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Wang X, Zhang M, Ma J, Tie Y, Wang S. Biochemical Markers of Zinc Nutrition. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04091-x. [PMID: 38319550 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04091-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Zinc is an important trace element involved in the biochemical and physiological functions of the organism and is essential in the human body. It has been reported that 17.3% of people around the world are at risk of many diseases due to zinc deficiency, which has already affected people's healthy lives. Currently, mild zinc deficiency is difficult to diagnose early due to the lack of typical clinical manifestations, so finding zinc biomarkers is crucial for people's health. The present article reviews the main representative zinc biomarkers, such as body fluid zinc levels, zinc-dependent proteins, tissue zinc, and zinc-containing enzymes, to provide a reference for actively promoting the study of zinc nutritional status and early clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Wang
- North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province, 063210, China
| | - Menghui Zhang
- North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province, 063210, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050071, China
| | - Yanqing Tie
- Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, China.
| | - Shusong Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050071, China.
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2
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Bora J, Dey A, Lyngdoh AR, Dhasmana A, Ranjan A, Kishore S, Rustagi S, Tuli HS, Chauhan A, Rath P, Malik S. A critical review on therapeutic approaches of CRISPR-Cas9 in diabetes mellitus. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3459-3481. [PMID: 37522916 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (D.M.) is a common metabolic disorder caused mainly by combining two primary factors, which are (1) defects in insulin production by the pancreatic β-cells and (2) responsiveness of insulin-sensitive tissues towards insulin. Despite the rapid advancement in medicine to suppress elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) and insulin resistance associated with this hazard, a demand has undoubtedly emerged to find more effective and curative dimensions in therapeutic approaches against D.M. The administration of diabetes treatment that emphasizes insulin production and sensitivity may result in unfavorable side effects, reduced adherence, and potential treatment ineffectiveness. Recent progressions in genome editing technologies, for instance, in zinc-finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR-Cas)-associated nucleases, have greatly influenced the gene editing technology from concepts to clinical practices. Improvements in genome editing technologies have also opened up the possibility to target and modify specific genome sequences in a cell directly. CRISPR/Cas9 has proven effective in utilizing ex vivo gene editing in embryonic stem cells and stem cells derived from patients. This application has facilitated the exploration of pancreatic beta-cell development and function. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9 enables the creation of innovative animal models for diabetes and assesses the effectiveness of different therapeutic strategies in treating the condition. We, therefore, present a critical review of the therapeutic approaches of the genome editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 in treating D.M., discussing the challenges and limitations of implementing this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutishna Bora
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, 834001, India
| | - Ankita Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India
| | - Antonia R Lyngdoh
- Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India
| | - Archna Dhasmana
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anuj Ranjan
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Shristi Kishore
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, 834001, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, 22 Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology Safety and Management, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prangya Rath
- Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, 834001, India.
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, 22 Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
- Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
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3
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Dimou N, Kim AE, Flanagan O, Murphy N, Diez-Obrero V, Shcherbina A, Aglago EK, Bouras E, Campbell PT, Casey G, Gallinger S, Gruber SB, Jenkins MA, Lin Y, Moreno V, Ruiz-Narvaez E, Stern MC, Tian Y, Tsilidis KK, Arndt V, Barry EL, Baurley JW, Berndt SI, Bézieau S, Bien SA, Bishop DT, Brenner H, Budiarto A, Carreras-Torres R, Cenggoro TW, Chan AT, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chen X, Conti DV, Dampier CH, Devall M, Drew DA, Figueiredo JC, Giles GG, Gsur A, Harrison TA, Hidaka A, Hoffmeister M, Huyghe JR, Jordahl K, Kawaguchi E, Keku TO, Larsson SC, Le Marchand L, Lewinger JP, Li L, Mahesworo B, Morrison J, Newcomb PA, Newton CC, Obon-Santacana M, Ose J, Pai RK, Palmer JR, Papadimitriou N, Pardamean B, Peoples AR, Pharoah PDP, Platz EA, Potter JD, Rennert G, Scacheri PC, Schoen RE, Su YR, Tangen CM, Thibodeau SN, Thomas DC, Ulrich CM, Um CY, van Duijnhoven FJB, Visvanathan K, Vodicka P, Vodickova L, White E, Wolk A, Woods MO, Qu C, Kundaje A, Hsu L, Gauderman WJ, Gunter MJ, Peters U. Probing the diabetes and colorectal cancer relationship using gene - environment interaction analyses. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:511-520. [PMID: 37365285 PMCID: PMC10403521 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02312-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship still require investigation and it is not known if the association is modified by genetic variants. To address these questions, we undertook a genome-wide gene-environment interaction analysis. METHODS We used data from 3 genetic consortia (CCFR, CORECT, GECCO; 31,318 colorectal cancer cases/41,499 controls) and undertook genome-wide gene-environment interaction analyses with colorectal cancer risk, including interaction tests of genetics(G)xdiabetes (1-degree of freedom; d.f.) and joint testing of Gxdiabetes, G-colorectal cancer association (2-d.f. joint test) and G-diabetes correlation (3-d.f. joint test). RESULTS Based on the joint tests, we found that the association of diabetes with colorectal cancer risk is modified by loci on chromosomes 8q24.11 (rs3802177, SLC30A8 - ORAA: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.34-1.96; ORAG: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.30-1.54; ORGG: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.13-1.31; p-value3-d.f.: 5.46 × 10-11) and 13q14.13 (rs9526201, LRCH1 - ORGG: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.56-2.83; ORGA: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.38-1.68; ORAA: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06-1.21; p-value2-d.f.: 7.84 × 10-09). DISCUSSION These results suggest that variation in genes related to insulin signaling (SLC30A8) and immune function (LRCH1) may modify the association of diabetes with colorectal cancer risk and provide novel insights into the biology underlying the diabetes and colorectal cancer relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Dimou
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - Andre E Kim
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Orlagh Flanagan
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Virginia Diez-Obrero
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
- Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elom K Aglago
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanouil Bouras
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Center for Public Health Genomics, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yi Lin
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Victor Moreno
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
- Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- ONCOBEL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edward Ruiz-Narvaez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mariana C Stern
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences & USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yu Tian
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kostas K Tsilidis
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth L Barry
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - James W Baurley
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
- BioRealm LLC, Walnut, CA, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stéphane Bézieau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique médicale, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Stephanie A Bien
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Timothy Bishop
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arif Budiarto
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Computer Science Department, School of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Robert Carreras-Torres
- Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 8908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tjeng Wawan Cenggoro
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Cancer Centre Hamburg (UCCH), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xuechen Chen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David V Conti
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher H Dampier
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Center for Public Health Genomics, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of General Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Matthew Devall
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - David A Drew
- Clinical & Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrea Gsur
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tabitha A Harrison
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Akihisa Hidaka
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeroen R Huyghe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kristina Jordahl
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric Kawaguchi
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Temitope O Keku
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Juan Pablo Lewinger
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bharuno Mahesworo
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - John Morrison
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christina C Newton
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mireia Obon-Santacana
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Avda Gran Via Barcelona 199-203, 08908L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jennifer Ose
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UH, USA
| | - Rish K Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikos Papadimitriou
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Bens Pardamean
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anita R Peoples
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UH, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John D Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Gad Rennert
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Peter C Scacheri
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Ru Su
- Biostatistics Division, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Division of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Duncan C Thomas
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences & USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UH, USA
| | - Caroline Y Um
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Emily White
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael O Woods
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, Discipline of Genetics, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Conghui Qu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anshul Kundaje
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - W James Gauderman
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Yang Z, Wang YE, Kirschke CP, Stephensen CB, Newman JW, Keim NL, Cai Y, Huang L. Effects of a genetic variant rs13266634 in the zinc transporter 8 gene (SLC30A8) on insulin and lipid levels before and after a high-fat mixed macronutrient tolerance test in U.S. adults. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 77:127142. [PMID: 36827808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The common C-allele of rs13266634 (c.973C>T or p.Arg325Trp) in SLC30A8 (ZNT8) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. While previous studies have examined the correlation of the variant with insulin and glucose metabolism, the effects of this variant on insulin and lipid responses after a lipid challenge in humans remain elusive. The goal of this study was to determine whether the C-allele had an impact on an individual's risk to metabolic syndromes in U.S. adults. METHOD We studied the genotypes of rs13266634 in 349 individuals aged between 18 and 65 y with BMI ranging from 18.5 to 45 kg/m2. The subjects were evaluated for insulin, glucose, HbA1c, ghrelin, and lipid profiles before and after a high-fat mixed macronutrient tolerance test (MMTT). RESULTS We found that the effects of variants rs13266634 on glucose and lipid metabolism were sex-dimorphic, greater impact on males than on females. Insulin incremental area under the curve (AUC) after MMTT was significantly decreased in men with the CC genotype (p < 0.05). Men with the CC genotype also had the lowest fasting non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations. On the other hand, the TT genotype was associated with a slower triglyceride removal from the circulation in men after MMTT. The reduced triglyceride removal was also observed in subjects with BMI ≥ 30 carrying either the heterozygous or homozygous T-allele. Nevertheless, the SNP had little effect on fasting or postprandial blood glucose and cholesterol concentrations. CONCLUSION We conclude that the CC genotype negatively affects insulin response after MMTT while the T-allele may negatively influence lipolysis during fasting and postprandial blood triglyceride removal in men and obese subjects, a novel finding in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyue Yang
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yining E Wang
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Catherine P Kirschke
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Charles B Stephensen
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - John W Newman
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nancy L Keim
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yimeng Cai
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Davis, 2805 50th Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Liping Huang
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Zinc transporters ZIPT-2.4 and ZIPT-15 are required for normal C. elegans fecundity. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:1261-1276. [PMID: 35501415 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02495-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The requirement of zinc for the development and maturation of germ lines and reproductive systems is deeply conserved across evolution. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans offers a tractable platform to study the complex system of distributing zinc to the germ line. We investigated several zinc importers to investigate how zinc transporters play a role in the reproductive system in nematodes, as well as establish a platform to study zinc transporter biology in germline and reproductive development. METHODS Previous high throughput transcriptional datasets as well as phylogenetic analysis identified several putative zinc transporters that have a function in reproduction in worms. Phenotypic analysis of CRISPR-generated knockouts and tags included characterization of offspring output, gonad development, and protein localization. Light and immunofluorescence microscopy allowed for visualization of physiological and molecular effects of zinc transporter mutations. RESULTS Disruption of two zinc transporters, ZIPT-2.4 and ZIPT-15, was shown to lead to defects in reproductive output. A mutation in zipt-2.4 has subtle effects on reproduction, while a mutation in zipt-15 has a clear impact on gonad and germline development that translates into a more pronounced defect in fecundity. Both transporters have germline expression, as well as additional expression in other cell types. CONCLUSIONS Two ZIP-family zinc transporter orthologs of human ZIP6/10 and ZIP1/2/3 proteins are important for full reproductive fecundity and participate in development of the gonad. Notably, these zinc transporters are present in gut and reproductive tissues in addition to the germ line, consistent with a complex zinc trafficking network important for reproductive success.
