1
|
Sewry CA. Historical aspects of muscle research in the Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre: the Hammersmith days. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:925-930. [PMID: 34736633 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Sewry
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Developmental Neurosciences Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health 30 Guildford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom; Department of Musculoskeletal Histopathology and the Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Diseases, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Oswestry, SY10 7AG United Kingdom; Department of Cellular Pathology, Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Northern Care Alliance NHS Group, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
McMorran BJ, Miceli MC, Baum LG. Lectin-binding characterizes the healthy human skeletal muscle glycophenotype and identifies disease-specific changes in dystrophic muscle. Glycobiology 2017; 27:1134-1143. [PMID: 28973355 PMCID: PMC6283322 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of muscle glycosylation to date has derived from studies in mouse models and a limited number of human lectin histochemistry studies. As various therapeutic approaches aimed at treating patients with muscular dystrophies are being translated from rodent models to human, it is critical to better understand human muscle glycosylation and relevant disease-specific differences between healthy and dystrophic muscle. Here, we report the first quantitative characterization of human muscle glycosylation, and identify differentiation- and disease-specific differences in human muscle glycosylation. Utilizing a panel of 13 lectins with varying glycan specificities, we surveyed lectin binding to primary and immortalized myoblasts and myotubes from healthy and dystrophic sources. Following differentiation of primary and immortalized healthy human muscle cells, we observed increased binding of Narcissus pseudonarcissus agglutinin (NPA), PNA, MAA-II and WFA to myotubes compared to myoblasts. Following differentiation of immortalized healthy and dystrophic human muscle cells, we observed disease-specific differences in binding of NPA, Jac and Tricosanthes japonica agglutinin-I (TJA-I) to differentiated myotubes. We also observed differentiation- and disease-specific differences in binding of NPA, Jac, PNA, TJA-I and WFA to glycoprotein receptors in muscle cells. Additionally, Jac, PNA and WFA precipitated functionally glycosylated α-DG, that bound laminin, while NPA and TJA-I did not. Lectin histochemistry of healthy and dystrophic human muscle sections identified disease-specific differences in binding of O-glycan and sialic acid-specific lectins between healthy and dystrophic muscle. These results indicate that specific and discrete changes in glycosylation occur following differentiation, and identify specific lectins as potential biomarkers sensitive to changes in healthy human muscle glycosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J McMorran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., CHS 14-127, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - M Carrie Miceli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, 609 Charles E Young Dr E, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Linda G Baum
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., CHS 14-127, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Affiliation(s)
- R G Roberts
- Division of Medical and Molecular Genetics, United Medical and Dental Schools, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stauber WT, Fritz VK, Clarkson PM, Riggs JE. An injury model myopathy mimicking dystrophy: implications regarding the function of dystrophin. Med Hypotheses 1991; 35:358-62. [PMID: 1943889 DOI: 10.1016/0306-9877(91)90285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of dystrophin deficient myopathies remains unknown. Rat and human muscles subjected to severe injury following repeated eccentric muscle actions demonstrate histopathological alterations which mimic a dystrophic process. Immunofluorescent histochemical examination of these injured muscles demonstrates a separation of proteoglycans of the basal lamina from the muscle plasma membrane, the identical histopathological alteration observed in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that dystrophin is essential for maintenance of the structural integrity of the sarcolemma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Stauber
- Department of Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ervasti JM, Ohlendieck K, Kahl SD, Gaver MG, Campbell KP. Deficiency of a glycoprotein component of the dystrophin complex in dystrophic muscle. Nature 1990; 345:315-9. [PMID: 2188135 DOI: 10.1038/345315a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 739] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dystrophin, the protein encoded by the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene, exists in a large oligomeric complex. We show here that four glycoproteins are integral components of the dystrophin complex and that the concentration of one of these is greatly reduced in DMD patients. Thus, the absence of dystrophin may lead to the loss of a dystrophin-associated glycoprotein, and the reduction in this glycoprotein may be one of the first stages of the molecular pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Ervasti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- V Dubowitz
