1
|
Lin W, Lai Y, Zhuang S, Wei Q, Zhang H, Hu Q, Cheng P, Zhang M, Zhai Y, Wang Q, Han Z, Hou H. The effects of prenatal PM 2.5 oxidative potential exposure on feto-placental vascular resistance and fetal weight: A repeated-measures study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116543. [PMID: 37406720 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feto-placental hemodynamic deterioration is a critical contributing factor to fetal growth restriction. Whether PM2.5 oxidative potential (OP) affects feto-placental hemodynamics and what impact is on estimated fetal weight (EFW) have not been fully elucidated. We sought to evaluate the association of PM2.5 OP with EFW and to explore whether feto-placental vascular impedance hemodynamic change is a possible mediator in this association. METHODS A repeated-measures study was conducted involving sixty pregnant women with at least 26 weeks of follow-up during pregnancy in Guangzhou, China, from September 2017 to October 2018. Daily filter-based PM2.5 samples were prospectively collected from ground monitors, and estimates of OP for PM2.5 and its metallic (OPv-metal) and non-metallic constituents (OPv-nonmental) were determined by dithiothreitol assay. Ultrasound data of fetal growth and umbilical arterial resistance, including estimated fetal weight (EFW), pulsatility index, resistance index, and systolic-to-diastolic ratio, were also obtained during gestation. Generalized estimating equations and polynomial distribution lag models were applied to analyze the associations of maternal exposure to PM2.5 OP with EFW and umbilical artery indices. Causal mediation analysis was used to evaluate the mediating role of umbilical arterial resistance. RESULTS Prenatal exposure to ambient PM2.5 OP was significantly inversely associated with EFW. The magnitudes of effects of OPv-nonmetal on EFW were larger than those of OPv-metal. Significant mediation for the relationship between PM2.5-related OP and EFW by increased impedance in the umbilical artery was observed, with the estimated percent mediated ranging from 31% to 61%. The estimated percent mediated for OPv-nonmetal was higher than those for OPv-metal. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that increased impedance in the umbilical artery may be one of the potential mediators of the relationship between PM2.5 oxidative potential exposure and low fetal weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Lin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yuming Lai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuling Zhuang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiannan Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hedi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiansheng Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering, Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Manman Zhang
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering, Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yuhong Zhai
- Guangdong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Air Quality Monitoring, Guangzhou, 510308, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhenyan Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hongying Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma Y, Liang C, Wang Z, Wang X, Xie L, Tao S, Yan S, Wu X, Wei Z, Tong J, Tao X, Tao F. Association between prenatal metals exposure and blood pressure in 5-6 years children: A birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:114974. [PMID: 36463992 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trajectory of blood pressure (BP) from childhood to early middle age suggested that individuals with elevated BP in early childhood were more likely to be affected by cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Exposure to metals may affect BP in children, and pregnancy is a sensitive time for metal exposure. This study assessed the relationship between different stages of prenatal exposure to metals or metal mixtures and BP in children aged 5-6 years. METHODS The study included 2535, 2680, 2534 mother-child pairs in three trimesters, from the Ma'anshan birth cohort study (MABC). We collected maternal blood samples during pregnancy and measured the serum levels of four metals (arsenic, selenium, cadmium, and mercury). BP was measured in children aged 5-6 years. A linear regression model and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to explore associations between prenatal exposure to metals at different stages and multiple metal exposure with BP in children aged 5-6 years. RESULTS Associations were observed between the arsenic in the third trimester and children's diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (β = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.44, 1.33), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.19, 1.24) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (β = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.42, 1.23), as well as between the mercury and children's DBP (β = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.13, 1.16) and MAP (β = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.14, 1.07). The BKMR analysis showed that multiple metals had a significant positive joint effect on children's DBP, SBP and MAP. A potential interaction between arsenic and mercury was observed (β = -0.85, 95% CI: -1.62, -0.08). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to arsenic and mercury during pregnancy was associated with altered BP in children. The third trimester may represent an important window of opportunity to reduce the effects of metal exposure on children's blood pressure and long-term health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Ma
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Liangliang Xie
- Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health Center, No 446 Jiashan Road, Ma'anshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shuman Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuangqin Yan
- Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health Center, No 446 Jiashan Road, Ma'anshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhaolian Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Tong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xingyong Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Davydova YA, Nesterkova DV, Mukhacheva SV. Morphological parameters of hepatocytes in the European mole (Talpa europaea) and herb field mouse (Sylvaemus uralensis) under industrial pollution: Qualitative and quantitative assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:300. [PMID: 36642744 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10810-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Morphological alterations of cells and tissues usually occur in biological organisms exposed to environmental contaminants, there by acting as a biomarker of environmental pollution, thus, making this study highly pertinent. The effect of industrial pollution on the qualitative and quantitative morphological parameters of hepatocytes (through histological analysis and cytomorphometry) was studied in two contrasting species of small mammals (Talpa europaea and Sylvaemus uralensis), taking into account the animal age (young and adult groups) and liver concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb). Studies were performed in the regions exposed to emissions from two currently operating copper smelters: Middle Ural Copper Smelter (Middle Urals, T. europaea catching area) and Karabash Copper Smelter (Southern Urals, S. uralensis catching area). Seven morphometric parameters