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Ramírez-Morales D, Rojas-Jiménez K, Castro-Gutiérrez V, Rodríguez-Saravia S, Vaglio-Garro A, Araya-Valverde E, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Ecotoxicological effects of ketoprofen and fluoxetine and their mixture in an aquatic microcosm. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 271:106924. [PMID: 38678909 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The effects of fluoxetine (antidepressant) and ketoprofen (analgesic) on aquatic ecosystems are largely unknown, particularly as a mixture. This work aimed at determining the effect of sublethal concentrations of both compounds individually (0.050 mg/L) and their mixture (0.025 mg/L each) on aquatic communities at a microcosm scale for a period of 14 d. Several physicochemical parameters were monitored to estimate functional alterations in the ecosystem, while model organisms (Daphnia magna, Lemna sp., Raphidocelis subcapitata) and the sequencing of 16S/18S rRNA genes permitted to determine effects on specific populations and changes in community composition, respectively. Disturbances were more clearly observed after 14 d, and overall, the microcosms containing fluoxetine (alone or in combination with ketoprofen) produced larger alterations on most physicochemical and biological variables, compared to the microcosm containing only ketoprofen, which suffered less severe changes. Differences in nitrogen species suggest alterations in the N-cycle due to the presence of fluoxetine; similarly, all pharmaceutical-containing systems decreased the brood rate of D. magna, while individual compounds inhibited the growth of Lemna sp. No clear trends were observed regarding R. subcapitata, as indirectly determined by chlorophyll quantification. The structure of micro-eukaryotic communities was altered in the fluoxetine-containing systems, whereas the structure of bacterial communities was affected to a greater extent by the mixture. The disruptions to the equilibrium of the microcosm demonstrate the ecological risk these compounds pose to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Ramírez-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
| | | | - Víctor Castro-Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
| | - Sebastián Rodríguez-Saravia
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
| | - Annette Vaglio-Garro
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
| | - Emanuel Araya-Valverde
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, 1174-1200, Costa Rica
| | - Carlos E Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 2060, Costa Rica.
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Rodríguez-Aguilar BA, Martínez-Rivera LM, Rojas-Mayorga CK, Ceballos-Magaña SG, Aguayo-Villarreal IA, Muñiz-Valencia R, Peregrina-Lucano AA. Occurrence and temporal distribution of oxandrolone and meclizine in surface water, sediments, fish muscle and otter feces of the Ayuquila-Armería basin, Mexico. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165130. [PMID: 37379920 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems worldwide are strongly influenced by the productive activities of a region. These activities can generate pollution by compounds with little-known or unknown characteristics and without regulation. Emerging contaminants are a group of compounds that have worldwide begun to be frequently detected in the environment, raising concern about their possible adverse effects on human and environmental health. Thus, it is important to generate a broader panorama of the dissemination of contaminants of emerging concern in the environment, implement actions to regulate their usage. This study aims to evaluate the occurrence and temporal distribution of oxandrolone and meclizine in surface water, sediments, tilapia muscle, and otter feces of the Ayuquila-Armería river, Mexico. Oxandrolone was detected in 55 % of the total analyzed samples, while meclizine was present in 12 %. In surface water, oxandrolone was present in 56 % of the samples, while meclizine in 8 %. In sediments, oxandrolone was detected in 45 % and meclizine was not detected. In tilapia muscle, oxandrolone was present in 47 % of samples and meclizine was not detected. In otters feces samples, oxandrolone and meclizine were present in 100 %. Regardless of the season (wet or dry), oxandrolone was detected in all four sample types, while meclizine was only detected in surface water and otter feces samples. Oxandrolone in the aquatic ecosystem of the Ayuquila-Armería basin showed that season variation generates a significant effect on their concentrations, especially in surface water and sediments. Meclizine did not show temporal variations either in seasons or between years. Particularly, oxandrolone concentrations presented an influence with respect to the sites that present continuous residual discharges to the river. In this sense, this study could be considered as a starting point for further routine monitoring of emerging contaminants to support regulation policies regarding their use and disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Rodríguez-Aguilar
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Colima, Colima-Coquimatlán km 9, 28400 Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico
| | - Luis M Martínez-Rivera
- Department of Ecology and Natural Resources, University Center of the South Coast, University of Guadalajara, Independencia Nacional 151, 48900 Autlán de Navarro, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Cintia K Rojas-Mayorga
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Colima, Colima-Coquimatlán km 9, 28400 Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Ismael A Aguayo-Villarreal
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Colima, Colima-Coquimatlán km 9, 28400 Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico
| | - Roberto Muñiz-Valencia
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Colima, Colima-Coquimatlán km 9, 28400 Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico; Center for Research in Natural Resources and Sustainability, University Bernardo O Higgins, Fabrica 1990, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alejandro A Peregrina-Lucano
- Department of Pharmacobiology, University Center for Exact Sciences and Engineering, University of Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Sanusi IO, Olutona GO, Wawata IG, Onohuean H. Occurrence, environmental impact and fate of pharmaceuticals in groundwater and surface water: a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90595-90614. [PMID: 37488386 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In many nations and locations, groundwater serves as the population's primary drinking water supply. However, pharmaceuticals found in groundwater and surface waters may affect aquatic ecosystems and public health. As a result, their existence in natural raw waters are now more widely acknowledged as a concern. This review summarises the evidence of research on pharmaceuticals' occurrence, impact and fate, considering results from different water bodies. Also, various analytical techniques were reviewed to compare different pharmaceuticals' detection frequencies in water bodies. These include liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). However, owing to LC-MS's high sensitivity and specification, it is the most reported instrument used for analysis. The PRISMA reviewing methodology was adopted based on relevant literature in order to focus on aim of the review. Among other pharmaceuticals reviewed, sulfamethoxazole was found to be the most frequently detected drug in wastewater (up to 100% detection frequency). The most reported pharmaceutical group in this review is antibiotics, with sulfamethoxazole having the highest concentration among the analysed pharmaceuticals in groundwater and freshwater (up to 5600 ng/L). Despite extensive study and analysis on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals in the environment, appropriate wastewater management and disposal of pharmaceuticals in the water environment are not still monitored regularly. Therefore, there is a need for mainstream studies tailored to the surveillance of pharmaceuticals in water bodies to limit environmental risks to human and aquatic habitats in both mid and low-income nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Olatunji Sanusi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda.
| | - Godwin Oladele Olutona
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, College of Agriculture Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
- Department of Basic Science, School of Science and Technology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Ibrahim Garba Wawata
- Department of Basic Science, School of Science and Technology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, PMB +243 1144, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
| | - Hope Onohuean
- Biomolecules, Metagenomics, Endocrine and Tropical Disease Research Group (BMETDREG), Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
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Ho MC, Yang RY, Chen GF, Chen WH. The effect of metformin and drinking water quality variation on haloacetamide formation during chlor(am)ination of acetaminophen. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 335:117603. [PMID: 36893720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (Apap) is widely used and is known to form toxic haloacetamides (HAcAms) during chlorination. Metformin (Met) is a typical medication with usage much higher than that of Apap and its ubiquitous presence in the environment is known. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Met which contains multiple amino groups potentially joining reactions and different chlorination methods on HAcAm formation from Apap. In addition, a major drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) using the largest river in southern Taiwan was sampled to study the influence of Apap in a DWTP on the HAcAm formation. Results showed increasing dichloroacetamide (DCAcAm) molar yields of Apap at a Cl/Apap molar ratio of 5 during chlorination (0.15%) and two-step chlorination (0.03%). HAcAms were formed by the chlorine substitution of hydrogen on the methyl group in Apap followed by the cleavage of the bonding between nitrogen and aromatic. While a high Cl/Apap ratio during chlorination led to reactions between chlorine and HAcAms formed decreasing the HAcAm yields, the two-step chlorination further reduced the HAcAm formation during chlorination by a factor of 1.8-8.2. However, Met which limitedly formed HAcAms increased the DCAcAm yields of Apap by 228% at high chlorine dosages during chlorination and by 244% during two-step chlorination. In the DWTP, trichloroacetamide (TCAcAm) formation was important. The formation was positively correlated with NH4+, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA). DCAcAm dominated in the presence of Apap. The DCAcAm molar yields were 0.17%-0.27% and 0.08%-0.21% in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The HAcAm yields of Apap in the DWTP were limitedly changed between different locations and seasons. Apap could be one important cause for HAcAm formation in a DWTP, as the presence of other pharmaceuticals such as Met possibly worsens the situation in chlorine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chuan Ho
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Ying Yang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Fu Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan; Aerosol Science and Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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Kumar M, Silori R, Mazumder P, Tauseef SM. Screening of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) along wastewater treatment system equipped with root zone treatment: A potential model for domestic waste leachate management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 335:117494. [PMID: 36871357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We present the use of root zone treatment (RZT) based system for the removal of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) from domestic wastewater. The occurrence of more than a dozen PPCPs were detected in an academic institution wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) at three specific locations, i.e., influent, root treatment zone, and effluents. The comparisons of observed compounds detected at various stages of WWTP suggest that the presence of PPCPs, like homatropine, cytisine, carbenoxolone, 4,2',4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone, norpromazine, norethynodrel, fexofenadine, indinavir, dextroamphetamine, 3-hydroxymorphinan, phytosphingosine, octadecanedioic acid, meradimate, 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol, and 1-hexadecylamine, are unusual than the usual reported PPCPs in the WWTPs. In general, carbamazepine, ibuprofen, acetaminophen, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, caffeine, triclocarban, and triclosan are often reported in wastewater systems. The normalized abundances of PPCPs range between 0.037-0.012, 0.108-0.009, and 0.208-0.005 in main influent, root zone effluent, and main effluents, respectively, of the WWTP. In addition, the removal rates of PPCPs were observed from -200.75% to ∼100% at RZT phase in the plant. Interestingly, we observed several PPCPs at later stages of treatment which were not detected in the influent of the WWTP. This is probably owing to the presence of conjugated metabolites of various PPCPs present in the influent, which subsequently got deconjugated to reform the parent compounds during the biological wastewater treatment. In addition, we suspect the potential release of earlier absorbed PPCPs in the system, which were absent on that particular day of sampling but have been part of earlier influents. In essence, RZT-based WWTP was found to be effective in removing the PPCPs and other organic contaminants in the study but results in stress the need for further comprehensive research on RZT system to conclude the exact removal efficacy and fate of PPCPs during treatment in the system. As a current research gap, the study also recommended RZT to be appraised for PPCPs in-situ remediation from landfill leachates, an underestimated source of PPCPs intrusion in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
