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Vijayakumar R, Raja SSS, Muthukumar C, Karuppiah P, Panneerselvam A, Rajabathar JR, Thajuddin N, Ayyamperumal R. Production, optimization and characterization of partially purified anti-mycotic compound from marine soil derived streptomycetes originating at unexplored region of Bay of Bengal, India. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118698. [PMID: 38518906 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Sixty-eight morphologically distinct isolates of marine actinomycetes were derived from seashore, mangrove, and saltpan ecosystems located between the Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar region, Bay of Bengal, Tamilnadu. Twenty-five (36.8%) isolates exhibited anti-mycotic activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans in preliminary screening, and 4 isolates with prominent activity were identified and designated at the genus level as Streptomyces sp. VPTS3-I, Streptomyces sp. VPTS3-2, Streptomyces sp. VPTSA1-4 and Streptomyces sp. VPTSA1-8. All the potential antagonistic isolates were further characterized with phenotypic and genotypic properties including 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identified species level as Streptomyces afghaniensis VPTS3-1, S. matensis VPTS3-2, S. tuirus VPTSA1-4 and S. griseus VPTSA1-8. In addition, the active fractions from the potential antagonistic streptomycetes were extracted with organic solvents by shake flask culture method and the anti-mycotic efficacies were evaluated. The optimization parameters for the production of the anti-mycotic compound were found to be pH between 7 and 8, the temperature at 30ᵒC, the salinity of 2%, incubation of 9 days, and starch and KNO3 as the suitable carbon and nitrogen sources respectively in starch casein medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Vijayakumar
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Suresh S S Raja
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chinnasamy Muthukumar
- Department of Botany, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620 001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponmurugan Karuppiah
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Post Box: 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Annamalai Panneerselvam
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany and Microbiology, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, 613 503, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jothi Ramalingam Rajabathar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Post Box: 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nooruddin Thajuddin
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, India; Crescent Global Outreach Mission, B S Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Vandalur, Chennai - 600 048, India
| | - Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal
- College of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
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Concato-Lopes VM, Silva TF, Detoni MB, Cruz EMS, Gonçalves MD, da Silva Bortoleti BT, Tomiotto-Pellissier F, Carloto ACM, Madureira MB, Rodrigues ACJ, Schirmann JG, Barbosa-Dekker AM, Dekker RFH, Conchon-Costa I, Panis C, Lazarin-Bidóia D, Miranda-Sapla MM, Mantovani MS, Pavanelli WR. 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethoxybiphenyl-4,4'diol triggers oxidative stress, metabolic changes, and apoptosis-like process by reducing the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway in the NCI-H460 lung cancer cell line. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115979. [PMID: 38061138 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in men and women worldwide. Current treatments have limited efficacy, cause significant side effects, and cells can develop drug resistance. New therapeutic strategies are needed to discover alternative anticancer agents with high efficacy and low-toxicity. TMBP, a biphenyl obtained by laccase-biotransformation of 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, possesses antitumor activity against A549 adenocarcinoma cells. Without causing damage to sheep erythrocytes and mouse peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice. In addition to being classified as a good oral drug according to in-silico studies. This study evaluated the in-vitro cytotoxic effect of TMBP on lung-cancer cell-line NCI-H460 and reports mechanisms on immunomodulation and cell death. TMBP treatment (12.5-200 μM) inhibited cell proliferation at 24, 48, and 72 h. After 24-h treatment, TMBP at IC50 (154 μM) induced various morphological and ultrastructural changes in NCI-H460, reduced migration and immunofluorescence staining of N-cadherin and β-catenin, induced increased reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide with reduced superoxide radical-anion, increased superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione reductase. Treatment also caused metabolic stress, reduced glucose-uptake, intracellular lactate dehydrogenase and lactate levels, mitochondrial depolarization, increased lipid droplets, and autophagic vacuoles. TMBP induced cell-cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, death by apoptosis, increased caspase-3/7, and reduced STAT-3 immunofluorescence staining. The anticancer effect was accompanied by decreasing PI3K, AKT, ARG-1, and NF-κB levels, and increasing iNOS. These results suggest its potential as a candidate for use in future lung anticancer drug design studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Marcia Concato-Lopes
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Taylon Felipe Silva
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariana Barbosa Detoni
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ellen Mayara Souza Cruz
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Manoela Daiele Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Biotransformation and Phytochemical, Department of Chemistry, Center of Exact Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC), Fiocruz, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC), Fiocruz, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Medical Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Amanda Cristina Machado Carloto
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz Madureira
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Jacob Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC), Fiocruz, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jéseka Gabriela Schirmann
- Laboratory Research of Bioactive Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Center of Exact Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Aneli M Barbosa-Dekker
- Laboratory Research of Bioactive Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Center of Exact Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Robert F H Dekker
- Federal Technological University of Paraná, Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Campus Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ivete Conchon-Costa
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrao, Brazil
| | - Danielle Lazarin-Bidóia
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Milena Menegazzo Miranda-Sapla
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio Mantovani
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Wander R Pavanelli
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Chen X, Zhang M, Zhou F, Gu Z, Li Y, Yu T, Peng C, Zhou L, Li X, Zhu D, Zhang X, Yu C. SIRT3 Activator Honokiol Inhibits Th17 Cell Differentiation and Alleviates Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:1929-1940. [PMID: 37335900 PMCID: PMC10697418 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honokiol (HKL), a natural extract of the bark of the magnolia tree and an activator of the mitochondrial protein sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), has been proposed to possess anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the inhibitory effects of HKL on T helper (Th) 17 cell differentiation in colitis. METHODS Serum and biopsies from 20 participants with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 18 healthy volunteers were collected for the test of serum cytokines, flow cytometry analysis (FACS), and relative messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of T cell subsets, as well as the expression of SIRT3 and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription/retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear receptor γt (p-STAT3/RORγt) signal pathway in colon tissues. In vitro, naïve clusters of differentiation (CD) 4 + T cells isolated from the mouse spleen differentiated to subsets including Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers were induced to the polarization of Th17 cells. After HKL treatment, changes in T cell subsets, related cytokines, and transcription factors were measured. The dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and interleukin (IL)-10-deficient mice were intraperitoneally injected with HKL. These experiments were conducted to study the effect of HKL on the development, cytokines, and expression of signaling pathway proteins in colitis. RESULTS Patients with UC had higher serum IL-17 and a higher proportion of Th17 differentiation in blood compared with healthy participants; while IL-10 level and the proportion of Treg cells were lower. Higher relative mRNA levels of RORγt and a lower SIRT3 expression in colon tissues were observed. In vitro, HKL had little effect on the differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells to Th1, Th2, or Treg cells, but it downregulated IL-17 levels and the Th17 cell ratio in CD4+ T cells from the mouse spleen and human PBMCs under Th17 polarization. Even with a STAT3 activator, HKL still significantly inhibited IL-17 levels. In DSS-induced colitis mice and IL-10 deficient mice treated with HKL, the length of the colon, weight loss, disease activity index, and histopathological scores were improved, IL-17 and IL-21 levels, and the proportion of Th17 cells were decreased. Sirtuin-3 expression was increased, whereas STAT3 phosphorylation and RORγt expression were inhibited in the colon tissue of mice after HKL treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that HKL could partially protect against colitis by regulating Th17 differentiation through activating SIRT3, leading to inhibition of the STAT3/RORγt signaling pathway. These results provide new insights into the protective effects of HKL against colitis and may facilitate the research of new drugs for inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Zhengrong Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210017, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Lixing Zhou
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics/National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Chenggong Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
