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Haida M, El Khalloufi F, Tamegart L, Mugani R, Essadki Y, Redouane EM, Azevedo J, Araújo MJ, Campos A, Vasconcelos V, Gamrani H, Oudra B. Tracing the fate of microcystins from irrigation water to food chains: Studies with Fragaria vulgaris and Meriones shawi. Toxicon 2023; 236:107345. [PMID: 37963511 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are cyanobacterial toxins that can negatively impact human and animal health. This study investigated the bioaccumulation, transfer, depuration, and health risks of MCs in strawberry plants (Fragaria vulgaris) and Meriones shawi animals. The plants were irrigated with 1, 5, 10, and 20 μg/L MCs for 60 days (bioaccumulation phase) and then with clean water for 30 days (depuration phase). The harvested plants (roots and leaves) were then prepared in an aliquot form and used as feed for Meriones shawi. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) was used to measure MC concentrations in plant and animal tissues. The bioaccumulation of MCs was found to be highest in the roots, followed by leaves, fruits, liver, stomach, and fecal matter. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was highest in perlite (8.48), followed by roots (5.01), leaves (1.55), stomach (0.87), and fecal matter (1.18), indicating that the parts with high bioaccumulation factor had high translocation of MCs. The transfer of MCs to animal organs was low, and the daily toxin intake of adult consumers of strawberry fruit irrigated with 1, 5, 10, and 20 μg/L MC did not exceed the WHO-recommended limit of 0.04 μg MC-LR/Kg of bw/day. However, fruits from plants irrigated with 10 and 20 μg/L may pose a moderate health risk to children (25 Kg bw), and Meriones' consumption of leaves may pose a significant health risk. After the depuration phase, MC concentration in perlite, roots, leaves, and fruits decreased, indicating that depuration reduced the danger of MC transmission and bioaccumulation. The study also found that glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase activity were essential in the depuration of MCs in the tested plants. The findings suggest that legislation regulating the quality of irrigation water in terms of MC concentrations is necessary to prevent detrimental consequences to crops and human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Haida
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Fatima El Khalloufi
- Natural Resources Engineering and Environmental Impacts Team, Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga, Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, B.P: 145, 25000, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - Lahcen Tamegart
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, AbdelmalekEssaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco; Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Team, Laboratory of Clinical, Experimental and Environmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Richard Mugani
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Yasser Essadki
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - El Mahdi Redouane
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Joana Azevedo
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Jorge Araújo
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Campos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Halima Gamrani
- Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Team, Laboratory of Clinical, Experimental and Environmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Brahim Oudra
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
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Wiszniewska A, Makowski W. Assessment of Shoot Priming Efficiency to Counteract Complex Metal Stress in Halotolerant Lobularia maritima. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1440. [PMID: 37050070 PMCID: PMC10096694 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated whether short-term priming supports plant defense against complex metal stress and multiple stress (metals and salinity) in halophyte Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. Plants were pre-treated with ectoine (Ect), nitric oxide donor-sodium nitroprusside (SNP), or hydrogen sulfide donor-GYY4137 for 7 days, and were transferred onto medium containing a mixture of metal ions: Zn, Pb, and Cd. To test the effect of priming agents in multiple stress conditions, shoots were also subjected to low salinity (20 mM NaCl), applied alone, or combined with metals. Hydropriming was a control priming treatment. Stress impact was evaluated on a basis of growth parameters, whereas defense responses were on a basis of the detoxification activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST), radical scavenging activity, and accumulation of thiols and phenolic compounds. Exposure to metals reduced shoot biomass and height but had no impact on the formation of new shoots. Priming with nitric oxide annihilated the toxic effects of metals. It was related to a sharp increase in GST activity, glutathione accumulation, and boosted radical scavenging activity. In NO-treated shoots level of total phenolic compounds (TPC) and flavonoids remained unaffected, in contrast to other metal-treated shoots. Under combined metal stress and salinity, NO and H2S were capable of restoring or improving growth parameters, as they stimulated radical scavenging activity. Ect and H2S did not exert any effect on metal-treated shoots in comparison to hydropriming. The results revealed the stimulatory role of nitric oxide and low doses of NaCl in combating the toxic effects of complex metal stress in L. maritima. Both NO and NaCl interfered with thiol metabolism and antioxidant activity, whereas NaCl also contributed to the accumulation of phenolic compounds.
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The Response of Thiols to Cadmium Stress in Spinach ( Spinacia Oleracea L.). TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10080429. [PMID: 36006108 PMCID: PMC9415539 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10080429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the thiol species for the high cadmium (Cd) tolerance of spinach and provide information for the improvement of soil utilization. The spinach was cultured in aqueous solution with concentrations of Cd ranging from 1 to 9 mg/L. The time responses of glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs, PC2-PC4) in the tissues of spinach were monitored via HPLC−MS/MS, and the concentrations of Cd in the roots, shoots and leaves were detected by ICP−OES. Data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and Spearman correlation to assess the relationships among the types of thiols and the changes between types of thiols and Cd. As Cd stress increased, Cd concentrations in tissues also increased. The total thiol contents responded to Cd stresses with correlations r ranging from 0.394 (root), 0.520 (shoot) to 0.771 (leaf) (p < 0.01). GSH and PC3 were dominant on most of the days under Cd stress. The correlation r between improvements in GSH and increments of Cd concentration in roots was −0.808 (p < 0.01), and r between changes in PC3 and changes in Cd concentrations in leaves was −0.503 (p < 0.01). No correlation can be found between GSH and the subtypes of PCs in shoots, but strong positive correlations within the subtypes of PCs. Thiols can be produced in different tissues of spinach, while the shoots are only a transport tissue for GSH.
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Wang B, Cao Q, Li G, Zhang J. Preparation of non-polluting Tb-doped mesoporous carbon nitride photocatalyst and study on the efficacy and mechanism of degradation of antibiotics in water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:36337-36350. [PMID: 35060038 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Given that the biological treatment of antibiotic wastewater can easily induce resistant bacteria, the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics is considered as a better method for treating antibiotic wastewater. Therefore, the ability to remove Tylosin (TYL) and Tetracycline (TC) in aqueous solution using rare earth element Tb-doped g-C3N4 under simulated natural solar radiation was investigated. A series of rare earth Tb3+ doped mesoporous g-C3N4 were successfully prepared by nitric acid treatment and Tb(NO3)3·5H2O samples showed significantly higher degradation efficiency for TYL and TC than pure g-C3N4. Leaching toxicity experiments were carried out on the catalyst using chard seeds and demonstrated negligible toxicity of the leachate from the catalyst. The structure, elemental state, optical properties, morphology, and photogenerated carrier separation of the prepared xTCN catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, UV-Vis DRS, TEM, and PL. The results show that Tb doping enhanced the photocatalytic activity of the g-C3N4 catalyst by narrowing the band gap while improving the light-trapping ability; The separation and transport rate of photogenerated carriers were significantly increased after Tb doping. Finally, a simple, efficient, and non-polluting Tb-doped carbon nitride photocatalyst is successfully developed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Qingtong Cao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Guomin Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
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Zulfiqar U, Jiang W, Xiukang W, Hussain S, Ahmad M, Maqsood MF, Ali N, Ishfaq M, Kaleem M, Haider FU, Farooq N, Naveed M, Kucerik J, Brtnicky M, Mustafa A. Cadmium Phytotoxicity, Tolerance, and Advanced Remediation Approaches in Agricultural Soils; A Comprehensive Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:773815. [PMID: 35371142 PMCID: PMC8965506 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.773815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental contaminant due to its widespread industrial use. Cd contamination of soil and water is rather classical but has emerged as a recent problem. Cd toxicity causes a range of damages to plants ranging from germination to yield suppression. Plant physiological functions, i.e., water interactions, essential mineral uptake, and photosynthesis, are also harmed by Cd. Plants have also shown metabolic changes because of Cd exposure either as direct impact on enzymes or other metabolites, or because of its propensity to produce reactive oxygen species, which can induce oxidative stress. In recent years, there has been increased interest in the potential of plants with ability to accumulate or stabilize Cd compounds for bioremediation of Cd pollution. Here, we critically review the chemistry of Cd and its dynamics in soil and the rhizosphere, toxic effects on plant growth, and yield formation. To conserve the environment and resources, chemical/biological remediation processes for Cd and their efficacy have been summarized in this review. Modulation of plant growth regulators such as cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins, auxins, abscisic acid, polyamines, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, and nitric oxide has been highlighted. Development of plant genotypes with restricted Cd uptake and reduced accumulation in edible portions by conventional and marker-assisted breeding are also presented. In this regard, use of molecular techniques including identification of QTLs, CRISPR/Cas9, and functional genomics to enhance the adverse impacts of Cd in plants may be quite helpful. The review's results should aid in the development of novel and suitable solutions for limiting Cd bioavailability and toxicity, as well as the long-term management of Cd-polluted soils, therefore reducing environmental and human health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wenting Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Wang Xiukang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Nauman Ali
- Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kaleem
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Naila Farooq
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jiri Kucerik
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Martin Brtnicky
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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The Subsequent Effects of Soil Pollution by Petroleum Products and Its Bioremediation on the Antioxidant Response and Content of Elements in Vicia faba Plants. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14227748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum-derived substances (PDSs), which are one of the most significant sources of energy, have become key factors that affect soils and, consequently, plants. The aim of this study was to determine the subsequent effects of soil contamination by PDSs such as petrol (P), diesel fuel (DF) and used engine oil (EO), in addition to its bioremediation using a ZB-01 biopreparation, on the activities of antioxidising enzymes as well as on the content of antioxidants in the leaves of Vicia faba L. The effects on the growth of the plants and their chemical composition were also determined. The results showed that as many as five years after contamination, engine oil and diesel fuel adversely affected the growth of plants. PDSs caused a significant increase in the activity of peroxidase and an increase in the content of proline. The contamination of the soil with oils (EO and DF) resulted in a decrease in the content of nutrients (Ca, Mg and P) in the plants. DF also decreased the content of K and N while EO decreased the content of Fe. PDSs also increased the content of lead and cadmium, and some resulted in a decrease in the content of zinc, manganese and copper. The ZB-01 biopreparation generally had a beneficial effect on the growth of plants, and contributed to a lowering of the activities of the analysed antioxidative enzymes as well as the content of antioxidants in plants in the soil that had been contaminated with diesel fuel. Furthermore, it most often caused an increase in the nutrient levels in the leaves of plants. The effect of the ZB-01 biopreparation on the content of heavy metals varied and was dependent on the specific contaminant and metal that were analysed.
