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Dai Y, Kretz CA, Kim PY, Gross PL. A specific fluorescence resonance energy quenching-based biosensor for measuring thrombin activity in whole blood. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:1627-1639. [PMID: 38382740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At sites of vessel injury, thrombin acts as the central mediator of coagulation by catalyzing fibrin clot formation and platelet activation. Thrombin generation is most frequently measured in plasma samples using small-molecule substrates; however, these have low specificity for thrombin and limited utility in whole blood. Plasma assays are limited because they ignore the hemostatic contributions of blood cells and require anticoagulation and the addition of supraphysiological concentrations of calcium. OBJECTIVES To overcome these limitations, we designed and characterized a fluorescence resonance energy quenching-based thrombin sensor (FTS) protein. METHODS The fluorescence resonance energy quenching pair of mAmetrine and tTomato, separated by a thrombin recognition sequence, was developed. The protein was expressed using Escherichia coli, and purity was assessed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The cleavage of FTS was monitored by fluorescence using excitation at 406 nm and emission at 526 nm and 581 nm. RESULTS Compared with small-molecule substrates, the FTS demonstrated high specificity for thrombin; it is not cleaved by thrombin or inhibited by α2-macroglobulin and interacts with thrombin's anion-binding exosite I. The FTS can effectively measure thrombin generation in plasma and in finger-prick whole blood, which allows it to be developed into a point-of-care test of thrombin generation. The FTS does not inhibit standard thrombin-generation assays. Lastly, FTS-based thrombin generation in nonanticoagulated finger-prick blood was delayed but enhanced compared with that in citrated plasma. CONCLUSION The FTS will broaden our understanding of thrombin generation in ways that are not attainable with current methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dai
- Hamilton Health Sciences and Departments of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin A Kretz
- Hamilton Health Sciences and Departments of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Y Kim
- Hamilton Health Sciences and Departments of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter L Gross
- Hamilton Health Sciences and Departments of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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2
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Kim G, Yang H. Electrochemical biosensor using direct electron transfer and an antibody-aptamer hybrid sandwich for target detection in complex biological samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 253:116184. [PMID: 38452569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Direct electron transfer (DET) between an electrode and redox labels is feasible in electrochemical biosensors using small aptamer-aptamer sandwiches; however, its application is limited in biosensors that rely on larger antibody-antibody sandwiches. The development of sandwich-type biosensors utilizing DET is challenged by the scarcity of aptamer-aptamer sandwich pairs with high affinity in complex biological samples. Here, we introduce an electrochemical biosensor using an antibody-aptamer hybrid sandwich for detecting thrombin in human serum. The biosensor enables rapid DET through an antibody-aptamer hybrid configuration comprising (i) an antibody capture probe that provides high and specific affinity to the target in human serum, (ii) the target thrombin, and (iii) an aptamer detection probe that facilitates convenient terminal conjugation with long flexible spacer DNA and polylinker peptide containing multiple amine-reactive phenazine ethosulfate (arPES) redox labels, allowing the conjugated labels to easily approach the electrode. Rapid repeated DET using arPES-catalyzed NADH oxidation strongly enhanced the electrochemical signals. Properly sized spacer and polylinker provided low nonspecific adsorption of the aptamer probe conjugated with multiple arPESs and low interference with the binding of the aptamer probe. Methods for immobilizing thiol-terminated antibodies on Au electrodes were compared and optimized. The developed biosensor using the antibody-aptamer hybrid sandwich exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity in detecting thrombin, surpassing the limitations of an aptamer-aptamer sandwich owing to the low affinity of thrombin aptamers in human serum. The calculated detection limit of the biosensor was ∼1.5 pM in buffer and ∼2.7 nM in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesik Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Yu S, Liu J, Li L, Ma K, Kong J, Zhang X. An electrochemical biosensor for the amplification of thrombin activity by perylene-mediated photoinitiated polymerization. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1302:342494. [PMID: 38580414 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombin, a coagulation system protease, is a key enzyme involved in the coagulation cascade and has been developed as a marker for coagulation disorders. However, the methods developed in recent years have the disadvantages of complex operation, long reaction time, low specificity and sensitivity. Meanwhile, thrombin is at a lower level in the pre-disease period. Therefore, to accurately diagnose the disease, it is necessary to develop a fast, simple, highly sensitive and specific method using signal amplification technology. RESULTS We designed an electrochemical biosensor based on photocatalytic atom transfer radical polymerization (photo-ATRP) signal amplification for the detection of thrombin. Sulfhydryl substrate peptides (without carboxyl groups) are self-assembled to the gold electrode surface via Au-S bond and serve as thrombin recognition probes. The substrate peptide is cleaved in the presence of thrombin to generate -COOH, which can form a carboxylate-Zr(IV)-carboxylate complex via Zr(IV) and initiator (α-bromophenylacetic acid, BPAA). Subsequently, an electrochemical biosensor was prepared by introducing polymer chains with electrochemical signaling molecules (ferrocene, Fc) onto the electrode surface by photocatalytic (perylene, Py) mediated ATRP using ferrocenylmethyl methacrylate (FMMA) as a monomer. The concentration of thrombin was evaluated by the voltammetric signal generated by square wave voltammetry (SWV), and the result showed that the biosensor was linear between 1.0 ng/mL ∼ 10 fg/mL, with a lower detection limit of 4.0 fg/mL (∼0.1 fM). Moreover, it was shown to be highly selective for thrombin activity in complex serum samples and for thrombin inhibition screening. SIGNIFICANCE The biosensor is an environmentally friendly and economically efficient strategy while maintaining the advantages of high sensitivity, anti-interference, good stability and simplicity of operation, which has great potential for application in the analysis of complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibing Yu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China
| | - Jingliang Liu
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing XiaoZhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China
| | - Lianzhi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, PR China
| | - Kefeng Ma
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China
| | - Jinming Kong
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China.
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
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4
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Brosel-Oliu S, Rius G, Aviñó A, Nakatsuka N, Illa X, Del Corro E, Delgà-Fernández M, Masvidal-Codina E, Rodríguez N, Merino JP, Criado A, Prato M, Tkatchenko R, Eritja R, Godignon P, Garrido JA, Villa R, Guimerà A, Prats-Alfonso E. Single-Step Functionalization Strategy of Graphene Microtransistor Array with Chemically Modified Aptamers for Biosensing Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308857. [PMID: 38072781 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Graphene solution-gated field-effect transistors (gSGFETs) offer high potential for chemical and biochemical sensing applications. Among the current trends to improve this technology, the functionalization processes are gaining relevance for its crucial impact on biosensing performance. Previous efforts are focused on simplifying the attachment procedure from standard multi-step to single-step strategies, but they still suffer from overreaction, and impurity issues and are limited to a particular ligand. Herein, a novel strategy for single-step immobilization of chemically modified aptamers with fluorenylmethyl and acridine moieties, based on a straightforward synthetic route to overcome the aforementioned limitations is presented. This approach is benchmarked versus a standard multi-step strategy using thrombin as detection model. In order to assess the reliability of the functionalization strategies 48-gSGFETs arrays are employed to acquire large datasets with multiple replicas. Graphene surface characterization demonstrates robust and higher efficiency in the chemical coupling of the aptamers with the single-step strategy, while the electrical response evaluation validates the sensing capability, allowing to implement different alternatives for data analysis and reduce the sensing variability. In this work, a new tool capable of overcome the functionalization challenges of graphene surfaces is provided, paving the way toward the standardization of gSGFETs for biosensing purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Brosel-Oliu
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Rius
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Aviñó
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Nako Nakatsuka
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Xavi Illa
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Elena Del Corro
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Delgà-Fernández
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Masvidal-Codina
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro Merino
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Alejandro Criado
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Rúa as Carballeiras, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, 15071, Spain
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste, 3412 7, Italy
| | - Raphaela Tkatchenko
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Eritja
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Philippe Godignon
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - José Antonio Garrido
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Rosa Villa
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Anton Guimerà
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Elisabet Prats-Alfonso
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