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The Oxidative Balance Orchestrates the Main Keystones of the Functional Activity of Cardiomyocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7714542. [PMID: 35047109 PMCID: PMC8763515 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7714542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review is aimed at providing an overview of the key hallmarks of cardiomyocytes in physiological and pathological conditions. The main feature of cardiac tissue is the force generation through contraction. This process requires a conspicuous energy demand and therefore an active metabolism. The cardiac tissue is rich of mitochondria, the powerhouses in cells. These organelles, producing ATP, are also the main sources of ROS whose altered handling can cause their accumulation and therefore triggers detrimental effects on mitochondria themselves and other cell components thus leading to apoptosis and cardiac diseases. This review highlights the metabolic aspects of cardiomyocytes and wanders through the main systems of these cells: (a) the unique structural organization (such as different protein complexes represented by contractile, regulatory, and structural proteins); (b) the homeostasis of intracellular Ca2+ that represents a crucial ion for cardiac functions and E-C coupling; and (c) the balance of Zn2+, an ion with a crucial impact on the cardiovascular system. Although each system seems to be independent and finely controlled, the contractile proteins, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and intracellular Zn2+ signals are strongly linked to each other by the intracellular ROS management in a fascinating way to form a "functional tetrad" which ensures the proper functioning of the myocardium. Nevertheless, if ROS balance is not properly handled, one or more of these components could be altered resulting in deleterious effects leading to an unbalance of this "tetrad" and promoting cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, this "functional tetrad" is proposed as a complex network that communicates continuously in the cardiomyocytes and can drive the switch from physiological to pathological conditions in the heart.
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Tamura Y. The Role of Zinc Homeostasis in the Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Diseases. J Atheroscler Thromb 2021; 28:1109-1122. [PMID: 34148917 PMCID: PMC8592709 DOI: 10.5551/jat.rv17057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential micronutrient for human health and is involved in various biological functions, such as growth, metabolism, and immune function. In recent years, research on intracellular zinc dynamics has progressed, and it has become clear that zinc transporters strictly control intracellular zinc localization, zinc regulates the functions of various proteins and signal transduction pathways as a second messenger similar to calcium ions, and intracellular zinc dyshomeostasis is associated with impaired insulin synthesis, secretion, sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and vascular function. Numerous animal and human studies have shown that zinc deficiency may be associated with the risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and zinc administration might be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Therefore, an understanding of zinc biology may help the establishment of novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and CVDs. This review will summarize the current knowledge on the role of zinc homeostasis in the pathogenesis of diabetes and atherosclerosis and will discuss the potential of zinc in the prevention of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Tamura
- Division of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, Japan
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8
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Barber-Zucker S, Moran A, Zarivach R. Metal transport mechanism of the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) protein family - a structural perspective on human CDF (ZnT)-related diseases. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:486-498. [PMID: 34458794 PMCID: PMC8341793 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00181c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Divalent d-block metal cations (DDMCs) participate in many cellular functions; however, their accumulation in cells can be cytotoxic. The cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family is a ubiquitous family of transmembrane DDMC exporters that ensures their homeostasis. Severe diseases, such as type II diabetes, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, were linked to dysfunctional human CDF proteins, ZnT-1-10 (SLC30A1-10). Each member of the CDF family reduces the cytosolic concentration of a specific DDMC by transporting it from the cytoplasm to the extracellular environment or into intracellular compartments. This process is usually achieved by utilizing the proton motive force. In addition to their activity as DDMC transporters, CDFs also have other cellular functions such as the regulation of ion channels and enzymatic activity. The combination of structural and biophysical studies of different bacterial and eukaryotic CDF proteins led to significant progress in the understanding of the mutual interaction among CDFs and DDMCs, their involvement in ion binding and selectivity, conformational changes and the consequent transporting mechanisms. Here, we review these studies, provide our mechanistic interpretation of CDF proteins based on the current literature and relate the above to known human CDF-related diseases. Our analysis provides a common structure-function relationship to this important protein family and closes the gap between eukaryote and prokaryote CDFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Barber-Zucker
- Department of Life Sciences, the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev P.O.B. 653 Beer Sheva 8410501 Israel +972-8-6472970 +972-8-6472970 +972-8-6428447 +972-8-6461999
| | - Arie Moran
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev P.O.B. 653 Beer Sheva 8410501 Israel
| | - Raz Zarivach
- Department of Life Sciences, the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev P.O.B. 653 Beer Sheva 8410501 Israel +972-8-6472970 +972-8-6472970 +972-8-6428447 +972-8-6461999
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9
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Catapano MC, Parsons DS, Kotuniak R, Mladěnka P, Bal W, Maret W. Probing the Structure and Function of the Cytosolic Domain of the Human Zinc Transporter ZnT8 with Nickel(II) Ions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2940. [PMID: 33799326 PMCID: PMC8000985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human zinc transporter ZnT8 provides the granules of pancreatic β-cells with zinc (II) ions for assembly of insulin hexamers for storage. Until recently, the structure and function of human ZnTs have been modelled on the basis of the 3D structures of bacterial zinc exporters, which form homodimers with each monomer having six transmembrane α-helices harbouring the zinc transport site and a cytosolic domain with an α,β structure and additional zinc-binding sites. However, there are important differences in function as the bacterial proteins export an excess of zinc ions from the bacterial cytoplasm, whereas ZnT8 exports zinc ions into subcellular vesicles when there is no apparent excess of cytosolic zinc ions. Indeed, recent structural investigations of human ZnT8 show differences in metal binding in the cytosolic domain when compared to the bacterial proteins. Two common variants, one with tryptophan (W) and the other with arginine (R) at position 325, have generated considerable interest as the R-variant is associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Since the mutation is at the apex of the cytosolic domain facing towards the cytosol, it is not clear how it can affect zinc transport through the transmembrane domain. We expressed the cytosolic domain of both variants of human ZnT8 and have begun structural and functional studies. We found that (i) the metal binding of the human protein is different from that of the bacterial proteins, (ii) the human protein has a C-terminal extension with three cysteine residues that bind a zinc(II) ion, and (iii) there are small differences in stability between the two variants. In this investigation, we employed nickel(II) ions as a probe for the spectroscopically silent Zn(II) ions and utilised colorimetric and fluorimetric indicators for Ni(II) ions to investigate metal binding. We established Ni(II) coordination to the C-terminal cysteines and found differences in metal affinity and coordination in the two ZnT8 variants. These structural differences are thought to be critical for the functional differences regarding the diabetes risk. Further insight into the assembly of the metal centres in the cytosolic domain was gained from potentiometric investigations of zinc binding to synthetic peptides corresponding to N-terminal and C-terminal sequences of ZnT8 bearing the metal-coordinating ligands. Our work suggests the involvement of the C-terminal cysteines, which are part of the cytosolic domain, in a metal chelation and/or acquisition mechanism and, as now supported by the high-resolution structural work, provides the first example of metal-thiolate coordination chemistry in zinc transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmen Catapano
- Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Bldg, 150 Stamford St., London SE1 9NH, UK; (M.C.C.); (D.S.P.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Douglas S. Parsons
- Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Bldg, 150 Stamford St., London SE1 9NH, UK; (M.C.C.); (D.S.P.)
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Radosław Kotuniak
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (R.K.); (W.B.)
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (R.K.); (W.B.)
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Bldg, 150 Stamford St., London SE1 9NH, UK; (M.C.C.); (D.S.P.)
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10
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Barragán-Álvarez CP, Padilla-Camberos E, Díaz NF, Cota-Coronado A, Hernández-Jiménez C, Bravo-Reyna CC, Díaz-Martínez NE. Loss of Znt8 function in diabetes mellitus: risk or benefit? Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2703-2718. [PMID: 33666829 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) plays an essential role in zinc homeostasis inside pancreatic β cells, its function is related to the stabilization of insulin hexameric form. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have established a positive and negative relationship of ZnT8 variants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), exposing a dual and controversial role. The first hypotheses about its role in T2DM indicated a higher risk of developing T2DM for loss of function; nevertheless, recent GWAS of ZnT8 loss-of-function mutations in humans have shown protection against T2DM. With regard to the ZnT8 role in T2DM, most studies have focused on rodent models and common high-risk variants; however, considerable differences between human and rodent models have been found and the new approaches have included lower-frequency variants as a tool to clarify gene functions, allowing a better understanding of the disease and offering possible therapeutic targets. Therefore, this review will discuss the physiological effects of the ZnT8 variants associated with a major and lower risk of T2DM, emphasizing the low- and rare-frequency variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla P Barragán-Álvarez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Padilla-Camberos
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Nestor F Díaz
- Departamento de Fisiología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Agustín Cota-Coronado
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Claudia Hernández-Jiménez
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos C Bravo-Reyna
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nestor E Díaz-Martínez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico.