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Rodrigo MA. Wetland Restoration with Hydrophytes: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1035. [PMID: 34063930 PMCID: PMC8223994 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Restoration cases with hydrophytes (those which develop all their vital functions inside the water or very close to the water surface, e.g., flowering) are less abundant compared to those using emergent plants. Here, I synthesize the latest knowledge in wetland restoration based on revegetation with hydrophytes and stress common challenges and potential solutions. The review mainly focusses on natural wetlands but also includes information about naturalized constructed wetlands, which nowadays are being used not only to improve water quality but also to increase biodiversity. Available publications, peer-reviewed and any public domain, from the last 20 years, were reviewed. Several countries developed pilot case-studies and field-scale projects with more or less success, the large-scale ones being less frequent. Using floating species is less generalized than submerged species. Sediment transfer is more adequate for temporary wetlands. Hydrophyte revegetation as a restoration tool could be improved by selecting suitable wetlands, increasing focus on species biology and ecology, choosing the suitable propagation and revegetation techniques (seeding, planting). The clear negative factors which prevent the revegetation success (herbivory, microalgae, filamentous green algae, water and sediment composition) have to be considered. Policy-making and wetland restoration practices must more effectively integrate the information already known, particularly under future climatic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Rodrigo
- Integrative Ecology Group, Cavanilles Institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain
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Riaz M, Kamran M, Fang Y, Wang Q, Cao H, Yang G, Deng L, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Anastopoulos I, Wang X. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-induced mitigation of heavy metal phytotoxicity in metal contaminated soils: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123919. [PMID: 33254825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal pollution is a worldwide problem and has received a serious concern for the ecosystem and human health. In the last decade, remediation of the agricultural polluted soil has attracted great attention. Phytoremediation is one of the technologies that effectively alleviate heavy metal toxicity, however, this technique is limited to many factors contributing to low plant growth rate and nature of metal toxicities. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) assisted alleviation of heavy metal phytotoxicity is a cost-effective and environment-friendly strategy. AMF have a symbiotic relationship with the host plant. The bidirectional exchange of resources is a hallmark and also a functional necessity in mycorrhizal symbiosis. During the last few years, a significant progress in both physiological and molecular mechanisms regarding roles of AMF in the alleviation of heavy metals (HMs) toxicities in plants, acquisition of nutrients, and improving plant performance under toxic conditions of HMs has been well studied. This review summarized the current knowledge regarding AMF assisted remediation of heavy metals and some of the strategies used by mycorrhizal fungi to cope with stressful environments. Moreover, this review provides the information of both molecular and physiological responses of mycorrhizal plants as well as AMF to heavy metal stress which could be helpful for exploring new insight into the mechanisms of HMs remediation by utilizing AMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yizeng Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Huayuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Guoling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lulu Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Youjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Ioannis Anastopoulos
- Radioanalytical and Environmental Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia, CY-1678, Cyprus
| | - Xiurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
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Physiological and antioxidant responses of Euryale ferox salisb seedlings to microcystins. Toxicon 2020; 190:50-57. [PMID: 33338447 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake located in eastern China. In recent years, it has experienced extensive cyanobacterial (Microcystis spp.) blooms that produce toxic microcystins (MCs), which may have acute and chronic hepatotoxic effects in animals and humans. Although the impact of MCs on both terrestrial and aquatic plants is well documented, the effects and underlying mechanisms of the harmful toxin MC-LR on Euryale ferox Salisb seedlings have rarely been reported. Thus, herein, the antioxidant response mechanisms and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites during the exposure of E. ferox Salisb seedlings to varying MC-LR concentrations (0.05, 0.2, 1, and 5 μg/L) were thoroughly investigated after exposure periods (7, 14, 21 d). Our study revealed that the seedling growth was inhibited with increasing MC-LR exposure concentration that significantly induced at 1 μg/L and reached a maximum level at 5 μg/L, whereas the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) in the seedling cells increased gradually with increasing MC-LR concentration and longer exposure time. The maximum malondialdehyde (MDA) content was 4.3-fold higher than that of the control group under an MC-LR concentration of 5.0 μg/L after 7 days of exposure treatment. The study of the seedling detoxification mechanism revealed that the content of total glutathione (tGSH) and reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as the activities of GSH sparse transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR), increased to varying degrees and reached a maximum level at 1 μg/L. Therefore, the exposure to MC-LR can promote the accumulation of secondary metabolites and increase the activities of secondary metabolic enzymes in the seedlings. Further investigation of these antioxidative mechanisms will provide additional information for the identification and development of bio-indicators to evaluate the environmental impact of MCs on aquatic ecosystems.
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Zhang JH, Zhang ZT, Ou YJ, Zhang F, Meng J, Wang G, Fang ZL, Li Y. Red-emitting GSH-Cu NCs as a triplet induced quenched fluorescent probe for fast detection of thiol pollutants. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19429-19437. [PMID: 32959864 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04645k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thiol compounds exist widely on the Earth and have certain significance in the fields of the circulation of the sulfur element and industrial production. However, the odor and biological toxicity of thiol compounds make them pollutants that seriously threaten the environmental safety and the living quality of human. In this study, a novel triplet induced fluorescence "turn-off" strategy was designed for the detection of thiol pollutants via a glutathione-stabilized copper nanocluster (GSH-Cu NC) probe. The as-prepared GSH-Cu NCs not only have small size and good water-solubility, but also exhibit strong red-emitting fluorescence at 630 nm, which could be quenched quantitatively with the increase of the concentration of thiol pollutants. So they were employed to detect thioglycolic acid (TGA), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), 2-mercaptoethanol (ME) and 2-(diethylamino)ethanethiol (2-AT) in a wide linear range of 1-100 μM with detection limits of 0.73 μM, 0.43 μM, 0.37 μM, and 0.69 μM, respectively. This method was successfully applied to detect the above thiol pollutants in lake water with good recoveries. Moreover, their further application was also expanded as luminous test strips based on the excellent fluorescence characteristics of GSH-Cu NCs for fast real-time detection of thiol pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hua Zhang
- Tianjin Key laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China. and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Zi-Tong Zhang
- Tianjin Key laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
| | - Yang-Jing Ou
- Tianjin Key laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
| | - Fei Zhang
- Tianjin Key laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China. and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Jie Meng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Gen Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Zhao-Lin Fang
- Tianjin Key laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
| | - Yan Li
- Tianjin Key laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
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Cao Q, Liu W, Gu Y, Xie L, Jiang W, Gao Y, Yang L. Synergetic enhancement toxicity of copper, cadmium and microcystin-LR to the Ceratophyllum demersum L. Toxicon 2020; 186:151-159. [PMID: 32798503 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals and microcystins commonly co-exist in water bodies with cyanobacteria, and have been shown to affect aquatic plants. However, their combined effects remain largely unknown. In this study, the toxic effects of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) on Ceratophyllum demersum L. were characterized in the presence of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). The results showed that the bioaccumulation of MC-LR and Cu/Cd in C. demersum was significantly increased by the interaction between MC-LR and Cu/Cd. The combined toxicity assessment results suggested that the toxicities of Cu or Cd to C. demersum would be largely exacerbated by MC-LR, which could be the results of increased bioaccumulation of the pollutants. Cu, Cd and MC-LR, as well as their mixture, significantly decreased plant fresh weight and total chlorophyll content of C. demersum, especially at their high concentrations. The antioxidative system was activated to cope with the adverse effects of oxidative stress. Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly stimulated by Cu, Cd and MC-LR, as well as their mixture. However, the decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were observed when exposed to relative high concentrations of Cu or Cd together with MC-LR of 5 μg L-1. MC-LR brought more stress to the antioxidative system, which is another possible explanation for the synergistic effect. Our findings highlight increased ecological risks of the co-contamination of heavy metals and harmful cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yurong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Liqiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Weili Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Gupta P, Satsangi M, Satsangi GP, Jangid A, Liu Y, Pani SK, Kumar R. Exposure to respirable and fine dust particle over North-Central India: chemical characterization, source interpretation, and health risk analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:2081-2099. [PMID: 31823181 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study enhances the understanding of the particulate matters (PM2.5 and PM10) and their physical and chemical behavior over the Taj Mahal, Agra, in North-Central India. The mass concentration was determined, and the shape and size of the particles and chemical characterizations have been carried out using SEM-EDX. The high level and significant variation of PM10 (162.2 µg m-3) and PM2.5 (83.9 µg m-3) were observed. The exceedance factor of the present study region is in critical and moderate condition. Morphological characterization reveals the particles of different shapes and sizes, while elemental analysis shows the presence of Si, Al, Fe, Ca, K, Cl, Mg, Na, Cu, and Zn. The dominance of Si indicated the contribution of natural sources, i.e., soil over this region. Three significant sources, viz. soil/road paved dust/vegetative emissions, vehicular/industrial emissions, and intermingling of dust and combustion particles, have been identified using principal component analysis over North-Central India. Health risk analysis of particulate matter identified carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic metals in the present study, which comes in contact with human beings during inhalation. The non-carcinogenic risk was much higher than the acceptable level. The high carcinogenic risks were found in Zn in PM10 and Cu in PM2.5 for both children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratima Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Dayalbagh, Agra, 282 005, India
| | - Mamta Satsangi
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Dayalbagh, Agra, 282 005, India
| | - Guru Prasad Satsangi
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Dayalbagh, Agra, 282 005, India
| | - Ashok Jangid
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Dayalbagh, Agra, 282 005, India
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA
| | - Shantanu Kumar Pani
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ranjit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Dayalbagh, Agra, 282 005, India.
