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Circuncisão AR, Ferreira SS, Silva AMS, Coimbra MA, Cardoso SM. Fucus vesiculosus-Rich Extracts as Potential Functional Food Ingredients: A Holistic Extraction Approach. Foods 2024; 13:540. [PMID: 38397517 PMCID: PMC10888237 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Brown macroalgae are rich sources of nutrients and health-promoting compounds. Nevertheless, their consumption is still limited by their strong organoleptic characteristics, thus requiring the development of extraction strategies to profit from their nutritional value. To fulfil this, two sequential extraction approaches were developed, differing in the solvent used in the first extraction step, water in approach 1 or food-grade ethanol in approach 2, to obtain economic and affordable extracts rich in specific compounds from Fucus vesiculosus. The use of water in the first step of extraction allowed us to recover water-soluble phlorotannins, laminarans and mannuronic-rich alginates, making the subsequent 70% ethanol extract richest in fucoxanthin (0.07% algae DW), and the hot water fractions purest in fucoidans and alginates with a lower mannuronic-to-guluronic (M/G) ratio (2.91). Conversely, when beginning extraction procedures with 96% ethanol, the recovered yields of phlorotannins increased (0.43 g PGE/100 g algae DW), but there was a concomitant seven-fold decrease in the recovery of fucoxanthin in the subsequent 70% ethanol extract. This approach also led to less pure hot water fractions containing fucoidans, laminarans and alginates with a higher M/G ratio (5.50). Overall, this work unveiled the potential of the first extraction steps in sustainable and holistic cascade strategies to modulate the composition of food-grade extracts, creating prospects of their application as tailored functional ingredients in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Susana M. Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.R.C.); (S.S.F.); (A.M.S.S.); (M.A.C.)
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2
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Obluchinskaya ED, Pozharitskaya ON, Gorshenina EV, Daurtseva AV, Flisyuk EV, Generalova YE, Terninko II, Shikov AN. Ascophyllum nodosum (Linnaeus) Le Jolis from Arctic: Its Biochemical Composition, Antiradical Potential, and Human Health Risk. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:48. [PMID: 38276650 PMCID: PMC10820375 DOI: 10.3390/md22010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascophyllum nodosum is a brown seaweed common in Arctic tidal waters. We have collected A. nodosum samples from the Barents Sea (BS), Irminger Sea (IS), and Norwegian Sea (NS) in different reproductive stages and have evaluated their biochemical composition, radical scavenging potential, and health risks. The total content of dominating carbohydrates (fucoidan, mannitol, alginate, and laminaran) ranged from 347 mg/g DW in NS to 528 mg/g DW in BS. The proportion of two main structural monosaccharides of fucoidan (fucose and xylose) differed significantly between the seas and reproductive phase, reaching a maximum at the fertile phase in the BS sample. Polyphenols and flavonoids totals were highest in NS A. nodosum samples and increased on average in the following order: BS < IS < NS. A positive correlation of free radical scavenging activity for seaweed extracts with polyphenols content was observed. The concentration of elements in A. nodosum from the Arctic seas region was in the following order: Ca > Mg > Sr > Fe > Al > Zn > As total > Rb > Mn > Ba > Cu > Co. Seaweeds from BS had the lowest metal pollution index (MPI) of 38.4. A. nodosum from IS had the highest MPI of 83. According to the calculated target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values, Arctic A. nodosum samples pose no carcinogenic risk to adult and child health and are safe for regular consumption. Our results suggest that the Arctic A. nodosum has a remarkable potential for food and pharmaceutical industries as an underestimated source of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina D. Obluchinskaya
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI RAS), 17 Vladimirskaya Str., 183038 Murmansk, Russia; (O.N.P.); (E.V.G.); (A.V.D.); (A.N.S.)
| | - Olga N. Pozharitskaya
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI RAS), 17 Vladimirskaya Str., 183038 Murmansk, Russia; (O.N.P.); (E.V.G.); (A.V.D.); (A.N.S.)
| | - Elena V. Gorshenina
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI RAS), 17 Vladimirskaya Str., 183038 Murmansk, Russia; (O.N.P.); (E.V.G.); (A.V.D.); (A.N.S.)
| | - Anna V. Daurtseva
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI RAS), 17 Vladimirskaya Str., 183038 Murmansk, Russia; (O.N.P.); (E.V.G.); (A.V.D.); (A.N.S.)
| | - Elena V. Flisyuk
- Department of Technology of Pharmaceutical Formulations, St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14 Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Yuliya E. Generalova
- Core Shared Research Facilities “Analytical Center”, St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14 Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (Y.E.G.)
| | - Inna I. Terninko
- Core Shared Research Facilities “Analytical Center”, St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14 Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (Y.E.G.)
| | - Alexander N. Shikov
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI RAS), 17 Vladimirskaya Str., 183038 Murmansk, Russia; (O.N.P.); (E.V.G.); (A.V.D.); (A.N.S.)
- Department of Technology of Pharmaceutical Formulations, St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14 Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
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3
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Nguyen HC, Ngo KN, Tran HK, Barrow CJ. Enzyme-Assisted Coextraction of Phenolics and Polysaccharides from Padina gymnospora. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:42. [PMID: 38248667 PMCID: PMC10817698 DOI: 10.3390/md22010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Brown seaweed is a promising source of polysaccharides and phenolics with industrial utility. This work reports the development of a green enzyme-assisted extraction method for simultaneously extracting polysaccharides and phenolics from the brown seaweed Padina gymnospora. Different enzymes (Cellulast, Pectinex, and Alcalase), individually and in combination, were investigated, with Alcalase alone showing the highest efficiency for the simultaneous extraction of polysaccharides and phenolics. Yields from Alcalase-assisted aqueous extraction were higher than those obtained using either water alone or conventional ethanol extraction. Alcalase-assisted extraction was subsequently optimized using a response surface methodology to maximize compound recovery. Maximal polysaccharide and phenolic recovery was obtained under the following extraction conditions: a water-to-sample ratio of 61.31 mL/g, enzyme loading of 0.32%, temperature of 60.5 °C, and extraction time of 1.95 h. The extract was then fractionated to obtain alginate-, fucoidan-, and phenolic-rich fractions. Fractions exhibited potent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 140.55 µg/mL, 126.21 µg/mL, and 48.17 µg/mL, respectively, which were higher than those obtained from conventional extraction methods. The current work shows that bioactive polysaccharides and phenolics can be obtained together in high yield through a single aqueous-only green and efficient Alcalase-assisted extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Chinh Nguyen
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Kim Ngan Ngo
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (K.N.N.); (H.K.T.)
| | - Hoai Khang Tran
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (K.N.N.); (H.K.T.)