of hepatocytes were measured, of which two key parameters were selected by the method of principal components-the cell packing density and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (N/C). It was found that cell packing density in T. europaea from the impact zone decreased relative to the background area in young animals. At the same time, the differences in this parameter between the age groups from the background zone were leveled in the impact area of catching. The N/C ratio in T. europaea hepatocytes showed no correlation with either animal age or site of capture (background or impact area). In S. uralensis, both parameters, even taking into account the age, were found to be insensitive to indicate an effect of industrial pollution. Dystrophic changes (tested through histological analysis) in the liver tissue were revealed in all animal groups, but their frequency did not depend on any of the factors (age, zone) as well as the level of accumulation of toxic heavy metals (Cd, Pb). Morphometric parameters of hepatocytes have proved to be more reliable indicators of pollution, compared to the frequency of liver histopathology, due to lower subjectivity in their evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A Davydova
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. 8 Marta 202, 620144, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Dina V Nesterkova
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. 8 Marta 202, 620144, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Mukhacheva
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. 8 Marta 202, 620144, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mukhacheva SV, Bezel VS, Baranovskaya NV, Belyanovskaya AI. Accumulation of Macro- and Trace Elements in the “Mother–Placenta–Fetus” System in Bank Voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) in the Area of a Large Copper Smelter. RUSS J ECOL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413622060121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
5
|
Maciejewski R, Radzikowska-Büchner E, Flieger W, Kulczycka K, Baj J, Forma A, Flieger J. An Overview of Essential Microelements and Common Metallic Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Male Fertility. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191711066. [PMID: 36078782 PMCID: PMC9518444 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Numerous factors affect reproduction, including stress, diet, obesity, the use of stimulants, or exposure to toxins, along with heavy elements (lead, silver, cadmium, uranium, vanadium, mercury, arsenic). Metals, like other xenotoxins, can cause infertility through, e.g., impairment of endocrine function and gametogenesis or excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The advancement of nanotechnology has created another hazard to human safety through exposure to metals in the form of nanomaterials (NMs). Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a specific ability to penetrate cell membranes and biological barriers in the human body. These ultra-fine particles (<100 nm) can enter the human body through the respiratory tract, food, skin, injection, or implantation. Once absorbed, NPs are transported to various organs through the blood or lymph. Absorbed NPs, thanks to ultrahigh reactivity compared to bulk materials in microscale size, disrupt the homeostasis of the body as a result of interaction with biological molecules such as DNA, lipids, and proteins; interfering with the functioning of cells, organs, and physiological systems; and leading to severe pathological dysfunctions. Over the past decades, much research has been performed on the reproductive effects of essential trace elements. The research hypothesis that disturbances in the metabolism of trace elements are one of the many causes of infertility has been unquestionably confirmed. This review examines the complex reproductive risks for men regarding the exposure to potentially harmless xenobiotics based on a series of 298 articles over the past 30 years. The research was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases searching for papers devoted to in vivo and in vitro studies related to the influence of essential elements (iron, selenium, manganese, cobalt, zinc, copper, and molybdenum) and widely used metallic NPs on male reproduction potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wojciech Flieger
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kinga Kulczycka
- Institute of Health Sciences, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8B, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81448-7182
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dutta S, Gorain B, Choudhury H, Roychoudhury S, Sengupta P. Environmental and occupational exposure of metals and female reproductive health. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62067-62092. [PMID: 34558053 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Untainted environment promotes health, but the last few decades experienced steep upsurge in environmental contaminants posing detrimental physiological impact. The responsible factors mainly include the exponential growth of human population, havoc rise in industrialization, poorly planned urbanization, and slapdash environment management. Environmental degradation can increase the likelihood of human exposure to heavy metals, resulting in health consequences such as reproductive problems. As a result, research into metal-induced causes of reproductive impairment at the genetic, epigenetic, and biochemical levels must be strengthened further. These metals impact upon the female reproduction at all strata of its regulation and functions, be it development, maturation, or endocrine functions, and are linked to an increase in the causes of infertility in women. Chronic exposures to the heavy metals may lead to breast cancer, endometriosis, endometrial cancer, menstrual disorders, and spontaneous abortions, as well as pre-term deliveries, stillbirths. For example, endometriosis, endometrial cancer, and spontaneous abortions are all caused by the metalloestrogen cadmium (Cd); lead (Pb) levels over a certain threshold can cause spontaneous abortion and have a teratogenic impact; toxic amounts of mercury (Hg) have an influence on the menstrual cycle, which can lead to infertility. Impact of environmental exposure to heavy metals on female fertility is therefore a well-known fact. Thus, the underlying mechanisms must be explained and periodically updated, given the growing evidence on the influence of increasing environmental heavy metal load on female fertility. The purpose of this review is to give a concise overview of how heavy metal affects female reproductive health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Hira Choudhury