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Liu HJ, Wang X, Yang ZL, Ren LL, Qian TT. Identification and biochemical characterization of the glutathione reductase family from Populus trichocarpa. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 294:110459. [PMID: 32234218 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) is a key NADPH-dependent flavo-protein oxidoreductase which can catalyze the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to reduced glutathione (GSH) to protect plant cells from oxidative damage induced by Reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst. To investigate the biochemical characteristics and functional divergence of Populus GR family, three GR genes (PtGR1.1/1.2/2) were cloned from Populus trichocarpa and their biochemical characteristics were analyzed in this study. All the three genes were expressed in root, stem, leaf and bud, and the expression of PtGR genes were general upregulated under salicylic acid and alamethicin treatment. PtGR1.1 and PtGR1.2 were localized in cytoplasm, while PtGR2 was in chloroplast. The three PtGR proteins showed different enzymatic activities, apparent kinetic characteristic and thermal stability profiles. However, they have similar bivalent metal ions (Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+) sensitivity and optimum pH profiles. Our study sheds light on a comprehensive information of glutathione reductase family in P. trichocarpa, and proved PtGR genes play critical roles when suffering different stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin-Ling Ren
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ting-Ting Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Ren M, Qin Z, Li X, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Huang Y, Yang S. Selenite antagonizes the phytotoxicity of Cd in the cattail Typha angustifolia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 189:109959. [PMID: 31787383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Phytotoxicity of and mechanism underlying selenite-mediated tolerance to Cd stress in Typha angustifolia were studied hydroponically with respect to metal uptake and translocation, photosynthesis-related parameters, contents of proline and O2•-, products of lipid peroxidation, cell viability, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, glyoxalases and phytochelatins. T. angustifolia were exposed to 25, 50 and 100 μM of Cd alone and in conjunction with 5 mg L-1 of selenite in full-strength Hoagland's nutrient solution for 30 days. Results showed that Cd contents in T. angustifolia leaves and roots increased in a dose-dependent manner and were higher in roots, but those of BAC, BCF and TF changed in a contrary pattern. Addition of selenite to Cd-containing treatments further reduced Cd levels in T. angustifolia leaves and roots, as well as BAC, BCF and TF. A diphasic effect was found in T. angustifolia for the contents of total chlorophyll, GSH, PC and GSSG, as well as activities of CAT, POD, SOD and GR, in response to Cd stress alone and in conjunction with selenite supplementation, but the same effect was not observed for Pn, Cond, Tr, Ci, Fv/Fm and ϕPSII. In contrast, exogenous selenite supplementation enhanced the contents of total chlorophyll and the non-enzymatic antioxidants, as well as activities of enzymatic antioxidants, while the values of photosynthetic fluorescence parameters were rescued. Selenite addition decreased Cd-induced cell death. Proline contents and Gly I activities in T. angustifolia leaves kept increasing in a dose-dependent manner of Cd concentrations in the growth media and selenite addition further enhanced both parameters. Addition of selenite could quench Cd-mediated generation of MDA, O2•- and MG in T. angustifolia leaves and reduce Cd-induced Gly II activity. A U-shaped GSH/GSSG ratio in T. angustifolia leaves suggests a possible trade-off between PC synthesis and GR activity since both share the same substrate GSH. Therefore, confined BAC, BCF and TF were a mechanism that confers T. angustifolia tolerance to Cd stress, and that exogenous selenite supplementation could depress Cd-induced stress in T. angustifolia by rescuing the photosynthetic fluorescence, enhancing non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants that scavenge O2•- and MG, and potentiating PC synthesis that chelates Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biology Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
| | - Zhenjie Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biology Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
| | - Xin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biology Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biology Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
| | - Yuanxiu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biology Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biology Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
| | - Yongjie Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biology Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
| | - Shiyong Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biology Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
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Kohli SK, Handa N, Bali S, Khanna K, Arora S, Sharma A, Bhardwaj R. Current Scenario of Pb Toxicity in Plants: Unraveling Plethora of Physiological Responses. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 249:153-197. [PMID: 30900073 DOI: 10.1007/398_2019_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is an extremely toxic metal for all living forms including plants. It enters plants through roots from soil or soil solution. It is considered as one of the most eminent examples of anthropogenic environmental pollutant added in environment through mining and smelting of lead ores, coal burning, waste from battery industries, leaded paints, metal plating, and automobile exhaust. Uptake of Pb in plants is a nonselective process and is driven by H+/ATPases. Translocation of Pb metal ions occurs by apoplastic movement resulting in deposition of metal ions in the endodermis and is further transported by symplastic movement. Plants exposed to high concentration of Pb show toxic symptoms due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through Fenton-Haber-Weiss reaction. ROS include superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide, which reach to macro- and micro-cellular levels in the plant cells and cause oxidative damage. Plant growth and plethora of biochemical and physiological attributes including plant growth, water status, photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidative defense system, phenolic compounds, metal chelators, osmolytes, and redox status are adversely influenced by Pb toxicity. Plants respond to toxic levels of Pb in varied ways such as restricted uptake of metal, chelation of metal ions to the root endodermis, enhancement in activity of antioxidative defense, alteration in metal transporters expression, and involvement of plant growth regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
| | - Neha Handa
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Shagun Bali
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
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16
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Ulhassan Z, Huang Q, Gill RA, Ali S, Mwamba TM, Ali B, Hina F, Zhou W. Protective mechanisms of melatonin against selenium toxicity in Brassica napus: insights into physiological traits, thiol biosynthesis and antioxidant machinery. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:507. [PMID: 31752690 PMCID: PMC6869276 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ubiquitous signaling molecule melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) (MT) plays vital roles in plant development and stress tolerance. Selenium (Se) may be phytotoxic at high concentrations. Interactions between MT and Se (IV) stress in higher plants are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the defensive roles of exogenous MT (0 μM, 50 μM, and 100 μM) against Se (IV) (0 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, and 200 μM) stress based on the physiological and biochemical properties, thiol biosynthesis, and antioxidant system of Brassica napus plants subjected to these treatments. RESULTS Se (IV) stress inhibited B. napus growth and biomass accumulation, reduced pigment content, and lowered net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and PSII photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) in a dose-dependent manner. All of the aforementioned responses were effectively alleviated by exogenous MT treatment. Exogenous MT mitigated oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation and protected the plasma membranes from Se toxicity by reducing Se-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. MT also alleviated osmotic stress by restoring foliar water and sugar levels. Relative to standalone Se treatment, the combination of MT and Se upregulated the ROS-detoxifying enzymes SOD, APX, GR, and CAT, increased proline, free amino acids, and the thiol components GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG, NPTs, PCs, and cys and upregulated the metabolic enzymes γ-ECS, GST, and PCS. Therefore, MT application attenuates Se-induce oxidative damage in plants. MT promotes the accumulation of chelating agents in the roots, detoxifies Se there, and impedes its further translocation to the leaves. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous MT improves the physiological traits, antioxidant system, and thiol ligand biosynthesis in B. napus subjected to Se stress primarily by enhancing Se detoxification and sequestration especially at the root level. Our results reveal better understanding of Se-phytotoxicity and Se-stress alleviation by the adequate supply of MT. The mechanisms of MT-induced plant tolerance to Se stress have potential implications in developing novel strategies for safe crop production in Se-rich soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rafaqat Ali Gill
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Skhawat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Theodore Mulembo Mwamba
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Basharat Ali
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Hina
- Lab of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Wang X, Shi C, Chen G, Jiang J, Zhang C, Qiao Y, Ju Y, Wang R, Kan G, Wei H, Zhu F. Characterization of recombinant glutathione reductase from Antarctic yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Polar Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-019-02603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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18
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Cao Q, Liu W, Jiang W, Shu X, Xie L. Glutathione biosynthesis plays an important role in microcystin-LR depuration in lettuce and spinach. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:599-605. [PMID: 31330351 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Irrigation of crop plants with microcystins (MCs) contaminated water could be a threat to human health via bioaccumulation. Despite the fact MCs bioaccumulation in crop plants is well documented, MCs depuration, as well as the mechanism involved remains unclear. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the bioaccumulation and depuration of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), as well as to explore the role of glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis in MC-LR depuration. The tested plants were irrigated with deionized water containing 10 μg L-1 MC-LR for 12 days (bioaccumulation), and subsequently, with either deionized water only or deionized water containing 0.5 mM buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, a specific inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis) for 12 days (depuration). After bioaccumulation period, highest concentrations of MC-LR found in lettuce and spinach were 114.4 and 138.5 μg kg-1 dry weight (DW) respectively. Depuration rates of MC-LR in lettuce and spinach were 9.5 and 8.1 μg kg-1 DW d-1, which deceased to 3.7 and 4.6 μg kg-1 DW d-1 in treatments with BSO application. GSH content in both lettuce and spinach were not significantly affected during depuration without BSO; whereas after treatment with BSO, GSH content significantly decreased by 36.0% and 24.7% in lettuce and spinach on 15 d, and the decrease remained on 18 d and 21 d in lettuce. Moreover, during the bioaccumulation period, activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were enhanced in both plants. Our results suggested that GSH biosynthesis played an important role in MC-LR depuration in the tested plants. Concerning human health risk, most of the estimated daily intake (EDI) values during the bioaccumulation period exceeded the tolerable daily intake (TDI) guideline. However, the risk could be alleviated by irrigating with MCs-free water for a certain amount of time before harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Weili Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Xiubo Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liqiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Liem-Nguyen V, Huynh K, Gallampois C, Björn E. Determination of picomolar concentrations of thiol compounds in natural waters and biological samples by tandem mass spectrometry with online preconcentration and isotope-labeling derivatization. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1067:71-78. [PMID: 31047151 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We present a sensitive, selective and robust method for the determination of 14 thiol compounds in aqueous samples. Thiols were derivatized with ω-bromoacetonylquinolinium bromide (BQB) and its deuterium labeled equivalent D7-ω-bromoacetonylquinolinium bromide (D7). Derivatized thiols were preconcentrated by online solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by liquid chromatography separation and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry determination (SPE/LC-ESI-MS/MS). The robustness of the method was validated for wide ranges in pH, salinity, and concentrations of sulfide and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to cover contrasting natural water types. The limits of detection (LODs) for the thiols were 3.1-66 pM. Between 6 and 14 of the thiols were detected in different natural sample types at variable concentrations: boreal wetland porewater (0.7-51 nM), estuarine sediment porewater (50 pM-11 nM), coastal sea water (60 pM-16 nM), and sulfate reducing bacterium cultures (80 pM-4 nM). MS/MS fragmentation of the compounds produces two pairs of common product ions, m/z 130.2/137.1 and 218.1/225.1, which enables scanning for unknown thiols in precursor ion scan mode. Using this approach, we identified cysteine, mercaptoacetic acid, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and sulfurothioic S-acid in boreal wetland porewater. The performance of the developed method sets a new state of the art for the determination of thiol compounds in environmental and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Liem-Nguyen
