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Chen C, Chen F, Gu L, Jiang Y, Cai Z, Zhao Y, Chen L, Zhu Z, Liu X. Discovery and validation of COX2 as a target of flavonoids in Apocyni Veneti Folium: Implications for the treatment of liver injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117919. [PMID: 38364933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Apocyni Veneti Folium (AVF), a popular traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is known for its effects in soothing the liver and nerves and eliminating heat and water. It is relevant from an ethnopharmacological perspective. Pharmacological research has confirmed its benefits on antihypertension, antihyperlipidemia, antidepression, liver protection, immune system boosting, antiaging, and diabetic vascular lesions. Previous studies have shown that flavonoids, the active ingredients, have a hepatoprotective effect. However, the exact mechanism has not been clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to identify the active flavonoids in AVF and their corresponding targets for liver injury. Multiple methods were introduced to confirm the targets. MATERIAL AND METHODS AVF compounds were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Then, network pharmacology was utilized to screen potential hepatoprotection targets of the compounds. An enzyme activity assay was performed to determine the effect of the compounds on the targets. Biolayer interferometry (BLI) was applied to confirm the direct interaction between the compounds and the targets. RESULTS A total of 71 compounds were identified by LC-MS and 19 compounds and 112 shared targets were screened using network pharmacology. These common targets were primarily involved in the TNF signaling pathway, cancer pathways, hepatitis B, drug responses, and negative regulation of the apoptotic process. Flavonoids were the primary pharmacological substance basis of AVF. The cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) protein was one of the direct targets of flavonoids in AVF. The enzyme activity assay and BLI-based intermolecular interactions demonstrated that the compounds astragalin, isoquercitrin, and hyperoside exhibited stronger inhibition of enzyme activity and a higher affinity with COX2 compared to epigallocatechin, quercetin, and catechin. CONCLUSIONS COX2 was preliminarily identified as a target of flavonoids, and the mechanism of the hepatoprotective effect of AVF might be linked to flavonoids inhibiting the activity of COX2. The findings can establish the foundation for future research on the traditional hepatoprotective effect of AVF on the liver and for clinical studies on liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihua Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Feiyan Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ling Gu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yucui Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhichen Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yunan Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhu Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xunhong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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2
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Mohmad Saberi SE, Chua LS. Potential of rosmarinic acid from Orthosiphon aristatus extract for inflammatory induced diseases and its mechanisms of action. Life Sci 2023; 333:122170. [PMID: 37827234 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Orthosiphon aristatus has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb for various illnesses in Southeast Asia and Europe. The most dominant bioactive compound of the herb is rosmarinic acid (RosA) which has been demonstrated for its remarkable anti-inflammatory properties. This review describes the recent progress of studies on multi-target molecular pathways of RosA in relation to targeted inflammatory-associated diseases. An inclusive literature search was conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer Link, PubMed, Medline, Wiley and Science Direct for studies reporting on the anti-inflammatory actions of RosA from 2008 until 2023. The keywords of the search were RosA and anti-inflammatory in relation to hepatoprotective, chondroprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and toxicity. Only publications that are written in English are included in this review. The inhibition and deactivation of pro-inflammatory biomolecules by RosA were explained based on the initial inflammation stimuli and their location in the body. The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 expression to inhibit NF-κB pathway is the key mechanism for hepatoprotection. Besides NF-κB inhibition, RosA activates PPARγ to alleviate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury for cardioprotection. The regulation of MAPK and T-cell activation is important for chondroprotection, whereas the anti-oxidant property of RosA is the main contributor of neuroprotection. Even though less studies on the anti-inflammation of RosA extracts from O. aristatus, but the effective pharmacological properties of RosA has promoted it as a natural potent lead for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salfarina Ezrina Mohmad Saberi
- Herbal and Phytochemical Unit, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Suan Chua
- Herbal and Phytochemical Unit, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
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3
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Golubev AS, Ostapchuk PN, Strelkova TV, Kagramanov ND, Suponitsky KY, Takazova RU, Chkanikov ND. Synthesis of 4-trifluoromethyl-2 H-chromenes via the reaction of 2-(trifluoroacetyl)phenols with vinyltriphenylphosphonium chloride. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6809-6820. [PMID: 35959998 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01177h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Substituted on the benzene ring 4-CF3-2H-chromenes have been prepared from substituted 2-(trifluoroacetyl)phenols and vinyltriphenylphosphonium chloride according to the Schweizer protocol in moderate to excellent yields. The influence of the type and the position of aromatic ring substituents on yields of 4-CF3-2H-chromenes have been investigated. It has been shown that 4-CF3-2H-chromenes are convenient precursors to 4-CF3-coumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Golubev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Petr N Ostapchuk
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Tatiana V Strelkova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Nikolai D Kagramanov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Kyrill Yu Suponitsky
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation. .,G.V. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyannyi Line, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rina U Takazova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Nikolai D Chkanikov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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4
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Jongkon N, Seaho B, Tayana N, Prateeptongkum S, Duangdee N, Jaiyong P. Computational Analysis and Biological Activities of Oxyresveratrol Analogues, the Putative Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072346. [PMID: 35408774 PMCID: PMC9000610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are a large family of naturally occurring phytochemicals. Herein, oxyresveratrol was isolated from ethanolic crude extracts of Artocarpus lacucha Buch.-Ham., and chemically modified to derive its lipophilic analogues. Biological screening assays showed their inhibitory potency against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with very low cytotoxicity to the MRC-5 normal cell lines. At the catalytic site of COX-2, docking protocols with ChemPLP, GoldScore and AutoDock scoring functions were carried out to reveal hydrogen bonding interactions with key polar contacts and hydrophobic pi-interactions. For more accurate binding energetics, COX-2/ligand complexes at the binding region were computed in vacuo and implicit aqueous solvation using M06-2X density functional with 6-31G+(d,p) basis set. Our computational results confirmed that dihydrooxyresveratrol (4) is the putative inhibitor of human COX-2 with the highest inhibitory activity (IC50 of 11.50 ± 1.54 µM) among studied non-fluorinated analogues for further lead optimization. Selective substitution of fluorine provides a stronger binding affinity; however, lowering the cytotoxicity of a fluorinated analogue to a normal cell is challenging. The consensus among biological activities, ChemPLP docking score and the binding energies computed at the quantum mechanical level is obviously helpful for identification of oxyresveratrol analogues as a putative anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathjanan Jongkon