| | - Rahul Silori
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Payal Mazumder
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Syed Mohammad Tauseef
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
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Kuo YH, How CM, Huang CW, Yen PL, Yu CW, Chang CH, Liao VHC. Co-contaminants of ethinylestradiol and sulfamethoxazole in groundwater exacerbate ecotoxicity and ecological risk and compromise the energy budget of C. elegans. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 257:106473. [PMID: 36871484 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ethinylestradiol (EE2) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) are among pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and regarded as emerging contaminants in groundwater worldwide. However, the ecotoxicity and potential risk of these co-contaminants remain unknown. We investigated the effects of early-life long-term co-exposure to EE2 and SMX in groundwater on life-history traits of Caenorhabditis elegans and determined potential ecological risks in groundwater. L1 larvae of wild-type N2 C. elegans were exposed to measured concentrations of EE2 (0.001, 0.75, 5.1, 11.8 mg/L) or SMX (0.001, 1, 10, 100 mg/L) or co-exposed to EE2 (0.75 mg/L, no observed adverse effect level derived from its reproductive toxicity) and SMX (0.001, 1, 10, 100 mg/L) in groundwater. Growth and reproduction were monitored on days 0 - 6 of the exposure period. Toxicological data were analyzed using DEBtox modeling to determine the physiological modes of action (pMoAs) and the predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) to estimate ecological risks posed by EE2 and SMX in global groundwater. Early-life EE2 exposure significantly inhibited the growth and reproduction of C. elegans, with lowest observed adverse effect levels (LOAELs) of 11.8 and 5.1 mg/L, respectively. SMX exposure impaired the reproductive capacity of C. elegans (LOAEL = 0.001 mg/L). Co-exposure to EE2 and SMX exacerbated ecotoxicity (LOAELs of 1 mg/L SMX for growth, and 0.001 mg/L SMX for reproduction). DEBtox modeling showed that the pMoAs were increased growth and reproduction costs for EE2 and increased reproduction costs for SMX. The derived PNEC falls within the range of detected environmental levels of EE2 and SMX in groundwater worldwide. The pMoAs for EE2 and SMX combined were increased growth and reproduction costs, resulting in lower energy threshold values than single exposure. Based on global groundwater contamination data and energy threshold values, we calculated risk quotients for EE2 (0.1 - 123.0), SMX (0.2 - 91.3), and combination of EE2 and SMX (0.4 - 341.1). Our findings found that co-contamination by EE2 and SMX exacerbates toxicity and ecological risk to non-target organisms, suggesting that the ecotoxicity and ecological risk of co-contaminants of pharmaceuticals should be considered to sustainably manage groundwater and aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chun Ming How
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Huang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Yen
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Wei Yu
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Chang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Mutoti MI, Edokpayi J, Mutileni N, Durowoju O, Munyai FL. Cyanotoxins in groundwater; occurrence, potential sources, health impacts and knowledge gap for public health. Toxicon 2023; 226:107077. [PMID: 36893989 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is a significant source of water across the world and constitutes about 30% of the earth's freshwater. This water source is likely to be contaminated by cyanobacteria that produce secondary metabolites called cyanotoxins. Studies on contamination of groundwater by cyanobacteria have been sketchy with limited information. There is a need for better evidence regarding groundwater contamination by cyanobacteria as their presence in surface water bodies could cause contamination of groundwater via infiltration and percolation during rainfall events or during groundwater-surface water interaction, bank infiltration or water quality exchange. Therefore, this review is aimed at exploring the occurrences and potential sources of cyanotoxins in groundwater. This was achieved by summarising the existing data on the occurrence of cyanobacteria in groundwater and their potential sources across the world. Groundwater cyanobacteria contamination can possibly pose threat to water quality because many of the cyanotoxins produced by cyanobacteria pose a severe threat to human health, animals and the environment. Concentrations of microcystins (MCs) in groundwater have been recorded in China (Chaohu), Saudi Arabia, and China (Huai River Basin), with concentrations of 1.446 μg/L, 1.8 μg/L and 1.07 μg/L, respectively. In humans, exposure to these cyanotoxins can cause symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and skin irritation, to mention a few. This work highlights the importance of providing information or knowledge regarding public health implications of exposure to groundwater contaminated with cyanotoxins and the need to undertake risk management actions through national and international regulation. This review also points out current knowledge gaps, which could lead to future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulalo Isaih Mutoti
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, University Road, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa.
| | - Joshua Edokpayi
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, University Road, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Ntwanano Mutileni
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, University Road, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Olatunde Durowoju
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, University Road, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Fhatuwani Linton Munyai
- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, 1201, South Africa
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Arcega RD, Chen RJ, Chih PS, Huang YH, Chang WH, Kong TK, Lee CC, Mahmudiono T, Tsui CC, Hou WC, Hsueh HT, Chen HL. Toxicity prediction: An application of alternative testing and computational toxicology in contaminated groundwater sites in Taiwan. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:116982. [PMID: 36502707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater contamination remains a global threat due to its toxic effects to humans and the environment. The remediation of contaminated groundwater sites can be costly, thus, identifying the priority areas of concern is important to reduce money spent on resources. In this study, we aimed to identify and rank the priority groundwater sites in a contaminated petrochemical district by combining alternative, non-animal approaches - chemical analysis, cell-based high throughput screening (HTS), and Toxicological Priority Index (ToxPi) computational toxicology tool. Groundwater samples collected from ten different sites in a contaminated district showed pollutant levels below the detection limit, however, hepatotoxic bioactivity was demonstrated in human hepatoma HepaRG cells. Integrating the pollutants information (i.e., pollutant characteristics and concentration data) with the bioactivity data of the groundwater samples, an evidence-based ranking of the groundwater sites for future remediation was established using ToxPi analysis. The currently presented combinatorial approach of screening groundwater sites for remediation purposes can further be refined by including relevant parameters, which can boost the utility of this approach for groundwater screening and future remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle D Arcega
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Jane Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Chih
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances Research Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Khai Kong
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Lee
- Department of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances Research Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Trias Mahmudiono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Chun-Chih Tsui
- Toxic and Chemical Substances Bureau, Environmental Protection Administration Executive Yuan, Taipei City,106, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Che Hou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City,701, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ta Hsueh
- Sustainable Environment Research Laboratories, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City,701, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ling Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
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de Jesus Oliveira Santos M, de Oliveira Souza C, Marcelino HR. Blue technology for a sustainable pharmaceutical industry: Microalgae for bioremediation and pharmaceutical production. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Silori R, Shrivastava V, Singh A, Sharma P, Aouad M, Mahlknecht J, Kumar M. Global groundwater vulnerability for Pharmaceutical and Personal care products (PPCPs): The scenario of second decade of 21st century. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115703. [PMID: 35932733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The global production of PPCPs have increased by multiple folds promoting excessive exposure of its metabolites to humans via different aquatic systems. The higher residence time of toxic precursors of these metabolites pose direct human health risk. Among the different aquatic systems, the contamination of groundwater by PPCPs is the most concerning threat. This threat is especially critical considering the lesser oxidizing potential of the groundwater as compared to freshwater/river water. A major challenge also arises due to excessive dependency of the world's population on groundwater, which is exponentially increasing with time. This makes the identification and characterization of spatial contamination hotspots highly probabilistic as compared to other freshwater systems. The situation is more vulnerable in developing countries where there is a reported inadequacy of wastewater treatment facilities, thereby forcing the groundwater to behave as the only available sequestrating sink for all these contaminants. With increased consumption of antibiotics and other pharmaceuticals compounds, these wastes have proven capability in terms of enhancing the resistance among the biotic community of the soil systems, which ultimately can become catastrophic and carcinogenic in near future. Recent studies are supporting the aforementioned concern where compounds like diclofenac (analgesic) have attained a concentration of 1.3 mgL-1 in the aquifer systems of Delhi, India. The situation is far worse for developed nations where prolonged and indiscriminate usage of antidepressants and antibiotics have life threating consequences. It has been confirmed that certain compounds like ofloxacin (antibiotics) and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate are present in some of the most sensitive wells/springs of the United States and Mexico. The current trend of the situation has been demonstrated by integrating a comparative approach of the published literatures in last three years. This review provides first-hand information report for formulating a directive policy framework for tackling PPCPs issues in the groundwater system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Silori
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Vikalp Shrivastava
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Ashwin Singh
- Discipline of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Pradeep Sharma
- Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Marwan Aouad
- College of Engineering, Applied Science University (ASU), Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Manish Kumar
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India.