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-70281, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Khoa Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Erik Björn
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
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Dongxing Z, Yucui N, Congmin J, Liyan L, Xiaoli P, Xu C. Correlation of the oxidative stress indices and Cd exposure using a mathematical model in the earthworm, Eisenia fetida. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:157-167. [PMID: 30366269 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in heavy metal pollution, it is of great significance to evaluate the ecological security and early warning of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. In this paper, a mathematical model was established for the first time by combining the advantages of the factor analysis method and the analytic hierarchy process, and was used to screen and analyze the ecological indices of oxidative stress in earthworms under Cd exposure. The experiment lasted for 40 days, removing one earthworm every 10 days. The Cd2+ concentration gradient was set at 0, 1, 10, 20, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg kg-1. The ecological indices measured were total protein (TP), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The results showed that when the earthworm was exposed to Cd2+ for 10 days and 30 days, in the head tissues, the key indices to focus on for monitoring were both POD. At 20 days and 40 days, the key indices were both TP. For the tail tissue tests, under Cd exposure for 10 days, the key indicator focused on for monitoring was MDA. After 20 days of exposure, the key monitoring indicator was AChE. At 30 days, it was CAT, and at 40 days, it was TP. This study provides a theoretical basis for the prompt, inexpensive, accurate and scientific early warning of metal contaminated soils and establishes a foundation for application of the screening model for other ecological indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Dongxing
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Ning Yucui
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jin Congmin
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Liu Liyan
- Publicity and United Front Work Department, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Pan Xiaoli
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; College of Physics Science and Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Cao Xu
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150030, China
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Rusin M, Gospodarek J, Barczyk G, Nadgórska-Socha A. Antioxidant responses of Triticum aestivum plants to petroleum-derived substances. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:1353-1367. [PMID: 30311131 PMCID: PMC6267654 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1988-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Winter common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants were cultivated on petroleum products contaminated soils with and without using biopreparation ZB-01. We determined the impact of soil contamination with petrol, diesel fuel and engine oil on selected antioxidant enzymes and the levels of antioxidants in the leaves of winter wheat. The impact of petroleum products on selected morphological characteristics of the plants, levels of nutrients and heavy metals was also assessed. Winter wheat was relatively resistant to soil contamination with petroleum products, and did not show a significant impact on the morphological characteristics of the plants. The levels of nutrients and heavy metals in the plants depended on the type of pollutant and the analyzed component. Biopreparation ZB-01 generally resulted in an increase in calcium levels in the plants. The winter wheat plants growing in soil contaminated with engine oil were characterized by higher levels of zinc, lead, manganese and cadmium than the control plants. Biopreparation applied to the soil contaminated with petrol resulted in a slight increase in the levels of lead and zinc in the plants. The petroleum products affected the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of antioxidants in the plants. The general markers of soil contaminated with diesel fuel and petrol were POD activity and proline levels. Use of the ZB-01 biopreparation caused an increase in the levels of proline and -SH groups and an increase in the levels of carbon and calcium in the plants and had no effect on the morphological characteristics of plants..
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Rusin
- Department of Agricultural Environment Protection, University of Agriculture, al. A. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Janina Gospodarek
- Department of Agricultural Environment Protection, University of Agriculture, al. A. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriela Barczyk
- Department of Ecology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
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22
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Liu N, Wu Z. Growth and antioxidant response in Ceratophyllum demersum L. under sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), phenol and joint stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:188-195. [PMID: 30053589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants and phenolic compounds are common organic pollutants in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. However, the ecological risks of their combination are still unknown. This study investigated the effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), phenol and their mixture on the growth and physiological responses of Ceratophyllum demersum L. Antagonistic effects were elicited with Phenol-SDS mixtures (≤10 + 20 mg l-1). The results showed that photosynthetic pigments were sensitive to these toxins. The chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll of the plant significantly decreased under individual or the combined stress of SDS and phenol. Soluble protein content declined obviously in high stress conditions (≥1.0 mg l-1 Phenol, ≥10 mg l-1SDS, ≥0.5 + 1.0 mg l-1 Phenol+SDS). To cope with oxidant stress, C. demersum can activate antioxidant defense systems, such as the increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). Moreover, under combined stress, the activities of catalase (CAT), SOD and POD significantly increased relative to a single stress. Our results showed that the toxicity of SDS and phenol may be antagonistic in C. demersum in its natural environment, and their mixture did not produce more severe effects on the growth of C. demersum than each toxin individually. Furthermore, the chlorophyll content can be considered an indicator of the combined toxicity of SDS and phenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Liu
- The National Field Station of Lake Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhonghua Wu
- The National Field Station of Lake Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Huang X, Wang L, Zhu S, Ho SH, Wu J, Kalita PK, Ma F. Unraveling the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on uptake, translocation, and distribution of cadmium in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 149:43-50. [PMID: 29149661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. has been reported to form a symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF). However, the tolerance mechanism for AMF symbiosis on cadmium (Cd) phytotoxicity still remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation on Cd-stressed (0, 1, and 20mgL-1) roots, stems, and leaves of P. australis with regard to subcellular Cd distribution and chemical forms of Cd. In addition, transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate variations in subcellular structures and functional groups in plant organs. The results showed that AMF inoculation could induce selective Cd distribution at subcellular levels, depending on different Cd treatments. The investigation of the chemical forms illustrated that AMF inoculation could alleviate Cd toxicity in all organs. Increases were observed in the ratios of undissolved Cd (FHAc) and oxalate Cd (FHCl), while decreases were observed in pectates and protein-integrated Cd (FNaCl) as well as water soluble Cd (FW). Hydroxyl (-OH), amide (-NH), carboxyl (C=O), and phosphate (P=O) groups as well as C-O and C-N stretching played predominant roles for the enhancement of Cd tolerance in response to AMF inoculation. These results provide instructive evidence for the mechanisms by which AMF inoculation enhances the Cd tolerance of P. australis via Cd uptake and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana 61801, United States
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Shishu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jieting Wu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Prasanta K Kalita
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana 61801, United States
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
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24
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Ning Y, Liu L, Rong G, Cao X, Li J, Su Y, Zhou D. Study on the influential biochemical indices of Cd(II) on Eisenia fetida in oxidative stress by principal component analysis in the natural soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:4268-4278. [PMID: 29178017 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0807-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With the aggravation of heavy metal pollution in soil, the individual heavy metal content monitoring cannot predict the true effects of harmful substances on the ecosystems. Thus, the effective biological evaluation system should be established to assess the pollution risk caused by heavy metal. Earthworms are widely distributed in the soil, and at the bottom of the food chain, the changes of biochemical indices play an important role in the early warning for heavy metal pollution. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a statistical method that derives several independent principal components from the original variable based on retaining the information as much as possible. This paper is aimed at finding out and analyzing the key monitoring factors related to Cd2+ on the earthworm Eisenia fetida in oxidative stress. The Cd2+ stress concentrations were set at 0, 1, 10, 20, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg kg-1, and the post-clitellum segment of earthworm was chosen to determine TP, POD, SOD, GST, GPX, CAT, MDA, VE, and AChE. The results showed that the main bioindicators associated with oxidative stress reaction were GST, POD, and MDA at the exposure time of 10 days; at 20 days GPX, MDA, and AChE; at 30 days CAT, TP, and GPX; CAT, MDA, and SOD at 40th day. These results indicated that PCA can quickly, effectively, directly, and scientifically select biomarkers of oxidative stress induced by Cd and improve the accuracy and scientificity of earthworm as a biomarker in monitoring and early warning for heavy metal-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Ning
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Liyan Liu
- Publicity and United Front Work Department, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Guohua Rong
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ye Su
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dongxing Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Kohli SK, Handa N, Sharma A, Gautam V, Arora S, Bhardwaj R, Alyemeni MN, Wijaya L, Ahmad P. Combined effect of 24-epibrassinolide and salicylic acid mitigates lead (Pb) toxicity by modulating various metabolites in Brassica juncea L. seedlings. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:11-24. [PMID: 28573335 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrated the combined effect of 24-epibrassinolide and salicylic acid against lead (Pb, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mM) toxicity in Brassica juncea seedlings. Various parameters including water status, metal uptake, total water- and lipid-soluble antioxidants, metal chelator content (total thiols, protein-bound thiols, and non-protein-bound thiols), phenolic compounds (flavonoids, anthocyanins, and polyphenols), and organic acids were studied in 10-day-old seedlings. Dry matter content and the heavy metal tolerance index were reduced by 42.24 and 52.3%, respectively, in response to Pb treatment. Metal uptake, metal-chelating compounds, phenolic compounds, and organic acids were increased in Pb-treated seedlings as compared to control plants. The treatment of Pb-stressed seedlings with combination of EBL and SA resulted in enhancement of heavy metal tolerance index by 40.07%, water content by 1.84%, and relative water content by 23.45%. The total water- and lipid-soluble antioxidants were enhanced by 21.01 and 2.21%, respectively. In contrast, a significant decline in dry weight, metal uptake, thiol, and polyphenol contents was observed following the application of 24-epibrassinolide and salicylic acid. These observations indicate that Pb treatment has an adverse effect on B. juncea seedlings. However, co-application of 24-epibrassinolide and salicylic acid mitigates the negative effects of Pb, by lowering Pb metal uptake and enhancing the heavy metal tolerance index, water content, relative water content, antioxidative capacities, phenolic content, and organic acid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Neha Handa
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- Department of Botany, DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar, 144012, India
| | - Vandana Gautam
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonard Wijaya
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India.