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang C, Pi X, Yin S, Liu M, Tian T, Jin L, Liu J, Li Z, Wang L, Yuan Z, Wang Y, Ren A. Maternal exposure to heavy metals and risk for severe congenital heart defects in offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113432. [PMID: 35533713 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common congenital malformations with a complex etiology, and environmental factors play an important role. Large epidemiology studies on prenatal exposure to selected heavy metals and their association with risk for CHDs are scarce and joint effects are not well understood. OBJECTIVES To examine the association between prenatal exposure to selected heavy metals and risk for CHDs. METHODS Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the maternal plasma concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, and manganese were in 303 CHD cases and 303 healthy controls that were recruited in eight hospitals in China. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were fitted to evaluate the individual and joint effects of metal concentrations on CHDs. RESULTS In GLMM, two metals were each significantly associated with an increased risk for CHDs [adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval): mercury, 2.88 (1.22-6.77); lead, 2.74 (1.00-7.57)]. In BKMR, CHD risk increased with mixture levels of the five metals when their concentrations were at the 40th percentile or higher, compared to when all metals were below their 35th percentile, and mercury was the major metal that contributed to the mixture effect. The interaction between mercury and lead was observed in BKMR. CONCLUSIONS Using metal concentrations in maternal plasma obtained during the second or third trimester as exposure markers, we found that the risk of CHDs increased with the levels of the mixtures of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Mn, with Hg being the most important contributor to the mixture effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengrong Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Pi
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengju Yin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koszewicz M, Markowska K, Waliszewska-Prosol M, Poreba R, Gac P, Szymanska-Chabowska A, Mazur G, Wieczorek M, Ejma M, Slotwinski K, Budrewicz S. The impact of chronic co-exposure to different heavy metals on small fibers of peripheral nerves. A study of metal industry workers. J Occup Med Toxicol 2021; 16:12. [PMID: 33858451 PMCID: PMC8048227 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-021-00302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic exposure to heavy metals affects various organs, among them the brain and peripheral nerves. Polyneuropathy is mainly length-dependent with predominantly sensory symptoms. There have been few studies on small fiber neuropathy due to heavy metal intoxication. Methods We investigated 41 metal industry workers, mean age 51.3 ± 10.5 years, with at least 5 years’ professional exposure to heavy metals, and 36 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We performed neurological examinations, and assessed blood levels of cadmium, lead, and zinc protoporphyrin, urine levels of arsenic, standard, sensory and motor electrophysiological tests in the ulnar and peroneal nerves, sympathetic skin responses from the palm and foot, and quantitative sensation testing from dermatomes C8 and S1. Discussion The results of standard conduction tests of all nerves significantly differed between groups. The latency of sympathetic skin responses achieved from the foot was also statistically significantly prolonged in the study group. Significant differences were seen in both C8 and S1 regions for temperature and pain thresholds, and for vibratory threshold only in the S1 region, while the dispersions of low and high temperatures were important exclusively in the C8 region. Conclusions We can conclude that co-exposure to many heavy metals results in explicit impairment of peripheral nerves. The lesion is more pronounced within small fibers and is predominantly connected with greater impairment of temperature-dependent pain thresholds. The evaluation of small fiber function should be considered in the early diagnosis of toxic polyneuropathy or in low-dose exposure to heavy metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Koszewicz
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Markowska
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Poreba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-550, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Gac
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-345, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Szymanska-Chabowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-550, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-550, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wieczorek
- Faculty of Earth Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Wroclaw, Plac Uniwersytecki 1, 50-137, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Ejma
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Slotwinski
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Slawomir Budrewicz
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Metallic Contamination of the Muscles of Three Fish Species from the Moulouya River (Lower Moulouya, Eastern Morocco). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8824535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study introduces a spatiotemporal evaluation of the metallic contamination with three trace metals (mercury, lead, and cadmium) in the muscles of three fish species (Lepomis macrochirus, Barbus callensis, and Barbus nasus), of which the samples were taken from three stations in the Moulouya River: the confluence of the Moulouya River and the Sebra River (station 1), the neighbourhood of the farms in the region of Aklim downstream from confluence of Lakhmis river (station 2), and the level of ancient bridge of Ras El Ma-Moulouya (station 3), during the period from July 2017 to May 2018. The results have allowed us to highlight rather high contents of lead and mercury in the fish muscles, mainly in station 1, which receives domestic and industrial discharges. The contents of cadmium in all fish species in different stations are very low. Moreover, all concentrations assessed in different fish species do not exceed the maximum limit recommended by European Community (EC) Commission Regulation No. 1881/2006.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zijlmans W, Wickliffe J, Hindori-Mohangoo A, MacDonald-Ottevanger S, Ouboter P, Landburg G, Codrington J, Roosblad J, Baldewsingh G, Ramjatan R, Gokoel A, Abdoel Wahid F, Fortes Soares L, Alcala C, Boedhoe E, Grünberg AW, Hawkins W, Shankar A, Harville E, Drury SS, Covert H, Lichtveld M. Caribbean Consortium for Research in Environmental and Occupational Health (CCREOH) Cohort Study: influences of complex environmental exposures on maternal and child health in Suriname. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034702. [PMID: 32928846 PMCID: PMC7488800 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Caribbean Consortium for Research in Environmental and Occupational Health prospective environmental epidemiologic cohort study addresses the impact of chemical and non-chemical environmental exposures on mother/child dyads in Suriname. The study determines associations between levels of environmental elements and toxicants in pregnant women, and birth outcomes and neurodevelopment in their children. PARTICIPANTS Pregnant women (N=1143) were enrolled from December 2016 to July 2019 from three regions of Suriname: Paramaribo (N=738), Nickerie (N=204) and the tropical rainforest interior (N=201). Infants (N=992) were enrolled at birth. Follow-up will take place until children are 48 months old. FINDINGS TO DATE Biospecimens and questionnaire data on physiological and psychosocial health in pregnant women have been analysed. 39.1% had hair mercury (Hg) levels exceeding values considered safe by international standards. Median hair Hg concentrations in women from Paramaribo (N=522) were 0.64 µg/g hair (IQRs 0.36-1.09; range 0.00-7.12), from Nickerie (N=176) 0.73 µg/g (IQR 0.45-1.05; range 0.00-5.79) and the interior (N=178) 3.48 µg/g (IQR 1.92-7.39; range 0.38-18.20). 96.1% of women ate fish, respective consumption of the three most consumed carnivorous species, Hoplias aimara, Serrasalmus rhombeus and Cichla ocellaris, known to have high Hg levels, was 44.4%, 19.3% and 26.3%, respectively, and was greater among the interior subcohort. 89% frequently consumed the vegetable tannia, samples of which showed presence of worldwide banned pesticides. 24.9% of pregnant women had Edinburgh Depression Scale scores indicative of probable depression. FUTURE PLANS Fish consumption advisories are in development, especially relevant to interior women for whom fish consumption is likely to be the primary source of Hg exposure. Effects of potentially beneficial neuroprotective factors in fish that may counter neurotoxic effects of Hg are being examined. A pesticide literacy assessment in pregnant women is in progress. Neurodevelopmental assessments and telomere length measurements of the children to evaluate long-term effects of prenatal exposures to toxicant mixtures are ongoing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilco Zijlmans
