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Liu W, Wang S, He S, Shi Y, Hou C, Jiang X, Song Y, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Shen Z. Enzyme modified biodegradable plastic preparation and performance in anaerobic co-digestion with food waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 401:130739. [PMID: 38670291 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
A modified biodegradable plastic (PLA/PBAT) was developed by through covalent bonding with proteinase K, porcine pancreatic lipase, or amylase, and was then investigated in anaerobic co-digestion mixed with food waste. Fluorescence microscope validated that enzymes could remain stable in modified the plastic, even after co-digestion. The results of thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion showed that, degradation of the plastic modified with Proteinase K increased from 5.21 ± 0.63 % to 29.70 ± 1.86 % within 30 days compare to blank. Additionally, it was observed that the cumulative methane production increased from 240.9 ± 0.5 to 265.4 ± 1.8 mL/gVS, and the methane production cycle was shortened from 24 to 20 days. Interestingly, the kinetic model suggested that the modified the plastic promoted the overall hydrolysis progression of anaerobic co-digestion, possibly as a result of the enhanced activities of Bacteroidota and Thermotogota. In conclusion, under anaerobic co-digestion, the modified the plastic not only achieved effective degradation but also facilitated the co-digestion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Liu
- Institute of New Rural Development, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Shizhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China; Shanghai Research Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Songting He
- Institute of New Rural Development, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yang Shi
- Institute of New Rural Development, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China; Shanghai Research Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xintong Jiang
- Institute of New Rural Development, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yuanbo Song
- Institute of New Rural Development, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China; Shanghai Research Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- Institute of New Rural Development, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Rural Toilet and SewageTreatment Technology, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China; Shanghai Research Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Shen
- Institute of New Rural Development, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Rural Toilet and SewageTreatment Technology, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China; Shanghai Research Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
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Dar RA, Phutela UG. Improvement of Asterarcys quadricellulare biomass solubilization and subsequent biogas production via pretreatment approaches: structural changes and kinetic modeling evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:58450-58465. [PMID: 36977882 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26555-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of enzymatic and hydrothermal pretreatment approaches on the solubilization of organic matter, structure, and biogas yield from microalgal biomass. The soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) concentration increased by 1.21-3.30- and 5.54-6.60-fold compared to control by enzymatic and hydrothermal pretreatments respectively. The hydrothermal pretreatment affected the structural changes in the microalgal biomass markedly; nonetheless, increased enzymatic concentration also had a definite effect on it as determined by qualitative approaches like scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Also, the hydrothermal pretreatment (100 °C for 30 min) resulted in the highest biogas production potential (P) of 765.37 mLg-1 VS at a maximum biogas production rate (Rm) of 22.66 mLg-1 day-1 with a very short lag phase (λ) of 0.07 days. The biogas production of pretreated microalgal biomass particularly at higher enzyme dose (20%, 24 h) and higher hydrothermal pretreatment temperature (120 °C, 30 min) showed a significant but weak correlation (R = 0.53) with sCOD, thus demonstrating that the less organic matter was used up for the biogas production. The modified Gompertz model explained the anaerobic digestion of microalgal biomass more accurately and had a better fit to the experimental data comparatively because of the low root mean square error (3.259-16.728), residual sum of squares (78.887-177.025), and Akaike's Information Criterion (38.605-62.853).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouf Ahmad Dar
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
| | - Urmila Gupta Phutela
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
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Effects of High Temperature & Pressure Pretreatment Process on Methane Production from Cyanobacteria. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Desertifilum tharense cyanobacteria, which has energy generation potential, was firstly isolated from the water sources from Denizli/Turkey, the culture-specific parameters were identified, characterization analyses were performed, and the production in photoreactors under laboratory conditions was performed. D. tharense cyanobacterium was subjected to a high temperature–pressure pretreatment process (HTPP) to increase methane production efficiency, and the pretreatment process was optimized for methane production. D. tharense had a total carbon (C) content of 50.2% and total organic carbon content (TOC) of 48.9%. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) of the raw D. tharense sample was measured as 261.8 mL methane (CH4) per gram of volatile solids (VS). In order to investigate the effects of HTPP and to determine the optimum process conditions, Central Composite Design (CCD) approach-based Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used. BMP values of the samples treated with HTTP were measured in the range of 201.5–235 mLCH4 gVS−1 and lower than the raw sample. These results revealed that the HTPP is not suitable for the production of biofuel methane from D. tharense. The optimization of the HTPP was carried out by Design Expert software. For maximum BMP production, the software proposed a reaction temperature of 200 °C and a reaction time of 20 min as optimum conditions. With the proposed model, it was estimated that 227.1 mLCH4 g VS−1 methane could be produced under these conditions, and 211.4 mLCH4 g VS−1 methane was produced in the validation experiment. It was determined that D. tharense cyanobacterium could be used as a suitable biomass source for methane production. However, it was not necessary to use the HTTP as a pretreatment process prior to the methane production.
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Silveira EO, Felizzola NM, Hickmann EV, Konrad O, Lutterbeck CA, Machado ÊL, Rodrigues LR. Energy recovery by anaerobic digestion of algal biomass from integrated microalgae/constructed wetland wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:13317-13326. [PMID: 36131177 PMCID: PMC9491671 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the potential for biogas generation from microalgae (MA) biomass and macrophytes used in vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCW). The samples were obtained by separation and collection of MA after a hydraulic retention time of 14 days, frozen and taken to the laboratory, while the macrophytes of VFCW were obtained, by pruning, every 6 months. The obtained results presented reductions of 63.22% and 61.18% for COD and BOD5, respectively, and removal efficiencies of 53.91% for TP and 99.98% de N-NH3. Average biogas generation was 2322.51 NmL-gSV-1 with 54.61% CH4 (winter/2019), 4491.47 Nml-gSV-1 with 57.17% CH4 (spring/2019), 680.78 NmL-gSV-1 with 16.04% CH4 (summer/2020), and 681.0 NmL-gSV-1 with 19.86% CH4 (autumn/2020) for MA biomass and generation of biogas of 3826.70 NmL-gSV-1 with 44.26% CH4 for VFCW biomass in winter and spring/2019 and of 829.68 NmL-gSV-1 with 17.06% CH4 in summer and autumn/2020. Regarding electricity generation, the present work obtained 1.50 kWh/m3, therefore reaching similar values to other studies that used more traditional biomass sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizandro Oliveira Silveira
- Laboratory of Ecotechnology and Applied Limnology, Institute of Hydraulic Research - IPH - Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia Mendes Felizzola