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Hanson EK, Whelan RJ. Combining the Benefits of Biotin-Streptavidin Aptamer Immobilization with the Versatility of Ni-NTA Regeneration Strategies for SPR. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2805. [PMID: 38732912 PMCID: PMC11086168 DOI: 10.3390/s24092805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The high affinity of the biotin-streptavidin interaction has made this non-covalent coupling an indispensable strategy for the immobilization and enrichment of biomolecular affinity reagents. However, the irreversible nature of the biotin-streptavidin bond renders surfaces functionalized using this strategy permanently modified and not amenable to regeneration strategies that could increase assay reusability and throughput. To increase the utility of biotinylated targets, we here introduce a method for reversibly immobilizing biotinylated thrombin-binding aptamers onto a Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) sensor chip using 6xHis-tagged streptavidin as a regenerable capture ligand. This approach enabled the reproducible immobilization of aptamers and measurements of aptamer-protein interaction in a surface plasmon resonance assay. The immobilized aptamer surface was stable during five experiments over two days, despite the reversible attachment of 6xHis-streptavidin to the Ni-NTA surface. In addition, we demonstrate the reproducibility of this immobilization method and the affinity assays performed using it. Finally, we verify the specificity of the biotin tag-streptavidin interaction and assess the efficiency of a straightforward method to regenerate and reuse the surface. The method described here will allow researchers to leverage the versatility and stability of the biotin-streptavidin interaction while increasing throughput and improving assay efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca J. Whelan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
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6
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Sahraneshin Samani S, Sameiyan E, Tabatabaei Yazdi F, Mortazavi SA, Alibolandi M, Ramezani M, Taghdisi SM, Abnous K. Sandwich-type aptamer-based biosensors for thrombin detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1985-2001. [PMID: 38502201 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02196c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Thrombin, a proteolytic enzyme, plays an essential role in catalyzing many blood clotting reactions. Thrombin can act as a marker for some blood-related diseases, such as leukemia, thrombosis, Alzheimer's disease and liver disease. Therefore, its diagnosis is of great importance in the fields of biological and medical research. Biosensors containing sandwich-type structures have attracted much consideration owing to their superior features such as reproducible and stable responses with easy improvement in the sensitivity of detection. Sandwich-type platforms can be designed using a pair of receptors that are able to bind to diverse locations of the same target. Herein, we investigate recent advances in the progress and applications of thrombin aptasensors containing a sandwich-type structure, in which two thrombin-binding aptamers (TBAs) identify different parts of the thrombin molecule, leading to the formation of a sandwich structure and ultimately signal detection. We also discuss the pros and cons of these approaches and outline the most logical approach in each section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Sahraneshin Samani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Sameiyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farideh Tabatabaei Yazdi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sayed Ali Mortazavi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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7
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Mruthunjaya AKV, Torriero AAJ. Electrochemical Monitoring in Anticoagulation Therapy. Molecules 2024; 29:1453. [PMID: 38611733 PMCID: PMC11012951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of blood coagulation, wherein circulating blood transforms into a clot in response to an internal or external injury, is a critical physiological mechanism. Monitoring this coagulation process is vital to ensure that blood clotting neither occurs too rapidly nor too slowly. Anticoagulants, a category of medications designed to prevent and treat blood clots, require meticulous monitoring to optimise dosage, enhance clinical outcomes, and minimise adverse effects. This review article delves into the various stages of blood coagulation, explores commonly used anticoagulants and their targets within the coagulation enzyme system, and emphasises the electrochemical methods employed in anticoagulant testing. Electrochemical sensors for anticoagulant monitoring are categorised into two types. The first type focuses on assays measuring thrombin activity via electrochemical techniques. The second type involves modified electrode surfaces that either directly measure the redox behaviours of anticoagulants or monitor the responses of standard redox probes in the presence of these drugs. This review comprehensively lists different electrode compositions and their detection and quantification limits. Additionally, it discusses the potential of employing a universal calibration plot to replace individual drug-specific calibrations. The presented insights are anticipated to significantly contribute to the sensor community's efforts in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angel A. J. Torriero
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood 3125, Australia
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8
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Halmagyi TG, Alsharif NB, Berkal MA, Hempenius MA, Szilagyi I, Vancso GJ, Nardin C. Aptamer Clicked Poly(ferrocenylsilanes) at Au Nanoparticles as Platforms with Multiple Function [†]. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303979. [PMID: 38206093 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Aptamers are widely used in biosensing due to their specific sensitivity toward many targets. Thus, gold nanoparticle (AuNP) aptasensors are subject to intense research due to the complementary properties of aptamers as sensing elements and AuNPs as transducers. We present herein a novel method for the functional coupling of thrombin-specific aptamers to AuNPs via an anionic, redox-active poly(ferrocenylsilane) (PFS) polyelectroyte. The polymer acts as a co-reductant and stabilizer for the AuNPs, provides grafting sites for the aptamer, and can be used as a redox sensing element, making the aptamer-PFS-AuNP composite (aptamer-AuNP) a promising model system for future multifunctional sensors. The aptamer-AuNPs exhibit excellent colloidal stability in high ionic strength environments owing to the combined electrosteric stabilizing effects of the aptamer and the PFS. The synthesis of each assembly element is described, and the colloidal stability and redox responsiveness are studied. As an example to illustrate applications, we present results for thrombin sensitivity and specificity using the specific aptamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor G Halmagyi
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour F-, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Nizar B Alsharif
- MTA-SZTE Momentum Biocolloids Research Group, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Interdisciplinary Research Center, University of Szeged H-, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mohamed A Berkal
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour F-, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Mark A Hempenius
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, University of Twente NL-, 7522NB, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Istvan Szilagyi
- MTA-SZTE Momentum Biocolloids Research Group, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Interdisciplinary Research Center, University of Szeged H-, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - G Julius Vancso
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, University of Twente NL-, 7522NB, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Corinne Nardin
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour F-, 64053, Pau, France
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9
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Park KS, Park TI, Lee JE, Hwang SY, Choi A, Pack SP. Aptamers and Nanobodies as New Bioprobes for SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic and Therapeutic System Applications. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:146. [PMID: 38534253 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The global challenges posed by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic have underscored the critical importance of innovative and efficient control systems for addressing future pandemics. The most effective way to control the pandemic is to rapidly suppress the spread of the virus through early detection using a rapid, accurate, and easy-to-use diagnostic platform. In biosensors that use bioprobes, the binding affinity of molecular recognition elements (MREs) is the primary factor determining the dynamic range of the sensing platform. Furthermore, the sensitivity relies mainly on bioprobe quality with sufficient functionality. This comprehensive review investigates aptamers and nanobodies recently developed as advanced MREs for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic and therapeutic applications. These bioprobes might be integrated into organic bioelectronic materials and devices, with promising enhanced sensitivity and specificity. This review offers valuable insights into advancing biosensing technologies for infectious disease diagnosis and treatment using aptamers and nanobodies as new bioprobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Sung Park
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-In Park
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Choi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Pil Pack
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
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10
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Zhu F, Zhao Q. CRISPR/Cas12a linked sandwich aptamer assay for sensitive detection of thrombin. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1287:342106. [PMID: 38182384 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombin is a serine protease and hemostasis regulator with multiple functions and recognized as an important biomarker for diseases, and sensitive detection of thrombin is of significance for clinical diagnostics and disease monitoring. Recently, the target-triggered nonspecific single-stranded deoxyribonuclease activity of CRISPR/Cas system is discovered, making it become a powerful tool in assay developments due to the ease of signal amplification. In the short period of development, many CRISPR based nucleic acid detection methods have already played a critical role in clinical diagnostics. However, the application of CRISPR/Cas system for protein biomarkers remains limited. RESULTS Here we describe a CRISPR/Cas12a linked sandwich aptamer assay for detection of thrombin, which was based on the formation of a sandwich complex of target by using a capture aptamer or antibody coated on the microplate and a well-designed detection DNA strand. The detection DNA strand contained an anti-thrombin aptamer and an active DNA of Cas12a, thus the sandwich complex was labeled with the active DNA. The active DNA triggered activity of Cas12a in indiscriminately cleaving fluorophore and quencher labeled DNA reporters, causing significant fluorescence increase. Our method enabled sensitive detection of thrombin down to 10 pM, and it showed high selectivity for thrombin. The assay exhibited good performance in diluted serum samples, demonstrating the applicability for thrombin analysis in the real media. SIGNIFICANCE This assay combines the merits of high affinity of aptamer, trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a, high selectivity of sandwich format analysis, and high-throughput detection of microplate assay, and it shows promise in applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