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11
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Sala D, Giachetti A, Rosato A. Insights into the Dynamics of the Human Zinc Transporter ZnT8 by MD Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:901-912. [PMID: 33508935 PMCID: PMC8023586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ZnT8 is a human zinc(II) transporter expressed at the membrane of secretory granules where it contributes to insulin storage importing zinc ions from the cytosol. In the human population, the two most common ZnT8 variants carry an arginine (R325) or a tryptophan (W325) in position 325. The former variant has the most efficient kinetics in zinc transport and has been correlated to a higher risk of developing insulin resistance. On the contrary, the W325 variant is less active and protects against type-2-diabetes. Here, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the main differences between the R325 and W325 variants in the interaction with zinc(II) ions. Our simulations suggested that the position of the metal ion within the transport site was not the same for the two variants, underlying a different rearrangement of the transmembrane (TM) helices in the channel. The W325 variant featured a peculiar zinc environment not detected in the experimental structures. With respect to conformational dynamics, we observed that the R325 variant was significantly more flexible than W325, with the main role played by the transmembrane domain (TMD) and the C-terminal domain (CTD). This dynamics affected the packing of the TM helices and thus the channel accessibility from the cytosol. The dimer interface that keeps the two TM channels in contact became looser in both variants upon zinc binding to the transport site, suggesting that this may be an important step toward the switch from the inward- to the outward-facing state of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Sala
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Andrea Giachetti
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario di Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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12
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Mashal S, Khanfar M, Al-Khalayfa S, Srour L, Mustafa L, Hakooz NM, Zayed AA, Khader YS, Azab B. SLC30A8 gene polymorphism rs13266634 associated with increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordanian population. Gene 2020; 768:145279. [PMID: 33161057 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs13266634 in the Solute carrier family 30 member 8 (SLC30A8) gene as a risk factor to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nevertheless, other studies reported controversial findings of no significant association between the rs13266634 with T2DM. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of this SNP with T2DM among Jordanian population in addition to define its corresponding allelic and genotypic frequencies. METHOD This case-control study enrolled 358 T2DM patients and 326 healthy controls who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Blood samples were collected from all participants and were used for the rs13266634 SNP genotyping by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. RESULTS We demonstrated a significant association between the C/T rs13266634 SNP and T2DM among Jordanian population. A significant difference was found between the cases and controls regarding the allelic (P = 0.003) distribution. Compared to people having T allele, those with C allele had higher risk of T2DM (OR = 1.47 ; 95% CI: 1.14 - 1.89; P = 0.003). Having a CC genotype versus TT genotype was significantly associated with increased risk to T2DM (OR = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.16 - 5.12; P = 0.019) after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI. Under the recessive model, subjects with CC genotype were more likely to have T2DM compared to those with CT or TT genotypes, (OR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.18 - 2.26; P = 0.003) after adjusting for age, gender and BMI. CONCLUSION The rs13266634 SNP is significantly associated with T2DM susceptibility among Jordanian Population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Mashal
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, PO Box: 13617, Queen Rania St., Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mariam Khanfar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Sawsan Al-Khalayfa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, PO Box: 13617, Queen Rania St., Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Luma Srour
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, PO Box: 13617, Queen Rania St., Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Lina Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, PO Box: 13617, Queen Rania St., Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Nancy M Hakooz
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, PO Box: 13617, Queen Rania St., Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ayman A Zayed
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Jordan University Hospital, PO Box: 13617, Queen Rania St., Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Yousef S Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Bilal Azab
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, PO Box: 13617, Queen Rania St., Amman 11942, Jordan; Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States.
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13
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Schumann T, König J, Henke C, Willmes DM, Bornstein SR, Jordan J, Fromm MF, Birkenfeld AL. Solute Carrier Transporters as Potential Targets for the Treatment of Metabolic Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:343-379. [PMID: 31882442 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.015735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The solute carrier (SLC) superfamily comprises more than 400 transport proteins mediating the influx and efflux of substances such as ions, nucleotides, and sugars across biological membranes. Over 80 SLC transporters have been linked to human diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This observation highlights the importance of SLCs for human (patho)physiology. Yet, only a small number of SLC proteins are validated drug targets. The most recent drug class approved for the treatment of T2D targets sodium-glucose cotransporter 2, product of the SLC5A2 gene. There is great interest in identifying other SLC transporters as potential targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Finding better treatments will prove essential in future years, given the enormous personal and socioeconomic burden posed by more than 500 million patients with T2D by 2040 worldwide. In this review, we summarize the evidence for SLC transporters as target structures in metabolic disease. To this end, we identified SLC13A5/sodium-coupled citrate transporter, and recent proof-of-concept studies confirm its therapeutic potential in T2D and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Further SLC transporters were linked in multiple genome-wide association studies to T2D or related metabolic disorders. In addition to presenting better-characterized potential therapeutic targets, we discuss the likely unnoticed link between other SLC transporters and metabolic disease. Recognition of their potential may promote research on these proteins for future medical management of human metabolic diseases such as obesity, fatty liver disease, and T2D. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Given the fact that the prevalence of human metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes has dramatically risen, pharmacological intervention will be a key future approach to managing their burden and reducing mortality. In this review, we present the evidence for solute carrier (SLC) genes associated with human metabolic diseases and discuss the potential of SLC transporters as therapeutic target structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Schumann
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Jörg König
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Christine Henke
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Diana M Willmes
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Jens Jordan
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Martin F Fromm
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
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Syring KE, Bosma KJ, Goleva SB, Singh K, Oeser JK, Lopez CA, Skaar EP, McGuinness OP, Davis LK, Powell DR, O’Brien RM. Potential positive and negative consequences of ZnT8 inhibition. J Endocrinol 2020; 246:189-205. [PMID: 32485672 PMCID: PMC7351606 DOI: 10.1530/joe-20-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SLC30A8 encodes the zinc transporter ZnT8. SLC30A8 haploinsufficiency protects against type 2 diabetes (T2D), suggesting that ZnT8 inhibitors may prevent T2D. We show here that, while adult chow fed Slc30a8 haploinsufficient and knockout (KO) mice have normal glucose tolerance, they are protected against diet-induced obesity (DIO), resulting in improved glucose tolerance. We hypothesize that this protection against DIO may represent one mechanism whereby SLC30A8 haploinsufficiency protects against T2D in humans and that, while SLC30A8 is predominantly expressed in pancreatic islet beta cells, this may involve a role for ZnT8 in extra-pancreatic tissues. Consistent with this latter concept we show in humans, using electronic health record-derived phenotype analyses, that the 'C' allele of the non-synonymous rs13266634 SNP, which confers a gain of ZnT8 function, is associated not only with increased T2D risk and blood glucose, but also with increased risk for hemolytic anemia and decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH). In Slc30a8 KO mice, MCH was unchanged but reticulocytes, platelets and lymphocytes were elevated. Both young and adult Slc30a8 KO mice exhibit a delayed rise in insulin after glucose injection, but only the former exhibit increased basal insulin clearance and impaired glucose tolerance. Young Slc30a8 KO mice also exhibit elevated pancreatic G6pc2 gene expression, potentially mediated by decreased islet zinc levels. These data indicate that the absence of ZnT8 results in a transient impairment in some aspects of metabolism during development. These observations in humans and mice suggest the potential for negative effects associated with T2D prevention using ZnT8 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E. Syring
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Karin J. Bosma
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Slavina B. Goleva
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Kritika Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - James K. Oeser
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Christopher A. Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Eric P. Skaar
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Owen P. McGuinness
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Lea K. Davis
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - David R. Powell
- Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, 8800 Technology Forest Place, The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Richard M. O’Brien
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, 8415 MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 37232-0615,
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15
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ZnT8 Haploinsufficiency Impacts MIN6 Cell Zinc Content and β-Cell Phenotype via ZIP-ZnT8 Coregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215485. [PMID: 31690008 PMCID: PMC6861948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The zinc transporter ZnT8 (SLC30A8) localises to insulin secretory granules of β-cells where it facilitates zinc uptake for insulin crystallisation. ZnT8 abundance has been linked to β-cell survival and functional phenotype. However, the consequences of ZnT8 haploinsufficiency for β-cell zinc trafficking and function remain unclear. Since investigations in human populations have shown SLC30A8 truncating polymorphisms to decrease the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes, we hypothesised that ZnT8 haploinsufficiency would improve β-cell function and maintain the endocrine phenotype. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate ZnT8 haploinsufficient mouse MIN6 β-cells and showed that ZnT8 haploinsufficiency is associated with downregulation of mRNAs for Slc39a8 and Slc39a14, which encode for the zinc importers, Znt- and Irt-related proteins 8 (ZIP8) and 14 (ZIP14), and with lowered total cellular zinc content. ZnT8 haploinsufficiency disrupts expression of a distinct array of important β-cell markers, decreases cellular proliferation via mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascades and downregulates insulin gene expression. Thus, ZnT8 cooperates with zinc importers of the ZIP family to maintain β-cell zinc homeostasis. In contrast to the hypothesis, lowered ZnT8 expression reduces MIN6 cell survival by affecting zinc-dependent transcription factors that control the β-cell phenotype.
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16
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Zhao T, Huang Q, Su Y, Sun W, Huang Q, Wei W. Zinc and its regulators in pancreas. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:453-464. [PMID: 30756223 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00573-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D) is influenced by common polymorphism in the zinc transporter 8 gene SLC30A8, providing novel insight into the role of zinc in diabetes. Intriguingly, zinc participates in every step of the process, including insulin synthesis, crystallization, storage, secretion and signaling. Zinc deficiency or overload is associated with various disorders, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity. Zinc supplementation is considered as an effective means of treating or preventing T2D in people with certain SLC30A8 genotypes. Three important protein families-zinc transporters (ZnTs), zinc importers (ZiPs) and metallothionein (MT)-participate in maintaining zinc homeostasis. Here, we review research on the physiological characteristics of zinc and its role in the pancreas and homeostasis regulation mechanisms, along with the latest research on the structure and function of ZnT/ZiP and MT. In addition, we summarize the advancements in research on SLC30A8 gene polymorphism in search of a mechanism to explain the relationship between the R risk allele and zinc transporter activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiongfang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yangni Su
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wuyi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
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17
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Giacconi R, Malavolta M, Chiodi L, Boccoli G, Costarelli L, Bonfigli AR, Galeazzi R, Piacenza F, Basso A, Gasparini N, Nisi L, Testa R, Provinciali M. ZnT8 Arg325Trp polymorphism influences zinc transporter expression and cytokine production in PBMCs from patients with diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 144:102-110. [PMID: 30142362 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS ZnT8 Arg325Trp polymorphism has been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) susceptibility. The Arg-325 risk variant shows accelerated zinc (Zn) transport kinetic and reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic cells. However, it remains unexplored the role of Znt8 polymorphism in the regulation of Zn homeostasis and inflammatory response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T2DM patients. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 556 healthy controls and 413 T2DM patients were genotyped for ZnT8 Arg325Trp polymorphism confirming the association of Arg-325 variant with an increased T2DM risk (OR = 1.35 95% C.I: 1.10-1.66; p = 0.0044). Moreover, PBMCs from Arg/Arg T2DM subjects showed increased intracellular free Zn, higher gene expression of Metallothioneins, Znt1, Znt8, Zip2 genes, and reduced Znt4 and Znt7. Higher release of IL-1α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-12p70 and TNF-α and a reduced IL-10 secretion after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation were observed in PBMCs from Arg/Arg T2DM carriers as compared to subjects with the Trp variant. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide evidence of a substantial different Zn homeostasis regulation between Znt8 Arg-325 and Trp-325 carriers in PBMCs from T2DM patients. Moreover, Znt8 Arg-325 risk variant shows an enhanced inflammatory response upon LPS stimulation that might aggravate insulin resistance and the progression of diabetes cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Giacconi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy.