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pediatrics, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
- Scientific Research Center Suriname, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Wickliffe
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Ashna Hindori-Mohangoo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
- Foundation for Perinatal Interventions and Research in Suriname (Perisur), Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Sigrid MacDonald-Ottevanger
- Scientific Research Center Suriname, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname
- Department of Clinical Chemistry Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Ouboter
- Institute for Neotropical Wildlife & Environmental Studies, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Gwendolyn Landburg
- National Zoological Collection of Suriname/Center for Environmental Research, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - John Codrington
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Jimmy Roosblad
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pediatrics, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Gaitree Baldewsingh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pediatrics, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
- Medical Mission Primary Health Care Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Radha Ramjatan
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pediatrics, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
- Regional Health Service, Nickerie, Suriname
| | - Anisma Gokoel
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pediatrics, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
- Scientific Research Center Suriname, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Firoz Abdoel Wahid
- Scientific Research Center Suriname, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Lissa Fortes Soares
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Cecilia Alcala
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Esther Boedhoe
- Scientific Research Center Suriname, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Antoon W Grünberg
- Foundation for Perinatal Interventions and Research in Suriname (Perisur), Paramaribo, Suriname
- Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - William Hawkins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Arti Shankar
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Emily Harville
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - S S Drury
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hannah Covert
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Maureen Lichtveld
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bjørklund G, Chirumbolo S, Dadar M, Pivina L, Lindh U, Butnariu M, Aaseth J. Mercury exposure and its effects on fertility and pregnancy outcome. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 125:317-327. [PMID: 31136080 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), a highly toxic environmental pollutant, shows harmfulness which still represents a big concern for human health, including hazards to fertility and pregnancy outcome. Research has shown that Hg could induce impairments in the reproductive function, cellular deformation of the Leydig cells and the seminiferous tubules, and testicular degeneration as well as abnormal menstrual cycles. Some studies investigated spontaneous abortion and complicated fertility outcome due to occupational Hg exposure. Moreover, there is a relation between inhaled Hg vapour and reproductive outcome. This MiniReview evaluates the hypothesis that exposure to Hg may increase the risk of reduced fertility, spontaneous abortion and congenital deficits or abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Lyudmila Pivina
- Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan.,CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Ulf Lindh
- Biology Education Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania.,CONEM Romania Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences Group, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.,Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shahsavari A, Tabatabaei Yazdi F, Moosavi Z, Heidari A, Sardari P. A study on the concentration of heavy metals and histopathological changes in Persian jirds (Mammals; Rodentia), affected by mining activities in an iron ore mine in Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:12590-12604. [PMID: 30852753 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mining activity constitutes a potential source of heavy metal pollution in the environment. Long-term exposure to heavy metals (e.g., cadmium) has adverse health effects. Rodents frequently serve as bioindicators to monitor the levels of heavy metals in the environment. In the present study, concentrations of 10 heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) in kidney, liver, and muscle tissue of the Persian jird (Meriones persicus) were evaluated. This is the first study to examine the histopathological changes in Persian jird tissues caused by the bioaccumulation heavy metals. The samples were taken at location that surrounded by Sangan Iron Ore Mine (SIOM) mining activities, in northeastern Iran. The results show that the highest concentrations for the metals were observed in kidney and liver, whereas lowest concentrations were found in muscle of Persian jirds. The concentration of Pb was below the limit of detection. Sex and age were two factors that could explain the different levels of heavy metal bioaccumulation, which affects the concentration of some metals. Adults had significantly higher Cu and Cd levels compared to juveniles. Males bioaccumulated more Zn in their kidneys than females, whereas females bioaccumulated more Fe in their livers. As expected, heavy metals affected various organs of the studied specimens. Hyperemia, hemorrhage, necrosis, and degenerative damage to the epithelial cells of the tubules, the presence of hyaline casts, and in one case, mononuclear leukocyte infiltration, were observed in samples of renal tissue. Hemorrhage and hepatocyte vacuolization were the most common histopathological changes found in samples of hepatic tissue. These effects and the concentrations of heavy metals in the studied specimens indicate the need for monitoring and frequent sampling to evaluate long-term persistent pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shahsavari
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tabatabaei Yazdi
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Zahra Moosavi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ava Heidari