- Department of Social and Applied Science, College of Industrial Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand;
| | - Boonwiset Seaho
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (B.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Ngampuk Tayana
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advance Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Saisuree Prateeptongkum
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (B.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Nongnaphat Duangdee
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advance Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (N.D.); (P.J.)
| | - Panichakorn Jaiyong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (B.S.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (N.D.); (P.J.)
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5
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Daron ÉCASK, Negri WT, Borges A, Lescano CH, Antunes E, Laurentiz RSD. Design, synthesis, and in vitro antiplatelet aggregation activities of taiwanin C. Nat Prod Res 2022:1-7. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2036145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Érika C. A. S. K. Daron
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Unesp- Univ Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wellington T. Negri
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Unesp- Univ Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Borges
- Centro Universitário UNIFUNEC, Faculdade de Medicina, Santa Fé do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline H. Lescano
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Edson Antunes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Rosangela S. de Laurentiz
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Unesp- Univ Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Jones Lipinski RA, Thillier Y, Morisseau C, Sebastiano CS, Smith BC, Hall CD, Katritzky AR. Molecular docking-guided synthesis of NSAID-glucosamine bioconjugates and their evaluation as COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors with potentially reduced gastric toxicity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:102-113. [PMID: 33955172 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a powerful class of inhibitors targeting two isoforms of the family of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2). While NSAIDs are widely used in the management of pain, in particular as a treatment for osteo- and rheumatoid arthritis, their long-term use has been associated with numerous on- and off-target effects. As the carboxylic acid moiety present in common NSAIDs is responsible for some of their adverse effects, but is not required for their anti-inflammatory activity, we sought to mask this group through direct coupling to glucosamine, which is thought to prevent cartilage degradation. We report herein the conjugation of commonly prescribed NSAIDs to glucosamine hydrochloride and the use of molecular docking to show that addition of the carbohydrate moiety to the parent NSAID can enhance binding in the active site of COX-2. In a preliminary, in vitro screening assay, the diclofenac-glucosamine bioconjugate exhibited 10-fold greater activity toward COX-2, making it an ideal candidate for future in vivo studies. Furthermore, in an intriguing result, we observed that the mefenamic acid-glucosamine bioconjugate displayed enhanced activity toward COX-1 rather than COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Jones Lipinski
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Program in Chemical Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Yann Thillier
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, U.C. Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christopher S Sebastiano
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brian C Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Program in Chemical Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - C Dennis Hall
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alan R Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Adbulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Rouzer CA, Marnett LJ. Structural and Chemical Biology of the Interaction of Cyclooxygenase with Substrates and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7592-7641. [PMID: 32609495 PMCID: PMC8253488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxgenases are key enzymes of lipid signaling. They carry out the first step in the production of prostaglandins, important mediators of inflammation, pain, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, and they are the molecular targets for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are among the oldest and most chemically diverse set of drugs known. Homodimeric proteins that behave as allosterically modulated, functional heterodimers, the cyclooxygenases exhibit complex kinetic behavior, requiring peroxide-dependent activation and undergoing suicide inactivation. Due to their important physiological and pathophysiological roles and keen interest on the part of the pharmaceutical industry, the cyclooxygenases have been the focus of a vast array of structural studies, leading to the publication of over 80 crystal structures of the enzymes in complex with substrates or inhibitors supported by a wealth of functional data generated by site-directed mutation experiments. In this review, we explore the chemical biology of the cyclooxygenases through the lens of this wealth of structural and functional information. We identify key structural features of the cyclooxygenases, break down their active site into regional binding pockets to facilitate comparisons between structures, and explore similarities and differences in the binding modes of the wide variety of ligands (both substrates and inhibitors) that have been characterized in complex with the enzymes. Throughout, we correlate structure with function whenever possible. Finally, we summarize what can and cannot be learned from the currently available structural data and discuss the critical intriguing questions that remain despite the wealth of information that has been amassed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Rouzer
- A. B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Lawrence J Marnett
- A. B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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8
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Antiproliferative and antiinflammatory coxib-combretastatin hybrids suppress cell cycle progression and induce apoptosis of MCF7 breast cancer cells. Mol Divers 2020; 25:2307-2319. [PMID: 32602075 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In our study, some newly synthesized aryl-substituted pyrazole derivatives mimicking cis-diphenylethylene scaffold of two apoptotic inducing agents celecoxib and combretastatin A-4 were found to have strong antiproliferative as well as antiinflammatory activities. Among these coxib-combretastatin hybrids, two lead compounds 8 and 6c simultaneously inhibited prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in LPS-activated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and suppressed cell cycle progression of MCF7 cells at G2/M or G0/G1 phases, but only compound 8 induced apoptosis via caspase-3 activation. Both the lead compounds showed good docking energies with both protein targets COX-2 and tubulin in the molecule interaction modeling. The cis-diphenylethylene scaffold of celecoxib or combretastatin A-4 as well as functional groups such as the ethyl ester group and the sulfonamide could be considered as potential key features for the dual activity of studied compounds meanwhile the trimethoxybenzene remained the crucial characterization of the newly derived compounds of combretastatins.
