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Gao Y, Chen Q, Wu Z, Yuan L. Regulation of pancreatic β cells by exosomes from different sources. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2025; 224:112222. [PMID: 40324722 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2025] [Revised: 04/28/2025] [Accepted: 04/30/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder with rising global prevalence, particularly in developed and high-income regions. Central to its pathogenesis is the dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells, alongside impaired glucose and lipid metabolism in peripheral insulin-responsive tissues. Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles essential for intercellular communication and have emerged as pivotal regulators of metabolic homeostasis. Secreted by virtually all cell types, exosomes encapsulate bioactive cargo that reflects their cellular origin and physiological state, thereby exerting diverse functional effects. Recent evidence highlights the role of exosomes derived from the liver, gut, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and mesenchymal stem cells in modulating β-cell proliferation, insulin secretion, and survival. In peripheral tissues exosomes also influence insulin sensitivity by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, ultimately shaping β-cell responses under hyperglycemic conditions. A more comprehensive understanding of exosome-mediated crosstalk between metabolic organs and pancreatic β-cells could pave the way for the development of exosome-based diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies aimed at improving early detection, prevention, and treatment of the diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhuoying Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Li S, Yin X, Ren W, Zheng J, Li S, Zhi K, Gao L. Protein O-GlcNAcylation reprograms macrophage-mediated bone remodeling in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 313:144342. [PMID: 40393602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.144342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2025] [Revised: 04/18/2025] [Accepted: 05/16/2025] [Indexed: 05/22/2025]
Abstract
O-Linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is an essential nutrient-sensitive post-translational modification (PTM) that has emerged as a critical regulator bridging immunometabolic reprogramming and skeletal homeostasis. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a severe complication of anti-resorptive therapy, with limited effective treatments available. Despite four decades of research since its discovery, the therapeutic potential of targeting O-GlcNAcylation in MRONJ remains underexplored. Macrophages orchestrate a pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory milieu by polarization and paracrine signaling to promote bone resorption/formation. However, during MRONJ progression, metabolic alterations reshape macrophage function, leading to immune dysregulation and impaired bone remodeling. O-GlcNAcylation serves as a metabolic sensor of nutritional status and cellular stress, influences macrophage phenotype and function, making it a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Currently, extensive research on biomaterials for bone regeneration primarily focuses on enhancing osteogenesis or inhibiting osteoclast activity, often overlooking the impact of PTMs on bone remodeling. In this review, we highlight the emerging role of O-GlcNAcylation in macrophage regulation, discuss its implications in MRONJ pathogenesis, and explore its potential applications in macrophage-targeted biomaterials and nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqian Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China; School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaopeng Yin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Central Laboratory of Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China; School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- Department of Endodontics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shaoming Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Keqian Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China; School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China.
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China.
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Lee J, Choi WG, Rhee M, Lee SH. Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Network in the Pathogenesis of Obesity, Diabetes, Steatotic Liver Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease. Diabetes Metab J 2025; 49:348-367. [PMID: 40367986 PMCID: PMC12086558 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2025.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2025] [Accepted: 04/16/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles carrying bioactive cargo, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, facilitating intercellular and interorgan communication. In addition to traditional mediators such as hormones, metabolites, and cytokines, increasing evidence suggests that EVs are key modulators in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly influencing metabolic homeostasis and contributing to the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. This review provides an overview of the most recent insights into EV-mediated mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, steatotic liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. EVs play a critical role in modulating insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, systemic inflammation, and vascular health by transferring functional molecules to target cells. Understanding the EV-mediated network offers potential for identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, providing opportunities for EV-based interventions in cardiometabolic disease management. Although many challenges remain, this evolving field highlights the need for further research into EV biology and its translational applications in cardiovascular and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonyub Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Biomedical Industry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Gun Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Biomedical Industry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Marie Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Biomedical Industry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Biomedical Industry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Luo H, Wang J, Lin F, Liu Y, Wu X, Li G, Su C, Chen J, Xiong F, Mo J, Zheng Z, Zheng X, Li Q, Zha L. Macrophage exosomes mediate palmitic acid-induced metainflammation by transferring miR-3064-5p to target IκBα and activate NF-κB signaling. J Adv Res 2025; 71:501-519. [PMID: 38960278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High palmitic acid (PA) levels trigger metainflammation, facilitating the onset and progression of chronic metabolic diseases. Recently, exosomes were identified as new inflammation mediators. However, the mechanism by which macrophage exosomes mediate PA-induced inflammation remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To explore how PA induces metainflammation through macrophage exosomes. METHODS Exosomes secreted by RAW264.7 mouse macrophages stimulated with PA (ExosPA) or not (Exos) were prepared by ultracentrifugation. The differential miRNAs between ExosPA and Exos were identified by high-throughput sequencing, and their targeted mRNAs and proteins were bioinformatically analyzed and verified by qPCR and western blot. Mouse macrophages and metabolic cells (AML-12 hepatocytes, C2C12 myocytes or 3T3-L1 adipocytes) were treated with ExosPA or Exos. The verified miRNAs and its targeted molecules related to inflammation were analyzed in recipient cells. Furthers, exosomes were prepared from primary peritoneal macrophages isolated from AIN93G diet-fed (Control PM-Exos) or HPD-fed (PA PM-Exos) mice. Control or PA PM-Exos were then tail vein injected (30 μg) into mice (n = 10), once a week for 2 weeks. The verified miRNA and its targets in blood, blood exosomes, and metabolic tissues were detected. Finally, measured the levels of miRNA, inflammatory factors, and fatty acids in the blood of 20 obese/overweight individuals and 20 healthy individuals. RESULTS ExoPA activate NF-κB signaling and enhance inflammatory enzyme/cytokine production in macrophages and metabolic cells. ExoPA enrich miR-3064-5p and target to inhibit IκBα as verified by exosome inhibitors and miR-3064-5p mimics and inhibitors. HPD elevates exosomal miR-3064-5p, macrophage exosomal miR-3064-5p, and inflammatory cytokine levels in mice circulation. PA PM-Exos from HPD-fed mice triggered inflammation in the circulation and metabolic tissues/organs of chow diet-fed mice. Overweight/obese individuals exhibit increased levels of circulating palmitoleic acid, exosomal miR-3064-5p, and high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins. CONCLUSIONS Macrophage exosomes transferring miR-3064-5p to target IκBα and activate NF-κB signaling in metabolic cells is a mechanism of PA-induced metainflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiexian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fengjuan Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yuguo Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xinglong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Gan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 423000 Chenzhou, PR China
| | - Chuhong Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Junbin Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Mo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhongdaixi Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiangyi Zheng
- Department of Health Management Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu District Health Management Center (Guangzhou Panyu District Rehabilitation Hospital), Guangzhou 511450, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Longying Zha
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, PR China.
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Tian X, Wang L, Zhong L, Zhang K, Ge X, Luo Z, Zhai X, Liu S. The research progress and future directions in the pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 diabetes mellitus from the perspective of precision medicine. Front Med (Lausanne) 2025; 12:1555077. [PMID: 40109716 PMCID: PMC11919862 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1555077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2025] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 03/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by pathophysiological mechanisms such as insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Recent advancements in T2DM research have unveiled intricate multi-level regulatory networks and contributing factors underlying this disease. The emergence of precision medicine has introduced new perspectives and methodologies for understanding T2DM pathophysiology. A recent study found that personalized treatment based on genetic, metabolic, and microbiome data can improve the management of T2DM by more than 30%. This perspective aims to summarize the progress in T2DM pathophysiological research from the past 5 years and to outline potential directions for future studies within the framework of precision medicine. T2DM develops through the interplay of factors such as gut microbiota, genetic and epigenetic modifications, metabolic processes, mitophagy, NK cell activity, and environmental influences. Future research should focus on understanding insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, interactions between gut microbiota and their metabolites, and the regulatory roles of miRNA and genes. By leveraging artificial intelligence and integrating data from genomics, epigenomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics, researchers can gain deeper insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms and heterogeneity of T2DM. Additionally, exploring the combined effects and interactions of these factors may pave the way for more effective prevention strategies and personalized treatments for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Tian
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Liuqing Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical History and Literatures, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liuting Zhong
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Kaiqi Zhang
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Ge
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengrong Luo
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhai
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoyan Liu
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Gao Y, Zhang Y, Mi N, Miao W, Zhang J, Liu Y, Li Z, Song J, Li X, Guan W, Bai C. Exploring the link between M1 macrophages and EMT of amniotic epithelial cells: implications for premature rupture of membranes. J Nanobiotechnology 2025; 23:163. [PMID: 40033278 PMCID: PMC11877754 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-025-03192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite increasing evidence supporting the role of an amniotic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the premature rupture of membranes (PROMs), it remains unclear if extracellular vesicle (EV) derived from M1 macrophages play a critical role in triggering the EMT of amniotic epithelial cells (AECs). RESULTS This study revealed that under inflammatory conditions, EV-miR-146a/155 from M1 macrophages could trigger EMTs and MMP-9 transcription in AECs, elevating the risk of PROM in both mice and humans. Introduction of EV-miR-155 led to inhibition of Ehf expression and reduced E-cadherin transcription in AECs. Meanwhile, EV-miR-146a activated the β-catenin/Tcf7 complex to promote the transcription of Snail, MMP-9, and miR-146a/155, inducing EMTs. Subsequently, EMT induction in AECs is associated with a loss of epithelial characteristics, disruption of cellular junctions, widening of intercellular spaces, and diminished biomechanical properties of the amniotic membrane. CONCLUSION Inflammatory stimulation prompts the polarization of macrophages in amniotic fluid into the M1 type, which subsequently secrete EVs laden with inflammatory miRNAs. These EVs trigger the EMT of AECs, causing the loss of their epithelial phenotype. Consequently, the biomechanical properties of the amnion deteriorate, ultimately leading to its rupture, posing risks relevant to pregnancy complications such as premature rupture of membranes. The results of this study provide insights into the pathogenesis of PROM and will aid in treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Gao
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong, 272067, P. R. China
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Ningning Mi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, No. 666, Wusu Road, Lin'an, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Wang Miao
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong, 272067, P. R. China
| | - Jingmiao Zhang
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong, 272067, P. R. China
| | - Yize Liu
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong, 272067, P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Li
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong, 272067, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxun Song
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong, 272067, P. R. China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, No. 666, Wusu Road, Lin'an, 311300, P. R. China.
| | - Weijun Guan
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Chunyu Bai
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong, 272067, P. R. China.