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pourya Sardari
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pi X, Qiao Y, Wei Y, Jin L, Li Z, Liu J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Liu Y, Xie Q, Ren A. Concentrations of selected heavy metals in placental tissues and risk for neonatal orofacial clefts. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:1652-1658. [PMID: 30077405 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Orofacial clefts (OFCs) have multifactorial etiologies. Prenatal exposure to heavy metals can induce OFCs in animal models, but evidence from studies of human subjects is scarce. We examined whether concentrations of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) in placental tissues are associated with risk for OFCs in offspring. This population-based case-control study included 103 newborns affected by OFCs with available placental tissues and 206 controls randomly selected from 509 non-malformed newborns with available placenta samples, recruited in five rural counties in northern China. Sociodemographic information was collected using a structured questionnaire in face-to-face interviews. The concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, and As in placental tissues were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in helium mode. The median concentrations of Hg (7.4 ng/g), Cd (57.1 ng/g), and Pb (96.1 ng/g) were all statistically significantly higher in OFC cases than in controls (Hg 5.5 ng/g, Cd 38.6 ng/g, and Pb 67.9 ng/g, respectively); no differences were observed between the two groups in median concentrations of As. Concentrations above the median for all subjects were associated with a 2.33-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33-2.09) increased OFC risk for Cd and a 3.08-fold (95% CI 1.74-5.47) increased risk for Pb. The risk for OFCs increased with concentration tertiles, with an adjusted odds ratio of 3.06 (95% CI 1.36-6.88) for the second tertile and 8.18 (95% CI 6.64-18.37) for the highest tertile of Cd, and 3.88 (95% CI 1.78-8.42) for the second tertile and 5.17 (95% CI 2.37-11.29) for the highest tertile of Pb. The association between Hg concentration and OFC risk was borderline nonsignificant after adjusting for confounding factors. Prenatal exposure to Cd and Pb, as reflected by their concentrations in placental tissues, is associated with an increased risk for neonatal OFCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pi
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yiran Qiao
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yihui Wei
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ni W, Yang W, Yu J, Li Z, Jin L, Liu J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Ren A. Umbilical Cord Concentrations of Selected Heavy Metals and Risk for Orofacial Clefts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:10787-10795. [PMID: 30134103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) have the ability to induce orofacial clefts (OFCs) in rodents, evidence is absent from human epidemiological investigations with markers of in utero exposure. We investigated the associations between concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, and Ni in umbilical cord tissues and risk of OFCs, and the interactions between each pair of metals on OFC risk in a case-control study. Umbilical cord concentrations of metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 92 OFC cases and 200 nonmalformed controls. Concentrations above the median of all subjects was associated with an elevated OFC risk of 8.36-fold for As, 7.22-fold for Cd, 15.32-fold for Pb, and 6.79-fold for Ni. Concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, and Ni were also associated with risks for OFC subtypes. When metal concentrations were divided into tertiles by levels of metal concentrations of all subjects, dose-response relationships of risks for total OFCs and subtypes with As, Cd, Pb, and Ni concentrations were demonstrated. Significant synergistic interaction between As and Ni on the risk of OFCs was also observed. Therefore, elevated in utero exposure to As, Cd, Pb, and Ni may increase the risks of OFCs in newborns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Ni
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Wenlei Yang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Jinhui Yu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bastos WR, Vieira SM, Manzatto ÂG, Dórea JG, Rubira MC, de Souza VFP, da Costa Junior WA, Souza Bastos MT. Heterogeneity of Multimedia Exposures to Neurotoxic Elements (Al, As, Cd, Pb, Mn, and Hg) in Breastfed Infants from Porto Velho, Brazil. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:7-15. [PMID: 28967039 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Infant exposure to neurotoxic elements is a public health issue that needs monitoring with regard to breast milk composition. We studied six neurotoxic elements in breast milk samples at different stages of lactation in mothers from Porto Velho, Brazil. We used a flow-injection mercury system (FIMS) to determine total Hg concentrations and an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) to determine the concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Pb, and Mn in 106 donors of a human milk bank. Association rules analyses were applied to determine the pattern of binary and ternary mixtures of the measured exposants. The metal concentration was mostly below the limit of detection (LOD) for Cd (99%), Pb (84%), and Hg (72%), and it was above the LOD for As (53%), Mn (60%), and Al (82%), respectively. Median concentrations (dry weight) of Al, As, Hg, Mn, and Pb were 1.81 μg/g, 13.8 ng/g, 7.1 ng/g, 51.1 ng/g, and 0.43 μg/g, respectively. Al is singly the most frequent element to which infants are exposed. Occurring binary combination (> LOD) was 56% for Al-Mn, 41% for Al-As, 22% for Al-Hg, and 13% for Al-Pb. In 100% of neonates, exposure to Al-ethylmercury (EtHg) occurred through immunization with thimerosal-containing vaccines (TCV). Association rules analysis revealed that Al was present in all of the multilevel combinations and hierarchical levels and that it showed a strong link with other neurotoxic elements (especially with Mn, As, and Hg). (a) Nursing infants are exposed to combinations of neurotoxicants by different routes, dosages, and at different stages of development; (b) In breastfed infants, the binary exposures to Al and total Hg can occur through breast milk and additionally through TCV (EtHg and Al);
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanderley R Bastos
- Environmental Biogeochemistry Laboratory WCP, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76815-800, Brazil
| | - Solange M Vieira
- Environmental Biogeochemistry Laboratory WCP, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76815-800, Brazil
| | - Ângelo G Manzatto
- Environmental Biogeochemistry Laboratory WCP, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76815-800, Brazil
| | - José G Dórea
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, C.P. 04322, Brasília, DF, 70919-970, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo C Rubira
- Luteran Institute of High Learning/ULBRA, Porto Velho, RO. Rua João Goulart, 666 - Mato Grosso, Porto Velho, RO, 76804-414, Brazil
| | - Victor Francisco P de Souza
- Environmental Biogeochemistry Laboratory WCP, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76815-800, Brazil
| | - Walkimar A da Costa Junior
- Environmental Biogeochemistry Laboratory WCP, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76815-800, Brazil
| | - Maria T Souza Bastos