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11
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Johnson GR, Brusseau ML, Carroll KC, Tick GR, Duncan CM. Global distributions, source-type dependencies, and concentration ranges of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in groundwater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 841:156602. [PMID: 35690215 PMCID: PMC9653090 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
A meta-analysis was conducted of published literature reporting concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater for sites distributed in 20 countries across the globe. Data for >35 PFAS were aggregated from 96 reports published from 1999 to 2021. The final data set comprises approximately 21,000 data points after removal of time-series and duplicate samples as well as non-detects. The reported concentrations range over many orders of magnitude, from ng/L to mg/L levels. Distinct differences in concentration ranges are observed between sites located within or near sources versus those that are not. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), ranging from <0.03 ng/L to ~7 mg/L, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), ranging from 0.01 ng/L to ~5 mg/L, were the two most reported PFAS. The highest PFAS concentration in groundwater is ~15 mg/L reported for the replacement-PFAS 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS). Maximum reported groundwater concentrations for PFOA and PFOS were compared to concentrations reported for soils, surface waters, marine waters, and precipitation. Soil concentrations are generally significantly higher than those reported for the other media. This accrues to soil being the primary entry point for PFAS release into the environment for many sites, as well as the generally significantly greater retention capacity of soil compared to the other media. The presence of PFAS has been reported for all media in all regions tested, including areas that are far removed from specific PFAS sources. This gives rise to the existence of a "background" concentration of PFAS that must be accounted for in both regional and site-specific risk assessments. The presence of this background is a reflection of the large-scale use of PFAS, their general recalcitrance, and the action of long-range transport processes that distribute PFAS across regional and global scales. This ubiquitous distribution has the potential to significantly impact the quality and availability of water resources in many regions. In addition, the pervasive presence of PFAS in the environment engenders concerns for impacts to ecosystem and human health.
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12
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Zeng H, Li J, Zhao W, Xu J, Xu H, Li D, Zhang J. The Current Status and Prevention of Antibiotic Pollution in Groundwater in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811256. [PMID: 36141524 PMCID: PMC9517307 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The problem of environmental pollution caused by the abuse of antibiotics has received increasing attention. However, only in recent years have antibiotic pollution and its risk assessment to the environment been deeply studied. Although there has been a large number of reports about the input, occurrence, destination, and influence of antibiotics in the past 10 years, systemic knowledge of antibiotics in the groundwater environment is still lacking. This review systematically expounds the sources, migration and transformation, pollution status, and potential risks to the ecological environment of antibiotics in groundwater systems, by integrating 10 years of existing research results. The results showed that 47 kinds of antibiotics in four categories, mainly sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones, have been detected; antibiotics in groundwater species will induce the production of resistance genes and cause ecological harm. In view of the entire process of antibiotics entering groundwater, the current antibiotic control methods at various levels are listed, including the control of the discharge of antibiotics at source, the removal of antibiotics in water treatment plants, and the treatment of existing antibiotic contamination in groundwater. Additionally, the future research direction of antibiotics in groundwater is pointed out, and suggestions and prospects for antibiotic control are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jianxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - He Xu
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Ganesan S, Chawengkijwanich C, Gopalakrishnan M, Janjaroen D. Detection methods for sub-nanogram level of emerging pollutants - Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 168:113377. [PMID: 35995078 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are organofluorine compounds has been manufactured for more than five decades and used in different purposes. Among persistent organic pollutants, PFAS are toxic, bioaccumulative in humans, wildlife, and global environment. As per environmental protection agency (EPA) guidelines, the perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctane sulfonate permissible limit was 0.07 ng/L in drinking water. When the concentration exceeds the acceptable limit, it has negative consequences for humans. In such a case, PFAS monitoring is critical, and a quick detection technique are highly needed. Health departments and regulatory agencies have interests in monitoring of PFAS presences and exposures. For the detection of PFAS, numerous highly precise and sensitive chromatographic methods are available. However, the drawbacks of analytical techniques include timely sample preparations and the lack of on-site applicability. As a result, there is an increasing demand for simple sensor systems for monitoring of PFAS in real field samples. In this review, we first describe the sample pre-treatment and analytical techniques for the detection of PFAS. Second, we broadly discussed available sensor system for the quantification of PFAS in different filed samples. Finally, future trends in PFASs sensor are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunantha Ganesan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Chamorn Chawengkijwanich
- Research Network of NANOTEC - CU on Environment, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand.
| | - Mohan Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Dao Janjaroen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand.
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Hejna M, Kapuścińska D, Aksmann A. Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Environment: A Review on Eco-Toxicology and the Remediation Potential of Algae. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137717. [PMID: 35805373 PMCID: PMC9266021 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of the aquatic environment has become a worldwide problem. The widespread use of pesticides, heavy metals and pharmaceuticals through anthropogenic activities has increased the emission of such contaminants into wastewater. Pharmaceuticals constitute a significant class of aquatic contaminants and can seriously threaten the health of non-target organisms. No strict legal regulations on the consumption and release of pharmaceuticals into water bodies have been implemented on a global scale. Different conventional wastewater treatments are not well-designed to remove emerging contaminants from wastewater with high efficiency. Therefore, particular attention has been paid to the phycoremediation technique, which seems to be a promising choice as a low-cost and environment-friendly wastewater treatment. This technique uses macro- or micro-algae for the removal or biotransformation of pollutants and is constantly being developed to cope with the issue of wastewater contamination. The aims of this review are: (i) to examine the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in water, and their toxicity on non-target organisms and to describe the inefficient conventional wastewater treatments; (ii) present cost-efficient algal-based techniques of contamination removal; (iii) to characterize types of algae cultivation systems; and (iv) to describe the challenges and advantages of phycoremediation.
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15
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Omotola EO, Oluwole AO, Oladoye PO, Olatunji OS. Occurrence, detection and ecotoxicity studies of selected pharmaceuticals in aqueous ecosystems- a systematic appraisal. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 91:103831. [PMID: 35151848 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) have globally emerged as a significant group of environmental contaminants due to the constant detection of their residues in the environment. The main scope of this review is to fill the void of information on the knowledge on the African occurrence of selected PCs in environmental matrices in comparison with those outside Africa and their respective toxic actions on both aquatic and non-aquatic biota through ecotoxicity bioassays. To achieve this objective, the study focused on commonly used and detected pharmaceutical drugs (residues). Based on the conducted literature survey, Africa has the highest levels of ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, lamivudine, acetaminophen, and diclofenac while Europe has the lowest of all these PC residues in her physical environments. For ecotoxicity bioassays, the few data available are mostly on individual groups of pharmaceuticals whereas there is sparsely available data on their combined forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Oyinkansola Omotola
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; Department of Chemical Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode PMB 2118, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | | | - Peter Olusakin Oladoye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, United States
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Khan HK, Rehman MYA, Junaid M, Lv M, Yue L, Haq IU, Xu N, Malik RN. Occurrence, source apportionment and potential risks of selected PPCPs in groundwater used as a source of drinking water from key urban-rural settings of Pakistan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:151010. [PMID: 34662624 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are emerging contaminants that have been extensively used in present time to improve the living standards. Their persistence in water resources due to various anthropogenic sources such as wastewater treatment plants, pharmaceutical industries, and runoff from agricultural and livestock farms has not only threaten aquatic life but their occurrence in groundwater has also raised concerns related to humans' wellbeing. METHODS Considering this as a neglected area of research in Pakistan, a systematic monitoring study was designed to investigate their occurrence, sources, and potential environmental and human health risks in groundwater from urban-rural areas of six cities. Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the collected samples preceded by solid-phase extraction. RESULTS Overall, 8 out of 11 selected PPCPs were detected in groundwater samples with detection frequency ranging from 5.5-65%. Their concentrations ranged from below limit of detection (<LOD) to 1961 ng/L. The overall mean concentrations of detected PPCPs were found below 100 ng/L. The highest mean concentration was reported for Ibuprofen (154 ng/L) in Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Results of PCA-MLR revealed that domestic wastewater discharge (76.4%) was the dominant source contributing to PPCPs contamination in groundwater. Followed by mixed source (pharmaceutical & hospital waste) 17.8%, and rural discharge/animal husbandry 5.8%. No appreciable risk to human health upon exposure to detected PPCPs via drinking water was anticipated. However, environmental risk assessment indicated moderate risk posed to P. subcapitata (RQ = 0.98) and D. magna (RQ = 0.2) by ibuprofen. CONCLUSION The current study reports the first evidence of PPCPs occurrence in groundwater in Pakistan. Reporting their occurrence in groundwater is a fundamental initial step to inform public-health decisions concerning sewage systems and drinking water quality. Hence, comprehensive monitoring programs are required to further investigate contamination of emerging contaminants in groundwater and their associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudda Khaleeq Khan
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ming Lv
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Linxia Yue
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ihsan-Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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17
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Fu JJ, Huang DQ, Bai YH, Shen YY, Lin XZ, Huang Y, Ling YR, Fan NS, Jin RC. How anammox process resists the multi-antibiotic stress: Resistance gene accumulation and microbial community evolution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150784. [PMID: 34624282 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of multiple antibiotics on the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process were investigated. The resistance of the anammox system to high-concentration antibiotics was also demonstrated through gradual acclimation experiments. Inhibition of the anammox process (R1) occurred when the concentrations of erythromycin (ERY), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and tetracycline (TC) were 0.1, 5.0 and 0.1 mg L-1, respectively. The nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of R1 was reduced from 97.2% to 60.7% within 12 days and then recovered to 88.9 ± 9.5% when the nitrogen loading declined from 4.52 ± 0.69 to 2.11 ± 0.58 kg N m-3 d-1. Even when the concentrations of ERY, SMX and TC were as high as 1.0, 15.0 and 1.0 mg L-1, respectively, R1 maintained stable operation. The increases in the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content showed that the anammox process alleviated stress from multiple antibiotics mainly by producing ARGs and secreting EPS. The molecular docking simulation results illustrated the potential binding sites between ammonium transporter and different antibiotics. The upregulation of functional gene expression and the stable abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia in R1 compared with that in the control suggested that the R1 reactor generally maintained more stable long-term operation. This work provides a new understanding of the application of the anammox process to treat wastewater containing multiple antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Fu
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Dong-Qi Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yu-Hui Bai
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yang-Yang Shen
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xia-Zhen Lin