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
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Tharayil JS, Kandettu A, Chakrabarty S. The curious case of mitochondrial sirtuin in rewiring breast cancer metabolism: Mr Hyde or Dr Jekyll? Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2025; 1871:167691. [PMID: 39864670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2025.167691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
Mammalian sirtuins are class III histone deacetylases involved in the regulation of multiple biological processes including senescence, DNA repair, apoptosis, proliferation, caloric restriction, and metabolism. Among the mammalian sirtuins, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 are localized in the mitochondria and collectively termed the mitochondrial sirtuins. Mitochondrial sirtuins are NAD+-dependent deacetylases that play a central role in cellular metabolism and function as epigenetic regulators by performing post-translational modification of cellular proteins. Several studies have identified the role of mitochondrial sirtuins in age-related pathologies and the rewiring of cancer metabolism. Mitochondrial sirtuins regulate cellular functions by contributing to post-translational modifications, including deacetylation, ADP-ribosylation, demalonylation, and desuccinylation of diverse cellular proteins to maintain cellular homeostasis. Here, we review and discuss the structure and function of the mitochondrial sirtuins and their role as metabolic regulators in breast cancer. Altered breast cancer metabolism may promote tumor progression and has been an essential target for therapy. Further, we discuss the potential role of targeting mitochondrial sirtuin and its impact on breast cancer progression using sirtuin inhibitors and activators as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesline Shaji Tharayil
- Department of Public Health Genomics, Centre for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Amoolya Kandettu
- Department of Public Health Genomics, Centre for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Public Health Genomics, Centre for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Kielbowski K, Bratborska AW, Bakinowska E, Pawlik A. Sirtuins as therapeutic targets in diabetes. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2025; 29:117-135. [PMID: 40116767 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2025.2482563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/23/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sirtuins (SIRTs) are NAD+-dependent deacetylases that mediate post-translational modifications of proteins. Seven members of the SIRT family have been identified in mammals. Importantly, SIRTs interact with numerous metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Thus, researchers have investigated their role in metabolic and inflammatory disorders. AREAS COVERED In this review, we comprehensively discuss the involvement of SIRTs in the processes of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, lipid metabolism, and adipocyte functions. In addition, we describe the current evidence regarding modulation of the expression and activity of SIRTs in diabetes, diabetic complications, and obesity. EXPERT OPINION The development of specific SIRT activators and inhibitors that exhibit high selectivity toward specific SIRT isoforms remains a major challenge. This involves the need to elucidate the physiological pathways involving SIRTs, as well as their important role in the development of metabolic disorders. Molecular modeling techniques will be helpful to develop new compounds that modulate the activity of SIRTs, which may contribute to the preparation of new drugs that selectively target specific SIRTs. SIRTs hold promise as potential targets in metabolic disease, but there is much to learn about specific modulators and the final answers will await clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajetan Kielbowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Estera Bakinowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Sola-Sevilla N, Garmendia-Berges M, Mera-Delgado MC, Puerta E. Context-dependent role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:682-694. [PMID: 38886935 PMCID: PMC11433891 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-02063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. In this context, sirtuin 2 has been involved in the modulation of key inflammatory signaling pathways and transcription factors by deacetylating specific targets, such as nuclear factor κB and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich-repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3). However, whether sirtuin 2-mediated pathways induce a pro- or an anti-inflammatory response remains controversial. Sirtuin 2 has been implicated in promoting inflammation in conditions such as asthma and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that its inhibition in these conditions could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Conversely, arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus studies suggest that sirtuin 2 is essential at the peripheral level and, thus, its inhibition in these pathologies would not be recommended. Overall, the precise role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation appears to be context-dependent, and further investigation is needed to determine the specific molecular mechanisms and downstream targets through which sirtuin 2 influences inflammatory processes in various tissues and pathological conditions. The present review explores the involvement of sirtuin 2 in the inflammation associated with different pathologies to elucidate whether its pharmacological modulation could serve as an effective strategy for treating this prevalent symptom across various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Sola-Sevilla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maider Garmendia-Berges
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - MCarmen Mera-Delgado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Puerta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
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10
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Lin F, Luo H, Wang J, Li Q, Zha L. Macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles as new players in chronic non-communicable diseases. Front Immunol 2025; 15:1479330. [PMID: 39896803 PMCID: PMC11782043 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1479330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells present in all tissues and play an important role in almost all aspects of the biology of living organisms. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by cells and transport their contents (micro RNAs, mRNA, proteins, and long noncoding RNAs) to nearby or distant cells for cell-to-cell communication. Numerous studies have shown that macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (M-EVs) and their contents play an important role in a variety of diseases and show great potential as biomarkers, therapeutics, and drug delivery vehicles for diseases. This article reviews the biological functions and mechanisms of M-EVs and their contents in chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, cancer, inflammatory diseases and bone-related diseases. In addition, the potential application of M-EVs as drug delivery systems for various diseases have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiyu Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiexian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Longying Zha
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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11
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Gottmann P, Speckmann T, Stadion M, Chawla P, Saurenbach J, Ninov N, Lickert H, Schürmann A. Transcriptomic heterogeneity of non-beta islet cells is associated with type 2 diabetes development in mouse models. Diabetologia 2025; 68:166-185. [PMID: 39508880 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this work was to understand the role of non-beta cells in pancreatic islets at early stages of type 2 diabetes pathogenesis. METHODS Specific clustering was employed to single-cell transcriptome data from islet cells of obese mouse strains differing in their diabetes susceptibility (diabetes-resistant B6.V.Lepob/ob [OB] and diabetes-susceptible New Zealand Obese [NZO] mice) on a diabetogenic diet. RESULTS Refined clustering analysis revealed several heterogeneous subpopulations for alpha cells, delta cells and macrophages, of which 133 mapped to human diabetes genes identified by genome-wide association studies. Importantly, a similar non-beta cell heterogeneity was found in a dataset of human islets from donors at different stages of type 2 diabetes. The predominant alpha cell cluster in NZO mice displayed signs of cellular stress and lower mitochondrial capacity (97 differentially expressed genes [DEGs]), whereas delta cells from these mice exhibited higher expression levels of maturation marker genes (Hhex and Sst) but lower somatostatin secretion than OB mice (184 DEGs). Furthermore, a cluster of macrophages was almost twice as abundant in islets of OB mice, and displayed extensive cell-cell communication with beta cells of OB mice. Treatment of beta cells with IL-15, predicted to be released by macrophages, activated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3), which may mediate anti-apoptotic effects. Similar to mice, humans without diabetes possess a greater number of macrophages than those with prediabetes (39 mmol/mol [5.7%] < HbA1c < 46 mmol/mol [6.4%]) and diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study indicates that the transcriptional heterogeneity of non-beta cells has an impact on intra-islet crosstalk and participates in beta cell (dys)function. DATA AVAILABILITY scRNA-seq data from the previous study are available in gene expression omnibus under gene accession number GSE159211 ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE159211 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Gottmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Speckmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mandy Stadion
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Prateek Chawla
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Judith Saurenbach
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nikolay Ninov
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München Neuherberg, Germany.
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nuthetal, Germany.