- Laboratory of Ecotechnology and Applied Limnology, Institute of Hydraulic Research - IPH - Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eugênia Vargas Hickmann
- Research Center On Energy and Sustainable Technologies - CPETS - University of Vale Do Taquari-UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Odorico Konrad
- Research Center On Energy and Sustainable Technologies - CPETS - University of Vale Do Taquari-UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Lutterbeck
- Laboratory of Ecotechnology and Applied Limnology, Institute of Hydraulic Research - IPH - Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ênio Leandro Machado
- Graduate Program in Environmental Technology, University of Santa Cruz Do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz Do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Ribeiro Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Ecotechnology and Applied Limnology, Institute of Hydraulic Research - IPH - Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Chen H, Xia A, Zhu X, Huang Y, Zhu X, Liao Q. Hydrothermal hydrolysis of algal biomass for biofuels production: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126213. [PMID: 34715338 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal hydrolysis is an energy-efficient and economical pretreatment technology to disrupt the algal cells and hydrolyze the intracellular compounds, thereby promoting the biofuels production of fermentation. However, complex reaction mechanisms, unpredictable rheological properties of algal slurry, and immature continuous reactors still constrain the commercialization of such a process. To systematically understand the existing status and lay a foundation for promoting the technology, the chemical mechanism of hydrothermal hydrolysis of algal biomass is elaborated in this paper, and the influences of temperature, residence time, total solid content, and pH, on the biomethane production of hydrolyzed algal biomass are summarized. Besides, a comprehensive overview of the rheological behavior of algal slurries is discussed at various operational factors. The recent advances in flow, heat and mass transfer model coupling with the generic kinetics model in continuous reactors and the application of energy-saving strategies for efficient algal biomass pretreatment are detailed reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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Yan W, Xu H, Lu D, Zhou Y. Effects of sludge thermal hydrolysis pretreatment on anaerobic digestion and downstream processes: mechanism, challenges and solutions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126248. [PMID: 34743996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP), as a step prior to sludge anaerobic digestion (AD), is widely applied due to its effectiveness in enhancing organic solids hydrolysis and subsequent biogas productivity. However, THP also induces a series of problems including formation of refractory compounds in THP cylinder, high residual ammonia and organic in the AD centrate, inhibition on downstream nitrogen removal process and reduction in UV-disinfection effectiveness during post-treatment. More attention should be paid on how to mitigate these negative effects. Despite intensive studies were carried out to reduce refractory compounds formation and enhance biological performance, there is limited effort to discuss the solutions to tackle the THP associated problems in a holistic manner. This paper summarizes the solutions developed to date and analyzes their technology readiness to assess application potential in full-scale settings. The content highlights the limitations of THP and proposes potential solutions to address the technological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangwang Yan
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Hui Xu
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Dan Lu
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhou
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
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Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is associated with various crucial variables, such as biogas yield, chemical oxygen demand, and volatile fatty acid concentration. Real-time monitoring of these variables can not only reflect the process of anaerobic digestion directly but also accelerate the efficiency of resource conversion and improve the stability of the reaction process. However, the current real-time monitoring equipment on the market cannot be widely used in the industrial production process due to its defects such as expensive equipment, low accuracy, and lagging analysis. Therefore, it is essential to conduct soft sensor modeling for unmeasurable variables and use auxiliary variables to realize real-time monitoring, optimization, and control of the an-aerobic digestion process. In this paper, the basic principle and process flow of anaerobic digestion are first briefly introduced. Subsequently, the development history of the traditional soft sensor is systematically reviewed, the latest development of soft sensors was detailed, and the obstacles of the soft sensor in the industrial production process are discussed. Finally, the future development trend of deep learning in soft sensors is deeply discussed, and future research directions are provided.
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Biogas from Anaerobic Digestion as an Energy Vector: Current Upgrading Development. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14102742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The present work reviews the role of biogas as advanced biofuel in the renewable energy system, summarizing the main raw materials used for biogas production and the most common technologies for biogas upgrading and delving into emerging biological methanation processes. In addition, it provides a description of current European legislative framework and the potential biomethane business models as well as the main biogas production issues to be addressed to fully deploy these upgrading technologies. Biomethane could be competitive due to negative or zero waste feedstock prices, and competitive to fossil fuels in the transport sector and power generation if upgrading technologies become cheaper and environmentally sustainable.
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Basinas P, Rusín J, Chamrádová K. Assessment of high-solid mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of mechanically-separated municipal solid waste. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110202. [PMID: 32931788 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically-sorted organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was tested to determine its biogas and biomethane generation efficiency. Methane production capability of OFMSW was examined in biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests. The factors affecting the high-solid anaerobic digestion (AD) of feedstock were investigated in a series of long-term semi-continuous digestion tests performed at dry mesophilic and thermophilic conditions in a continuously rotating drum reactor with working volume of 0.013 m3. OFMSW presented low biogas and methane generation capacity due to its contained non-biodegradable components and the low proteins and starch proportions. Dry mesophilic AD allowed only a relatively limited fraction of OFMSW volatile solids to be consumed for biogas and methane production. Reducing particle size favoured utilization of higher proportions of the available digestible organic substances, and concurrently promoted biogas and biomethane generation rate. Stability of methane generation was also significantly improved by particle downsizing. Small particles compensated the limited mass transfer and restricted distribution of methane production intermediate metabolites caused by water absence in the dry AD system. Dry thermophilic AD converted sufficient quantity of OFMSWs biodegradable content. The average methane released from dry thermophilic AD (0.176 m3kgVS-1) was higher than that of dry mesophilic AD of fine particles (0.148 m3kgVS-1) and much higher than that of dry mesophilic AD of same grain size (0.114 m3kgVS-1). High temperature proved more suitable for anaerobically digesting mechanically-sorted OFMSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Basinas
- Institute of Environmental Technology, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Rusín
- Institute of Environmental Technology, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Chamrádová
- Institute of Environmental Technology, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic.