- Teaching Center, Zhejiang Open University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yi-Rong Ling
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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18
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Yang Y, Zhang X, Jiang J, Han J, Li W, Li X, Yee Leung KM, Snyder SA, Alvarez PJJ. Which Micropollutants in Water Environments Deserve More Attention Globally? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:13-29. [PMID: 34932308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Increasing chemical pollution of aquatic environments is a growing concern with global relevance. A large number of organic chemicals are termed as "micropollutants" due to their low concentrations, and long-term exposure to micropollutants may pose considerable risks to aquatic organisms and human health. In recent decades, numerous treatment methods and technologies have been proposed to remove micropollutants in water, and typically several micropollutants were chosen as target pollutants to evaluate removal efficiencies. However, it is often unclear whether their toxicity and occurrence levels and frequencies enable them to contribute significantly to the overall chemical pollution in global aquatic environments. This review intends to answer an important lingering question: Which micropollutants or class of micropollutants deserve more attention globally and should be removed with higher priority? Different risk-based prioritization approaches were used to address this question. The risk quotient (RQ) method was found to be a feasible approach to prioritize micropollutants in a large scale due to its relatively simple assessment procedure and extensive use. A total of 83 prioritization case studies using the RQ method in the past decade were compiled, and 473 compounds that were selected by screening 3466 compounds of three broad classes (pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), pesticides, and industrial chemicals) were found to have risks (RQ > 0.01). To determine the micropollutants of global importance, we propose an overall risk surrogate, that is, the weighted average risk quotient (WARQ). The WARQ integrates the risk intensity and frequency of micropollutants in global aquatic environments to achieve a more comprehensive priority determination. Through metadata analysis, we recommend a ranked list of 53 micropollutants, including 36 PPCPs (e.g., sulfamethoxazole and ibuprofen), seven pesticides (e.g., heptachlor and diazinon), and 10 industrial chemicals (e.g., perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and 4-nonylphenol) for risk management and remediation efforts. One caveat is that the ranked list of global importance does not consider transformation products of micropollutants (including disinfection byproducts) and new forms of pollutants (including antibiotic resistance genes and microplastics), and this list of global importance may not be directly applicable to a specific region or country. Also, it needs mentioning that there might be no best answer toward this question, and hopefully this review can act as a small step toward a better answer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiangru Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jingyi Jiang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiarui Han
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wanxin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kenneth Mei Yee Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong China
| | - Shane A Snyder
- Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, #06-08, 637141, Singapore
| | - Pedro J J Alvarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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Mohamed ZA, Alamri S, Hashem M. The link between microcystin levels in groundwater and surface Nile water, and assessing their potential risk to human health. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2022; 244:103921. [PMID: 34784559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although groundwater is an important source for drinking and irrigation water worldwide, particularly in arid countries, they have been paid little attention to their contamination with microcystins (MCs) compared to surface water. Our study is the fourth one reporting existence of MCs in groundwater due to surface-water and groundwater interaction. Dissolved MCs in groundwater were found with higher concentrations in summer (0.1 to 0.84 μg L-1) than in winter (0-0.06 μg L-1), in association with MCs detected in nearby surface Nile water. The chronic daily intake (CDI) of MCs for both adults and children (0-0.003 μg kg-1 body weight d-1) in groundwater were lower than the chronic reference dose (RfD, 0.003 μg kg-1 body weight d-1) during winter, with hazard quotient less than 1. Conversely, CDI values exceeded the reference dose during summer for both adults (0.005-0.024 μg kg-1 body weight d-1) and children (0.012-0.05 μg kg-1 body weight d-1), with hazard quotient greater than 1. This indicates that MCs concentrations in these groundwater wells might pose adverse health effects to both adults and children during summer, but not during winter. The study provides evidence for the risk of cyanotoxins in groundwater close to cyanobacteria-contaminated surface water. Therefore, regular monitoring for cyanotoxins in groundwater supplies used for drinking-water should be undertaken when cyanobacteria bloom events are noted in nearby surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria A Mohamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt..
| | - Saad Alamri
- King Khalid University, Faculty of Science, Biological Science Department, P.O. Box 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- King Khalid University, Faculty of Science, Biological Science Department, P.O. Box 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Assiut University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Assiut 71516, Egypt
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20
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A review on environmental occurrence, toxicity and microbial degradation of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113694. [PMID: 34537557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) have surfaced as a novel class of pollutants due to their incomplete degradation in wastewater treatment plants and their inherent ability to promote physiological predicaments in humans even at low doses. The occurrence of the most common NSAIDs (diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, and ketoprofen) in river water, groundwater, finished water samples, WWTPs, and hospital wastewater effluents along with their toxicity effects were reviewed. The typical concentrations of NSAIDs in natural waters were mostly below 1 μg/L, the rivers receiving untreated wastewater discharge have often showed higher concentrations, highlighting the importance of effective wastewater treatment. The critical analysis of potential, pathways and mechanisms of microbial degradation of NSAIDs were also done. Although studies on algal and fungal strains were limited, several bacterial strains were known to degrade NSAIDs. This microbial ability is attributed to hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 because of the decrease in drug concentrations in fungal cultures of Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 on incubation with 1-aminobenzotriazole. Moreover, processes like decarboxylation, dehydrogenation, dechlorination, subsequent oxidation, demethylation, etc. also constitute the degradation pathways. A wide array of enzymes like dehydrogenase, oxidoreductase, dioxygenase, monooxygenase, decarboxylase, and many more are upregulated during the degradation process, which indicates the possibility of their involvement in microbial degradation. Specific hindrances in upscaling the process along with analytical research needs were also identified, and novel investigative approaches for future monitoring studies are proposed.
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21
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Yang JS, Lai WWP, Lin AYC. New insight into PFOS transformation pathways and the associated competitive inhibition with other perfluoroalkyl acids via photoelectrochemical processes using GOTiO 2 film photoelectrodes. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 207:117805. [PMID: 34736002 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The global distribution and environmental persistence of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) has been considered a critical environmental concern. In this work, we successfully fabricated a graphene oxide-titanium dioxide (GOTiO2) photoelectrode for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) degradation in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) system. The results reveal that a 5 wt.% GOTiO2 anode possesses the optimal PEC performance, with a band gap (Eg) of 2.42 eV, specific surface area (SBET) of 72.6 m2 g-1 and specific capacitance (Cs) of 4.63 mF cm-2. In the PEC system, PFOS can be efficiently removed within 4 h of reaction time, with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.0124 min-1, under the optimized conditions of current density = 20 mA cm-2, electrode distance = 5 mm, solution pH = 5.64, [PFOS]0= 0.5 µM and NaClO4 electrolyte concentration = 50 mM. The electron transfer pathway, hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals are all responsible for PFOS decomposition/transformation. New degradation pathways were identified; a total of 25 PFOS byproducts are reported in this work; and perfluoroalkane sulfonates (PFSAs), perfluorinated aldehydes (PFALs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) were identified for the first time. PFOS degradation involves the desulfonation pathway as the first step, followed by oxidation and subsequent defluorination, decarboxylation, decarbonylation, sulfonation, defluorination and hydroxylation. The results from this work also show that the reactivity of PFAAs is related to their carbon chain length, with shorter-chain PFAAs exhibiting a lower degradation rate. In a PFAA mixture, a decline in the degradation rate was observed for the shorter-chain-length PFAAs, suggesting stronger competitive inhibition and indicating stronger environmental recalcitrance during the treatment process. Novelty statement: Although many efforts have been made to identify perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) degradation byproducts, previous studies were only able to identify byproducts that are related to perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs). This is the first study to elucidate the new PFOS degradation pathway; furthermore, this is the first report to identify byproducts containing sulfonate groups (perfluoroalkane sulfonates, PFSAs), aldehyde groups (perfluorinated aldehydes, PFALs), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). This study further systematically explores how perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) degradation may be affected in the mixture system: shorter-chain-length PFAAs suffer stronger competitive inhibition in the photoelectrochemical (PEC) system. By utilizing the graphene oxide-titanium dioxide (GOTiO2) photoelectrode fabricated in this work, PFOS can be successfully decomposed during the PEC process for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jheng-Sian Yang
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Webber Wei-Po Lai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Angela Yu-Chen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
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22
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Silori R, Tauseef SM. A Review of the Occurrence of Pharmaceutical Compounds as Emerging Contaminants in Treated Wastewater and Aquatic Environments. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412918666211119142030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
In recent years, pharmaceutical compounds have emerged as potential contaminants in
the aquatic matrices of the environment. High production, consumption, and limited removal
through conventional treatment processes/wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are the major
causes for the occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater and aquatic environments
worldwide. A number of studies report adverse health effects and risks to aquatic life and the ecosystem because of the presence of pharmaceutical compounds in the aquatic environment. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of the occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in treated
wastewater from various WWTPs, surface water and groundwater bodies. Additionally, this review
provides comprehensive information and pointers for research in wastewater treatment and waterbodies management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Silori
- HSE and Civil Engineering Department, UPES, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India
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23
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A Review on Emerging Pollutants in the Water Environment: Existences, Health Effects and Treatment Processes. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13223258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging pollutants (EPs), also known as micropollutants, have been a major issue for the global population in recent years as a result of the potential threats they bring to the environment and human health. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), antibiotics, and hormones that are used in great demand for health and cosmetic purposes have rapidly culminated in the emergence of environmental pollutants. EPs impact the environment in a variety of ways. EPs originate from animal or human sources, either directly discharged into waterbodies or slowly leached via soils. As a result, water quality will deteriorate, drinking water sources will be contaminated, and health issues will arise. Since drinking water treatment plants rely on water resources, the prevalence of this contamination in aquatic environments, particularly surface water, is a severe problem. The review looks into several related issues on EPs in water environment, including methods in removing EPs. Despite its benefits and downsides, the EPs treatment processes comprise several approaches such as physico-chemical, biological, and advanced oxidation processes. Nonetheless, one of the membrane-based filtration methods, ultrafiltration, is considered as one of the technologies that promises the best micropollutant removal in water. With interesting properties including a moderate operating manner and great selectivity, this treatment approach is more popular than conventional ones. This study presents a comprehensive summary of EP’s existence in the environment, its toxicological consequences on health, and potential removal and treatment strategies.