| | - M Malavolta
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - L Chiodi
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Boccoli
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - L Costarelli
- Clinical Laboratory & Molecular Diagnostics, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - A R Bonfigli
- Scientific Direction, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - R Galeazzi
- Clinical Laboratory & Molecular Diagnostics, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - F Piacenza
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - A Basso
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - N Gasparini
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - L Nisi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - R Testa
- Clinical Laboratory & Molecular Diagnostics, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Provinciali
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
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18
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Merriman C, Li H, Li H, Fu D. Highly specific monoclonal antibodies for allosteric inhibition and immunodetection of the human pancreatic zinc transporter ZnT8. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16206-16216. [PMID: 30181214 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier family 30 member 8 (SLC30A8), encoding the pancreatic zinc transporter ZnT8, is a susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Reducing ZnT8 transport activity or down-regulating its cellular expression is hypothesized to be an antidiabetogenic strategy mimicking the protective effect of SLC30A8 haploinsufficiency in humans. However, research tools to inhibit ZnT8 activity and measure cellular ZnT8 levels are not available. Here, we report the identification of two anti-ZnT8 mAbs applicable to addressing these unmet needs. Both mAbs exhibited subnanomolar affinities for human ZnT8 and were selective against homologous zinc transporters with distinct cross-species reactivities and epitope recognition. We showed that antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) protected ZnT8 from unfolding and inhibited ZnT8-mediated zinc transport in proteoliposomes. Negative-stain EM revealed a ternary binding complex of a ZnT8 monomer and two different Fabs at a 1:1:1 stoichiometry. Moreover, dual bindings of two different mAbs to a single ZnT8 protein multiplied the individual anti-ZnT8 specificities, enabling quantification of cellular ZnT8 levels by homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF). Our results demonstrate the utilities of the two generated mAbs as allosteric inhibitors and highly specific biosensors of human ZnT8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Merriman
- From the Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 and
| | - Hua Li
- the Cryo-EM Structural Biology Laboratory, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
| | - Huilin Li
- the Cryo-EM Structural Biology Laboratory, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
| | - Dax Fu
- From the Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 and
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19
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Plengvidhya N, Chanprasert C, Chongjaroen N, Yenchitsomanus PT, Homsanit M, Tangjittipokin W. Impact of KCNQ1, CDKN2A/2B, CDKAL1, HHEX, MTNR1B, SLC30A8, TCF7L2, and UBE2E2 on risk of developing type 2 diabetes in Thai population. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:93. [PMID: 29871606 PMCID: PMC5989367 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility loci identified via genome-wide association studies were found to be replicated among various populations. However, the influence of these loci on T2D in Thai population is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reported in GWA studies on T2D and related quantitative traits in Thai population. METHODS Eight SNPs in or near the KCNQ1, CDKN2A/2B, SLC30A8, HHEX, CDKAL1, TCF7L2, MTNR1B, and UBE2E2 genes were genotyped. A case-control association study comprising 500 Thai patients with T2D and 500 ethnically-matched control subjects was conducted. Associations between SNPs and T2D were examined by logistic regression analysis. The impact of these SNPs on quantitative traits was examined by linear regression among case and control subjects. RESULTS Five SNPs in KCNQ1 (rs2237892), CDK2A/2B (rs108116610, SLC30A8 (rs13266634), TCF7L2 (rs7903146) and MTNR1B (rs1387153) were found to be marginally associated with risk of developing T2D, with odds ratios ranging from 1.43 to 2.02 (p = 0.047 to 3.0 × 10-4) with adjustments for age, sex, and body mass index. Interestingly, SNP rs13266634 of SLC30A8 gene reached statistical significance after correcting for multiple testing (p = 0.0003) (p < 0.006 after Bonferroni correction). However, no significant association was detected between HHEX (rs1111875), CDKAL1 (rs7756992), or UBE2E2 (rs7612463) and T2D. We also observed association between rs10811661 and both waist circumference and waist-hip ratio (p = 0.007 and p = 0.023, respectively). In addition, rs13266634 in SLC30A8 was associated with glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.018), and rs7903146 in TCF7L2 was associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (p = 0.023). CONCLUSION Of the eight genes included in our analysis, significant association was observed between KCNQ1, CDKN2A/2B, SLC30A8, TCF7L2, and MTNR1B loci and T2D in our Thai study population. Of these, CDKN2A/2B, SLC30A8, and TCF7L2 genes were also significantly associated with anthropometric, glycemic and lipid characteristics. Larger cohort studies and meta-analyses are needed to further confirm the effect of these variants in Thai population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattachet Plengvidhya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutima Chanprasert
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Research Division, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nalinee Chongjaroen
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pa-thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mayuree Homsanit
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watip Tangjittipokin
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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20
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Parsons DS, Hogstrand C, Maret W. The C-terminal cytosolic domain of the human zinc transporter ZnT8 and its diabetes risk variant. FEBS J 2018; 285:1237-1250. [PMID: 29430817 PMCID: PMC5947572 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A significant aspect of the control of cellular zinc in eukarya is its subcellular re‐distribution. One of the four human vesicular zinc transporters, ZnT8, supplies the millimolar zinc concentrations of insulin granules in pancreatic β‐cells, affecting insulin processing, crystallisation and secretion. ZnT8 has a transmembrane and a C‐terminal cytosolic domain; the latter has important functions and purportedly mediates protein–protein interactions, senses cytosolic zinc and/or channels zinc to the transport site in the transmembrane domain (TMD). A common variant W325R in the C‐terminal domain (CTD) increases the risk to develop type 2 diabetes and affects autoantibody specificity in type 1 diabetes. To investigate the differences between the two protein variants, we purified and biophysically characterised both variants of the ZnT8 CTD [R325 variant of ZnT8 CTD (aa267–369) (ZnT8cR) and W325 variant of ZnT8 CTD (aa267–369) (ZnT8cW)]. The domains fold independently of the TMD. Remarkably, the ZnT8cW variant (diabetes protection in the full‐length protein) is less thermostable than the ZnT8cR variant (diabetes risk in the full‐length protein). The ZnT8cW monomers associate with higher affinity. Both CTD variants bind zinc with a stoichiometry that differs from bacterial homologues, emphasising the limitation of the latter as models for the structure and function of the human proteins. The relatively small but reproducible differences between the two ZnT8 CTD variants begin to provide a molecular basis for the different diabetes susceptibility caused by the full‐length ZnT8 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Parsons
- Metal Metabolism Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Metal Metabolism Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- Metal Metabolism Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
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21
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Role of Zinc Homeostasis in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020476. [PMID: 29415457 PMCID: PMC5855698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc deficiency is a risk factor for obesity and diabetes. However, until recently, the underlying molecular mechanisms remained unclear. The breakthrough discovery that the common polymorphism in zinc transporter SLC30A8/ZnT8 may increase susceptibility to type 2 diabetes provided novel insights into the role of zinc in diabetes. Our group and others showed that altered ZnT8 function may be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, indicating that the precise control of zinc homeostasis is crucial for maintaining health and preventing various diseases, including lifestyle-associated diseases. Recently, the role of the zinc transporter ZIP13 in the regulation of beige adipocyte biogenesis was clarified, which indicated zinc homeostasis regulation as a possible therapeutic target for obesity and metabolic syndrome. Here we review advances in the role of zinc homeostasis in the pathophysiology of diabetes, and propose that inadequate zinc distribution may affect the onset of diabetes and metabolic diseases by regulating various critical biological events.
