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Pernet E, Poschmann J, Divangahi M. A complex immune communication between eicosanoids and pulmonary macrophages. Curr Opin Virol 2024; 66:101399. [PMID: 38547562 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections represent a constant threat for human health and urge for a better understanding of the pulmonary immune response to prevent disease severity. Macrophages are at the center of pulmonary immunity, where they play a pivotal role in orchestrating beneficial and/or pathological outcomes during infection. Eicosanoids, the host bioactive lipid mediators, have re-emerged as important regulators of pulmonary immunity during respiratory viral infections. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge linking eicosanoids' and pulmonary macrophages' homeostatic and antimicrobial functions and discuss eicosanoids as emerging targets for immunotherapy in viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Pernet
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.
| | - Jeremie Poschmann
- INSERM, Nantes Université, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (CR2TI), UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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2
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Zhang W, Dong C, Xiong S. Mycobacterial SapM hampers host autophagy initiation for intracellular bacillary survival via dephosphorylating Raptor. iScience 2024; 27:109671. [PMID: 38646170 PMCID: PMC11031826 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Secreted acid phosphatase (SapM) is an immunomodulator of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and consequently plays a crucial role in disease onset and development upon infection. Importantly, the virulence of SapM has rendered SapM an attractive target for drug development. However, the mechanism underlying the role of SapM in facilitating bacillary survival remains to be fully elucidated. In this context, the present study demonstrated that SapM hampered cellular autophagy to facilitate bacillary survival in mycobacterial-infected macrophages. Mechanically, SapM interacted with Raptor and was localized to the subcellular lysosomal organelle, causing the dephosphorylation of Raptor at the Ser792 position, resulting in mTORC1 hyperactivity and the subsequent autophagy inhibition. Consistent with this, SapM blocked the autophagy initiation and mitigated lung pathology in vivo. These findings highlighted the role of Raptor as a significant substrate of SapM for inhibiting autophagy, which is a novel clue for developing a treatment against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chunsheng Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Sidong Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Wang W, Wang H, Zhang Z, Li W, Yin X, Long Y. Dual RNA sequencing during Trichoderma harzianum-Phytophthora capsici interaction reveals multiple biological processes involved in the inhibition and highlights the cell wall as a potential target. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38742618 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytophthora capsici is a destructive oomycete pathogen, causing huge economic losses for agricultural production. The genus Trichoderma represents one of the most extensively researched categories of biocontrol agents, encompassing a diverse array of effective strains. The commercial biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22 exhibits pronounced biocontrol effects against many plant pathogens, but its activity against P. capsici is not known. RESULTS T. harzianum T-22 significantly inhibited the growth of P. capsici mycelia and the culture filtrate of T-22 induced lysis of P. capsici zoospores. Electron microscopic analyses indicated that T-22 significantly modulated the ultrastructural composition of P. capsici, with a severe impact on the cell wall integrity. Dual RNA sequencing revealed multiple biological processes involved in the inhibition during the interaction between these two microorganisms. In particular, a marked upregulation of genes was identified in T. harzianum that are implicated in cell wall degradation or disruption. Concurrently, the presence of T. harzianum appeared to potentiate the susceptibility of P. capsici to cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors such as mandipropamid and dimethomorph. Further investigations showed that mandipropamid and dimethomorph could strongly inhibit the growth and development of P. capsici but had no impact on T. harzianum even at high concentrations, demonstrating the feasibility of combining T. harzianum and these cell wall synthesis inhibitors to combat P. capsici. CONCLUSION These findings provided enhanced insights into the biocontrol mechanisms against P. capsici with T. harzianum and evidenced compatibility between specific biological and chemical control strategies. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Wang
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haidong Wang
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuzhu Zhang
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhui Yin
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Youhua Long
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
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Simwela NV, Johnston L, Pavinski Bitar P, Jaecklein E, Altier C, Sassetti CM, Russell DG. Genome-wide screen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis- infected macrophages identified the GID/CTLH complex as a determinant of intracellular bacterial growth. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.06.592714. [PMID: 38766174 PMCID: PMC11100626 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.06.592714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The eukaryotic GID/CTLH complex is a highly conserved E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in a broad range of biological processes. However, a role of this complex in host antimicrobial defenses has not been described. We exploited Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) induced cytotoxicity in macrophages in a FACS based CRISPR genetic screen to identify host determinants of intracellular Mtb growth restriction. Our screen identified 5 ( GID8 , YPEL5 , WDR26 , UBE2H , MAEA ) of the 10 predicted members of the GID/CTLH complex as determinants of intracellular growth of both Mtb and Salmonella serovar Typhimurium. We show that the antimicrobial properties of the GID/CTLH complex knockdown macrophages are mediated by enhanced GABAergic signaling, activated AMPK, increased autophagic flux and resistance to cell death. Meanwhile, Mtb isolated from GID/CTLH knockdown macrophages are nutritionally starved and oxidatively stressed. Our study identifies the GID/CTLH complex activity as broadly suppressive of host antimicrobial responses against intracellular bacterial infections. Graphical abstract
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Rajmani RS, Surolia A. Antimycobacterial and healing effects of Pranlukast against MTB infection and pathogenesis in a preclinical mouse model of tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347045. [PMID: 38756781 PMCID: PMC11096513 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
It is essential to understand the interactions and relationships between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and macrophages during the infection in order to design host-directed, immunomodulation-dependent therapeutics to control Mtb. We had reported previously that ornithine acetyltransferase (MtArgJ), a crucial enzyme of the arginine biosynthesis pathway of Mtb, is allosterically inhibited by pranlukast (PRK), which significantly reduces bacterial growth. The present investigation is centered on the immunomodulation in the host by PRK particularly the activation of the host's immune response to counteract bacterial survival and pathogenicity. Here, we show that PRK decreased the bacterial burden in the lungs by upregulating the population of pro-inflammatory interstitial macrophages (IMs) and reducing the population of Mtb susceptible alveolar macrophages (AMs), dendritic cells (DCs), and monocytes (MO). Additionally, we deduce that PRK causes the host macrophages to change their metabolic pathway from fatty acid metabolism to glycolytic metabolism around the log phage of bacterial multiplication. Further, we report that PRK reduced tissue injury by downregulating the Ly6C-positive population of monocytes. Interestingly, PRK treatment improved tissue repair and inflammation resolution by increasing the populations of arginase 1 (Arg-1) and Ym1+Ym2 (chitinase 3-like 3) positive macrophages. In summary, our study found that PRK is useful not only for reducing the tubercular burden but also for promoting the healing of the diseased tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju S. Rajmani
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Avadhesha Surolia
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Gupta VK, Vaishnavi VV, Arrieta-Ortiz ML, P S A, K M J, Jeyasankar S, Raghunathan V, Baliga NS, Agarwal R. 3D Hydrogel Culture System Recapitulates Key Tuberculosis Phenotypes and Demonstrates Pyrazinamide Efficacy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304299. [PMID: 38655817 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The mortality caused by tuberculosis (TB) infections is a global concern, and there is a need to improve understanding of the disease. Current in vitro infection models to study the disease have limitations such as short investigation durations and divergent transcriptional signatures. This study aims to overcome these limitations by developing a 3D collagen culture system that mimics the biomechanical and extracellular matrix (ECM) of lung microenvironment (collagen fibers, stiffness comparable to in vivo conditions) as the infection primarily manifests in the lungs. The system incorporates Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infected human THP-1 or primary monocytes/macrophages. Dual RNA sequencing reveals higher mammalian gene expression similarity with patient samples than 2D macrophage infections. Similarly, bacterial gene expression more accurately recapitulates in vivo gene expression patterns compared to bacteria in 2D infection models. Key phenotypes observed in humans, such as foamy macrophages and mycobacterial cords, are reproduced in the model. This biomaterial system overcomes challenges associated with traditional platforms by modulating immune cells and closely mimicking in vivo infection conditions, including showing efficacy with clinically relevant concentrations of anti-TB drug pyrazinamide, not seen in any other in vitro infection model, making it reliable and readily adoptable for tuberculosis studies and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal K Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Vijaya V Vaishnavi
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | | | - Abhirami P S
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Jyothsna K M
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Sharumathi Jeyasankar
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Varun Raghunathan
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Nitin S Baliga
- Institute of Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Rachit Agarwal
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