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Zainab SM, Junaid M, Rehman MYA, Lv M, Yue L, Xu N, Malik RN. First insight into the occurrence, spatial distribution, sources, and risks assessment of antibiotics in groundwater from major urban-rural settings of Pakistan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148298. [PMID: 34412409 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics contamination in the water environment is a high priority global concern. Growing levels of antibiotics in freshwater resources, especially groundwater, due to anthropogenic sources such as pharmaceutical and veterinary applications, are alarming. The present study aims to investigate the occurrence, spatial distribution, source apportionment, ecological, and human health risks of antibiotics (n = 23) in groundwater samples (n = 144) of highly populated cities of Pakistan. The elevated level of antibiotics was detected in Faisalabad with the mean concentrations of 13.8 ng/L, followed by Gujrat (7.8 ng/L), Lahore (4.04 ng/L), Quetta 3.9 ng/L, Rawalpindi/Islamabad (2.29 ng/L), and Peshawar (2.03 ng/L), respectively. Out of 23 investigated antibiotics, tigecycline and ciprofloxacin were predominantly present in groundwater with average concentrations of 21.3 ng/L and 18.2 ng/L, respectively. The spatial distribution analyses revealed that among the targeted cities, Faisalabad, an industrial hub of the country, had the most polluted groundwater with dominant classes of antibiotics including quinolones (except flumequine), β-Lactams, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and amphenicols, implying an elevated consumption of human and veterinary drugs in the city. The occurrence of targeted antibiotics varied greatly among cities (p < 0.05). PCA-MLR analysis confirmed domestic discharge (31%), animal husbandry (19%), and pharmaceutical/hospital discharge (48%) as the chief contributors to antibiotics contamination in groundwater of Faisalabad. The risk quotient (RQ) values of targeted antibiotics were reported as 1.16E-07 to 1.03E-02, and demonstrated that antibiotics pose no risks to human health, while hazard quotient (HQ) values were observed as 09.5E-05 to 6.6E-01, and only ciprofloxacin, flumequine, oxytetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole revealed moderate to low ecological risks to water species (0.1 < HQ < 1). Since, no detailed study has been conducted to evaluate the antibiotics' contamination in groundwater of Pakistan, this robust investigation provides a way forward to further explore the environmental and human health implications of antibiotics in major urban-rural settings in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Maria Zainab
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ming Lv
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Linxia Yue
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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25
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Zhong R, Zou H, Gao J, Wang T, Bu Q, Wang ZL, Hu M, Wang Z. A critical review on the distribution and ecological risk assessment of steroid hormones in the environment in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 786:147452. [PMID: 33975111 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During past two decades, steroid hormones have raised significant public concerns due to their potential adverse effects on the hormonal functions of aquatic organisms and humans. Considering China being a big producer and consumer of steroid hormones, we summarize the current contamination status of steroid hormones in different environmental compartments in China, and preliminarily assess the associated risks to ecological systems. The results show that steroid hormones are ubiquitously present in Chinese surface waters where estrogens are the most studied steroids compared with androgens, progestogens and glucocorticoids. Estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) and estriol (E3) are generally the dominant steroid estrogens in Chinese surface waters, whereas for the other steroids, androsterone (ADR), epi-androsterone (EADR), progesterone (PGT), cortisol (CRL) and cortisone (CRN) have relatively large contributions. Meanwhile, the investigations for the other environmental media such as particles, sediments, soils and groundwater have been limited, as well as for steroid conjugates and metabolites. The median risk quotients of most steroid hormones in surface waters and sediments are lower than 1, indicating low to moderate risks to local organisms. This review provides a full picture of steroid distribution and ecological risks in China, which may be useful for future monitoring and risk assessment. More studies may focus on the analysis of steroid conjugates, metabolites, solid phase fractions, analytical method development and acute/chronic toxicities in different matrices to pursue a more precise and holistic risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Zhong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, 300387 Tianjin, PR China
| | - Hongyan Zou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, 300387 Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Jian Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, 300387 Tianjin, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, 300387 Tianjin, PR China
| | - Qingwei Bu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Zhong-Liang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Meng Hu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, No. 55 Wenhua Street, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Zhanyun Wang
- Chair of Ecological Systems Design, Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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26
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Veiga-Gómez M, Nebot C, Falqué E, Pérez B, Franco CM, Cepeda A. Determination of pharmaceuticals and heavy metals in groundwater for human and animal consumption and crop irrigation in Galicia. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:2055-2076. [PMID: 34477499 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1964702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and heavy metals are contaminants present in groundwaters, which are the main source of drinking water in most parts of the world. In the northwest region of Spain, Galicia, groundwater harvesting is a common practice for drinking water supply, crop irrigation, cattle watering, as well as recreational use such as filling pools. In order to assess the quality of Galician groundwaters, the presence of 21 pharmaceuticals and 10 heavy metals was analysed by UPLC-MS/MS and ICP/MS methods, respectively, in a total of 118 groundwater samples from private wells. Seventeen of the 21 compounds studied were detected in 28% of the samples, with the highest presence of pharmaceuticals belonging to the antimicrobial group (52%), specifically the sulphonamides group in a range of concentration between 21 and 14.9 ng/L. In addition, 30% of the samples contained at least one heavy metal (Mn, As and Fe) above the legally permitted levels. Evaluation of the risk associated with the consumption of the analysed groundwater indicated no human risk for any of the detected pharmaceuticals but high cancer risk for children due to Cd, Cr and As concentrations was observe.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Veiga-Gómez
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Carolina Nebot
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Elena Falqué
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Benita Pérez
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vigo-Vigo Campus, Vigo, Spain
| | - Carlos Manuel Franco
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Alberto Cepeda
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
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27
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Opatowski L, Opatowski M, Vong S, Temime L. A One-Health Quantitative Model to Assess the Risk of Antibiotic Resistance Acquisition in Asian Populations: Impact of Exposure Through Food, Water, Livestock and Humans. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2021; 41:1427-1446. [PMID: 33128307 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a major threat worldwide, especially in countries with inadequate sanitation and low antibiotic regulation. However, adequately prioritizing AMR interventions in such settings requires a quantification of the relative impacts of environmental, animal, and human sources in a One-Health perspective. Here, we propose a stochastic quantitative risk assessment model for the different components at interplay in AMR selection and spread. The model computes the incidence of AMR colonization in humans from five different sources: water or food consumption, contacts with livestock, and interhuman contacts in hospitals or the community, and combines these incidences into a per-year acquisition risk. Using data from the literature and Monte-Carlo simulations, we apply the model to hypothetical Asian-like settings, focusing on resistant bacteria that may cause infections in humans. In both scenarios A, illustrative of low-income countries, and B, illustrative of high-income countries, the overall individual risk of becoming colonized with resistant bacteria at least once per year is high. However, the average predicted incidence of colonization was lower in scenario B at 0.82 (CrI [0.13, 5.1]) acquisitions/person/year, versus 1.69 (CrI [0.66, 11.13]) acquisitions/person/year for scenario A. A high percentage of population with no access to improved water on premises and a high percentage of population involved in husbandry are shown to strongly increase the AMR acquisition risk. The One-Health AMR risk assessment framework we developed may prove useful to policymakers throughout Asia, as it can easily be parameterized to realistically reproduce conditions in a given country, provided data are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulla Opatowski
- Institut Pasteur, Epidemiology and Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion (EMAE), Paris, France
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Anti-infective evasion and pharmacoepidemiology team, Université Paris-Saclay, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Marion Opatowski
- Institut Pasteur, Epidemiology and Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion (EMAE), Paris, France
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Anti-infective evasion and pharmacoepidemiology team, Université Paris-Saclay, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Sirenda Vong
- WHO Health Emergencies Department, World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi, India
| | - Laura Temime
- Modélisation, épidémiologie et surveillance des risques sanitaires (MESuRS), Conservatoire national des arts et métiers, Paris, France
- PACRI unit, Institut Pasteur, Conservatoire national des arts et métiers, Paris, France
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28
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Rathi BS, Kumar PS. Application of adsorption process for effective removal of emerging contaminants from water and wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 280:116995. [PMID: 33789220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Emerging pollutants in the marine ecosystem, as well as their possible impact on live species, have become a rising cause of worry. A traditional wastewater treatment plants alone are not successful in eliminating such massive contaminant groups and therefore additional water treatment is required which is to be cost effective. Since standard primary and secondary treatment plants are unsuccessful at eliminating or degrading these harmful chemicals, a cost-effective tertiary treatment approach is proposed. Adsorption is a successful approach for Contaminants removal globally, because it is low installation expense, high performance and has easy operational design. Emerging pollutants have been removed from wastewaters using various adsorbents like activated carbons, improved bio chars, Nano adsorbents, hybrid adsorbents, and others. The purpose of this paper is to review the source of contaminants and the concept of adsorption when separating emerging contaminants. The present study aims to examine the adsorption mechanism as an effective approach for treating emerging contaminants. Then, the analysis of natural and man-made adsorbents for the separation of contaminants is examined along with its comparison. Also, future view on emerging contaminants and adsorbents in modern generation has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Senthil Rathi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, 600119, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
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29