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9
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Anti-Inflammatory and Physicochemical Characterization of the Croton Rhamnifolioides Essential Oil Inclusion Complex in β-Cyclodextrin. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9060114. [PMID: 32486128 PMCID: PMC7344496 DOI: 10.3390/biology9060114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Croton rhamnifolioides is used in popular medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of C. rhamnifolioides essential oil complexed in β-cyclodextrin (COEFC). The physicochemical characterization of the complexes was performed using different physical methods. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vivo by ear edema, paw edema, cotton pellet-induced granuloma, and vascular permeability by Evans blue extravasation. The mechanism of action was validated by molecular docking of the major constituent into the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2 enzyme). All doses of the COEFC reduced acute paw edema induced by carrageenan and dextran, as well as vascular permeability. Our results suggest the lowest effective dose of all samples inhibited the response induced by histamine or arachidonic acid as well as the granuloma formation. The complexation process showed that the pharmacological effects were maintained, however, showing similar results using much lower doses. The results demonstrated an involvement of the inhibition of pathways dependent on eicosanoids and histamine. Complexation of β-cyclodextrin/Essential oil (β-CD/EO) may present an important tool in the study of new compounds for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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10
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Noël F, Vuković VD, Yi J, Richmond E, Kravljanac P, Moran J. Catalytic Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Allenes, Indenes, Chromenes, and Olefins from Propargylic Alcohols in HFIP. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15926-15947. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florent Noël
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vuk D. Vuković
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jing Yi
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Edward Richmond
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pavle Kravljanac
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Moran
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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11
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Dong L, Anderson AJ, Malkowski MG. Arg-513 and Leu-531 Are Key Residues Governing Time-Dependent Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 by Aspirin and Celebrex. Biochemistry 2019; 58:3990-4002. [PMID: 31469551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin and Celebrex are well-known time-dependent inhibitors of the cyclooxygenases (COX). Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that Arg-513 and Leu-531 contribute to the structural mechanisms of COX inhibition. We used mutagenesis and functional analyses to characterize how substitutions at these positions influence time-dependent inhibition by aspirin and Celebrex. We show that substitutions of Leu-531 with asparagine and phenylalanine significantly attenuate time-dependent inhibition of COX-2 by these drugs. The introduction of side chain bulk, rigidity, and charge would disrupt the formation of the initial noncovalent complex, in the case of aspirin, and the "high-affinity" binding state, in the case of Celebrex. Substitution of Arg-513 with histidine (the equivalent residue in COX-1) resulted in a 2-fold potentiation of aspirin inhibition, in support of the hypothesis that the presence of histidine in COX-1 lowers the activation barrier associated with the formation of the initial noncovalent enzyme-inhibitor complex. As a corollary, we previously hypothesized that the flexibility associated with Leu-531 contributes to the binding of arachidonic acid (AA) to acetylated COX-2 to generate 15R-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15R-HETE). We determined the X-ray crystal structure of AA bound to Co3+-protoporphyrin IX-reconstituted V349I murine COX-2 (muCOX-2). V349I muCOX-2 was utilized as a surrogate to trap AA in a conformation leading to 15R-HETE. AA binds in a C-shaped pose, facilitated by the rotation of the Leu-531 side chain. Ile-349 is positioned to sterically shield antarafacial oxygen addition at carbon-15 in a manner similar to that proposed for the acetylated Ser-530 side chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Dong
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences , University of Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14203 , United States
| | - Alyssa J Anderson
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences , University of Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14203 , United States
| | - Michael G Malkowski
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences , University of Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14203 , United States
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12
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Kumar R, Saha N, Purohit P, Garg SK, Seth K, Meena VS, Dubey S, Dave K, Goyal R, Sharma SS, Banerjee UC, Chakraborti AK. Cyclic enaminone as new chemotype for selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111601. [PMID: 31445233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The cyclic enaminone moiety has been identified as a new scaffold for selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. The designed cyclic enaminones have been synthesized conveniently through the development of a new catalyst-free methodology and evaluated for cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) inhibitory activities. Three compounds 7d, 8, and 9 predominantly inhibited COX-2 with selectivity index of 74.09, 19.45 and 108.68, respectively, and were assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced rat paw edema assay. The anti-inflammatory activity of 7d was comparable to that of celecoxib at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg. However, the compounds 8 and 9 were more/equally effective as anti-inflammatory agent compared to celecoxib at the doses of 12.5 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg and also exhibited anti-inflammatory activity comparable to that of diclofenac. The therapeutic potential of the most active compound 9 was further assessed by performing in vivo thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia tests using various models that revealed its analgesic activity. The in vivo non-ulcerogenicity of 9 revealed the gastrointestinal safety as compared to the non-selective COX inhibitor indomethacin. The in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo experiments on heart rate and blood pressure provided the cardiovascular safety profile of 9. The molecular docking studies rationalize the COX-2 selectivity of the newly found anti-inflammatory compounds 7d, 8, and 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Nirjhar Saha