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Nicholson KR, Cronin RM, Prest RJ, Menon AR, Yang Y, Jennisch MK, Champion MM, Tobin DM, Champion PA. The antagonistic transcription factors, EspM and EspN, regulate the ESX-1 secretion system in M. marinum. mBio 2024; 15:e0335723. [PMID: 38445877 PMCID: PMC11005418 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03357-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens use protein secretion systems to transport virulence factors and regulate gene expression. Among pathogenic mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium marinum, the ESAT-6 system 1 (ESX-1) secretion is crucial for host interaction. Secretion of protein substrates by the ESX-1 secretion system disrupts phagosomes, allowing mycobacteria cytoplasmic access during macrophage infections. Deletion or mutation of the ESX-1 system attenuates mycobacterial pathogens. Pathogenic mycobacteria respond to the presence or absence of the ESX-1 system in the cytoplasmic membrane by altering transcription. Under laboratory conditions, the EspM repressor and WhiB6 activator control transcription of specific ESX-1-responsive genes, including the ESX-1 substrate genes. However, deleting the espM or whiB6 gene does not phenocopy the deletion of the ESX-1 substrate genes during macrophage infection by M. marinum. In this study, we identified EspN, a critical transcription factor whose activity is masked by the EspM repressor under laboratory conditions. In the absence of EspM, EspN activates transcription of whiB6 and ESX-1 genes during both laboratory growth and macrophage infection. EspN is also independently required for M. marinum growth within and cytolysis of macrophages, similar to the ESX-1 genes, and for disease burden in a zebrafish larval model of infection. These findings suggest that EspN and EspM coordinate to counterbalance the regulation of the ESX-1 system and support mycobacterial pathogenesis.IMPORTANCEPathogenic mycobacteria, which are responsible for tuberculosis and other long-term diseases, use the ESX-1 system to transport proteins that control the host response to infection and promote bacterial survival. In this study, we identify an undescribed transcription factor that controls the expression of ESX-1 genes and is required for both macrophage and animal infection. However, this transcription factor is not the primary regulator of ESX-1 genes under standard laboratory conditions. These findings identify a critical transcription factor that likely controls expression of a major virulence pathway during infection, but whose effect is not detectable with standard laboratory strains and growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R. Nicholson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Rachel M. Cronin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Prest
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Aruna R. Menon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yuwei Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Madeleine K. Jennisch
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Matthew M. Champion
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - David M. Tobin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Patricia A. Champion
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
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Bobba S, Chauhan KS, Akter S, Das S, Mittal E, Mathema B, Philips JA, Khader SA. A protective role for type I interferon signaling following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis carrying the rifampicin drug resistance-conferring RpoB mutation H445Y. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012137. [PMID: 38603763 PMCID: PMC11037539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling is essential for controlling virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection since antagonism of this pathway leads to exacerbated pathology and increased susceptibility. In contrast, the triggering of type I interferon (IFN) signaling is associated with the progression of tuberculosis (TB) disease and linked with negative regulation of IL-1 signaling. However, mice lacking IL-1 signaling can control Mtb infection if infected with an Mtb strain carrying the rifampin-resistance conferring mutation H445Y in its RNA polymerase β subunit (rpoB-H445Y Mtb). The mechanisms that govern protection in the absence of IL-1 signaling during rpoB-H445Y Mtb infection are unknown. In this study, we show that in the absence of IL-1 signaling, type I IFN signaling controls rpoB-H445Y Mtb replication, lung pathology, and excessive myeloid cell infiltration. Additionally, type I IFN is produced predominantly by monocytes and recruited macrophages and acts on LysM-expressing cells to drive protection through nitric oxide (NO) production to restrict intracellular rpoB-H445Y Mtb. These findings reveal an unexpected protective role for type I IFN signaling in compensating for deficiencies in IL-1 pathways during rpoB-H445Y Mtb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Bobba
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kuldeep S. Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sadia Akter
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Shibali Das
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ekansh Mittal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Barun Mathema
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Philips
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Shabaana A. Khader
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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9
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Kotey SK, Tan X, Fleming O, Kasiraju RR, Dagnell AL, Van Pelt KN, Rogers J, Hartson SD, Thadathil N, Selvarani R, Ranjit R, Logan S, Deepa SS, Richardson A, Cheng Y. Intracellular iron accumulation facilitates mycobacterial infection in old mouse macrophages. GeroScience 2024; 46:2739-2754. [PMID: 38159133 PMCID: PMC10828278 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging has a significant impact on the immune system, leading to a gradual decline in immune function and changes in the body's ability to respond to bacterial infections. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), also known as atypical mycobacteria or environmental mycobacteria, are commonly found in soil, water, and various environmental sources. While many NTM species are considered opportunistic pathogens, some can cause significant infections, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems, such as older individuals. When mycobacteria enter the body, macrophages are among the first immune cells to encounter them and attempt to engulf mycobacteria through a process called phagocytosis. Some NTM species, including Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) can survive and replicate within macrophages. However, little is known about the interaction between NTM and macrophages in older individuals. In this study, we investigated the response of bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMMs) isolated from young (5 months) and old (25 months) mice to M. avium serotype 4, one of the main NTM species in patients with pulmonary NTM diseases. Our results demonstrated that BMMs from old mice have an increased level of intracellular iron and are more susceptible to M. avium serotype 4 infection compared to BMMs from young mice. The whole-cell proteomic analysis indicated a dysregulated expression of iron homeostasis-associated proteins in old BMMs regardless of mycobacterial infection. Deferoxamine, an iron chelator, significantly rescued mycobacterial killing and phagolysosome maturation in BMMs from old mice. Therefore, our data for the first time indicate that an intracellular iron accumulation improves NTM survival within macrophages from old mice and suggest a potential application of iron-chelating drugs as a host-directed therapy for pulmonary NTM infection in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen K Kotey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Xuejuan Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Owen Fleming
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Ramakrishnama Raju Kasiraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Audrey L Dagnell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Kyle N Van Pelt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Janet Rogers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Steven D Hartson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Nidheesh Thadathil
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ramasamy Selvarani
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rojina Ranjit
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sreemathi Logan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sathyaseelan S Deepa
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Arlan Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Okalahoma City Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
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10
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Yabaji SM, Zhernovkov V, Araveti PB, Lata S, Rukhlenko OS, Abdullatif SA, Alekseev Y, Ma Q, Dayama G, Lau NC, Bishai WR, Crossland NA, Campbell JD, Kholodenko BN, Gimelbrant AA, Kobzik L, Kramnik I. Myc Dysregulation in Activated Macrophages Initiates Iron-Mediated Lipid Peroxidation that Fuels Type I Interferon and Compromises TB Resistance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.05.583602. [PMID: 38496444 PMCID: PMC10942339 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.05.583602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
A quarter of human population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but less than 10% of those infected develop clinical, mostly pulmonary, TB. To dissect mechanisms of susceptibility in immunocompetent individuals, we developed a genetically defined sst1-susceptible mouse model that uniquely reproduces a defining feature of human TB: development of necrotic lung lesions after infection with virulent Mtb. In this study, we explored the connectivity of the sst1-regulated pathways during prolonged macrophage activation with TNF. We determined that the aberrant response of the sst1-susceptible macrophages to TNF was primarily driven by conflicting Myc and antioxidant response pathways that resulted in a coordinated failure to properly sequester intracellular iron and activate ferroptosis inhibitor enzymes. Consequently, iron-mediated lipid peroxidation fueled IFNβ superinduction and sustained the Type I Interferon (IFN-I) pathway hyperactivity that locked the sst1-susceptible macrophages in a state of unresolving stress and compromised their resistance to Mtb. The accumulation of the aberrantly activated, stressed, macrophages within granuloma microenvironment led to the local failure of anti-tuberculosis immunity and tissue necrosis. Our findings suggest a novel link between metabolic dysregulation in macrophages and susceptibility to TB, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets aimed at modulating macrophage function and improving TB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivraj M. Yabaji
- The National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Vadim Zhernovkov
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Suruchi Lata
- The National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Oleksii S. Rukhlenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Salam Al Abdullatif
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Yuriy Alekseev
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Qicheng Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, and Cell Biology and Genome Science Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine
| | - Gargi Dayama
- Department of Biochemistry, and Cell Biology and Genome Science Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine
| | - Nelson C. Lau
- The National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA
- Department of Biochemistry, and Cell Biology and Genome Science Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine
| | - William R. Bishai
- Center for TB Research, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nicholas A. Crossland
- The National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Joshua D. Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Boris N. Kholodenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | | | | | - Igor Kramnik
- The National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA
- Pulmonary Center, The Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine
- Dept. of Microbiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine
- Lead contact
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11