- Department of Paediatrics & Neonatal Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Voit T, Patel K, Dunn MJ, Dubowitz V, Strong PN. Distribution of dystrophin, nebulin and Ricinus communis I (RCA-I)-binding glycoprotein in tissues of normal and mdx mice. J Neurol Sci 1989; 89:199-211. [PMID: 2647911 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(89)90022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dystrophin, the protein product of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene locus, appeared as an immunoreactive triplet of polypeptides in striated muscle tissues from normal mice on Western blot analysis. In smooth muscle tissues, an immunoreactive doublet of corresponding molecular weight was detected. No dystrophin was found in normal mouse brain, not even after enrichment for the Triton X-100 insoluble fraction. Dystrophin was absent from all corresponding tissues from the mdx mutant mouse strain which is known to lack dystrophin. The possibility that these immunoreactive bands represent isoforms is discussed. We have also investigated two other high molecular weight proteins which show secondary abnormalities in DMD muscle, namely nebulin and the 370 kDa Ricinus communis I lectin (RCA I)-binding glycoprotein. Nebulin levels were reduced in skeletal muscle from 6-week-old mdx mice but not in oesophagus from the same animals. By contrast, the RCA I-binding 370 kDa glycoprotein which is greatly reduced in DMD skeletal muscle was present in normal amounts in mdx skeletal muscle. These findings show, for the first time, that mdx myopathy differs from DMD myopathy not only morphologically, but also in its secondary biochemical abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Voit
- Jerry Lewis Muscle Research Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Neonatal Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, U.K
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Patel K, Voit T, Dunn MJ, Strong PN, Dubowitz V. Dystrophin and nebulin in the muscular dystrophies. J Neurol Sci 1988; 87:315-26. [PMID: 3062133 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(88)90256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle from patients with 5 different forms of muscular dystrophy and from 6 fetuses at high risk (95%) for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) were probed with specific antibodies for the presence of dystrophin and nebulin. Dystrophin was absent in all 5 patients with DMD and 4 of 6 fetuses at high risk for DMD and present in trace amounts in the remaining two. Dystrophin was also undetectable in one borderline DMD/Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) case and reduced in 2 of 4 cases of BMD. In contrast, dystrophin was present in all 16 biopsies from 4 other types of muscular dystrophy (congenital, limb girdle, Emery-Dreifuss and facioscapulohumeral). Nebulin profiles varied with the type, severity and duration of the dystrophic process. Nebulin was present in 5 of 6 DMD fetal samples but vastly reduced or absent in all samples of clinically manifest DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Patel
- Jerry Lewis Muscle Research Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Neonatal Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, U.K
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bonilla E, Samitt CE, Miranda AF, Hays AP, Salviati G, DiMauro S, Kunkel LM, Hoffman EP, Rowland LP. Duchenne muscular dystrophy: deficiency of dystrophin at the muscle cell surface. Cell 1988; 54:447-52. [PMID: 3042151 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Dystrophin is the altered gene product in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We used polyclonal antibodies against dystrophin to immunohistochemically localize the protein in human muscle. In normal individuals and in patients with myopathies other than DMD, dystrophin was localized to the sarcolemma of the fibers. The protein was absent or markedly deficient in DMD. The sarcolemmal localization of dystrophin is consistent with other evidence that there are structural and functional abnormalities of muscle surface membranes in DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Bonilla
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Helliwell TR. Lectin binding and desmin staining during bupivicaine-induced necrosis and regeneration in rat skeletal muscle. J Pathol 1988; 155:317-26. [PMID: 3171773 DOI: 10.1002/path.1711550407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The processes of bupivicaine-induced necrosis and regeneration in rat skeletal muscle have been studied with a panel of biotinylated lectins and by immunohistochemical staining for desmin. The results indicate that the binding of lectins to the periphery of muscle fibres is not altered in necrotic and regenerating fibres at the light microscopic level although abnormal cytoplasmic staining by lectins occurs early in necrosis and is also present during regeneration. Desmin staining is lost at an early stage of necrosis and is present at an early stage of regeneration. Desmin staining in combination with morphometrical assessment of the rate of fusion and growth of regenerating fibres provides a powerful method for evaluating the processes of muscle regeneration in experimental situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T R Helliwell