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11
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Cao T, Li S, Wang X, Sun Y, Luo C. A novel target-triggered signal chemiluminescence kit for thrombin detection based on fusiform Au/MIL-53(Fe). Talanta 2024; 267:125144. [PMID: 37699268 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a fusiform Au/MIL-53(Fe) catalyst was used to construct a chemiluminescence (CL) kit for the sensitive and rapid detection of thrombin (THR). The porous silica microspheres encapsulated with luminol in holes by thrombin aptamer (THR-APT/Luminol/SPSiO2) and the fusiform Au/MIL-53(Fe) modified with thrombin aptamer complementary chains (Au/MIL-53(Fe)-SSDNA) were prepared. Then, a CL kit for THR detection was constructed by using the prepared composites. When thrombin is added to the reaction system, it binds to its aptamer (THR-APT) to open the holes of SPSiO2, which cause luminol and Au/MIL-53(Fe) release. Released luminol enters the detection system and triggers the reaction of luminol-H2O2-NaOH with the catalyst of Au/MIL-53(Fe), and produces a CL signal. The detection limit and the linear range of the kit were 4.7 × 10-15 M and 1.5 × 10-14 - 3.5 × 10-10 M, respectively. The CL kit also showed high stability, selectivity and reproducibility, and was successfully applied to the determination of THR in serum samples. Therefore, the proposed method for detecting THR has great application potential in the diagnosis of blood-related disease markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Shurui Li
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Yuanling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
| | - Chuannan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
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12
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Martin DR, Mutombwera AT, Madiehe AM, Onani MO, Meyer M, Cloete R. Molecular modeling and simulation studies of SELEX-derived high-affinity DNA aptamers to the Ebola virus nucleoprotein. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38217874 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2302922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Ebola viral disease (EVD) is a highly infectious and potentially fatal illness with a case fatality rate ranging from 25% to 90%. To effectively control its spread, there is a need for rapid, reliable and lowcost point-of-care (P OC) diagnostic tests. While various EVD diagnostic tests exist, few are P OC tests, and many are not cost-effective. The use of antibodies in these tests has limitations, prompting the exploration of aptamers as potential alternatives. Various proteins from the Ebola virus (EBOV) proteome, including EBOV nucleoprotein (NP), are considered viable targets for diagnostic assays. A previous study identified three aptamers (Apt1. Apt2 and Apt3) with high affinity for EBOV NP using systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). This study aimed to employ in silico methods, such as Phyre2, RNAfold, RNAComposer, HADDOCK and GROMACS, to model the structures of EBOV NP and the aptamers, and to investigate their binding. The in silico analysis revealed successful binding of all the three aptamers to EBOV NP, with a suggested ranking of Apt1 > Apt2 > Apt3 based on binding affinity. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) analysis confirmed the binding, providing dissociation constants of 25 ± 2.84, 56 ± 2.76 and 140 ±3.69 nM for Apt1, Apt2 and Apt3, respectively. The study shows that the findings of the in silico analysis was in agreement with the MST analysis. Inclusion of these in silico approaches in diagnostic assay development can expedite the selection of candidate aptamers, potentially overcoming challenges associated with aptamer application in diagnostics.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Martin
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A T Mutombwera
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - A M Madiehe
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - M O Onani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - M Meyer
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - R Cloete
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa Cape Town, South Africa
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13
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Chamorro A, Rossetti M, Bagheri N, Porchetta A. Rationally Designed DNA-Based Scaffolds and Switching Probes for Protein Sensing. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 187:71-106. [PMID: 38273204 DOI: 10.1007/10_2023_235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The detection of a protein analyte and use of this type of information for disease diagnosis and physiological monitoring requires methods with high sensitivity and specificity that have to be also easy to use, rapid and, ideally, single step. In the last 10 years, a number of DNA-based sensing methods and sensors have been developed in order to achieve quantitative readout of protein biomarkers. Inspired by the speed, specificity, and versatility of naturally occurring chemosensors based on structure-switching biomolecules, significant efforts have been done to reproduce these mechanisms into the fabrication of artificial biosensors for protein detection. As an alternative, in scaffold DNA biosensors, different recognition elements (e.g., peptides, proteins, small molecules, and antibodies) can be conjugated to the DNA scaffold with high accuracy and precision in order to specifically interact with the target protein with high affinity and specificity. They have several advantages and potential, especially because the transduction signal can be drastically enhanced. Our aim here is to provide an overview of the best examples of structure switching-based and scaffold DNA sensors, as well as to introduce the reader to the rational design of innovative sensing mechanisms and strategies based on programmable functional DNA systems for protein detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marianna Rossetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Neda Bagheri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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14
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Riccardi C, Pérez de Carvasal K, Platella C, Meyer A, Smietana M, Morvan F, Montesarchio D. Probing naphthalene diimide and 3-hydroxypropylphosphate as end-conjugating moieties for improved thrombin binding aptamers: Structural and biological effects. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106917. [PMID: 37865055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The limitations associated with the in vivo use of the thrombin binding aptamer (TBA or TBA15) have dramatically stimulated the search of suitable chemically modified analogues in order to discover effective and reversible inhibitors of thrombin activity. In this context, we previously proposed cyclic and pseudo-cyclic TBA analogues with improved stability that proved to be more active than the parent aptamer. Herein, we have investigated a novel library of TBA derivatives carrying naphthalene diimide (NDI) moieties at the 3'- or 5'-end. In a subset of the investigated oligonucleotides, additional 3-hydroxypropylphosphate (HPP) groups were introduced at one or both ends of the TBA sequence. Evaluation of the G-quadruplex thermal stability, serum nuclease resistance and in vitro anticoagulant activity of the new TBA analogues allowed rationalizing the effect of these appendages on the activity of the aptamer on the basis of their relative position. Notably, most of the different TBA analogues tested were more potent thrombin inhibitors than unmodified TBA. Particularly, the analogue carrying an NDI group at the 5'-end and an HPP group at the 3'-end, named N-TBA-p, exhibited enhanced G-quadruplex thermal stability (ΔTm + 14° C) and ca. 10-fold improved nuclease resistance in serum compared to the native aptamer. N-TBA-p also induced prolonged and dose-dependent clotting times, showing a ca. 11-fold higher anticoagulant activity compared to unmodified TBA, as determined by spectroscopic methods. Overall, N-TBA-p proved to be in vitro a more efficient thrombin inhibitor than all the best ones previously investigated in our group. Its interesting features, associated with its easy preparation, make it a very promising candidate for future in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Kévan Pérez de Carvasal
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Chiara Platella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Albert Meyer
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Smietana
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - François Morvan
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France.
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy.
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15
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Abdeeva IA, Maloshenok LG, Pogorelko GV, Bruskin SA. Using an RNA Aptamer to Inhibit the Action of Effector Proteins of Plant Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16604. [PMID: 38068927 PMCID: PMC10705891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In previous work, we experimentally demonstrated the possibility of using RNA aptamers to inhibit endogenous protein expression and their function within plant cells In the current work, we show that our proposed method is suitable for inhibiting the functions of exogenous, foreign proteins delivered into the plant via various mechanisms, including pathogen proteins. Stringent experimentation produced robust RNA aptamers that are able to bind to the recombinant HopU1 effector protein of P. syringae bacteria. This research uses genetic engineering methods to constitutively express/transcribe HopU1 RNA aptamers in transgenic A. thaliana. Our findings support the hypothesis that HopU1 aptamers can actively interfere with the function of the HopU1 protein and thereby increase resistance to phytopathogens of the genus P. syringae pv. tomato DC 3000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna A. Abdeeva
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Str. 3, 119333 Moscow, Russia (S.A.B.)
| | - Liliya G. Maloshenok
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Str. 3, 119333 Moscow, Russia (S.A.B.)
| | - Gennady V. Pogorelko
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Str. 3, 119333 Moscow, Russia (S.A.B.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Sergey A. Bruskin
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Str. 3, 119333 Moscow, Russia (S.A.B.)