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Ashiq A, Vithanage M, Sarkar B, Kumar M, Bhatnagar A, Khan E, Xi Y, Ok YS. Carbon-based adsorbents for fluoroquinolone removal from water and wastewater: A critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111091. [PMID: 33794177 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the adsorptive removal of Fluoroquinolones (FQ) from water and wastewater. The influence of different physicochemical parameters on the adsorptive removal of FQ-based compounds is detailed. Further, the mechanisms involved in the adsorption of FQ-based antibiotics on various adsorbents are succinctly described. As the first of its kind, this paper emphasizes the performance of each adsorbent for FQ-type antibiotic removal based on partition coefficients of the adsorbents that is a more sensitive parameter than adsorption capacity for comparing the performances of adsorbents under various adsorbate concentrations and heterogeneous environmental conditions. It was found that π-π electron donor-acceptor interactions, electrostatic interactions, and pore-filling were the most prominent mechanisms for FQ adsorption by carbon and clay-based adsorbents. Among all the categories of adsorbents reviewed, graphene showed the highest performance for the removal of FQ antibiotics from water and wastewater. Based on the current state of knowledge, this review fills the gap through methodolically understanding the mechanism for further improvement of FQ antibiotics adsorption performance from water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ashiq
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Science, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Science, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, India
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Department, University of Nevada - Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Yunfei Xi
- Institute for Future Environments & School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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30
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Neha R, Adithya S, Jayaraman RS, Gopinath KP, M P, L P, Arun J. Nano-adsorbents an effective candidate for removal of toxic pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous environment: A critical review on emerging trends. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129852. [PMID: 33581563 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in medical research has resulted in the modernization of healthcare facilities, subsequently leading to a higher level of production and usage of pharmaceuticals to sustain better quality of life. Pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) possess high genotoxicity and eco-toxicity thus presenting numerous side effects to living beings on long-term exposure. The fate and toxicity of PhACs were explored in detail, aiming to elucidate their occurrence and transmission in wastewater treatment systems (WWTPs). Adsorption of pharmaceutical compounds using Nano-adsorbents has gained momentum in recent years owing to their low-cost, high surface area and effectiveness. This review has been conducted in order to widen the utilization of Nano adsorbents in the adsorption of pharmaceutical compounds with a focus on the aqueous environment. The synthesis routes and properties of Nano-adsorbents for removal of PhACs were assessed in a comprehensive way. The recovery and reuse ability of nano-adsorbents also forms an integral part of its application in the removal of PhACs and has hence been delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Neha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srikanth Adithya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramesh Sai Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandimadevi M
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM-Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Praburaman L
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jayaseelan Arun
- Centre for Waste Management, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
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31
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Hong X, Zhao G, Zhou Y, Chen R, Li J, Zha J. Risks to aquatic environments posed by 14 pharmaceuticals as illustrated by their effects on zebrafish behaviour. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:145450. [PMID: 33545463 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceutical residues in aquatic ecosystems is a worldwide problem that may pose serious threats and challenges to the environment, especially to the safety of aquatic biota. In the present study, we investigated the effects of 14 environmentally relevant pharmaceutical compounds on individual and collective-related behaviours in juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) for 21 days. The tested concentrations of the compounds spanned three orders of magnitude. This study also compared the potential risks of these compounds in Chinese surface waters based on the data on their toxic effects or only on behavioural effects. In the case of individual behaviours, most antidepressants, but not anti-inflammatory agents or blood lipid-lowering agents, decreased fish locomotor activity (LMA) and individual social activity (IDS); however, all three classes of compounds induced significant disruptions in the light/dark transition locomotor response (LMR-L/D) performance, even at lower treatment levels (0.1-1 μg/L). Furthermore, collective behaviour (CLB) analysis suggested that most of the compounds significantly altered the group sociability of fish and frequently occurred at environmentally relevant concentrations. Finally, a risk assessment suggested that the presence of ibuprofen, fluoxetine, and venlafaxine in the surface waters of China poses a relatively high risk to fish, regardless of the risk ranking based on the data of the toxic or behavioural effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsheng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yiqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jiasu Li
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jinmiao Zha
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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32
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Lin CH, Chen WH. Influence of water, H2O2, H2SO4, and NaOH filtration on the surface characteristics of a graphene oxide-iron (GO-Fe) membrane. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li Z, Yu X, Yu F, Huang X. Occurrence, sources and fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products and artificial sweeteners in groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20903-20920. [PMID: 33666841 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12721-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is considered as the main source for supplying the public drinking water in many countries and regions; however, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and artificial sweeteners (ASs) found in groundwater can exert harmful effects on human health and aquatic ecosystems, and therefore, they are of persistent concern. The recent data on the occurrence of a series of PPCPs (including antibiotics, excitants and lipid regulators) and ASs often detected in groundwater are reviewed, in which the PPCPs and ASs occur in groundwater at the concentration from several nanograms to several micrograms per litre. In addition, the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of PPCPs and ASs are discussed and the main sources and possibly pollution pathways of PPCPs and ASs in groundwater are summarised and analysed. Additionally, the adsorption, migration and degradation of PPCPs and ASs in underground environments are evaluated. Due to the long residence time in groundwater, pollutants are likely to threaten the freshwater body for decades under certain conditions. Therefore, according to the current level of pollution, it is necessary to improve and enhance the supervision on PPCP and AS pollutants and prevent and control groundwater pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Li
- College of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Xiaopeng Yu
- College of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Furong Yu
- College of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Xin Huang
- College of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
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Albornoz LL, da Silva SW, Bortolozzi JP, Banús ED, Brussino P, Ulla MA, Bernardes AM. Degradation and mineralization of erythromycin by heterogeneous photocatalysis using SnO2-doped TiO 2 structured catalysts: Activity and stability. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:128858. [PMID: 33187661 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysis was used for the degradation and mineralization of erythromycin (ERY), with a consequent production of carboxylic acids. For that, a series of TiO2 and Ti1-xSnxO2 structured catalysts, namely M1 to M5, was prepared using the washcoating method, with the catalytic coatings being deposited onto stainless steel meshes. Besides, the catalytic activity of the prepared systems was compared to that of the commercial mesh (CM). The results showed that the prepared TiO2 structured catalyst (M1) presented better ERY oxidation than the CM one, what was associated to the higher catalyst load and to the anatase/rutile ratio. Considering the Sn-doped structured catalysts, for M2, M4 and M5 catalysts, lower ERY mineralization and high formation of carboxylic acids were found, when compared to the M3 catalyst. The improved M3 activity was attributed to the formation of a staggered gap (type II heterojunction), providing better charge separation. In this situation, a high generation of hydroxyl radicals is obtained, resulting on a higher ERY mineralization. By the obtained results it is possible to determine that the addition order and the type of Sn compound added in the washcoating process, affects the catalytic activity due to the formation of a solid solution and to the type of produced heterostructures. The M3 catalyst also showed high stability in long-term tests up to 44 h of reaction. The results provide insights into the development of an inexpensive structured catalyst production method and its influence in the stability of the photocatalyst, as well as in its applicability on water/wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Albornoz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Minas, Metalúrgica e de Materiais (PPGE3M), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica - INCAPE (UNL - CONICET), Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - S W da Silva
- UFRGS, Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas (IPH) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Hídricos e Saneamento Ambiental, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - J P Bortolozzi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica - INCAPE (UNL - CONICET), Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - E D Banús
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica - INCAPE (UNL - CONICET), Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - P Brussino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica - INCAPE (UNL - CONICET), Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M A Ulla
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica - INCAPE (UNL - CONICET), Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A M Bernardes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Minas, Metalúrgica e de Materiais (PPGE3M), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Xia Y, Ou X, Zhao Y, Xia M, Chen D, Gao W. Facile Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide‐octahedral Mn
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Nanocomposites as a Platform for the Electrochemical Determination of Metronidazole and Sulfamonomethoxine. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Mu Xia
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ou
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Xia