- Environmental Biogeochemistry Laboratory WCP, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76815-800, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xue S, Shi L, Wu C, Wu H, Qin Y, Pan W, Hartley W, Cui M. Cadmium, lead, and arsenic contamination in paddy soils of a mining area and their exposure effects on human HEPG2 and keratinocyte cell-lines. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:23-30. [PMID: 28314151 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A mining district in south China shows significant metal(loid) contamination in paddy fields. In the soils, average Pb, Cd and As concentrations were 460.1, 11.7 and 35.1mgkg-1 respectively, which were higher than the environmental quality standard for agricultural soils in China (GB15618-1995) and UK Clea Soil Guideline Value. The average contents of Pb, Cd and As in rice were 5.24, 1.1 and 0.7mgkg-1 respectively, which were about 25, 4.5 or 2.5 times greater than the limit values of the maximum safe contaminant concentration standard in food of China (GB 2762-2012), and about 25, 10 or 1 times greater than the limit values of FAO/WHO standard. The elevated contents of Pb, Cd and As detected in soils around the factories, indicated that their spatial distribution was influenced by anthropogenic activity, while greater concentrations of Cd in rice appeared in the northwest region of the factories, indicating that the spatial distribution of heavy metals was also affected by natural factors. As human exposure around mining districts is mainly through oral intake of food and dermal contact, the effects of these metals on the viability and MT protein of HepG2 and KERTr cells were investigated. The cell viability decreased with increasing metal concentrations. Co-exposure to heavy metals (Pb+Cd) increased the metals (Pb or Cd)-mediated MT protein induction in both human HepG2 and KERTr cells. Increased levels of MT protein will lead to greater risk of carcinogenic manifestations, and it is likely that chronic exposure to metals may increase the risk to human health. Nevertheless, when co-exposure to two or more metals occur (such as As+Pb), they may have an antagonistic effect thus reducing the toxic effects of each other. CAPSULE Metal contaminations in paddy soils and rice were influenced by anthropogenic activity; metal co-exposure induced MT protein in human cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Lizheng Shi
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chuan Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Hui Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yanyan Qin
- Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Weisong Pan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - William Hartley
- Crop and Environment Sciences Department, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, United Kingdom
| | - Mengqian Cui
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Khezri A, Lindeman B, Krogenæs AK, Berntsen HF, Zimmer KE, Ropstad E. Maternal exposure to a mixture of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) affects testis histology, epididymal sperm count and induces sperm DNA fragmentation in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28645691 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are widespread throughout the environment and some are suspected to induce reproductive toxicity. As animals and humans are exposed to complex mixtures of POPs, it is reasonable to assess how such mixtures could interact with the reproductive system. Our aim is to investigate how maternal exposure to a mixture of 29 different persistent organic pollutants, formulated to mimic the relative POP levels in the food basket of the Scandinavian population, could alter reproductive endpoints. Female mice were exposed via feed from weaning, during pregnancy and lactation in 3 exposure groups (control (C), low (L) and high (H)). Testicular morphometric endpoints, epididymal sperm concentration and sperm DNA integrity were assessed in adult male offspring. We found that the number of tubules, proportion of tubule compartments and epididymal sperm concentration significantly decreased in both POP exposed groups. Epididymal sperm from both POP exposed groups showed increased DNA fragmentation. It is concluded that maternal exposure to a defined POP mixture relevant to human exposure can affect testicular development, sperm production and sperm chromatin integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolrahman Khezri
- Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Science, Pb. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Birgitte Lindeman
- Department of Toxicology and Risk, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Pb 4404, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anette K Krogenæs
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Science, Pb. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Hanne F Berntsen
- Norwegian National Institute of Occupational Health, Pb. 8149 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Karin E Zimmer
- Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Science, Pb. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Erik Ropstad
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Science, Pb. 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bartrem C, Tirima S, von Lindern I, von Braun M, Worrell MC, Mohammad Anka S, Abdullahi A, Moller G. Unknown risk: co-exposure to lead and other heavy metals among children living in small-scale mining communities in Zamfara State, Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2014; 24:304-319. [PMID: 24044870 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2013.835028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The lead poisoning crisis in Zamfara State, Northern Nigeria has been called the worst such case in modern history and it presents unique challenges for risk assessment and management of co-exposure to multiple heavy metals. More than 400 children have died in Zamfara as a result of ongoing lead intoxication since early in 2010. A review of the common toxic endpoints of the major heavy metals advances analysis of co-exposures and their common pathologies. Environmental contamination in Bagega village, examined by X-ray fluorescence of soils, includes lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic and manganese. Co-exposure risk is explored by scoring common toxic endpoints and hazard indices to calculate a common pathology hazard risk ranking of Pb > As > Hg >> Cd > Mn. Zamfara presents an extreme picture of both lead and multiple heavy metal mortality and morbidity, but similar situations have become increasingly prevalent worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casey Bartrem