| | - Colin J. Barrow
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
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Ummat V, Sivagnanam SP, Rameshkumar S, Pednekar M, Fitzpatrick S, Rai DK, Padamati RB, O'Donnell C, Tiwari BK. Sequential extraction of fucoidan, laminarin, mannitol, alginate and protein from brown macroalgae Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128195. [PMID: 38008143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The study involves development of a green biorefinery process for obtaining fucoidan, laminarin, mannitol, alginate and protein from dry and fresh Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum using hydrochloric acid and a green extraction solvent. After the extraction of fucoidan which was the targeted biomolecule, an extract and by-product (residual biomass) were obtained. The extract was passed through an ultrafiltration membrane, where fucoidan was obtained in the ultrafiltration retentate while ultrafiltration permeate was analysed for laminarin and mannitol. The residual biomass was used for obtaining alginate using ultrasound (20 kHz, 64 % amplitude and 32 min, optimum parameters for alginate extraction based on our previous study). All the samples, showed good results for alginate, laminarin and mannitol, indicating that the by-products can be utilised using this green extraction process. The comparison of both dry and fresh seaweed is relevant from an industry perspective, as fresh seaweed can directly be used for extraction, avoiding drying which adds significantly to the cost of the process. Life cycle impact assessment of the complete seaweed value chain has been carried out to identify the energy demand and key environmental hotspots. This biorefinery process can be used by industry to improve their processes and utilise the by-products generated efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viruja Ummat
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland; BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Saravana Periaswamy Sivagnanam
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Chemical and BioPharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - Saranya Rameshkumar
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; CRANN, School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mukesh Pednekar
- School of Physics, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Dilip K Rai
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ramesh Babu Padamati
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; CRANN, School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Colm O'Donnell
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Brijesh Kumar Tiwari
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland; BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Latif MJ, Ali S, Jamil S, Bibi S, Jafar T, Rasheed A, Noreen S, Bashir A, Rauf Khan S. Comparative catalytic reduction and degradation with biodegradable sodium alginate based nanocomposite: Zinc oxide/N-doped carbon nitride/sodium alginate. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127954. [PMID: 37951425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Sodium alginate (SA) is a biodegradable macromolecule which is used to synthesize nanocomposites and their further use as catalysis. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and nitrogen doped carbon nitride (ND-C3N4) nanoparticles are prepared using solvothermal and hydrothermal methods, respectively. ZnO/ND-C3N4/SA nanocomposites are successfully synthesized by employing in-situ polymerization. The presence of essential functional groups is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis. Controlled spherical morphology for ZnO nanoparticles, with an average diameter of ∼52 nm, is shown by Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis, while rice-like grain structure with an average grain size ∼62 nm is exhibited by ND-C3N4 nanoparticles. The presence of required elements is confirmed by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDX) analysis. The crystalline nature of nanocomposites is verified by X-ray diffraction spectroscopic (XRD) analysis. The investigation of the catalytic efficiency for degradation and reduction of various organic dyes is carried out on nanoparticles and nanocomposites. Thorough examination and comparison of parameters, such as apparent rate constant (kapp), reduction time, percentage reduction, reduced concentration and half-life, are conducted for all substrates. The nanocomposites show greater efficiency than nanoparticles in both reactions: catalytic reduction and catalytic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarmed Ali
- Faculty of Engineering, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Saba Jamil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shamsa Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Touseef Jafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Noreen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Bashir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shanza Rauf Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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González Fernández LA, Castillo Ramos V, Sánchez Polo M, Medellín Castillo NA. Fundamentals in applications of algae biomass: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 338:117830. [PMID: 37004486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Algae play an extremely important ecological role. They form the basis of trophic webs, produce oxygen that allows the respiration of many of the organisms in aquatic environments, absorb CO2, and serve as refuge areas and habitats for thousands of species. Many species can also absorb organic pollutants from seawater. Algae have been used for many centuries by humans as a source of food, fertilizer, fodder, and for the extraction of compounds with antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, and antibacterial properties. More recently, some species have been used for the production of biofuels. It has been shown that mixing small proportions of algae with the feed of cattle can reduce methane emissions from their digestive activity by more than 95%. One of the most widespread but least known applications of algae is the extraction of their phycocolloids for utilization in food, pharmaceutical, wine, and textile industries, among others. These compounds have gelling, stabilizing, and thickening properties and are therefore frequently included in creams, ice creams, cheeses, jellies, flavored milks, sauces, shampoos, medications, toothpaste, and many other products. The phycocolloids agar and carrageenan are extracted from red algae, whereas alginate is extracted from brown algae, being used in dental impressions, emulsifying lotions, and paints, among others, and in the preparation of wine and beer. Algae are of particular interest in the research and development of new biosorbent materials, not only because of their high adsorption capacity, but also because they are present in the seas and oceans in abundant and easily accessible quantities. Marine algae are a promising biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals and various pollutants and, due to their intrinsic characteristics, have received increasing attention in recent decades. Their application as biosorbents for the sorption of heavy metals and radionuclides could be interpreted as the use of waste to remove waste. Algae have attracted particular interest in the field of biotechnology for economic reasons, given that large amounts are naturally produced and left lying on beaches as waste material. The composition of algae biomass makes it a promising candidate for an extensive list of applications that continues to lengthen. The development of appropriate technologies and policies can transform the presence of algae in coastal ecosystems from an unpleasant and potentially harmful phenomenon into a source of major benefits. This review discusses the capacity of algae biomass to remove pollutants and also delves into its applicability in the production of dyes, oils, and biofuels and for animal feed and fertilizer industries, among others. Further research is warranted on strategies to convert a biomass that is currently considered waste into a means of addressing environmental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lázaro Adrián González Fernández
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Av. Manuel Nava 201, 2nd. floor, University Zone, 78000, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ventura Castillo Ramos
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez Polo
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Nahum Andrés Medellín Castillo
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Av. Manuel Nava 201, 2nd. floor, University Zone, 78000, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Center for Research and Postgraduate Studies of the Faculty of Engineering, Dr. Manuel Nava No. 8, West University Zone, 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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Nesic A, De Bonis MV, Dal Poggetto G, Ruocco G, Santagata G. Microwave Assisted Extraction of Raw Alginate as a Sustainable and Cost-Effective Method to Treat Beach-Accumulated Sargassum Algae. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2979. [PMID: 37514369 PMCID: PMC10383502 DOI: 10.3390/polym15142979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper highlights the potential of Sargassum algae, recovered from raw beach seaweed wastes, as a valid source of valuable sodium alginate. Alginate is a biodegradable, highly attractive polysaccharide widely used in food, pharmaceuticals, and biomedicine applications. The aim of this work is to employ a new eco-sustainable and cost-effective extractive method to obtain alginate as a raw material from pollutant organic Sargassum seaweeds. Algae were exposed to microwave pre-treatment under static and dynamic conditions, and three different extractive protocols were followed: (a) conventional, (b) hot water and (c) alkaline method. All samples were characterized by GPC, SEM, FTIR/ATR and TGA. It was found that alginate's best performances were obtained by the microwave dynamic pre-treatment method followed by alkaline extractive protocol. Nevertheless, the microwave pre-treatment of algae allowed the easiest breaking of their cell walls and the following fast releasing of sodium alginate. The authors demonstrated that microwave-enhanced extraction is an effective way to obtain sodium alginate from Sargassum-stranded seaweed waste materials in a cost-effective and eco-sustainable approach. They also assessed their applications as mulching films for agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Nesic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maria Valeria De Bonis
- College of Engineering, Campus Macchia Romana, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Giovanni Dal Poggetto
- National Council of Research, Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Ruocco
- College of Engineering, Campus Macchia Romana, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Gabriella Santagata
- National Council of Research, Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
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Rhein-Knudsen N, Reyes-Weiss D, Horn SJ. Extraction of high purity fucoidans from brown seaweeds using cellulases and alginate lyases. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:199-209. [PMID: 36584780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidans are fucose rich sulfated polysaccharides that are found in the cell wall of brown seaweeds and have been shown to have several beneficial bioactivities. In the present study, we report a new enzymatic extraction technique for the production of pure and intact fucoidans from the two brown seaweeds Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta. This new extraction protocol uses the commercial cellulase blend Cellic® CTec2 in combination with endo- and exo-acting thermophilic alginate lyases. The fucoidans obtained by this extraction technique are compared to traditionally extracted fucoidans in terms of chemical compositions and molecular weights and are shown to contain significantly higher amounts of fucose and sulfate, the main components of fucoidans, while cellulose, laminarin, and alginate contamination is low. Thus, by using this combination of enzymes, the extracted fucoidans do not undergo depolymerization during extraction and additional purification steps are not needed. The high purity fucoidans isolated by this new enzymatic extraction technique can be used to provide insight into the different fucoidan structures and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Rhein-Knudsen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Diego Reyes-Weiss
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Svein Jarle Horn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway.
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In Vitro Evaluation of Brown Seaweed Laminaria spp. as a Source of Antibacterial and Prebiotic Extracts That Could Modulate the Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Weaned Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13050823. [PMID: 36899679 PMCID: PMC10000092 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminaria spp. and their extracts have preventative potential as dietary supplements during weaning in pigs. The first objective of this study was to evaluate increasing concentrations of four whole seaweed biomass samples from two different Laminaria species harvested in two different months in a weaned pig faecal batch fermentation assay. Particularly, February and November whole seaweed biomass samples of L. hyperborea (LHWB-F and LHWB-N) and L. digitata (LDWB-F and LDWB-N) were used. In the next part of the study, the increasing concentrations of four extracts produced from L. hyperborea (LHE1-4) and L. digitata (LDE1-4) were evaluated in individual pure-culture growth assays using a panel of beneficial and pathogenic bacterial strains (second objective). The LHE1-4 and LDE1-4 were obtained using different combinations of temperature, incubation time and volume of solvent within a hydrothermal-assisted extraction methodology (E1-4). In the batch fermentation assay, the L. hyperborea biomass samples, LHWB-F and LHWB-N, lowered Bifidobacterium spp. counts compared to the L. digitata biomass samples, LDWB-F and LDWB-N (p < 0.05). LHWB-F and LDWB-N reduced Enterobacteriaceae counts (p < 0.05). LHWB-F and LDWB-F were selected as the most and least promising sources of antibacterial extracts from which to produce LHE1-4 and LDE1-4. In the pure-culture growth assays, E1- and E4-produced extracts were predominantly associated with antibacterial and bifidogenic activities, respectively. LHE1 reduced both Salmonella Typhimurium and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli with LDE1 having a similar effect on both of these pathogenic strains, albeit to a lesser extent (p < 0.05). Both LHE1 and LDE1 reduced B. thermophilum counts (p < 0.05). LDE4 exhibited strong bifidogenic activity (p < 0.05), whereas LHE4 increased Bifidobacterium thermophilum and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum counts (p < 0.05). In conclusion, antibacterial and bifidogenic extracts of Laminaria spp. were identified in vitro with the potential to alleviate gastrointestinal dysbiosis in newly weaned pigs.