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Nadgórska-Socha A, Kandziora-Ciupa M, Trzęsicki M, Barczyk G. Air pollution tolerance index and heavy metal bioaccumulation in selected plant species from urban biotopes. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 183:471-482. [PMID: 28570890 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This research was carried out on plants Taraxacum officinale, Plantago lanceolata, Betula pendula and Robinia pseudoacacia growing in urban biotopes with different levels of heavy metal contamination in the city of Dąbrowa Górnicza (southern Poland). Based on the pollution index, the highest heavy metal contamination was determined in the site 4 (connected with industry emitters) and 6 (high traffic). The metal accumulation index (MAI) values ranged within the biotopes in Dąbrowa Górnicza between 7.3 and 20.6 for R. pseudoacacia, 4.71-23.1 for P. lanceolata, 4.68-28.1 for T. officinale and 10.5-27.2 for B. pendula. Increasing tendency in proline content in biotopes connected with high traffic was found in the leaves of investigated plants (except R. pseudoacacia). Similar tendency was observed for ascorbic acid content in the foliage of the plants as well as in T. officinalle in stands connected industrial emission. Non-protein thiols content increased especially in the leaves of R. pseudoacacia in biotopes with high traffic emissions as well as in T. officinale in stands connected with industry. The mean values of APTI (Air Pollution Tolerance Index) within the city of Dąbrowa Górnicza for investigated plants were found in the following ascending order P. lanceolata < R. pseudoacacia < B. pendula < T. officinale. Among the investigated plants B. pendula and T. officinale may be postulated as appropriate plants in urban areas with considerable soil and air contamination, especially with heavy metals. The results indicate that species deemed tolerant according to APTI are suitable plants in barriers areas to combat atmospheric pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Kandziora-Ciupa
- University of Silesia, Department of Ecology, Bankowa 9, PL 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Trzęsicki
- Medical University of Silesia, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Department of Sports, Medicine and Physiology of Physical Effort, Medyków 12, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Gabriela Barczyk
- University of Silesia, Department of Ecology, Bankowa 9, PL 40-007, Katowice, Poland
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Imran M, Ullah A, Saeed F, Nadeem M, Arshad MU, Suleria HAR. Cucurmin, anticancer, & antitumor perspectives: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1271-1293. [PMID: 27874279 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1252711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cucurmin, a naturally yellow component isolated from turmeric, ability to prevent various life-style related disorders. The current review article mainly emphasizes on different anticancer perspectives of cucurmin, i.e., colon, cervical, uterine, ovarian, prostate head and neck, breast, pulmonary, stomach and gastric, pancreatic, bladder oral, oesophageal, and bone cancer. It holds a mixture of strong bioactive molecule known as cucurminoids that has ability to reduce cancer/tumor at initial, promotion and progression stages of tumor development. In particular, these compounds block several enzymes required for the growth of tumors and may therefore involve in tumor treatments. Moreover, it modulates an array of cellular progressions, i.e., nitric oxide synthetase activity, protein kinase C activity, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor intrinsic kinase activity, nuclear factor kappa (NF-kB) activity, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and production of reactive oxygen species. However, current manuscript summarizes most of the recent investigations of cucurmin but still further research should be conducted to explore the role of curcumin to mitigate various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- a Department of Diet and Nutritional Sciences , Imperial College of Business Studies , Lahore , Pakistan.,b National Institute of Food Science and Technology , University of Agriculture Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Azmat Ullah
- e Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- c Institute of Home & Food Sciences , Government College University Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- d Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Vehari , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair Arshad
- c Institute of Home & Food Sciences , Government College University Faisalabad , Pakistan
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28
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Aquatic Plant Genomics: Advances, Applications, and Prospects. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:6347874. [PMID: 28900619 PMCID: PMC5576420 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6347874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomics is a discipline in genetics that studies the genome composition of organisms and the precise structure of genes and their expression and regulation. Genomics research has resolved many problems where other biological methods have failed. Here, we summarize advances in aquatic plant genomics with a focus on molecular markers, the genes related to photosynthesis and stress tolerance, comparative study of genomes and genome/transcriptome sequencing technology.
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29
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Sharma S, Anand G, Singh N, Kapoor R. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Augments Arsenic Tolerance in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) by Strengthening Antioxidant Defense System and Thiol Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:906. [PMID: 28642762 PMCID: PMC5462957 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) can help plants to tolerate arsenic (As) toxicity. However, plant responses are found to vary with the host plant and the AM fungal species. The present study compares the efficacy of two AM fungi Rhizoglomus intraradices (M1) and Glomus etunicatum (M2) in amelioration of As stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. HD-2967). Mycorrhizal (M) and non-mycorrhizal (NM) wheat plants were subjected to four levels of As (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg As kg-1 soil). Although As additions had variable effects on the percentage of root colonized by the two fungal inoculants, each mycobiont conferred benefits to the host plant. Mycorrhizal plants continued to display better growth than NM plants. Formation of AM helped the host plant to overcome As-induced P deficiency and maintained favorable P:As ratio. Inoculation of AMF had variable effects on the distribution of As in plant tissues. While As translocation factor decreased in low As (25 mg kg-1 soil), it increased under high As (50 and 100 mg As kg-1 soil). Further As translocation to grain was reduced (As grain:shoot ratio) in M plants compared with NM plants. Arsenic-induced oxidative stress (generation of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation) in plants reduced significantly by AMF inoculation. The alleviation potential of AM was more evident with increase in severity of As stress. Colonization of AMF resulted in higher activities of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase). It increased the concentrations of the antioxidant molecules (carotenoids, proline, and α-tocopherol) than their NM counterparts at high As addition level. Comparatively higher activities of enzymes of glutathione-ascorbate cycle in M plants led to higher ascorbate:dehydroascorbate (AsA:DHA) and glutathione:glutathione disulphide (GSH:GSSG) ratios. Inoculation by AMF also augmented the glyoxalase system by increasing the activities of both glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II enzymes. Mycorrhizal colonization increased concentrations of cysteine, glutathione, non-protein thiols, and activity of glutathione-S-transferase that facilitated sequestration of As into non-toxic complexes. The study reveals multifarious role of AMF in alleviation of As toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of DelhiNew Delhi, India
| | - Garima Anand
- Department of Botany, University of DelhiNew Delhi, India
| | - Neeraja Singh
- Department of Botany, University of DelhiNew Delhi, India
| | - Rupam Kapoor
- Department of Botany, University of DelhiNew Delhi, India
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30
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Liu H, Cao Y, Li W, Zhang Z, Jeppesen E, Wang W. The effects of cadmium pulse dosing on physiological traits and growth of the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria spinulosa and phytoplankton biomass: a mesocosm study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:15308-15314. [PMID: 28502048 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulse inputs of heavy metals are expected to increase with a higher frequency of extreme climate events (heavy rain), leading to stronger erosion of contaminated and fertilized farmland soils to freshwaters, with potentially adverse effects on lake ecosystems. We conducted a 5-month mesocosm study to elucidate the responses of the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria spinulosa and phytoplankton to four different doses of cadmium (Cd): 0 (control), 0.05, 0.5, and 5 g m-2 (CK, I, II, and III, respectively) under mesotrophic conditions. We found that total phosphorus concentrations were larger in the three Cd pulse treatments, whereas total nitrogen concentrations did not differ among the four treatments. The contents of chlorophyll a and soluble sugar in macrophyte leaves decreased in III, and total biomass, ramet number, plant height, and total stolon length of macrophytes were lower in both II and III. In contrast, abundances of the three main phytoplankton taxa-Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Bacillariophyta-did not differ among treatments. Total phytoplankton biomass was, however, marginally lower in CK than in the Cd treatments. We conclude that exposure to strong Cd pulses led to significantly reduced growth of macrophytes, while no obvious effect appeared for phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), Beijing, China
- Lake Ecology Section, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Tripathi P, Singh PC, Mishra A, Srivastava S, Chauhan R, Awasthi S, Mishra S, Dwivedi S, Tripathi P, Kalra A, Tripathi RD, Nautiyal CS. Arsenic tolerant Trichoderma sp. reduces arsenic induced stress in chickpea (Cicer arietinum). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 223:137-145. [PMID: 28153415 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metalloids including arsenic (As) can neither be eliminated nor destroyed from environment; however, they can be converted from toxic to less/non-toxic forms. The form of As species and their concentration determines its toxicity in plants. Therefore, the microbe mediated biotransformation of As is crucial for its plant uptake and toxicity. In the present study the role of As tolerant Trichoderma in modulating As toxicity in chickpea plants was explored. Chickpea plants grown in arsenate spiked soil under green house conditions were inoculated with two plant growth promoting Trichoderma strains, M-35 (As tolerant) and PPLF-28 (As sensitive). Total As concentration in chickpea tissue was comparable in both the Trichoderma treatments, however, differences in levels of organic and inorganic As (iAs) species were observed. The shift in iAs to organic As species ratio in tolerant Trichoderma treatment correlated with enhanced plant growth and nutrient content. Arsenic stress amelioration in tolerant Trichoderma treatment was also evident through rhizospheric microbial community and anatomical studies of the stem morphology. Down regulation of abiotic stress responsive genes (MIPS, PGIP, CGG) in tolerant Trichoderma + As treatment as compared to As alone and sensitive Trichoderma + As treatment also revealed that tolerant strain enhanced the plant's potential to cope with As stress as compared to sensitive one. Considering the bioremediation and plant growth promotion potential, the tolerant Trichoderma may appear promising for its utilization in As affected fields for enhancing agricultural productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Tripathi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India; CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Poonam C Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Aradhana Mishra
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Suchi Srivastava
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Reshu Chauhan
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Surabhi Awasthi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Seema Mishra
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Sanjay Dwivedi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Preeti Tripathi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Alok Kalra
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Rudra D Tripathi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India.