- a Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory , University of Idaho , Moscow , ID , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Birgisdottir BE, Knutsen HK, Haugen M, Gjelstad IM, Jenssen MTS, Ellingsen DG, Thomassen Y, Alexander J, Meltzer HM, Brantsæter AL. Essential and toxic element concentrations in blood and urine and their associations with diet: results from a Norwegian population study including high-consumers of seafood and game. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 463-464:836-844. [PMID: 23867847 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The first aim of the study was to evaluate calculated dietary intake and concentrations measured in blood or urine of essential and toxic elements in relation to nutritional and toxicological reference values. The second aim was to identify patterns of the element concentrations in blood and urine and to identify possible dietary determinants of the concentrations of these elements. Adults with a known high consumption of environmental contaminants (n=111), and a random sample of controls (n=76) answered a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Complete data on biological measures were available for 179 individuals. Blood and urine samples were analyzed for selenium, iodine, arsenic, mercury, cadmium and lead. Principal component analysis was used to identify underlying patterns of correlated blood and urine concentrations. The calculated intakes of selenium, iodine, inorganic arsenic and mercury were within guideline levels. For cadmium 24% of the high consumer group and 8% of the control group had intakes above the tolerable weekly intake. Concentrations of lead in blood exceeded the bench-mark dose lower confidence limits for some participants. However, overall, the examined exposures did not give rise to nutritional or toxicological concerns. Game consumption was associated with lead in blood (B(ln) 0.021; 95%CI:0.010, 0.031) and wine consumption. Seafood consumption was associated with urinary cadmium in non-smokers (B(ln) 0.009; 95%CI:0.003, 0.015). A novel finding was a distinct pattern of positively associated biological markers, comprising iodine, selenium, arsenic and mercury (eigenvalue 3.8), reflecting seafood intake (B 0.007; 95%CI:0.004, 0.010). The study clearly demonstrates the significance of seafood as a source of both essential nutrients and toxic elements simultaneously and shows that exposure to various essential and toxic elements can be intertwined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B E Birgisdottir
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hassauer M, Kaiser E, Schneider K, Schuhmacher‐Wolz U. Collate the literature on toxicity data on mercury in experimental animals and humans (Part I – Data on organic mercury). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2012.en-297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hassauer
- Forschungs‐ und Beratungsinstitut Gefahrstoffe GmbH (FoBiG) Freiburg Germany
| | - Eva Kaiser
- Forschungs‐ und Beratungsinstitut Gefahrstoffe GmbH (FoBiG) Freiburg Germany
| | - Klaus Schneider
- Forschungs‐ und Beratungsinstitut Gefahrstoffe GmbH (FoBiG) Freiburg Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Maceda-Veiga A, Monroy M, de Sostoa A. Metal bioaccumulation in the Mediterranean barbel (Barbus meridionalis) in a Mediterranean river receiving effluents from urban and industrial wastewater treatment plants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 76:93-101. [PMID: 21993348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Although sewage treatment plants (STPs) play a crucial role in maintaining the water quality and flow of Mediterranean rivers, particularly during drought periods, few studies have addressed their impact on aquatic fauna. Here we analyzed the role of STPs as a source of metals in the Ripoll River, a heavily urbanized and industrialized watercourse with a long history of anthropogenic disturbance. For this purpose, we measured iron, mercury, cadmium, zinc, lead, nickel and copper accumulation in the liver and muscle of the Mediterranean barbel, Barbus meridionalis and also the concentrations of these metals in the river water. Industrial and urban sewage treatment plants are source of metals in Ripoll River but the former mainly increases Zn and Ni values. Significant differences in metal bioaccumulation between reference and polluted sites were detected. Nevertheless, there was only a significant positive relationship between bioaccumulation of Cu and Hg, and their concentration in water. In addition, the lead concentration in fish was not clearly associated with the presence of STPs. On the basis of morphometric parameters, the hepato-somatic index was the only one denoting significant differences between polluted and references sites. Given that fish are key elements in food webs, recreational fishing is practice in this area and that river water is used for agricultural purposes, we recommend long-term studies to analyze the impact of metal pollution in this river.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Department of Animal Biology-Vertebrates & Biodiversity Research Institute, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Markowski VP, Currie D, Reeve EA, Thompson D, Wise Sr JP. Tissue-Specific and Dose-Related Accumulation of Arsenic in Mouse Offspring Following Maternal Consumption of Arsenic-Contaminated Water. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 108:326-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
23
|
Sánchez-Chardi A, Ribeiro CAO, Nadal J. Metals in liver and kidneys and the effects of chronic exposure to pyrite mine pollution in the shrew Crocidura russula inhabiting the protected wetland of Doñana. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 76:387-394. [PMID: 19394996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Revised: 03/05/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Historically impacted by anthropogenic activities, the nature reserve of Doñana (SW Spain) was affected by an unprecedented spillage of mud and acidic water from the Aznalcóllar pyrite mine in April 1998. Although several studies have addressed the influence of this spill on soils, water, and biota, there is little information on mammals, especially carnivorous species. We measured the concentrations of Fe, Mg, Pb, Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, Mn, Mo, Co, and Cr in specimens of the greater white-toothed shrew, Crocidura russula, inhabiting the protected area affected by the mine spillage. We also examined other parameters to approach at the physiological effects of pollution. We found an increase in non-essential metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg), and morphometric, histological and genotoxic alterations. Age and gender were two significant factors explaining metal bioaccumulation: adults had higher Hg and Cd levels than juveniles, whereas males bioaccumulated more Pb and Co and less Mo than females. The micronucleus frequencies in blood erythrocytes were significantly higher in specimens from the polluted site than animals from the control site. Shrews from the impacted area also had hepatic alterations, namely increased liver-body ratio, focal necrosis, and signs of apoptosis in hepatocytes. Due to the relevance of small mammals in the diet of endangered species such as carnivorous birds and mammals, the findings of our study are of practical use for the management of the Doñana wildlife reserve and other protected Mediterranean wetlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sánchez-Chardi