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Priyank Purohit
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjeev K Garg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Kapileswar Seth
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Vachan S Meena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Sachin Dubey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Khyati Dave
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Rohit Goyal
- Indo-Soviet Friendship (ISF) College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142 001, Punjab, India
| | - Shyam S Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Uttam C Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Asit K Chakraborti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India.
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13
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Wang BS, Huang X, Chen LZ, Liu MM, Shi JB. Design and synthesis of novel pyrazolo[4,3- d]pyrimidines as potential therapeutic agents for acute lung injury. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1121-1130. [PMID: 31117832 PMCID: PMC6534230 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1618291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Four series of total 35 new pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine compounds were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages. Among them, compound 4e was found to be the most potent inhibitor, which decreased the production of cytokines in vitro, such as NO, IL-6 and TNF-α, with IC50 values of 2.64, 4.38 and 5.63 μM, respectively. Further studies showed that compound 4e inhibited cytokines secretion of macrophages through suppressing TLR4/p38 signaling pathway. Additionally, compound 4e showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced model of acute lung injury. These data suggested that compound 4e may be a promising lead structure for the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Shi Wang
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Zeng Chen
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Ming Liu
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Bo Shi
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
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14
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Taher ES, Ibrahim TS, Fares M, Al-Mahmoudy AMM, Radwan AF, Orabi KY, El-Sabbagh OI. Novel benzenesulfonamide and 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one-1,1-dioxide derivatives as potential selective COX-2 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 171:372-382. [PMID: 30928709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Two new series of 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one-1,1-dioxide derivatives containing either five membered heterocyclic rings or aryl hydrazones were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro COX-1/COX-2 inhibitory activity. In vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation revealed that benzenesulfonamides bearing pyrazole moiety 19, 20 and its cyclized form 23 exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity with comparable potency to celecoxib. Furthermore, the ulcerogenic activity evaluation showed that compounds 19, 20 and 23 exerted the minimal ulcer index in comparison to indomethacin as a reference drug. Docking studies of the most selective COX-2 derivatives were also carried out against COX-2 active site. Benzenesulfonamide derivatives 19 and 20 displayed higher predicted binding affinities inside the COX-2 active site. Molecular modelling simulation and drug likeness studies showed good agreement with the obtained biological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab S Taher
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Tarek S Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fares
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, NSW, Australia; School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, 2006, NSW, Australia
| | - Amany M M Al-Mahmoudy
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Abdullah F Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Y Orabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, 13110, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Osama I El-Sabbagh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taif University, 11099, Taif, Saudi Arabia; Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
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15
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Qin Z, Xi Y, Zhang S, Tu G, Yan A. Classification of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors Using Support Vector Machine and Random Forest Methods. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:1988-2008. [PMID: 30762371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the classification study conducted on the biggest COX-2 inhibitor data set so far. Using 2925 diverse COX-2 inhibitors collected from 168 pieces of literature, we applied machine learning methods, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), to develop 12 classification models. The best SVM and RF models resulted in MCC values of 0.73 and 0.72, respectively. The 2925 COX-2 inhibitors were reduced to a data set of 1630 molecules by removing intermediately active inhibitors, and 12 new classification models were constructed, yielding MCC values above 0.72. The best MCC value of the external test set was predicted to be 0.68 by the RF model using ECFP_4 fingerprints. Moreover, the 2925 COX-2 inhibitors were clustered into eight subsets, and the structural features of each subset were investigated. We identified substructures important for activity including halogen, carboxyl, sulfonamide, and methanesulfonyl groups, as well as the aromatic nitrogen atoms. The models developed in this study could serve as useful tools for compound screening prior to lab tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Yao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Shengde Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Guiping Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Aixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