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Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ complexation by glutathione and the phytochelatins. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 267:2-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Rihab BA, Sabrine BO, Lina C, Imed M, Hatem BO, Ali O. Cadmium effect on physiological responses of the tolerant Chlorophyta specie Picocystis sp. isolated from Tunisian wastewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:1803-1810. [PMID: 27796988 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd) (0-800 μM) on the growth, the photosynthetic performance, and the biochemical parameters of the Chlorophyta Picocystis sp. during 3 and 9 days. Results showed that this exposure did not inhibit the Picocystis growth during the first 3 days of treatment. Growth inhibition did not exceed 53%, which was recorded at high Cd concentrations (800 μM) after nine exposure days. Moreover, no inhibitory effect on the Picocystis sp. photosynthesis has been recorded during the three exposure days regardless the Cd concentrations. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased at high Cd concentrations (500 and 800 μM) by 40 and 80%, respectively. Furthermore, the highest Cd concentration enhanced the thiol protein content, indicating no consequent protein oxidation. The exposure of Picocystis to Cd stimulated the antioxidant activities of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. These results showed that Picocystis sp. has an impressive tolerance to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Ali Rihab
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Interfaces, Faculty of Medicine, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
- National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Team of Microalgal Biotechnology, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Ben Ouada Sabrine
- National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Team of Microalgal Biotechnology, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Sfax Center of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Chouchene Lina
- UR 09/30: Genetic and Biodiversity, Institute of Biotechnology, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Messaoudi Imed
- UR 09/30: Genetic and Biodiversity, Institute of Biotechnology, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ben Ouada Hatem
- National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Team of Microalgal Biotechnology, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Sfax Center of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Othmane Ali
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Interfaces, Faculty of Medicine, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
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Borisova G, Chukina N, Maleva M, Kumar A, Prasad MNV. Thiols as biomarkers of heavy metal tolerance in the aquatic macrophytes of Middle Urals, Russia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:1037-45. [PMID: 27167595 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1183572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic macrophytes, viz. Sagittaria sagittifolia L., Lemna gibba L., Elodea canadensis Michx., Batrachium trichophyllum (Chaix.) Bosch., Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Potamogeton sp. (P. perfoliatus L., P. alpinus Balb., P. crispus L., P. berchtoldii Fieber, P. friesii Rupr., P. pectinatus L.) were collected from 11 sites for determining their metal accumulation and thiols content. Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Mn(2+), Zn(2+), and Fe(3+) exceeded maximum permissible concentrations in chosen sites. Significant transfer of metals from water to leaves is observed in the order of Ni(2+) < Cu(2+) < Zn(2+) < Fe(3+) < Mn(2+). The maximum variation of bioconcentration factor was noticed for manganese. The accumulation of heavy metals in leaves was correlated with non-protein and protein thiols, confirming their important role in metal tolerance. The largest contribution was provided by Cu(2+) (on the average r = 0.88, p < 0.05), which obviously can be explained as an important role of these ions in thiols synthesis. Increased synthesis of thiols in the leaves allows the usage of SH-containing compounds as biomarkers of metal tolerance. Considering accumulation of metals and tolerance, B. trichophyllum, C. demersum and L. gibba are the most suitable species for phytoremediation of highly multimetal contamination, while E. canadensis and some species of Potamageton are suitable for moderately metal-polluted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Borisova
- a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia
| | - Nadezda Chukina
- a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia
| | - Maria Maleva
- a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia
| | - M N V Prasad
- a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia
- b Department of Plant Sciences , University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India
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Thomas G, Andresen E, Mattusch J, Hubáček T, Küpper H. Deficiency and toxicity of nanomolar copper in low irradiance-A physiological and metalloproteomic study in the aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 177:226-236. [PMID: 27309311 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Essential trace elements (Cu(2+), Zn(2+), etc) lead to toxic effects above a certain threshold, which is a major environmental problem in many areas of the world. Here, environmentally relevant sub-micromolar concentrations of Cu(2+) and simulations of natural light and temperature cycles were applied to the aquatic macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum a s a model for plant shoots. In this low irradiance study resembling non-summer conditions, growth was optimal in the range 7.5-35nM Cu, while PSII activity (Fv/Fm) was maximal around 7.5nM Cu. Damage to the light harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) was the first target of Cu toxicity (>50nM Cu) where Cu replaced Mg in the LHCII-trimers. This was associated with a subsequent decrease of Chl a as well as heat dissipation (NPQ). The growth rate was decreased from the first week of Cu deficiency. Plastocyanin malfunction due to the lack of Cu that is needed for its active centre was the likely cause of diminished electron flow through PSII (ΦPSII). The pigment decrease added to the damage in the photosynthetic light reactions. These mechanisms ultimately resulted in decrease of starch and oxygen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Thomas
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Elisa Andresen
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, Biology Centre of the ASCR, Branišovská 31/1160, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jürgen Mattusch
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstr. 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tomáš Hubáček
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Department of Hydrochemistry and Ecosystem Modelling, Biology Centre of the ASCR, Na Sádkách 7, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; SoWa National Research Infrastructure, Biology Centre of the ASCR, Na Sádkách 7, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Hendrik Küpper
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, Biology Centre of the ASCR, Branišovská 31/1160, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Biological Science, Branišovská 31/1160, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Kandziora-Ciupa M, Ciepał R, Nadgórska-Socha A, Barczyk G. Accumulation of heavy metals and antioxidant responses in Pinus sylvestris L. needles in polluted and non-polluted sites. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:970-81. [PMID: 27033856 PMCID: PMC4879171 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, iron, manganese, lead and zinc) in current-year, 1-year old and 2-year old needles of Pinus sylvestris L. Trees were from three heavily polluted (immediate vicinity of zinc smelter, iron smelter and power plant) and three relatively clean sites (nature reserve, ecologically clean site and unprotected natural forest community) in southern Poland. Analysis also concerned the antioxidant response and contents of protein, proline, total glutathione, non-protein thiols and activity of guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) in the needles. Generally, in pine needles from the polluted sites, the concentrations of the metals were higher and increased with the age of needles, and in most cases, antioxidant responses also were elevated. The highest levels of Cd, Pb and Zn were found in 2-year old pine needles collected near the polluted zinc smelter (respectively: 6.15, 256.49, 393.5 mg kg(-1)), Fe in 2-year old pine needles in the vicinity of the iron smelter (206.82 mg kg(-1)) and Mn in 2-year old needles at the ecologically clean site (180.32 mg kg(-1)). Positive correlations were found between Fe, Mn and Pb and the content of proteins and NPTs, between Cd and non-protein -SH groups, and between Zn and proline levels. The activity of GPX increased under the influence of Mn, while glutathione levels tended to decrease as Mn levels rose. The data obtained show that the levels of protein and non-protein -SH groups may be useful in biological monitoring, and that these ecophysiological parameters seem to be good evidence of elevated oxidative stress caused by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryszard Ciepał
- Department of Ecology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Gabriela Barczyk
- Department of Ecology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
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Jiang QY, Zhuo F, Long SH, Zhao HD, Yang DJ, Ye ZH, Li SS, Jing YX. Can arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce Cd uptake and alleviate Cd toxicity of Lonicera japonica grown in Cd-added soils? Sci Rep 2016; 6:21805. [PMID: 26892768 PMCID: PMC4759589 DOI: 10.1038/srep21805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi--Glomus versiforme (Gv) and Rhizophagus intraradices (Ri) on the growth, Cd uptake, antioxidant indices [glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate (ASA), glutathione (GSH) and malonaldehyde (MDA)] and phytochelatins (PCs) production of Lonicera japonica in Cd-amended soils. Gv and Ri significantly increased P acquisition, biomass of shoots and roots at all Cd treatments. Gv significantly decreased Cd concentrations in shoots and roots, and Ri also obviously reduced Cd concentrations in shoots but increased Cd concentrations in roots. Meanwhile, activities of CAT, APX and GR, and contents of ASA and PCs were remarkably higher in Gv/Ri-inoculated plants than those of uninoculated plants, but lower MDA and GSH contents in Gv/Ri-inoculated plants were found. In conclusion, Gv and Ri symbiosis alleviated Cd toxicity of L. japonica through the decline of shoot Cd concentrations and the improvement of P nutrition, PCs content and activities of GR, CAT, APX in inoculated plants, and then improved plant growth. The decrease of shoot Cd concentrations in L. japonica inoculated with Gv/Ri would provide a clue for safe production of this plant from Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Hui Long
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Di Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Jing Yang
- Guangzhou Research Academy of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510620, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hong Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Shan Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Xiao Jing
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
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Singh S, Parihar P, Singh R, Singh VP, Prasad SM. Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants: Role of Transcriptomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Ionomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1143. [PMID: 26904030 PMCID: PMC4744854 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 434] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of soil and water causing toxicity/stress has become one important constraint to crop productivity and quality. This situation has further worsened by the increasing population growth and inherent food demand. It has been reported in several studies that counterbalancing toxicity due to heavy metal requires complex mechanisms at molecular, biochemical, physiological, cellular, tissue, and whole plant level, which might manifest in terms of improved crop productivity. Recent advances in various disciplines of biological sciences such as metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, etc., have assisted in the characterization of metabolites, transcription factors, and stress-inducible proteins involved in heavy metal tolerance, which in turn can be utilized for generating heavy metal-tolerant crops. This review summarizes various tolerance strategies of plants under heavy metal toxicity covering the role of metabolites (metabolomics), trace elements (ionomics), transcription factors (transcriptomics), various stress-inducible proteins (proteomics) as well as the role of plant hormones. We also provide a glance of some strategies adopted by metal-accumulating plants, also known as "metallophytes."