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei‐Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Pharmaceuticals, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and their metabolites, have become a major concern due to their increasing consumption and their widespread occurrence in the environment. In this paper, we investigate the occurrence of NSAIDs and their metabolites in an urban aquifer, which may serve as a potential resource for drinking water, and propose a methodology to assess the removal of these substances in the river–groundwater interface. Then, risk quotients (RQs) are computed, in order to determine the risk posed by the single NSAIDs and their mixture to human health. To this end, six NSAIDs and two metabolites were collected from an urban aquifer located in the metropolitan area of Barcelona (NE, Spain), in which the major pollution source is a contaminated river. All of the target NSAIDs were detected in groundwater samples, where the concentrations in the aquifer were higher than those found in the river water (except for ibuprofen). Diclofenac, ketoprofen, propyphenazone and salicylic acid were detected at high mean concentrations (ranging from 91.8 ng/L to 225.2 ng/L) in the aquifer. In contrast, phenazone and mefenamic acid were found at low mean concentrations (i.e., lower than 25 ng/L) in the aquifer. According to the proposed approach, the mixing of river water recharge into the aquifer seemed to some extent to promote the removal of the NSAIDs under the sub-oxic to denitrifying conditions found in the groundwater. The NSAIDs that presented higher mean removal values were 4OH diclofenac (0.8), ibuprofen (0.78), salicylic acid (0.35) and diclofenac (0.28), which are likely to be naturally attenuated under the aforementioned redox conditions. Concerning human health risk assessment, the NSAIDs detected in groundwater and their mixture do not pose any risk for all age intervals considered, as the associated RQs were all less than 0.05. Nevertheless, this value must be taken with caution, as many pharmaceuticals might occur simultaneously in the groundwater.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Rapid economic growth and its huge population are putting tremendous pressure on water sustainability in China. Ensuring clean drinking water is a great challenge for public health due to water shortage and pollution. This article reviews current scientific findings on health-related issues on drinking water and discusses the challenges for safe and healthy drinking water in China. RECENT FINDINGS From literature published since 2010, a variety of emerging contaminants were detected in drinking water, including disinfection byproducts (DBPs), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), antibiotic resistance genes, and pathogens. Arsenic and fluoride are still the two major contaminants in groundwater. Microcystins, toxins produced by cyanobacteria, were also frequently detected in surface water for drinking. Health effects of exposure to arsenic, fluoride, nitrates, DBPs, and noroviruses in drinking water have been reported in several epidemiological studies. According to literature, water scarcity is still a severe ongoing issue, and regional disparity affects the access to safe and healthy drinking water. In addition, urbanization and climate change have strong influences on drinking water quality and water quantity. Multiple classes of contaminants of emerging concern have been detected in drinking water, while epidemiological studies on their health effects are still inadequate. Water scarcity, regional disparity, urbanization, and climate change are the major challenges for safe and healthy drinking water in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Wu
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Zainab SM, Junaid M, Xu N, Malik RN. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in groundwater: A global review on dissemination, sources, interactions, environmental and human health risks. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 187:116455. [PMID: 33032106 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and evolution of antibiotics for humans and animals are among the most significant milestones of the 20th century. However, antibiotics play a significant role in the induction and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in groundwater that has recently become the primary environmental concern. They are administrated to humans and animals on a large scale and are persistent in the environment. Long term impacts of antibiotics in the ecological environment are not still clearly understood, and their occurrence and consequences have become an important research topic worldwide. The hotspot reservoirs of antibiotics and ARGs include medical facilities, livestock farming, aquaculture, landfills, on-site sanitation systems, sewage, and wastewater treatment plants. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, and tetracycline were found at high concentrations while sulfonamide and tetracycline ARGs were more prevalent in groundwater. Moreover, the highest reported concentrations of targeted antibiotics were used to calculate hazard quotient (HQ) and risk quotient (RQ) in global groundwater bodies to estimate environmental and human health risks, respectively. Due to limited available ecotoxicity data, RQ and HQ can only be calculated for a few antibiotics in groundwater. The risk assessment of antibiotics demonstrated that antibiotics with their current groundwater levels pose no human health risks, whereas only ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, flumequine, and sulfamethoxazole revealed moderate to low risks to aquatic species. The occurrence of ARGs and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs) in groundwater is also not likely to pose human health risk but consumption of groundwater contaminated with ARGs and ARBs might contribute to the development of antibiotic resistance in humans. The present review also sheds light on the relationship between ARGs, antibiotics, microbial communities, and environmental factors in groundwater, and reported a significant correlation between them. It also addresses prospects for future outlooks into further areas of relevant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Maria Zainab
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Sousa JCG, Barbosa MO, Ribeiro ARL, Ratola N, Pereira MFR, Silva AMT. Distribution of micropollutants in estuarine and sea water along the Portuguese coast. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 154:111120. [PMID: 32319933 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work provides the first spatial distribution report of micropollutants (MPs) in the entire Portuguese coast, comprising the ocean shore (sea water, SW) and whenever possible the nearest river discharging on it (estuarine water, EW). This surface water monitoring programme aimed to assess the spatial distribution of 37 MPs with a wide chemical nature, including some substances prioritized by the European Union Directive 39/2013/EU and contaminants of emerging concern targeted in the Watch List of Decisions 495/2015/EU and 840/2018/EU. The risk quotients were estimated in each sampling point for the detected MPs. High concentrations of diclofenac, tramadol and carbamazepine were determined, the latter with medium to high risk for algae. Some pharmaceuticals and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) were broadly distributed, maybe due to the direct discharge into the sea. Atrazine and alachlor were found in the majority of the samples, with alachlor levels often considered as medium to high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- João C G Sousa
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta O Barbosa
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R L Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Ratola
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel F R Pereira
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adrián M T Silva
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Identification of Aquifer Recharge Sources as the Origin of Emerging Contaminants in Intensive Agricultural Areas. La Plana de Castellón, Spain. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12030731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In urban, industrial, and agricultural areas, a vast array of contaminants may be found because they are introduced into the aquifers by different recharge sources. The emerging contaminants (ECs) correspond to unregulated contaminants, which may be candidates for future regulation depending on the results of research into their potential effects on health and on monitoring data regarding their occurrence. ECs frequently found in wastewater, such as acetaminophen, carbamazepine, primidone, and sulfamethoxazole, may be good indicators of the introduction of the reclaimed water to the aquifers. The resistance of the ECs to removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) causes them to be appropriate sewage markers. Plana de Castellón (Spain) is a coastal area that has been characterized by intensive citrus agriculture since the 1970s. Traditionally, in the southern sector of Plana de Castellón, 100% of irrigation water comes from groundwater. In recent years, local farmers have been using a mixture of groundwater and reclaimed water from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to irrigate the citrus. The aims of the present study were: (i) to assess the occurrences, spatial distributions, and concentrations of selected ECs, including 32 antibiotics, 8 UV filters, and 2 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in groundwater in a common agricultural context; (ii) to identify the recharge (pollution) sources acting as the origin of the ECs, and (iii) to suggest ECs as indicators of reclaimed water arrival in detrital heterogeneous aquifers. The obtained data provided relevant information for the management of water resources and elucidated the fate and behavior of emerging contaminants in similar contexts.
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Introduction to wastewater microbiology: special emphasis on hospital wastewater. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING 2020. [PMCID: PMC7252249 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819722-6.00001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The important role of proper sanitation in maintaining good public health has been confirmed in the past years. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) serve as efficient processes in removing pathogens, organic pollutants, nutrients, and pharmaceuticals from wastewaters. However, the advance systems of treatment that we use today are the result of a series of inventions that have been performed since 19th century. This chapter explains the evolution of the wastewater origin and the treatment processes along with the developments in microbiology and pathology that led to the present-day scenario of research and advance facilities. Pharmaceuticals can easily enter the environment due to their incomplete degradation in the treatment processes and because of their adverse effects on organisms and environment they are becoming a matter of great concern. A brief discussion on the presence of pharmaceutical compounds in different environment sectors such as wastewater, WWTPs, and the natural aquatic environment has been provided.
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Sathishkumar P, Meena RAA, Palanisami T, Ashokkumar V, Palvannan T, Gu FL. Occurrence, interactive effects and ecological risk of diclofenac in environmental compartments and biota - a review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134057. [PMID: 31783460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug has turned into a contaminant of emerging concern; hence, it was included in the previous Watch List of the EU Water Framework Directive. This review paper aims to highlight the metabolism of diclofenac at different trophic levels, its occurrence, ecological risks, and interactive effects in the water cycle and biota over the past two decades. Increased exposure to diclofenac not only raises health concerns for vultures, aquatic organisms, and higher plants but also causes serious threats to mammals. The ubiquitous nature of diclofenac in surface water (river, lake canal, estuary, and sea) is compared with drinking water, groundwater, and wastewater effluent in the environment. This comprehensive survey from previous studies suggests the fate of diclofenac in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and may predict its persistence in the environment. This review offers evidence of fragmentary available data for the water environment, soil, sediment, and biota worldwide and supports the need for further data to address the risks associated with the presence of diclofenac in the environment. Finally, we suggest that the presence of diclofenac and its metabolites in the environment may represent a high risk because of their synergistic interactions with existing contaminants, leading to the development of drug-resistant strains and the formation of newly emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Sathishkumar
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | | | - Thavamani Palanisami
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Veeramuthu Ashokkumar
- Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC), Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thayumanavan Palvannan
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Feng Long Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Investigation and Analysis of Medication Disposal in Hospitals and Community Pharmacies in Taiwan. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su12010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Taiwan offers affordable access to health care through the National Health Insurance (NHI) Program, but this increases the risk of waste of medications and pollution caused by improper disposal. This research aimed to: (1) understand methods of disposal of unused medications, and public awareness of related issues, (2) understand the sources and types of unused medications and reasons for their disposal, and (3) propose improvements to current disposal practices. Data on practices and perspectives on the disposal of medications were collected from members of the public using a questionnaire, and subjected to chi-square analysis of demographic variables. The survey found that many respondents disposed of medications inappropriately, but most believed the government should establish a return system. The majority of discarded medications came from hospitals, and were most frequently discarded because patients had forgotten to take them. Based on these findings, the study proposes that receiving stations be established across Taiwan for the safe and environmentally friendly disposal of unused medications, along with a system of monthly checks and compensation for pharmacists’ costs. The study also suggests that pharmacists strengthen medication guidance, spend more time on medication counseling, better understand the reasons for medication waste, and offer health education and advice to physicians and the public.