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10
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Haggag YA, Abd Elrahman AA, Ulber R, Zayed A. Fucoidan in Pharmaceutical Formulations: A Comprehensive Review for Smart Drug Delivery Systems. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020112. [PMID: 36827153 PMCID: PMC9965894 DOI: 10.3390/md21020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan is a heterogeneous group of polysaccharides isolated from marine organisms, including brown algae and marine invertebrates. The physicochemical characteristics and potential bioactivities of fucoidan have attracted substantial interest in pharmaceutical industries in the past few decades. These polysaccharides are characterized by possessing sulfate ester groups that impart negatively charged surfaces, low/high molecular weight, and water solubility. In addition, various promising bioactivities have been reported, such as antitumor, immunomodulatory, and antiviral effects. Hence, the formulation of fucoidan has been investigated in the past few years in diverse pharmaceutical dosage forms to be able to reach their site of action effectively. Moreover, they can act as carriers for various drugs in value-added drug delivery systems. The current work highlights the attractive biopharmaceutical properties of fucoidan being formulated in oral, inhalable, topical, injectable, and other advanced formulations treating life-quality-affecting diseases. Therefore, the present work points out the current status of fucoidan pharmaceutical formulations for future research transferring their application from in vitro and in vivo studies to clinical application and market availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf A. Haggag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Abeer A. Abd Elrahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Roland Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Street 49, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Street 49, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Guish Street, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Mousavi SE, Hatamipour MS, Yegdaneh A. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of alginic acid from Sargassum angustifolium harvested from Persian Gulf shores using response surface methodology. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:660-669. [PMID: 36521702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the extraction and characterization of alginic acid, the most abundant compound among brown algae were investigated. The used algae were Sargassum angustifolium from the family of brown algae native to the coasts of the Persian Gulf. The effect of temperature, time, algae mass to solvent volume ratio, and ultrasonic power on the extraction yield and ratio of monomers (M/G) was investigated using the central composite design method. Moreover, the effect of the mentioned parameters on the poly dispersity index and cytotoxic effects against breast cancer cells were also investigated. The maximum obtained extraction yield was 46 %, which was higher than those reported for algae in tropical climates. This shows the effectiveness of ultrasound in facilitating the extraction process. In addition, the minimum monomer ratio was 0.45, the minimum poly dispersity index was 2.5 and the maximum cytotoxicity for using the extract on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was 20.3 % (with alginic acid concentration of 250 micrograms per milliliter).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Erfan Mousavi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Afsaneh Yegdaneh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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12
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Filote C, Lanez E, Popa VI, Lanez T, Volf I. Characterization and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides Separated through a (Sequential) Biorefinery Process from Fucus spiralis Brown Macroalgae. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194106. [PMID: 36236054 PMCID: PMC9572633 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine macroalgae biomass is a valuable renewable resource that can be used for the development of bioeconomy through the valorisation of valuable compounds. The aim of the current study is separate macroalgal polysaccharides with bioactive properties from brown macroalgae Fucus spiralis based on a designed biocascading biorefinery approach. Thus, we applied an integrated processing method for the separation of fucoidan and alginate, in addition to characterization through IR spectroscopy and 1H NMR. The bioactivity potential (antioxidant activity using superoxide anion and DPPH radical scavenging analysis) of the two polysaccharides was evaluated, together with DNA binding studies performed though voltametric techniques and electronic spectroscopy titration. In terms of results, functional groups S=O (1226 cm−1), N=S=O (1136 cm−1) and C-O-SO3 (1024 cm−1), which are characteristic of fucoidan, were identified in the first polysaccharidic extract, whereas guluronic units (G) (1017 cm−1) and mannuronic units (M) (872 and 812 cm−1) confirmed the separation of alginate. The DNA binding studies of the isolated polysaccharides revealed an electrostatic and an intercalation interaction of DNA with fucoidan and alginate, respectively. Both antioxidant activity assays revealed improved antioxidant activity for both fucoidan and alginate compared to the standard α-tocopherol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălina Filote
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof. D. Mangeron Bldv., 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Elhafnaoui Lanez
- VTRS Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of El Oued, B.P. 789, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Valentin I. Popa
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof. D. Mangeron Bldv., 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Touhami Lanez
- VTRS Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of El Oued, B.P. 789, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Irina Volf
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof. D. Mangeron Bldv., 700050 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence:
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13
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Bojorges H, Fabra MJ, López-Rubio A, Martínez-Abad A. Alginate industrial waste streams as a promising source of value-added compounds valorization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156394. [PMID: 35660439 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The alginate industry processes more than hundred thousand tons per year of algae in Europe, discarding around 80% of the algae biomass as different solid/liquid residual streams. In this work, Saccharina latissima and Ascophyllum nodosum, their generated alginates and all residual fractions generated in the process were characterized in terms of lipid, ash, protein content, and the carbohydrate composition and antioxidant capacities analyzed. The first fraction after acid treatment (ca. 50% of the initial dry biomass) was rich in phlorotannins (15 mg GAE/g) and bioactive fucoidans (15-70%), with a high sulfation degree in A. nodosum. Two fractions generated from the solid residue, one soluble and another insoluble (Ra and Rb, respectively), constituted 9% and 5-8% of the initial biomass and showed great potential as a source of soluble protein (30% for S. latissima), and cellulose (70%) or fucoidan, respectively. Valorization strategies are suggested for these waste streams, evidencing their high potential as bioactive, texturizing or nutritional added-value ingredients for cosmetic, food, feed or pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hylenne Bojorges
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Agustín escardin, 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria José Fabra
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Agustín escardin, 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy- Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amparo López-Rubio
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Agustín escardin, 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy- Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez-Abad
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Agustín escardin, 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy- Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Characteristics of Marine Biomaterials and Their Applications in Biomedicine. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060372. [PMID: 35736175 PMCID: PMC9228671 DOI: 10.3390/md20060372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oceans have vast potential to develop high-value bioactive substances and biomaterials. In the past decades, many biomaterials have come from marine organisms, but due to the wide variety of organisms living in the oceans, the great diversity of marine-derived materials remains explored. The marine biomaterials that have been found and studied have excellent biological activity, unique chemical structure, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and suitable degradation, and can be used as attractive tissue material engineering and regenerative medicine applications. In this review, we give an overview of the extraction and processing methods and chemical and biological characteristics of common marine polysaccharides and proteins. This review also briefly explains their important applications in anticancer, antiviral, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and other fields.
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A Brief Review on the Development of Alginate Extraction Process and Its Sustainability. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is an attractive marine resource-based biopolymer, which has been widely used in pharmaceutical, food and textile industries. This paper reviewed the latest development of the conventional and alternative processes for alginate extraction from brown seaweed. To improve extraction yield and product quality, various studies have been carried out to optimize the operation condition. Based on literature survey, the most commonly used protocol is soaking milled seaweed in 2% (w/v) formaldehyde, overnight, solid loading ratio of 1:10–20 (dry weight biomass to solution), then collecting the solid for acid pre-treatment with HCl 0.2–2% (w/v), 40–60 °C, 1:10–30 ratio for 2–4 h. Next, the solid residue from the acid pre-treatment is extracted using Na2CO3 at 2–4% (w/v), 40–60 °C, 2–3 h, 1:10–30 ratio. Then the liquid portion is precipitated by ethanol (95%+) with a ratio of 1:1 (v/v). Finally, the solid output is dried in oven at 50–60 °C. Novel extraction methods using ultrasound, microwave, enzymes and extrusion improved the extraction yield and alginate properties, but the financial benefits have not been fully justified yet. To improve the sustainable production of alginate, it is required to promote seaweed cultivation, reduce water footprint, decrease organic solvent usage and co-produce alginate with other value-added products.