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Khan A, Moni SS, Ali M, Mohan S, Jan H, Rasool S, Kamal MA, Alshahrani S, Halawi M, Alhazmi HA. Antifungal Activity of Plant Secondary Metabolites on Candida albicans: An Updated Review. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:15-42. [PMID: 35249516 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220304143332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections have been increasing continuously worldwide, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Fungi, regarded as eukaryotic pathogens, have many similarities to the host cells, which inhibit anti-fungal drug development progress. Various fungal model systems have been studied, and it was concluded that Candida spp. is the most common disease-causing fungus. Candida species are well known to cause infections not only in our mouth, skin, and vagina, but they are also a frequent cause of life-threatening hospital bloodstream infections. The morphological and developmental pathways of Candida have been studied extensively, providing insight into the fungus development. Candida albicans is known to be the most pathogenic species responsible for a variety of infections in humans. Conventional anti-fungal drugs, mainly azoles drugs available in the market, have been used for years developing resistance in C. albicans. Hence, the production of new anti-fungal drugs, which require detailed molecular knowledge of fungal pathogenesis, needs to be encouraged. Therefore, this review targets the new approach of "Green Medicines" or the phytochemicals and their secondary metabolites as a source of novel anti-fungal agents to overcome the drug resistance of C. albicans, their mechanism of action, and their combined effects with the available anti-fungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - M Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Huma Jan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar -190006, J&K, India
| | - Saiema Rasool
- Department of School Education, Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir, Srinagar, 190001 J&K, India
| | - Mohammad A Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589. Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Halawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Transcriptomic analysis shows the antifungal mechanism of honokiol against Aspergillus flavus. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 384:109972. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Qian W, Li X, Liu Q, Lu J, Wang T, Zhang Q. Antifungal and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Paeonol Treatment Against Biofilms Comprising Candida albicans and/or Cryptococcus neoformans. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:884793. [PMID: 35669114 PMCID: PMC9163411 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.884793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal populations are commonly found in natural environments and present enormous health care challenges, due to increased resistance to antifungal agents. Paeonol exhibits antifungal activities; nevertheless, the antifungal and antibiofilm activities of paeonol against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans remain largely unexplored. Here, we aimed to evaluate the antifungal and antibiofilm activities of paeonol against C. albicans and/or C. neoformans (i.e., against mono- or dual-species). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of paeonol for mono-species comprising C. albicans or C. neoformans were 250 μg ml−1, whereas the MIC values of paeonol for dual-species were 500 μg ml−1. Paeonol disrupted cell membrane integrity and increased the influx of gatifloxacin into cells of mono- and dual-species cells, indicating an antifungal mode of action. Moreover, paeonol at 8 times the MIC damaged mono- and dual-species cells within C. albicans and C. neoformans biofilms, as it did planktonic cells. In particular, at 4 and 8 mg ml−1, paeonol efficiently dispersed preformed 48-h biofilms formed by mono- and dual-species cells, respectively. Paeonol inhibited effectively the yeast-to-hyphal-form transition of C. albicans and impaired capsule and melanin production of C. neoformans. The addition of 10 MIC paeonol to the medium did not shorten the lifespan of C. elegans, and 2 MIC paeonol could effectively protect the growth of C. albicans and C. neoformans-infected C. elegans. Furthermore, RNA sequencing was employed to examine the transcript profiling of C. albicans and C. neoformans biofilm cells in response to 1/2 MIC paeonol. RNA sequencing data revealed that paeonol treatment impaired biofilm formation of C. albicans by presumably downregulating the expression level of initial filamentation, adhesion, and growth-related genes, as well as biofilm biosynthesis genes, whereas paeonol inhibited biofilm formation of C. neoformans by presumably upregulating the expression level of ergosterol biosynthesis-related genes. Together, the findings of this study indicate that paeonol can be explored as a candidate antifungal agent for combating serious single and mixed infections caused by C. albicans and C. neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinchen Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiaxing Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Ting Wang, ; Qian Zhang,
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Ting Wang, ; Qian Zhang,
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Kim MY, Han JW, Dang QL, Kim JC, Kim H, Choi GJ. Characterization of Alternaria porri causing onion purple blotch and its antifungal compound magnolol identified from Caryodaphnopsis baviensis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262836. [PMID: 35051224 PMCID: PMC8775252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternaria porri (Ellis) Clf. causes purple blotch disease on Allium plants which results in the reduction of crop yields and quality. In this study, to efficiently find natural antifungal compounds against A. porri, we optimized the culture condition for the spore production of A. porri and the disease development condition for an in vivo antifungal assay. From tested plant materials, the methanol extracts derived from ten plant species belonging to the families Cupressaceae, Fabaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Apocynaceae, Lauraceae, and Melastomataceae were selected as potent antifungal agents against A. porri. In particular, the methanol extract of Caryodaphnopsis baviensis (Lec.) A.-Shaw completely inhibited the growth of A. porri at a concentration of 111 μg/ml. Based on chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses, a neolignan compound magnolol was identified as the antifungal compound of the C. baviensis methanol extract. Magnolol showed a significant inhibitory activity against the spore germination and mycelial growth of A. porri with IC50 values of 4.5 and 5.4 μg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, when magnolol was sprayed onto onion plants at a concentration of 500 μg/ml, it showed more than an 80% disease control efficacy for the purple blotch diseases. In terms of the antifungal mechanism of magnolol, we explored the in vitro inhibitory activity on individual oxidative phosphorylation complexes I–V, and the results showed that magnolol acts as multiple inhibitors of complexes I–V. Taken together, our results provide new insight into the potential of magnolol as an active ingredient with antifungal inhibitory action to control purple blotch on onions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Kim
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Han
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Quang Le Dang
- Research and Development Center of Bioactive Compounds, Vietnam Institute of Industrial Chemistry, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hun Kim
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- * E-mail: (HK); (GJC)
| | - Gyung Ja Choi
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- * E-mail: (HK); (GJC)
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Trifan A, Bostănaru AC, Luca SV, Temml V, Akram M, Herdlinger S, Kulinowski Ł, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Granica S, Czerwińska ME, Kruk A, Greige-Gerges H, Mareș M, Schuster D. Honokiol and Magnolol: Insights into Their Antidermatophytic Effects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2522. [PMID: 34834886 PMCID: PMC8620735 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Dermatophyte infections represent a significant public health concern, with an alarming negative impact caused by unsuccessful therapeutic regimens. Natural products have been highlighted as a promising alternative, due to their long-standing traditional use and increasing scientific recognition. In this study, honokiol and magnolol, the main bioactives from Magnolia spp. bark, were investigated for their antidermatophytic activity. The antifungal screening was performed using dermatophyte standard strains and clinical isolates. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined in accordance with EUCAST-AFST guidelines, with minor modifications. The effects on ergosterol biosynthesis were assessed in Trichophyton rubrum cells by HPLC-DAD. Putative interactions with terbinafine against T. rubrum were evaluated by the checkerboard method. Their impact on cells' viability and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) was shown using an ex vivo human neutrophils model. Honokiol and magnolol were highly active against tested dermatophytes, with MIC and MFC values of 8 and 16 mg/L, respectively. The mechanism of action involved the inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis, with accumulation of squalene in T. rubrum cells. Synergy was assessed for binary mixtures of magnolol with terbinafine (FICI = 0.50), while honokiol-terbinafine combinations displayed only additive effects (FICI = 0.56). In addition, magnolol displayed inhibitory effects towards IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α released from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human neutrophils, while honokiol only decreased IL-1β secretion, compared to the untreated control. Overall, honokiol and magnolol acted as fungicidal agents against dermatophytes, with impairment of ergosterol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Andra-Cristina Bostănaru
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Veronika Temml
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (V.T.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (V.T.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Sonja Herdlinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (V.T.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Łukasz Kulinowski
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (Ł.K.); (K.S.-W.)
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (Ł.K.); (K.S.-W.)
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Microbiota Lab, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (S.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Monika E. Czerwińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kruk
- Microbiota Lab, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (S.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Hélène Greige-Gerges
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Section II, Lebanese University, Jdeidet el-Matn B.P. 90656, Lebanon;
| | - Mihai Mareș
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (V.T.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (D.S.)