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16
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Tabrizi L, Olasunkanmi LO, Fadare OA. Experimental and theoretical investigations of cyclometalated ruthenium(ii) complex containing CCC-pincer and anti-inflammatory drugs as ligands: synthesis, characterization, inhibition of cyclooxygenase and in vitro cytotoxicity activities in various cancer cell lines. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:728-740. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03266a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The cyclometalated ruthenium(ii) complex was synthesized and studied for cytotoxicity. The interaction of Ru(ii) complex with COX-2 was studied by experimental and molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Tabrizi
- School of Chemistry
- National University of Ireland
- Galway
- University Road
- Galway
| | - Lukman O. Olasunkanmi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Obafemi Awolowo University
- Ile-Ife 220005
- Nigeria
| | - Olatomide A. Fadare
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Obafemi Awolowo University
- Ile-Ife 220005
- Nigeria
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17
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Muthukaman N, Deshmukh S, Tondlekar S, Tambe M, Pisal D, Sarode N, Mhatre S, Chakraborti S, Shah D, Bhosale VM, Kulkarni A, Mahat MYA, Jadhav SB, Gudi GS, Khairatkar-Joshi N, Gharat LA. Discovery of 5-(2-chloro-4'-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1H-tetrazole as potent and orally efficacious S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) inhibitors for the potential treatment of COPD. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3766-3773. [PMID: 30340896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous nitrosothiols (SNOs) including S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) serve as reservoir for bioavailable nitric oxide (NO) and mediate NO-based signaling, inflammatory status and smooth muscle function in the lung. GSNOR inhibition increases pulmonary GSNO and induces bronchodilation while reducing inflammation in lung diseases. In this letter, design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of novel imidazole-biaryl-tetrazole based GSNOR inhibitors are described. Many potent inhibitors (30, 39, 41, 42, 44, 45 and 58) were identified with low nanomolar activity (IC50s: <15 nM) along with adequate metabolic stability. Lead compounds 30 and 58 exhibited good exposure and oral bioavailability in mouse pharmacokinetic (PK) study. Compound 30 was selected for further profiling and revealed comparable mouse and rat GSNOR potency, high selectivity against alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and carbonyl reductase (CBR1) family of enzymes, low efflux ratio and permeability in PAMPA, a high permeability in CALU-3 assay, significantly low hERG activity and minimal off-target activity. Further, an in vivo efficacy of compound 30 is disclosed in cigarette smoke (CS) induced mouse model for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Muthukaman
- Chemical Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Sanjay Deshmukh
- Chemical Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Shital Tondlekar
- Chemical Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Macchindra Tambe
- Chemical Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Dnyandeo Pisal
- Chemical Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Neelam Sarode
- Chemical Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Siddharth Mhatre
- Chemical Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Samitabh Chakraborti
- Biological Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Daisy Shah
- Biological Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Vikram M Bhosale
- Biological Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Abhay Kulkarni
- Biological Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Mahamad Yunnus A Mahat
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Satyawan B Jadhav
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Girish S Gudi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Neelima Khairatkar-Joshi
- Biological Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India
| | - Laxmikant A Gharat
- Chemical Research, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited, Glenmark Research Center, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400709, India.
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18
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Xi Y, Qin Z, Yan A. SAR and QSAR models of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 29:755-784. [PMID: 30274533 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2018.1513952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) is one isoform of COX, and it is a main target of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is important to develop efficient and selective COX-1 inhibitors. In this work, 12 classification models for 1530 cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors were built by support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT) and random forest (RF) methods. The best classification model (model 1A) was built by SVM with MACCS fingerprints. The classification accuracies for the training and test sets were 99.67% and 97.39%, respectively. The Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of the test set was 0.94. We also divided the 1530 COX-1 inhibitors into nine subsets according to their different scaffolds using Kohonen's self-organizing map (SOM). In addition, six quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for 181 COX-1 inhibitors whose IC50 were measured by enzyme immunoassay were built by multiple linear regression (MLR) and SVM. The best QSAR model (model 5A) was built by SVM with CORINA Symphony descriptors. The correlation coefficients of the training and test sets are 0.93 and 0.84, respectively. The models built in this study can be obtained from the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xi
- a State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P. R . China
| | - Z Qin
- a State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P. R . China
| | - A Yan
- a State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , P. R . China
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19