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12
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He W, Zhao H, Xue W, Luo Y, Yan M, Li J, Qing L, Wu W, Jin Z. Qingre Huoxue Decoction Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Regulating Macrophage Polarization Through Exosomal miR-26a-5p. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:6389-6411. [PMID: 39749190 PMCID: PMC11693966 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s487476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Qingre Huoxue Decoction (QRHX) is a classical Chinese herbal prescription widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of atherosclerosis (AS). Our previous study demonstrated its efficacy in stabilizing plaque and improving prognosis, as well as its ability to regulate macrophage polarization. This study aimed to further investigate the effects of QRHX on AS and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks in order to establish an AS model. Oil Red O, H&E, Masson, and IHC staining were employed to assess lipid accumulation, plaque development, collagen loss and target of the aortas tissue. ELISA was employed to measure the levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in serum. Dual luciferase reporter assay was conducted to ascertain the connection between miR-26a-5p and PTGS2 in vitro. Western blot and RT-qPCR assay were conducted to assess the NF-κB signaling pathway and macrophage polarization. The effects of miR-26a-5p were tested after transfecting miR-26a-5p over-expressive lentivirus. Results QRHX attenuated HFD-induced plaque progression and inflammation of AS model mice. BMDM-derived exosomes (BMDM-exo) increased miR-26a-5p and decreased PTGS2 expressions, inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway and regulated macrophage polarization in vivo. These effects of BMDM-exo were further enhanced after QRHX intervention. Dual luciferase reporter assay results showed that miR-26a-5p directly binds to the 3'-UTR of PTGS2 mRNA and regulates the expression of PTGS2. The miR-26a-5p of BMDM-exo played a key role in macrophage polarization. After overexpression of miR-26a-5p, the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited and macrophages were converted from M1 to M2 in vitro. Conclusion QRHX can exert anti-inflammatory and plaque-stabilizing effects through exosomal miR-26a-5p via inhibiting the PTGS2/NF-κB signaling pathway and regulating macrophage phenotype from M1 to M2 polarization in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng He
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanyi Zhao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqi Xue
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Yan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junlong Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijin Qing
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Jin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang L, Lou K, Zhang Y, Leng Y, Huang Y, Liao X, Liu X, Feng S, Feng G. Tools for regulating metabolic diseases: extracellular vesicles from adipose macrophages. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1510712. [PMID: 39735643 PMCID: PMC11674605 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1510712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 12/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases have gradually become one of the most significant global medical burdens. Diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, along with their complications, are clinically categorized as metabolic diseases. Long-term oral medication significantly reduces patient compliance and quality of life. Therefore, alternative therapies that intervene at the cellular level or target the root causes of metabolic diseases might help change this predicament. Research has found that extracellular vesicles derived from adipose macrophages can effectively regulate metabolic diseases by influencing the disease's development. This regulation is likely related to the role of these extracellular vesicles as important mediators in modulating adipose tissue function and insulin sensitivity, and their involvement in the crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages. This review aims to describe the regulation of metabolic diseases mediated by adipose macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles, with a focus on their involvement in adipocyte crosstalk, the regulation of metabolism-related autoimmunity, and their potential as therapeutic agents for metabolic diseases, providing new avenues for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kecheng Lou
- Department of Urology, Lanxi People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunmeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiujiang College Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuanjing Leng
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinxin Liao
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoliang Liu
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shangzhi Feng
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guoqiang Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jiujiang College Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
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14
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Zhang Y, Qian B, Yang Y, Niu F, Lin C, Yuan H, Wang J, Wu T, Shao Y, Shao S, Liu A, Wu J, Sun P, Chang X, Bi Y, Tang W, Zhu Y, Chen F, Su D, Han X. Visceral Adipocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicle miR-27a-5p Elicits Glucose Intolerance by Inhibiting Pancreatic β-Cell Insulin Secretion. Diabetes 2024; 73:1832-1847. [PMID: 39186314 PMCID: PMC11493764 DOI: 10.2337/db24-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction caused by obesity can be associated with alterations in the levels of miRNAs. However, the role of miRNAs in such processes remains elusive. Here, we show that pancreatic islet miR-27a-5p, which is markedly increased in obese mice and impairs insulin secretion, is mainly delivered by visceral adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). Depleting miR-27a-5p significantly improved insulin secretion and glucose intolerance in db/db mice. Supporting the function of EV miR-27a-5p as a key pathogenic factor, intravenous injection of miR-27a-5p-containing EVs showed their distribution in mouse pancreatic islets. Tracing the injected adeno-associated virus (AAV)-miR-27a-5p (AAV-miR-27a) or AAV-FABP4-miR-27a-5p (AAV-FABP4-miR-27a) in visceral fat resulted in upregulating miR-27a-5p in EVs and serum and elicited mouse pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Mechanistically, miR-27a-5p directly targeted L-type Ca2+ channel subtype CaV1.2 (Cacna1c) and reduced insulin secretion in β-cells. Overexpressing mouse CaV1.2 largely abolished the insulin secretion injury induced by miR-27a-5p. These findings reveal a causative role of EV miR-27a-5p in visceral adipocyte-mediated pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fandi Niu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shanxi, China
| | - Changsong Lin
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honglei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixue Shao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shulin Shao
- Department of Laboratory, Nanjing Pukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aiming Liu
- The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingwen Wu
- The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Islet Cell Senescence and Function Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongming Su
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Yang Y, Cheng H. Emerging Roles of ncRNAs in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: From Mechanisms to Drug Discovery. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1364. [PMID: 39595541 PMCID: PMC11592034 DOI: 10.3390/biom14111364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/26/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a high-incidence chronic metabolic disorder, has emerged as a global health issue, where most patients need lifelong medication. Gaining insights into molecular mechanisms involved in T2DM development is expected to provide novel strategies for clinical prevention and treatment. Growing evidence validates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) function as crucial regulators in multiple biological processes of T2DM, inspiring various potential targets and drug candidates. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of ncRNA roles in T2DM and discuss the potential use of ncRNAs as targets and active molecules for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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16
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Xiong J, Wang Y, Wang H, Luo J, Chen T, Sun J, Xi Q, Zhang Y. GHRH-stimulated pituitary small extracellular vesicles inhibit hepatocyte proliferation and IGF-1 expression by its cargo miR-375-3p. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:649. [PMID: 39438882 PMCID: PMC11494759 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) have emerged as a novel mode of intercellular material transport and information transmission. It has been suggested hormones may regulate the production and function of sEV. However, the specific impact of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) on pituitary sEV production and the role of sEV in the regulation of the GHRH-GH-IGF axis has not been previously reported. The results of the present study demonstrated that GHRH increased the production of pituitary sEV by promoting the expression of Rab27a. More importantly, GHRH induced alterations in protein and miRNA levels within GH3-sEV components. Notably, GH3-sEV with GHRH treatment exhibited the enhanced ability to impede BRL 3A cell proliferation and the expression of IGF-1. Conclusively, for the first time, we corroborate the influence of GHRH on pituitary sEV, thereby presenting novel evidence for how sEV participates in the balance of the GHRH-GH-IGF axis. Importantly, this study provides new insight into a novel balance mechanism mediated by sEV within the endocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Xiong
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyi Luo
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajie Sun
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
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Hendley AM, Ashe S, Urano A, Ng M, Phu TA, Peng XL, Luan C, Finger AM, Jang GH, Kerper NR, Berrios DI, Jin D, Lee J, Riahi IR, Gbenedio OM, Chung C, Roose JP, Yeh JJ, Gallinger S, Biankin AV, O'Kane GM, Ntranos V, Chang DK, Dawson DW, Kim GE, Weaver VM, Raffai RL, Hebrok M. nSMase2-mediated exosome secretion shapes the tumor microenvironment to immunologically support pancreatic cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.23.614610. [PMID: 39399775 PMCID: PMC11468832 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.23.614610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
The pleiotropic roles of nSMase2-generated ceramide include regulation of intracellular ceramide signaling and exosome biogenesis. We investigated the effects of eliminating nSMase2 on early and advanced PDA, including its influence on the microenvironment. Employing the KPC mouse model of pancreatic cancer, we demonstrate that pancreatic epithelial nSMase2 ablation reduces neoplasia and promotes a PDA subtype switch from aggressive basal-like to classical. nSMase2 elimination prolongs survival of KPC mice, hinders vasculature development, and fosters a robust immune response. nSMase2 loss leads to recruitment of cytotoxic T cells, N1-like neutrophils, and abundant infiltration of anti-tumorigenic macrophages in the pancreatic preneoplastic microenvironment. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that nSMase2-expressing PDA cell small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) reduce survival of KPC mice; PDA cell sEVs generated independently of nSMase2 prolong survival of KPC mice and reprogram macrophages to a proinflammatory phenotype. Collectively, our study highlights previously unappreciated opposing roles for exosomes, based on biogenesis pathway, during PDA progression. Graphical abstract
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18
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Sou YL, Chilian WM, Ratnam W, Zain SM, Syed Abdul Kadir SZ, Pan Y, Pung YF. Exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs: potential biomarkers for type 2 diabetes mellitus. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2024; 7:pbae021. [PMID: 39347441 PMCID: PMC11438237 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They are negative regulators of their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), in which they bind either to inhibit mRNA translation, or to induce mRNA decay. Similar to proteins, miRNAs exist in different isoforms (isomiRs). miRNAs and isomiRs are selectively loaded into small extracellular vesicles, such as the exosomes, to protect them from RNase degradation. In T2DM, exosomal miRNAs produced by different cell types are transported among the primary sites of insulin action. These interorgan crosstalk regulate various T2DM-associated pathways such as adipocyte inflammation, insulin signalling, and β cells dysfunction among many others. In this review, we first focus on the mechanism of exosome biogenesis, followed by miRNA biogenesis and isomiR formation. Next, we discuss the roles of exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs in the development of T2DM and provide evidence from clinical studies to support their potential roles as T2DM biomarkers. Lastly, we highlight the use of exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs in personalized medicine, as well as addressing the current challenges and future opportunities in this field. This review summarizes how research on exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs has developed from the very basic to clinical applications, with the goal of advancing towards the era of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ling Sou
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Wickneswari Ratnam
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
| | - Shamsul Mohd Zain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | | | - Yan Pan
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - Yuh-Fen Pung
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
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Ghasemi Gojani E, Rai S, Norouzkhani F, Shujat S, Wang B, Li D, Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. Targeting β-Cell Plasticity: A Promising Approach for Diabetes Treatment. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7621-7667. [PMID: 39057094 PMCID: PMC11275945 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The β-cells within the pancreas play a pivotal role in insulin production and secretion, responding to fluctuations in blood glucose levels. However, factors like obesity, dietary habits, and prolonged insulin resistance can compromise β-cell function, contributing to the development of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). A critical aspect of this dysfunction involves β-cell dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation, wherein these cells lose their specialized characteristics and adopt different identities, notably transitioning towards progenitor or other pancreatic cell types like α-cells. This process significantly contributes to β-cell malfunction and the progression of T2D, often surpassing the impact of outright β-cell loss. Alterations in the expressions of specific genes and transcription factors unique to β-cells, along with epigenetic modifications and environmental factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, underpin the occurrence of β-cell dedifferentiation and the onset of T2D. Recent research underscores the potential therapeutic value for targeting β-cell dedifferentiation to manage T2D effectively. In this review, we aim to dissect the intricate mechanisms governing β-cell dedifferentiation and explore the therapeutic avenues stemming from these insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (E.G.G.)