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Blancett LT, Evans HM, Candor K, Buesing WR, Figueroa JAL, Deepe GS. Utilization of a Histoplasma capsulatum zinc reporter reveals the complexities of fungal sensing of metal deprivation. mSphere 2024; 9:e0070423. [PMID: 38259064 PMCID: PMC10900905 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00704-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungal pathogen acquired via inhalation of soil-resident spores. Upon exposure to mammalian body temperatures, these fungal elements transform into yeasts that reside primarily within phagocytes. Macrophages (MΦ) provide a permissive environment for fungal replication until T cell-dependent immunity is engaged. MΦ activated by granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induces metallothioneins (MTs) that bind zinc (Zn) and deprive yeast cells of labile Zn, thereby disabling fungal growth. Prior work demonstrated that the zinc transporter, ZRT2, was important for fungal survival in vivo. Hence, we constructed a yeast cell reporter strain that expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) under control of the ZRT2 zinc-regulated promoter. This reporter accurately responds to a medium devoid of Zn. ZRT2 expression increased in GM-CSF, but not interferon-γ, stimulated MΦ. To examine the in vivo response, we infected mice with a reporter yeast strain and assessed ZRT2 expression at 0, 3, 7, and 14 days post-infection (dpi). ZRT2 expression minimally increased at 3 dpi and peaked at 7 dpi, corresponding with the onset of adaptive immunity. We discovered that the major MΦ populations that restrict Zn from the fungus are interstitial MΦ and exudate MΦ. Neutralizing GM-CSF blunted the control of infection but unexpectedly increased ZRT2 expression. This increase was dependent on another cytokine that activates MΦ to control H. capsulatum replication, M-CSF. These findings illustrate the reporter's ability to sense Zn in vitro and in vivo and correlate ZRT2 expression with GM-CSF and M-CSF activation of MΦ.IMPORTANCEPhagocytes use an arsenal of defenses to control the replication of Histoplasma yeasts, one of which is the limitation of trace metals. On the other hand, H. capsulatum combats metal restriction by upregulating metal importers such as the Zn importer ZRT2. This transporter contributes to H. capsulatum pathogenesis upon activation of adaptive immunity. We constructed a fluorescent ZRT2 transcriptional reporter to probe H. capsulatum Zn sensing during infection and exposed the role for M-CSF activation of macrophages when GM-CSF is absent. These data highlight the ways in which fungal pathogens sense metal deprivation in vivo and reveal the potential of metal-sensing reporters. The work adds a new dimension to study how intracellular pathogens sense and respond to the changing environments of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan T Blancett
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Heather M Evans
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kathleen Candor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - William R Buesing
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Julio A Landero Figueroa
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - George S Deepe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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12
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Xiao G, Huang W, Zhong Y, Ou M, Ye T, Wang Z, Zou X, Ding F, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Liu C, Liu A, Liu L, Lu S, Wu L, Zhang G. Uncovering the Bronchoalveolar Single-Cell Landscape of Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coinfection. J Infect Dis 2024:jiae042. [PMID: 38412342 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coinfection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the most significant risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). The immune responses of the lung are essential to restrict the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and avoid the emergence of the disease. Nevertheless, there is still limited knowledge about the local immune response in people with HIV-1-TB coinfection. METHODS We employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 9 individuals with HIV-1-TB coinfection and 10 with pulmonary TB. RESULTS A total of 19 058 cells were grouped into 4 major cell types: myeloid cells, T/natural killer (NK) cells, B cells, and epithelial cells. The myeloid cells and T/NK cells were further divided into 10 and 11 subsets, respectively. The proportions of dendritic cell subsets, CD4+ T cells, and NK cells were lower in the HIV-1-TB coinfection group compared to the TB group, while the frequency of CD8+ T cells was higher. Additionally, we identified numerous differentially expressed genes between the CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS HIV-1 infection not only affects the abundance of immune cells in the lungs but also alters their functions in patients with pulmonary TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen
| | - Waidong Huang
- BGI Research, Shenzhen
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | | | - Min Ou
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen
| | - Taosheng Ye
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen
| | | | - Xuanxuan Zou
- BGI Research, Shenzhen
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | - Feng Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen
| | | | | | - Chuanyu Liu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen
- BGI Research, Hangzhou
| | - Aimei Liu
- Department of Tuberculosis, Guangxi Chest Hospital, Liuzhou
| | - Longqi Liu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen
- BGI Research, Hangzhou
| | - Shuihua Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen
| | - Liang Wu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen
- BGI Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen
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13
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Ferdosnejad K, Zamani MS, Soroush E, Fateh A, Siadat SD, Tarashi S. Tuberculosis and lung cancer: metabolic pathways play a key role. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38305273 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2308522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Despite the fact that some cases of tuberculosis (TB) are undiagnosed and untreated, it remains a serious global public health issue. In the diagnosis, treatment, and control of latent and active TB, there may be a lack of effectiveness. An understanding of metabolic pathways can be fundamental to treat latent TB infection and active TB disease. Rather than targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the control strategies aim to strengthen host responses to infection and reduce chronic inflammation by effectively enhancing host resistance to infection. The pathogenesis and progression of TB are linked to several metabolites and metabolic pathways, and they are potential targets for host-directed therapies. Additionally, metabolic pathways can contribute to the progression of lung cancer in patients with latent or active TB. A comprehensive metabolic pathway analysis is conducted to highlight lung cancer development in latent and active TB. The current study aimed to emphasize the association between metabolic pathways of tumor development in patients with latent and active TB. Health control programs around the world are compromised by TB and lung cancer due to their special epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Therefore, presenting the importance of lung cancer progression through metabolic pathways occurring upon TB infection can open new doors to improving control of TB infection and active TB disease while stressing that further evaluations are required to uncover this correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erfan Soroush
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Tarashi
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Hkimi C, Kamoun S, Khamessi O, Ghedira K. Mycobacterium tuberculosis-THP-1 like macrophages protein-protein interaction map revealed through dual RNA-seq analysis and a computational approach. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 38314675 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) is still a leading cause of mortality worldwide with estimated 1.4 million deaths annually.Hypothesis/Gap statement. Despite macrophages' ability to kill bacterium, M. tb can grow inside these innate immune cells and the exploration of the infection has traditionally been characterized by a one-sided relationship, concentrating solely on the host or examining the pathogen in isolation.Aim. Because of only a handful of M. tb-host interactions have been experimentally characterized, our main goal is to predict protein-protein interactions during the early phases of the infection.Methodology. In this work, we performed an integrative computational approach that exploits differentially expressed genes obtained from Dual RNA-seq analysis combined with known domain-domain interactions.Results. A total of 2381 and 7214 genes were identified as differentially expressed in M. tb and in THP-1-like macrophages, respectively, revealing different transcriptional profiles in response to infection. Over 48 h of infection, the host-pathogen network revealed 25 016 PPIs. Analysis of the resulting predicted network based on cellular localization information of M. tb proteins, indicated the implication of interacting nodes including the bacterial PE/PPE/PE_PGRS family. In addition, M. tb proteins interacted with host proteins involved in NF-kB signalling pathway as well as interfering with the host apoptosis ability via the potential interaction of M. tb TB16.3 with human TAB1 and M. tb GroEL2 with host protein kinase C delta, respectively.Conclusion. The prediction of the full range of interactions between M. tb and host will contribute to better understanding of the pathogenesis of this bacterium and may provide advanced approaches to explore new therapeutic targets against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaima Hkimi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics (LR20IPT09), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana BP-66, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Selim Kamoun
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics (LR20IPT09), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana BP-66, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Oussema Khamessi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics (LR20IPT09), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana BP-66, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Kais Ghedira
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics (LR20IPT09), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
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15
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Grigsby SJ, Prasad GVRK, Wallach JB, Mittal E, Hsu FF, Schnappinger D, Philips JA. CpsA mediates infection of recruited lung myeloid cells by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113607. [PMID: 38127624 PMCID: PMC10900767 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) possesses an arsenal of virulence factors to evade host immunity. Previously, we showed that the Mtb protein CpsA, which protects Mtb against the host NADPH oxidase, is required in mice during the first 3 weeks of infection but is thereafter dispensable for full virulence. Using flow cytometry, we find that ΔcpsA Mtb is retained in alveolar macrophages, impaired in recruiting and disseminating into monocyte-derived cells, and more likely to be localized in airway cells than wild-type Mtb. The lungs of ΔcpsA-infected mice also have markedly fewer antigen-specific T cells, indicating a delay in adaptive immunity. Thus, we conclude that CpsA promotes dissemination of Mtb from alveolar macrophages and the airways and generation of an adaptive immune response. Our studies of ΔcpsA Mtb show that a more effective innate immune response against Mtb can be undermined by a corresponding delay in the adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Grigsby
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - G V R Krishna Prasad
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua B Wallach
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Ekansh Mittal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, & Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dirk Schnappinger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer A Philips
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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16