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16
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Ji C, Wei J, Zhang L, Hou X, Tan J, Yuan Q, Tan W. Aptamer-Protein Interactions: From Regulation to Biomolecular Detection. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12471-12506. [PMID: 37931070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Serving as the basis of cell life, interactions between nucleic acids and proteins play essential roles in fundamental cellular processes. Aptamers are unique single-stranded oligonucleotides generated by in vitro evolution methods, possessing the ability to interact with proteins specifically. Altering the structure of aptamers will largely modulate their interactions with proteins and further affect related cellular behaviors. Recently, with the in-depth research of aptamer-protein interactions, the analytical assays based on their interactions have been widely developed and become a powerful tool for biomolecular detection. There are some insightful reviews on aptamers applied in protein detection, while few systematic discussions are from the perspective of regulating aptamer-protein interactions. Herein, we comprehensively introduce the methods for regulating aptamer-protein interactions and elaborate on the detection techniques for analyzing aptamer-protein interactions. Additionally, this review provides a broad summary of analytical assays based on the regulation of aptamer-protein interactions for detecting biomolecules. Finally, we present our perspectives regarding the opportunities and challenges of analytical assays for biological analysis, aiming to provide guidance for disease mechanism research and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailing Ji
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Junyuan Wei
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xinru Hou
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jie Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
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17
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Yu H, Zhao Q. Profiling Additional Effects of Aptamer Fluorophore Modification on Microscale Thermophoresis Characterization of Aptamer-Target Binding. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17011-17019. [PMID: 37946406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are promising affinity ligands with considerable applications, such as biosensors, disease diagnosis, therapy, etc. Characterization of aptamer-target binding is important in aptamer selection and aptamer applications. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) is an emerging optical technique for molecular interactions, which monitors fluorescence responses of fluorescent molecules in a microscopic temperature gradient. Harnessing merits in trace sample consumption, high speed, free separation, free immobilization, and ratiometric analysis, MST draws intense wide attention. MST is often applied for aptamer-target binding studies using fluorescently labeled aptamers. However, the MST signal is strongly dependent on fluorophore modifications at aptamers, which brings additional challenges and effects for MST analyzing aptamer affinity. Here, we systematically explored effects of fluorophore modifications (e.g., fluorophore types, fluorophore positions, etc.) of aptamer probes on MST characterizing aptamer-target interactions and identified gaps of MST analysis in aptamer affinity determination, taking aptamers against cadmium ions and aflatoxin B1 as two representatives. The same aptamers with different fluorophore modifications showed distinct MST signals in response magnitudes and signs as well as determined affinities, and some of them failed to respond to target binding and gave false affinity information in MST. A competitive MST method can be used to extract the affinity of unmodified aptamers, excluding effects of fluorophore modification. This work highlights that appropriate fluorophore modification is crucial in MST analysis of aptamer affinity, and caution is needed in MST applications, providing a basis for rational design of the MST method for the reliable molecular interaction study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
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18
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Johnson RE, Murray MT, Bycraft LJ, Myler P, Wetmore SD, Manderville RA. Harnessing a 4-Formyl-Aniline Handle to Tune the Stability of a DNA Aptamer-Protein Complex via Fluorescent Surrogates. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:2066-2076. [PMID: 37857354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between DNA aptamers and protein targets hold promise for the development of pharmaceuticals and diagnostics. As such, the utilization of fluorescent nucleobase surrogates in studying aptamer-protein interactions is a powerful tool due to their ability to provide site-specific information through turn-on fluorescence. Unfortunately, previously described turn-on probes serving as nucleobase replacements have only been strongly disruptive to the affinity of aptamer-protein interactions. Herein, we present a modified TBA15 aptamer for thrombin containing a fluorescent surrogate that provides site-specific turn-on emission with low nanomolar affinity. The modification, referred to as AnBtz, was substituted at position T3 and provided strong turn-on emission (Irel ≈ 4) and brightness (ε·Φ > 20 000 cm-1 M-1) with an apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 15 nM to afford a limit of detection (LOD) of 10 nM for thrombin in 20% human serum. The probe was selected through a modular "on-strand" synthesis process that utilized a 4-formyl-aniline (4FA) handle. Using this platform, we were able to enhance the affinity of the final aptamer conjugate by ∼30-fold in comparison with the initial conjugate design. Molecular dynamics simulations provide insight into the structural basis for this phenomenon and highlight the importance of targeting hydrophobic protein binding sites with fluorescent nucleobase surrogates to create new contacts with protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Johnson
- Departments of Chemistry & Toxicology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Makay T Murray
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Lucas J Bycraft
- Departments of Chemistry & Toxicology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Peter Myler
- Departments of Chemistry & Toxicology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Stacey D Wetmore
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Richard A Manderville
- Departments of Chemistry & Toxicology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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19
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Myres GJ, Kitt JP, Harris JM. Raman Scattering Reveals Ion-Dependent G-Quadruplex Formation in the 15-mer Thrombin-Binding Aptamer upon Association with α-Thrombin. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16160-16168. [PMID: 37870982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of DNA aptamers that bind biomolecular targets has enabled significant innovations in biosensing. Aptamers form secondary structures that exhibit selective high-affinity interactions with their binding partners. The binding of its target by an aptamer is often accompanied by conformational changes, and sensing by aptamers often relies on these changes to provide readout signals from extrinsic labels to detect target association. Many biosensing applications involve aptamers immobilized to surfaces, but methods to characterize conformations of immobilized aptamers and their in situ response have been lacking. To address this challenge, we have developed a structurally informative Raman spectroscopy method to determine conformations of the 15-mer thrombin-binding aptamer (TBA) immobilized on porous silica surfaces. The TBA is of interest because its binding of α-thrombin depends on the aptamer forming an antiparallel G-quadruplex, which is thought to drive signal changes that allow thrombin-binding to be detected. However, specific metal cations also stabilize the G-quadruplex conformation of the aptamer, even in the absence of its protein target. To develop a deeper understanding of the conformational response of the TBA, we utilize Raman spectroscopy to quantify the effects of the metal cations, K+ (stabilizing) and Li+ (nonstabilizing), on G-quadruplex versus unfolded populations of the TBA. In K+ or Li+ solutions, we then detect the association of α-thrombin with the immobilized aptamer, which can be observed in Raman scattering from the bound protein. The results show that the association of α-thrombin in K+ solutions produces no detectable change in aptamer conformation, which is found in the G-quadruplex form both before and after binding its target. In Li+ solutions, however, where the TBA is unfolded prior to α-thrombin association, protein binding occurs with the formation of a G-quadruplex by the aptamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant J Myres
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
| | - Jay P Kitt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
| | - Joel M Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
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20
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Yang H, Ledesma-Amaro R, Gao H, Ren Y, Deng R. CRISPR-based biosensors for pathogenic biosafety. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 228:115189. [PMID: 36893718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic biosafety is a worldwide concern. Tools for analyzing pathogenic biosafety, that are precise, rapid and field-deployable, are highly demanded. Recently developed biotechnological tools, especially those utilizing CRISPR/Cas systems which can couple with nanotechnologies, have enormous potential to achieve point-of-care (POC) testing for pathogen infection. In this review, we first introduce the working principle of class II CRISPR/Cas system for detecting nucleic acid and non-nucleic acid biomarkers, and highlight the molecular assays that leverage CRISPR technologies for POC detection. We summarize the application of CRISPR tools in detecting pathogens, including pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites and their variants, and highlight the profiling of pathogens' genotypes or phenotypes, such as the viability, and drug-resistance. In addition, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of CRISPR-based biosensors in pathogenic biosafety analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Hong Gao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yao Ren
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Ruijie Deng
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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21
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Dong Y, Dong W, Liang X, Wang YR, Xu F, Li L, Han L, Jiang LR. Construction and application of thrombin-activated fluorescence-SERS dual-mode optical nanoprobes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122513. [PMID: 36812752 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Thrombin (TB) plays a key role in the pathological and physiological coagulation of diseases. In this work, a TB-activated fluorescence-surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) dual-mode optical nanoprobe (MRAu) was constructed by linking rhodamine B (RB)-modified magnetic fluorescent nanospheres with AuNPs through TB-specific recognition peptides. In the presence of TB, the polypeptide substrate could specifically be cleaved by TB, resulting in the weakening of SERS hotspot effect and the reduction of Raman signal. Meanwhile, the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system was destroyed, and the RB fluorescence signal originally quenched by AuNPs was recovered. Using MRAu, SERS and fluorescence methods were combined to extend the TB detection range to 1-150 pM, and the detection limit was as low as 0.35 pM. In addition, the ability to detect TB in human serum also verified the effectiveness and practicality of the nanoprobe. The probe was also successfully employed to evaluate the inhibitory effect against TB of active components in Panax notoginseng. This study provides a new technical means for the diagnosis and drug development of abnormal TB-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Wei Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Xin Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China.