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Magdalena JA, Greses S, González-Fernández C. Anaerobic degradation of protein-rich biomass in an UASB reactor: Organic loading rate effect on product output and microbial communities dynamics. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 274:111201. [PMID: 32798846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic degradation of enzymatically pretreated Chlorella vulgaris was aimed in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) to evaluate the organic loading rate (OLR) effect on biomass valorization. Low OLRs resulted in high methane yields (171 mL CH4/g CODin) at low hydraulic retention time (HRT of 6 days). Firmicutes (35-43%), Bacteroidetes (17-18%) and Euryarchaeota (11%) dominated at low OLRs, promoting methanogenic activity. On the contrary, the highest OLRs resulted in low methane yield (86 mL CH4/gCODin) with a concomitant short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) accumulation of 37% SCFAs-COD/CODin. The highest OLR decreased UASB reactor biodiversity, hampering Euryarchaeota population development (2.5%) and boosting Firmicutes (55%) and Proteobacteria (14%). These results demonstrated the suitability of UASB reactor configuration to reach high bioprocess efficiency for both, biogas and SCFAs production, with lower energetic and area requirements than those normally needed in continuous stirred tank reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Antonio Magdalena
- Biotechnology Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Greses
- Biotechnology Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
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Lucian M, Volpe M, Merzari F, Wüst D, Kruse A, Andreottola G, Fiori L. Hydrothermal carbonization coupled with anaerobic digestion for the valorization of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123734. [PMID: 32622280 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was evaluated as a promising treatment to enhance the biomethane potential during anaerobic digestion (AD) of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). The OFMSW was carbonized at different conditions and HTC products were tested for biomethane potential into AD. Results proved that the use of HTC liquid and slurry into AD led to an increase in biomethane production up to 37% and 363%, respectively, compared to OFMSW. Methane production increased as the HTC process severity decreased, reaching its maximum at 180 °C, 1 h for both HTC products. Energy assessment demonstrated that the combustion of biogas produced by AD of HTC liquid and slurries covers up to 30% and 104% of the HTC thermal demand, respectively. When the energy from hydrochar and biogas combustion was recovered, the process efficiency reached 60%. Hence, HTC coupled with AD demonstrates to be an efficient way to valorize OFMSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Lucian
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Volpe
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Enna, Italy
| | - Fabio Merzari
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Dominik Wüst
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy; Department of Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andrea Kruse
- Department of Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gianni Andreottola
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luca Fiori
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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12
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Díaz I, Díaz-Curbelo A, Pérez-Lemus N, Fdz-Polanco F, Pérez-Elvira SI. Traceability of organic contaminants in the sludge line of wastewater treatment plants: A comparison study among schemes incorporating thermal hydrolysis treatment and the conventional anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 305:123028. [PMID: 32114300 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The traceability of conventional pollutants and 10 organic microcontaminants in the sludge line of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was evaluated. The application of thermal hydrolysis (TH) as pre-treatment to anaerobic digestion (AD) or as inter-treatment (between two AD stages) was considered and compared with the conventional digestion scheme. TH scenarios reduced the mass flow rate of biosolids (40-60%) as well as the ratio of solids (50-100%), organic matter (5-26%) and nitrogen (8-13%) destined to biosolids. Micropollutants showed a strong tendency to accumulate in the solid phase (more than 90% were sorbed) in spite of thermal and dewatering processes, but TH scenarios exhibited greater removal efficiency (80%) in comparison to conventional AD (50%), reducing the ratio of micropollutants destined to biosolids from a conventional 48% to 7-8%. These findings reveal that TH could increase the value of biosolids from sewage sludge treatment because of greater removal of pollutants and dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alina Díaz-Curbelo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Nereida Pérez-Lemus
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Fernando Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Isabel Pérez-Elvira
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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Geng S, Song K, Li L, Xie F. Improved Algal Sludge Methane Production and Dewaterability by Zerovalent Iron-Assisted Fermentation. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6146-6152. [PMID: 32226898 PMCID: PMC7098048 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the methane production improvement of algal sludge by zerovalent iron (ZVI)-assisted anaerobic digestion. The zerovalent iron added were 0.5, 2, 5, 10, and 20 g·ZVI/g·TS (total solid). The results indicated that the addition of ZVI at 2, 5, 10, and 20 g·ZVI/g·TS has improved the methane production 1.07, 1.24, 1.41, and 1.46 times as compared with no ZVI added. The dewaterability of treated algal sludge has improved 1.06, 1.08, 1.08, and 1.11 times as compared with no ZVI addition. The biochemical methane production test results fitted to both one-substrate and two-substrate models. The one-substrate model indicated that the hydrolysis rate k has increased 8.21, 7.07, 9.39, 3.50, and 5.07 times as compared with R1 where no ZVI was added. The two-substrate model implied that the rapid hydrolysis rate k rapid values were 5.23, 4.5, 5.98, 2.23, and 3.23 times as compared with R1. The one-substrate model predicted that the value of methane production was in high correlation with the actual value (R 2 > 0.98). The addition of ZVI in algal sludge for methane production without an extra pretreatment process has improved the hydrolysis rate and methane production. This has the potential to be developed as an effective and economic technology in resource recovery from algal sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Geng
- School
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230022, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kang Song
- State
Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lu Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fazhi Xie
- School
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230022, China
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14
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Préat N, Taelman SE, De Meester S, Allais F, Dewulf J. Identification of microalgae biorefinery scenarios and development of mass and energy balance flowsheets. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Yang WW, Huang J, Pan FK. Polychlorinated biphenyls affects anaerobic methane production from waste activated sludge through suppressing hydrolysis-acidification and methanation processes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 251:109616. [PMID: 31561141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The widespread existence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in wastewater results in the retention of abundant PCB in waste activated sludge (WAS), which has become a global concern. Till now, the effects of PCB on methane production during WAS anaerobic digestion was still limited. This study aimed to investigate whether and how PCB affects methane production. Results showed that the increased PCB concentration led to the less methane produced. At the highest concentrations of PCB (100 mg/kg DS) in this study, the methane production (112 ± 6 L CH4/kg VS) was significantly reduced by 26.6 ± 0.1% compared to the control (153 ± 7 L CH4/kg VS). Correspondingly, VS destruction at the studied concentrations showed the similar trend. In addition, the dewaterability evaluation indicated that the PCB resulted in the deteriorative sludge dewaterability. The mechanism studies suggested that the decreased methane production with the increased levels of PCB was attributed to the suppression on hydrolysis-acidification and methanation processes. This also was supported by the decreasing key enzymes activities associated with methane production (protease, cellulase, acetate kinase (AK) and coenzyme F420). The relative activity of F420 at 100 mg/kg DS of PCB even reduced to 78% ± 3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Yang
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230022, PR China.
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230022, PR China
| | - Fa-Kang Pan
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230022, PR China
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16
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Wu H, Li J, Yang H, Liao Q, Fu Q, Liu Z. Hydrothermal treatment of Chlorella sp.: Influence on biochemical methane potential, microbial function and biochemical metabolism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121746. [PMID: 31323709 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the effect of hydrothermal treatment (HTT) on biochemical methane potential (BMP) of Chlorella sp. The BMP was in the range of 119.16-485.90 mLCH4/gVS, and increased by 80.31%-210.16% after HTT, while reduced 23.94% at hydrothermal treatment severity (HTS) 5.21. The cell wall was more greatly disrupted with increasing HTS, accompanied with the increase of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and fermentation inhibitors (5-HMF and more complex chemical compositions) recoveries. The reducing sugar yields were 0.94-3.65% and obtained its maximum at a retention time of 30 min. Illumina MiSeq sequencing clarified that, the phylum Chloroflexi with functions of hydrolysis and acidogenesis, decreased with increasing HTS. The family Methanosaetaceae belonging to acetoclastic methanogens, had an unexpected decrease at HTS 5.21. As the response, VFAs concentration was less than 1 g/L after biochemical metabolism, while high concentrations of VFAs and inhibitors at HTS 5.21 led to the poor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houkai Wu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhidan Liu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China.
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17
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Mauerhofer LM, Pappenreiter P, Paulik C, Seifert AH, Bernacchi S, Rittmann SKMR. Methods for quantification of growth and productivity in anaerobic microbiology and biotechnology. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2019; 64:321-360. [PMID: 30446943 PMCID: PMC6529396 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic microorganisms (anaerobes) possess a fascinating metabolic versatility. This characteristic makes anaerobes interesting candidates for physiological studies and utilizable as microbial cell factories. To investigate the physiological characteristics of an anaerobic microbial population, yield, productivity, specific growth rate, biomass production, substrate uptake, and product formation are regarded as essential variables. The determination of those variables in distinct cultivation systems may be achieved by using different techniques for sampling, measuring of growth, substrate uptake, and product formation kinetics. In this review, a comprehensive overview of methods is presented, and the applicability is discussed in the frame of anaerobic microbiology and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Maria Mauerhofer
- Archaea Physiology & Biotechnology Group, Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics Division, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Wien, Austria
| | - Patricia Pappenreiter
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian Paulik
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | | | | | - Simon K-M R Rittmann
- Archaea Physiology & Biotechnology Group, Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics Division, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Wien, Austria.