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Yao X, Jing T, Geng Q, Pang M, Zhao X, Li S, Chen D, Ma W. Dual analysis of wild-type and attenuated Orf virus and host cell transcriptomes revealed novel virus-host cell interactions. mSphere 2023; 8:e0039823. [PMID: 37982609 PMCID: PMC10732022 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00398-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Currently, the only available commercial vaccines for Orf virus (ORFV) are live attenuated vaccines, which present a potential risk of reversion to virulence. Therefore, understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of different virulent strains of ORFV and host immune responses triggered by these viruses is crucial for developing new vaccines and interventions. In this study, we found that the attenuated strain downregulates the host innate immune response and antiviral activity. In addition, we noted that the wild-type strain can induce the immune response pattern centered on interferon-stimulated genes and interferon regulatory factor gene family. We predicted that STAT1 and STAT2 are the main transcription factors upstream of target gene promoters through gene regulatory networks and exert significant regulatory effects on co-expressed genes. Our study elucidated the complex interaction between ORFV strains and host cell immune responses, providing new insights into vaccine research for ORFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingru Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuanduo Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaofei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dekun Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wentao Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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17
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Das M, Sreedharan S, Shee S, Malhotra N, Nandy M, Banerjee U, Kohli S, Rajmani RS, Chandra N, Seshasayee ASN, Laxman S, Singh A. Cysteine desulfurase (IscS)-mediated fine-tuning of bioenergetics and SUF expression prevents Mycobacterium tuberculosis hypervirulence. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh2858. [PMID: 38091389 PMCID: PMC10848736 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh2858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) biogenesis requires multiprotein assembly systems, SUF and ISC, in most prokaryotes. M. tuberculosis (Mtb) encodes a complete SUF system, the depletion of which was bactericidal. The ISC operon is truncated to a single gene iscS (cysteine desulfurase), whose function remains uncertain. Here, we show that MtbΔiscS is bioenergetically deficient and hypersensitive to oxidative stress, antibiotics, and hypoxia. MtbΔiscS resisted killing by nitric oxide (NO). RNA sequencing indicates that IscS is important for expressing regulons of DosR and Fe-S-containing transcription factors, WhiB3 and SufR. Unlike wild-type Mtb, MtbΔiscS could not enter a stable persistent state, continued replicating in mice, and showed hypervirulence. The suf operon was overexpressed in MtbΔiscS during infection in a NO-dependent manner. Suppressing suf expression in MtbΔiscS either by CRISPR interference or upon infection in inducible NO-deficient mice arrests hypervirulence. Together, Mtb redesigned the ISC system to "fine-tune" the expression of SUF machinery for establishing persistence without causing detrimental disease in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayashree Das
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sreesa Sreedharan
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, (SASTRA)-Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Somnath Shee
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nitish Malhotra
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Meghna Nandy
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Ushashi Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sakshi Kohli
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Raju S. Rajmani
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nagasuma Chandra
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Aswin Sai Narain Seshasayee
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Sunil Laxman
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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18
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Lai R, Williams T, Rakib T, Lee J, Behar SM. Heterogeneity in lung macrophage control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is determined by T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.29.569283. [PMID: 38076803 PMCID: PMC10705395 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.29.569283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Following Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, alveolar macrophages are initially infected but ineffectively restrict bacterial replication. The distribution of M. tuberculosis among different cell types in the lung changes with the onset of T cell immunity when the dominant infected cellular niche shifts from alveolar to monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). We hypothesize that changes in bacterial distribution among different cell types is driven by differences in T cell recognition of infected cells and their subsequent activation of antimicrobial effector mechanisms. We show that CD4 and CD8 T cells efficiently eliminate M. tuberculosis infection in alveolar macrophages, but they have less impact on suppressing infection in MDM, which may be a bacterial niche. Importantly, CD4 T cell responses enhance MDM recruitment to the lung. Thus, the outcome of infection depends on the interaction between the T cell subset and the infected cell; both contribute to the resolution and persistence of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocky Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Travis Williams
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tasfia Rakib
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jinhee Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samuel M. Behar
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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Moradimotlagh A, Chen S, Koohbor S, Moon KM, Foster LJ, Reiner N, Nandan D. Leishmania infection upregulates and engages host macrophage Argonaute 1, and system-wide proteomics reveals Argonaute 1-dependent host response. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1287539. [PMID: 38098491 PMCID: PMC10720368 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1287539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania donovani, an intracellular protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis, the most severe form of leishmaniasis in humans. It is becoming increasingly clear that several intracellular pathogens target host cell RNA interference (RNAi) pathways to promote their survival. Complexes of Argonaute proteins with small RNAs are core components of the RNAi. In this study, we investigated the potential role of host macrophage Argonautes in Leishmania pathogenesis. Using Western blot analysis of Leishmania donovani-infected macrophages, we show here that Leishmania infection selectively increased the abundance of host Argonaute 1 (Ago1). This increased abundance of Ago1 in infected cells also resulted in higher levels of Ago1 in active Ago-complexes, suggesting the preferred use of Ago1 in RNAi in Leishmania-infected cells. This analysis used a short trinucleotide repeat containing 6 (TNRC6)/glycine-tryptophan repeat protein (GW182) protein-derived peptide fused to Glutathione S-transferase as an affinity matrix to capture mature Ago-small RNAs complexes from the cytosol of non-infected and Leishmania-infected cells. Furthermore, Ago1 silencing significantly reduced intracellular survival of Leishmania, demonstrating that Ago1 is essential for Leishmania pathogenesis. To investigate the role of host Ago1 in Leishmania pathogenesis, a quantitative whole proteome approach was employed, which showed that expression of several previously reported Leishmania pathogenesis-related proteins was dependent on the level of macrophage Ago1. Together, these findings identify Ago1 as the preferred Argonaute of RNAi machinery in infected cells and a novel and essential virulence factor by proxy that promotes Leishmania survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Moradimotlagh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stella Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sara Koohbor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kyung-Mee Moon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Leonard J. Foster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Neil Reiner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Devki Nandan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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20
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Demangel C, Surace L. Host-pathogen interactions from a metabolic perspective: methods of investigation. Microbes Infect 2023:105267. [PMID: 38007087 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism shapes immune homeostasis in health and disease. This review presents the range of methods that are currently available to investigate the dialog between metabolism and immunity at the systemic, tissue and cellular levels, particularly during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Demangel
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1224, Immunobiology and Therapy Unit, Paris, France
| | - Laura Surace
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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21
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Blancett LT, Evans HM, Candor K, Buesing WR, Landero Figueroa JA, Deepe GS. Utilization of a Histoplasma capsulatum zinc reporter reveals the complexities of fungal sensing of metal deprivation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.14.567133. [PMID: 38014056 PMCID: PMC10680740 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.14.567133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungal pathogen acquired via inhalation of soil-resident spores. Upon exposure to mammalian body temperatures, these fungal elements transform into yeasts that reside primarily within phagocytes. Macrophages (MΦ) provide a permissive environment for fungal replication until T cell-dependent immunity is engaged. MΦ activated by granulocyte-MΦ colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induce metallothioneins (MTs) that bind zinc (Zn) and deprive yeast cells of labile Zn, thereby disabling fungal growth. Prior work demonstrated that the high affinity zinc importer, ZRT2, was important for fungal survival in vivo. Hence, we constructed a yeast cell reporter strain that expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of this importer. This reporter accurately responds to medium devoid of Zn. ZRT2 expression increased (∼5-fold) in GM-CSF, but not interferon-γ, stimulated MΦ. To examine the in vivo response, we infected mice with reporter yeasts and assessed ZRT2 expression at 0-, 3-, 7-, and 14-days post-infection (dpi). ZRT2 expression minimally increased at 3-dpi and peaked on 7-dpi, corresponding with onset of adaptive immunity. We discovered that the major phagocyte populations that restrict Zn to the fungus are interstitial MΦ and exudate MΦ. Neutralizing GM-CSF blunted control of infection but unexpectedly increased ZRT2 expression. This increase was dependent on another cytokine that activates MΦ to control H. capsulatum replication, M-CSF. These findings illustrate the reporter's ability to sense Zn in vitro and in vivo and correlate ZRT2 activity with GM-CSF and M-CSF activation of MΦ. Importance Phagocytes use an arsenal of defenses to control replication of Histoplasma yeasts, one of which is limitation of trace metals. On the other hand, H. capsulatum combats metal restriction by upregulating metal importers such as the Zn importer ZRT2. This transporter contributes to H. capsulatum pathogenesis upon activation of adaptive immunity. We constructed a fluorescent ZRT2 reporter to probe H. capsulatum Zn sensing during infection and exposed a role for M-CSF activation of macrophages when GM-CSF is absent. These data highlight the ways in which fungal pathogens sense metal deprivation in vivo and reveal the potential of metal-sensing reporters. The work adds a new dimension to studying how intracellular pathogens sense and respond to the changing environments of the host.