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (E.G.G.)
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Hushmandi K, Saadat SH, Raei M, Aref AR, Reiter RJ, Nabavi N, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. The science of exosomes: Understanding their formation, capture, and role in cellular communication. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 259:155388. [PMID: 38850846 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as a crucial method for transferring information among cells, which is vital in multicellular organisms. Among these vesicles, exosomes are notable for their small size, ranging from 20 to 150 nm, and their role in cell-to-cell communication. They carry lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between cells. The creation of exosomes begins with the inward budding of the cell membrane, which then encapsulates various macromolecules as cargo. Once filled, exosomes are released into the extracellular space and taken up by target cells via endocytosis and similar processes. The composition of exosomal cargo varies, encompassing diverse macromolecules with specific functions. Because of their significant roles, exosomes have been isolated from various cell types, including cancer cells, endothelial cells, macrophages, and mesenchymal cells, with the aim of harnessing them for therapeutic applications. Exosomes influence cellular metabolism, and regulate lipid, glucose, and glutamine pathways. Their role in pathogenesis is determined by their cargo, which can manipulate processes such as apoptosis, proliferation, inflammation, migration, and other molecular pathways in recipient cells. Non-coding RNA transcripts, a common type of cargo, play a pivotal role in regulating disease progression. Exosomes are implicated in numerous biological and pathological processes, including inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, wound healing, and ischemic-reperfusion injury. As a result, they hold significant potential in the treatment of both cancerous and non-cancerous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiavash Hushmandi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Hassan Saadat
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Raei
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Yang J, Gong X, Li T, Xia Z, He R, Song X, Wang X, Wu J, Chen J, Wang F, Xiong R, Lin Y, Chen G, Yang L, Cai K. Tantalum Particles Promote M2 Macrophage Polarization and Regulate Local Bone Metabolism via Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Influencing the Fates of BMSCs. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303814. [PMID: 38497832 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the regulatory role and mechanisms of tantalum (Ta) particles in the bone tissue microenvironment are explored. Ta particle deposition occurs in both clinical samples and animal tissues following porous Ta implantation. Unlike titanium (Ti) particles promoting M1 macrophage (Mϕ) polarization, Ta particles regulating calcium signaling pathways and promoting M2 Mϕ polarization. Ta-induced M2 Mϕ enhances bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation through exosomes (Exo) by upregulating miR-378a-3p/miR-221-5p and downregulating miR-155-5p/miR-212-5p. Ta particles suppress the pro-inflammatory and bone resorption effects of Ti particles in vivo and in vitro. In a rat femoral condyle bone defect model, artificial bone loaded with Ta particles promotes endogenous Mϕ polarization toward M2 differentiation at the defect site, accelerating bone repair. In conclusion, Ta particles modulate Mϕ polarization toward M2 and influence BMSCs osteogenic capacity through Exo secreted by M2 Mϕ, providing insights for potential bone repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Gong
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Tao Li
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zengzilu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Rui He
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiongbo Song
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiangyi Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Center of Biomedical Analysis, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fangzheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Ran Xiong
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yangjing Lin
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Guangxing Chen
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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22
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Schonblum A, Ali Naser D, Ovadia S, Egbaria M, Puyesky S, Epshtein A, Wald T, Mercado-Medrez S, Ashery-Padan R, Landsman L. Beneficial islet inflammation in health depends on pericytic TLR/MyD88 signaling. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e179335. [PMID: 38885342 PMCID: PMC11245159 DOI: 10.1172/jci179335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
While inflammation is beneficial for insulin secretion during homeostasis, its transformation adversely affects β cells and contributes to diabetes. However, the regulation of islet inflammation for maintaining glucose homeostasis remains largely unknown. Here, we identified pericytes as pivotal regulators of islet immune and β cell function in health. Islets and pancreatic pericytes express various cytokines in healthy humans and mice. To interfere with the pericytic inflammatory response, we selectively inhibited the TLR/MyD88 pathway in these cells in transgenic mice. The loss of MyD88 impaired pericytic cytokine production. Furthermore, MyD88-deficient mice exhibited skewed islet inflammation with fewer cells, an impaired macrophage phenotype, and reduced IL-1β production. This aberrant pericyte-orchestrated islet inflammation was associated with β cell dedifferentiation and impaired glucose response. Additionally, we found that Cxcl1, a pericytic MyD88-dependent cytokine, promoted immune IL-1β production. Treatment with either Cxcl1 or IL-1β restored the mature β cell phenotype and glucose response in transgenic mice, suggesting a potential mechanism through which pericytes and immune cells regulate glucose homeostasis. Our study revealed pericyte-orchestrated islet inflammation as a crucial element in glucose regulation, implicating this process as a potential therapeutic target for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Schonblum
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Dunia Ali Naser
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Shai Ovadia
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mohammed Egbaria
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Shani Puyesky
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Alona Epshtein
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Tomer Wald
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Sophia Mercado-Medrez
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Ruth Ashery-Padan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Limor Landsman
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
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23
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Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Wen Z, Wang H, Zhang S, Ni Q. Network analysis combined with experimental assessment to explore the therapeutic mechanisms of New Shenqi Pills formula targeting mitochondria on senile diabetes mellitus. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1339758. [PMID: 38948458 PMCID: PMC11211868 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1339758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The escalation of global population aging has accentuated the prominence of senile diabetes mellitus (SDM) as a consequential public health concern. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammatory cascades prevalent in individuals with senile diabetes significantly amplify disease progression and complication rates. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) emerges as a pivotal player in enhancing blood sugar homeostasis and retarding complication onset in the clinical management of senile diabetes. Nonetheless, an evident research gap persists regarding the integration of TCM's renal tonification pharmacological mechanisms with experimental validation within the realm of senile diabetes therapeutics. Aims The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of action of New Shenqi Pills (SQP) in the treatment of SDM and make an experimental assessment. Methods Network analysis is used to evaluate target pathways related to SQP and SDM. Mitochondrial-related genes were obtained from the MitoCarta3.0 database and intersected with the common target genes of the disease and drugs, then constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network making use of the GeneMANIA database. Representative compounds in the SQP were quantitatively measured using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) to ensure quality control and quantitative analysis of the compounds. A type 2 diabetes mice (C57BL/6) model was used to investigate the pharmacodynamics of SQP. The glucose lowering efficacy of SQP was assessed through various metrics including body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG). To elucidate the modulatory effects of SQP on pancreatic beta cell function, we measured oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin histochemical staining and tunel apoptosis detection, then assessed the insulin-mediated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase A (Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) pathway in diabetic mice via Western blotting. Additionally, we observe the structural changes of the nucleus, cytoplasmic granules and mitochondria of pancreatic islet β cells. Results In this investigation, we identified a total of 1876 genes associated with senile diabetes, 278 targets of SQP, and 166 overlapping target genes, primarily enriched in pathways pertinent to oxidative stress response, peptide response, and oxygen level modulation. Moreover, an intersection analysis involving 1,136 human mitochondrial genes and comorbidity targets yielded 15 mitochondria-related therapeutic targets. Quality control assessments and quantitative analyses of SQP revealed the predominant presence of five compounds with elevated concentrations: Catalpol, Cinnamon Aldehyde, Rehmanthin D, Trigonelline, and Paeonol Phenol. Vivo experiments demonstrated notable findings. Relative to the control group, mice in the model group exhibited significant increases in body weight and fasting blood glucose levels, alongside decreased insulin secretion and heightened islet cell apoptosis. Moreover, β-cells nuclear condensation and mitochondrial cristae disappearance were observed, accompanied by reduced expression levels of p-GSK-3β protein in islet cells (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Conversely, treatment groups administered SQP and Rg displayed augmented expressions of the aforementioned protein markers (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), alongside preserved mitochondrial cristae structure in islet β cells. Conclusion Our findings suggest that SQP can ameliorate diabetes by reducing islet cell apoptosis and resist oxidative stress. These insulin-mediated PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway plays an important regulatory role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- YueYing Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinses Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - ZhiGe Wen
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinses Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - HaoShuo Wang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinses Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinses Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Ni
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinses Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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He R, Chen Y. The Role of Adipose Tissue-derived Exosomes in Chronic Metabolic Disorders. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:463-474. [PMID: 38900388 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-024-2902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Excessive fat deposition in obese subjects promotes the occurrence of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Adipose tissue is not only the main form of energy storage but also an endocrine organ that not only secretes adipocytokines but also releases many extracellular vesicles (EVs) that play a role in the regulation of whole-body metabolism. Exosomes are a subtype of EVs, and accumulating evidence indicates that adipose tissue exosomes (AT Exos) mediate crosstalk between adipose tissue and multiple organs by being transferred to targeted cells or tissues through paracrine or endocrine mechanisms. However, the roles of AT Exos in crosstalk with metabolic organs remain to be fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress on the role of AT Exos in the regulation of metabolic disorders. Moreover, we discuss the potential role of AT Exos as biomarkers in metabolic diseases and their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Laboratory of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Laboratory of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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25