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18
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Tran T, Denimal E, Lafarge C, Journaux L, Lee JA, Winckler P, Perrier-Cornet JM, Pradelles R, Loupiac C, Cayot N. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on extraction of B-phycoerythrin from Porphyridium cruentum: Use of confocal microscopy and image processing. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.101394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Bohutskyi P, Phan D, Spierling RE, Kopachevsky AM, Bouwer EJ, Lundquist TJ, Betenbaugh MJ. Production of lipid-containing algal-bacterial polyculture in wastewater and biomethanation of lipid extracted residues: Enhancing methane yield through hydrothermal pretreatment and relieving solvent toxicity through co-digestion. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:1377-1394. [PMID: 30759577 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of generating a lipid-containing algal-bacterial polyculture biomass in municipal primary wastewater and enhancing biomethanation of lipid-extracted algal residues (LEA) through hydrothermal pretreatment and co-digestion with sewage sludge (SS) was investigated. In high-rate algal ponds, the polyculture of native algal and bacteria species demonstrated a monthly average net and gross biomass productivity of 30 ± 3 and 36 ± 3 gAFDW m-2 day-1 (summer season). The algal community was dominated by Micractinium sp. followed by Scenedesmus sp., Chlorella sp., pennate diatoms and Chlamydomonas sp. The polyculture metabolic activities resulted in average reductions of wastewater volatile suspended solids (VSS), carbonaceous soluble biochemical oxygen demand (csBOD5) and total nitrogen (Ntotal) of 63 ± 18%, 98 ± 1% and 76 ± 21%, respectively. Harvested biomass contained nearly 23% lipid content and an extracted blend of fatty acid methyl esters satisfied the ASTM D6751 standard for biodiesel. Anaerobic digestion of lipid extracted algal residues (LEA) demonstrated long lag-phase in methane production of 17 days and ultimate methane yield of 296 ± 2 mL/gVS (or ~50% of theoretical), likely because to its limited biodegradability and toxicity due to presence of the residual solvent (hexane). Hydrothermal pretreatment increased the ultimate methane yield and production rate by 15-30% but did not mitigate solvent toxicity effects completely leading to less substantial improvement in energy output of 5-20% and diminished Net Energy Ratio (NER < 1). In contrast, co-digestion of LEA with sewage sludge (10% to 90% ratio) was found to minimize solvent toxicity and improve methane yield enhancing the energy output ~4-fold, compared to using LEA as a single substrate, and advancing NER to 4.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Bohutskyi
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3300 Stevens Dr., Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - Duc Phan
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Cir San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Ruth E Spierling
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave., San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA; MicroBio Engineering Inc, PO Box 15821, San Luis Obispo, CA 93406, USA
| | - Anatoliy M Kopachevsky
- Department of Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering, Academy of Construction and Architecture of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, 4 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Simferopol 295007, Republic of Crimea; Water Technologies Research and Production Company, 7 Petropavlovskaya street, Simferopol 295000, Republic of Crimea; Water of the Crimea State Unitary Enterprise of the Republic of Crimea, 1а Kievskaya street, Simferopol 295053, Republic of Crimea
| | - Edward J Bouwer
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA
| | - Trygve J Lundquist
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave., San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA; MicroBio Engineering Inc, PO Box 15821, San Luis Obispo, CA 93406, USA
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA
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20
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Calicioglu O, Demirer GN. Carbon-to-nitrogen and substrate-to-inoculum ratio adjustments can improve co-digestion performance of microalgal biomass obtained from domestic wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:614-624. [PMID: 29076406 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1398784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study comparatively evaluated the effect of co-substrates on anaerobic digestion (AD) and biochemical methane potential of wastewater-derived microalgal biomass, with an emphasis on carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) and substrate-to-inoculum (S:I) ratios. A semi-continuous photobioreactor was inoculated with Chlorella vulgaris and the nutrient recovery potential was investigated. Derived microalgal slurry was subjected to AD in the absence and presence of co-substrates; model kitchen waste (MKW) and waste activated sludge (WAS). The results revealed that up to 99.6% of nitrogen and 91.2% of phosphorus could be removed from municipal wastewater using C. vulgaris. Biomethane yields were improved by co-digestion with both MKW and WAS. The maximum biomethane yield was observed as 523 ± 25.6 ml CH4 g VSadded-1, by microalgal biomass and MKW co-digestion in 50:50 ratio, at an initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of 14.0 ± 0.1 g l-1, C:N ratio of 22.0, and S:I ratio of 2.2. The observed biomethane yield was 80.7% higher than that of the mono-digestion. The highest improvement achieved by 50:50 co-digestion of microalgal biomass and WAS was 15.5%, with biomethane yield of 272 ± 11.3 ml CH4 g VSadded-1 at an initial COD concentration of 14.0 ± 0.1 g l-1, C:N ratio of 13.0, and S:I of 2.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgul Calicioglu
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA , USA
| | - Goksel N Demirer
- b Department of Environmental Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
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21
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Marin-Batista JD, Villamil JA, Rodriguez JJ, Mohedano AF, de la Rubia MA. Valorization of microalgal biomass by hydrothermal carbonization and anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 274:395-402. [PMID: 30551042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The potential of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) as a novel choice for treating microalgal biomass (MAB) was assessed. The hydrochar obtained at 210 °C had a carbon content and a higher heating value (HHV) 1.09 and 1.1 times greater, respectively, than that of the feedstock. Also, washing the hydrochar with HCl efficiently removed ash and increased its carbon content 1.40-fold. Energy recovery in the liquid fraction from the hydrothermal treatment (LF) by anaerobic digestion (AD) allowed methane yields of 188-356 mL STP CH4 g-1 VSadded, to be obtained. As a result, the amount of energy recovered from MAB was increased from about 4 MJ kg-1 (20% in terms of HHV) to 15.4, 12.1 and 10.4 MJ kg-1 by combining HTC at 180, 210 and 240 °C, respectively, with AD. Therefore, HTC at 180 °C in combination with AD seemingly provides an effective method for valorizing MAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Marin-Batista
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Villamil
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J J Rodriguez
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A F Mohedano
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M A de la Rubia
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Marques ADL, Araújo ODQF, Cammarota MC. Biogas from microalgae: an overview emphasizing pretreatment methods and their energy return on investment (EROI). Biotechnol Lett 2018; 41:193-201. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Latif MA, Mehta CM, Batstone DJ. Enhancing soluble phosphate concentration in sludge liquor by pressurised anaerobic digestion. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 145:660-666. [PMID: 30205337 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of phosphate from wastewater is challenging, with one of the best opportunities being recovery from sludge anaerobic digestion liquor, as struvite. However, this is limited by the proportion of total phosphorous which is soluble, due to in-digester metal ion precipitation. High-pressure anaerobic digestion may enable enhanced phosphate solubility (and hence recovery potential), without the use of added acid, due to an increased liquid phase CO2 concentration. This was tested at 2, 4, and 6 bar absolute (bara) vs a 1 bara control reactor, fed with activated sludge. Increased pressure significantly (p = 0.0008), increased the fraction of phosphate that was soluble, ranging from 52% at 1 bara, to 75% at 6 bara. Model based analysis indicated that the main reason for increased solubility was pH depression (down to 6.4 at 6 bara), rather than changes in ion pairing (with carbonates) or increases in ionic activity. However, biological performance was adversely impacted, with a substantial loss in VS and COD destruction (on the order of 5%-10% absolute). No organic acid accumulation was observed. Bacterial and archaeal communities were significantly impacted (p∼0.0003-0.0005), with a shift to specific organisms, including Bacteroidales Rikenellaceae within the bacteria, and a Deep Sea Euryarchaeotal Group at 2 bara, and Methanocellaceae within the archaea at 4 and 6 bara. The work indicates that high-pressure operation is a technically viable option to improve phosphate recovery, and produce a high-methane biogas product, but that the loss of overall conversion needs to be further addressed, possibly through two-stage digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Latif
- Griffith School of Engineering and Build Environment, 170 Kessels Road, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia; Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), Level 4, Gehrmann Bldg. (60), Research Road, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
| | - Chirag M Mehta