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22
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Mishra R, Hannebelle M, Patil VP, Dubois A, Garcia-Mouton C, Kirsch GM, Jan M, Sharma K, Guex N, Sordet-Dessimoz J, Perez-Gil J, Prakash M, Knott GW, Dhar N, McKinney JD, Thacker VV. Mechanopathology of biofilm-like Mycobacterium tuberculosis cords. Cell 2023; 186:5135-5150.e28. [PMID: 37865090 PMCID: PMC10642369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) cultured axenically without detergent forms biofilm-like cords, a clinical identifier of virulence. In lung-on-chip (LoC) and mouse models, cords in alveolar cells contribute to suppression of innate immune signaling via nuclear compression. Thereafter, extracellular cords cause contact-dependent phagocyte death but grow intercellularly between epithelial cells. The absence of these mechanopathological mechanisms explains the greater proportion of alveolar lesions with increased immune infiltration and dissemination defects in cording-deficient Mtb infections. Compression of Mtb lipid monolayers induces a phase transition that enables mechanical energy storage. Agent-based simulations demonstrate that the increased energy storage capacity is sufficient for the formation of cords that maintain structural integrity despite mechanical perturbation. Bacteria in cords remain translationally active despite antibiotic exposure and regrow rapidly upon cessation of treatment. This study provides a conceptual framework for the biophysics and function in tuberculosis infection and therapy of cord architectures independent of mechanisms ascribed to single bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Mishra
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Hannebelle
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Vishal P Patil
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anaëlle Dubois
- BioElectron Microscopy Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Gabriela M Kirsch
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Jan
- Bioinformatics Competence Centre, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Bioinformatics Competence Centre, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kunal Sharma
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Guex
- Bioinformatics Competence Centre, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Bioinformatics Competence Centre, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Sordet-Dessimoz
- Histology Core Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jesus Perez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry, University Complutense Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manu Prakash
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Graham W Knott
- BioElectron Microscopy Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Neeraj Dhar
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John D McKinney
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vivek V Thacker
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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23
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Kima PE. No place to hide! A method for revealing hidden loci of infection. Trends Parasitol 2023; 39:900-901. [PMID: 37743113 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The capacity to infect and survive in a wide variety of host cells is amongst the strategies that contribute to pathogen persistence. The recent study by Karagiannis et al. presents an unbiased approach to identify infected cells in a visceral leishmaniasis (VL) infection, which revealed parasites in unexpected host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E Kima
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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24
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Wynn EA, Dide-Agossou C, Reichlen M, Rossmassler K, Al Mubarak R, Reid JJ, Tabor ST, Born SEM, Ransom MR, Davidson RM, Walton KN, Benoit JB, Hoppers A, Loy DE, Bauman AA, Massoudi LM, Dolganov G, Strong M, Nahid P, Voskuil MI, Robertson GT, Moore CM, Walter ND. Transcriptional adaptation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that survives prolonged multi-drug treatment in mice. mBio 2023; 14:e0236323. [PMID: 37905920 PMCID: PMC10746229 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02363-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To address the ongoing global tuberculosis crisis, there is a need for shorter, more effective treatments. A major reason why tuberculosis requires prolonged treatment is that, following a short initial phase of rapid killing, the residual Mycobacterium tuberculosis withstands drug killing. Because existing methods lack sensitivity to quantify low-abundance mycobacterial RNA in drug-treated animals, cellular adaptations of drug-exposed bacterial phenotypes in vivo remain poorly understood. Here, we used a novel RNA-seq method called SEARCH-TB to elucidate the Mycobacterium tuberculosis transcriptome in mice treated for up to 28 days with standard doses of isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. We compared murine results with in vitro SEARCH-TB results during exposure to the same regimen. Treatment suppressed genes associated with growth, transcription, translation, synthesis of rRNA proteins, and immunogenic secretory peptides. Bacteria that survived prolonged treatment appeared to transition from ATP-maximizing respiration toward lower-efficiency pathways and showed modification and recycling of cell wall components, large-scale regulatory reprogramming, and reconfiguration of efflux pump expression. Although the pre-treatment in vivo and in vitro transcriptomes differed profoundly, genes differentially expressed following treatment in vivo and in vitro were similar, with differences likely attributable to immunity and drug pharmacokinetics in mice. These results reveal cellular adaptations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that withstand prolonged drug exposure in vivo, demonstrating proof of concept that SEARCH-TB is a highly granular pharmacodynamic readout. The surprising finding that differential expression is concordant in vivo and in vitro suggests that insights from transcriptional analyses in vitro may translate to the mouse. IMPORTANCE A major reason that curing tuberculosis requires prolonged treatment is that drug exposure changes bacterial phenotypes. The physiologic adaptations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that survive drug exposure in vivo have been obscure due to low sensitivity of existing methods in drug-treated animals. Using the novel SEARCH-TB RNA-seq platform, we elucidated Mycobacterium tuberculosis phenotypes in mice treated for with the global standard 4-drug regimen and compared them with the effect of the same regimen in vitro. This first view of the transcriptome of the minority Mycobacterium tuberculosis population that withstands treatment in vivo reveals adaptation of a broad range of cellular processes, including a shift in metabolism and cell wall modification. Surprisingly, the change in gene expression induced by treatment in vivo and in vitro was largely similar. This apparent "portability" from in vitro to the mouse provides important new context for in vitro transcriptional analyses that may support early preclinical drug evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Wynn
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christian Dide-Agossou
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Matthew Reichlen
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Karen Rossmassler
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Reem Al Mubarak
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Justin J. Reid
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Samuel T. Tabor
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sarah E. M. Born
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Monica R. Ransom
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rebecca M. Davidson
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kendra N. Walton
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeanne B. Benoit
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Amanda Hoppers
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Dorothy E. Loy
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Allison A. Bauman
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Lisa M. Massoudi
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Gregory Dolganov
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Michael Strong
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Payam Nahid
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- UCSF Center for Tuberculosis, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Martin I. Voskuil
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Gregory T. Robertson
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Camille M. Moore
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Nicholas D. Walter
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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25
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Gouzy A. Use of single-cell technology to improve our understanding of the role of TLR2 in macrophage- Mycobacterium tuberculosis interaction. mSystems 2023; 8:e0073023. [PMID: 37787569 PMCID: PMC10654086 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00730-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the agent of tuberculosis (TB), and its host cell, the macrophage, is multifaceted, dynamic, and involves multiple molecular partners. A better understanding of this interaction could help researchers manipulate the immune system in order to design host-targeted immunotherapies and/or develop a novel vaccine protecting better adults against TB. Jani and coworkers studied the role of the macrophage receptor TLR2 in the response to M. tuberculosis using single-cell technologies (C. Jani, S. L. Solomon, J. M. Peters, and S. C. Pringle, et al., mSystems, https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00052-23, 2023). This work addresses the multiple challenges associated with such studies and shows how informative single-cell analysis can be for the study of heterogeneous and complex host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Gouzy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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26
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Diatlova A, Linkova N, Lavrova A, Zinchenko Y, Medvedev D, Krasichkov A, Polyakova V, Yablonskiy P. Molecular Markers of Early Immune Response in Tuberculosis: Prospects of Application in Predictive Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13261. [PMID: 37686061 PMCID: PMC10487556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important public health problem and one of the leading causes of death. Individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) have an increased risk of developing active TB. The problem of the diagnosis of the various stages of TB and the identification of infected patients in the early stages has not yet been solved. The existing tests (the tuberculin skin test and the interferon-gamma release assay) are useful to distinguish between active and latent infections. But these tests cannot be used to predict the development of active TB in individuals with LTBI. The purpose of this review was to analyze the extant data of the interaction of M. tuberculosis with immune cells and identify molecular predictive markers and markers of the early stages of TB. An analysis of more than 90 sources from the literature allowed us to determine various subpopulations of immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of TB, namely, macrophages, dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and NK cells. The key molecular markers of the immune response to M. tuberculosis are cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IL-22b, IFNɣ, TNFa, and TGFß), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9), and their inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, and TIMP-4). It is supposed that these molecules could be used as biomarkers to characterize different stages of TB infection, to evaluate the effectiveness of its treatment, and as targets of pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Diatlova
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ligovskii Prospect, 2–4, 191036 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Linkova
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ligovskii Prospect, 2–4, 191036 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Biogerontology Department, St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, Dynamo pr., 3, 197110 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Lavrova
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ligovskii Prospect, 2–4, 191036 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Hospital Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, St. Petersburg State University, University Embankment, 7–9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yulia Zinchenko
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ligovskii Prospect, 2–4, 191036 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitrii Medvedev
- Biogerontology Department, St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, Dynamo pr., 3, 197110 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandr Krasichkov
- Department of Radio Engineering Systems, Electrotechnical University “LETI”, Prof. Popova Street 5F, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Victoria Polyakova
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ligovskii Prospect, 2–4, 191036 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Piotr Yablonskiy
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ligovskii Prospect, 2–4, 191036 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Hospital Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, St. Petersburg State University, University Embankment, 7–9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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27