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Venardou B, O'Doherty JV, Maher S, Ryan MT, Gath V, Ravindran R, Kiely C, Rajauria G, Garcia-Vaquero M, Sweeney T. Potential of a fucoidan-rich Ascophyllum nodosum extract to reduce Salmonella shedding and improve gastrointestinal health in weaned pigs naturally infected with Salmonella. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:39. [PMID: 35369884 PMCID: PMC8978420 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00685-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary supplementation with a fucoidan-rich Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE), possessing an in vitro anti-Salmonella Typhimurium activity could be a promising on-farm strategy to control Salmonella infection in pigs. The objectives of this study were to: 1) evaluate the anti-S. Typhimurium activity of ANE (containing 46.6% fucoidan, 18.6% laminarin, 10.7% mannitol, 4.6% alginate) in vitro, and; 2) compare the effects of dietary supplementation with ANE and Zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, Salmonella shedding and selected gut parameters in naturally infected pigs. This was established post-weaning (newly weaned pig experiment) and following regrouping of post-weaned pigs and experimental re-infection with S. Typhimurium (challenge experiment). RESULTS In the in vitro assay, increasing ANE concentrations led to a linear reduction in S. Typhimurium counts (P < 0.05). In the newly weaned pig experiment (12 replicates/treatment), high ANE supplementation increased gain to feed ratio, similar to ZnO supplementation, and reduced faecal Salmonella counts on d 21 compared to the low ANE and control groups (P < 0.05). The challenge experiment included thirty-six pigs from the previous experiment that remained on their original dietary treatments (control and high ANE groups with the latter being renamed to ANE group) apart from the ZnO group which transitioned onto a control diet on d 21 (ZnO-residual group). These dietary treatments had no effect on performance, faecal scores, Salmonella shedding or colonic and caecal Salmonella counts (P > 0.05). ANE supplementation decreased the Enterobacteriaceae counts compared to the control. Enterobacteriaceae counts were also reduced in the ZnO-residual group compared to the control (P < 0.05). ANE supplementation decreased the expression of interleukin 22 and transforming growth factor beta 1 in the ileum compared to the control (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ANE supplementation was associated with some beneficial changes in the composition of the colonic microbiota, Salmonella shedding, and the expression of inflammatory genes associated with persistent Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigkita Venardou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - John V O'Doherty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Shane Maher
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Marion T Ryan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Vivian Gath
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Rajeev Ravindran
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Claire Kiely
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Gaurav Rajauria
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Torres Sweeney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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17
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Yang M, Zhou D, Xiao H, Fu X, Kong Q, Zhu C, Han Z, Mou H. Marine-derived uronic acid-containing polysaccharides: Structures, sources, production, and nutritional functions. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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18
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Application of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and Non-Thermal Plasma for Fucus virsoides and Cystoseira barbata Polysaccharides Pre-Treatment and Extraction. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown algae Fucus virsoides and Cystoseira barbata are an abundant source of sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan, which has shown a wide range of biological activities. These activities are significantly dependent on the fucoidan chemical composition, which is closely linked with the applied extraction technique and process parameters. In order to overcome the drawbacks of lengthy conventional extraction (CE), advanced extraction techniques, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and non-thermal plasma (NTP), were applied. Furthermore, this study also investigated the efficiency of different solvents as well as UAE and NTP as 5 min pre-treatments prior to CE as a more effective course of cell wall breakage and, consequently, a higher polysaccharide yield (%PS). Apart from %PS, the effect of this procedure on the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of the extracted polysaccharides was also monitored. When comparing the extraction solvent, the application of 0.1 M H2SO4, instead of H2O, resulted in a three-fold higher %PS, a higher sulfate group, and a lower fucose content. Application of CE resulted in higher %PS, uronic acids, and fucose content as well as oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and DPPH values, while the average molecular weight (Mw), sulfate group, and glucose content were lower during CE when compared to 30 min of UAE and NTP treatment. Application of UAE and NTP as 5 min pre-treatments decreased fucose content, while %PS and sulfate content were similar to values obtained when using CE.
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19
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Velamakanni RP, Sree BS, Vuppugalla P, Velamakanni RS, Merugu R. Biopolymers from Microbial Flora. Biopolymers 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-98392-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Kumawat TK, Kumawat V, Sharma S, Sharma V, Pandit A, Kandwani N, Biyani M. Sustainable Green Methods for the Extraction of Biopolymers. Biopolymers 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-98392-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Venardou B, O’Doherty JV, Garcia-Vaquero M, Kiely C, Rajauria G, McDonnell MJ, Ryan MT, Sweeney T. Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Prebiotic Potential of Ascophyllum nodosum and Its Extracts Using Selected Bacterial Members of the Pig Gastrointestinal Microbiota. Mar Drugs 2021; 20:41. [PMID: 35049896 PMCID: PMC8778111 DOI: 10.3390/md20010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascophyllum nodosum and its extracts are promising antibacterial and prebiotic dietary supplements for pigs. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of the increasing concentrations of: (1) two whole biomass samples of A. nodosum with different harvest seasons, February (ANWB-F) and November (ANWB-N), in a weaned pig faecal batch fermentation assay, and (2) A. nodosum extracts produced using four different extraction conditions of a hydrothermal-assisted extraction methodology (ANE1-4) and conventional extraction methods with water (ANWE) and ethanol (ANEE) as solvent in individual pure culture growth assays using a panel of beneficial and pathogenic bacterial strains. In the batch fermentation assay, ANWB-F reduced Bifidobacterium spp. counts (p < 0.05) while ANWB-N increased total bacterial counts and reduced Bifidobacterium spp. and Enterobacteriaceae counts (p < 0.05). Of the ANE1-4, produced from ANWB-F, ANWE and ANEE that were evaluated in the pure culture growth assays, the most interesting extracts were the ANE1 that reduced Salmonella Typhimurium, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and B. thermophilum counts and the ANE4 that stimulated B. thermophilum growth (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the extraction method and conditions influenced the bioactivities of the A. nodosum extracts with ANE1 and ANE4 exhibiting distinct antibacterial and prebiotic properties in vitro, respectively, that merit further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigkita Venardou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland; (B.V.); (M.T.R.)
| | - John V. O’Doherty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland; (J.V.O.); (M.G.-V.); (C.K.); (G.R.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland; (J.V.O.); (M.G.-V.); (C.K.); (G.R.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Claire Kiely
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland; (J.V.O.); (M.G.-V.); (C.K.); (G.R.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Gaurav Rajauria
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland; (J.V.O.); (M.G.-V.); (C.K.); (G.R.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Mary J. McDonnell
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland; (J.V.O.); (M.G.-V.); (C.K.); (G.R.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Marion T. Ryan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland; (B.V.); (M.T.R.)
| | - Torres Sweeney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland; (B.V.); (M.T.R.)
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22
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Saifullah M, Akanbi TO, McCullum R, Vuong QV. Optimization of Commercial Microwave Assisted-Extraction Conditions for Recovery of Phenolics from Lemon-Scented Tee Tree ( Leptospermum petersonii) and Comparison with Other Extraction Techniques. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010050. [PMID: 35010175 PMCID: PMC8750632 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The lemon-scented tea tree (LSTT) is an Australian native herb and is a rich source of essential oil and phenolics. The ETHOS X extraction system is known as a commercial microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) system for extracting bioactive compounds from plant materials. This study investigated the influence of soaking time, radiation time, microwave power, and sample to solvent ratio on the extraction efficiency of polyphenols and antioxidant properties from lemon-scented tea tree leaves and optimized the extraction conditions using response surface methodology (RSM). The effectiveness of ETHOS X was further compared with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and shaking water bath (SWB) techniques. The results revealed that soaking time did not significantly affect the recovery of phenolics from the leaves (p > 0.05). Thus, soaking is not required for the ETHOS X extraction of polyphenols from LSTT leaves. RSM was successfully applied to explore the impact of ETHOS X extraction conditions and optimize the extraction conditions. Radiation time significantly affects the recovery yield of phenolics (p < 0.05) positively, whereas irradiation power and sample to solvent ratio adversely influenced the extraction yields of phenolics. The optimal ETHOS X extraction conditions were: radiation time of 60 min, irradiation power of 600 W, and sample to solvent ratio of 2 g/100 mL. Under these conditions, 119.21 ± 7.09 mg of phenolic, 85.31 ± 4.55 mg of flavonoids, and 137.51 ± 12.52 mg of proanthocyanidins can be extracted from a gram of dried LSTT leaves. In comparison with UAE and SWB, ETHOS X is not more effective for the extraction of phenolics than UAE and SWB. However, this technique can save half of the solvent volume compared to UAE and SWB techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saifullah
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia; (M.S.); (T.O.A.); (R.M.)