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), Level 4, Gehrmann Bldg. (60), Research Road, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Damien J Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), Level 4, Gehrmann Bldg. (60), Research Road, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
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24
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González-González LM, Zhou L, Astals S, Thomas-Hall SR, Eltanahy E, Pratt S, Jensen PD, Schenk PM. Biogas production coupled to repeat microalgae cultivation using a closed nutrient loop. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 263:625-630. [PMID: 29800924 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is an established technology to produce renewable energy as methane-rich biogas for which microalgae are a suitable substrate. Besides biogas production, anaerobic digestion of microalgae generates an effluent rich in nutrients, so-called digestate, that can be used as a growth medium for microalgal cultures, with the potential for a closed nutrient loop and sustainable bioenergy facility. In this study, the methane potential and nutrient mobilization of the microalga Scenedemus dimorphus was evaluated under continuous conditions. The suitability of using the digestate as culture medium was also evaluated. The results show that S. dimorphus is a suitable substrate for anaerobic digestion with an average methane yield of 199 mL g-1 VS. The low level of phosphorus in digestate did not limit algae growth when used as culture medium. The potential of liquid digestate as a superior culture medium rather than inorganic medium was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina María González-González
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Lihong Zhou
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Sergi Astals
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Skye R Thomas-Hall
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Eladl Eltanahy
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Physcology Laboratory, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Steven Pratt
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Paul D Jensen
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Peer M Schenk
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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25
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Ganesh Saratale R, Kumar G, Banu R, Xia A, Periyasamy S, Dattatraya Saratale G. A critical review on anaerobic digestion of microalgae and macroalgae and co-digestion of biomass for enhanced methane generation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 262:319-332. [PMID: 29576518 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biogas production using algal resources has been widely studied as a green and alternative renewable technology. This review provides an extended overview of recent advances in biomethane production via direct anaerobic digestion (AD) of microalgae, macroalgae and co-digestion mechanism on biomethane production and future challenges and prospects for its scaled-up applications. The effects of pretreatment in the preparation of algal feedstock for methane generation are discussed briefly. The role of different operational and environmental parameters for instance pH, temperature, nutrients, organic loading rate (OLR) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on sustainable methane generation are also reviewed. Finally, an outlook on the possible options towards the scale up and enhancement strategies has been provided. This review could encourage further studies in this area, to intend and operate continuous mode by designing stable and reliable bioreactor systems and to analyze the possibilities and potential of co-digestion for the promotion of algal-biomethane technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rijuta Ganesh Saratale
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 38722, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Centre of Anna University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | | | - Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Passos F, Cordeiro PHM, Baeta BEL, de Aquino SF, Perez-Elvira SI. Anaerobic co-digestion of coffee husks and microalgal biomass after thermal hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 253:49-54. [PMID: 29328934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Residual coffee husks after seed processing may be better profited if bioconverted into energy through anaerobic digestion. This process may be improved by implementing a pretreatment step and by co-digesting the coffee husks with a more liquid biomass. In this context, this study aimed at evaluating the anaerobic co-digestion of coffee husks with microalgal biomass. For this, both substrates were pretreated separately and in a mixture for attaining 15% of total solids (TS), which was demonstrated to be the minimum solid content for pretreatment of coffee husks. The results showed that the anaerobic co-digestion presented a synergistic effect, leading to 17% higher methane yield compared to the theoretical value of both substrates biodegraded separately. Furthermore, thermal hydrolysis pretreatment increased coffee husks anaerobic biodegradability. For co-digestion trials, the highest values were reached for pretreatment at 120 °C for 60 min, which led to 196 mLCH4/gVS and maximum methane production rate of 0.38 d-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Passos
- Environmental and Chemical Technology Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000 Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6.627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Henrique Miranda Cordeiro
- Environmental and Chemical Technology Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000 Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Eduardo Lobo Baeta
- Environmental and Chemical Technology Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000 Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sergio Francisco de Aquino
- Environmental and Chemical Technology Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000 Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sara Isabel Perez-Elvira
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, C/ Dr. Mergelina s/n, Valladolid, Spain
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Zou Y, Xu X, Li L, Yang F, Zhang S. Enhancing methane production from U. lactuca using combined anaerobically digested sludge (ADS) and rumen fluid pre-treatment and the effect on the solubilization of microbial community structures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 254:83-90. [PMID: 29413943 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Methane production by the anaerobic digestion of seaweed is restricted by the slow degradation caused by the influence of the rigid algal cell wall. At the present time, there has been no study focusing on the anaerobic digestion of U. lactuca by co-fermentation and pre-treatment with rumen fluid. Rumen fluid can favor methane production from algal biomass by utilizing the diversity and quantity of bacterial and archaeal communities in the rumen fluid. This research presents a novel method based on combined ADS and rumen fluid pre-treatment to improve the production of methane from seaweed. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests were performed to investigate the biogas production using combined ADS and rumen fluid pre-treatment at varied inoculum ratios on the performance of methane production from U. lactuca biomass. Compared to the control (no rumen fluid pre-treatment), the highest BMP yields of U. lactuca increased from 3%, 27.5% and 39.5% to 31.1%, 73% and 85.6%, respectively, for three different types of treatment. Microbial community analysis revealed that the Methanobrevibacter species, known to accept electrons to form methane, were only detected when rumen fluid was added. Together with the significant increase in species of Methanoculleus, Methanospirillum and Methanosaeta, rumen fluid improved the fermentation and degradation of the microalgae biomass not only by pre-treatment to foster cell-wall degradation but also by relying on methane production within itself during anaerobic processes. Batch experiments further indicated that rumen fluid applied to the co-fermentation and pre-treatment could increase the economic value and hold promise for enhancing biogas production from different seaweed species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaochen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fenglin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shushen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
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Deng Y, Qiu L, Yao Y, Qin M. A technology for strongly improving methane production from rice straw: freeze–thaw pretreatment. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22643-22651. [PMID: 35539703 PMCID: PMC9081385 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03692f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Overcoming the complex three dimensional structure of biomass is a major challenge in enhancing anaerobic digestion (AD) efficacy. Freeze–thaw pretreatment was proposed herein in order to improve methane production from rice straw. The effect was notable: average methane content for group-A (−4 °C) and -B (−20 °C) were A1 (−4 °C, 12 h): 40.0%, A2 (−4 °C, 24 h): 40.5%, A3 (−4 °C, 48 h): 42.2%; B1 (−20 °C, 12 h): 44.2%, B2 (−20 °C, 24 h): 45.7%, B3 (−20 °C, 48 h): 46.0%, the increases were 88.8–99.1% and 108.8–117.2%, respectively, compared with control (CK) (21.2%). Total methane production for group-A and -B were A1: 22.8 mL g−1 TS, A2: 24.7 mL g−1 TS, A3: 27.8 mL g−1 TS; B1: 29.9 mL g−1 TS, B2: 31.3 mL g−1 TS, B3: 32.0 mL g−1 TS, compared with CK (7.6 mL g−1 TS), the increases were 200.0–265.8%, 293.4–321.1%, respectively. The technical digestion time (T80) was shortened by 8 days. Therefore, the maximum methane production was obtained under conditions of −20 °C and 48 h. This study proposed an efficient pretreatment method that broadens the horizon of improving biomass conversion into bioenergy. Overcoming the complex three dimensional structure of biomass is a major challenge in enhancing anaerobic digestion (AD) efficacy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang Deng