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9
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Cui SM, Liang HY, Li T, He KK, Zheng YM, Tang M, Ke CR, Song LY. Interaction of magnolia bark extracts with Staphylococcus aureus DNA and evaluation of the stability of their antibacterial activities. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5215-5224. [PMID: 34351458 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Magnolia bark is an edible traditional Chinese medicine that has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In the present study, interactions between S. aureus DNA and raw magnolia bark (RMB) and ginger mix-fried magnolia bark (GMB) aqueous extracts were determined via spectroscopic methods. Fluorescence spectroscopy and Stern-Volmer constants showed that S. aureus DNA quenched the fluorescence of the extracts by static quenching. UV-Vis spectroscopy and iodide quenching experiments indicated that the interactions between S. aureus DNA and the fluorescent substances might involve groove binding or electrostatic interactions. In 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole competitive assays, the fluorescence intensity at decreased as the extract amount was increased. This indicates that groove binding is responsible for the fluorescence quenching. The antibacterial activity of GMB aqueous extract treated under light, cold, heat and cycling hot-cold conditions decreased by 13.99, 9.31, 10.89 and 14.40%, respectively, whereas that of RMB aqueous extract treated under the same conditions decreased by 8.91, 14.99, 14.99 and 13.70%, respectively. The results indicate that S. aureus DNA quenches the fluorescence of GMB and RMB aqueous extracts by grooving interactions. Additionally, the antibacterial activities of GMB and RMB extracts are sensitive to light and temperature, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Mei Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China
| | - Hai-Yun Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Ke He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Mei Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Chong-Rong Ke
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China
| | - Li-Ya Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
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10
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Yaakoub H, Staerck C, Mina S, Godon C, Fleury M, Bouchara JP, Calenda A. Repurposing of auranofin and honokiol as antifungals against Scedosporium species and the related fungus Lomentospora prolificans. Virulence 2021; 12:1076-1090. [PMID: 33825667 PMCID: PMC8032236 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1909266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The slowing-down de novo drug-discovery emphasized the importance of repurposing old drugs. This is particularly true when combating infections caused by therapy-refractory microorganisms, such as Scedosporium species and Lomentospora prolificans. Recent studies on Scedosporium responses to oxidative stress underscored the importance of targeting the underlying mechanisms. Auranofin, ebselen, PX-12, honokiol, and to a lesser extent, conoidin A are known to disturb redox-homeostasis systems in many organisms. Their antifungal activity was assessed against 27 isolates belonging to the major Scedosporium species: S. apiospermum, S. aurantiacum, S. boydii, S. dehoogii, S. minutisporum, and Lomentospora prolificans. Auranofin and honokiol were the most active against all Scedosporium species (mean MIC50 values of 2.875 and 6.143 μg/ml, respectively) and against L. prolificans isolates (mean MIC50 values of 4.0 and 3.563μg/ml respectively). Combinations of auranofin with voriconazole or honokiol revealed additive effects against 9/27 and 18/27 isolates, respectively. Synergistic interaction between auranofin and honokiol was only found against one isolate of L. prolificans. The effects of auranofin upon exposure to oxidative stress were also investigated. For all species except S. dehoogii, the maximal growth in the presence of auranofin significantly decreased when adding a sublethal dose of menadione. The analysis of the expression of genes encoding oxidoreductase enzymes upon exposure of S. apiospermum to honokiol unveiled the upregulation of many genes, especially those coding peroxiredoxins, thioredoxin reductases, and glutaredoxins. Altogether, these data suggest that auranofin and honokiol act via dampening the redox balance and support their repurposing as antifungals against Scedosporium species and L. prolificans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Yaakoub
- Groupe d'Etude Des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), SFR ICAT 4208, UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Institut De Biologie En Santé-IRIS, CHU Angers,Angers, France
| | - Cindy Staerck
- Groupe d'Etude Des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), SFR ICAT 4208, UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Institut De Biologie En Santé-IRIS, CHU Angers,Angers, France
| | - Sara Mina
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Charlotte Godon
- Groupe d'Etude Des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), SFR ICAT 4208, UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Institut De Biologie En Santé-IRIS, CHU Angers,Angers, France
| | - Maxime Fleury
- Groupe d'Etude Des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), SFR ICAT 4208, UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Institut De Biologie En Santé-IRIS, CHU Angers,Angers, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bouchara
- Groupe d'Etude Des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), SFR ICAT 4208, UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Institut De Biologie En Santé-IRIS, CHU Angers,Angers, France.,Département de biologie des agents infectieux , Laboratoire De Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - Alphonse Calenda
- Groupe d'Etude Des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP, EA 3142), SFR ICAT 4208, UNIV Angers, UNIV Brest, Institut De Biologie En Santé-IRIS, CHU Angers,Angers, France
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11
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Usach I, Alaimo A, Fernández J, Ambrosini A, Mocini S, Ochiuz L, Peris JE. Magnolol and Honokiol: Two Natural Compounds with Similar Chemical Structure but Different Physicochemical and Stability Properties. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020224. [PMID: 33561940 PMCID: PMC7915353 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolia spp. extracts are known for their use in traditional Korean, Chinese, and Japanese medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, anxiety, and allergies. Among their main components with pharmacological activity, the most relevant are magnolol and honokiol, which also show antitumoral activity. The objectives of this work were to study some physicochemical properties of both substances and their stability under different conditions of temperature, pH, and oxidation. Additionally, liposomes of honokiol (the least stable compound) were formulated and characterized. Both compounds showed pH-dependent solubility, with different solubility–pH profiles. Magnolol showed a lower solubility than honokiol at acidic pH values, but a higher solubility at alkaline pH values. The partition coefficients were similar and relatively high for both compounds (log Po/w ≈ 4.5), indicating their lipophilic nature. Honokiol was less stable than magnolol, mainly at neutral and basic pH values. To improve the poor stability of honokiol, it was suitably loaded in liposomes. The obtained liposomes were small in size (175 nm), homogeneous (polydispersity index = 0.17), highly negatively charged (−11 mV), and able to incorporate high amounts of honokiol (entrapment efficiency = 93.4%). The encapsulation of honokiol in liposomes increased its stability only at alkaline pH values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Usach
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Alessandro Alaimo
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Juan Fernández
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Alessandro Ambrosini
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sara Mocini
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Lacramioara Ochiuz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - José-Esteban Peris
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (A.A.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-543-353; Fax: +34-963-544-911
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12
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Yoon EJ, Lee MY, Choi BI, Lim KJ, Hong SY, Park D. Pharmaceutical Advantages of GenoTX-407, A Combination of Extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis Root and Magnolia officinalis Bark. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111111. [PMID: 33187253 PMCID: PMC7697866 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis root (SBR) and Magnolia officinalis barks (MOB) possess significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties; however, these also exert adverse effects such as cytotoxicity. To overcome the adverse effects, we formulated a combination of the extracts, named GenoTX-407, with SBR and MOB extracts mixed in 5:1 ratio. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities of SBR and MOB extracts and GenoTX-407 were evaluated. Methods: To optimize the extraction conditions of SBR and MOB, different ethanol concentrations and extraction times and treatments of the extracts with different solvents for varying time periods were tested. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed via NO scavenging assay and analysis of anti-inflammatory activity-related gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Agar disk diffusion and microdilution assays were used to determine the antimicrobial activity. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through DPPH assay and analyses of peroxidation and antioxidant-related protein expression in HeLa cells. Results: Extraction with 0% ethanol for 2 h and 1.5% phosphoric acid for 0.5 h yielded maximum SBR extracts. For MOB, 50% ethanol extraction for 2 h followed by further extraction in hexane for 0.5 h yielded the highest extracts. SBR (46.1 ± 0.9 %) and MOB (48.9 ± 1.0 %) extracts effectively inhibited NO production, and dose-dependently reduced the expression of TNF-α, iNOS, NF-κB, COX2, and IL-6. MOB and GenoTX-407 inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Propionibacterium acnes, as evidenced in disk diffusion and microdilution assays. SBR (EC50, 107.7 µg/mL and 38.3 µg/mL), MOB (62.41 µg/mL and 72.45 µg/mL), and GenoTX-407 (7.7 µg/mL and 26.4 µg/mL) exhibited excellent antioxidant potency and could scavenge free radicals of DPPH and lipid peroxidation; additionally, SOD, CAT, HO-1, and Nrf2 expression was increased in HeLa cells. SBR showed more potent antioxidant activity than MOB. Contrastingly, MOB exhibited more potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities than SBR. Interestingly, GenoTX-407 was the most efficient in all the assays, compared with SBR and MOB. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that GenoTX-407, the combination of SBR and MOB, is a potential drug candidate exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects via the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Yoon
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju 28173, Korea;
| | - Mi Young Lee
- Genogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28161, Korea; (M.Y.L.); (B.I.C.); (K.J.L.); (S.Y.H.)
| | - Byoung Il Choi
- Genogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28161, Korea; (M.Y.L.); (B.I.C.); (K.J.L.); (S.Y.H.)
| | - Kyong Jin Lim
- Genogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28161, Korea; (M.Y.L.); (B.I.C.); (K.J.L.); (S.Y.H.)
| | - Seung Young Hong
- Genogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28161, Korea; (M.Y.L.); (B.I.C.); (K.J.L.); (S.Y.H.)