- Department of Agro Product Processing Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Taiwo Olusesan Akanbi
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia; (M.S.); (T.O.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Rebecca McCullum
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia; (M.S.); (T.O.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Quan Van Vuong
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia; (M.S.); (T.O.A.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Queffelec J, Flórez-Fernández N, Domínguez H, Torres MD. Microwave hydrothermal processing of Undaria pinnatifida for bioactive peptides. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:125882. [PMID: 34560434 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microwave hydrothermal processing was employed to obtain valuable gelling or bioactive fractions from U. pinnatifida, assessing the processing conditions following a biorefinery concept. It was identified a relevant impact on the antioxidant properties, sulfate, protein and oligosaccharides content, with the highest values above 200 °C, although the maximum in fucose was obtained at 160 °C. The lowest temperature involved the highest minerals and sulfate content of the solid phases. Rheology indicated that hydrothermal treatment at 160 °C is adequate to extract alginates with structural and viscoelastic properties similar to those commercially available. The incorporation of the hydrothermal residual solids in the proposed alginate matrices favored the development of systems with potential non-food applications applications. Selected extracts, after an intensification stage using ultrasound, featured interesting biological activities for two human cancer cell lines (A2780; HeLa 229) with percentage of cellular inhibition > 83 and 57%, without positive effects on A549 and HCT-116.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Queffelec
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Deparment of Chemical Engineering, Campus Ourense, Edificio Politécnico, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain; IMT Mines Albi, Allée des Sciences, 81000 Albi, France
| | - N Flórez-Fernández
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Deparment of Chemical Engineering, Campus Ourense, Edificio Politécnico, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - H Domínguez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Deparment of Chemical Engineering, Campus Ourense, Edificio Politécnico, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - M D Torres
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Deparment of Chemical Engineering, Campus Ourense, Edificio Politécnico, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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24
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Montes L, Gisbert M, Hinojosa I, Sineiro J, Moreira R. Impact of drying on the sodium alginate obtained after polyphenols ultrasound-assisted extraction from Ascophyllum nodosum seaweeds. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118455. [PMID: 34420715 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of polyphenols from the brown seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum leaves a solid phase where alginates can be extracted. This study characterizes alginates extracted after the UAE process, with and without an intermediate drying stage at different temperatures (50 and 90 °C) producing sequentially two bioactive compounds from a unique raw material. FT-IR and 1H NMR analyses showed the high purity of alginates with features in the range of commercial alginates. Drying at high temperature decreased average block length and viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of alginate from 428 to 133 kg/mol. Steady-shear curves (shear-thinning behaviour) and viscoelasticity (liquid like character) features depended clearly on Mv. Solutions of alginates with high Mv were more viscous and the elastic character was more relevant. Cox-Merz rule was only accomplished within the semi-dilute regimes of alginate concentration. Tested process conditions allow the production of alginates with different properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Montes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain.
| | - Mauro Gisbert
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Hinojosa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain.
| | - Jorge Sineiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain.
| | - Ramón Moreira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain.
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Zhang X, Border A, Goosen N, Thomsen M. Environmental life cycle assessment of cascade valorisation strategies of South African macroalga Ecklonia maxima using green extraction technologies. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Dobrinčić A, Pedisić S, Zorić Z, Jurin M, Roje M, Čož-Rakovac R, Dragović-Uzelac V. Microwave Assisted Extraction and Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Fucus virsoides and Cystoseira barbata. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071481. [PMID: 34202221 PMCID: PMC8307558 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan isolated from brown algae shows a wide range of biological activities that are significantly dependent on its chemical composition, which is closely related to the applied technique and extraction parameters. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) parameters (solvent, temperature, time, and number of cycles) on the Fucus virsoides and Cystoseira barbata polysaccharide yield (%PS) and chemical composition (total sugar, fucose, and sulfate group). The optimal MAE parameters that resulted in the highest polysaccharide extraction from F. virsoides and C. barbata were 0.1 M H2SO4 for 10 min at 80 °C, while the optimal PLE parameters were 0.1 M H2SO4, for two cycles of 15 min at 140 °C. Furthermore, the %PS, chemical structure, molecular properties, and antioxidant activity of the F. virsoides and C. barbata polysaccharide extracts obtained with MAE, PLE, and conventional extraction (CE) performed under previously determinate optimal conditions were compared. PLE resulted in a significantly higher %PS from F. virsoides, while for C. barbata, a similar yield was achieved with CE and PLE, as well as CE and MAE, for both algae. Furthermore, the polysaccharides obtained using PLE had the highest polydispersity index, fucose, and sulfate group content, and the lowest uronic acid content; however their antioxidant activity was lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dobrinčić
- Faculty of Food Technology & Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.D.); (S.P.); (Z.Z.); (V.D.-U.)
| | - Sandra Pedisić
- Faculty of Food Technology & Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.D.); (S.P.); (Z.Z.); (V.D.-U.)
| | - Zoran Zorić
- Faculty of Food Technology & Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.D.); (S.P.); (Z.Z.); (V.D.-U.)
| | - Mladenka Jurin
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Biljenička cesta, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (R.Č.-R.)
| | - Marin Roje
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Biljenička cesta, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (R.Č.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-456-1029
| | | | - Verica Dragović-Uzelac
- Faculty of Food Technology & Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.D.); (S.P.); (Z.Z.); (V.D.-U.)
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Gómez-Mascaraque LG, Martínez-Sanz M, Martínez-López R, Martínez-Abad A, Panikuttira B, López-Rubio A, Tuohy MG, Hogan SA, Brodkorb A. Characterization and gelling properties of a bioactive extract from Ascophyllum nodosum obtained using a chemical-free approach. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:354-364. [PMID: 34142096 PMCID: PMC8187937 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioactivity and gelling properties of a carbohydrate-rich algal extract obtained from locally harvested Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed using a chemical-free approach were investigated for its potential interest in food applications. Physicochemical characterisation and compositional analysis of the extract, using FTIR, biochemical methods and monosaccharide analysis, confirmed the presence of alginates and fucoidans, although the main polysaccharide present in it was laminarin. Significant amounts of phenolic compounds (~9 mg phloroglucinol/100 mg sample) were also detected. As a result, the extract exhibited good antioxidant activity. It also showed promising prebiotic potential, promoting the growth of beneficial Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacteria sp. when compared with commercial prebiotics, but not that of pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli or P. aeruginosa. The gelling properties of the raw extract were explored to optimize hydrogel bead formation by external gelation in CaCl2 solutions. This was enhanced at neutral to alkaline pHs and high extract and CaCl2 concentrations. The mechanical strength, nano- and microstructure of the hydrogel beads prepared under optimised conditions were determined using compression tests, synchrotron small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was concluded that the raw algal extract at neutral pH had potential for use as a gelling agent, although further enrichment with alginate improved the mechanical properties of the obtained gels. The advantages and disadvantages of applying the non-purified algal extract in comparison with purified carbohydrates are discussed. Carbohydrate-rich extract from A. nodosum obtained using a chemical-free process. The algal extract exhibited in-vitro antioxidant and prebiotic properties. Beads were obtained by external gelation of the extract at neutral to alkaline pH. Enrichment with alginate improved the mechanical properties of the gels. Components of the extract acted as fillers, reducing structural changes upon drying.