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Zhang X, Zhang D, Huo L, Zhou X, Zhang J, Li M, Su D, Sun P, Chen F, Liang X. Upregulation of α-ENaC induces pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, ER stress, and SIRT2 degradation. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:241-255. [PMID: 38769731 PMCID: PMC11144933 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Islet beta cells (β-cells) produce insulin in response to high blood glucose levels, which is essential for preserving glucose homeostasis. Voltage-gated ion channels in β-cells, including Na +, K +, and Ca 2+ channels, aid in the release of insulin. The epithelial sodium channel alpha subunit (α-ENaC), a voltage-independent sodium ion channel, is also expressed in human pancreatic endocrine cells. However, there is no reported study on the function of ENaC in the β-cells. In the current study, we found that α-ENaC was expressed in human pancreatic glandule and pancreatic islet β-cells. In the pancreas of db/db mice and high-fat diet-induced mice, and in mouse islet β-cells (MIN6 cells) treated with palmitate, α-ENaC expression was increased. When α-ENaC was overexpressed in MIN6 cells, insulin content and glucose-induced insulin secretion were significantly reduced. On the other hand, palmitate injured islet β-cells and suppressed insulin synthesis and secretion, but increased α-ENaC expression in MIN6 cells. However, α-ENaC knockout ( Scnn1a -/-) in MIN6 cells attenuated β-cell disorder induced by palmitate. Furthermore, α-ENaC regulated the ubiquitylation and degradation of sirtuin 2 in β-cells. α-ENaC also modulated β-cell function in correlation with the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha/X-box binding protein 1 (IRE1α/XBP1) and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/C/EBP homologous protein (PERK/CHOP) endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. These results suggest that α-ENaC may play a novel role in insulin synthesis and secretion in the β-cells, and the upregulation of α-ENaC promotes islet β-cell dysfunction. In conclusion, α-ENaC may be a key regulator involved in islet β-cell damage and a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lei Huo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Dongming Su
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiubin Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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26
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Li N, Hu L, Li J, Ye Y, Bao Z, Xu Z, Chen D, Tang J, Gu Y. The Immunomodulatory effect of exosomes in diabetes: a novel and attractive therapeutic tool in diabetes therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1357378. [PMID: 38720885 PMCID: PMC11076721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1357378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes carry proteins, metabolites, nucleic acids and lipids from their parent cell of origin. They are derived from cells through exocytosis, are ingested by target cells, and can transfer biological signals between local or distant cells. Therefore, exosomes are often modified in reaction to pathological processes, including infection, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and in response to metabolic perturbations such as obesity and diabetes, all of which involve a significant inflammatory aspect. Here, we discuss how immune cell-derived exosomes origin from neutrophils, T lymphocytes, macrophages impact on the immune reprogramming of diabetes and the associated complications. Besides, exosomes derived from stem cells and their immunomodulatory properties and anti-inflammation effect in diabetes are also reviewed. Moreover, As an important addition to previous reviews, we describes promising directions involving engineered exosomes as well as current challenges of clinical applications in diabetic therapy. Further research on exosomes will explore their potential in translational medicine and provide new avenues for the development of effective clinical diagnostics and therapeutic strategies for immunoregulation of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingli Hu
- Graduate School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Graduate School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyang Bao
- Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daozhen Chen
- Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Institute for Fetology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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27
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Messana VG, Fascì A, Vitale N, Micillo M, Rovere M, Pesce NA, Martines C, Efremov DG, Vaisitti T, Deaglio S. A molecular circuit linking the BCR to the NAD biosynthetic enzyme NAMPT is an actionable target in Richter syndrome. Blood Adv 2024; 8:1920-1933. [PMID: 38359376 PMCID: PMC11021907 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT This works defines, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time a molecular circuit connecting nicotinamide mononucleoside phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) activity to the B-cell receptor (BCR) pathway. Using 4 distinct xenograft models derived from patients with Richter syndrome (RS-PDX), we show that BCR cross-linking results in transcriptional activation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthetic enzyme NAMPT, with increased protein expression, in turn, positively affecting global cellular NAD levels and sirtuins activity. NAMPT blockade, by using the novel OT-82 inhibitor in combination with either BTK or PI3K inhibitors (BTKi or PI3Ki), induces rapid and potent apoptotic responses in all 4 models, independently of their mutational profile and the expression of the other NAD biosynthetic enzymes, including nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase. The connecting link in the circuit is represented by AKT that is both tyrosine- and serine-phosphorylated by PI3K and deacetylated by sirtuin 1 and 2 to obtain full kinase activation. Acetylation (ie, inhibition) of AKT after OT-82 administration was shown by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation. Consistently, pharmacological inhibition or silencing of sirtuin 1 and 2 impairs AKT activation and induces apoptosis of RS cells in combination with PI3Ki or BTKi. Lastly, treatment of RS-PDX mice with the combination of PI3Ki and OT-82 results in significant inhibition of tumor growth, with evidence of in vivo activation of apoptosis. Collectively, these data highlight a novel application for NAMPT inhibitors in combination with BTKi or PI3Ki in aggressive lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo G. Messana
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Amelia Fascì
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Vitale
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Matilde Micillo
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Rovere
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Noemi A. Pesce
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Martines
- Molecular Hematology Unit, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Dimitar G. Efremov
- Molecular Hematology Unit, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Tiziana Vaisitti
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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28
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Zhang Y, Cong R, Lv T, Liu K, Chang X, Li Y, Han X, Zhu Y. Islet-resident macrophage-derived miR-155 promotes β cell decompensation via targeting PDX1. iScience 2024; 27:109540. [PMID: 38577099 PMCID: PMC10993184 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is critical for the initiation and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus via causing both insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell dysfunction. miR-155, highly expressed in macrophages, is a master regulator of chronic inflammation. Here we show that blocking a macrophage-derived exosomal miR-155 (MDE-miR-155) mitigates the insulin resistances and glucose intolerances in high-fat-diet (HFD) feeding and type-2 diabetic db/db mice. Lentivirus-based miR-155 sponge decreases the level of miR-155 in the pancreas and improves glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) ability of β cells, thus leading to improvements of insulin sensitivities in the liver and adipose tissues. Mechanistically, miR-155 increases its expression in HFD and db/db islets and is released as exosomes by islet-resident macrophages under metabolic stressed conditions. MDE-miR-155 enters β cells and causes defects in GSIS function and insulin biosynthesis via the miR-155-PDX1 axis. Our findings offer a treatment strategy for inflammation-associated diabetes via targeting miR-155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Rong Cong
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Kerong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiaoai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yating Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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29
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Deng B, Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang D, Cheng L, Su P, Yu T, Bao G, Li G, Hong L, Miao X, Yang W, Wang R, Xie J. Novel Peptide DR3penA as a Low-Toxicity Antirenal Fibrosis Agent by Suppressing the TGF-β1/miR-212-5p/Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Class a Domain Containing 4/Smad Axis. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1126-1141. [PMID: 38633584 PMCID: PMC11020069 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a complex pathological process that contributes to the development of chronic kidney disease due to various risk factors. Conservative treatment to curb progression without dialysis or renal transplantation is widely applicable, but its effectiveness is limited. Here, the inhibitory effect of the novel peptide DR3penA (DHα-(4-pentenyl)-AlaNPQIR-NH2), which was developed by our group, on renal fibrosis was assessed in cells and mice with established fibrosis and fibrosis triggered by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), unilateral ureteral obstruction, and repeated low-dose cisplatin. DR3penA preserved renal function and ameliorated renal fibrosis at a dose approximately 100 times lower than that of captopril, which is currently used in the clinic. DR3penA also significantly reduced existing fibrosis and showed similar efficacy after subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection. Mechanistically, DR3penA repressed TGF-β1 signaling via miR-212-5p targeting of low-density lipoprotein receptor class a domain containing 4, which interacts with Smad2/3. In addition to having good pharmacological effects, DR3penA could preferentially target injured kidneys and exhibited low toxicity in acute and chronic toxicity experiments. These results unveil the advantages of DR3penA regarding efficacy and toxicity, making it a potential candidate compound for renal fibrosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochuan Deng
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Medical
Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University
Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ping Su
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tingli Yu
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guangjun Bao
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University
Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Liang Hong
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecular and Drug Discovery,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaokang Miao
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenle Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Institute
of Materia Medica and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union
Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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30