| | - Yuan-Rui Wang
- Qiqihar Center for Food and Drug Control, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Li Li
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Lu Han
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Li-Rui Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
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22
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Little HA, Ali A, Carter JG, Hicks MR, Dafforn TR, Tucker JHR. A plug-and-play aptamer diagnostic platform based on linear dichroism spectroscopy. Front Chem 2023; 11:1040873. [PMID: 37228864 PMCID: PMC10203435 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A plug-and-play sandwich assay platform for the aptamer-based detection of molecular targets using linear dichroism (LD) spectroscopy as a read-out method has been demonstrated. A 21-mer DNA strand comprising the plug-and-play linker was bioconjugated onto the backbone of the filamentous bacteriophage M13, which gives a strong LD signal due to its ready alignment in linear flow. Extended DNA strands containing aptamer sequences that bind the protein thrombin, TBA and HD22, were then bound to the plug-and-play linker strand via complementary base pairing to generate aptamer-functionalised M13 bacteriophages. The secondary structure of the extended aptameric sequences required to bind to thrombin was checked using circular dichroism spectroscopy, with the binding confirmed using fluorescence anisotropy measurements. LD studies revealed that this sandwich sensor design is very effective at detecting thrombin down to pM levels, indicating the potential of this plug-and-play assay system as a new label-free homogenous detection system based on aptamer recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haydn A. Little
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Aysha Ali
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jake G. Carter
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Timothy R. Dafforn
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - James H. R. Tucker
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Mukherjee S, Perveen S, Negi A, Sharma R. Evolution of tuberculosis diagnostics: From molecular strategies to nanodiagnostics. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2023; 140:102340. [PMID: 37031646 PMCID: PMC10072981 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2023.102340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis has remained a global concern for public health affecting the lives of people for ages. Approximately 10 million people are affected by the disease and 1.5 million succumb to the disease worldwide annually. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the role of early diagnosis to win the battle against such infectious diseases. Thus, advancement in the diagnostic approaches to provide early detection forms the foundation to eradicate and manage contagious diseases like tuberculosis. The conventional diagnostic strategies include microscopic examination, chest X-ray and tuberculin skin test. The limitations associated with sensitivity and specificity of these tests demands for exploring new techniques like probe-based assays, CRISPR-Cas and microRNA detection. The aim of the current review is to envisage the correlation between both the conventional and the newer approaches to enhance the specificity and sensitivity. A significant emphasis has been placed upon nanodiagnostic approaches manipulating quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, and biosensors for accurate diagnosis of latent, active and drug-resistant TB. Additionally, we would like to ponder upon a reliable method that is cost-effective, reproducible, require minimal infrastructure and provide point-of-care to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Summaya Perveen
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anjali Negi
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rashmi Sharma
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Dillen A, Scarpellini C, Daenen W, Driesen S, Zijlstra P, Lammertyn J. Integrated Signal Amplification on a Fiber Optic SPR Sensor Using Duplexed Aptamers. ACS Sens 2023; 8:811-821. [PMID: 36734337 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the past decades, fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (FO-SPR)-based biosensors have proven to be powerful tools for both the characterization of biomolecular interactions and target detection. However, as FO-SPR signals are generally related to the mass that binds to the sensor surface, multistep processes and external reagents are often required to obtain significant signals for low molecular weight targets. This increases the time, cost, and complexity of the respective bioassays and hinders continuous measurements. To overcome these requirements, in this work, cis-duplexed aptamers (DAs) were implemented on FO-SPR sensors, which underwent a conformational change upon target binding. This induced a spatial redistribution of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) upon specific target binding and resulted in an amplified and concentration-dependent signal. Importantly, the AuNPs were covalently conjugated to the sensor, so the principle does not rely on multistep processes or external reagents. To implement this concept, first, the thickness of the gold fiber coating was adapted to match the resonance conditions of the surface plasmons present on the FO-SPR sensors with those on the AuNPs. As a result, the signal obtained due to the spatial redistribution of the AuNPs was amplified by a factor of 3 compared to the most commonly used thickness. Subsequently, the cis-DAs were successfully implemented on the FO-SPR sensors, and it was demonstrated that the DA-based FO-SPR sensors could specifically and quantitatively detect an ssDNA target with a detection limit of 230 nM. Furthermore, the redistribution of the AuNPs was proven to be reversible, which is an important prerequisite for continuous measurements. Altogether, the established DA-based FO-SPR bioassay holds much promise for the detection of low molecular weight targets in the future and opens up possibilities for FO-SPR-based continuous biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Dillen
- Department of Biosystems─Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, 3001Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claudia Scarpellini
- Department of Biosystems─Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, 3001Leuven, Belgium
| | - Woud Daenen
- Department of Biosystems─Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, 3001Leuven, Belgium
| | - Seppe Driesen
- Department of Biosystems─Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, 3001Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Zijlstra
- Department of Applied Physics─Molecular Plasmonics, Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70, 5612 APEindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- Department of Biosystems─Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, 3001Leuven, Belgium
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Using CIVT-SELEX to Select Aptamers as Genetic Parts to Regulate Gene Circuits in a Cell-Free System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032833. [PMID: 36769156 PMCID: PMC9917220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of genetic circuits has not seen a significant increase over the last decades, even with the rapid development of synthetic biology tools. One of the bottlenecks is the limited number of orthogonal transcription factor-operator pairs. Researchers have tried to use aptamer-ligand pairs as genetic parts to regulate transcription. However, most aptamers selected using traditional methods cannot be directly applied in gene circuits for transcriptional regulation. To that end, we report a new method called CIVT-SELEX to select DNA aptamers that can not only bind to macromolecule ligands but also undergo significant conformational changes, thus affecting transcription. The single-stranded DNA library with affinity to our example ligand human thrombin protein is first selected and enriched. Then, these ssDNAs are inserted into a genetic circuit and tested in the in vitro transcription screening to obtain the ones with significant inhibitory effects on downstream gene transcription when thrombins are present. These aptamer-thrombin pairs can inhibit the transcription of downstream genes, demonstrating the feasibility and robustness of their use as genetic parts in both linear DNAs and plasmids. We believe that this method can be applied to select aptamers of any target ligands and vastly expand the genetic part library for transcriptional regulation.
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Abstract
The concentrations of specific macromolecular species can be quantified using diagnostic tools that rely on molecular recognition by nucleic acid aptamers. One such approach involves the formation of osmium tetroxide 2,2'-bipyridine protein adducts, followed by electrochemical detection of analytes that bind specifically to electrode-tethered aptamers. In conjunction with a 27-mer DNA aptamer that binds specifically to exosite II on human alpha thrombin, this technique permits, in theory, a highly sensitive diagnostic tool for the quantification of serum thrombin levels. However, thrombin's aptamer binding site is lined by two tryptophan residues and the conjugation of bulky osmium groups to these residues weakens aptamer binding by an estimated 4 to 12 kcal/mol, undermining detection sensitivity. Therefore, we have rationally modified this DNA aptamer to strengthen its thrombin binding in the presence of conjugated osmium. Specifically, aptamers carrying long hydrophobic thymine derivatives in place of guanine 21 have binding affinities for osmium-conjugated thrombin that are enhanced by 10 to 15 kcal/mol, suggesting that these modified aptamers may be effective in a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for the quantification of low concentrations of thrombin. Our approach of using molecular simulation to subtly re-engineer a DNA aptamer may be generally applicable for the optimization of other macromolecular binding interfaces.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loan Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Alan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
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Upasham S, Pali M, Jagannath B, Lin KC, Prasad S. Electrochemical Aptasensing for Lifestyle and Chronic Disease Management. Curr Med Chem 2023; 30:895-909. [PMID: 35619314 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220520111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, researchers have investigated electrochemical sensing for the purpose of fabricating wearable point-of-use platforms. These wearable platforms have the ability to non-invasively track biomarkers that are clinically relevant and provide a comprehensive evaluation of the user's health. Due to many significant operational advantages, aptamer-based sensing is gaining traction.Aptamer-based sensors have properties like long-term stability, resistance to denaturation, and high sensitivity. Using electrochemical sensing with aptamer-based biorecognition is advantageous because it provides significant benefits like lower detection limits, a wider range of operations, and, most importantly, the ability to detect using a label-free approach. This paper provides an outlook into the current state of electrochemical aptasensing. This review looks into the significance of the detection of biomarkers like glucose, cortisol etc., for the purpose of lifestyle and chronic disease monitoring. Moreover, this review will also provide a comprehensive evaluation of the current challenges and prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayali Upasham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas-75080, USA
| | - Madhavi Pali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas-75080, USA
| | - Badrinath Jagannath
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas-75080, USA
| | - Kai-Chun Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas-75080, USA
| | - Shalini Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas-75080, USA
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Zhu M, Xu F, Miao S, Xie C, Li H, Li S, Xia F. Incorporation of a Multi-Valent Aptamer into Electrochemical Biosensors to Achieve an Improved Performance for Thrombin Analysis in Blood Serum. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200325. [PMID: 36410784 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) biosensor usually has a long reaction time when detecting thrombin. This work reports the design of an E-AB biosensor with dual recognition sites to quickly detect thrombin. Specifically, two specific recognition sites of thrombin were used to design three aptamer sequences (TBA-15, TBA-29 and TBA-U), followed by fabrication of corresponding sensors. First, we tested these three types of biosensors in tris buffer solution, and found that the response time of the TBA-U sensor to the same concentration of thrombin was about 2 hours, which is shorter than TBA-15 and TBA-29 sensors. Then, we also did the same test in 50 % diluted serum with 500 nM thrombin. The response time of the TBA-U sensor was about 2 hours, which is still faster than the 3 hours of TBA-15 sensor and the 5.5 hours for TBA-29 sensor. In addition, in terms of dynamic range and specificity, TBA-U has good performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chongyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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Zhang P, Qin K, Lopez A, Li Z, Liu J. General Label-Free Fluorescent Aptamer Binding Assay Using Cationic Conjugated Polymers. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15456-15463. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ke Qin
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Anand Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zhengping Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Yunussova N, Sypabekova M, Zhumabekova Z, Matkarimov B, Kanayeva D. A Novel ssDNA Aptamer Targeting Carcinoembryonic Antigen: Selection and Characterization. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101540. [PMID: 36290442 PMCID: PMC9598387 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the major causes of a drastically shorter life expectancy and one of the most prevalent diseases in the world today is cancer. Given the data on the rise in cancer cases throughout the world, it is obvious that, despite the diagnostic techniques currently being used, there is a pressing need to develop precise and sensitive techniques for early diagnosis of the disease. A high degree of affinity and specificity towards particular targets is maintained by the short nucleic acid molecules known as aptamers. Aptamers outperform antibodies due to their unique benefits, such as their simplicity in synthesis and modification, lack of toxicity, and long-term stability. Utilizing an accurate recognition element and a robust signal transduction mechanism, molecular diagnostics can be extremely sensitive and specific. In this study, development of new single-stranded DNA aptamers against CEA for use in cancer diagnostics was accomplished using SELEX and NGS methods. As a result of 12 iterative SELEX rounds, nine aptamer candidates against CEA were developed. NGS comparative analysis revealed that round twelve had an enriched number of aptamers that were specifically bound, as opposed to round eight. Among the selected nine sequences characterized by bioinformatics analysis and ELONA, an aptamer sequence with the highest specificity and affinity for the target protein was identified and further examined. Aptamer sequence (6) was screened in a concentration-dependent assay, specificity analysis was performed, and its potential secondary and tertiary structures were predicted, which enabled us to test one of the possible putative interactions with CEA. Finally, aptamer sequence (6) labelled with a Cy5 fluorescent tag was used in confocal microscopy to observe its binding towards the CEA expressed in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigara Yunussova
- Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Marzhan Sypabekova
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhazira Zhumabekova
- M.Sc. Program in Biological Sciences, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakhyt Matkarimov
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Damira Kanayeva
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence:
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Biomimetic synthesis of protein-DNA-CaHPO 4 hybrid nanosheets for biosensing: Detection of thrombin as an example. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1225:340227. [PMID: 36038237 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Traditional strategies for coupling of proteins with DNA involve the additional modifications on protein or DNA to construct protein-DNA conjugates, resulting in complex or time-consuming coupling process. This study presented a biomimetic synthesis strategy to elaborately synthesize a new type of biomolecule-inorganic hybrid nanosheets. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and DNA aptamer can be easily combined with CaHPO4 via coprecipitation simultaneously to form all-inclusive HRP-aptamer-CaHPO4 hybrid (HAC) nanosheets integrating bifunction of biorecognition and signal amplification, which was proceeded in the green environment at room temperature and required no additional modifications on CaHPO4, protein and DNA. Therefore, it avoided tedious linking and purification procedures. The HAC nanosheets were then employed as the signal labels and showed excellent performance for detecting thrombin. This bioinspired approach provides great possibilities to facile and efficient immobilization of protein, DNA or even other types of biomolecules (e.g., RNA and peptide) on inorganic nanomaterials and endows great potential in the preparation of a variety of multifunctional biomolecule-CaHPO4 two-dimensional (2D) nanobiohybrids for various applications extending from biosensing to energy, biomedicine, environmental science and catalysis.