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Key Words
- AAE, ascorbic acid equivalents
- ATR, attenuated total reflectance
- Algae
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- FOS, fructooligosaccharides
- FTIR, Fourier transfrom infrared spectroscopy
- G, α-L-guluronic acid
- GOS, galactooligosaccharides
- Hydrogel
- M, β-D-mannuronic acid
- NCF, protein conversion factor
- OD, optical density
- PGE, phloroglucinol equivalents
- Polysaccharide
- SAXS
- SAXS, small-angle X-ray scattering
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- Seaweed
- TE, Trolox equivalents
- WAXS, wide-angle X-ray scattering
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Martínez-Sanz
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, IATA-CSIC, Avda. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Martínez-Abad
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, IATA-CSIC, Avda. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Amparo López-Rubio
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, IATA-CSIC, Avda. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria G Tuohy
- School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sean A Hogan
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - André Brodkorb
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
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Kartik A, Akhil D, Lakshmi D, Panchamoorthy Gopinath K, Arun J, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A. A critical review on production of biopolymers from algae biomass and their applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 329:124868. [PMID: 33707076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Algae is abundantly present in our ecosystems and can be easily extracted and used for production of biopolymers. Algae does not produce any anthropogenic, harmful effects, has a good growth rate, and cultivable in wastewater. This literature elucidates the potential of algae biomass by comparing various seaweed and microalgae strains. The routes for biopolymer production were portrayed and their novel methods of isolation such as microwave assisted, ultrasound assisted, and subcritical water assisted extraction are discussed in detail. These novel methods are observed to be highly efficient compared to conventional solvent extraction, with the microwave assisted and ultrasound assisted processes yielding 33% and 5% more biopolymer respectively than the conventional method. Biopolymers are used in variety of applications such as environmental remediation, adsorbent and antioxidant. Biopolymer is shown to be highly effective in the removal of potentially toxic elements and is seen to extract more than 40 mg PTE/g biopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashokkumar Kartik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dilipkumar Akhil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Divya Lakshmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayaseelan Arun
- Centre for Waste Management, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Karakteristik Fisiko-Kimia Ekstrak Etanolik Kulit Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) yang Diekstrak Menggunakan Microwave-Assisted Extraction. JURNAL APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI PANGAN 2021. [DOI: 10.17728/jatp.7099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kulit bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) mengandung senyawa fitokimia yang bisa berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi etanol dan lama ekstraksi terhadap karakteristik fisik-kimia ekstrak kulit bawang merah menggunakan microwave-assisted extraction. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua faktor yaitu faktor konsentrasi etanol (70, 80, dan 90%) dan lama waktu ekstraksi (10, 20 dan 30 menit). Setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi etanol memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (α=0,05) terhadap total fenol, total flavonoid, aktivitas antioksidan, sifat kemerahan (a*) dan kekuningan (b*). Kondisi ekstraksi yang optimum untuk kulit bawang merah adalah 70% etanol dan lama ekstraksi 20 menit. Ekstrak yang dihasilkan mempunyai karakteristik sebagai berikut: total fenol 31,34±2,28 mg GAE/g; total flavonoid 26,12±0,75 mg QE/g; dan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 65,94±0,55 %, nilai kecerahan (L*) 26,2 ± 0,12; nilai kemerahan (a*) -1,0 ± 0,44; nilai kekuningan (b*) 3,6 ± 0,17. Kesimpulannya, konsentrasi etanol dan lama ekstraksi mempengaruhi sifat fisik-kimia ekstrak kulit bawang merah.AbstractShallot skin (Allium ascalonicum L.) contains phytochemicals that can be a source of natural antioxidants. This research was done to study ethanol concentration and extraction time on the physicochemical characteristic of shallot skin extract using microwave-assisted extraction. This research used Randomized Block Design with two factors that were ethanol concentration (70, 80 and 90%) and extraction time (10, 20 and 30 min.). Each combination of the treatment was repeated in three times. The results showed that ethanol concentration and extraction time gave significant effect (α=0.05) on total phenol, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, redness (a*), and yellowish (b*). The optimum extraction condition for shallot skin was 70% ethanol and 20 min of extraction. The extract had characteristics as follows: total phenol 31.34±2.28 mg GAE/g; total flavonoid 26.12±0.75 mg QE/g; antioxidant activity 65.94±0.55 %, brightness value (L*) of 26.2 ± 0.12; redness value (a*) of -1.0 ± 0.44; yellowish value (b*) of 3.6 ± 0.17. As conclusion, ethanol concentration and extraction time affected physicochemical characteristic of shallot skin extract.
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Kapoore RV, Wood EE, Llewellyn CA. Algae biostimulants: A critical look at microalgal biostimulants for sustainable agricultural practices. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 49:107754. [PMID: 33892124 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For the growing human population to be sustained during present climatic changes, enhanced quality and quantity of crops are essential to enable food security worldwide. The current consensus is that we need to make a transition from a petroleum-based to a bio-based economy via the development of a sustainable circular economy and biorefinery approaches. Both macroalgae (seaweeds) and microalgae have been long considered a rich source of plant biostimulants with an attractive business opportunity in agronomy and agro-industries. To date, macroalgae biostimulants have been well explored. In contrast, microalgal biostimulants whilst known to have positive effects on development, growth and yields of crops, their commercial implementation is constrained by lack of research and cost of production. The present review highlights the current knowledge on potential biostimulatory compounds, key sources and their quantitative information from algae. Specifically, we provide an overview on the prospects of microalgal biostimulants to advance crop production and quality. Key aspects such as specific biostimulant effects caused by extracts of microalgae, feasibility and potential of co-cultures and later co-application with other biostimulants/biofertilizers are highlighted. An overview of the current knowledge, recent advances and achievements on extraction techniques, application type, application timing, current market and regulatory aspects are also discussed. Moreover, aspects involved in circular economy and biorefinery approaches are also covered, such as: integration of waste resources and implementation of high-throughput phenotyping and -omics tools in isolating novel strains, exploring synergistic interactions and illustrating the underlying mode of microalgal biostimulant action. Overall, this review highlights the current and future potential of microalgal biostimulants, algal biochemical components behind these traits and finally bottlenecks and prospects involved in the successful commercialisation of microalgal biostimulants for sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Vijay Kapoore
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Eleanor E Wood
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Carole A Llewellyn
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
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Ummat V, Sivagnanam SP, Rajauria G, O'Donnell C, Tiwari BK. Advances in pre-treatment techniques and green extraction technologies for bioactives from seaweeds. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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32
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Nilsen‐Nygaard J, Fernández EN, Radusin T, Rotabakk BT, Sarfraz J, Sharmin N, Sivertsvik M, Sone I, Pettersen MK. Current status of biobased and biodegradable food packaging materials: Impact on food quality and effect of innovative processing technologies. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:1333-1380. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Nilsen‐Nygaard
- Food Division Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture (Nofima AS) Tromsø Norway
| | | | - Tanja Radusin
- Food Division Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture (Nofima AS) Tromsø Norway
| | - Bjørn Tore Rotabakk
- Food Division Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture (Nofima AS) Tromsø Norway
| | - Jawad Sarfraz
- Food Division Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture (Nofima AS) Tromsø Norway
| | - Nusrat Sharmin
- Food Division Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture (Nofima AS) Tromsø Norway
| | - Morten Sivertsvik
- Food Division Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture (Nofima AS) Tromsø Norway
| | - Izumi Sone
- Food Division Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture (Nofima AS) Tromsø Norway
| | - Marit Kvalvåg Pettersen
- Food Division Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture (Nofima AS) Tromsø Norway