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Peng C, Chen J, Wu R, Jiang H, Li J. Unraveling the complex roles of macrophages in obese adipose tissue: an overview. Front Med 2024; 18:205-236. [PMID: 38165533 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages, a heterogeneous population of innate immune cells, exhibit remarkable plasticity and play pivotal roles in coordinating immune responses and maintaining tissue homeostasis within the context of metabolic diseases. The activation of inflammatory macrophages in obese adipose tissue leads to detrimental effects, inducing insulin resistance through increased inflammation, impaired thermogenesis, and adipose tissue fibrosis. Meanwhile, adipose tissue macrophages also play a beneficial role in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis by regulating angiogenesis, facilitating the clearance of dead adipocytes, and promoting mitochondrial transfer. Exploring the heterogeneity of macrophages in obese adipose tissue is crucial for unraveling the pathogenesis of obesity and holds significant potential for targeted therapeutic interventions. Recently, the dual effects and some potential regulatory mechanisms of macrophages in adipose tissue have been elucidated using single-cell technology. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the intricate activation mechanisms and diverse functions of macrophages in adipose tissue during obesity, as well as explore the potential of drug delivery systems targeting macrophages, aiming to enhance the understanding of current regulatory mechanisms that may be potentially targeted for treating obesity or metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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31
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Lou K, Luo H, Jiang X, Feng S. Applications of emerging extracellular vesicles technologies in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1364401. [PMID: 38545101 PMCID: PMC10965547 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1364401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The emerging extracellular vesicles technologies is an advanced therapeutic approach showing promising potential for addressing inflammatory diseases. These techniques have been proven to have positive effects on immune modulation and anti-inflammatory responses. With these advancements, a comprehensive review and update on the role of extracellular vesicles in inflammatory diseases have become timely. This review aims to summarize the research progress of extracellular vesicle technologies such as plant-derived extracellular vesicles, milk-derived extracellular vesicles, mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles, etc., in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. It elucidates their potential significance in regulating inflammation, promoting tissue repair, and treating diseases. The goal is to provide insights for future research in this field, fostering the application and development of extracellular vesicle technology in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Lou
- Department of Urology, Lanxi People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Luo
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinghua Jiang
- Department of Urology, Jingdezhen Second People’s Hospital, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shangzhi Feng
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
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32
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Liu Z, Liu Y, Xing T, Li J, Zhang L, Zhao L, Jiang Y, Gao F. Chronic heat stress inhibits glycogen synthesis through gga-miR-212-5p/GYS1 axis in the breast muscle of broilers. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103455. [PMID: 38295503 PMCID: PMC10846392 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that chronic heat stress can accelerate glycolysis, decrease glycogen content in muscle, and affect muscle quality. However, the consequences of chronic heat stress on glycogen synthesis, miRNA expression in pectoralis major (PM) muscle, and its regulatory functions remain unknown. In this study, high-throughput sequencing and cell experiments were used to explore the effects of chronic heat stress on miRNA expression profiles and the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in glycogen synthesis under chronic heat stress. In total, 144 cocks were allocated into 3 groups: the normal control (NC) group, the heat stress (HS) group, and the pair-fed (PF) group. In total, 30 differently expressed (DE) miRNAs were screened after excluding the effect of feed intake, which were mainly related to metabolism, signal transduction, cell growth and death. Furthermore, the gga-miR-212-5p/GYS1 axis was predicted to participate in glycogen synthesis through the miRNA-mRNA analysis, and a dual-luciferase reporter test assay confirmed the target relationship. Mechanistically, chronic heat stress up-regulated gga-miR-212-5p, which could inhibit the expression of GYS1 in the PM muscle. Knocking down gga-miR-212-5p alleviates the reduction of glycogen content caused by chronic heat stress; overexpression of gga-miR-212-5p can reduce glycogen content. This study provided another important mechanism for the decreased glycogen contents within the PM muscle of broilers under heat stress, which might contribute to impaired meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingsen Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaolong Li
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Jiang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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33
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Zheng W, Ji X, Yin QQ, Wu C, Xu C, Pan H, Wu C. Exosomes as Emerging Regulators of Immune Responses in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:3759339. [PMID: 38455849 PMCID: PMC10919986 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3759339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Immune dysregulation-mediated chronic low-grade inflammation is a critical factor that poses a significant risk to the metabolic disorders of T2DM and its related complications. Exosomes, as small extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, have emerged as essential regulators of intercellular communication and immune regulation. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of exosomes derived from immune and nonimmune cells in modulating immune responses in T2DM by regulating immune cell functions and cytokine production. More importantly, we suggest potential strategies for the clinical applications of exosomes in T2DM management, including biomarkers for disease diagnosis and monitoring, exosome-based therapies for drug delivery vehicles, and targeted therapy for exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Ji
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiao qiao Yin
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chensi Wu
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengan Xu
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongying Pan
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chun'an First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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34
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Cunha E Rocha K, Ying W, Olefsky JM. Exosome-Mediated Impact on Systemic Metabolism. Annu Rev Physiol 2024; 86:225-253. [PMID: 38345906 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042222-024535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that carry lipids, proteins, and microRNAs (miRNAs). They are released by all cell types and can be found not only in circulation but in many biological fluids. Exosomes are essential for interorgan communication because they can transfer their contents from donor to recipient cells, modulating cellular functions. The miRNA content of exosomes is responsible for most of their biological effects, and changes in exosomal miRNA levels can contribute to the progression or regression of metabolic diseases. As exosomal miRNAs are selectively sorted and packaged into exosomes, they can be useful as biomarkers for diagnosing diseases. The field of exosomes and metabolism is expanding rapidly, and researchers are consistently making new discoveries in this area. As a result, exosomes have great potential for a next-generation drug delivery platform for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Cunha E Rocha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Wei Ying
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
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35
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Jung I, Shin S, Baek MC, Yea K. Modification of immune cell-derived exosomes for enhanced cancer immunotherapy: current advances and therapeutic applications. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:19-31. [PMID: 38172594 PMCID: PMC10834411 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the approach to cancer treatment of malignant tumors by harnessing the body's immune system to selectively target cancer cells. Despite remarkable advances, there are still challenges in achieving successful clinical responses. Recent evidence suggests that immune cell-derived exosomes modulate the immune system to generate effective antitumor immune responses, making them a cutting-edge therapeutic strategy. However, natural exosomes are limited in clinical application due to their low drug delivery efficiency and insufficient antitumor capacity. Technological advancements have allowed exosome modifications to magnify their intrinsic functions, load different therapeutic cargoes, and preferentially target tumor sites. These engineered exosomes exert potent antitumor effects and have great potential for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we describe ingenious modification strategies to attain the desired performance. Moreover, we systematically summarize the tumor-controlling properties of engineered immune cell-derived exosomes in innate and adaptive immunity. Collectively, this review provides a comprehensive and intuitive guide for harnessing the potential of modified immune cell-derived exosome-based approaches, offering valuable strategies to enhance and optimize cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inseong Jung
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Shin
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Chang Baek
- Department of Molecular Medicine, CMRI, Exosome Convergence Research Center (ECRC), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyungmoo Yea
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
- New Biology Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, 43024, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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Zhu C, Pan L, Zhou F, Mao R, Hong Y, Wan R, Li X, Jin L, Zou H, Zhang H, Chen QM, Li S. Urocortin2 attenuates diabetic coronary microvascular dysfunction by regulating macrophage extracellular vesicles. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 219:115976. [PMID: 38081372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic patients develop coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) and exhibit high mortality of coronary artery disease. Methylglyoxal (MGO) largely accumulates in the circulation due to diabetes. We addressed whether macrophages exposed to MGO exhibited damaging effect on the coronary artery and whether urocortin2 (UCN2) serve as protecting factors against such diabetes-associated complication. Type 2 diabetes was induced by high-fat diet and a single low-dose streptozotocin in mice. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) derived from MGO-treated macrophages (MGO-sEV) were used to produce diabetes-like CMD. UCN2 was examined for a protective role against CMD. The involvement of arginase1 and IL-33 was tested by pharmacological inhibitor and IL-33-/- mice. MGO-sEV was capable of causing coronary artery endothelial dysfunction similar to that by diabetes. Immunocytochemistry studies of diabetic coronary arteries supported the transfer of arginase1 from macrophages to endothelial cells. Mechanism studies revealed arginase1 contributed to the impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation of coronary arteries in diabetic and MGO-sEV-treated mice. UCN2 significantly improved coronary artery endothelial function, and prevented MGO elevation in diabetic mice or enrichment of arginase1 in MGO-sEV. Diabetes caused a reduction of IL-33, which was also reversed by UCN2. IL-33-/- mice showed impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation of coronary arteries, which can be mitigated by arginase1 inhibition but can't be improved by UCN2 anymore, indicating the importance of restoring IL-33 for the protection against diabetic CMD by UCN2. Our data suggest that MGO-sEV induces CMD via shuttling arginase1 to coronary arteries. UCN2 is able to protect against diabetic CMD via modulating MGO-altered macrophage sEV cargoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Lihua Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Feier Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rongchen Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yali Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lai Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Huayiyang Zou
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qin M Chen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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38