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- China
- Northwest Research Center of Rural Renewable Energy Exploitation and Utilization of M.O.A
| | - Ling Qiu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- China
- Northwest Research Center of Rural Renewable Energy Exploitation and Utilization of M.O.A
| | - Yiqing Yao
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- China
- Northwest Research Center of Rural Renewable Energy Exploitation and Utilization of M.O.A
| | - Mengyao Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huaiyin Normal University
- Huaian 223300
- China
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30
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Nuchdang S, Frigon JC, Roy C, Pilon G, Phalakornkule C, Guiot SR. Hydrothermal post-treatment of digestate to maximize the methane yield from the anaerobic digestion of microalgae. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 71:683-688. [PMID: 28655465 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative to applying the hydrothermal treatment to the raw algal feedstock before the anaerobic digestion (i.e. pre-treatment), one considered a post-treatment scenario where anaerobic digestion is directly used as the primary treatment while the hydrothermal treatment is thereafter applied to the digestate. Hydrothermal treatments such as wet oxidation (WetOx) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) were compared at a temperature of 200°C, for initial pressure of 0.1 and 0.82MPa, and no holding time after the process had reached the temperature setpoint. Both WetOx and HTC resulted in a substantial solids conversion (47-62% with HTC, 64-83% with WetOx, both at 0.82MPa) into soluble products, while some total chemical oxygen demand-based carbon loss from the solid-liquid phases was observed (20-39%). This generated high soluble products concentrations (from 6.2 to 10.9g soluble chemical oxygen demand/L). Biomethane potential tests showed that these hydrothermal treatments allowed for a 4-fold improvement of the digestate anaerobic biodegradability. The hydrothermal treatments increased the methane yield to about 200 LSTP CH4/kg volatile solids, when related to the untreated digestate, compared to 66 LSTP CH4/kg volatile solids, without treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nuchdang
- The Research and Technology Center for Renewable Products and Energy, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - J-C Frigon
- Anaerobic technologies and bioprocess control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - C Roy
- Anaerobic technologies and bioprocess control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - G Pilon
- Anaerobic technologies and bioprocess control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - C Phalakornkule
- The Research and Technology Center for Renewable Products and Energy, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S R Guiot
- Anaerobic technologies and bioprocess control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada.
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31
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Kumar G, Sivagurunathan P, Zhen G, Kobayashi T, Kim SH, Xu K. Combined pretreatment of electrolysis and ultra-sonication towards enhancing solubilization and methane production from mixed microalgae biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:196-200. [PMID: 28892691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of combination of pretreatment methods such as ultra-sonication and electrolysis for the minimum energy input to recover the maximal carbohydrate and solubilization (in terms of sCOD) from mixed microalgae biomass. The composition of the soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD), protein, carbohydrate revealed that the hydrolysis method had showed positive impact on the increasing quantity and thus enhanced methane yields. As a result, the combination of these 2 pretreatments showed the greatest yield of soluble protein and carbohydrate as 279 and 309mg/L, which is the recovery of nearly 85 and 90% in terms of total content of them. BMP tests showed peak methane production yield of 257mL/gVSadded, for the hydrolysate of combined pretreatment as compared to the control experiment of 138mL/gVS added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Center for Materials Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan; Department of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
| | - Periyasamy Sivagurunathan
- Center for Materials Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Guangyin Zhen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Takuro Kobayashi
- Center for Materials Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kaiqin Xu
- Center for Materials Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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32
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Rodriguez C, Alaswad A, El-Hassan Z, Olabi AG. Mechanical pretreatment of waste paper for biogas production. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 68:157-164. [PMID: 28688546 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic materials such as waste paper, the accessibility of microorganisms to the fermentable sugars is restricted by their complex structure. A mechanical pretreatment with a Hollander beater was assessed in order to reduce the biomass particle size and to increase the feedstock' specific surface area available to the microorganisms, and therefore improve the biogas yield. Pretreatment of paper waste for 60min improves the methane yield by 21%, from a value of 210ml/gVS corresponding to untreated paper waste to 254ml/gVS. 30min pretreatment have no significant effect on the methane yield. A response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effect of the beating time and feedstock/inoculum ratio on the methane yield. An optimum methane yield of 253ml/gVS was achieved at 55min of beating pretreatment and a F/I ratio of 0.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rodriguez
- Institute of Engineering and Energy Technologies, School of Engineering and Computing, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK.
| | - A Alaswad
- School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B5 5JU, UK
| | - Z El-Hassan
- Institute of Engineering and Energy Technologies, School of Engineering and Computing, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - A G Olabi
- Institute of Engineering and Energy Technologies, School of Engineering and Computing, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
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33
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Sforza E, Barbera E, Girotto F, Cossu R, Bertucco A. Anaerobic digestion of lipid-extracted microalgae: Enhancing nutrient recovery towards a closed loop recycling. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Guo F, Zhao J, A L, Yang X. Life cycle assessment of microalgae-based aviation fuel: Influence of lipid content with specific productivity and nitrogen nutrient effects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 221:350-357. [PMID: 27660987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to compare the life cycle assessments of low-N and normal culture conditions for a balance between the lipid content and specific productivity. In order to achieve the potential contribution of lipid content to the life cycle assessment, this study established relationships between lipid content (nitrogen effect) and specific productivity based on three microalgae strains including Chlorella, Isochrysis and Nannochloropsis. For microalgae-based aviation fuel, the effects of the lipid content on fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are similar. The fossil fuel consumption (0.32-0.68MJ·MJ-1MBAF) and GHG emissions (17.23-51.04gCO2e·MJ-1MBAF) increase (59.70-192.22%) with the increased lipid content. The total energy input decreases (2.13-3.08MJ·MJ-1MBAF, 14.91-27.95%) with the increased lipid content. The LCA indicators increased (0-47.10%) with the decreased nitrogen recovery efficiency (75-50%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Guo
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Energy and Environment International Centre, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Energy and Environment International Centre, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Lusi A
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Energy and Environment International Centre, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Yang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Energy and Environment International Centre, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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35
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Bilanovic D, Holland M, Starosvetsky J, Armon R. Co-cultivation of microalgae and nitrifiers for higher biomass production and better carbon capture. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:282-288. [PMID: 27584904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study co-cultivation of nitrifiers with microalgae as a non-intrusive technique for selective removal of oxygen generated by microalgae. Biomass concentration was, at least, 23% higher in mixed-cultures where nitrifiers kept the dissolved oxygen concentration below 9.0μLL(-1) than in control Chlorella vulgaris axenic-cultures where the concentration of dissolved oxygen was higher than 10.0μLL(-1). This approach to eliminating oxygen inhibition of microalgal growth could become the basis for the development of advanced microalgae reactors for removal of CO2 from the atmosphere, and concentrated CO2 streams. CO2 sequestration would become a chemically and geologically safer and environmentally more sound technology provided it uses microalgal, or other biomass, instead of CO2, for carbon storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragoljub Bilanovic
- Center for Environmental, Earth, and Space Studies, Bemidji State University, Bemidji, MN, USA.