- Department of Pathology, University of Liverpool, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Voit T, Sewry CA, Dunn MJ, Dubowitz V. Binding of Ricinus communis I lectin to developing dystrophic muscle in human fetus. J Neurol Sci 1988; 84:301-14. [PMID: 3379448 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(88)90134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies it was shown that a D-galactose-specific lectin, Ricinus communis I (RCA I), does not bind to the plasma membrane of muscle fibres from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in contrast to normal muscle. We have now studied RCA I binding to the membranes of developing human fetal muscle in fetuses at 95% risk of DMD (n = 6) and normal controls (n = 5) with a developmental range of 12-20 weeks of gestation. The results were compared to the membrane appearance with conventional ultrastructure. Binding of RCA I to the muscle basement membrane was consistently strong from the early stages of myogenesis, such as in fusing myoblasts/myocytes. RCA I binding to the plasma membrane was weak but detectable in both DMD and normal fetuses at 12-14 weeks of gestation. Both the normal and diseased condition showed an increase of RCA I labelling of the muscle plasma membrane at 15-17 weeks and strong labelling at 18-20 weeks of gestation. No difference was observed in the RCA I localization of normal and diseased human fetal muscle plasma membrane. It is concluded that (a) the plasma membrane in developing fetal muscle undergoes a maturation process between 12 and 20 weeks gestational age leading to an increase in expression of RCA I binding carbohydrate moieties; and (b) that the absence of RCA I binding glycoprotein in mature DMD muscle plasma membrane reflects a change acquired during the course of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Voit
- Jerry Lewis Muscle Research Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Neonatal Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, U.K
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Worton RG, Burghes AH. Molecular genetics of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 1988; 29:1-76. [PMID: 3042661 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R G Worton
- Genetics Department, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
In order to assess the possible utility of lectin binding to identify the cellular components of fixed arterial lesions we studied lectin binding in experimental rabbit and monkey vessels, as well as in human atherosclerotic arteries obtained at surgery. The avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique was used to localize the binding of the following biotinylated lectins: Concanavalin A (Con A), Dolicho biflorus agglutinin (DBA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin (PHA), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and Ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA). PHA demonstrated specific cytoplasmic staining of macrophages in rabbit, monkey, and human tissues and differentiated macrophages from other cell types in atherosclerotic lesions. When morphometric comparisons were made between lesion PHA staining and another macrophage marker, acid lipase, very similar results were obtained. Con A, RCA, and WGA stained macrophages intensely and differentiated them from other cell types in normal reticuloendothelial tissues and lesions, but also stained smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells when these cells developed lipid vacuoles. UEA stained the endothelium of vasa vasorum consistently in human arteries, but staining of artery lumen endothelium was variable. Endothelial cells of rabbit or monkey vessels did not stain with UEA. DBA, PNA, and SBA did not consistently stain any cellular structures in arteries. PHA was found to be an excellent marker to differentiate and quantify macrophages in glutaraldehyde or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded experimental and human atherosclerotic lesions. Con A, RCA and WGA merit further detailed study in conjunction with other histochemical tests as possible markers of functional changes in arterial cells during lesion development.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ohno K, Nakano C, Ishii S, Takeshita K. Cytotoxicity of lectins toward skin fibroblasts from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy. JINRUI IDENGAKU ZASSHI. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 1986; 31:85-91. [PMID: 3820771 DOI: 10.1007/bf01871402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
15
|
Witkowski JA. Tissue culture studies of muscle disorders: Part 1. Techniques, cell growth, morphology, cell surface. Muscle Nerve 1986; 9:191-207. [PMID: 3517638 DOI: 10.1002/mus.880090302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue culture has been used extensively in studies of human inherited disorders, and its application in the field of the neuromuscular disorders has increased rapidly in recent years. This review, covering the period 1977 to 1984, deals with tissue culture studies of both human and animal muscle disorders, although Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) figures prominently because of the overwhelming interest in that disorder. The review is in two parts. In the first part, I discuss technical innovations in the field, the morphology and growth of cells, and a variety of studies related to the cell surface. Important findings in relation to DMD include reports of abnormal growth rates and reduced lifespan of DMD cells, hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, abnormal cell-to-cell and cell-to-substratum adhesion, and a more "fluid" cell membrane. However, these findings are controversial or have so far been reported only by single laboratories.