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Parul Parihar
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Rachana Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Vijay P. Singh
- Department of Botany, Government Ramanuj Pratap Singhdev Post Graduate College, Sarguja UniversityBaikunthpur, India
| | - Sheo M. Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
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Zhao L, Li T, Yu H, Chen G, Zhang X, Zheng Z, Li J. Changes in chemical forms, subcellular distribution, and thiol compounds involved in Pb accumulation and detoxification in Athyrium wardii (Hook.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:12676-12688. [PMID: 25913310 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4464-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Athyrium wardii is one of the dominant plant species flourishing on the Pb-Zn mine tailings in Sichuan Province, China. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the chemical forms, subcellular distribution, and thiol compounds in A. wardii under different Pb treatments. The results showed that plants of the mining ecotype (ME) of A. wardii were more tolerant to Pb than those of the non-mining ecotype (NME) in spite of accumulation of higher Pb concentrations. The Pb concentrations in shoots and roots of the ME were 3.2∼8.6 times and 3.0∼24.6 times higher than those of the NME, respectively. The ME was more efficient in Pb uptake than the NME. Moreover, 27.8∼39.0% of the total Pb in ME was sodium chloride (NaCl) extractable and 38.0∼48.5% was acetic acid (HAc) extractable, whereas only a minority of total Pb was in ethanol and H2O extractable. In subcellular level, 77.4∼88.8% of total Pb was stored in the cell walls of ME and 9.0∼18.9% in soluble fractions. Increasing Pb concentrations enhanced sequestration of Pb into the cell walls and soluble fractions of ME tissues to protect organelles against Pb. Synthesis of non-protein thiols (NP-SH) and phytochelatins (PCs) in roots of ME significantly enhanced in response to Pb stress, and significant increases in glutathione (GSH) were observed in shoots of ME. Higher levels of NP-SH, GSH, and PCs were observed in roots of the ME comparing with NME, especially under high Pb treatments. The results indicated that Pb was localized mainly in cell wall and soluble fraction of ME plants with low biological activity by cell wall deposition and vacuolar compartmentalization, which might be the important adapted Pb detoxification mechanisms of ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Tripathi P, Singh PC, Mishra A, Tripathi RD, Nautiyal CS. Trichoderma inoculation augments grain amino acids and mineral nutrients by modulating arsenic speciation and accumulation in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 117:72-80. [PMID: 25839184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma reesei is an industrially important fungi which also imparts stress tolerance and plant growth promotion in various crops. Arsenic (As) contamination of field soils is one of the challenging problems in agriculture, posing potential threats for both human health and the environment. Plants in association with microbes are a liable method to improve metal tolerance and enhance crop productivity. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), is an important grain legume providing cheap source of protein in semi-arid regions including As affected areas. In this study we report the role of T. reesei NBRI 0716 (NBRI 0716) in supporting chickpea growth and improving soil quality in As simulated conditions. NBRI 0716 modulated the As speciation and its availability to improve grain yield and quality (amino acids and mineral content) in chickpea (C. arietinum L.) plants grown in As spiked soil (100 mg As kg(-1) soil). Arsenic accumulation and speciation results indicate that arsenate [As(V)] was the dominant species in chickpea seeds and rhizosphere soil. The Trichoderma reduced total grain inorganic As (Asi) by 66% and enhanced dimethylarsonic acid (DMA) and monomethylarsinic acid (MMA) content of seed and rhizosphere soil. The results indicate a probable role of NBRI 0716 in As methylation as the possible mechanism for maneuvering As stress in chickpea. Analysis of functional diversity using carbon source utilization (Biolog) showed significant difference in diversity and evenness indices among the soil microbial rhizosphere communities. Microbial diversity loss caused by As were prevented in the presence of Trichoderma NBRI 0716.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Poonam C Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Aradhana Mishra
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Rudra D Tripathi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India.
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Li X, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Yang S, Sun X, Yang Y. Physiological and proteomics analyses reveal the mechanism of Eichhornia crassipes tolerance to high-concentration cadmium stress compared with Pistia stratiotes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124304. [PMID: 25886466 PMCID: PMC4401520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution is an environmental problem worldwide. Phytoremediation is a convenient method of removing Cd from both soil and water, but its efficiency is still low, especially in aquatic environments. Scientists have been trying to improve the ability of plants to absorb and accumulate Cd based on interactions between plants and Cd, especially the mechanism by which plants resist Cd. Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes are aquatic plants commonly used in the phytoremediation of heavy metals. In the present study, we conducted physiological and biochemical analyses to compare the resistance of these two species to Cd stress at 100 mg/L. E. crassipes showed stronger resistance and was therefore used for subsequent comparative proteomics to explore the potential mechanism of E. crassipes tolerance to Cd stress at the protein level. The expression patterns of proteins in different functional categories revealed that the physiological activities and metabolic processes of E. crassipes were affected by exposure to Cd stress. However, when some proteins related to these processes were negatively inhibited, some analogous proteins were induced to compensate for the corresponding functions. As a result, E. crassipes could maintain more stable physiological parameters than P. stratiotes. Many stress-resistance substances and proteins, such as proline and heat shock proteins (HSPs) and post translational modifications, were found to be involved in the protection and repair of functional proteins. In addition, antioxidant enzymes played important roles in ROS detoxification. These findings will facilitate further understanding of the potential mechanism of plant response to Cd stress at the protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Li
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanli Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Shihai Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xudong Sun
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Yongping Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
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Wang Y, Zhao Z, Deng M, Liu R, Niu S, Fan G. Identification and functional analysis of microRNAs and their targets in Platanus acerifolia under lead (Pb) stress. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:7098-111. [PMID: 25830479 PMCID: PMC4425006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16047098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important regulatory roles in development and stress responses in plants. Lead (Pb) is a non-essential element that is highly toxic to living organisms. Platanus acerifolia is grown as a street tree in cities throughout temperate regions for its importance in improving the urban ecological environment. MiRNAs that respond to abiotic stresses have been identified in plants; however, until now, the influence of Pb stress on P. acerifolia miRNAs has not been reported. To identify miRNAs and predict their target genes under Pb stress, two small RNA and two degradome libraries were constructed from Pb-treated and Pb-free leaves of P.acerifolia seedlings. After sequencing, 55 known miRNAs and 129 novel miRNAs were obtained, and 104 target genes for the miRNAs were identified by degradome sequencing. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were performed to predict the functions of the targets. The expressions of eight differentially expressed miRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). This is the first report about P. acerifolia miRNAs and their target genes under Pb stress. This study has provided data for further research into molecular mechanisms involved in resistance of P.acerifolia to Pb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlong Wang
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Zhenli Zhao
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Minjie Deng
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Rongning Liu
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Henan Vocational College of Agriculture, Zhengzhou 451450, China.
| | - Suyan Niu
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Guoqiang Fan
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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Kumar S, Asif MH, Chakrabarty D, Tripathi RD, Dubey RS, Trivedi PK. Comprehensive analysis of regulatory elements of the promoters of rice sulfate transporter gene family and functional characterization of OsSul1;1 promoter under different metal stress. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e990843. [PMID: 25807334 PMCID: PMC4622619 DOI: 10.4161/15592324.2014.990843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Adverse environmental conditions including heavy metal stress impose severe effects on the plant growth and development limiting productivity and yield. Studies demonstrated that changes in genome-wide expression modulate various biochemical processes and molecular components in response to heavy metal stress in plants. Some of the key components involved in such a regulation are the transcription initiation machinery, nucleotide sequence of promoters and presence of cis-acting elements. Therefore, identification of the putative cis-acting DNA sequences involved in gene regulation and functional characterization of promoters are important steps in understanding response of plants to heavy metal stress. In this study, comprehensive analysis of the proximal promoters of members of rice sulfate transporter gene family which is an essential component of stress response has been carried out. Analysis suggests presence of various common stress related cis-acting elements in the promoters of members of this gene family. In addition, transcriptional regulation of the arsenic-responsive high affinity sulfate transporter, OsSul1;1, has been studied through development of Arabidopsis transgenic lines expressing reporter gene encoding β-glucuronidase under the control of OsSul1;1 promoter. Analysis of the transgenic lines suggests differential response of the OsSul1;1 promoter to various heavy metals as well as other abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI); Lucknow, India
- Present address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Mehar Hasan Asif
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI); Lucknow, India
| | | | | | - Rama Shanker Dubey
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi, India
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Komatsu S, Kamal AHM, Hossain Z. Wheat proteomics: proteome modulation and abiotic stress acclimation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:684. [PMID: 25538718 PMCID: PMC4259124 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cellular mechanisms of stress sensing and signaling represent the initial plant responses to adverse conditions. The development of high-throughput "Omics" techniques has initiated a new era of the study of plant molecular strategies for adapting to environmental changes. However, the elucidation of stress adaptation mechanisms in plants requires the accurate isolation and characterization of stress-responsive proteins. Because the functional part of the genome, namely the proteins and their post-translational modifications, are critical for plant stress responses, proteomic studies provide comprehensive information about the fine-tuning of cellular pathways that primarily involved in stress mitigation. This review summarizes the major proteomic findings related to alterations in the wheat proteomic profile in response to abiotic stresses. Moreover, the strengths and weaknesses of different sample preparation techniques, including subcellular protein extraction protocols, are discussed in detail. The continued development of proteomic approaches in combination with rapidly evolving bioinformatics tools and interactive databases will facilitate understanding of the plant mechanisms underlying stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setsuko Komatsu
- National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba, Japan
| | - Abu H. M. Kamal
- National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba, Japan
| | - Zahed Hossain
- Plant Stress Biology Lab, Department of Botany, West Bengal State UniversityKolkata, India
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Sebastian A, Prasad MNV. Vertisol prevent cadmium accumulation in rice: analysis by ecophysiological toxicity markers. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 108:85-92. [PMID: 24875916 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Alfisol and vertisol cover more than fifty percent of rice fields in Asia. Rice cultivated in these soils is found to be contaminated with cadmium (Cd). Influence of physiochemical properties of these soils on Cd accumulation and ecophysiological functions of Oryza sativa L. cv MTU 7029 and MO 16 were analyzed. Plants grown in vertisol accumulated lower amount of Cd compare with those in alfisol. Soil properties such as cation exchange capacity and alkalinity played major role in decrease in Cd accumulation. Difference in Cd accumulation also reflected as more decrease in ecophysiological components such as biomass, relative water content and non-photochemical quenching among plants grown in alfisol. Plants grown in vertisol produced more flavanols, chlorophyll, anthocyanin, sugar, and protein than those in alfisol under Cd stress. But phenolic content was higher in plants grown in alfisol. Quantum efficiency of PSII, thiols, and silicon was increased while carotenes and calcium were decreased upon Cd accumulation. These changes were irrespective of soil type. Among the varieties chosen for the study, MTU 7029 accumulated more Cd compare with MO 16. It was concluded that soil properties caused difference in Cd accumulation among the plants grown in soils chosen and this would differentially reflect on specific ecophysiological markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abin Sebastian
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - M N V Prasad
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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Heterologous expression of Ceratophyllum demersum phytochelatin synthase, CdPCS1, in rice leads to lower arsenic accumulation in grain. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5784. [PMID: 25048298 PMCID: PMC4105706 DOI: 10.1038/srep05784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified rice (Oryza sativa) as a major dietary source of inorganic arsenic (As) and poses a significant human health risk. The predominant model for plant detoxification of heavy metals is complexation of heavy metals with phytochelatins (PCs), synthesized non-translationally by PC synthase (PCS) and compartmentalized in vacuoles. In this study, in order to restrict As in the rice roots as a detoxification mechanism, a transgenic approach has been followed through expression of phytochelatin synthase, CdPCS1, from Ceratophyllum demersum, an aquatic As-accumulator plant. CdPCS1 expressing rice transgenic lines showed marked increase in PCS activity and enhanced synthesis of PCs in comparison to non-transgenic plant. Transgenic lines showed enhanced accumulation of As in root and shoot. This enhanced metal accumulation potential of transgenic lines was positively correlated to the content of PCs, which also increased several-fold higher in transgenic lines. However, all the transgenic lines accumulated significantly lower As in grain and husk in comparison to non-transgenic plant. The higher level of PCs in transgenic plants relative to non-transgenic presumably allowed sequestering and detoxification of higher amounts of As in roots and shoots, thereby restricting its accumulation in grain.