| | - Mark Holland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salisbury University, Salisbury, MD, USA.
| | - Jeanna Starosvetsky
- Division of Environmental, Water, and Agriculture Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
| | - Robert Armon
- Division of Environmental, Water, and Agriculture Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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36
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Klassen V, Blifernez-Klassen O, Wobbe L, Schlüter A, Kruse O, Mussgnug JH. Efficiency and biotechnological aspects of biogas production from microalgal substrates. J Biotechnol 2016; 234:7-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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37
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Innovation in biological production and upgrading of methane and hydrogen for use as gaseous transport biofuel. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:451-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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38
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Paul R, Melville L, Sulu M. Anaerobic Digestion of Micro and Macro Algae, Pre-treatment and Co-Digestion-Biomass — A Review for a Better Practice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.18178/ijesd.2016.7.9.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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39
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40
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Klassen V, Blifernez-Klassen O, Hoekzema Y, Mussgnug JH, Kruse O. A novel one-stage cultivation/fermentation strategy for improved biogas production with microalgal biomass. J Biotechnol 2015; 215:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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41
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Acutodesmus obliquus as a benchmark strain for evaluating methane production from microalgae: Influence of different storage and pretreatment methods on biogas yield. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Tan CH, Show PL, Chang JS, Ling TC, Lan JCW. Novel approaches of producing bioenergies from microalgae: A recent review. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1219-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Van Den Hende S, Laurent C, Bégué M. Anaerobic digestion of microalgal bacterial flocs from a raceway pond treating aquaculture wastewater: need for a biorefinery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 196:184-93. [PMID: 26241837 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An outdoor raceway pond with microalgal bacterial flocs (MaB-flocs) is a novel sunlight-based system to treat pikeperch aquaculture wastewater while producing biomass. The harvested MaB-floc biomass (33tonTSha(-1)y(-1)) needs further valorization. Therefore, the biochemical methane yield (BMY) of MaB-floc biomass was determined in batch experiments. The results show significant differences between the BMY of MaB-flocs amongst their harvest dates (128-226NLCH4kg(-1)VS), a low anaerobic digestion conversion efficiency (25.0-36.2%), a moderate chlorophyll a removal (51.5-86.9%) and a low biogas profit (<0.01€m(-3)wastewater). None of the pretreatment methods screened (freezing, thermal, microwave, ultrasonic and chlorination, flue gas sparging, and acid) can be recommended due to a low BMY improvement and/or unfavorable energy balance. Therefore, anaerobic digestion of this MaB-floc biomass should only be granted a supporting role within a biorefinery concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Van Den Hende
- Laboratory of Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Industrial Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
| | - Cedric Laurent
- Laboratory of Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Industrial Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Marine Bégué
- Laboratory of Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Industrial Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; Ecole des Métiers de l'Environnement (EME), Avenue Robert Schuman, F-35170 Bruz, France
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44
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Kim J, Kang CM. Increased anaerobic production of methane by co-digestion of sludge with microalgal biomass and food waste leachate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 189:409-412. [PMID: 25911192 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The co-digestion of multiple substrates is a promising method to increase methane production during anaerobic digestion. However, limited reliable data are available on the anaerobic co-digestion of food waste leachate with microalgal biomass. This report evaluated methane production by the anaerobic co-digestion of different mixtures of food waste leachate, algal biomass, and raw sludge. Co-digestion of substrate mixture containing equal amounts of three substrates had higher methane production than anaerobic digestion of individual substrates. This was possibly due to a proliferation of methanogens over the entire digestion period induced by multistage digestion of different substrates with different degrees of degradability. Thus, the co-digestion of food waste, microalgal biomass, and raw sludge appears to be a feasible and efficient method for energy conversion from waste resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmin Kim
- Future Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 17 Jeigok-gil, Munsan-eup, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 660-844, Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Min Kang
- Future Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 17 Jeigok-gil, Munsan-eup, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 660-844, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, Chodang University, 380 Muan-ro, Muan-up, Muan-gun, Jeollanamdo 534-701, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Astals S, Musenze RS, Bai X, Tannock S, Tait S, Pratt S, Jensen PD. Anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure and algae: impact of intracellular algal products recovery on co-digestion performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 181:97-104. [PMID: 25643955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure and algae (Scenedesmus sp.) with and without extraction of intracellular algal co-products, with views towards the development of a biorefinery concept for lipid, protein and/or biogas production. Protein and/or lipids were extracted from Scenedesmus sp. using free nitrous acid pre-treatments and solvent-based Soxhlet extraction, respectively. Processing increased algae methane yield between 29% and 37% compared to raw algae (VS basis), but reduced the amount of algae available for digestion. Co-digestion experiments showed a synergy between pig manure and raw algae that increased raw algae methane yield from 0.163 to 0.245 m(3) CH4 kg(-1)VS. No such synergy was observed when algal residues were co-digested with pig manure. Finally, experimental results were used to develop a high-level concept for an integrated biorefinery processing pig manure and onsite cultivated algae, evaluating methane production and co-product recovery per mass of pig manure entering the refinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Astals
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - R S Musenze
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - X Bai
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - S Tannock
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - S Tait
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - S Pratt
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - P D Jensen
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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46
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Zieliński M, Dębowski M, Grala A, Dudek M, Kupczyk K, Rokicka M. The effect of pressure and temperature pretreatment on the biogas output from algal biomass. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:693-698. [PMID: 25204375 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.958543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents data on methane fermentation of algal biomass containing Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. The biomass was obtained from closed-culture photobioreactors. Before the process, the algae were subjected to low temperature and pressure pretreatment for 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 h. The prepared biomass was subjected to mesophilic methane fermentation. The amount and composition of the biogas formed in the process were determined. The amount of biogas produced was larger when the biomass was subjected to thermal preprocessing. The proportion of methane in the gas also increased. Extending the heating time beyond 1.0 h did not significantly improve the biogassing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Zieliński
- a Department of Environment Protection Engineering , The Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn , Warszawska 117, Olsztyn 10 - 719 , Poland