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Tenório de Menezes YK, Eto C, de Oliveira J, Larson EC, Mendes DAGB, Dias GBM, Delgobo M, Gubernat AK, Gleim JL, Munari EL, Starick M, Ferreira F, Mansur DS, Costa DL, Scanga CA, Báfica A. The Endogenous Retinoic Acid Receptor Pathway Is Exploited by Mycobacterium tuberculosis during Infection, Both In Vitro and In Vivo. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:601-611. [PMID: 37395686 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a fundamental vitamin A metabolite involved in regulating immune responses through the nuclear RA receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor. While performing experiments using THP-1 cells as a model for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, we observed that serum-supplemented cultures displayed high levels of baseline RAR activation in the presence of live, but not heat-killed, bacteria, suggesting that M. tuberculosis robustly induces the endogenous RAR pathway. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we have further explored the role of endogenous RAR activity in M. tuberculosis infection through pharmacological inhibition of RARs. We found that M. tuberculosis induces classical RA response element genes such as CD38 and DHRS3 in both THP-1 cells and human primary CD14+ monocytes via a RAR-dependent pathway. M. tuberculosis-stimulated RAR activation was observed with conditioned media and required nonproteinaceous factor(s) present in FBS. Importantly, RAR blockade by (4-[(E)-2-[5,5-dimethyl-8-(2-phenylethynyl)-6H-naphthalen-2-yl]ethenyl]benzoic acid), a specific pan-RAR inverse agonist, in a low-dose murine model of tuberculosis significantly reduced SIGLEC-F+CD64+CD11c+high alveolar macrophages in the lungs, which correlated with 2× reduction in tissue mycobacterial burden. These results suggest that the endogenous RAR activation axis contributes to M. tuberculosis infection both in vitro and in vivo and reveal an opportunity for further investigation of new antituberculosis therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonne Karoline Tenório de Menezes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Carolina Eto
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Joseana de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Erica C Larson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Daniel A G B Mendes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Greicy Brisa Malaquias Dias
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Murilo Delgobo
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Abigail K Gubernat
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Janelle L Gleim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Eduarda Laís Munari
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marick Starick
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fabienne Ferreira
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Bacteria, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Daniel Santos Mansur
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Diego L Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Charles A Scanga
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - André Báfica
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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28
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Yang Q, Qi F, Ye T, Li J, Xu G, He X, Deng G, Zhang P, Liao M, Qiao K, Zhang Z. The interaction of macrophages and CD8 T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is associated with latent tuberculosis infection. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023:2239940. [PMID: 37470432 PMCID: PMC10399483 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2239940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, including active tuberculosis (TB) and latent Mtb infection (LTBI), leads to diverse outcomes owing to different host immune responses. However, the immune mechanisms that govern the progression from LTBI to TB remain poorly defined in humans. Here, we profiled the lung immune cell populations within the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with LTBI or TB using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We found that Mtb infection substantially changed the immune cell compartments in the BALF, especially for the three subsets of macrophages, monocyte macrophage (MM)-CCL23, MM-FCN1, and MM-SPP1, which were found to be associated with the disease status of TB infection. Notably, MM-CCL23 cells derived from monocytes after stimulation with Mtb were characterized by high levels of chemokine (CCL23 and CXCL5) production and might serve as a marker for Mtb infection. The MM-CCL23 population mainly recruited CD8-CCR6 T cells through CCL20/CCR6, which was a prominent feature associated with protection immunity in LTBI. This study improves our understanding of the lung immune landscape during Mtb infection, which may inform future vaccine design for protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianting Yang
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China
| | - Furong Qi
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Taosheng Ye
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Respiratory endoscopy, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinpei Li
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Respiratory endoscopy, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaomeng He
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guofang Deng
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine & Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peize Zhang
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine & Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingfeng Liao
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kun Qiao
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China
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29
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Goubet AG. Could the tumor-associated microbiota be the new multi-faceted player in the tumor microenvironment? Front Oncol 2023; 13:1185163. [PMID: 37287916 PMCID: PMC10242102 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1185163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms have been identified in tumor specimens for over a century. It is only in recent years that tumor-associated microbiota has become a rapidly expanding field. Assessment techniques encompass methods at the frontiers of molecular biology, microbiology, and histology, requiring a transdisciplinary process to carefully decipher this new component of the tumor microenvironment. Due to the low biomass, the study of tumor-associated microbiota poses technical, analytical, biological, and clinical challenges and must be approached as a whole. To date, several studies have begun to shed light on the composition, functions, and clinical relevance of the tumor-associated microbiota. This new piece of the tumor microenvironment puzzle could potentially change the way we think about and treat patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Gaëlle Goubet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- AGORA Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center Léman, Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Martini BA, Grigorov AS, Skvortsova YV, Bychenko OS, Salina EG, Azhikina TL. Small RNA MTS1338 Configures a Stress Resistance Signature in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097928. [PMID: 37175635 PMCID: PMC10178195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the course of evolution, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiological agent of tuberculosis, has developed sophisticated strategies to evade host immune response, including the synthesis of small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs), which regulate post-transcriptional pathways involved in the stress adaptation of mycobacteria. sRNA MTS1338 is upregulated in Mtb during its infection of cultured macrophages and in the model of chronic tuberculosis, suggesting involvement in host-pathogen interactions. Here, we analyzed the role of MTS1338 in the Mtb response to macrophage-like stresses in vitro. The Mtb strain overexpressing MTS1338 demonstrated enhanced survival ability under low pH, nitrosative, and oxidative stress conditions simulating the antimicrobial environment inside macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that in MTS1338-overexpressing Mtb, the stress factors led to the activation of a number of transcriptional regulators, toxin-antitoxin modules, and stress chaperones, about half of which coincided with the genes induced in Mtb phagocytosed by macrophages. We determined the MTS1338 "core regulon", consisting of 11 genes that were activated in all conditions under MTS1338 overexpression. Our findings indicate that MTS1338 is a stress-induced sRNA that promotes Mtb survival in macrophages by triggering adaptive transcriptional mechanisms in response to host antimicrobial defense reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy A Martini
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem S Grigorov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia V Skvortsova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana S Bychenko
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena G Salina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana L Azhikina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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31
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Dai Y, Zhu C, Xiao W, Huang K, Wang X, Shi C, Lin D, Zhang H, Liu X, Peng B, Gao Y, Liu CH, Ge B, Kaufmann SH, Feng CG, Chen X, Cai Y. Mycobacterium tuberculosis hijacks host TRIM21- and NCOA4-dependent ferritinophagy to enhance intracellular growth. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:159941. [PMID: 37066876 PMCID: PMC10104892 DOI: 10.1172/jci159941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferritin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis in macrophages, has been reported to confer host defenses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) was recently identified as a cargo receptor in ferritin degradation. Here, we show that Mtb infection enhanced NCOA4-mediated ferritin degradation in macrophages, which in turn increased the bioavailability of iron to intracellular Mtb and therefore promoted bacterial growth. Of clinical relevance, the upregulation of FTH1 in macrophages was associated with tuberculosis (TB) disease progression in humans. Mechanistically, Mtb infection enhanced NCOA4-mediated ferritin degradation through p38/AKT1- and TRIM21-mediated proteasomal degradation of HERC2, an E3 ligase of NCOA4. Finally, we confirmed that NCOA4 deficiency in myeloid cells expedites the clearance of Mtb infection in a murine model. Together, our findings revealed a strategy by which Mtb hijacks host ferritin metabolism for its own intracellular survival. Therefore, this represents a potential target for host-directed therapy against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youchao Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanzhi Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kaisong Huang
- Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenyan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dachuan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huihua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cui Hua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxue Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Stefan He Kaufmann
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Carl G Feng
- Immunology and Host Defense Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xinchun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
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32
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Pisu D, Russell DG. Protocol for multi-modal single-cell RNA sequencing on M. tuberculosis-infected mouse lungs. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102102. [PMID: 36853694 PMCID: PMC9937979 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate how different immune cells contribute to control or progression of M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, we developed a technique to perform multi-modal single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) from in vivo Mtb-infected lung macrophages. This protocol simultaneously acquires the transcriptome, surface marker expression, and bacterial phenotype of each infected cell. We describe steps for sorting Mtb-infected cells and staining with CITE-seq antibodies, as well as for methanol fixation and generation of scRNA-seq libraries. This protocol can be used on tissues derived from murine, nonhuman primate, and human infections. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Pisu et al. (2021).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Pisu
- Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - David G Russell
- Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Bedard M, van der Niet S, Bernard EM, Babunovic G, Cheng TY, Aylan B, Grootemaat AE, Raman S, Botella L, Ishikawa E, O'Sullivan MP, O'Leary S, Mayfield JA, Buter J, Minnaard AJ, Fortune SM, Murphy LO, Ory DS, Keane J, Yamasaki S, Gutierrez MG, van der Wel N, Moody DB. A terpene nucleoside from M. tuberculosis induces lysosomal lipid storage in foamy macrophages. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:161944. [PMID: 36757797 PMCID: PMC10014106 DOI: 10.1172/jci161944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of lipid-laden foamy macrophages is a cellular hallmark of tuberculosis (TB) disease, which involves the transformation of infected phagolysosomes from a site of killing into a nutrient-rich replicative niche. Here, we show that a terpenyl nucleoside shed from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 1-tuberculosinyladenosine (1-TbAd), caused lysosomal maturation arrest and autophagy blockade, leading to lipid storage in M1 macrophages. Pure 1-TbAd, or infection with terpenyl nucleoside-producing M. tuberculosis, caused intralysosomal and peribacillary lipid storage patterns that matched both the molecules and subcellular locations known in foamy macrophages. Lipidomics showed that 1-TbAd induced storage of triacylglycerides and cholesterylesters and that 1-TbAd increased M. tuberculosis growth under conditions of restricted lipid access in macrophages. Furthermore, lipidomics identified 1-TbAd-induced lipid substrates that define Gaucher's disease, Wolman's disease, and other inborn lysosomal storage diseases. These data identify genetic and molecular causes of M. tuberculosis-induced lysosomal failure, leading to successful testing of an agonist of TRPML1 calcium channels that reverses lipid storage in cells. These data establish the host-directed cellular functions of an orphan effector molecule that promotes survival in macrophages, providing both an upstream cause and detailed picture of lysosome failure in foamy macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bedard