| | - Dongsun Park
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju 28173, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-230-3652; Fax: +82-43-232-7176
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13
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Yan YF, Yang CJ, Shang XF, Zhao ZM, Liu YQ, Zhou R, Liu H, Wu TL, Zhao WB, Wang YL, Hu GF, Qin F, He YH, Li HX, Du SS. Bioassay-guided isolation of two antifungal compounds from Magnolia officinalis, and the mechanism of action of honokiol. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 170:104705. [PMID: 32980068 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Magnolia officinalis, as a well-known herb worldwide, has been widely used to treat multiple diseases for a long time. In this study, the petroleum ether extract from M. officinalis showed effective antifungal activity against seven plant pathogens (particularly against R. solani with an inhibition rate of 100.00% at 250 μg/mL). Honokiol and magnolol, isolated by the bioassay-guided method, exhibited greater antifungal activity than tebuconazole (EC50 = 3.07 μg/mL, p ≤ 0.001) against R. solani, which EC50 values were 2.18 μg/mL and 3.48 μg/mL, respectively. We used transcriptomics to explore the mechanism of action of honokiol against R. solani. Results indicated that honokiol may exert antifungal effects by blocking the oxidative phosphorylation metabolic pathway. Further studies indicated that honokiol induced ROS overproduction, disrupted the mitochondrial function, affected respiration, and blocked the TCA cycle, which eventually inhibited ATP production. Besides, honokiol also damaged cell membranes and caused morphological changes. This study demonstrated that the lignans isolated from M. officinalis possess the potential to be developed as botanical fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Fang Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fei Shang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Lin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ling Wang
- Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan-Fang Hu
- Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hui He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha-Sha Du
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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14
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Thin-layer chromatographic quantification of magnolol and honokiol in dietary supplements and selected biological properties of these preparations. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1625:461230. [PMID: 32709311 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Two isomeric biphenyl neolignans, magnolol and honokiol, are considered as constituents responsible for the healing effect of magnolia bark, a traditional Oriental medicine. To survey the increasing number of dietary supplements that contain magnolia bark or its extract, an affordable quantitative thin-layer chromatography (TLC) - densitometry method was developed. The methanol extracts were analyzed on the silica gel plates after manual sample application using n-hexane - ethyl acetate - ethanol (16:3:1, v/v/v) as a mobile phase. For quantitation, the chromatograms were scanned in the absorbance mode at the wavelength λ = 290 nm. The limits of detection and quantitation were 90 and 280 ng/zone for magnolol and 70 and 200 ng/zone for honokiol, respectively. None of the two targeted neolignans were detected in two of the six analyzed supplements. In the other four samples, the measured amounts were between 0.95-114.69 mg g-1 for magnolol and 4.88-84.86 mg g-1 for honokiol. Moreover, separations of these two neolignans on the TLC and high-performance TLC (HPTLC) layers were compared and HPTLC was combined with antioxidant (DPPH) and antibacterial (Bacillus subtilis and Aliivibrio fischeri) assays and mass spectrometry (MS), using the elution-based interface. Both magnolol and honokiol exhibited effects in all bioactivity assays. The HPTLC-MS tests confirmed purity of neolignan zones in the extracts of dietary supplements and supported tentative identification of the alkaloid piperine and the isoflavone daidzein as additional bioactive components of the investigated dietary supplements. Using the same mobile phase in the orthogonal directions 2D-HPTLC-MS experiments proved degradation, i.e., instability of magnolol and honokiol on the silica gel adsorbent.
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15
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Zhi XY, Jiang LY, Li T, Song LL, Wang Y, Cao H, Yang C. Semisynthesis and insecticidal bioactivities of benzoxazole and benzoxazolone derivatives of honokiol, a naturally occurring neolignan derived from Magnolia officinalis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127086. [PMID: 32165043 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Honokiol, a natural bioactive neolignan isolated from the bark and leaf of Magnolia officinalis and Magnolia obovata, exhibits many important biological properties. In continuation of our interest in discovery of the agrochemicals derived from the natural sources, thirty-seven new 8/8'-alkylthiol-benzoxazole and N-alkyl/sulfonyl-benzoxazolone derivatives of honokiol were prepared and their insecticidal activities were evaluated against the larvae of Mythimna separata Walker and Plutella xylostella Linnaeus. The results showed that eleven derivatives exhibited potent insecticidal activity against M. separata when compared with the positive control. Particularly, compound 5h displayed the most promising insecticidal activity against M. separata with the final mortality rate (FMR) of 58.6%. Meanwhile, compounds 7n (FMR = 65.3%), 7p (FMR = 61.5%), and 8c (FMR = 65.3%) demonstrated a greater insecticidal activity against P. xylostella than toosendanin, a well-known botanical insecticide. Additionally, the preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs) were also discussed. This study indicates that these honokiol derivatives could be used as leads for the further derivation and development of the potential pesticide candidates for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zhi
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, PR China
| | - Ling-Yun Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, PR China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, PR China
| | - Li-Li Song
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, PR China
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, PR China
| | - Chun Yang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, PR China.
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16
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Liu Z, Zhang H, Wang H, Wei L, Niu L. Magnolol Alleviates IL-1β-Induced Dysfunction of Chondrocytes Through Repression of SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2020; 40:145-151. [PMID: 31916911 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zili Liu
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Honglin Wang
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Longyu Wei
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Niu
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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17
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Tao A, Song Z, Feng X, Hu B, Lei X. Magnolol–Coumarin–Phenylbutyric acid Conjugates: An Anticancer Prodrug via multiple targets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/330/4/042054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Lima TRF, Gallo SB, Rosa AF, E Silva SDL, Brochado T, Bezerra HVA, Putrino SM, Martins MB, Leme PR. Effect of Macleaya cordata and Magnolia officinalis plant extracts on oxidative stress control in lambs fed a high-concentrate diet. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 33:913-920. [PMID: 31480200 PMCID: PMC7206378 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this experiment was to compare conventional antioxidants and plant extracts for oxidative stress control in lambs fed a high-concentrate diet. Methods Forty-eight male Dorper×Santa Ines lambs with an initial weight of 20±1.49 kg and 60 days of age, were used to evaluate the effects of feeding a combination of Macleaya cordata and Magnolia officinalis plant extracts (0 vs 320 mg/kg dry matter [DM]) in combination with selenium+vitamin E (0 vs 100 IU/kg DM of vitamin E and 0.1 mg/kg DM of selenium) in a completely randomized block design in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. The animals were housed in individual pens and received a high-concentrate diet consisting of 80% whole corn and 20% protein pellet for 60 days. The animals were weighed at the beginning of the experiment and every 14 days for performance monitoring. Three blood samplings were performed during the experimental period for the evaluation of oxidative and protein parameters. Results The treatments with vitamin E and selenium as additives had a positive influence on final weight, daily weight gain, carcass weight, and selenium content in longissimus muscle (p = 0.01). Plant extracts tended to improve final weight (p = 0.064) and daily weight gain (p = 0.059), showing similar effect as selenium and vitamin E. There was no effect of treatment on blood proteins, indicating that the animals were healthy throughout the experiment. Conclusion The use of plant extracts had a similar effect as the addition of selenium and vitamin E, with dietary inclusion of additives resulting in better performance of lambs but both supplements did not have strong influence on oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Ronimar Ferreira Lima
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte ave. Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Sarita Bonagurio Gallo
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte ave. Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Fernandes Rosa
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte ave. Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Saulo da Luz E Silva
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte ave. Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Thais Brochado
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte ave. Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Helena Viel Alves Bezerra
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte ave. Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo Roberto Leme
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte ave. Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
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19
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Chen YH, Lu MH, Guo DS, Zhai YY, Miao D, Yue JY, Yuan CH, Zhao MM, An DR. Antifungal Effect of Magnolol and Honokiol from Magnolia officinalis on Alternaria alternata Causing Tobacco Brown Spot. Molecules 2019; 24:E2140. [PMID: 31174300 PMCID: PMC6600672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two phenol compounds, magnolol and honokiol, were extracted from Magnolia officinalis and identified by LC-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR. The magnolol and honokiol were shown to be effective against seven pathogenic fungi, including Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl, Penicillium expansum (Link) Thom, Alternaria dauci f.sp. solani, Fusarium moniliforme J. Sheld, Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl., Valsa mali Miyabe & G. Yamada, and Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn, with growth inhibition of more than 57%. We also investigated the mechanisms underlying the potential antifungal activity of magnolol and honokiol. The results showed that they inhibited the growth of A. alternata in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, magnolol and honokiol treatment resulted in distorted mycelia and increased the cell membrane permeability of A. alternata, as determined by conductivity measurements. These results suggest that magnolol and honokiol are potential antifungal agents for application against plant fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Han Chen
- College of Plant Protection and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- College of agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China.
| | - Mei-Huan Lu
- College of Plant Protection and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Microbial Resources of Research Center, Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xian 710043, China.