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Muradov N, Taha M, Miranda AF, Wrede D, Kadali K, Gujar A, Stevenson T, Ball AS, Mouradov A. Fungal-assisted algal flocculation: application in wastewater treatment and biofuel production. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:24. [PMID: 25763102 PMCID: PMC4355497 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microalgal-based industries are facing a number of important challenges that in turn affect their economic viability. Arguably the most important of these are associated with the high costs of harvesting and dewatering of the microalgal cells, the costs and sustainability of nutrient supplies and costly methods for large scale oil extraction. Existing harvesting technologies, which can account for up to 50% of the total cost, are not economically feasible because of either requiring too much energy or the addition of chemicals. Fungal-assisted flocculation is currently receiving increased attention because of its high harvesting efficiency. Moreover, some of fungal and microalgal strains are well known for their ability to treat wastewater, generating biomass which represents a renewable and sustainable feedstock for bioenergy production. RESULTS We screened 33 fungal strains, isolated from compost, straws and soil for their lipid content and flocculation efficiencies against representatives of microalgae commercially used for biodiesel production, namely the heterotrophic freshwater microalgae Chlorella protothecoides and the marine microalgae Tetraselmis suecica. Lipid levels and composition were analyzed in fungal-algal pellets grown on media containing alternative carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus sources from wheat straw and swine wastewater, respectively. The biomass of fungal-algal pellets grown on swine wastewater was used as feedstock for the production of value-added chemicals, biogas, bio-solids and liquid petrochemicals through pyrolysis. Co-cultivation of microalgae and filamentous fungus increased total biomass production, lipid yield and wastewater bioremediation efficiency. CONCLUSION Fungal-assisted microalgal flocculation shows significant potential for solving the major challenges facing the commercialization of microalgal biotechnology, namely (i) the efficient and cost-effective harvesting of freshwater and seawater algal strains; (ii) enhancement of total oil production and optimization of its composition; (iii) nutrient supply through recovering of the primary nutrients, nitrogen and phosphates and microelements from wastewater. The biomass generated was thermochemically converted into biogas, bio-solids and a range of liquid petrochemicals including straight-chain C12 to C21 alkanes which can be directly used as a glycerine-free component of biodiesel. Pyrolysis represents an efficient alternative strategy for biofuel production from species with tough cell walls such as fungi and fungal-algal pellets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazim Muradov
- />Florida Solar Energy Centre, University of Central Florida, 1679 Clearlake Road, 32922 Cocoa, FL USA
| | - Mohamed Taha
- />School of Applied Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, 3083 Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Ana F Miranda
- />School of Applied Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, 3083 Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Digby Wrede
- />School of Applied Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, 3083 Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Krishna Kadali
- />School of Applied Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, 3083 Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Amit Gujar
- />Florida Solar Energy Centre, University of Central Florida, 1679 Clearlake Road, 32922 Cocoa, FL USA
| | - Trevor Stevenson
- />School of Applied Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, 3083 Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Andrew S Ball
- />School of Applied Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, 3083 Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Aidyn Mouradov
- />School of Applied Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, 3083 Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC Australia
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Song HW, Park KJ, Han SK, Jung HS. Thermal conductivity characteristics of dewatered sewage sludge by thermal hydrolysis reaction. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2014; 64:1384-1389. [PMID: 25562934 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2014.955926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to quantify the thermal conductivity of sewage sludge related to reaction temperature for the optimal design of a thermal hydrolysis reactor. We continuously quantified the thermal conductivity of dewatered sludge related to the reaction temperature. As the reaction temperature increased, the dewatered sludge is thermally liquefied under high temperature and pressure by the thermal hydrolysis reaction. Therefore, the bound water in the sludge cells comes out as free water, which changes the dewatered sludge from a solid phase to slurry in a liquid phase. As a result, the thermal conductivity of the sludge was more than 2.64 times lower than that of the water at 20. However, above 200, it became 0.704 W/m* degrees C, which is about 4% higher than that of water. As a result, the change in physical properties due to thermal hydrolysis appears to be an important factor for heat transfer efficiency. Implications: The thermal conductivity of dewatered sludge is an important factor the optimal design of a thermal hydrolysis reactor. The dewatered sludge is thermally liquefied under high temperature and pressure by the thermal hydrolysis reaction. The liquid phase slurry has a higher thermal conductivity than pure water.
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Wrede D, Taha M, Miranda AF, Kadali K, Stevenson T, Ball AS, Mouradov A. Co-cultivation of fungal and microalgal cells as an efficient system for harvesting microalgal cells, lipid production and wastewater treatment. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113497. [PMID: 25419574 PMCID: PMC4242625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenges which the large scale microalgal industry is facing are associated with the high cost of key operations such as harvesting, nutrient supply and oil extraction. The high-energy input for harvesting makes current commercial microalgal biodiesel production economically unfeasible and can account for up to 50% of the total cost of biofuel production. Co-cultivation of fungal and microalgal cells is getting increasing attention because of high efficiency of bio-flocculation of microalgal cells with no requirement for added chemicals and low energy inputs. Moreover, some fungal and microalgal strains are well known for their exceptional ability to purify wastewater, generating biomass that represents a renewable and sustainable feedstock for biofuel production. We have screened the flocculation efficiency of the filamentous fungus A. fumigatus against 11 microalgae representing freshwater, marine, small (5 µm), large (over 300 µm), heterotrophic, photoautotrophic, motile and non-motile strains. Some of the strains are commercially used for biofuel production. Lipid production and composition were analysed in fungal-algal pellets grown on media containing alternative carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus sources contained in wheat straw and swine wastewater, respectively. Co-cultivation of algae and A. fumigatus cells showed additive and synergistic effects on biomass production, lipid yield and wastewater bioremediation efficiency. Analysis of fungal-algal pellet's fatty acids composition suggested that it can be tailored and optimised through co-cultivating different algae and fungi without the need for genetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digby Wrede
- Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, School of Applied Sciences, 3083 Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohamed Taha
- Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, School of Applied Sciences, 3083 Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ana F. Miranda
- Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, School of Applied Sciences, 3083 Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Krishna Kadali
- Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, School of Applied Sciences, 3083 Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor Stevenson
- Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, School of Applied Sciences, 3083 Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew S. Ball
- Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, School of Applied Sciences, 3083 Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Aidyn Mouradov
- Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, School of Applied Sciences, 3083 Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Ometto F, Quiroga G, Pšenička P, Whitton R, Jefferson B, Villa R. Impacts of microalgae pre-treatments for improved anaerobic digestion: thermal treatment, thermal hydrolysis, ultrasound and enzymatic hydrolysis. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 65:350-361. [PMID: 25150520 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of microalgae is primarily inhibited by the chemical composition of their cell walls containing biopolymers able to resist bacterial degradation. Adoption of pre-treatments such as thermal, thermal hydrolysis, ultrasound and enzymatic hydrolysis have the potential to remove these inhibitory compounds and enhance biogas yields by degrading the cell wall, and releasing the intracellular algogenic organic matter (AOM). This work investigated the effect of four pre-treatments on three microalgae species, and their impact on the quantity of soluble biomass released in the media and thus on the digestion process yields. The analysis of the composition of the soluble COD released and of the TEM images of the cells showed two main degradation actions associated with the processes: (1) cell wall damage with the release of intracellular AOM (thermal, thermal hydrolysis and ultrasound) and (2) degradation of the cell wall constituents with the release of intracellular AOM and the solubilisation of the cell wall biopolymers (enzymatic hydrolysis). As a result of this, enzymatic hydrolysis showed the greatest biogas yield increments (>270%) followed by thermal hydrolysis (60-100%) and ultrasounds (30-60%).
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