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanne van der Niet
- Electron Microscopy Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elliott M Bernard
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Babunovic
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tan-Yun Cheng
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Beren Aylan
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anita E Grootemaat
- Electron Microscopy Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sahadevan Raman
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laure Botella
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eri Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Mary P O'Sullivan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Seónadh O'Leary
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacob A Mayfield
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey Buter
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J Minnaard
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sarah M Fortune
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Daniel S Ory
- Casma Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph Keane
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Maximiliano G Gutierrez
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole van der Wel
- Electron Microscopy Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - D Branch Moody
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Wynn EA, Dide-Agossou C, Reichlen M, Rossmassler K, Al Mubarak R, Reid JJ, Tabor ST, Born SEM, Ransom MR, Davidson RM, Walton KN, Benoit JB, Hoppers A, Bauman AA, Massoudi LM, Dolganov G, Nahid P, Voskuil MI, Robertson GT, Moore CM, Walter ND. Transcriptional adaptation of drug-tolerant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.06.531356. [PMID: 36945388 PMCID: PMC10028792 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.06.531356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptome evaluation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs of laboratory animals during long-term treatment has been limited by extremely low abundance of bacterial mRNA relative to eukaryotic RNA. Here we report a targeted amplification RNA sequencing method called SEARCH-TB. After confirming that SEARCH-TB recapitulates conventional RNA-seq in vitro, we applied SEARCH-TB to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected BALB/c mice treated for up to 28 days with the global standard isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol regimen. We compared results in mice with 8-day exposure to the same regimen in vitro. After treatment of mice for 28 days, SEARCH-TB suggested broad suppression of genes associated with bacterial growth, transcription, translation, synthesis of rRNA proteins and immunogenic secretory peptides. Adaptation of drug-stressed Mycobacterium tuberculosis appeared to include a metabolic transition from ATP-maximizing respiration towards lower-efficiency pathways, modification and recycling of cell wall components, large-scale regulatory reprogramming, and reconfiguration of efflux pumps expression. Despite markedly different expression at pre-treatment baseline, murine and in vitro samples had broadly similar transcriptional change during treatment. The differences observed likely indicate the importance of immunity and pharmacokinetics in the mouse. By elucidating the long-term effect of tuberculosis treatment on bacterial cellular processes in vivo, SEARCH-TB represents a highly granular pharmacodynamic monitoring tool with potential to enhance evaluation of new regimens and thereby accelerate progress towards a new generation of more effective tuberculosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Wynn
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christian Dide-Agossou
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew Reichlen
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karen Rossmassler
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Reem Al Mubarak
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Justin J Reid
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Samuel T Tabor
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sarah E M Born
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Monica R Ransom
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rebecca M Davidson
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Kendra N Walton
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jeanne B Benoit
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Amanda Hoppers
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Allison A Bauman
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Lisa M Massoudi
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Gregory Dolganov
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Payam Nahid
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Center for Tuberculosis, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martin I Voskuil
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gregory T Robertson
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Camille M Moore
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas D Walter
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Consortium for Applied Microbial Metrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Qin G, Ai X, Xu J, Yang Y. Dual RNA-seq of spleens extracted from channel catfish infected with Aeromonas veronii reveals novel insights into host-pathogen interactions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114609. [PMID: 36739739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between host and pathogen are involving various dynamic changes in transcript expression and critical for understanding host immunity against infections and its associated pathogenesis. Herein, we established a model of channel catfish infected with Aeromonas veronii. The infected fish had prominent body surface bleeding, and the spleen showed hyperemia and swelling. Then, the spleen of channel catfish infected with A. veronii was analyzed by dual RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and the transcriptome data were compared with uninfected channel catfish spleen or bacteria cultured in vitro. The transcript expression profile of pathogen-host interaction between A. veronii and channel catfish was successfully studied. During infection, the host was enriched for multiple immune-related signaling pathways, such as the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and T cell receptor signaling pathway; and significantly upregulated for many innate immune-related genes, including IL-8. At the same time, we found that A. veronii mainly harmed the host spleen through hemolysin. Our current findings are of great significance in clarifying the pathogenesis of channel catfish induced by A. veronii and provide gene targets for developing preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaixiao Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan university of animal husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
| | - Yibin Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
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The EspN transcription factor is an infection-dependent regulator of the ESX-1 system in M. marinum. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.15.528779. [PMID: 36824794 PMCID: PMC9948972 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.528779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens use protein secretion systems to translocate virulence factors into the host and to control bacterial gene expression. The ESX-1 (ESAT-6 system 1) secretion system facilitates disruption of the macrophage phagosome during infection, enabling access to the cytoplasm, and regulates widespread gene expression in the mycobacterial cell. The transcription factors contributing to the ESX-1 transcriptional network during mycobacterial infection are not known. We showed that the EspM and WhiB6 transcription factors regulate the ESX-1 transcriptional network in vitro but are dispensable for macrophage infection by Mycobacterium marinum . In this study, we used our understanding of the ESX-1 system to identify EspN, a critical transcription factor that controls expression of the ESX-1 genes during infection, but whose effect is not detectable under standard laboratory growth conditions. Under laboratory conditions, EspN activity is masked by the EspM repressor. In the absence of EspM, we found that EspN is required for ESX-1 function because it activates expression of the whiB6 transcription factor gene, and specific ESX-1 substrate and secretory component genes. Unlike the other transcription factors that regulate ESX-1, EspN is required for M. marinum growth within and cytolysis of macrophages, and for disease burden in a zebrafish larval model of infection. These findings demonstrate that EspN is an infection-dependent regulator of the ESX-1 transcriptional network, which is essential for mycobacterial pathogenesis. Moreover, our findings suggest that ESX-1 expression is controlled by a genetic switch that responds to host specific signals. Importance Pathogenic mycobacteria cause acute and long-term diseases, including human tuberculosis. The ESX-1 system transports proteins that control the host response to infection and promotes bacterial survival. Although ESX-1 transports proteins, it also controls gene expression in the bacteria. In this study, we identify an undescribed transcription factor that controls the expression of ESX-1 genes, and is required for both macrophage and animal infection. However, this transcription factor is not the primary regulator of ESX-1 genes under standard laboratory conditions. These findings identify a critical transcription factor that controls expression of a major virulence pathway during infection, but whose effect is not detectable with standard laboratory strains and growth conditions.
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Exploration of Lipid Metabolism Alterations in Children with Active Tuberculosis Using UHPLC-MS/MS. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:8111355. [PMID: 36815950 PMCID: PMC9936505 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8111355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic profiling using nonsputum samples has demonstrated excellent performance in diagnosing infectious diseases. But little is known about the lipid metabolism alternation in children with tuberculosis (TB). Therefore, the study was performed to explore lipid metabolic changes caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and identify specific lipids as diagnostic biomarkers in children with TB using UHPLC-MS/MS. Plasma samples obtained from 70 active TB children, 21 non-TB infectious disease children, and 21 healthy controls were analyzed by a partial least-squares discriminant analysis model in the training set, and 12 metabolites were identified that can separate children with TB from non-TB controls. In the independent testing cohort with 49 subjects, three of the markers, PC (15:0/17:1), PC (17:1/18:2), and PE (18:1/20:3), presented with high diagnostic values. The areas under the curve of the three metabolites were 0.904, 0.833, and 0.895, respectively. The levels of the altered lipid metabolites were found to be associated with the severity of the TB disease. Taken together, plasma lipid metabolites are potentially useful for diagnosis of active TB in children and would provide insights into the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Koyyada P, Mishra S. A systematic computational analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and human CD34+ genomic expression reveals crucial molecular entities involved in infection progression. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13332-13347. [PMID: 36744528 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2175257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The co-evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv along with its host systems enables the pathogenic bacterium to emerge as a multi-drug resistant form. This creates challenges for a more efficacious treatment strategy that can mitigate the infection. Working towards the same, our study followed a mathematical and statistical approach proposing that mycobacterial transcription factors regulating virulence and adaptation, host cell cytoplasmic component metabolism, oxidoreductase activity and respiratory ETC would be targets for antibiotics against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Simultaneously, extending the statistical study on Mycobacterium-infected human cord blood CD34+ cells revealed that the human CD34+ genes, S100A8 and FGR (tyrosine-protein kinase, Src2), might be affected in the infection pathogenesis by Mycobacterium. Further, the deduced Mycobacterium-human gene interaction network proposed that mycobacterial coregulators Rv0452 (MarR family regulator) and Rv3862c (WhiB6) triggered genes controlling bacterial metabolism, which influences human immunological pathways involving TLR2 and CXCL8/MAPK8.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveena Koyyada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Seema Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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39