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Yuan Y, Chu D, Fan J, Zou P, Qin Y, Geng Y, Cui Z, Wang X, Zhang C, Li X, Clark J, Li Y, Wang X. Ecofriendly conversion of algal waste into valuable plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) biomass. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 120:576-584. [PMID: 33129652 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the development of marine biorefinery concept, utilisation of algal waste during industrial processing as well as some "green tide" waste biomass has become an important research topic. In this work, a single-step microwave process was used to hydrolyse Laminaria japonica processing waste (LJW) and Enteromorpha prolifera (EP), producing a growth medium suitable for microbial cultivation. The medium contained a range of mono- and polysaccharides as well as macro- and micronutrients that could be used by the microbes. The cultivation behavior of three plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains (Bacillus subtilis strain Tpb55, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain Cas02, and Burkholderia pyrrocinia strain Lyc2) in the two media were investigated. LJW hydrolysate from 180 °C and EP hydrolysate from 150 °C performed better cultivation efficiency than those hydrolysates from other microwave conditions. Saccharide analysis showed that microbes metabolized some monosaccharide such as glucose, mannose during cultivation, leaving polysaccharide unused in the medium. Furthermore, hydrolysate-strain cultivation mixtures were applied to pepper growth. The EP hydrolysate-Cas02 broth showed better plant growth-promoting effect compared to other treatments, which might be attributed to the higher indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production of Cas02 in the EP hydrolysate. This work shed lights on the conversion of algal waste to PGPR biomass as well as the co-application of algal hydrolysates- strains cultivation broth for a better plant growth promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Depeng Chu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Ping Zou
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yimin Qin
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Seaweed Fertilizers, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Yuting Geng
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Zhenzhen Cui
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Seaweed Fertilizers, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000,China
| | - James Clark
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Gallagher JA, Adams JMM, Turner LB, Kirby ME, Toop TA, Mirza MW, Theodorou MK. Bio-processing of macroalgae Palmaria palmata: metabolite fractionation from pressed fresh material and ensiling considerations for long-term storage. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2021; 33:533-544. [PMID: 33568889 PMCID: PMC7854442 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-020-02295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Red algae, belonging to the phylum Rhodophyta, contain an abundance of useful chemicals including bioactive molecules and present opportunities for the production of different products through biorefinery cascades. The rhodophyte Palmaria palmata, commonly termed dulse or dillisk, grows predominantly on the northern coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and is a well-known snack food. Due to its abundance, availability and cultivation capacity, P. palmata was selected for study as a potential candidate for a biorefinery process. In addition to studying juice and solid fractions of freshly harvested P. palmata, we have investigated the novel possibility of preserving algal biomass by ensilaging protocols similar to those employed for terrestrial forage crops. In the metabolite partitioning within the solid and liquid fractions following screw-pressing, the majority of the metabolites screened for-water soluble carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, lipids, pigments, phenolics and antioxidant activity-remained in the solid fraction, though at differing proportions depending on the metabolite, from 70.8% soluble amino acids to 98.2% chlorophyll a and 98.1% total carotenoids. For the ensiling study, screw-pressed P. palmata, with comparative wilted and chopped, and chopped only samples, were ensiled at scale with and without Safesil silage additive. All samples were successfully ensiled after 90 days, with screw-pressing giving lower or equal pH before and after ensiling compared with the other preparations. Of particular note was the effluent volumes generated during ensiling: 26-49% of the fresh weight, containing 16-34% of the silage dry matter. This may be of advantage depending on the final use of the biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Gallagher
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EE UK
| | - J. M. M. Adams
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EE UK
| | - L. B. Turner
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EE UK
| | - M. E. Kirby
- Agricultural Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems, Department of Agriculture and the Environment, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB UK
| | - T. A. Toop
- Agricultural Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems, Department of Agriculture and the Environment, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB UK
| | - M. W. Mirza
- Agricultural Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems, Department of Agriculture and the Environment, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB UK
| | - M. K. Theodorou
- Agricultural Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems, Department of Agriculture and the Environment, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB UK
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Zhang R, Yuen AK, de Nys R, Masters AF, Maschmeyer T. Step by step extraction of bio-actives from the brown seaweeds, Carpophyllum flexuosum, Carpophyllum plumosum, Ecklonia radiata and Undaria pinnatifida. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ponce NMA, Stortz CA. A Comprehensive and Comparative Analysis of the Fucoidan Compositional Data Across the Phaeophyceae. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:556312. [PMID: 33324429 PMCID: PMC7723892 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.556312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In the current review, compositional data on fucoidans extracted from more than hundred different species were surveyed through the available literature. The analysis of crude extracts, purified extracts or carefully isolated fractions is included in tabular form, discriminating the seaweed source by its taxonomical order (and sometimes the family). This survey was able to encounter some similarities between the different species, as well as some differences. Fractions which were obtained through anion-exchange chromatography or cationic detergent precipitation showed the best separation patterns: the fractions with low charge correspond mostly to highly heterogeneous fucoidans, containing (besides fucose) other monosaccharides like xylose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid, and contain low-sulfate/high uronic acid proportions, whereas those with higher total charge usually contain mainly fucose, accompanied with variable proportions of galactose, are highly sulfated and show almost no uronic acids. The latter fractions are usually the most biologically active. Fractions containing intermediate proportions of both polysaccharides appear at middle ionic strengths. This pattern is common for all the orders of brown seaweeds, and most differences appear from the seaweed source (habitat, season), and from the diverse extraction, purification, and analytitcal methods. The Dictyotales appear to be the most atypical order, as usually large proportions of mannose and uronic acids appear, and thus they obscure the differences between the fractions with different charge. Within the family Alariaceae (order Laminariales), the presence of sulfated galactofucans with high galactose content (almost equal to that of fucose) is especially noteworthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora M. A. Ponce
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR/CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos A. Stortz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR/CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Innovative processing strategies and technologies to obtain hydrocolloids from macroalgae for food applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 248:116784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Okolie CL, Mason B, Mohan A, Pitts N, Udenigwe CC. Extraction technology impacts on the structure-function relationship between sodium alginate extracts and their in vitro prebiotic activity. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Cascaded valorization of seaweed using microbial cell factories. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 65:102-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Greetham D, Adams JM, Du C. The utilization of seawater for the hydrolysis of macroalgae and subsequent bioethanol fermentation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9728. [PMID: 32546695 PMCID: PMC7297732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66610-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel seawater-based pretreatment process was developed to improve the hydrolysis yield of brown (Laminaria digitata), green (Ulva linza) and red (Porphyra umbilicalis) macroalgae. Pre-treated with 5% sulphuric acid at 121 °C, 15 minutes, L. digitata, U. linza and P. umbilicalis liberated 64.63 ± 0.30%, 69.19 ± 0.11% and 63.03 ± 0.04% sugar in seawater compared with 52.82 ± 0.16%, 45.93 ± 0.37% and 48.60 ± 0.07% in reverse-osmosis water, respectively. Low hydrolysis yields (2.6-11.7%) were observed in alkali and hydrothermal pretreatment of macroalgae, although seawater led to relatively higher yields. SEM images of hydrolyzed macroalgae showed that reverse-osmosis water caused contortions in the remaining cell walls following acid and hydrothermal pre-treatments in the L. digitata and U. linza samples. Fed-batch fermentations using concentrated green seaweed hydrolysates and seawater with marine yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus M15 produced 48.24 ± 0.01 g/L ethanol with an overall yield of 0.329 g/g available sugars. Overall, using seawater in hydrolysis of seaweed increased sugar hydrolysis yield and subsequent bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Greetham
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica M Adams
- IBERS, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EE, United Kingdom
| | - Chenyu Du
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, United Kingdom.