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Plant Protection and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Ying-Yan Zhai
- College of Plant Protection and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Dan Miao
- College of agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China.
| | - Jian-Ying Yue
- College of agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China.
| | - Chen-Hong Yuan
- College of Plant Protection and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Ming-Min Zhao
- College of agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China.
| | - De-Rong An
- College of Plant Protection and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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20
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Liu S, Li L, Tan L, Liang X. Inhibition of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Replication by Natural Compound Honokiol. Virol Sin 2019; 34:315-323. [PMID: 30915606 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Honokiol is a pleiotropic natural compound isolated from Magnolia and has multiple biological and clinically relevant effects, including anticancer and antimicrobial function. However, the antiviral activity of honokiol has not yet been well studied. Here we showed that honokiol had no effect on herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) entry, but inhibited HSV-1 viral DNA replication, gene expression and the production of new progeny viruses. The combination of honokiol and clinical drug acyclovir augmented inhibition of HSV-1 infection. Our results illustrate that honokiol could be a potential new candidate for clinical consideration in the treatment of HSV-1 infection alone or combination with other therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Long Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lingbing Tan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiaozhen Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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21
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Hu Y, Shen Y, Tu X, Wu X, Wang GX, Ling F. Isolation of anti-Saprolegnia lignans from Magnolia officinalis and SAR evaluation of honokiol/magnolol analogs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 29:389-395. [PMID: 30579792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
To control the fish fungal pathogen Saprolegnia, the effects of the petroleum ether extracts of Magnolia officinalis were evaluated by a rapeseed (Brassicanapus) microplate method in vitro. By loading on an open silica gel column and eluting with petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-methanol, honokiol (C18H18O2) and magnolol (C18H18O2) were isolated from Magnolia officinalis. Saprolegnia parasitica growth was inhibited significantly when honokiol concentration was >8.0 mg/L, and magnolol concentration was >9.0 mg/L, with EC50 values of 4.38 and 4.92 mg/L, respectively. Six honokiol and magnolol derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-Saprolegnia activity. According to the results, double bond and hydroxyl played an important role in inhibiting Saprolegnia. Mechanistically, through the scanning electron microscope observation, honokiol and magnolol could cause the Saprolegnia parasitica mycelium tegumental damage including intensive wrinkles and nodular structures. Moreover, compared to traditional drugs kresoxim-methyl (LC50 = 0.66 mg/L) and azoxystrobin (LC50 = 2.71 mg/L), honokiol and magnolol showed a lower detrimental effect on zebrafish, with the LC50 values of 6.00 and 7.28 mg/L at 48 h, respectively. Overall, honokiol and magnolol were promising lead compounds for the development of commercial drugs anti-Saprolegnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yufeng Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiao Tu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gao-Xue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fei Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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22
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Liu Z, Xie J, Lin K, Qi L. Influencing mechanism of magnolol on expression of BDNF and Bax in rats with cerebral ischemic stroke. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4423-4428. [PMID: 30542392 PMCID: PMC6257771 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of magnolol on cerebral ischemic stroke in rats and the molecular mechanism were explored. Sprague-Dawley rat models were studied. Cerebral indexes, hematoxylin and eosin staining, TUNEL staining assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting were applied. The cerebral index in model group was significantly higher than that in sham operation group, and the cerebral index was obviously decreased after magnolol administration. Inflammatory cells accumulated in the brain tissue of rats in the model group. Abundant apoptotic cells were produced in the model group, which was overtly improved after rats were given magnolol. RT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that expression of mRNA and protein of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were distinctly decreased in model group, and increased after rats were given magnolol; while mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) were significantly raised in model group, and reduced after rats were given magnolol. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in expression of BDNF and Bax among sham operation, model and magnolol administration groups (p<0.01). In conclusion, magnolol can increase the expression of BDNF and decrease the expression of Bax, thereby inhibiting apoptosis to protect the nerves, and magnolol can improve cerebral ischemic stroke in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbo Liu
- The Second Department of Neurosurgery, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054031, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongchuan People's Hospital, Tongchuan, Shaanxi 727000, P.R. China
| | - Kai Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252004, P.R. China
| | - Liguo Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
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23
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Ding LF, Su J, Pan ZH, Zhang ZJ, Li XN, Song LD, Wu XD, Zhao QS. Cytotoxic sesquiterpenoids from the leaves of Magnolia grandiflora. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 155:182-190. [PMID: 30145456 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nine previously undescribed sesquiterpenoids, named magnograndins A-I, as well as fourteen known ones, were obtained from the 70% acetone extract of the leaves of Magnolia grandiflora. Their structures were ascertained based on the spectroscopic evidences. The assignment of the relative configuration of magnograndin A was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. 1β,10α-Epoxyparthenolide, parthenolide, and micheliolide exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-468, AGS, HCT116, Hela, and MDA-MB-231 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 1.76 to 16.11 μM. 1β,10α-Epoxyparthenolide and micheliolide potently inhibited NF-κB transcriptional activity with IC50 of 13.92 and 8.95 μM, respectively. The expression levels of NF-κB downstream protein p65 and XIAP were clearly down-regulated in 1β,10α-epoxyparthenolide and micheliolide treated cells, which demonstrated the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Fen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Liu-Dong Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xing-De Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Qin-Shi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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24
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Zhu X, Cai J, Zhou F, Wu Z, Li D, Li Y, Xie Z, Zhou Y, Liang Y. Genome-wide screening of budding yeast with honokiol to associate mitochondrial function with lipid metabolism. Traffic 2018; 19:867-878. [PMID: 30120820 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Honokiol (HNK), an important medicinal component of Magnolia officinalis, is reported to possess pharmacological activities against a variety of diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms of HNK medicinal functions are not fully clear. To systematically study the mechanisms of HNK action, we screened a yeast mutant library based on the conserved nature of its genes among eukaryotes. We identified genes associated with increased resistance or sensitivity to HNK after mutation. After functional classification of these genes, we found that most HNK-resistant strains in the largest functional category were petites with mutations in mitochondrial genes, indicating that mitochondria were related to HNK resistance. Additional analysis showed that resistance of petite mutants to HNK was associated with upregulation of the ATP-binding cassette transporter Pdr5, which pumps out HNK. We also found that several HNK-sensitive mitochondria mutants were not petites, and had larger lipid droplets (LDs). Furthermore, HNK treatment on wild-type yeast cells seemed to disrupt mitochondrial morphology, induced triacylglycerol synthesis, and generated supersized LDs surrounded by mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These changes are also applied to atp7Δ mutant if no carbon resource was available. These results suggested that HNK treatment partly impaired normal mitochondrial function to form larger LDs by altering lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Juan Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zulin Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youbin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiting Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dr. Li Dak Sam & Yap Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongheng Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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25
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Fernández CE, Aspiras M, Dodds MW, González-Cabezas C, Rickard AH. Combinatorial effect of magnolia bark extract and ethyl lauroyl arginate against multi-species oral biofilms: Food additives with the potential to prevent biofilm-related oral diseases. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022] Open
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26
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Zhang HP, Wang L, Wang Z, Xu XR, Zhou XM, Liu G, He LY, Wang J, Hsu A, Li WM, Wang G. Chinese herbal medicine formula for acute asthma: A multi-center, randomized, double-blind, proof-of-concept trial. Respir Med 2018; 140:42-49. [PMID: 29957279 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in asthma management, exacerbations constitute a significant health economic burden. OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine formula entitled PingchuanYiqi (PCYQ) granule, on acute asthma and to explore its possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS This proof-of-concept study consisted of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with acute asthma (n = 300). Participants with acute mild-to-moderate asthma recruited from seven centers in China were randomly assigned to receive PCYQ or placebo. The primary outcomes were PEF (L/min) and total asthma symptom scores. Furthermore, a panel of cytokines including serum IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, IL-17A, IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, CRP, CCL-5, IP-10, and PGD2 levels was detected using ELISA. RESULTS The PCYQ (n = 139) significantly improved the morning PEF on day 4 (349.73 ± 93.92 vs. 313.56 ± 92.91 L/min, P = 0.004) and day 7 (360.42 ± 94.39 vs. 329.52 ± 95.97 L/min, P = 0.023), and the evening PEF on day 4 (352.65 ± 95.47 vs. 320.58 ± 95.30 L/min, P = 0.012) and day 7 (360.42 ± 94.39 vs. 336.86 ± 95.59 L/min, P = 0.029) in comparison with the placebo (n = 143). The PCYQ also improved the clinical symptoms scores and reduced the puffs of short-acting β2-agonist (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the PCYQ statistically reduced IL-5, IL-8, IL-1β and PGD2 in serum. CONCLUSION The PCYQ as the Chinese herbal medicine formula significantly improves lung function and symptoms of acute asthma, and reduces SABA dosage possibly via decrease of inflammatory biomarkers such as IL-5, IL-8, IL-1β and PGD2. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN61674768 (http://www.isrctn.com/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ping Zhang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xian Rong Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xian Mei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wenzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lv Yuan He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua 321001, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Alan Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, 2305 NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Min Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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27