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22
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Li YY, Lu XZ, Wang H, Yang XX, Geng HY, Gong G, Zhan YY, Kim HJ, Yang ZJ. Solute Carrier Family 30 Member 8 Gene 807C/T Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Chinese Population: A Meta-Analysis Including 6,942 Subjects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:263. [PMID: 29875737 PMCID: PMC5974095 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter) member 8 (SLC30A8) gene 807C/T polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk, there remains some inconsistency between individual studies. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between SLC30A8 gene 807C/T polymorphism and T2DM in the Chinese population. METHODS The current meta-analysis compiles and analyzes the data of 6,942 participants from 10 independent studies. Either a fixed or random-effects model was adopted to evaluate the pooled odds ratio (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS A significant association between SLC30A8 gene 807C/T polymorphism and T2DM was found in the Chinese population under allelic (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.80-0.91, P = 7.42 × 10-7), recessive (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.38-0.72, P = 8.49 × 10-5), dominant (OR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.68-3.41, P = 1.30 × 10-6), homozygous (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.40-0.67, P = 2.90 × 10-7), heterozygous (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.71-0.88, P = 1.63 × 10-5), and additive genetic models (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.64-0.83, P = 7.05 × 10-7). CONCLUSION SLC30A8 gene 807C/T polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased T2DM risk in the Chinese population. Therefore, individuals of Chinese descent with the C allele of SLC30A8 gene 807C/T polymorphism may be more susceptible to developing T2DM, while individuals with the T allele may be protected against T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Li
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Gerontology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Yan Li,
| | - Xin-Zheng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Xing Yang
- Department of Gerontology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Yu Geng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Baoding First Center Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Ge Gong
- Department of Gerontology, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Yang Zhan
- Department of Gerontology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hyun Jun Kim
- Department of Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Zhi-Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Norouzi S, Adulcikas J, Sohal SS, Myers S. Zinc transporters and insulin resistance: therapeutic implications for type 2 diabetes and metabolic disease. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:87. [PMID: 29157234 PMCID: PMC5694903 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0394-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc is a metal ion that is essential for growth and development, immunity, and metabolism, and therefore vital for life. Recent studies have highlighted zinc's dynamic role as an insulin mimetic and a cellular second messenger that controls many processes associated with insulin signaling and other downstream pathways that are amendable to glycemic control. MAIN BODY Mechanisms that contribute to the decompartmentalization of zinc and dysfunctional zinc transporter mechanisms, including zinc signaling are associated with metabolic disease, including type 2 diabetes. The actions of the proteins involved in the uptake, storage, compartmentalization and distribution of zinc in cells is under intense investigation. Of these, emerging research has highlighted a role for several zinc transporters in the initiation of zinc signaling events in cells that lead to metabolic processes associated with maintaining insulin sensitivity and thus glycemic homeostasis. CONCLUSION This raises the possibility that zinc transporters could provide novel utility to be targeted experimentally and in a clinical setting to treat patients with insulin resistance and thus introduce a new class of drug target with utility for diabetes pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Norouzi
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham Campus, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - John Adulcikas
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham Campus, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham Campus, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Stephen Myers
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham Campus, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia.
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24
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Nikitin AG, Potapov VY, Brovkina OI, Koksharova EO, Khodyrev DS, Philippov YI, Michurova MS, Shamkhalova MS, Vikulova OK, Smetanina SA, Suplotova LA, Kononenko IV, Kalashnikov VY, Smirnova OM, Mayorov AY, Nosikov VV, Averyanov AV, Shestakova MV. Association of polymorphic markers of genes FTO, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, and CDKN2B with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Russian population. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3414. [PMID: 28717589 PMCID: PMC5511504 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, CDKN2B, and FTO genes in the Russian population has not been well studied. In this study, we analysed the population frequencies of polymorphic markers of these genes. Methods The study included 862 patients with T2DM and 443 control subjects of Russian origin. All subjects were genotyped for 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes using real-time PCR (TaqMan assays). HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were used to measure insulin resistance and β-cell secretory function, respectively. Results The analysis of the frequency distribution of polymorphic markers for genes KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8 and CDKN2B showed statistically significant associations with T2DM in the Russian population. The association between the FTO gene and T2DM was not statistically significant. The polymorphic markers rs5219 of the KCNJ11 gene, rs13266634 of the SLC30A8 gene, rs10811661 of the CDKN2B gene and rs9465871, rs7756992 and rs10946398 of the CDKAL1 gene showed a significant association with impaired glucose metabolism or impaired β-cell function. Conclusion In the Russian population, genes, which affect insulin synthesis and secretion in the β-cells of the pancreas, play a central role in the development of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey G Nikitin
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Viktor Y Potapov
- Clinic of New Medical Technologies "Archimedes", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga I Brovkina
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Dmitry S Khodyrev
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | | | - Olga K Vikulova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Irina V Kononenko
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Olga M Smirnova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Y Mayorov
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valery V Nosikov
- State Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Averyanov
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina V Shestakova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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25
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Yu ACS, Li JW, Chan TF. Using genetics to inform new therapeutics for diabetes. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2017; 12:159-169. [PMID: 30063460 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2017.1323631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The genetic architecture of diabetes has been extensively studied. Numerous genetic markers for diabetes have been reported. However, the translation of such knowledge into clinical interventions has been inadequate. Areas covered: We performed a literature search on various frontiers in diabetes treatment that could be improved using genetic information: (1) understanding the mechanisms of existing antidiabetic drugs, (2) repurposing existing drugs for the treatment of diabetes, (3) complementing clinical trial findings; (4) finding novel treatment approaches; (5) better estimation of the efficacy of metabolic surgery. Expert commentary: The translation of genetic information to clinical intervention requires further study, including the development of an appropriate genetic risk score algorithm for type 2 diabetes. Genomic studies provide empirical explanations for clinical trial findings. Moreover, the mechanisms of antidiabetic drugs should be thoroughly investigated to enable clinical trials and pharmacogenomics studies of these drugs. As metabolic surgery becomes more prevalent for the treatment of diabetes, genetic approaches may improve patient prioritization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Chi-Shing Yu
- a School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jing-Woei Li
- a School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR
- b Faculty of Medicine , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ting-Fung Chan
- a School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR
- c CUHK-BGI Innovation Institute of Transomics , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR
- d Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR
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26
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Gerber PA, Rutter GA. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Hypoxia in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:501-518. [PMID: 27225690 PMCID: PMC5372767 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Metabolic syndrome is a frequent precursor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), a disease that currently affects ∼8% of the adult population worldwide. Pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and loss are central to the disease process, although understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is still fragmentary. Recent Advances: Oversupply of nutrients, including glucose and fatty acids, and the subsequent overstimulation of beta cells, are believed to be an important contributor to insulin secretory failure in T2D. Hypoxia has also recently been implicated in beta-cell damage. Accumulating evidence points to a role for oxidative stress in both processes. Although the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) results from enhanced mitochondrial respiration during stimulation with glucose and other fuels, the expression of antioxidant defense genes is unusually low (or disallowed) in beta cells. CRITICAL ISSUES Not all subjects with metabolic syndrome and hyperglycemia go on to develop full-blown diabetes, implying an important role in disease risk for gene-environment interactions. Possession of common risk alleles at the SLC30A8 locus, encoding the beta-cell granule zinc transporter ZnT8, may affect cytosolic Zn2+ concentrations and thus susceptibility to hypoxia and oxidative stress. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Loss of normal beta-cell function, rather than total mass, is increasingly considered to be the major driver for impaired insulin secretion in diabetes. Better understanding of the role of oxidative changes, its modulation by genes involved in disease risk, and effects on beta-cell identity may facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies to this disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 501-518.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp A. Gerber
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Wong WP, Allen NB, Meyers MS, Link EO, Zhang X, MacRenaris KW, El Muayed M. Exploring the Association Between Demographics, SLC30A8 Genotype, and Human Islet Content of Zinc, Cadmium, Copper, Iron, Manganese and Nickel. Sci Rep 2017; 7:473. [PMID: 28352089 PMCID: PMC5428289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A widely prevalent single nucleotide polymorphism, rs13266634 in the SLC30A8 gene encoding the zinc transporter ZnT8, is associated with an increased risk for T2DM. ZnT8 is mostly expressed in pancreatic insulin-producing islets of Langerhans. The effect of this variant on the divalent metal profile in human islets is unknown. Additionally, essential and non-essential divalent metal content of human islets under normal environmental exposure conditions has not been described. We therefore examined the correlation of zinc and other divalent metals in human islets with rs13266634 genotype and demographic characteristics. We found that the diabetes risk genotype C/C at rs13266634 is associated with higher islet Zn concentration (C/C genotype: 16792 ± 1607, n = 22, C/T genotype: 11221 ± 1245, n = 18 T/T genotype: 11543 ± 6054, n = 3, all values expressed as mean nmol/g protein ± standard error of the mean, p = 0.040 by ANOVA). A positive correlation between islet cadmium content and both age (p = 0.048, R2 = 0.09) and female gender (women: 36.88 ± 4.11 vs men: 21.22 ± 3.65 nmol/g protein, p = 0.007) was observed. Our results suggest that the T2DM risk allele C is associated with higher islet zinc levels and support prior evidence of cadmium's higher bioavailability in women and its long tissue half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winifred P Wong
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Norrina B Allen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Matthew S Meyers
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Emma O Link
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Keith W MacRenaris
- The Chemistry of Life Processes Institute and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Malek El Muayed
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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28