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Abstract
Since perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAs) are widely used and harmless to organisms, they have attracted great attention in recent years. The distribution of PFAs in the oceans all around the world is well documented. However, the study of PFAs in Xiamen could be a beneficial complement, for its unique geologies of no rivers that originate from other cities to influence the concentration of PFAs in this area. In this paper, six PFAs were analyzed in water, sediments, and organisms from both freshwater and seawater and the bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were calculated with the quantity of PFAs in different trophic levels of aquatic organisms. The results showed that the ΣPFA concentrations ranged from 7.66 to 11.98 ng·L−1 for seawater samples and from 2.12 to 8.61 ng·L−1 for freshwater. The concentration of ΣPFAs in sediments was 7.43–12.89 ng·g−1 and 4.53–5.80 ng·g−1 in seawater and freshwater, respectively. The PFA concentration in water is highly positive correlated with the PFA concentration in sediments (R2 = 0.85). The calculated bioaccumulation factors (BCFs) were 6412–14254 L·kg−1 and 2927–7959 L·kg−1 for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS), respectively. PFOA seems more bioaccumulative than PFOS in seawater. The results illustrated the PFA pollution in the Xiamen sea area, and it is useful for the protection and control of the organic pollutants in this area.
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45
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Mohapatra DP, Kirpalani DM. Advancement in treatment of wastewater: Fate of emerging contaminants. CAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Prakash Mohapatra
- National Research Council of CanadaEnergy Mining and Environment Research Centre 1200 Montreal Road Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada
| | - Deepak M. Kirpalani
- National Research Council of CanadaEnergy Mining and Environment Research Centre 1200 Montreal Road Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada
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Oberoi AS, Jia Y, Zhang H, Khanal SK, Lu H. Insights into the Fate and Removal of Antibiotics in Engineered Biological Treatment Systems: A Critical Review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:7234-7264. [PMID: 31244081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics, the most frequently prescribed drugs of modern medicine, are extensively used for both human and veterinary applications. Antibiotics from different wastewater sources (e.g., municipal, hospitals, animal production, and pharmaceutical industries) ultimately are discharged into wastewater treatment plants. Sorption and biodegradation are the two major removal pathways of antibiotics during biological wastewater treatment processes. This review provides the fundamental insights into sorption mechanisms and biodegradation pathways of different classes of antibiotics with diverse physical-chemical attributes. Important factors affecting sorption and biodegradation behavior of antibiotics are also highlighted. Furthermore, this review also sheds light on the critical role of extracellular polymeric substances on antibiotics adsorption and their removal in engineered biological wastewater treatment systems. Despite major advancements, engineered biological wastewater treatment systems are only moderately effective (48-77%) in the removal of antibiotics. In this review, we systematically summarize the behavior and removal of different antibiotics in various biological treatment systems with discussion on their removal efficiency, removal mechanisms, critical bioreactor operating conditions affecting antibiotics removal, and recent innovative advancements. Besides, relevant background information including antibiotics classification, physical-chemical properties, and their occurrence in the environment from different sources is also briefly covered. This review aims to advance our understanding of the fate of various classes of antibiotics in engineered biological wastewater treatment systems and outlines future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanyan Jia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Hong Kong
| | | | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering , University of Hawaii at Ma̅noa , 1955 East-West Road , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
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Panthi S, Sapkota AR, Raspanti G, Allard SM, Bui A, Craddock HA, Murray R, Zhu L, East C, Handy E, Callahan MT, Haymaker J, Kulkarni P, Anderson B, Craighead S, Gartley S, Vanore A, Betancourt WQ, Duncan R, Foust D, Sharma M, Micallef SA, Gerba C, Parveen S, Hashem F, May E, Kniel K, Pop M, Ravishankar S, Sapkota A. Pharmaceuticals, herbicides, and disinfectants in agricultural water sources. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 174:1-8. [PMID: 31015109 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural water withdrawals account for the largest proportion of global freshwater use. Increasing municipal water demands and droughts are straining agricultural water supplies. Therefore, alternative solutions to agricultural water crises are urgently needed, including the use of nontraditional water sources such as advanced treated wastewater or reclaimed water, brackish water, return flows, and effluent from produce processing facilities. However, it is critical to ensure that such usage does not compromise soil, crop, and public health. Here, we characterized five different nontraditional water types (n = 357 samples) for the presence of pharmaceuticals, herbicides, and disinfectants using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry based method (UPLC-MS/MS). We then evaluated whether the levels of these contaminants were influenced by season. The highest level of herbicides (atrazine) was detected in untreated pond water (median concentration 135.9 ng/L). Reclaimed water had the highest levels of antibiotics and stimulants including azithromycin (215 ng/L), sulfamethoxazole (232.1 ng/L), and caffeine (89.4 ng/L). Produce processing plant water also tended to have high levels of atrazine (102.7 ng/L) and ciprofloxacin (80.1 ng/L). In addition, we observed seasonal variability across water types, with the highest atrazine concentrations observed during summer months, while the highest median azithromycin concentrations were observed in reclaimed water during the winter season. Further studies are needed to evaluate if economically feasible on-farm water treatment technologies can effectively remove such contaminants from nontraditional irrigation water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Panthi
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Amy R Sapkota
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Greg Raspanti
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sarah M Allard
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Anthony Bui
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Hillary A Craddock
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Rianna Murray
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Libin Zhu
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1117 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Cheryl East
- Environmental Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA-ARS, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Eric Handy
- Environmental Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA-ARS, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Mary Theresa Callahan
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, 2126 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Joseph Haymaker
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Prachi Kulkarni
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Brienna Anderson
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, 044 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Shani Craighead
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, 044 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Samantha Gartley
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, 044 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Adam Vanore
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, 044 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Walter Q Betancourt
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 2959 W Calle Agua Nueva, Tucson, AZ 85745, USA
| | - Rico Duncan
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Derek Foust
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Manan Sharma
- Environmental Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA-ARS, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Shirley A Micallef
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, 2126 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Charles Gerba
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 2959 W Calle Agua Nueva, Tucson, AZ 85745, USA
| | - Salina Parveen
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Fawzy Hashem
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Eric May
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Kalmia Kniel
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, 044 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Mihai Pop
- Department of Computer Science & the Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, 8223 Paint Brach Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sadhana Ravishankar
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1117 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Amir Sapkota
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Patel M, Kumar R, Kishor K, Mlsna T, Pittman CU, Mohan D. Pharmaceuticals of Emerging Concern in Aquatic Systems: Chemistry, Occurrence, Effects, and Removal Methods. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3510-3673. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 827] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manvendra Patel
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Kamal Kishor
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Todd Mlsna
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Charles U. Pittman
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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49
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Liu Y, Ma L, Yang Q, Li G, Zhang F. Occurrence and spatial distribution of perfluorinated compounds in groundwater receiving reclaimed water through river bank infiltration. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:1203-1211. [PMID: 30223336 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in groundwater are of widespread concern due to their potential toxicity to human health and ecological systems. PFCs in rivers can infiltrate into groundwater through riverbank infiltration, potentially endangering the safety of drinking water and causing a deterioration in the groundwater environment. This study investigated the occurrence of PFCs in rivers and riverside groundwater from 2014 to 2017 in a city in north China. PFCs were detected in most of the groundwater samples, ranging from not detected to 64.8 ng L-1. The predominant PFCs in both river and groundwater samples were perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorobutane sulfonate and perfluorobutanoic acid. The PFC concentrations and major compounds were consistent in both the river and riverside groundwater samples at each site, suggesting that the adjacent river was the source of the PFCs in the riverside groundwater. The spatial distribution of the PFCs in the riverside groundwater was affected by the hydraulic connection between the groundwater and the river, the lithology of the aquifer and the properties of the compounds. The results indicated that PFCs were attenuated during riverbank infiltration and the ability of different riverbank lithologies to remove PFCs was in the order sandy clay > fine sand > sandy gravel. Perfluorooctane sulfonate concentrations decreased sharply with increasing distances from river, whereas perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorobutane sulfonate and perfluorobutanoic acid could by transported for greater distances in riverside groundwater. This study provides valuable information on PFCs in riverside groundwater affected by riverbank infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lin Ma
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Beijing Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Beijing 100195, China
| | - Guanghe Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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50
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Yan P, Sui Q, Lyu S, Hao H, Schröder HF, Gebhardt W. Elucidation of the oxidation mechanisms and pathways of sulfamethoxazole degradation under Fe(II) activated percarbonate treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:973-980. [PMID: 30021330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fe(II) activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) process (SPC/Fe(II)) could efficiently remove sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in the aqueous phase, and has the potential in groundwater remediation. However, the degradation mechanisms, especially the degradation products and pathways till now have remained unclear. In the present study, intermediate products were identified using high resolution liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LCMS-IT-TOF). Nine intermediate products were identified, six of which have not yet been reported during the oxidation of SMX. The oxidation mechanisms involved hydroxyl substitution, the cleavage of sulfonamide bond, isoxazole ring opening and a rearrangement following the loss of the SO2-group. Based on the identified intermediate products, the degradation pathways of SMX by SPC/Fe(II) process were illustrated. Fenton's reaction after the dissolution of SPC was proposed as the main reaction mechanisms, which was checked and confirmed by radical species detection tests and radical species scavenging studies. The results showed that although both O2- and HO were present in SPC/Fe(II) system, HO was dominant in the system while O2- was seldom involved in the degradation of SMX. These findings provided useful information and supported the application of this advanced oxidation process for antibiotics elimination in the groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qian Sui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Shuguang Lyu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hongyuan Hao
- Analytical Applications Center, Shimadzu (China) CO., LTD, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Horst Friedrich Schröder
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Environmental Analytical Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Gebhardt
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Environmental Analytical Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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