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Khandelwal G, Dahiya R. Self-Powered Active Sensing Based on Triboelectric Generators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200724. [PMID: 35445458 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The demand for portable and wearable chemical or biosensors and their expeditious development in recent years has created a scientific challenge in terms of their continuous powering. As a result, mechanical energy harvesters such as piezoelectric and triboelectric generators (TEGs) have been explored recently either as sensors or harvesters to store charge in small, but long-life, energy-storage devices to power the sensors. The use of energy harvesters as sensors is particularly interesting, as with such multifunctional operations it is possible to reduce the number devices needed in a system, which also helps overcome the integration complexities. In this regard, TEGs are promising, particularly for energy autonomous chemical and biological sensors, as they can be developed with a wide variety of materials, and their mechanical energy to electricity conversion can be modulated by various analytes. This review focuses on this interesting dimension of TEGs and presents various self-powered active chemical and biological sensors. A brief discussion about the development of TEG-based physical, magnetic, and optical sensors is also included. The influence of environmental factors, various figures of merit, and the significance of TEG design are explained in context with the active sensing. Finally, the key applications, challenges, and future perspective of chemical and biological detection via TEGs are discussed with a view to drive further advances in the field of self-powered sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Khandelwal
- Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt South Building, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ravinder Dahiya
- Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt South Building, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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Cruz-Hernández CD, Rodríguez-Martínez G, Cortés-Ramírez SA, Morales-Pacheco M, Cruz-Burgos M, Losada-García A, Reyes-Grajeda JP, González-Ramírez I, González-Covarrubias V, Camacho-Arroyo I, Cerbón M, Rodríguez-Dorantes M. Aptamers as Theragnostic Tools in Prostate Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081056. [PMID: 36008950 PMCID: PMC9406110 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite of the capacity that several drugs have for specific inhibition of the androgen receptor (AR), in most cases, PCa progresses to an androgen-independent stage. In this context, the development of new targeted therapies for prostate cancer (PCa) has remained as a challenge. To overcome this issue, new tools, based on nucleic acids technology, have been developed. Aptamers are small oligonucleotides with a three-dimensional structure capable of interacting with practically any desired target, even large targets such as mammalian cells or viruses. Recently, aptamers have been studied for treatment and detection of many diseases including cancer. In PCa, numerous works have reported their use in the development of new approaches in diagnostics and treatment strategies. Aptamers have been joined with drugs or other specific molecules such as silencing RNAs (aptamer–siRNA chimeras) to specifically reduce the expression of oncogenes in PCa cells. Even though these studies have shown good results in the early stages, more research is still needed to demonstrate the clinical value of aptamers in PCa. The aim of this review was to compile the existing scientific literature regarding the use of aptamers in PCa in both diagnosis and treatment studies. Since Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) aptamers are the most studied type of aptamers in this field, special emphasis was given to these aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos David Cruz-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (C.D.C.-H.); (G.R.-M.); (S.A.C.-R.); (M.M.-P.); (M.C.-B.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - Griselda Rodríguez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (C.D.C.-H.); (G.R.-M.); (S.A.C.-R.); (M.M.-P.); (M.C.-B.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - Sergio A. Cortés-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (C.D.C.-H.); (G.R.-M.); (S.A.C.-R.); (M.M.-P.); (M.C.-B.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - Miguel Morales-Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (C.D.C.-H.); (G.R.-M.); (S.A.C.-R.); (M.M.-P.); (M.C.-B.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - Marian Cruz-Burgos
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (C.D.C.-H.); (G.R.-M.); (S.A.C.-R.); (M.M.-P.); (M.C.-B.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - Alberto Losada-García
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (C.D.C.-H.); (G.R.-M.); (S.A.C.-R.); (M.M.-P.); (M.C.-B.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - Juan Pablo Reyes-Grajeda
- Laboratorio de Estructura de Proteínas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
| | - Imelda González-Ramírez
- Departamento de Atención a la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana–Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
| | | | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.C.-A.); (M.C.)
| | - Marco Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.C.-A.); (M.C.)
| | - Mauricio Rodríguez-Dorantes
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (C.D.C.-H.); (G.R.-M.); (S.A.C.-R.); (M.M.-P.); (M.C.-B.); (A.L.-G.)
- Correspondence:
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Mahjub R, Shayesteh OH, Derakhshandeh K, Ranjbar A, Mehri F, Heshmati A. A novel label-free colorimetric polyA aptasensing approach based on cationic polymer and silver nanoparticles for detection of tobramycin in milk. Food Chem 2022; 382:132580. [PMID: 35247665 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel colorimetric bioassay method was developed for the sensitive determination of tobramycin (TOB). To detect TOB, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were decorated with TOB-specific aptamers (apt), and positively charged poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) was used. As long as tobramycin is not present in the assay system, PDDA can coalesce with the aptamer, and AgNPs would remain stable (λmax = 400 nm) in the dispersed system against PDDA-induced aggregation. When TOB is added, aptamer can bind to the compound, which leads to release of PDDA and subsequent aggregation of AgNPs (λmax = 540 nm). This remarkable change, as a colorimetric analytics signal, can be used for quantitative analysis of TOB. TOB can be detected by this highly sensitive colorimetric aptasensor with a limit of detection (LOD) of 70 pM. Furthermore, TOB can be detected with the naked eye at concentrations above 1 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mahjub
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Omid Heydari Shayesteh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Katayoun Derakhshandeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Akram Ranjbar
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mehri
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Heshmati
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Yousef H, Liu Y, Zheng L. Nanomaterial-Based Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensors for the Detection of Thrombin. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040253. [PMID: 35448312 PMCID: PMC9025199 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Thrombin plays a central role in hemostasis and its imbalances in coagulation can lead to various pathologies. It is of clinical significance to develop a fast and accurate method for the quantitative detection of thrombin. Electrochemical aptasensors have the capability of combining the specific selectivity from aptamers with the extraordinary sensitivity from electrochemical techniques and thus have attracted considerable attention for the trace-level detection of thrombin. Nanomaterials and nanostructures can further enhance the performance of thrombin aptasensors to achieve high sensitivity, selectivity, and antifouling functions. In highlighting these material merits and their impacts on sensor performance, this paper reviews the most recent advances in label-free electrochemical aptasensors for thrombin detection, with an emphasis on nanomaterials and nanostructures utilized in sensor design and fabrication. The performance, advantages, and limitations of those aptasensors are summarized and compared according to their material structures and compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibba Yousef
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Lianxi Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
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Luo W, Ye Z, Song D, Ma P. A sensitive electrochemiluminescent sensor chip based on ssDNA-Ru (II) complex and aptamer for the determination of thrombin. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:980-986. [PMID: 35411721 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor chip for sensitive detection of thrombin (TB) was prepared using a screen-printed electrode (SPE) as a working electrode and an aptamer as a specific recognition moiety. To produce an ECL sensor chip, a layer of pL-Cys was immobilized on the surface of SPE by the cyclic voltammetry scanning method, a layer of AuNPs was assembled through an Au-S bond and hairpin DNA was further immobilized on the electrode surface. Ru (bpy)2 (mcpbpy)2+ , as a luminescent reagent, was covalently bound to ssDNA to prepare a luminescent probe ssDNA-Ru. The probe hybridized with TB aptamer to form a capture probe. In the presence of TB, the TB aptamer in the capture probe bound to TB, causing the release of ssDNA-Ru that could bind to hairpin DNA on the electrode surface. Ru (II) complex as a luminescent reagent was assembled onto the electrode, and pL-Cys was used as a co-reactant to. enhance the ECL efficiency. The ECL signal of the sensor chip generated based on the above principles had a linear relationship with log TB concentration at a range of 10 fM-1 nM, and the detection limit was 0.2 fM. Finally, TB detection by this method was verified using real blood samples. This work provides a new method using an aptamer as a foundation and SPE as a material for the detection of biological substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Luo
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, China.,School of Chemistry and Life Science, Anshan Normal University, Ping'an Street 43, Anshan, China
| | - Zhuoxin Ye
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, China
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, China
| | - Pinyi Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, China
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37
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Ghalkhani M, Sohouli E, Khaloo SS, Vaziri MH. Architecting of an aptasensor for the staphylococcus aureus analysis by modification of the screen-printed carbon electrode with aptamer/Ag-Cs-Gr QDs/NTiO 2. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133597. [PMID: 35031253 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Given the many issues bacterial infections cause to humans and the necessity for their detection, in this work we developed a robust aptasensor for prompt, ultrasensitive, and selective analysis of staphylococcus aureus bacterium (S. aureus). A nanocomposite of Ag nanoparticles, chitosan, graphene quantum dots, and nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (Ag-Cs-Gr QDs/NTiO2) was synthesized, and thoroughly characterized by XRD, FT-IR, and FE-SEM spectroscopic methods. The surface of screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with Ag-Cs-Gr QDs/NTiO2 nanocomposite was utilized as a compatible platform for aptamer attachment. The aptasensor accurately determined S. aureus in the dynamic range of 10-5 × 108 CFU/mL with detection limit of 3.3 CFU/mL. The monitoring of the practical performance of aptasensor in human serum samples revealed its superiority over the conventional methods (relative recovery of 96.25-103.33%). The Ag-Cs-Gr QDs/NTiO2-based aptasensor offers facile, biocompatibility, good repeatability, reproducibility (RSD = 3.66%), label free and stabile strategy for sensitive S. aureus analysis free from biomolecules interferences in actual specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Ghalkhani