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Rosta K, Al-Aissa Z, Hadarits O, Harreiter J, Nádasdi Á, Kelemen F, Bancher-Todesca D, Komlósi Z, Németh L, Rigó J, Sziller I, Somogyi A, Kautzky-Willer A, Firneisz G. Association Study with 77 SNPs Confirms the Robust Role for the rs10830963/G of MTNR1B Variant and Identifies Two Novel Associations in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Development. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169781. [PMID: 28072873 PMCID: PMC5224877 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Genetic variation in human maternal DNA contributes to the susceptibility for development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). OBJECTIVE We assessed 77 maternal single nucleotide gene polymorphisms (SNPs) for associations with GDM or plasma glucose levels at OGTT in pregnancy. METHODS 960 pregnant women (after dropouts 820: case/control: m99'WHO: 303/517, IADPSG: 287/533) were enrolled in two countries into this case-control study. After genomic DNA isolation the 820 samples were collected in a GDM biobank and assessed using KASP (LGC Genomics) genotyping assay. Logistic regression risk models were used to calculate ORs according to IADPSG/m'99WHO criteria based on standard OGTT values. RESULTS The most important risk alleles associated with GDM were rs10830963/G of MTNR1B (OR = 1.84/1.64 [IADPSG/m'99WHO], p = 0.0007/0.006), rs7754840/C (OR = 1.51/NS, p = 0.016) of CDKAL1 and rs1799884/T (OR = 1.4/1.56, p = 0.04/0.006) of GCK. The rs13266634/T (SLC30A8, OR = 0.74/0.71, p = 0.05/0.02) and rs7578326/G (LOC646736/IRS1, OR = 0.62/0.60, p = 0.001/0.006) variants were associated with lower risk to develop GDM. Carrying a minor allele of rs10830963 (MTNR1B); rs7903146 (TCF7L2); rs1799884 (GCK) SNPs were associated with increased plasma glucose levels at routine OGTT. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed the robust association of MTNR1B rs10830963/G variant with GDM binary and glycemic traits in this Caucasian case-control study. As novel associations we report the minor, G allele of the rs7578326 SNP in the LOC646736/IRS1 region as a significant and the rs13266634/T SNP (SLC30A8) as a suggestive protective variant against GDM development. Genetic susceptibility appears to be more preponderant in individuals who meet both the modified 99'WHO and the IADPSG GDM diagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Rosta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zahra Al-Aissa
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Hadarits
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jürgen Harreiter
- Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ákos Nádasdi
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Kelemen
- University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Zsolt Komlósi
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Németh
- Department of Probability Theory and Statistics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Rigó
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Sziller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Szent Imre Teaching Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anikó Somogyi
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gábor Firneisz
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences - Semmelweis University, Molecular Medicine Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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29
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Syring KE, Boortz KA, Oeser JK, Ustione A, Platt KA, Shadoan MK, McGuinness OP, Piston DW, Powell DR, O'Brien RM. Combined Deletion of Slc30a7 and Slc30a8 Unmasks a Critical Role for ZnT8 in Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4534-4541. [PMID: 27754787 PMCID: PMC5133349 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the SLC30A8 gene, which encodes the ZnT8 zinc transporter, are associated with altered susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and SLC30A8 haploinsufficiency is protective against the development of T2D in obese humans. SLC30A8 is predominantly expressed in pancreatic islet β-cells, but surprisingly, multiple knockout mouse studies have shown little effect of Slc30a8 deletion on glucose tolerance or glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Multiple other Slc30a isoforms are expressed at low levels in pancreatic islets. We hypothesized that functional compensation by the Slc30a7 isoform, which encodes ZnT7, limits the impact of Slc30a8 deletion on islet function. We therefore analyzed the effect of Slc30a7 deletion alone or in combination with Slc30a8 on in vivo glucose metabolism and GSIS in isolated islets. Deletion of Slc30a7 alone had complex effects in vivo, impairing glucose tolerance and reducing the glucose-stimulated increase in plasma insulin levels, hepatic glycogen levels, and pancreatic insulin content. Slc30a7 deletion also affected islet morphology and increased the ratio of islet α- to β-cells. However, deletion of Slc30a7 alone had no effect on GSIS in isolated islets, whereas combined deletion of Slc30a7 and Slc30a8 abolished GSIS. These data demonstrate that the function of ZnT8 in islets can be unmasked by removal of ZnT7 and imply that ZnT8 may affect T2D susceptibility through actions in other tissues where it is expressed at low levels rather than through effects on pancreatic islet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Syring
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Kayla A Boortz
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - James K Oeser
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Alessandro Ustione
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Kenneth A Platt
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Melanie K Shadoan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Owen P McGuinness
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - David W Piston
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - David R Powell
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Richard M O'Brien
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
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Aydemir TB, Troche C, Kim MH, Cousins RJ. Hepatic ZIP14-mediated Zinc Transport Contributes to Endosomal Insulin Receptor Trafficking and Glucose Metabolism. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23939-23951. [PMID: 27703010 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.748632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc influences signaling pathways through controlled targeted zinc transport. Zinc transporter Zip14 KO mice display a phenotype that includes impaired intestinal barrier function with low grade chronic inflammation, hyperinsulinemia, and increased body fat, which are signatures of diet-induced diabetes (type 2 diabetes) and obesity in humans. Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes and obesity is caused by insulin resistance. Insulin resistance results in inhibition of glucose uptake by liver and other peripheral tissues, principally adipose and muscle and with concurrently higher hepatic glucose production. Therefore, modulation of hepatic glucose metabolism is an important target for antidiabetic treatment approaches. We demonstrate that during glucose uptake, cell surface abundance of zinc transporter ZIP14 and mediated zinc transport increases. Zinc is distributed to multiple sites in hepatocytes through sequential translocation of ZIP14 from plasma membrane to early and late endosomes. Endosomes from Zip14 KO mice were zinc-deficient because activities of the zinc-dependent insulin-degrading proteases insulin-degrading enzyme and cathepsin D were impaired; hence insulin receptor activity increased. Transient increases in cytosolic zinc levels are concurrent with glucose uptake and suppression of glycogen synthesis. In contrast, Zip14 KO mice exhibited greater hepatic glycogen synthesis and impaired gluconeogenesis and glycolysis related to low cytosolic zinc levels. We can conclude that ZIP14-mediated zinc transport contributes to regulation of endosomal insulin receptor activity and glucose homeostasis in hepatocytes. Therefore, modulation of ZIP14 transport activity presents a new target for management of diabetes and other glucose-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolunay Beker Aydemir
- From the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department and Center for Nutritional Sciences College of Agricultural and Life Sciences and
| | - Catalina Troche
- From the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department and Center for Nutritional Sciences College of Agricultural and Life Sciences and
| | - Min-Hyun Kim
- From the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department and Center for Nutritional Sciences College of Agricultural and Life Sciences and
| | - Robert J Cousins
- From the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department and Center for Nutritional Sciences College of Agricultural and Life Sciences and .,the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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31
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Dereke J, Palmqvist S, Nilsson C, Landin-Olsson M, Hillman M. The prevalence and predictive value of the SLC30A8 R325W polymorphism and zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies in the development of GDM and postpartum type 1 diabetes. Endocrine 2016; 53:740-6. [PMID: 27003436 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to evaluate possible associations between the SLC30A8 R325W polymorphism and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as well as postpartum development of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, we wanted to confirm the prevalence of zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A), as previously reported, in a larger population and study its predictive value in relation to other β cell specific autoantibodies in postpartum development of type 1 diabetes. Women diagnosed with GDM (n = 776) and women without diabetes (n = 511) were included in the study. Autoantibodies were analyzed in all women using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DNA was extracted when possible from women with GDM (n = 536) and all of the controls. R325W was detected through polymerase chain reaction and specific restriction digestion. The R325W C-allele were more frequent in women with GDM compared to in controls (OR 1.47, 95 % CI 1.16-1.88, p = 0.0018) but not significantly increased in women with GDM and postpartum development of type 2 diabetes. Autoantibodies were found in 6.8 % (53/776) of the women with GDM and approximately 3.2 % (25/776) were ZnT8A positive. Approximately 19 % (10/53) of the autoantibody positive women with GDM developed postpartum type 1 diabetes. In conclusion, this is the first study to report a significant association between the R325W C-allele and increased risk of developing GDM. All of the autoantibody positive women with GDM who developed postpartum type 1 diabetes were positive for autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA). Thus ZnT8A did not have any additional predictive value in postpartum development of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Dereke
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Sanna Palmqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden
| | - Mona Landin-Olsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hillman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
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Abstract
This article describes phenotypes observed in a prediabetic population (i.e. a population with increased risk for type 2 diabetes) from data collected at the University hospital of Tübingen. We discuss the impact of genetic variation on insulin secretion, in particular the effect on compensatory hypersecretion, and the incretin-resistant phenotype of carriers of the gene variant TCF7L2 is described. Imaging studies used to characterise subphenotypes of fat distribution, metabolically healthy obesity and metabolically unhealthy obesity are described. Also discussed are ectopic fat stores in liver and pancreas that determine the phenotype of metabolically healthy and unhealthy fatty liver and the recently recognised phenotype of fatty pancreas. The metabolic impact of perivascular adipose tissue and pancreatic fat is discussed. The role of hepatokines, particularly that of fetuin-A, in the crosstalk between these organs is described. Finally, the role of brain insulin resistance in the development of the different prediabetes phenotypes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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Fichna M, Rogowicz-Frontczak A, Żurawek M, Fichna P, Gryczyńska M, Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz D, Ruchała M. Positive autoantibodies to ZnT8 indicate elevated risk for additional autoimmune conditions in patients with Addison's disease. Endocrine 2016; 53:249-57. [PMID: 26972575 PMCID: PMC4901090 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) associates with exceptional susceptibility to develop other autoimmune conditions, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), marked by positive serum autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2A). Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is a new T1D autoantigen, encoded by the SLC30A8 gene. Its polymorphic variant rs13266634C/T seems associated with the occurrence of serum ZnT8 antibodies (ZnT8A). This study was designed to determine the prevalence of serum ZnT8A and their clinical implication in 140 AAD patients. Other beta cell and thyroid-specific autoantibodies were also investigated, and ZnT8A results were confronted with the rs13266634 genotype. ZnT8A were detectable in 8.5 %, GADA in 20.7 %, IA-2A in 5.7 %, IAA in 1.6 % and various anti-thyroid antibodies in 7.1-67.8 % individuals. Type 1 diabetes was found in 10 % AAD patients. ZnT8A were positive in 57.1 % of T1D patients and 3.4 % non-diabetic AAD. Analysis of ZnT8A enabled to identify autoimmunity in two (14.3 %) T1D individuals previously classified as autoantibody-negative. ZnT8A-positive patients revealed significantly higher number of autoimmune conditions (p < 0.001), increased prevalence of T1D (p < 0.001) and other beta cell-specific autoantibodies. Carriers of the rs13266634 T-allele displayed increased frequency (p = 0.006) and higher titres of ZnT8A (p = 0.002). Our study demonstrates high incidence of ZnT8A in AAD patients. ZnT8A are associated with coexisting T1D and predictive of T1D in non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, positive ZnT8A in AAD indicate elevated risk for additional autoimmune conditions. Autoantibodies to beta cell antigens, comprising ZnT8, could be included in routine screening panels in AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fichna
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego, 60-355, Poznan, Poland.
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Anita Rogowicz-Frontczak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Żurawek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Fichna
- Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Gryczyńska
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
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Imaging trace element distributions in single organelles and subcellular features. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21437. [PMID: 26911251 PMCID: PMC4766485 DOI: 10.1038/srep21437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The distributions of chemical elements within cells are of prime importance in a wide range of basic and applied biochemical research. An example is the role of the subcellular Zn distribution in Zn homeostasis in insulin producing pancreatic beta cells and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We combined transmission electron microscopy with micro- and nano-synchrotron X-ray fluorescence to image unequivocally for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the natural elemental distributions, including those of trace elements, in single organelles and other subcellular features. Detected elements include Cl, K, Ca, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd (which some cells were supplemented with). Cell samples were prepared by a technique that minimally affects the natural elemental concentrations and distributions, and without using fluorescent indicators. It could likely be applied to all cell types and provide new biochemical insights at the single organelle level not available from organelle population level studies.