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Pierre TH, Toren E, Kepple J, Hunter CS. Epigenetic Regulation of Pancreas Development and Function. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2024; 239:1-30. [PMID: 39283480 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
The field of epigenetics broadly seeks to define heritable phenotypic modifications that occur within cells without changes to the underlying DNA sequence. These modifications allow for precise control and specificity of function between cell types-ultimately creating complex organ systems that all contain the same DNA but only have access to the genes and sequences necessary for their cell-type-specific functions. The pancreas is an organ that contains varied cellular compartments with functions ranging from highly regulated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the β-cell to the pancreatic ductal cells that form a tight epithelial lining for the delivery of digestive enzymes. With diabetes cases on the rise worldwide, understanding the epigenetic mechanisms driving β-cell identity, function, and even disease is particularly valuable. In this chapter, we will discuss the known epigenetic modifications in pancreatic islet cells, how they are deposited, and the environmental and metabolic contributions to epigenetic mechanisms. We will also explore how a deeper understanding of epigenetic effectors can be used as a tool for diabetes therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Hans Pierre
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eliana Toren
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jessica Kepple
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chad S Hunter
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Wang Y, Cui L, Zhao H, He H, Chen L, Song X, Liu D, Qiu J, Sun Y. Exploring the Connectivity of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Microglia as the Center. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:6107-6121. [PMID: 38107384 PMCID: PMC10725686 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s440377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Degenerative diseases affect people's life and health and cause a severe social burden. Relevant mechanisms of microglia have been studied, aiming to control and reduce degenerative disease occurrence effectively. This review discussed the specific mechanisms underlying microglia in neurodegenerative diseases, age-related hearing loss, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and peripheral nervous system (PNS) degenerative diseases. It also reviewed the studies of microglia inhibitors (PLX3397/PLX5622) and activators (lipopolysaccharide), and suggested that reducing microglia can effectively curb the genesis and progression of degenerative diseases. Finally, microglial cells' anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory dual role was considered the critical communication point in central and peripheral degenerative diseases. Although it is difficult to describe the complex morphological structure of microglia in a unified manner, this does not prevent them from being a target for future treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- The Second Medical College, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Limei Cui
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - He Zhao
- The Second Medical College, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huhuifen He
- The Second Medical College, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xicheng Song
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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Li JM, Li X, Chan LWC, Hu R, Zheng T, Li H, Yang S. Lipotoxicity-polarised macrophage-derived exosomes regulate mitochondrial fitness through Miro1-mediated mitophagy inhibition and contribute to type 2 diabetes development in mice. Diabetologia 2023; 66:2368-2386. [PMID: 37615690 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Insulin resistance is a major pathophysiological defect in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Numerous experimental and clinical studies have provided evidence that sustained lipotoxicity-induced mitophagy deficiency can exacerbate insulin resistance, leading to a vicious cycle between mitophagy dysfunction and insulin resistance, and thereby the onset of type 2 diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that exosomes (Exos) from M2 macrophages play an essential role in modulating metabolic homeostasis. However, how macrophages are affected by lipotoxicity and the role of lipotoxicity in promoting macrophage activation to the M1 state have not been determined. The objective of this study was to determine whether M1 macrophage-derived Exos polarised by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipotoxicity contribute to metabolic homeostasis and impact the development of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Lipotoxicity-polarised macrophage-derived M1 Exos were isolated from bone marrow (C57BL/6J mouse)-derived macrophages treated with LPS+PA. Exos were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. Flow cytometry, H&E staining, quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, glucose uptake and output assays, confocal microscopy imaging, western blotting, GTTs and ITTs were conducted to investigate tissue inflammation, mitochondrial function and insulin resistance in vitro and in vivo. The roles of miR-27-3p and its target gene Miro1 (also known as Rhot1, encoding mitochondrial rho GTPase 1) and relevant pathways were predicted and assessed in vitro and in vivo using specific miRNA mimic, miRNA inhibitor, miRNA antagomir and siRNA. RESULTS miR-27-3p was highly expressed in M1 Exos and functioned as a Miro1-inactivating miRNA through the miR-27-3p-Miro1 axis, leading to mitochondria fission rather than fusion as well as mitophagy impairment, resulting in NOD-like receptor 3 inflammatory activation and development of insulin resistance both in vivo and in vitro. Inactivation of miR-27-3p induced by M1 Exos prevented type 2 diabetes development in high-fat-diet-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings suggest that the miR-27-3p-Miro1 axis, as a novel regulatory mechanism for mitophagy, could be considered as a new therapeutic target for lipotoxicity-related type 2 diabetes disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Li
- Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Lawrence W C Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ruinian Hu
- School of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haojie Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijun Yang
- Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Pagoni M, Cava C, Sideris DC, Avgeris M, Zoumpourlis V, Michalopoulos I, Drakoulis N. miRNA-Based Technologies in Cancer Therapy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1586. [PMID: 38003902 PMCID: PMC10672431 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of therapeutic miRNAs is one of the most exciting challenges for pharmaceutical companies. Since the first miRNA was discovered in 1993, our knowledge of miRNA biology has grown considerably. Many studies have demonstrated that miRNA expression is dysregulated in many diseases, making them appealing tools for novel therapeutic approaches. This review aims to discuss miRNA biogenesis and function, as well as highlight strategies for delivering miRNA agents, presenting viral, non-viral, and exosomic delivery as therapeutic approaches for different cancer types. We also consider the therapeutic role of microRNA-mediated drug repurposing in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pagoni
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Claudia Cava
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Diamantis C. Sideris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece;
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vassilios Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Michalopoulos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
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Chao Y, Gu T, Zhang Z, Wu T, Wang J, Bi Y. The role of miRNAs carried by extracellular vesicles in type 2 diabetes and its complications. J Diabetes 2023; 15:838-852. [PMID: 37583355 PMCID: PMC10590682 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes poses severe global public health problems and places heavy burdens on the medical and economic systems of society. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounts for 90% of these cases. Diabetes also often accompanies serious complications that threaten multiple organs such as the brain, eyes, kidneys, and the cardiovascular system. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) carried by extracellular vesicles (EV-miRNAs) are considered to mediate cross-organ and cross-cellular communication and have a vital role in the pathophysiology of T2D. They also offer promising sources of diabetes-related biomarkers and serve as effective therapeutic targets. Here, we briefly reviewed studies of EV-miRNAs in T2D and related complications. Specially, we innovatively explore the targeting nature of miRNA action due to the target specificity of vesicle binding, aiding mechanism understanding as well as the detection and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Chao
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic DiseasesNanjingChina
| | - Tianwei Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic DiseasesNanjingChina
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic DiseasesNanjingChina
| | - Tianyu Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic DiseasesNanjingChina
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic DiseasesNanjingChina
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic DiseasesNanjingChina
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Hu S, Hu Y, Yan W. Extracellular vesicle-mediated interorgan communication in metabolic diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:571-582. [PMID: 37394346 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The body partially maintains metabolic homeostasis through interorgan communication between metabolic organs under physiological conditions. This crosstalk is known to be mediated by hormones or metabolites, and has recently been expanding to include extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs participate in interorgan communication under physiological and pathological conditions by encapsulating various bioactive cargoes, including proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids. In this review we summarize the latest findings about the metabolic regulation of EV biogenesis, secretion, and components, and highlight the biological role of EV cargoes in interorgan communication in cancer, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. We also discuss the potential application of EVs as diagnostic markers, and corresponding therapeutic strategies by EV engineering for both early detection and treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Camaya I, O’Brien B, Donnelly S. How do parasitic worms prevent diabetes? An exploration of their influence on macrophage and β-cell crosstalk. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1205219. [PMID: 37564976 PMCID: PMC10411736 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1205219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is the fastest growing chronic disease globally, with prevalence increasing at a faster rate than heart disease and cancer. While the disease presents clinically as chronic hyperglycaemia, two distinct subtypes have been recognised. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterised as an autoimmune disease in which the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells are destroyed, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) arises due to metabolic insufficiency, in which inadequate amounts of insulin are produced, and/or the actions of insulin are diminished. It is now apparent that pro-inflammatory responses cause a loss of functional β-cell mass, and this is the common underlying mechanism of both T1D and T2D. Macrophages are the central immune cells in the pathogenesis of both diseases and play a major role in the initiation and perpetuation of the proinflammatory responses that compromise β-cell function. Furthermore, it is the crosstalk between macrophages and β-cells that orchestrates the inflammatory response and ensuing β-cell dysfunction/destruction. Conversely, this crosstalk can induce immune tolerance and preservation of β-cell mass and function. Thus, specifically targeting the intercellular communication between macrophages and β-cells offers a unique strategy to prevent/halt the islet inflammatory events underpinning T1D and T2D. Due to their potent ability to regulate mammalian immune responses, parasitic worms (helminths), and their excretory/secretory products, have been examined for their potential as therapeutic agents for both T1D and T2D. This research has yielded positive results in disease prevention, both clinically and in animal models. However, the focus of research has been on the modulation of immune cells and their effectors. This approach has ignored the direct effects of helminths and their products on β-cells, and the modulation of signal exchange between macrophages and β-cells. This review explores how the alterations to macrophages induced by helminths, and their products, influence the crosstalk with β-cells to promote their function and survival. In addition, the evidence that parasite-derived products interact directly with endocrine cells to influence their communication with macrophages to prevent β-cell death and enhance function is discussed. This new paradigm of two-way metabolic conversations between endocrine cells and macrophages opens new avenues for the treatment of immune-mediated metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sheila Donnelly