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Huang KJ, Kuo CH, Chen SH, Lin CY, Lee YR. Honokiol inhibits in vitro and in vivo growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma through induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1894-1908. [PMID: 29363886 PMCID: PMC5824386 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Honokiol, an active natural product derived from Magnolia officinalis, exerted anticancer effects through a variety of mechanisms on multiple types of cancers. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of honokiol in suppressing the human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells were evaluated. Treatment of two OSCC cell lines with honokiol resulted in reducing the cell proliferation and arresting the cell cycle at G1 stage which was correlated with the down‐regulation of Cdk2 and Cdk4 and the up‐regulation of cell cycle suppressors, p21 and p27. In addition, the caspase‐dependent programmed cell death was substantially detected, and the autophagy was induced as the autophagosome formation and autophagic flux proceeded. Modulation of autophagy by autophagic inducer, rapamycin or inhibitors, 3‐MA or bafilomycin, potentiated the honokiol‐mediated anti‐OSCC effects where honokiol exerted multiple actions in suppression of MAPK pathway and regulation of Akt/mTOR or AMPK pathways. As compared to clinical therapeutic agent, 5‐FU, honokiol exhibited more potent activity against OSCC cells and synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effect of 5‐FU. Furthermore, orally administrated honokiol exerted effective antitumour activity in vivo in OSCC‐xenografted mice. Thus, this study revealed that honokiol could be a promising candidate in preventing human OSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kao-Jean Huang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, Institute of Biologics, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ho Kuo
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood Bank, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsin Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yen Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ray Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
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28
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Behbehani J, Shreaz S, Irshad M, Karched M. The natural compound magnolol affects growth, biofilm formation, and ultrastructure of oral Candida isolates. Microb Pathog 2017; 113:209-217. [PMID: 29074435 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of oral candidosis has increased in recent years due to the escalation in HIV-infection, cancer treatments, organ transplantation, and diabetes. In addition, corticosteroid use, dentures, and broad-spectrum antibiotic use have also contributed to the problem. Treatment of oral candidosis has continued to be problematic because of the potential toxicity of antifungals in clinical use, and, above all, development of drug resistance among patients. In this study, the antifungal effect of magnolol was investigated against 64 strains of Candida spp. (four standard and 60 oral isolates) through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and growth curve assays. Insight into the mechanisms of the antifungal action has been gained through ultrastructural studies using confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Molecular docking was done for predicting the interactions of magnolol with ergosterol at supramolecular level. The toxicity of magnolol on human erythrocytes was measured by in vitro hemolytic assay. MIC values of magnolol ranged from 16-64 μg/ml, respectively. All tested isolates showed a marked sensitivity towards magnolol in growth curve assays. Biofilm results suggested that magnolol showed strong anti-biofilm activity. The results obtained for four different Candida spp. demonstrated that MBIC values of magnolol showed the average biofilm inhibition by 69.5%, respectively. CLSM experiments showed that cells exposed to magnolol (MIC) exhibited cell membrane disruption. SEM analysis of magnolol treated cells resulted in deformed cells. TEM micrographs showed rupturing of the cell wall and plasma membrane, releasing the intracellular content, and swelling of the cell wall. Hemolytic activity of magnolol is 11.9% at its highest MIC compared to an activity level of 25.4% shown by amphotericin B (Amp B) at 1 μg/ml. Lipinski's parameters calculated for magnolol suggested its good oral bioavailability. Docking studies indicated that magnolol might be interacting with ergosterol in the fungal cell membranes. Together, the present study provides enough evidence for further work on magnolol so that better strategies could be employed to treat oral candidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad Behbehani
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait
| | - Sheikh Shreaz
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait; Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Mohammad Irshad
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait
| | - Maribassapa Karched
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait
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Komarov GN, Hope CK, Wang Q, Adejemi AA, Smith PW, Burnside G, Inui T, Higham SM. Dental plaque regrowth studies to evaluate chewing gum formulations incorporating magnolia bark extract. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Poivre M, Duez P. Biological activity and toxicity of the Chinese herb Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E. Wilson (Houpo) and its constituents. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:194-214. [PMID: 28271656 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese herbal drugs have been used for thousands of years in Chinese pharmacopoeia. The bark of Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E. Wilson, known under the pinyin name "Houpo", has been traditionally used in Chinese and Japanese medicines for the treatment of anxiety, asthma, depression, gastrointestinal disorders, headache, and more. Moreover, Magnolia bark extract is a major constituent of currently marketed dietary supplements and cosmetic products. Much pharmacological activity has been reported for this herb and its major compounds, notably antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic and antispasmodic effects. However, the mechanisms underlying this have not been elucidated and only a very few clinical trials have been published. In vitro and in vivo toxicity studies have also been published and indicate some intriguing features. The present review aims to summarize the literature on M. officinalis bark composition, utilisation, pharmacology, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Poivre
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
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Zhou P, Fu J, Hua H, Liu X. In vitro inhibitory activities of magnolol against Candida spp. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:2653-2661. [PMID: 28919715 PMCID: PMC5593404 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s146529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida spp. cause various infections involving the skin, mucosa, deep tissues, and even life-threatening candidemia. They are regarded as an important pathogen of nosocomial bloodstream infection, with a high mortality rate. As a result of prolonged exposure to azoles, the therapeutic failure associated with azoles resistance has become a serious challenge in clinical situations. Therefore, novel, alternative antifungals are required urgently. In the present study, the CLSI M-27A broth microdilution method and the 2,3-Bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) reduction assay were used to evaluate the antifungal effects of magnolol against various standard Candida strains in planktonic mode and biofilm formation, respectively. The antifungal activity of magnolol was demonstrated in planktonic C. albicans and non-albicans Candida species, especially fluconazole-resistant Candida krusei, with the minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 10 to 40 μg/mL. The BMIC90 (minimum concentration with 90% Candida biofilm inhibited) values of magnolol ranged from 20 to 160 μg/mL, whereas the BMIC90 values of fluconazole were more than 128 μg/mL. As an alternative and broad-spectrum antifungal agent, magnolol might be of benefit to the treatment of refractory Candida infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiru Zhou
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
| | - Jingya Fu
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Hua
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
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Zhu X, Zou S, Li Y, Liang Y. Transcriptomic analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae upon honokiol treatment. Res Microbiol 2017; 168:626-635. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Sun L, Liao K, Hang C, Wang D. Honokiol induces reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis in Candida albicans through mitochondrial dysfunction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172228. [PMID: 28192489 PMCID: PMC5305218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of honokiol on induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant defense systems, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in Candida albicans. Methods To measure ROS accumulation, 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate fluorescence was used. Lipid peroxidation was assessed using both fluorescence staining and a thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Protein oxidation was determined using dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatization. Antioxidant enzymatic activities were measured using commercially available detection kits. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes expression was measured using real time RT-PCR. To assess its antifungal abilities and effectiveness on ROS accumulation, honokiol and the SOD inhibitor N,N′-diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) were used simultaneously. Mitochondrial dysfunction was assessed by measuring the mitochondrial membrane potential (mtΔψ). Honokiol-induced apoptosis was assessed using an Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit. Results ROS, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation occurred in a dose-dependent manner in C. albicans after honokiol treatment. Honokiol caused an increase in antioxidant enzymatic activity. In addition, honokiol treatment induced SOD genes expression in C. albicans cells. Moreover, addition of DDC resulted in increased endogenous ROS levels and potentiated the antifungal activity of honokiol. Mitochondrial dysfunction was confirmed by measured changes to mtΔψ. The level of apoptosis increased in a dose-dependent manner after honokiol treatment. Conclusions Collectively, these results indicate that honokiol acts as a pro-oxidant in C. albicans. Furthermore, the SOD inhibitor DDC can be used to potentiate the activity of honokiol against C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmei Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Liao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengcheng Hang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The high incidence and mortality of invasive fungal infections and serious drug resistance have become a global public health issue. The ability of fungal cells to form biofilms is an important reason for the emergence of severe resistance to most clinically available antifungal agents. Targeting fungal biofilm formation by small molecules represents a promising new strategy for the development of novel antifungal agents. This perspective will provide a comprehensive review of fungal biofilm inhibitors. In particular, discovery strategies, chemical structures, antibiofilm/antifungal activities, and structure-activity relationship studies will be discussed. Development of inhibitors to treat biofilm-related resistant fungal infections is a new yet clinically unexploited paradigm, and there is still a long way to go to clinical application. Better understanding of fungal biofilms in combination with systematic drug discovery efforts will pave the way for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanchao Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Lu M, Li T, Wan J, Li X, Yuan L, Sun S. Antifungal effects of phytocompounds on Candida species alone and in combination with fluconazole. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 49:125-136. [PMID: 28040409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections caused by Candida spp. remain the most predominant nosocomial fungal infections. Owing to the increased use of antifungal agents, resistance of Candida spp. to antimycotics has emerged frequently, especially to fluconazole (FLC). To cope with this issue, new efforts have been dedicated to discovering novel antimycotics or new agents that can enhance the susceptibility of Candida spp. to existing antimycotics. The secondary metabolites of plants represent a large library of compounds that are important sources for new drugs or compounds suitable for further modification. Research on the anti-Candida activities of phytocompounds has been carried out in recent years and the results showed that a series of phytocompounds have anti-Candida properties, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids and alkaloids. Among these phytocompounds, some displayed potent antifungal activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ≤8 µg/mL, and several compounds were even more effective against drug-resistant Candida spp. than FLC or itraconazole (e.g. honokiol, magnolol and shikonin). Interestingly, quite a few phytocompounds not only displayed anti-Candida activity alone but also synergised with FLC against Candida spp., even leading to a reversal of FLC resistance. This review focuses on summarising the anti-Candida activities of phytocompounds as well as the interactions of phytocompounds with FLC. In addition, we briefly overview the synergistic mechanisms and present the structure of the antimycotic phytocompounds. Hopefully, this analysis will provide insight into antifungal agent discovery and new approaches against antifungal drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Tao Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Qianfoshan Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, China
| | - Jianjian Wan
- Department of Respiratory, Yucheng People's Hospital, Yucheng, Shandong Province 251200, China
| | - Xiuyun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Baodi District People's Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, China.