- Electrochemical Sensors Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Lavizan, P.O. Box 1678815811, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Esmail Sohouli
- Electrochemical Sensors Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Lavizan, P.O. Box 1678815811, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Sadat Khaloo
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Health, Safety and Environment, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Vaziri
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Health, Safety and Environment, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Soukarié D, Rousseau P, Salhi M, de Caro A, Escudier JM, Tardin C, Ecochard V, Salomé L. Single-Molecule Sandwich Aptasensing on Nanoarrays by Tethered Particle Motion Analysis. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4319-4327. [PMID: 35226451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput single-molecule techniques are expected to challenge the demand for rapid, simple, and sensitive detection methods in health and environmental fields. Based on a single-DNA-molecule biochip for the parallelization of tethered particle motion analyses by videomicroscopy coupled to image analysis and its smart combination with aptamers, we successfully developed an aptasensor enabling the detection of single target molecules by a sandwich assay. One aptamer is grafted to the nanoparticles tethered to the surface by a long DNA molecule bearing the second aptamer in its middle. The detection and quantification of the target are direct. The recognition of the target by a pair of aptamers leads to a looped configuration of the DNA-particle complex associated with a restricted motion of the particles, which is monitored in real time. An analytical range extending over 3 orders of magnitude of target concentration with a limit of detection in the picomolar range was obtained for thrombin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Soukarié
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Rousseau
- Centre de Biologie Intégrative de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaires, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Maya Salhi
- Centre de Biologie Intégrative de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaires, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Alexia de Caro
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marc Escudier
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Tardin
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Ecochard
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Salomé
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
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Kim G, Cho H, Nandhakumar P, Park JK, Kim KS, Yang H. Wash-Free, Sandwich-Type Protein Detection Using Direct Electron Transfer and Catalytic Signal Amplification of Multiple Redox Labels. Anal Chem 2022; 94:2163-2171. [PMID: 35043633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct electron transfer (DET) between a redox label and an electrode has been used for sensitive and selective sandwich-type detection without a wash step. However, applying DET is still highly challenging in protein detection, and a single redox label per probe is insufficient to obtain a high electrochemical signal. Here, we report a wash-free, sandwich-type detection of thrombin using DET and catalytic signal amplification of multiple redox labels. The detection scheme is based on (i) the redox label-catalyzed oxidation of a reductant, (ii) the conjugation of multiple redox labels per probe using a poly-linker, (iii) the low nonspecific adsorption of the conjugated poly-linker due to uncharged, reduced redox labels, and (iv) a facile DET using long, flexible poly-linker and spacer DNA. Amine-reactive phenazine ethosulfate and NADH were used as the redox label and reductant, respectively. N3-terminated polylysine was used as the poly-linker for the conjugation between an aptamer probe and multiple redox labels. Approximately 11 redox labels per probe and rapid catalytic NADH oxidation enable high signal amplification. Thrombin in urine could be detected without a wash step with a detection limit of ∼50 pM, which is practically promising for point-of-care testing of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hyejin Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Ponnusamy Nandhakumar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Jin Kyoon Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Kwang-Sun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Haesik Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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40
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Devarakonda S, Ganapathysubramanian B, Shrotriya P. Impedance-Based Nanoporous Anodized Alumina/ITO Platforms for Label-Free Biosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:150-158. [PMID: 34937345 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental and computational approach for the fabrication and characterization of a highly sensitive and responsive label-free biosensor that does not require the presence of redox couples in electrolytes for sensitive electrochemical detection. The sensor is based on an aptamer-functionalized transparent electrode composed of nanoporous anodized alumina (NAA) grown on indium tin oxide (ITO)-covered glass. Electrochemical impedance changes in a thrombin binding aptamer (TBA)-functionalized NAA/ITO/glass electrode due to specific binding of α-thrombin are monitored for protein detection. The aptamer-functionalized electrode enables sensitive and specific thrombin protein detection with a detection limit of ∼10 pM and a high signal-to-noise ratio. The transient impedance of the alumina film-covered surface is computed using a computational electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) approach and compared to experimental observations to identify the dominant mechanisms underlying the sensor response. The computational and experimental results indicate that the sensing response is due to the modified ionic transport under the combined influence of steric hindrance and surface charge modification due to ligand/receptor binding between α-thrombin and the aptamer-covered alumina film. These results suggest that alumina film-covered electrodes utilize both steric and charge modulation for sensing, leading to tremendous improvement in the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. The film configuration is amenable for miniaturization and can be readily incorporated into existing portable sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Devarakonda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | | | - Pranav Shrotriya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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41
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Busschaert N, Maity D, Samanta PK, English NJ, Hamilton AD. Improving structural stability and anticoagulant activity of a thrombin binding aptamer by aromatic modifications. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100670. [PMID: 34985829 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The thrombin binding aptamer (TBA) is a 15-mer DNA oligonucleotide (5'-GGTTGGTGTGGTTGG-3'), that can form a stable intramolecular antiparallel chair-like G-quadruplex structure. This aptamer shows anticoagulant properties by interacting with one of the two anion binding sites of thrombin, namely the fibrinogen-recognition exosite. Here, we demonstrate that terminal modification of TBA with aromatic fragments such as coumarin, pyrene and perylene diimide (PDI), improves the G-quadruplex stability. The large aromatic surface of these dyes can π-π stack to the G-quadruplex or to each other, thereby stabilizing the aptamer. With respect to the original TBA, monoPDI-functionalized TBA exhibited the most remarkable improvement in melting temperature (ΔT m ≈ +18 °C) and displayed enhanced anticoagulant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Busschaert
- Tulane University, Department of Chemistry, 6400 Freret St, 70118, New Orleans, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Pralok K Samanta
- University College Dublin, School of Chemical and Bioprocess engineering, IRELAND
| | - Niall J English
- University College Dublin, School of chemical and Bioprocess engineering, IRELAND
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Hu C, Zhang J, Jin Y, Ma W, Zhou R, Du H, Yang P, Hou X, Cheng N, Chen J. Protein recognition-initiated exponential amplification reaction (PRIEAR) and its application in clinical diagnosis. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100548. [PMID: 34989090 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The isothermal exponential amplification technology have rarely been fabricated as the universal sensing platform for the detection of various proteins. To broaden its application, we here developed a strategy named protein recognition-initiated exponential amplification reaction (PRIEAR) using protein recognition to induce the DNA assembly which converts protein recognition events into ssDNA amplicons and combining two-stage amplification to achieve exponential amplification technology. Taking advantage of this principle, diverse biomarkers can be quantified at sub-picomolar concentrations in the homogenous manner, making the PRIEAR suitable for clinical practice. Therefore, this strategy can expand the powerful isothermal exponential amplification technology to protein targets and thus provide a new toolbox into the clinical and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjia Hu
- Sichuan University, West China hospital, CHINA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Sichuan University, West China hospital, CHINA
| | - Yanwen Jin
- Sichuan University, West China hospital, CHINA
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Sichuan University, West China hospital, CHINA
| | | | - Huan Du
- Sichuan University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Peng Yang
- Sichuan University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
| | | | | | - Junbo Chen
- Sichuan University, Analytical & Testing Centre, No.29 Wangjiang Road, 610064, Chengdu, CHINA
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43
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Guo K, Song Z, Wang G, Tang C. Detecting Redox Potentials Using Porous Boron Nitride/ATP-DNA Aptamer/Methylene Blue Biosensor to Monitor Microbial Activities. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13010083. [PMID: 35056248 PMCID: PMC8777636 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Microbial activity has gained attention because of its impact on the environment and the quality of people’s lives. Most of today’s methods, which include genome sequencing and electrochemistry, are costly and difficult to manage. Our group proposed a method using the redox potential change to detect microbial activity, which is rooted in the concept that metabolic activity can change the redox potential of a microbial community. The redox potential change was captured by a biosensor consisting of porous boron nitride, ATP-DNA aptamer, and methylene blue as the fluorophore. This assembly can switch on or off when there is a redox potential change, and this change leads to a fluorescence change that can be examined using a multipurpose microplate reader. The results show that this biosensor can detect microbial community changes when its composition is changed or toxic metals are ingested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- Correspondence: (K.G.); (C.T.)