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Borges A, Casoti R, E Silva MLA, da Cunha NL, da Rocha Pissurno AP, Kawano DF, da Silva de Laurentiz R. COX Inhibition Profiles and Molecular Docking Studies of the Lignan Hinokinin and Some Synthetic Derivatives. Mol Inform 2018; 37:e1800037. [PMID: 30066986 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201800037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Encouraged by the anti-inflammatory activity of hinokinin in vivo, which is also observed for the analogues dinitrohinokinin and diidrocubebin, herein we used in vitro and in silico methods to assess their selectivity profiles and predict their binding modes with Cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and 2). The in vitro assays demonstrated dinitrohinokinin is about 13 times more selective for COX-2 than for COX-1, a similar profile observed for the drugs celecoxib (selective index ≈9) and meloxicam (selective index ≈11). Predictions of the binding modes suggested dinitrohinokinin interacts with COX-2 very similarly to rofecoxib, exploring residues at the hydrophilic pocket of the enzyme that accessible to ligands only in this isoform. This lignan also interacts with COX-1 in a similar mode to meloxicam, blocking the access of the substrate to the catalytic cleft. Therefore, dinitrohinokinin is a promising lead for the design of selective COX-2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Borges
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Cândido Portinari 200, 13083-871, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Rosana Casoti
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-020, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Luis Andrade E Silva
- Nucleus of Research in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca - UNIFRAN, Avenida Dr. Armando de Sáles Oliveira 201, 14404-600, Franca-SP, Brazil
| | - Nayane Larissa da Cunha
- Nucleus of Research in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca - UNIFRAN, Avenida Dr. Armando de Sáles Oliveira 201, 14404-600, Franca-SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula da Rocha Pissurno
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Organic Synthesis of the Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University "Julio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Avenida Brasil 56, 15385-000, Ilha Solteira-SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fábio Kawano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Cândido Portinari 200, 13083-871, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Rosangela da Silva de Laurentiz
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Organic Synthesis of the Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University "Julio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Avenida Brasil 56, 15385-000, Ilha Solteira-SP, Brazil
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20
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Jawabrah Al-Hourani B, Ali BF, Judeh Z, El-Barghouthi MI, Al-Awaida W, Snobar Y, El Soubani F, Matalka K, Wuest F. Unexpected formation of 1-[4-chloromethylphenyl]-5-[4-(methylsulfonyl)benzyl]-1 H -tetrazole and 1-[4-chloromethylphenyl]-5-[4-(aminosulfonyl)phenyl]-1 H -tetrazole: Crystal structure, bioassay screening and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Rygus JPG, Crudden CM. Enantiospecific and Iterative Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Couplings. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18124-18137. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason P. G. Rygus
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L
3N6, Canada
| | - Cathleen M. Crudden
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L
3N6, Canada
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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22
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New arylpyrazoline-coumarins: Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:170-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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23
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Yadav DK, Saloni, Sharma P, Misra S, Singh H, Mancera RL, Kim K, Jang C, Kim MH, Pérez-Sánchez H, Choi EH, Kumar S. Studies of the benzopyran class of selective COX-2 inhibitors using 3D-QSAR and molecular docking. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 41:1178-1189. [PMID: 28822076 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0945-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The Gaussian-based 3D-QSAR studies for 58 selective COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) inhibitors belonging to benzopyran chemical class were performed. Partial least squares analysis produced statistically significant model with (R training 2 = 0.866) and predictability (Q training 2 = 0.66, Q test 2 = 0.846). The 3D-QSAR model includes steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bond acceptor field indicators, whereas the potential field contributions indicate that the steric and hydrophobic features of the molecules play an important role in governing their biological activity. A molecular docking simulation and protein-ligand interaction pattern analysis reveal the importance of Tyr-361 and Ser-516 of the COX-2 active site for X-ray crystal structures and this class of molecules. Thus the combined approach of ligand-based and structure-based models provided an improved understanding in the interaction between benzopyran chemical class and COX-2 inhibition, which will guide the future identification of more potent anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra K Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoeiro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 406-799, Korea.
| | - Saloni
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoeiro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 406-799, Korea
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ricardo L Mancera
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Kang Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoeiro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 406-799, Korea
| | - Cheongyun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoeiro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 406-799, Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoeiro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 406-799, Korea
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Computer Science Department, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), E30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 139-701, Korea
| | - Surendra Kumar
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoeiro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 406-799, Korea.