Collapse
|
16
|
Capaldi MJ, Dunn MJ, Sewry CA, Dubowitz V. Lectin blotting of human muscle. Identification of a high molecular weight glycoprotein which is absent or altered in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Neurol Sci 1985; 68:225-31. [PMID: 4009204 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(85)90103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Using a combination of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting, a high molecular weight Ricinus communis I (RCA I)-binding glycoprotein (approx. Mr 370000) has been identified in human muscle that is consistently altered or absent in muscle from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In addition, a Mr 54000 RCA I-binding glycoprotein was identified in 4 out and 8 DMD muscle samples that was not present in normal muscle. The possibility that the Mr 370000 glycoprotein could be a muscle membrane glycoprotein which is altered or absent in DMD is discussed.
Collapse
|
17
|
LUCAS-HERON BRIGITTE, LOIRAT MARIEJEANNE, OLLIVIER BÉATRICE. EVIDENCE FOR SARCOLEMMAL ABNORMALITIES IN THE DYSTROPHIC MOUSE SKELETAL MUSCLE . Biomed Res 1985. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.6.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
18
|
Capaldi MJ, Dunn MJ, Sewry CA, Dubowitz V. Lectin binding in human skeletal muscle: a comparison of 15 different lectins. THE HISTOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 1985; 17:81-92. [PMID: 3988549 DOI: 10.1007/bf01003405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates have been used in a comprehensive histochemical study of human skeletal muscle. The staining patterns of many lectins were found to be coincident with the known distributions of types I, III, IV and V collagen, fibronectin and laminin. One lectin, Bandeiraea simplicifolia (BSA I), selectively stained capillaries in a blood group-specific manner, the significance of which is unknown. The results show that although lectins are useful cytochemical probes for identifying tissue glycoconjugates, lectin binding is not solely determined by monosaccharide specificity as lectins which interact with the same sugars may have completely different staining patterns. Factors such as accessibility, glycan conformation and oligosaccharide sequence also affect lectin binding in tissues. For these reasons, we conclude that a comprehensive histochemical investigation of tissue glycoconjugates should employ a large number of lectins, preferably with overlapping sugar specificities.
Collapse
|
19
|
Capaldi MJ, Dunn MJ, Sewry CA, Dubowitz V. Binding of Ricinus communis I lectin to the muscle cell plasma membrane in diseased muscle. J Neurol Sci 1984; 64:315-24. [PMID: 6470742 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(84)90179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Using an electron histochemical technique, we have observed the binding of a D-galactose-specific lectin to the muscle cell plasma membrane in muscle biopsies taken from patients with various neuromuscular disorders. In spinal muscular atrophy, the only neurogenic disease studied, the plasma membrane stained as in normal muscle. However, in the myopathies Becker and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and in the polymyositis there was a reduction in both the occurrence and the intensity of staining of the plasma membrane. Reduced lectin binding by the plasma membrane probably reflects secondary changes in the composition of glycoproteins and/or glycolipids in the membrane and seems to be common to all these myopathies to varying degrees.
Collapse
|