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Law BYK, Mok SWF, Wu AG, Lam CWK, Yu MXY, Wong VKW. New Potential Pharmacological Functions of Chinese Herbal Medicines via Regulation of Autophagy. Molecules 2016; 21:359. [PMID: 26999089 PMCID: PMC6274228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a universal catabolic cellular process for quality control of cytoplasm and maintenance of cellular homeostasis upon nutrient deprivation and environmental stimulus. It involves the lysosomal degradation of cellular components such as misfolded proteins or damaged organelles. Defects in autophagy are implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases including cancers, myopathy, neurodegenerations, infections and cardiovascular diseases. In the recent decade, traditional drugs with new clinical applications are not only commonly found in Western medicines, but also highlighted in Chinese herbal medicines (CHM). For instance, pharmacological studies have revealed that active components or fractions from Chaihu (Radix bupleuri), Hu Zhang (Rhizoma polygoni cuspidati), Donglingcao (Rabdosia rubesens), Hou po (Cortex magnoliae officinalis) and Chuan xiong (Rhizoma chuanxiong) modulate cancers, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular disease via autophagy. These findings shed light on the potential new applications and formulation of CHM decoctions via regulation of autophagy. This article reviews the roles of autophagy in the pharmacological actions of CHM and discusses their new potential clinical applications in various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Simon Wing Fai Mok
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - An Guo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Christopher Wai Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Margaret Xin Yi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
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Radu CD, Parteni O, Ochiuz L. Applications of cyclodextrins in medical textiles - review. J Control Release 2016; 224:146-157. [PMID: 26796039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents data on the general properties and complexing ability of cyclodextrins and assessment methods (phase solubility, DSC tests and X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectra, analytical method). It focuses on the formation of drug deposits on the surface of a textile underlayer, using a cyclodextrin compound favoring the inclusion of a drug/active principle and its release onto the dermis of patients suffering from skin disorders, or for protection against insects. Moreover, it presents the kinetics, duration, diffusion flow and release media of the cyclodextrin drug for in vitro studies, as well as the release modeling of the active principle. The information focuses on therapies: antibacterial, anti-allergic, antifungal, chronic venous insufficiency, psoriasis and protection against insects. The pharmacodynamic agents/active ingredients used on cotton, woolen and synthetic textile fabrics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezar-Doru Radu
- "Gh. Asachi" Technical University Iasi, Department: Textiles, Leather and Industrial Management, 29 Mangeron Street, Iasi 20050, Romania.
| | - Oana Parteni
- "Gh. Asachi" Technical University Iasi, Department: Textiles, Leather and Industrial Management, 29 Mangeron Street, Iasi 20050, Romania.
| | - Lacramioara Ochiuz
- "Gr.T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy/Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 11 Universitatii Street, Iasi, Romania.
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Zuo GY, Zhang XJ, Han J, Li YQ, Wang GC. In vitro synergism of magnolol and honokiol in combination with antibacterial agents against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:425. [PMID: 26627468 PMCID: PMC4666064 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a problematic pathogen posing a serious therapeutic challenge in the clinic. It is often multidrug-resistant (MDR) to conventional classes of antibacterial agents and there is an urgent need to develop new agents or strategies for treatment. Magnolol (ML) and honokiol (HL) are two naturally occurring diallylbiphenols which have been reported to show inhibition of MRSA. In this study their synergistic effects with antibacterial agents were further evaluated via checkerboard and time-kill assays. Methods The susceptibility spectrum of clinical MRSA strains was tested by the disk diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of ML and HL were assayed by broth microdilution. The synergy was evaluated through checkerboard microdilution and time-killing experiments. Results ML and HL showed similar activity against both MSSA and MRSA with MIC/MBC at 16 ~ 64 mg/L, with potency similar to amikacin (AMK) and gentamicin (GEN). When they were used in combination with conventional antibacterial agents, they showed bacteriostatic synergy with FICIs between 0.25 ~ 0.5, leading to the combined MICs decreasing to as low as 1 ~ 2 and 1 ~ 16 mg/L for ML (HL) and the agents, respectively. MIC50 of the combinations decreased from 16 mg/L to 1 ~ 4 mg/L for ML (HL) and 8 ~ 128 mg/L to 2 ~ 64 mg/L for the antibacterial agents, which exhibited a broad spectrum of synergistic action with aminoglycosides (AMK, etilmicin (ETM) and GEN), floroquinolones (levofloxacin (LEV), ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin), fosfomycin (FOS) and piperacillin. The times of dilution (TOD, the extent of decreasing in MIC value) were determined up to 16 for the combined MIC. A more significant synergy after combining was determined as ML (HL) with AMK, ETM, GEN and FOS. ML (HL) combined with antibacterial agents did not show antagonistic effects on any of the ten MRSA strains. Reversal effects of MRSA resistance to AMK and GEN by ML and HL were also observed, respectively. All the combinations also showed better dynamic bactericidal activity against MRSA than any of single ML (HL) or the agents at 24 h incubation. The more significant synergy of combinations were determined as HL (ML) + ETM, HL + LEV and HL + AMK (GEN or FOS), with △LC24 of 2.02 ~ 2.25. Conclusion ML and HL showed synergistic potentiation of antibacterial agents against clinical isolates of MRSA and warrant further pharmacological investigation.
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Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zhu Y, Wei Q, Li X, Ou Y, Ao N, Zhang X. A Facile Graphene Nanosheets-based Electrochemical Sensor for Sensitive Detection of Honokiol in Traditional Chinese Medicine. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Antimicrobial Effects and Resistant Regulation of Magnolol and Honokiol on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:283630. [PMID: 26357651 PMCID: PMC4556871 DOI: 10.1155/2015/283630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial killing activity toward methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been a serious emerging global issue. In a continuing search for compounds with antibacterial activity against several microorganisms including S. aureus and MRSA, an n-hexane extract of Magnolia officinalis was found to contain magnolol. This compound exhibited potent activity against S. aureus, standard methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), and MRSA as well as clinical MRSA isolates. When combined with oxacillin, the antibacterial activities of magnolol and honokiol against the MRSA strain were increased compared to single treatment without antibiotics at 10 µg/mL and 25 µg/mL, respectively. These activities of magnolol and honokiol were dose dependent. Also, magnolol showed synergistic effects with oxacillin against 13 clinical isolates of MRSA. It was determined that magnolol and honokiol had a synergistic effect with oxacillin against MRSA strain. Furthermore, the magnolol inhibited the expression of the resistant genes, mecA, mecI, femA, and femB, in mRNA. We concluded that the antibacterial activity of magnolol against MRSA strain is more related to the mecI's pathway and components of the cell wall than mecR1. Therefore, the results obtained in this study suggest that the combination of magnolol and antibiotics could lead to the development of new combination antibiotics against MRSA infection.