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24
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Xiu C, Hua Z, Xiao BS, Tang WJ, Zhou HP, Liu XH. Novel benzopyran derivatives and their therapeutic applications: a patent review (2009-2016). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2017. [PMID: 28627270 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2017.1338687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The benzopyran derivatives present a wide variety of biological activity and behaviour. At the same time the benzopyran derivatives support their use as therapeutic agents for multiple diseases. Their structural characteristics correlated to physicochemical properties seem to define the extent of the biological activity. Areas covered: This review summarizes new patents published on new benzopyran derivatives from 2009 to 2016. Expert opinion: Many benzopyran derivatives have vivo/vitro biological responses. Their clinical evaluation will be critical to assess therapeutic utility. The compounds containing benzopyran moiety is well defined as lead compounds for design of new more promising molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xiu
- a School of Material Science Chemical Engineering , ChuZhou University , ChuZhou , P. R. China.,b School of Pharmacy , BengBu Medical College , BengBu , P. R. China
| | - Zhou Hua
- a School of Material Science Chemical Engineering , ChuZhou University , ChuZhou , P. R. China
| | - Bao Sheng Xiao
- a School of Material Science Chemical Engineering , ChuZhou University , ChuZhou , P. R. China
| | - Wen Jian Tang
- a School of Material Science Chemical Engineering , ChuZhou University , ChuZhou , P. R. China
| | - Hai Pin Zhou
- c School of Pharmacy , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , P. R. China
| | - Xin Hua Liu
- a School of Material Science Chemical Engineering , ChuZhou University , ChuZhou , P. R. China.,c School of Pharmacy , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , P. R. China
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25
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, He C, Liu X, Lu Y, Chen T, Pan Q, Xiong J, She M, Tu Z, Qin X, Li M, Tortorella MD, Talley JJ. Pentafluorosulfanyl-Substituted Benzopyran Analogues As New Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors with Excellent Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy in Blocking Inflammation. J Med Chem 2017; 60:4135-4146. [PMID: 28475316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we disclose the design and synthesis of a series of pentafluorosulfanyl (SF5) benzopyran derivatives as novel COX-2 inhibitors with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The pentafluorosulfanyl compounds showed both potency and selectivity for COX-2 and demonstrated efficacy in several murine models of inflammation and pain. More interestingly, one of the compounds, R,S-3a, revealed exceptional efficacy in the adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) model, achieving an ED50 as low as 0.094 mg/kg. In addition, the pharmacokinetics of compound R,S-3a in rat revealed a half-life in excess of 12 h and plasma drug concentrations well above its IC90 for up to 40 h. When R,S-3a was dosed just two times a week in the AIA model, efficacy was still maintained. Overall, drug R,S-3a and other analogues are suitable candidates that merit further investigation for the treatment of inflammation and pain as well as other diseases where COX-2 and PGE2 play a role in their etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Zhang
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Yican Wang
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Chuang He
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhi Lu
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Pan
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Jingfang Xiong
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Miaoqin She
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Zhengchao Tu
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochu Qin
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Minke Li
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - Micky D Tortorella
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P.R. China
| | - John J Talley
- Euclises Pharmaceuticals , St. Louis, Missouri 63108, United States
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26
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Design and Synthesis of Novel Pyrazole-Substituted Different Nitrogenous Heterocyclic Ring Systems as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040512. [PMID: 28338602 PMCID: PMC6154115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim of developing novel anti-inflammatory scaffolds, a new series of pyrazole-substituted various nitrogenous heterocyclic ring systems at C-4 position were synthesized through different chemical reactions and validated by means of spectral and elemental data. The new obtained compounds were investigated for their anti-inflammatory activity using the carrageenan-induced paw edema standard technique and revealed that, compound 6b showed increased potency with % inhibition of edema 85.23 ± 1.92 and 85.78 ± 0.99, respectively, higher than the standard reference drugs indomethacin and celebrex (72.99% and 83.76%). Molecular modeling studies were initiated herein to validate the attained pharmacological data and provide understandable evidence for the observed anti-inflammatory behavior.
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27
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Biological activity evaluation and molecular docking study of chromone derivatives as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Orlando BJ, Malkowski MG. Crystal structure of rofecoxib bound to human cyclooxygenase-2. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2016; 72:772-776. [PMID: 27710942 PMCID: PMC5053162 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x16014230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rofecoxib (Vioxx) was one of the first selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors (coxibs) to be approved for use in humans. Within five years after its release to the public, Vioxx was withdrawn from the market owing to the adverse cardiovascular effects of the drug. Despite the widespread knowledge of the development and withdrawal of Vioxx, relatively little is known at the molecular level about how the inhibitor binds to COX-2. Vioxx is unique in that the inhibitor contains a methyl sulfone moiety in place of the sulfonamide moiety found in other coxibs such as celecoxib and valdecoxib. Here, new crystallization conditions were identified that allowed the structural determination of human COX-2 in complex with Vioxx and the structure was subsequently determined to 2.7 Å resolution. The crystal structure provides the first atomic level details of the binding of Vioxx to COX-2. As anticipated, Vioxx binds with its methyl sulfone moiety located in the side pocket of the cyclooxygenase channel, providing support for the isoform selectivity of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Orlando
- Department of Structural Biology, The State University of New York at Buffalo and the Hauptman–Woodward Medical Research Institute, 700 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Michael G. Malkowski
- Department of Structural Biology, The State University of New York at Buffalo and the Hauptman–Woodward Medical Research Institute, 700 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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29