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Mishra S, Stärk HJ, Küpper H. A different sequence of events than previously reported leads to arsenic-induced damage in Ceratophyllum demersum L. Metallomics 2014; 6:444-54. [PMID: 24382492 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00317e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a common pollutant, and still many questions remain concerning As toxicity mechanisms under environmentally relevant conditions in plants. Here we investigated thresholds and interactions of various proposed As toxicity mechanisms. Experiments were done under environmentally pertinent conditions in the rootless aquatic macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum L., a model for plant shoots. Arsenic (provided as As(v)) inhibited plant metabolism at much lower concentrations and with a different sequence of events than previously reported. The first observed effect of toxicity was a decrease in pigment concentration, it started even at 0.5 μM As. In contrast to toxic metals, no inhibition of the photosystem II reaction centre (PSIIRC; measured as Fv/Fm) was found at sublethal As concentrations. Instead, the decrease in light harvesting pigments caused a less efficient exciton transfer towards the PSIIRC. At higher As concentrations this led to increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) by light harvesting complex II (LHCII). Afterwards, photosynthetic electron transport decreased, but the increase in starch content indicated stronger inhibition of starch consumption than production. At lethal As concentration, photosynthesis was completely inhibited, its malfunction caused oxidative stress and not the other way round as reported previously. Photosynthesis was inhibited before any sign of oxidative stress was observed. Elevated phosphate drastically shifted thresholds of lethal As effects, not only by the known uptake competition but also by modifying uptake regulation and intracellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Mishra
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, Postbox M631, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany.
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Duman F, Koca FD. Single and combined effects of exposure concentration and duration on biological responses of Ceratophyllum demersum L. exposed to Cr species. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2014; 16:1192-208. [PMID: 24933911 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.821450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to demonstrate the ways in which two chromium species, Cr (III) and Cr (VI), can affect various physiological and biochemical parameters in the plant Ceratophyllum demersum L., and to evaluate the single and combined impact of exposure concentration and duration. C. demersum was exposed to Cr (III) and Cr (VI) at a variety of concentrations (1, 2, 5, and 10 mM) and for differing durations (1, 2, 4, and 7 days), after which Cr accumulation, relative growth rate (RGR), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, electrical conductivity (EC), photosynthetic pigmentation, proline content and antioxidant enzyme activities were examined. The single and combined effects of exposure duration and Cr concentration on each parameter were determined using a two-way analysis of variance. For both the Cr (III) and Cr (VI) applications, it was observed that concentration had a significant effect on all parameters assessed. However, duration had no statistically significant effect on proline content in the Cr (III) application, or on MDA and protein content in the Cr (VI) application. It was determined that concentration exerted greater effects than duration for both Cr species studied. In addition, the results indicated that duration and concentration had a synergistic effect on variations of RGR, EC, protein content, and antioxidant enzyme activities in both the Cr (III) and Cr (VI) applications. These results may be useful when planning further phytoremediation and plant biotechnology studies.
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Shukla D, Kesari R, Tiwari M, Dwivedi S, Tripathi RD, Nath P, Trivedi PK. Expression of Ceratophyllum demersum phytochelatin synthase, CdPCS1, in Escherichia coli and Arabidopsis enhances heavy metal(loid)s accumulation. PROTOPLASMA 2013; 250:1263-72. [PMID: 23702817 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-013-0508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytochelatin synthase (PCS) gene encoding key enzyme for heavy metal detoxification and accumulation has been characterised from different sources and used to develop a technology for bioremediation. Past efforts provided limited success and contradictory results. Therefore, functional characterisation of PCS gene from new sources into different target systems is considered as an important task in the area of bioremediation. Earlier, we isolated and functionally characterised PCS gene from an aquatic macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum L., a metal accumulator aquatic plant. Expression of this gene, CdPCS1, in tobacco enhanced PC synthesis and metal accumulation of transgenic tobacco plants. In the present study, we have expressed CdPCS1 in more diverse systems, Escherichia coli and Arabidopsis, and studied growth and metal accumulation of transgenic organisms. The expression of CdPCS1 in E. coli offered tolerance against cadmium as well as higher accumulation accompanied with PCS1 activity. The expression of CdPCS1 in Arabidopsis showed a significant enhanced accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in aerial parts without significant difference in growth parameters in comparison to wild-type Arabidopsis plants. Our study suggests that CdPCS1 can be utilised for enhancing bioremediation potential of different organisms using biotechnological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Shukla
- National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
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Mishra S, Wellenreuther G, Mattusch J, Stärk HJ, Küpper H. Speciation and distribution of arsenic in the nonhyperaccumulator macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 163:1396-408. [PMID: 24058164 PMCID: PMC3813659 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.224303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although arsenic (As) is a common pollutant worldwide, many questions about As metabolism in nonhyperaccumulator plants remain. Concentration- and tissue-dependent speciation and distribution of As was analyzed in the aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum to understand As metabolism in nonhyperaccumulator plants. Speciation was analyzed chromatographically (high-performance liquid chromatography-[inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry]-[electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry]) in whole-plant extracts and by tissue-resolution confocal x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy in intact shock-frozen hydrated leaves, which were also used for analyzing cellular element distribution through x-ray fluorescence. Chromatography revealed up to 20 As-containing species binding more than 60% of accumulated As. Of these, eight were identified as thiol-bound (phytochelatins [PCs], glutathione, and cysteine) species, including three newly identified complexes: Cys-As(III)-PC2, Cys-As-(GS)2, and GS-As(III)-desgly-PC2. Confocal x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy showed arsenate, arsenite, As-(GS)3, and As-PCs with varying ratios in various tissues. The epidermis of mature leaves contained the highest proportion of thiol (mostly PC)-bound As, while in younger leaves, a lower proportion of As was thiol bound. At higher As concentrations, the percentage of unbound arsenite increased in the vein and mesophyll of young mature leaves. At the same time, x-ray fluorescence showed an increase of total As in the vein and mesophyll but not in the epidermis of young mature leaves, while this was reversed for zinc distribution. Thus, As toxicity was correlated with a change in As distribution pattern and As species rather than a general increase in many tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerd Wellenreuther
- Universität Konstanz, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion, Fachbereich Biologie, D–78457 Konstanz, Germany (S.M., H.K.)
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, D–04318 Leipzig, Germany (S.M., J.M., H.-J.S.)
- HASYLAB at DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany (G.W.); and
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Institute of Physical Biology, CZ–370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic (H.K.)
| | - Jürgen Mattusch
- Universität Konstanz, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion, Fachbereich Biologie, D–78457 Konstanz, Germany (S.M., H.K.)
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, D–04318 Leipzig, Germany (S.M., J.M., H.-J.S.)
- HASYLAB at DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany (G.W.); and
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Institute of Physical Biology, CZ–370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic (H.K.)
| | - Hans-Joachim Stärk
- Universität Konstanz, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion, Fachbereich Biologie, D–78457 Konstanz, Germany (S.M., H.K.)
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, D–04318 Leipzig, Germany (S.M., J.M., H.-J.S.)
- HASYLAB at DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany (G.W.); and
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Institute of Physical Biology, CZ–370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic (H.K.)
| | - Hendrik Küpper
- Universität Konstanz, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion, Fachbereich Biologie, D–78457 Konstanz, Germany (S.M., H.K.)
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, D–04318 Leipzig, Germany (S.M., J.M., H.-J.S.)
- HASYLAB at DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany (G.W.); and
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Institute of Physical Biology, CZ–370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic (H.K.)
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