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Liao HR, Chien CR, Chen JJ, Lee TY, Lin SZ, Tseng CP. The anti-inflammatory effect of 2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enyl-phenyl)-4-prop-2-enyl-phenol by targeting Lyn kinase in human neutrophils. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 236:90-101. [PMID: 25980585 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The undesirable respiratory burst in neutrophils can lead to inflammation and tissue damage. This study investigates the effect and the underlying mechanism of 2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enyl-phenyl)-4-prop-2-enyl-phenol (honokiol), a lignan extracted from the stem bark of Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils (Magnoliaceae), on N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced respiratory burst in human neutrophils. Signaling pathways regulated by honokiol which modulate fMLP-induced respiratory burst and cathepsin G release were evaluated by phosphorylation of Src family kinase induced by fMLP, Src family kinases activities and by immunoblotting analysis of the downstream targets of Src kinase. Briefly, honokiol inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production (IC50 = 9.80 ± 0.21 μM, n = 4), cathepsin G release (IC50 = 14.23 ± 1.43 μM, n = 4) and migration (IC50 = 5.69 ± 1.51 μM, n = 4) in a concentration dependent manner. Further, honokiol specifically suppresses fMLP-induced Lyn (a member of the Src kinase family) phosphorylation, by inhibiting Lyn kinase activity. Consequently, honokiol attenuated the downstream targets of Lyn kinase, such as Tec translocation from the cytosol to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, phosphorylation of AKT, P38, PLCγ2, protein kinase C and membrane localization of p47(phox). On the other hand, fMLP-induced phosphorylation of Hck, Fgr kinase activity (other members of Src kinase), downstream phosphorylation of Vav1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase remained unaffected. In addition, honokiol neither inhibited NADPH oxidase activity nor increased cyclic AMP levels. Honokiol is not a competitive or allosteric antagonist of fMLP. In conclusion, honokiol specifically modulates fMLP-mediated neutrophil activation by inhibiting Lyn activation which subsequently interferes with the activation of PLCγ2, AKT, p38, protein kinase C, and p47(phox).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Ruei Liao
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Ru Chien
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Jung Chen
- Department of Pharmacy & Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ta-jen University, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zhi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Sun L, Liao K, Wang D. Effects of magnolol and honokiol on adhesion, yeast-hyphal transition, and formation of biofilm by Candida albicans. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117695. [PMID: 25710475 PMCID: PMC4339376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The first step in infection by Candida albicans is adhesion to host cells or implanted medical devices and this followed by hyphal growth and biofilm formation. Yeast-to-hyphal transition has long been identified as a key factor in fungal virulence. Following biofilm formation, C. albicans is usually less sensitive or insensitive to antifungals. Therefore, development of new antifungals with inhibitory action on adhesion, yeast-hyphal transition and biofilm formation by C. albicans is very necessary. Methods The effects of magnolol and honokiol on hypha growth were investigated using different induction media. Their inhibitory effects were determined using the 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5- carboxanilide assay, and biofilm thickness and viability were observed by a confocal scanning laser microscope. Mammalian cells were used in adhesion assays. Genes related to hyphae development and cell adhesions were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The exogenous cyclic adenosine monophosphate was used to determine the mechanisms of action of magnolol and honokiol. Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an in vivo model to estimate the antifungal activities of magnolol and honokiol. Results and conclusions Magnolol and honokiol inhibited adhesion, the transition from yeast to hypha, and biofilm formation by C. albicans through the Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 pathway. Moreover, magnolol and honokiol prolonged the survival of nematodes infected by C. albicans. Magnolol and honokiol have potential inhibitory effects against biofilm formation by C. albicans. General Significance This study provides useful information towards the development of new strategies to reduce the incidence of C. albicans biofilm-associated infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmei Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (LS); (DW)
| | - Kai Liao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (LS); (DW)
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Sun LM, Liao K, Liang S, Yu PH, Wang DY. Synergistic activity of magnolol with azoles and its possible antifungal mechanism against Candida albicans. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 118:826-38. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L.-M. Sun
- Department of Pharmacology; Medical School of Southeast University; Nanjing China
| | - K. Liao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology; Medical School; Southeast University; Nanjing China
| | - S. Liang
- Department of Pharmacology; Medical School of Southeast University; Nanjing China
| | - P.-H. Yu
- Department of Pharmacology; Medical School of Southeast University; Nanjing China
| | - D.-Y. Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education; Medical School of Southeast University; Nanjing China
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The herbal-derived honokiol and magnolol enhances immune response to infection with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:4387-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Kim HI, Kim JA, Choi EJ, Harris JB, Jeong SY, Son SJ, Kim Y, Shin OS. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial efficacy of natural plant-derived compounds against Vibrio cholerae of O1 El Tor Inaba serotype. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 79:475-83. [PMID: 25516242 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.991685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated antibacterial activities of 20 plant-derived natural compounds against Gram-negative enteric pathogens. We found that both flavonoids and non-flavonoids, including honokiol and magnolol, possess specific antibacterial activities against V. cholerae, but not against other species of Gram-negative bacterium which we tested. Using various antibacterial assays, we determined that there was a dose-dependent bactericidal and biofilm inhibitory activity of honokiol and magnolol against Vibrio cholerae. In addition to antibacterial activities, these molecules also induced an attenuating effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and pro-inflammatory responses generated by macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Additionally, Caenorhabditis elegans lethality assay revealed that honokiol and magnolol have an ability to extend a lifespan of V. cholerae-infected worms, contributing to prolonged survival of worms after lethal infection. Altogether, our data show for the first time that honokiol and magnolol may be considered as attractive protective or preventive food adjuncts for cholera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Ip Kim
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences , College of Medicine, Korea University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Liu T, Pan Y, Lai R. New Mechanism of Magnolol and Honokiol from Magnolia officinalis against Staphylococcus aureus. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division protein, FtsZ, has been identified as a new potential antimicrobial target against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). By using computer-aided simulation, the phenolic compounds magnolol and honokiol from Magnolia officinalis were shown to have high anchor energies to FtsZ of S.aureus. The calculated binding energies of magnolol and honokiol for this FtsZ (PDB Code: 4DXD) were established to be −7.6 kcal/mol and −8.2 kcal/mol, respectively. Both of them showed polymerization inhibition efficacy for this FtsZ at 100 ppm, which confirmed the simulation results. Their antibacterial activity against S. aureus including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 8–16 ppm. These findings support the use of computer-aided simulation to screen natural compounds for this cell division protein, FtsZ, and this method can be a quick and promising approach for the development of antimicrobial agents against multi-drug resistant S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Worldwide Emerging Markets Innovation Center, Johnson & Johnson China Ltd, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Yalin Pan
- Worldwide Emerging Markets Innovation Center, Johnson & Johnson China Ltd, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Renfu Lai
- Worldwide Emerging Markets Innovation Center, Johnson & Johnson China Ltd, Shanghai 200245, China
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New phenylpropanoid and other compounds from Illicium lanceolatum with inhibitory activities against LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Fitoterapia 2014; 95:51-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zhang M, Zang KH, Luo JL, Leung FP, Huang Y, Lin CY, Yang ZJ, Lu AP, Tang XD, Xu HX, Sung JJY, Bian ZX. Magnolol inhibits colonic motility through down-regulation of voltage-sensitive L-type Ca2+ channels of colonic smooth muscle cells in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:1272-9. [PMID: 23972358 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of magnolol (5,5'-diallyl-2,2'-biphenyldiol) on contraction in distal colonic segments of rats and the underlying mechanisms. Colonic segments were mounted in organ baths for isometric force measurement. Whole-cell voltage-sensitive L-type Ca(2+) currents were recorded on isolated single colonic smooth muscle cells using patch-clamp technique. The spontaneous contractions and acetylcholine (ACh)- and Bay K 8644-induced contractions were inhibited by magnolol (3-100 μM). In the presence of Bay K8644 (100 nM), magnolol (10-100 μM) inhibited the contraction induced by 10 μM ACh. By contrast, tetrodotoxin (100 nM) and Nώ-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME 100 μM) did not change the inhibitory effect of magnolol (10 μM). In addition, magnolol (3-100 μM) inhibited the L-type Ca(2+) currents. The present results suggest that magnolol inhibits colonic smooth muscle contraction through downregulating L-type Ca(2+) channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu Y, Cao W, Zhang B, Liu YQ, Wang ZY, Wu YP, Yu XJ, Zhang XD, Ming PH, Zhou GB, Huang L. The natural compound magnolol inhibits invasion and exhibits potential in human breast cancer therapy. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3098. [PMID: 24226295 PMCID: PMC3827615 DOI: 10.1038/srep03098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis are the main causes of treatment failure and death in breast cancer. Thus, novel invasion-based therapies such as those involving natural agents are urgently required. In this study, we examined the effects of magnolol (Mag), a compound extracted from medicinal herbs, on breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Highly invasive cancer cells were found to be highly sensitive to treatment. Mag markedly inhibited the activity of highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, Mag significantly downregulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression, an enzyme critical to tumor invasion. Mag also inhibited nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity and the DNA binding of NF-κB to MMP-9 promoter. These results indicate that Mag suppresses tumor invasion by inhibiting MMP-9 through the NF-κB pathway. Moreover, Mag overcame the promoting effects of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. Our findings reveal the therapeutic potential and mechanism of Mag against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- 1] School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China [2] The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene & Antibody Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Health Science & Technology (prep), Center for Biotechnology & Biomedicine and Division of Life & Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China [3]
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