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Yi B, Huang G, Zhou Z. Different role of zinc transporter 8 between type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig 2016; 7:459-65. [PMID: 27181765 PMCID: PMC4931192 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes can be simply classified into type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8), a novel islet autoantigen, is specifically expressed in insulin‐containing secretory granules of β‐cells. Genetic studies show that the genotypes of SLC30A8 can determine either protective or diabetogenic response depending on environmental and lifestyle factors. The ZnT8 protein expression, as well as zinc content in β‐cells, was decreased in diabetic mice. Thus, ZnT8 might participate in insulin biosynthesis and release, and subsequently involved deteriorated β‐cell function through direct or indirect mechanisms in type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus. From a clinical feature standpoint, the prevalence of ZnT8A is gradiently increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults and type 1 diabetes mellitus. The frequency and epitopes of ZnT8‐specific T cells and cytokine release by ZnT8‐specific T cells are also different in diabetic patients and healthy controls. Additionally, the response to ZnT8 administration is also different in type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the present review, we summarize the literature about clinical aspects of ZnT8 in the pathogenesis of diabetes, and suggest that ZnT8 might play a different role between type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yi
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Henninger J, Hammarstedt A, Rawshani A, Eliasson B. Metabolic predictors of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes in a predisposed population--A prospective cohort study. BMC Endocr Disord 2015; 15:51. [PMID: 26407933 PMCID: PMC4583989 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-015-0048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We characterized in detail (oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests (OGTT and IVGTT), euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, adipose tissue biopsy), healthy first-degree relatives (FDR) of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), to examine predictive factors for future development of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or T2D. METHODS Non-diabetic FDR (n = 138, mean age 40.5 ± 6.5 years, 57 % women) underwent an extended OGTT every 3 years to assess any deterioration in glucose tolerance status. Differences between groups were assessed by logistic fit for continuous variables and by contingency analysis for categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to adjust for confounding variables. RESULTS At follow-up (mean 5.6 ± 2.4 years) 19 subjects had IGT and 4 had T2D. At baseline these 23 subjects had more family members with T2D, higher fasting plasma glucose, higher OGTT plasma glucose at 120 min, higher HbA1c, lower M-value and higher total cholesterol compared to subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). There were significantly larger changes in weight, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, OGTT plasma glucose at 120 min and HbA1c in individuals developing IGT or T2D during the follow-up period than the subjects remaining NGT. Crude predictors of deteriorating glucose tolerance were age, family history of diabetes and of hypertension, OGTT plasma glucose levels at 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min, as well as serum bilirubin, ALP and creatinine (p-values <0.05). A multiple nominal logistic regression model revealed that male sex, low M-value and high physical exercise (p-values <0.05) predicted development of IGT/T2DM. CONCLUSION In sum, genetically predisposed individuals for T2D with deteriorating glucose tolerance exhibit insulin resistance as well as beta-cell and signs of adipose tissue dysfunction, emphasizing the multifactorial pathophysiology in the development of IGT and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefin Henninger
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ann Hammarstedt
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Araz Rawshani
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Björn Eliasson
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Kambe T, Tsuji T, Hashimoto A, Itsumura N. The Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Roles of Zinc Transporters in Zinc Homeostasis and Metabolism. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:749-84. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00035.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is involved in a variety of biological processes, as a structural, catalytic, and intracellular and intercellular signaling component. Thus zinc homeostasis is tightly controlled at the whole body, tissue, cellular, and subcellular levels by a number of proteins, with zinc transporters being particularly important. In metazoan, two zinc transporter families, Zn transporters (ZnT) and Zrt-, Irt-related proteins (ZIP) function in zinc mobilization of influx, efflux, and compartmentalization/sequestration across biological membranes. During the last two decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular properties, expression, regulation, and cellular and physiological roles of ZnT and ZIP transporters, which underpin the multifarious functions of zinc. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that malfunctioning zinc homeostasis due to zinc transporter dysfunction results in the onset and progression of a variety of diseases. This review summarizes current progress in our understanding of each ZnT and ZIP transporter from the perspective of zinc physiology and pathogenesis, discussing challenging issues in their structure and zinc transport mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiho Kambe
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tokuji Tsuji
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayako Hashimoto
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Itsumura
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Cederberg H, Stančáková A, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Smith U. Family history of type 2 diabetes increases the risk of both obesity and its complications: is type 2 diabetes a disease of inappropriate lipid storage? J Intern Med 2015; 277:540-51. [PMID: 25041575 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterize diabetes risk in relation to amount and distribution of body fat (environmental factors) and genetic risk defined as having first-degree (FH1) or second-degree relatives with diabetes. DESIGN We analysed the METSIM population of 10 197 middle-aged, randomly selected men. At baseline, information about family history of diabetes was registered and all individuals underwent extensive phenotyping. A follow-up study was conducted after 6 years. The metabolic consequences of increased visceral versus subcutaneous fat were characterized in a separate cohort of 158 healthy men (the Kuopio Cohort of the EUGENE2 study). RESULTS At baseline, individuals with a family history of diabetes (FH+) had approximately a twofold increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes compared with individuals without a family history of the disease (FH-) (18.0% vs. 9.9%; P = 1.3 × 10(-31) ). FH1 individuals were more commonly overweight and obese compared with FH- (69.2% vs. 64.8%; P = 1.3 × 10(-4) ) and, for a given body mass index, showed an increased risk profile for both type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease as well as a greater susceptibility to the negative consequences of increased body fat also when nonobese. Subgroup analyses indicated that the metabolic consequences were due primarily to increased ectopic/visceral fat rather than subcutaneous fat. The increased risk profile in FH+ individuals was not altered by adjusting for 43 major diabetes risk genes. CONCLUSIONS Family history of type 2 diabetes (particularly FH1) is associated with both increased risk of becoming overweight/obese and with a greater susceptibility to the negative consequences of increasing body fat, probably as a consequence of an increased propensity to accumulate ectopic (nonsubcutaneous) fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cederberg
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio and Kuopio University Hospital 2, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Nikitin AG, Potapov VA, Brovkin AN, Lavrikova EY, Khodyrev DS, Shamhalova MS, Smetanina SA, Suplotova LN, Shestakova MV, Nosikov VV, Averyanov AV. Association of FTO, KCNJ11, SLC30A8, and CDKN2B polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893315010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Maruthur NM, Clark JM, Fu M, Linda Kao WH, Shuldiner AR. Effect of zinc supplementation on insulin secretion: interaction between zinc and SLC30A8 genotype in Old Order Amish. Diabetologia 2015; 58:295-303. [PMID: 25348609 PMCID: PMC4505931 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS SLC30A8 encodes a zinc transporter in the beta cell; individuals with a common missense variant (rs13266634; R325W) in SLC30A8 demonstrate a lower early insulin response to glucose and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. We hypothesised that zinc supplementation may improve insulin secretion in a genotype-dependent manner. METHODS We evaluated the early insulin response to glucose (using frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance testing) by R325W genotype before and after 14 days of supplementation with oral zinc acetate (50 mg elemental zinc) twice daily in healthy non-diabetic Amish individuals (N = 55). RESULTS Individuals with RW/WW genotypes (n = 32) had the lowest insulin response to glucose at 5 and 10 min at baseline (vs RR homozygotes [n = 23]). After zinc supplementation, the RW/WW group experienced 15% and 14% increases in the insulin response to glucose at 5 and 10 min, respectively (p ≤ 0.04), and, compared with RR homozygotes, experienced a 26% (p = 0.04) increase in insulin at 5 min. We observed reciprocal decreases in proinsulin:insulin in the RW/WW (p = 0.002) vs RR group (p = 0.048), suggesting a genotype-specific improvement in insulin processing. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Zinc supplementation appears to affect the early insulin response to glucose differentially by rs13266634 genotype and could be beneficial for diabetes prevention and/or treatment for some individuals based on SLC30A8 variation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00981448.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisa M Maruthur
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 2024 E. Monument Street, Suite 2-600, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA,
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Abstract
SLC30A8 encodes the secretory granule-resident and largely endocrine pancreas-restricted zinc transporter ZnT8. Interest in this gene product was sparked amongst diabetologists in 2007 when the first genome-wide association study for type 2 diabetes identified polymorphisms in SLC30A8 as affecting disease risk. Thus, the common polymorphism rs13266634 was associated with lowered beta cell function and a 14% increase in diabetes abundance per risk (C) allele. This non-synonymous variant encodes a tryptophan-to-arginine switch at position 325 in the protein's intracellular carboxy-terminal domain, resulting in reduced zinc transport activity and, consequently, decreased intragranular zinc levels. Whereas insulin secretion from isolated islets is most often increased in mice inactivated for Slc30a8, null animals usually show impaired glucose tolerance and lowered circulating insulin. Since Slc30a8 null animals display little, if any, zinc secretion from islets, the lower plasma insulin levels could be explained by increased hepatic clearance as a result of lowered local zinc levels, or less efficient insulin action on target tissues. Despite the emerging consensus on the role of ZnT8 in glucose homeostasis, a recent genetic study in humans has unexpectedly identified loss-of-function SLC30A8 mutants that are associated with protection from diabetes. Here, we attempt to reconcile these apparently contradictory findings, implicating (1) differing degrees of inhibition of ZnT8 activity in carriers of common variants vs rare loss-of-function forms, (2) effects dependent on age or hypoxic beta cell stress. We propose that these variables conspire to affect both the size and the direction of the effect of SLC30A8 risk alleles in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 ONN, UK,
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Kambe T, Hashimoto A, Fujimoto S. Current understanding of ZIP and ZnT zinc transporters in human health and diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:3281-95. [PMID: 24710731 PMCID: PMC11113243 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Zinc transporters, the Zrt-, Irt-like protein (ZIP) family and the Zn transporter (ZnT) family transporters, are found in all aspects of life. Increasing evidence has clarified the molecular mechanism, in which both transporters play critical roles in cellular and physiological functions via mobilizing zinc across the cellular membrane. In the last decade, mutations in ZIP and ZnT transporter genes have been shown to be implicated in a number of inherited human diseases. Moreover, dysregulation of expression and activity of both transporters has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic diseases including cancer, immunological impairment, and neurodegenerative diseases, although comprehensive understanding is far from complete. The diverse phenotypes of diseases related to ZIP and ZnT transporters reflect the multifarious biological functions of both transporters. The present review summarizes the current understanding of ZIP and ZnT transporter functions from the standpoint of human health and diseases. The study of zinc transporters is currently of great clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiho Kambe