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Optimization of extraction technology of poly-mannuronic acid to a green delivery system for the water-insoluble pesticide, λ-Cyhalothrin. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Venkatesan J, Anil S, Rao S, Bhatnagar I, Kim SK. Sulfated Polysaccharides from Macroalgae for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1200-1209. [PMID: 31465280 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190425161630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Utilization of macroalgae has gained much attention in the field of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, food and bioenergy. Macroalgae has been widely consumed in Asian countries as food from ancient days and proved that it has potential bioactive compounds which are responsible for its nutritional properties. Macroalgae consists of a diverse range of bioactive compounds including proteins, lipids, pigments, polysaccharides, etc. Polysaccharides from macroalgae have been utilized in food industries as gelling agents and drug excipients in the pharmaceutical industries owing to their biocompatibility and gel forming properties. Exploration of macroalgae derived sulfated polysaccharides in biomedical applications is increasing recently. METHODS In the current review, we have provided information of three different sulfated polysaccharides such as carrageenan, fucoidan and ulvan and their isolation procedure (enzymatic precipitation, microwave assisted method, and enzymatic hydrolysis method), structural details, and their biomedical applications exclusively for bone tissue repair and regeneration. RESULTS From the scientific results on sulfated polysaccharides from macroalgae, we conclude that sulfated polysaccharides have exceptional properties in terms of hydrogel-forming ability, scaffold formation, and mimicking the extracellular matrix, increasing alkaline phosphatase activity, enhancement of biomineralization ability and stem cell differentiation for bone tissue regeneration. CONCLUSION Overall, sulfated polysaccharides from macroalgae may be promising biomaterials in bone tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayachandran Venkatesan
- Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Department of Dentistry, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sneha Rao
- Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Ira Bhatnagar
- CSIR-Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Clinical Research Facility, Medical Biotechnology Complex, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Korean Maritime and Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-Gu, Busan 49112, Korea
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Yuan Y, Zou P, Zhou J, Geng Y, Fan J, Clark J, Li Y, Zhang C. Microwave-assisted hydrothermal extraction of non-structural carbohydrates and hemicelluloses from tobacco biomass. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 223:115043. [PMID: 31426995 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microwave-assisted hydrothermal extraction of non-structural carbohydrates and hemicelluloses from tobacco biomass was investigated. Non-structural carbohydrates extraction was optimized by an Optimal design. The maximum yields for the leaf and stem were 118.57 mg/g and 120.33 mg/g biomass, respectively. The extracted stem residue was further treated for hemicelluloses extraction. A temperature of 200 °C without holding was proved to be the most efficient condition to produce a hemicelluloses yield of 105.15 mg/g. GPC results showed that the Mw values of precipitated hemicelluloses decreased from 143.5 kDa to 13.25 kDa with increasing temperature and holding time, while the un-precipitated fraction were ranging from 11.83 to 4.88 kDa. Monosaccharide analysis revealed that hemicelluloses extracted at lower temperature are heterogeneous compositional type, including xylan, glucuronoxylan and xylanglucan, while the ratio of xylose increased significantly (up to 72.64%) with increasing temperature. The developed microwave-assisted hydrothermal extraction process opens new avenues for a sustainable tobacco-based biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Ping Zou
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jinhui Zhou
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yuting Geng
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - James Clark
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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Beata Łabowska M, Michalak I, Detyna J. Methods of extraction, physicochemical properties of alginates and their applications in biomedical field – a review. OPEN CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2019-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this paper, the current state-of-art of extraction of alginates and the determination of their physico-chemical properties as well as their overall applications focussing on biomedical purposes has been presented. The quality and quantity of the alginate obtained with a variable yield prepared from brown seaweeds as a result of many factors, such as type of algae, extraction methods, chemical modification and others. Alginates are mainly extracted by using conventional alkaline extraction. However, novel extraction techniques such as microwave and ultrasound assisted extractions have gained a lot of interest. The extraction parameters (e.g., temperature and time of extraction) have critical impact on the alginate physiochemical and mechanical properties and thus, their potential applications. By controlling a chemical process makes it possible get various forms of alginates, such as fibres, films, hydrogels or foams. It is important to characterise the obtained alginates in order to their proper applications. This article presents several techniques used for the analysis of alginate properties. These natural polysaccharides are widely used in the commercial production, as a food ingredient, in the pharmaceutical industry due to their antibacterial, anticancer and probiotic properties. Their gelling characteristic and absorbable properties enable using alginates as a wound management material. Moreover, they are also biocompatible, non-toxic and biodegradable, therefore adequate in other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Beata Łabowska
- Department of Mechanics, Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Detyna
- Department of Mechanics, Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370Wrocław, Poland
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Zhou J, Zou P, Jing C, Xu Z, Zhou S, Li Y, Zhang C, Yuan Y. Chemical characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Apocynum venetum leaves extracted by different solvents. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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46
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Dave N, Selvaraj R, Varadavenkatesan T, Vinayagam R. A critical review on production of bioethanol from macroalgal biomass. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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47
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Yang Z, Yin J, Wang Y, Wang J, Xia B, Li T, Yang X, Hu S, Ji C, Guo S. The fucoidan A3 from the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum enhances RCT-related genes expression in hyperlipidemic C57BL/6J mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 134:759-769. [PMID: 31100394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) has been demonstrated to reduce hyperlipidemia, and fucoidans are found to possess hypolipidemic effect. This study was designed to investigate the lipid-lowering effect of the fucoidan from the brown seaweed A. nodosum and whether it improves RCT-related genes expression in C57 BL/6J mice. Our results indicated that fucoidan A3 (100 mg/kg/day) intervention significantly reduced plasma total cholesterol (~23.2%), triglyceride (~48.7%) and fat pad index. This fucoidan significantly increased the mRNA expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), scavenger receptor B type 1 (SR-B1), cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase A1 (CYP7A1), liver X receptor (LXR) β, ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC) A1 and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) 1c, and decreased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, however, it had no effect on the expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, PPARα, LXRα, SREBP-2, ABCG1, ABCG8 and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1. These results demonstrated that this fucoidan improved lipid transfer from plasma to the liver by activating SR-B1 and LDLR, and up-regulated lipid metabolism by activating LXRβ, ABCA1 and CYP7A1. In conclusion, this fucoidan lowers lipid by enhancing RCT-related genes expression, and it can be explored as a potential candidate for prevention or treatment of lipid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixun Yang
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; College of Pharmacy Engineering Research Center for Medicine, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Jiayu Yin
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; College of Pharmacy Engineering Research Center for Medicine, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Nanjing Well Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; College of Pharmacy Engineering Research Center for Medicine, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Ting Li
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; College of Pharmacy Engineering Research Center for Medicine, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yang
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; College of Pharmacy Engineering Research Center for Medicine, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Shumei Hu
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Chenfeng Ji
- College of Pharmacy Engineering Research Center for Medicine, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Shoudong Guo
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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Yin J, Wang J, Li F, Yang Z, Yang X, Sun W, Xia B, Li T, Song W, Guo S. The fucoidan from the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum ameliorates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:5124-5139. [PMID: 31364648 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00619b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a major cause of atherosclerosis. Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is believed to attenuate hyperlipidemia and the progression of atherosclerosis. Although fucoidans are reported to have hypolipidemic effects, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Furthermore, few reports have revealed the anti-atherosclerotic effects and the underlying mechanisms of fucoidans. This study was designed to investigate the anti-atherosclerotic effect and mechanisms of the fucoidan from seaweed A. nodosum. Our results demonstrated that the fucoidan administration ameliorated atherosclerotic lesion and lipid profiles in a dose-dependent manner in the apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice fed a high-fat diet. In the apoE-/- mice liver, the fucoidan treatment significantly increased the expression of scavenger receptor B type 1 (SR-B1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α and β, liver X receptor (LXR) α, ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC) A1 and ABCG8; and markedly decreased the expression of PPARγ and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) 1c, but not low-density lipoprotein receptor, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase A1, LXRβ and ABCG1. In the small intestine of the apoE-/- mice, the fucoidan treatment significantly reduced the expression of Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) and dramatically improved ABCG8 levels. These results demonstrated for the first time that the fucoidan from A. nodosum attenuated atherosclerosis by regulating RCT-related genes and proteins expression in apoE-/- mice. In summary, this fucoidan from A. nodosum may be explored as a potential compound for prevention or treatment of hyperlipidemia-induced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Yin
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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Shukla PS, Mantin EG, Adil M, Bajpai S, Critchley AT, Prithiviraj B. Ascophyllum nodosum-Based Biostimulants: Sustainable Applications in Agriculture for the Stimulation of Plant Growth, Stress Tolerance, and Disease Management. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:655. [PMID: 31191576 PMCID: PMC6548832 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic stresses limit the growth and productivity of plants. In the current global scenario, in order to meet the requirements of the ever-increasing world population, chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers are used to boost agricultural production. These harmful chemicals pose a serious threat to the health of humans, animals, plants, and the entire biosphere. To minimize the agricultural chemical footprint, extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE) have been explored for their ability to improve plant growth and agricultural productivity. The scientific literature reviewed in this article attempts to explain how certain bioactive compounds present in extracts aid to improve plant tolerances to abiotic and/or biotic stresses, plant growth promotion, and their effects on root/microbe interactions. These reports have highlighted the use of various seaweed extracts in improving nutrient use efficiency in treated plants. These studies include investigations of physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms as evidenced using model plants. However, the various modes of action of A. nodosum extracts have not been previously reviewed. The information presented in this review depicts the multiple, beneficial effects of A. nodosum-based biostimulant extracts on plant growth and their defense responses and suggests new opportunities for further applications for marked benefits in production and quality in the agriculture and horticultural sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushp Sheel Shukla
- Marine Bio-products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Emily Grace Mantin
- Marine Bio-products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Mohd Adil
- Marine Bio-products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Sruti Bajpai
- Marine Bio-products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Alan T. Critchley
- Research & Development, Acadian Seaplants Limited, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
| | - Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
- Marine Bio-products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
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50
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Okolie CL, Mason B, Mohan A, Pitts N, Udenigwe CC. The comparative influence of novel extraction technologies on in vitro prebiotic-inducing chemical properties of fucoidan extracts from Ascophyllum nodosum. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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