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Jawabrah Al-Hourani B, Al-Awaida W, Matalka KZ, El-Barghouthi MI, Alsoubani F, Wuest F. Structure–activity relationship of novel series of 1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, bioassay screening and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4757-4762. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Synthesis and crystal structure of N-[(dimethylamino)methylidene]-4-[1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]-benzenesulfonamide: Molecular docking and bioassay studies as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Farag DB, Farag NA, Esmat A, Abuelezz SA, Abdel-Salam Ibrahim E, Abou El Ella DA. Synthesis, 3D pharmacophore, QSAR and docking studies of novel quinazoline derivatives with nitric oxide release moiety as preferential COX-2 inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00392f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Four novel series of quinazoline derivatives IIIa–c, VIa–c and their NO-hybrid molecules as nitrate esters Va–c and VIIIa–c have been synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Boshra Farag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Misr International University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Nahla A. Farag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Misr International University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Ain Shams University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Sally A. Abuelezz
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics Department
- Faculty of Medicine
- Ain Shams University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | | | - Dalal A. Abou El Ella
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Ain Shams University
- Cairo
- Egypt
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32
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Zhang Y, Tortorella M, Wang Y, Liu J, Tu Z, Liu X, Bai Y, Wen D, Lu X, Lu Y, Talley JJ. Synthesis of Deuterated Benzopyran Derivatives as Selective COX-2 Inhibitors with Improved Pharmacokinetic Properties. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1162-6. [PMID: 25313331 PMCID: PMC4190635 DOI: 10.1021/ml500299q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed a series of specifically deuterated benzopyran analogues as new COX-2 inhibitors with the aim of improving their pharmacokinetic properties. As expected, the deuterated compounds retained potency and selectivity for COX-2. The new molecules possess improved pharmacokinetic profiles in rats compared to their nondeuterated congeners. Most importantly, the new compounds showed pharmacodynamic efficacy in several murine models of inflammation and pain. The benzopyran derivatives were separated into their enantiomers, and the activity was found to reside with the S-isomers. To streamline the synthesis of the desired S-isomers, an organocatalytic asymmetric domino oxa-Michael/aldol condensation reaction was developed for their preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Zhang
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Micky
D. Tortorella
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Yican Wang
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Liu
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Zhengchao Tu
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Yang Bai
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Dingsheng Wen
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lu
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhi Lu
- Drug Discovery Pipeline, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Science City, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - John J. Talley
- Department
of Chemistry, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, United States
- Euclises Pharmaceuticals, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, United States
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33
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Xu C, Yang G, Wang C, Fan S, Xie L, Gao Y. An efficient solvent-free synthesis of 2-hydroxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-chromenes using silica-immobilized L-proline. Molecules 2013; 18:11964-77. [PMID: 24077175 PMCID: PMC6290574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181011964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of 2-hydroxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-chromene-3-carboxylates was carried out under solvent-free conditions in an oven or microwave oven via the Knoevenagel condensation of salicylaldehydes with ethyl trifluoroacetoacetate followed by intramolecular cyclization in the presence of silica-immobilized L-proline. The structures of the title compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HRMS and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The improved method described herein is economical, easily-operated and environmentally friendly. Furthermore, the catalyst can be recovered conveniently and reused without obvious loss of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuilian Xu
- School of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China..
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34
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Vecchio AJ, Malkowski MG. The structure of NS-398 bound to cyclooxygenase-2. J Struct Biol 2011; 176:254-8. [PMID: 21843643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2011.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) are membrane-associated, heme-containing homodimers that generate prostaglandin H(2) from arachidonic acid (AA) in the committed step of prostaglandin biogenesis and are the targets for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl) methanesulfonamide (NS-398) was the first in a series of isoform-selective drugs designed to preferentially inhibit COX-2, with the aim of ameliorating many of the toxic gastrointestinal side effects caused by conventional NSAID inhibition. We determined the X-ray crystal structure of murine COX-2 in complex with NS-398 utilizing synchrotron radiation to 3.0A resolution. NS-398 binds in the cyclooxygenase channel in a conformation that is different than that observed for other COX-2-selective inhibitors, such as celecoxib, with no discernible penetration into the side pocket formed in COX-2 by the isoform-specific substitutions of I434V, H513R, and I523V. Instead, the methanesulfonamide moiety of NS-398 interacts with the side chain of Arg-120 at the opening of the cyclooxygenase channel, similar to that observed for acidic, nonselective NSAIDs such as indomethacin and flurbiprofen. Our structure validates inhibitor studies that identified Arg-120 as a molecular determinant for time-dependent inhibition of COX-2 by NS-398.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Vecchio
- Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, The State University of New York at Buffalo, 700 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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35
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Jawabrah Al-Hourani B, Sharma SK, Suresh M, Wuest F. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: a literature and patent review (2009 - 2010). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2011; 21:1339-432. [PMID: 21714592 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2011.593510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COXs catalyze the complex conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and thromboxanes, which trigger as autacoids with autocrine and paracrine biological effects many physiological and pathophysiological responses. The structural similarities of the COX-1 and -2 enzymes make the search for selective inhibitors for COX-2 versus -1 a formidable challenge. AREAS COVERED The present review provides a survey of the development of novel COX-2 inhibitors covering literature and patents between 2009 and 2010. The presence of a central, typically 1,2-diaryl substituted, heterocycle or carbocycle as a characteristic structural motif in many selective COX-2 inhibitors represents the basis of their classification in this review. The classification in this review includes COX-2 inhibitors based on five- and six-membered heterocycles, benzoheterocycles (e.g., benzopyrans, benzopyranones, indoles and quinolines), quinones, chalcones, natural products and miscellaneous. When available, COX-2 inhibitors are presented with their related COX-2 inhibitory potency and selectivity. EXPERT OPINION The availability of detailed information on the crystal structure of the COX-2 enzyme with various substrates, cofactors and inhibitors, and the recently reported increased risk of cardiovascular events associated with selective COX-2 inhibitors will further stimulate development of COX-2 inhibitors with favorable COX-2 inhibition profiles without adverse effects to the cardiovascular system.
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