- Servei de Microscòpia, Facultat de Ciències, Edifici C, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Barbosa F, Fillion M, Lemire M, Passos CJS, Rodrigues JL, Philibert A, Guimarães JR, Mergler D. Elevated blood lead levels in a riverside population in the Brazilian Amazon. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2009; 109:594-599. [PMID: 19389665 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 03/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is recognized as one of the most toxic metals. Sources of Pb exposure have been widely documented in North America, and the removal of Pb additives from gasoline was reflected in a dramatic lowering of blood Pb concentration. In Latin America, the removal of Pb from gasoline resulted in decreased exposure, but Pb levels in many areas remain high due to occupational and environmental sources of exposure. While many of the Pb sources have been identified (mining, industries, battery recycling, lead-based paint, ceramics), new ones occasionally crop up. Here we report on blood Pb (B-Pb) levels in remote riverside communities of the Brazilian Amazon. Blood Pb (B-Pb) levels were determined in 448 persons from 12 villages of the Lower Tapajós River Basin, Pará, Brazil. Socio-demographic and dietary information, as well as occupational, residential and medical history was collected using an interview-administered questionnaire. B-Pb, measured by ICP-MS, showed elevated concentrations. Mean B-Pb was 13.1 microg/dL +/- 8.5, median B-Pb was 11.2 microg/dL and ranged from 0.59 to 48.3 microg/dL. Men had higher B-Pb compared to women (median: 15.3 microg/dL vs 7.9 microg/dL respectively). B-Pb increased with age for women, while it decreased for men. For both genders, B-Pb decreased with education. There were significant differences between villages. Exploratory analyses, using linear partition models, showed that for men B-Pb was lower among those who were involved in cattle-raising, and higher among those who hunted, farmed and fished. The distribution profile of B-Pb directed us towards artisanal transformation of manioc to flour (farinha), which requires heating in a large metal pan, with stirring primarily done by young men. In the village with the highest B-Pb, analysis of Pb concentrations (dry weight) of manioc (prior to transformation) and farinha (following transformation) from 6 houses showed a tenfold increase in Pb concentration (mean: 0.017 +/- 0.016 to 0.19 +/- 0.10 microg/g). This was confirmed in one of these villages where we sampled manioc paste (just before roasting) and the roasted farinha (0.05 microg/g vs 0.20 microg/g). While there may be other sources (ammunition, sinkers for fishing nets), the high concentrations in farinha, a dietary staple, assuredly makes an important contribution. Further action needs to reduce Pb sources in this region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nguyen RHN, Wilcox AJ, Moen BE, McConnaughey DR, Lie RT. Parent's Occupation and Isolated Orofacial Clefts in Norway: A Population-based Case-control Study. Ann Epidemiol 2007; 17:763-71. [PMID: 17664071 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Revised: 04/25/2007] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Occupational factors have been associated with risk of orofacial clefts in offspring, although data are limited. We explored associations between parent's occupation and isolated orofacial clefts using a population-based case-control study. METHODS Cases were restricted to infants born with an isolated orofacial cleft in Norway during the period 1996 to 2001 (314 with cleft lip with or without palate [CLP] and 118 with cleft palate only [CPO]). Controls (n = 763) were chosen randomly from all Norwegian live births. We considered full-time employment during the first 3 months of pregnancy. RESULTS Several maternal occupations previously associated with clefts showed some evidence of association, including hairdressers (CLP; adjusted odds ratio = 4.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99-23). Mothers working in manufacturing and in food production had increased odds for babies with CPO (3.8; 1.3-11, and 7.1; 1.5-33, respectively). Among fathers' occupations previously associated with clefts, an association was suggested for woodworking both for CLP (1.7; 0.85-3.2) and for CPO (2.0; 0.82-4.7). Fathers working as professional housekeepers showed substantial increased odds of CPO (12; 3.3-46). CONCLUSIONS Taken together with previous studies, these results suggest that exposures in certain occupations may influence the risk of orofacial clefting in offspring. Specific exposures accompanying these occupations warrant exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruby H N Nguyen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC 22709, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sánchez-Chardi A, Marques CC, Nadal J, da Luz Mathias M. Metal bioaccumulation in the greater white-toothed shrew, Crocidura russula, inhabiting an abandoned pyrite mine site. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 67:121-30. [PMID: 17107703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2006] [Revised: 07/25/2006] [Accepted: 09/03/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic and renal concentrations of iron, magnesium, zinc, lead, copper, manganese, mercury, cadmium, molybdenum, chromium, and nickel were quantified in shrews (Crocidura russula) inhabiting a pyrite mine site in Portugal. Several morphological parameters (body weight, residual index, and relative weights) were also examined to clarify the physiological effects of pollution. Shrews from the mine showed increased bioavailability of Fe, Pb, Hg, Cd, Mo, and Ni in comparison with reference specimens. Adult shrews had the highest Cd levels while Cr and Ni concentrations diminished. Intersexual differences were found for Mo and Ni. As a consequence of metal pollution, the relative hepatic weight was higher in shrews from the mine site when compared with reference specimens. These data indicate that C. russula is a good bioindicator of metal pollution. We also evaluated the toxic effects of Pb, Hg, Cd, and Ni, because several shrews from the polluted site showed high concentrations of these metals. To approximate at the real biological impact of abandoned mines, after this first step it is necessary to associate the bioaccumulation levels and morphological effects with other physiological, ecological and genetical biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sánchez-Chardi
- Departament de Biologia Animal (Vertebrats), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dorea JG, Donangelo CM. Early (in uterus and infant) exposure to mercury and lead. Clin Nutr 2006; 25:369-76. [PMID: 16307830 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2005.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2005] [Accepted: 10/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mercury and lead are toxic metals widely spread in the environment with bio-accumulative features that raises public health concerns. Both metals are equally dispersed in the human food chain but exposure and risk of toxicity during early human development are modulated by the diet and nutritional status. Understanding how Hg and Pb occur and interact with nutrients is fundamental to establish guidelines for diminishing exposure and the risk of toxicity. The risk of fetal and infant exposure to Hg can be influenced by maternal amalgam filling (inorganic Hg) and fish consumption (monomethyl Hg), whereas the risk of exposure to Pb is complex: maternal absorption depends on nutrient interactions (Ca and P); and maternal body Pb accumulation responds to all factors known to interact with bone and calcium metabolism. Maternal exposure to Hg and Pb is more important during fetal development than during breastfeeding. Moreover, these metals (especially Pb) are frequently higher in infant formulas which do not carry the nutritional and psychological advantages and protection of breastfeeding. Infant's reference dose is lower for Hg than for Pb, but risk of Pb contamination for fetuses and infant (breast- or formula-fed) is higher and lasts longer than Hg. Breastfeeding is essential to complete infant development. Interruption or suppression of breast-feeding with cow's milk-based formulas is not an option to environmental pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose G Dorea
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade de Brasilia, C.P. 04322, 70919.970 Brasilia, Brazil.
| | | |
Collapse
|