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Dillen A, Lammertyn J. Paving the way towards continuous biosensing by implementing affinity-based nanoswitches on state-dependent readout platforms. Analyst 2022; 147:1006-1023. [DOI: 10.1039/d1an02308j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Combining affinity-based nanoswitches with state-dependent readout platforms allows for continuous biosensing and acquisition of real-time information about biochemical processes occurring in the environment of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Dillen
- KU Leuven, Department of Biosystems – Biosensors Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- KU Leuven, Department of Biosystems – Biosensors Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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Zhu BC, He J, Xia XY, Jiang J, Liu W, Liu LY, Liang BB, Yao HG, Ke Z, Xia W, Mao ZW. Solution structure of thrombin binding aptamer complex with a non-planar platinum(II) compound. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8371-8379. [PMID: 35919711 PMCID: PMC9297526 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01196d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombin Binding Aptamer (TBA) is a monomolecular well-defined two G-tetrads antiparallel G-quadruplex DNA that inhibits the activity of human α-thrombin. In this report, we synthesized a quasi-cross-shaped platinum(II) compound (L'2LPt)...
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Chen Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Juan He
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Zhongshan 528458 China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Wenting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Liu-Yi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Bing-Bing Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Hua-Gang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Zhongshan 528458 China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Wei Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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Yang C, Du C, Su R, Wang J, Li Y, Ma X, Li Z, Sun C. A signal-on fluorescent aptasensor by sensitized Tb 3+ luminescence for detection of melamine in milk. Talanta 2022; 236:122842. [PMID: 34635232 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent aptasensor based on sensitized terbium(III) luminescence was constructed to detect melamine in milk. Tb3+ as the fluorescence probe can be sensitized by a guanine-rich single-stranded DNA sequence, so the complementary sequence of the polythymidine aptamer (cDNA) was modified with six consecutive guanine bases (G6). In the absence of melamine, melamine aptamer combined with cDNA to form a double helix structure, and G6 hybridized with the extended cytosine bases in the aptamer, resulting in low fluorescence intensity of Tb3+. In the presence of melamine, cDNA was released due to the specific recognition of melamine to the aptamer, resulting in stronger sensitized fluorescence intensity of Tb3+. Under the optimum conditions, the linear concentration of melamine in the milk ranged from 1.0 μg/mL to 10.0 μg/mL. This aptasensor can be used for the accurate and rapid detection of melamine in milk with a detection limit of 0.02 μg/mL, and has the advantages of high sensitivity, high efficiency, simple operation and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu Yang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Caiyi Du
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Ruifang Su
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Junyang Wang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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48
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Dillen A, Mohrbacher A, Lammertyn J. A Versatile One-Step Competitive Fiber Optic Surface Plasmon Resonance Bioassay Enabled by DNA Nanotechnology. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3677-3684. [PMID: 34633181 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (FO-SPR)-based biosensors have emerged as powerful tools for biomarker detection due to their ability for real-time analysis of biomolecular interactions, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendliness. However, as (FO-)SPR signals are determined by the mass of the target molecules, the detection of low-molecular-weight targets remains challenging and currently requires tedious labeling and preparation steps. Therefore, in this work, we established a new concept for low-molecular-weight target detection by implementing duplexed aptamers on an FO-SPR sensor. In this manner, we enabled one-step competitive detection and could achieve significant signals, independent of the weight of the target molecules, without requiring labeling or preprocessing steps. This was demonstrated for the detection of a small molecule (ATP), protein (thrombin), and ssDNA target, thereby reaching detection limits of 72 μM, 36 nM, and 30 nM respectively and proving the generalizability of the proposed bioassay. Furthermore, target detection was successfully achieved in 10-fold diluted plasma, which demonstrated the applicability of the assay in biologically relevant matrices. Altogether, the developed one-step competitive FO-SPR bioassay opens up possibilities for the detection of low-molecular-weight targets in a fast and straightforward manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Dillen
- KU Leuven, Department of Biosystems − Biosensors Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Mohrbacher
- KU Leuven, Department of Biosystems − Biosensors Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- KU Leuven, Department of Biosystems − Biosensors Group, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, Leuven 3001, Belgium
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Li S, He B, Liang Y, Wang J, Jiao Q, Liu Y, Guo R, Wei M, Jin H. Sensitive electrochemical aptasensor for determination of sulfaquinoxaline based on AuPd NPs@UiO-66-NH 2/CoSe 2 and RecJf exonuclease-assisted signal amplification. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1182:338948. [PMID: 34602189 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The authors designed a sensitive label-free electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of sulfaquinoxaline (SQX), including the AuPd NPs@UiO-66-NH2/CoSe2 nanocomposites and RecJf exonuclease-assisted target recycle signal amplification strategy. AuPd NPs@UiO-66-NH2/CoSe2 nanocomposite with excellent conductivity and numerous active sites was successfully synthesized to provide a favorable sensing platform and load more double-strand DNA (dsDNA) on the electrode surface. The negatively charged phosphate group of the oligonucleotide and [Fe (CN)6] 3-/4- repel each other electrostatically, resulting in very low electrical signals. In the presence of SQX, its corresponding aptamer will be released from the double-stranded structure and then digested by RecJf exonuclease, which resulted in the SQX being released to initiate the next recycling to help amplify the DPV signal. Under the optimal conditions, the peak current has a linear relationship with the logarithmic of SQX concentration in the range of 1 pg/mL∼100 ng/mL and the obtained detection limit was 0.547 pg/mL. Furthermore, the contrasted aptasensor possess reliable specificity, reproducibility and stability toward SQX, and has been applied to detect SQX in pork samples with a satisfied recovery varied from 94.40% to 95.98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Baoshan He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Ying Liang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Jinshui Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Qiang Jiao
- Henan Province Food Inspection Research Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, PR China
| | - Yong Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, PR China
| | - Rui Guo
- Henan Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450047, PR China
| | - Min Wei
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Huali Jin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
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Liao L, Du S, Ding Y, Su M, Yu T, Duan T, Li Q, He S, Wang H, Liu H. Highly stable surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy assay on abnormal thrombin levels in the blood plasma of cancer patients. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:4328-4333. [PMID: 34477192 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01002f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The accurate discrimination of specific protein levels in the blood of cancer patients is of great importance in clinical diagnostics and prognosis. Here, we report a double-aptamer sandwich strategy on plasmonic magnetic beads (MBs) for a dual-reporter surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) assay for assessing abnormal thrombin (TB) levels in the blood plasma of cancer patients. This SERS assay demonstrated a linear analysis range of 20-400 pM in serum with a limit of detection as low as 20 pM, and to the best of our knowledge, this represents the first attempt to highly stably discriminate an abnormal TB level in the plasma of clinical cancer patients. Two recognition elements of TB aptamers provided high specificity and the dual-reporter assay demonstrated greatly reduced false-positive signals. The sandwich complex produced an efficient SERS "hot spot" to make up for the flaws of the insufficient enhancement of monomer metal nanoparticles. The plasmonic MBs enabled the direct tracking of ultratrace proteins in plasma while avoiding complicated pretreatment with only a few washing steps required. As a preliminary exploration, our report details a new potential tool with high sensitivity, selectivity, and practicality for disease-related protein testing in clinical diagnostics and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Liao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230039, China.
| | - Shanshan Du
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230039, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yan Ding
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Mengke Su
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ting Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Tingmei Duan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Qinghe Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Shengnan He
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230039, China.
| | - Hongyan Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Honglin Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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