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan,
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Gerber PA, Bellomo EA, Hodson DJ, Meur G, Solomou A, Mitchell RK, Hollinshead M, Chimienti F, Bosco D, Hughes SJ, Johnson PRV, Rutter GA. Hypoxia lowers SLC30A8/ZnT8 expression and free cytosolic Zn2+ in pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2014; 57:1635-44. [PMID: 24865615 PMCID: PMC4079946 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Hypoxic damage complicates islet isolation for transplantation and may contribute to beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes. Polymorphisms in the SLC30A8 gene, encoding the secretory granule zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8), influence type 2 diabetes risk, conceivably by modulating cytosolic Zn(2+) levels. We have therefore explored the role of ZnT8 and cytosolic Zn(2+) in the response to hypoxia of pancreatic islet cells. METHODS Human, mouse or rat islets were isolated and exposed to varying O2 tensions. Cytosolic free zinc was measured using the adenovirally expressed recombinant targeted zinc probe eCALWY4. Gene expression was measured using quantitative (q)RT-PCR, western (immuno-) blotting or immunocytochemistry. Beta cells were identified by insulin immunoreactivity. RESULTS Deprivation of O2 (1% vs 5% or 21%) for 24 h lowered free cytosolic Zn(2+) concentrations by ~40% (p < 0.05) and ~30% (p < 0.05) in mouse and human islet cells, respectively. Hypoxia similarly decreased SLC30A8 mRNA expression in islets, and immunoreactivity in beta cells. Implicating lowered ZnT8 levels in the hypoxia-induced fall in cytosolic Zn(2+), genetic ablation of Slc30a8 from mouse islets lowered cytosolic Zn(2+) by ~40% (p < 0.05) and decreased the induction of metallothionein (Mt1, Mt2) genes. Cell survival in the face of hypoxia was enhanced in small islets of older (>12 weeks) Slc30a8 null mice vs controls, but not younger animals. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The response of pancreatic beta cells to hypoxia is characterised by decreased SLC30A8 expression and lowered cytosolic Zn(2+) concentrations. The dependence on ZnT8 of hypoxia-induced changes in cell survival may contribute to the actions of SLC30A8 variants on diabetes risk in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp A. Gerber
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 ONN UK
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisa A. Bellomo
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 ONN UK
| | - David J. Hodson
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 ONN UK
| | - Gargi Meur
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 ONN UK
| | - Antonia Solomou
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 ONN UK
| | - Ryan K. Mitchell
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 ONN UK
| | - Michael Hollinshead
- Section of Microscopy, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Domenico Bosco
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Centre, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephen J. Hughes
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- DRWF Human Islet Isolation Facility, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul R. V. Johnson
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- DRWF Human Islet Isolation Facility, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 ONN UK
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Davidson HW, Wenzlau JM, O'Brien RM. Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) and β cell function. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:415-24. [PMID: 24751356 PMCID: PMC4112161 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human pancreatic β cells have exceptionally high zinc content. In β cells the highest zinc concentration is in insulin secretory granules, from which it is cosecreted with the hormone. Uptake of zinc into secretory granules is mainly mediated by zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8), the product of the SLC30A8 [solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), member 8] gene. The minor alleles of several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SLC30A8 are associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the precise mechanisms underlying the protective effects remain uncertain. In this article we review current knowledge of the role of ZnT8 in maintaining zinc homeostasis in β cells, its role in glucose metabolism based on knockout mouse studies, and current theories regarding the link between ZnT8 function and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard W Davidson
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Integrated Department of Immunology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Janet M Wenzlau
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Richard M O'Brien
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Abstract
Zinc is an essential nutrient with tremendous importance for human health, and zinc deficiency is a severe risk factor for increased mortality and morbidity. As abnormal zinc homeostasis causes diabetes, and because the pancreatic β-cell contains the highest zinc content of any known cell type, it is of interest to know how zinc fluxes are controlled in β-cells. The understanding of zinc homeostasis has been boosted by the discovery of multiprotein families of zinc transporters, and one of them - zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) - is abundantly and specifically expressed in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. In this review, we discuss the evidence for a physiological role of ZnT8 in the formation of zinc-insulin crystals, the physical form in which most insulin is stored in secretory granules. In addition, we cross-examine this information, collected in genetically modified mouse strains, to the knowledge that genetic variants of the human ZnT8 gene predispose to the onset of type 2 diabetes and that epitopes on the ZnT8 protein trigger autoimmunity in patients with type 1 diabetes. The overall conclusion is that we are still at the dawn of a complete understanding of how zinc homeostasis operates in normal β-cells and how abnormalities lead to β-cell dysfunction and diabetes. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040-1124.2012.00199.x, 2012).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katleen Lemaire
- Gene Expression Unit, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Frans Schuit
- Gene Expression Unit, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisa M. Maruthur
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Corresponding author: Nisa M. Maruthur,
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- Division of Endocrinology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Huang L. Zinc and its transporters, pancreatic β-cells, and insulin metabolism. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2014; 95:365-90. [PMID: 24559925 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800174-5.00014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace metal for life. Two families of zinc transporters, SLC30A (ZNT) and SLC39A (ZIP) are required for maintaining cellular zinc homeostasis. ZNTs function to decrease cytoplasmic zinc concentrations whereas ZIPs do the opposite. Expression of zinc transporters can be tissue/cell-type specific or ubiquitous. Zinc transporters that are limited in tissue/cell distributions usually perform specialized tasks to satisfy biological processes in a given cell. For example, ZNT8 is mainly expressed in β-cells and functions to deliver zinc into granules for insulin maturation and secretion. Many other zinc transporters are also expressed in β-cells. Defects in these zinc transporters have been associated with abnormalities in insulin synthesis, maturation, and secretion and subsequent glucose metabolism. This review focuses on the specific roles of zinc and its transporters in insulin metabolism and describes the current knowledge of the function of zinc transporters in β-cell health in animal knockout mouse models with respect to diabetes development in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Huang
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, Davis, California, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
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Nuttall JR, Oteiza PI. Zinc and the aging brain. GENES AND NUTRITION 2013; 9:379. [PMID: 24366781 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-013-0379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in trace element homeostasis could be involved in the pathology of dementia, and in particular of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Zinc is a structural or functional component of many proteins, being involved in numerous and relevant physiological functions. Zinc homeostasis is affected in the elderly, and current evidence points to alterations in the cellular and systemic distribution of zinc in AD. Although the association of zinc and other metals with AD pathology remains unclear, therapeutic approaches designed to restore trace element homeostasis are being tested in clinical trials. Not only could zinc supplementation potentially benefit individuals with AD, but zinc supplementation also improves glycemic control in the elderly suffering from diabetes mellitus. However, the findings that select genetic polymorphisms may alter an individual's zinc intake requirements should be taken into consideration when planning zinc supplementation. This review will focus on current knowledge regarding pathological and protective mechanisms involving brain zinc in AD to highlight areas where future research may enable development of new and improved therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan R Nuttall
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, One Shields Av., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Tamaki M, Fujitani Y, Hara A, Uchida T, Tamura Y, Takeno K, Kawaguchi M, Watanabe T, Ogihara T, Fukunaka A, Shimizu T, Mita T, Kanazawa A, Imaizumi MO, Abe T, Kiyonari H, Hojyo S, Fukada T, Kawauchi T, Nagamatsu S, Hirano T, Kawamori R, Watada H. The diabetes-susceptible gene SLC30A8/ZnT8 regulates hepatic insulin clearance. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:4513-24. [PMID: 24051378 DOI: 10.1172/jci68807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies demonstrated that common variants of solute carrier family 30 member 8 gene (SLC30A8) increase susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. SLC30A8 encodes zinc transporter-8 (ZnT8), which delivers zinc ion from the cytoplasm into insulin granules. Although it is well known that insulin granules contain high amounts of zinc, the physiological role of secreted zinc remains elusive. In this study, we generated mice with β cell-specific Slc30a8 deficiency (ZnT8KO mice) and demonstrated an unexpected functional linkage between Slc30a8 deletion and hepatic insulin clearance. The ZnT8KO mice had low peripheral blood insulin levels, despite insulin hypersecretion from pancreatic β cells. We also demonstrated that a substantial amount of the hypersecreted insulin was degraded during its first passage through the liver. Consistent with these findings, ZnT8KO mice and human individuals carrying rs13266634, a major risk allele of SLC30A8, exhibited increased insulin clearance, as assessed by c-peptide/insulin ratio. Furthermore, we demonstrated that zinc secreted in concert with insulin suppressed hepatic insulin clearance by inhibiting clathrin-dependent insulin endocytosis. Our results indicate that SLC30A8 regulates hepatic insulin clearance and that genetic dysregulation of this system may play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
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The SLC30 family of zinc transporters - a review of current understanding of their biological and pathophysiological roles. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34:548-60. [PMID: 23506888 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two families of zinc (Zn(2 +)) transporters are involved in zinc homeostasis in the body, SLC30 (ZnT, zinc transporter) and SLC39 (ZIP, Zinc(Zn(2+))-Iron(Fe(2+)) Permease). The two zinc transporter family members function in opposite directions to maintain cellular zinc homeostasis. ZnT proteins contribute to the cytoplasmic zinc balance by exporting zinc out to the extracellular space or by sequestrating cytoplasmic zinc into intracellular compartments when cellular zinc levels are elevated. In contrast, ZIP proteins function to increase cytoplasmic zinc concentrations when cellular zinc is depleted. Since the cloning of the first zinc transporter (ZnT1) in 1995, there have been many advances in zinc transporter research including discovery of new members of zinc transporters, identification of gene expression patterns and regulations, recognition of protein distribution patterns in tissues and cells, and understanding of their physiological and pathological roles in humans and animal models. Ten members of the ZnT family have been identified so far. Here we give a review of these advances and discuss the pathological implications and future preventive or therapeutic applications of ZnTs.
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