabolic profile in response to environmental stimuli. Finally, an application is described on the analysis of metabolite variation throughout the physiological development of berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Mulas
- Porto Conte Ricerche Srl, S.P. 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia, 07041 Tramariglio-Alghero (SS), Italy
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Iftime D, Hannah MA, Peterbauer T, Heyer AG. Stachyose in the cytosol does not influence freezing tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis expressing stachyose synthase from adzuki bean. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 180:24-30. [PMID: 21421343 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We expressed the stachyose synthase from adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) in Arabidopsis thaliana, under the control of the constitutive CaMV 35S promoter. Transgenic lines had only trace amounts of stachyose under normal growth conditions but accumulated stachyose to similar levels as raffinose upon cold acclimation. Stachyose production did not alter the freezing tolerance of cold acclimated rosette leaves. Non-aqueous fractionation of sub-cellular compartments revealed that in cold acclimated plants, raffinose but not stachyose accumulated to a proportion higher than the compartment size fraction in the plastids. Since both oligosaccharides are synthesized in the cytosol, this provides evidence that the so far unknown raffinose transporter of the Arabidopsis chloroplast envelope does not efficiently transport stachyose. The failure of stachyose to influence freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis supports the hypothesis that raffinose family oligosaccharides might function in protecting the thylakoid but not the plasma membrane during freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dumitrita Iftime
- Biologisches Institut, Abteilung Botanik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
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