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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Paneru BD, Hill DA. The role of extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs in adipose tissue function and metabolic health. IMMUNOMETABOLISM (COBHAM, SURREY) 2023; 5:e00027. [PMID: 37501663 PMCID: PMC10371064 DOI: 10.1097/in9.0000000000000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometer size lipid particles that are released from virtually every cell type. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs carried by EVs play important roles in intercellular and interorgan communication. In the context of obesity and insulin resistance, EV-derived miRNAs functionally bridge major metabolic organs, including the adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, liver, and pancreas, to regulate insulin secretion and signaling. As a result, many of these EV-derived miRNAs have been proposed as potential disease biomarkers and/or therapeutic agents. However, the field's knowledge of EV miRNA-mediated regulation of mammalian metabolism is still in its infancy. Here, we review the evidence indicating that EV-derived miRNAs provide cell-to-cell and organ-to-organ communication to support metabolic health, highlight the potential medical relevance of these discoveries, and discuss the most important knowledge gaps and future directions for this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bam D. Paneru
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A. Hill
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Immunology, and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Wei J, Wang Z, Han T, Chen J, Ou Y, Wei L, Zhu X, Wang K, Yan Z, Han YP, Zheng X. Extracellular vesicle-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islet in health and diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1170237. [PMID: 37305058 PMCID: PMC10248434 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1170237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic metabolic disease with high mortality and morbidity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel class of signaling molecules, biomarkers and therapeutic agents. EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islets plays a crucial role in the regulation of insulin secretion of β-cells and insulin action in peripheral insulin target tissues, maintaining glucose homeostasis under physiological conditions, and it's also involved in pathological changes including autoimmune response, insulin resistance and β-cell failure associated with DM. In addition, EVs may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic agents that respectively reflect the status and improve function and viability of pancreatic islets. In this review, we provide an overview of EVs, discuss EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islet under physiological and diabetic conditions, and summarize the emerging applications of EVs in the diagnosis and treatment of DM. A better understanding of EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan communication of pancreatic islets will broaden and enrich our knowledge of physiological homeostasis maintenance as well as the development, diagnosis and treatment of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlun Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenghao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tingrui Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaoting Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Ou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhe Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Han
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, The College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Xiong P, Zhang F, Liu F, Zhao J, Huang X, Luo D, Guo J. Metaflammation in glucolipid metabolic disorders: Pathogenesis and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114545. [PMID: 36948135 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The public health issue of glucolipid metabolic disorders (GLMD) has grown significantly, posing a grave threat to human wellness. Its prevalence is rising yearly and tends to affect younger people. Metaflammation is an important mechanism regulating body metabolism. Through a complicated multi-organ crosstalk network involving numerous signaling pathways such as NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1, NF-B, p38 MAPK, IL-6/STAT3, and PI3K/AKT, it influences systemic metabolic regulation. Numerous inflammatory mediators are essential for preserving metabolic balance, but more research is needed to determine how they contribute to the co-morbidities of numerous metabolic diseases. Whether controlling the inflammatory response can influence the progression of GLMD determines the therapeutic strategy for such diseases. This review thoroughly examines the role of metaflammation in GLMD and combs the research progress of related therapeutic approaches, including inflammatory factor-targeting drugs, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and exercise therapy. Multiple metabolic diseases, including diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, and others, respond therapeutically to anti-inflammatory therapy on the whole. Moreover, we emphasize the value and open question of anti-inflammatory-based means for treating GLMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingjie Xiong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China.
| | - Duosheng Luo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Yin D, Cao JY, Yang Y, Li ZT, Liu H, Tang TT, Ni WJ, Zhang YL, Jiang W, Wen Y, Li ZL, Zhao J, Lv LL, Liu BC, Wang B. Quercetin alleviates tubulointerstitial inflammation by inhibiting exosomes-mediated crosstalk between tubular epithelial cells and macrophages. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1051-1067. [PMID: 37039838 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubulointerstitial inflammation (TII) is a critical pathological feature of kidney disease leading to renal fibrosis, and its treatment remains a major clinical challenge. We sought to explore the role of quercetin, a potential exosomes inhibitor, in exosomes release and TII. METHODS The effects of quercetin on exosomes release and TII were examined by two TII mouse models: the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) models and the LPS-induced mouse models. In vitro, exosomes-mediated crosstalk between tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and macrophages was performed to investigate the mechanisms by which quercetin inhibited exosomes and TII. RESULTS In this study, we found that exosomes-mediated crosstalk between TECs and macrophages contributed to the development of TII. In vitro, exosomes released from LPS-stimulated TECs induced increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic markers in Raw264·7 cells and vice versa. Interestingly, heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) or Hsp90 proteins could control exosomes release from TECs and macrophages both in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, quercetin, a previously recognized heat shock protein inhibitor, could significantly reduce exosomes release in TII models by down-regulating Hsp70 or Hsp90. Quercetin abrogated exosomes-mediated intercellular communication, which attenuated TII and renal fibrosis accordingly. CONCLUSION Quercetin could serve as a novel strategy for treatment of tubulointerstitial inflammation by inhibiting the exosomes-mediated crosstalk between tubules and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yin
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Nephrology, Taixing People's Hospital, Taizhou, 225400, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Cao
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhong-Tang Li
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tao-Tao Tang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wei-Jie Ni
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi-Lin Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zuo-Lin Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Lin-Li Lv
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Burganova G, Schonblum A, Sakhneny L, Epshtein A, Wald T, Tzaig M, Landsman L. Pericytes modulate islet immune cells and insulin secretion through Interleukin-33 production in mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1142988. [PMID: 36967785 PMCID: PMC10034381 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1142988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immune cells were recently shown to support β-cells and insulin secretion. However, little is known about how islet immune cells are regulated to maintain glucose homeostasis. Administration of various cytokines, including Interleukin-33 (IL-33), was shown to influence β-cell function. However, the role of endogenous, locally produced IL-33 in pancreatic function remains unknown. Here, we show that IL-33, produced by pancreatic pericytes, is required for glucose homeostasis. Methods To characterize pancreatic IL-33 production, we employed gene expression, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence analyses. To define the role of this cytokine, we employed transgenic mouse systems to delete the Il33 gene selectively in pancreatic pericytes, in combination with the administration of recombinant IL-33. Glucose response was measured in vivo and in vitro, and morphometric and molecular analyses were used to measure β-cell mass and gene expression. Immune cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Resuts Our results show that pericytes are the primary source of IL-33 in the pancreas. Mice lacking pericytic IL-33 were glucose intolerant due to impaired insulin secretion. Selective loss of pericytic IL-33 was further associated with reduced T and dendritic cell numbers in the islets and lower retinoic acid production by islet macrophages. Discussion Our study demonstrates the importance of local, pericytic IL-33 production for glucose regulation. Additionally, it proposes that pericytes regulate islet immune cells to support β-cell function in an IL-33-dependent manner. Our study reveals an intricate cellular network within the islet niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Limor Landsman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Castaño C, Novials A, Párrizas M. An Overview of Inter-Tissue and Inter-Kingdom Communication Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Mammalian Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2071. [PMID: 36768391 PMCID: PMC9916451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with defects of insulin action in different tissues or alterations in β-cell secretory capacity that may be triggered by environmental challenges, inadequate lifestyle choices, or an underlying genetic predisposition. In addition, recent data shows that obesity may also be caused by perturbations of the gut microbiota, which then affect metabolic function and energy homeostasis in the host. Maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in complex organisms such as mammals requires organismal-level communication, including between the different organs and the gut microbiota. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified in all domains of life and have emerged as crucial players in inter-organ and inter-kingdom crosstalk. Interestingly, EVs found in edible vegetables or in milk have been shown to influence gut microbiota or tissue function in mammals. Moreover, there is a multidirectional crosstalk mediated by EVs derived from gut microbiota and body organs that has implications for host health. Untangling this complex signaling network may help implement novel therapies for the treatment of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Castaño
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Novials
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcelina Párrizas
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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