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Wang JQ, Gao MY, Gao R, Zhao KH, Zhang Y, Li X. Oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Advances in development, disease, and heterogeneity. J Neurochem 2023; 164:468-480. [PMID: 36415921 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) originate in the ventricular zone (VZ) of the brain and spinal cord, and their primary function is to differentiate into oligodendrocytes (OLs). Studies have shown that OPCs and OLs are pathologically and physiologically heterogeneous. Previous transcriptome analyses used Bulk RNA-seq, which compares average gene expression in cells and does not allow for heterogeneity. In recent years, the development of single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell nuclear sequencing (snRNA-seq) has allowed us to study an individual cell. In this review, sc/snRNA-seq was used to study the different subpopulations of OL lineage cells, their developmental trajectories, and their applications in related diseases. These techniques can distinguish different subpopulations of cells, and identify differentially expressed genes in particular cell types under certain conditions, such as treatment or disease. It is of great significance to the study of the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke-Han Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Paiola M, Dimitrakopoulou D, Pavelka MS, Robert J. Amphibians as a model to study the role of immune cell heterogeneity in host and mycobacterial interactions. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104594. [PMID: 36403788 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterial infections represent major concerns for aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates including humans. Although our current knowledge is mostly restricted to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and mammalian host interactions, increasing evidence suggests common features in endo- and ectothermic animals infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) like those described for M. tuberculosis. Importantly, most of the pathogenic and non-pathogenic NTMs detected in amphibians from wild, farmed, and research facilities represent, in addition to the potential economic loss, a rising concern for human health. Upon mycobacterial infection in mammals, the protective immune responses involving the innate and adaptive immune systems are highly complex and therefore not fully understood. This complexity results from the versatility and resilience of mycobacteria to hostile conditions as well as from the immune cell heterogeneity arising from the distinct developmental origins according with the concept of layered immunity. Similar to the differing responses of neonates versus adults during tuberculosis development, the pathogenesis and inflammatory responses are stage-specific in Xenopus laevis during infection by the NTM M. marinum. That is, both in human fetal and neonatal development and in tadpole development, responses are characterized by hypo-responsiveness and a lower capacity to contain mycobacterial infections. Similar to a mammalian fetus and neonates, T cells and myeloid cells in Xenopus tadpoles and axolotls are different from the adult immune cells. Fetal and amphibian larval T cells, which are characterized by a lower T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire diversity, are biased toward regulatory function, and they have distinct progenitor origins from those of the adult immune cells. Some early developing T cells and likely macrophage subpopulations are conserved in adult anurans and mammals, and therefore, they likely play an important role in the host-pathogen interactions from early stages of development to adulthood. Thus, we propose the use of developing amphibians, which have the advantage of being free-living early in their development, as an alternative and complementary model to study the role of immune cell heterogeneity in host-mycobacteria interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Paiola
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Dionysia Dimitrakopoulou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Martin S Pavelka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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Mendonca LE, Pernet E, Khan N, Sanz J, Kaufmann E, Downey J, Grant A, Orlova M, Schurr E, Krawczyk C, Jones RG, Barreiro LB, Divangahi M. Human alveolar macrophage metabolism is compromised during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1044592. [PMID: 36776396 PMCID: PMC9910175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1044592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary macrophages have two distinct ontogenies: long-lived embryonically-seeded alveolar macrophages (AM) and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). Here, we show that after infection with a virulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv), primary murine AM exhibit a unique transcriptomic signature characterized by metabolic reprogramming distinct from conventional BMDM. In contrast to BMDM, AM failed to shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis and consequently were unable to control infection with an avirulent strain (H37Ra). Importantly, healthy human AM infected with H37Ra equally demonstrated diminished energetics, recapitulating our observation in the murine model system. However, the results from seahorse showed that the shift towards glycolysis in both AM and BMDM was inhibited by H37Rv. We further demonstrated that pharmacological (e.g. metformin or the iron chelator desferrioxamine) reprogramming of AM towards glycolysis reduced necrosis and enhanced AM capacity to control H37Rv growth. Together, our results indicate that the unique bioenergetics of AM renders these cells a perfect target for Mtb survival and that metabolic reprogramming may be a viable host targeted therapy against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Mendonca
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology and,McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Erwan Pernet
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology and,McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nargis Khan
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology and,McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joaquin Sanz
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI) for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems and Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eva Kaufmann
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology and,McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Downey
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology and,McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Grant
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology and,McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marianna Orlova
- McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Medicine and Human Genetics, McGill University. Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Erwin Schurr
- McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Medicine and Human Genetics, McGill University. Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Connie Krawczyk
- Department of Physiology, Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,VanAndel Institute, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Russell G. Jones
- Department of Physiology, Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,VanAndel Institute, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Luis B. Barreiro
- McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Genetics, Centre hospitalier de l'Université (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada,University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, Section of Genetic Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology and,McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Maziar Divangahi,
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Ludi Z, Sule AA, Samy RP, Putera I, Schrijver B, Hutchinson PE, Gunaratne J, Verma I, Singhal A, Nora RLD, van Hagen PM, Dik WA, Gupta V, Agrawal R. Diagnosis and biomarkers for ocular tuberculosis: From the present into the future. Theranostics 2023; 13:2088-2113. [PMID: 37153734 PMCID: PMC10157737 DOI: 10.7150/thno.81488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and can manifest both pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease, including ocular tuberculosis (OTB). Accurate diagnosis and swift optimal treatment initiation for OTB is faced by many challenges combined with the lack of standardized treatment regimens this results in uncertain OTB outcomes. The purpose of this study is to summarize existing diagnostic approaches and recently discovered biomarkers that may contribute to establishing OTB diagnosis, choice of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) regimen, and treatment monitoring. The keywords ocular tuberculosis, tuberculosis, Mycobacterium, biomarkers, molecular diagnosis, multi-omics, proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, T-lymphocytes profiling were searched on PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Articles and books published with at least one of the keywords were included and screened for relevance. There was no time limit for study inclusion. More emphasis was placed on recent publications that contributed new information about the pathogenesis, diagnosis, or treatment of OTB. We excluded abstracts and articles that were not written in the English language. References cited within the identified articles were used to further supplement the search. We found 10 studies evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), and 6 studies evaluating that of tuberculin skin test (TST) in OTB patients. IGRA (Sp = 71-100%, Se = 36-100%) achieves overall better sensitivity and specificity than TST (Sp = 51.1-85.7%; Se = 70.9-98.5%). For nuclear acid amplification tests (NAAT), we found 7 studies on uniplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with different Mtb targets, 7 studies on DNA-based multiplex PCR, 1 study on mRNA-based multiplex PCR, 4 studies on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay with different Mtb targets, 3 studies on GeneXpert assay, 1 study on GeneXpert Ultra assay and 1 study for MTBDRplus assay for OTB. Specificity is overall improved but sensitivity is highly variable for NAATs (excluding uniplex PCR, Sp = 50-100%; Se = 10.5-98%) as compared to IGRA. We also found 3 transcriptomic studies, 6 proteomic studies, 2 studies on stimulation assays, 1 study on intraocular protein analysis and 1 study on T-lymphocyte profiling in OTB patients. All except 1 study evaluated novel, previously undiscovered biomarkers. Only 1 study has been externally validated by a large independent cohort. Future theranostic marker discovery by a multi-omics approach is essential to deepen pathophysiological understanding of OTB. Combined these might result in swift, optimal and personalized treatment regimens to modulate the heterogeneous mechanisms of OTB. Eventually, these studies could improve the current cumbersome diagnosis and management of OTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ludi
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ashita Ashish Sule
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramar Perumal Samy
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ikhwanuliman Putera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - CiptoMangunkusmoKirana Eye Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Schrijver
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Edward Hutchinson
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jayantha Gunaratne
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Indu Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Singhal
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore, Singapore
- A*SATR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rina La Distia Nora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - CiptoMangunkusmoKirana Eye Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- University of Indonesia Hospital (RSUI), Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - P. Martin van Hagen
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem A Dik
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vishali Gupta
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupesh Agrawal
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore, Singapore
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- ✉ Corresponding author: A/Prof (Dr) Rupesh Agrawal, Senior Consultant, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433,
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Ashenafi S, Brighenti S. Reinventing the human tuberculosis (TB) granuloma: Learning from the cancer field. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1059725. [PMID: 36591229 PMCID: PMC9797505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1059725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases in the world and every 20 seconds a person dies from TB. An important attribute of human TB is induction of a granulomatous inflammation that creates a dynamic range of local microenvironments in infected organs, where the immune responses may be considerably different compared to the systemic circulation. New and improved technologies for in situ quantification and multimodal imaging of mRNA transcripts and protein expression at the single-cell level have enabled significantly improved insights into the local TB granuloma microenvironment. Here, we review the most recent data on regulation of immunity in the TB granuloma with an enhanced focus on selected in situ studies that enable spatial mapping of immune cell phenotypes and functions. We take advantage of the conceptual framework of the cancer-immunity cycle to speculate how local T cell responses may be enhanced in the granuloma microenvironment at the site of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. This includes an exploratory definition of "hot", immune-inflamed, and "cold", immune-excluded TB granulomas that does not refer to the level of bacterial replication or metabolic activity, but to the relative infiltration of T cells into the infected lesions. Finally, we reflect on the current knowledge and controversy related to reactivation of active TB in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. An understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the induction and maintenance or disruption of immunoregulation in the TB granuloma microenvironment may provide new avenues for host-directed therapies that can support standard antibiotic treatment of persistent TB disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senait Ashenafi
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Susanna Brighenti
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden,*Correspondence: Susanna Brighenti,
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Macrophage NFATC2 mediates angiogenic signaling during mycobacterial infection. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111817. [PMID: 36516756 PMCID: PMC9880963 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During mycobacterial infections, pathogenic mycobacteria manipulate both host immune and stromal cells to establish and maintain a productive infection. In humans, non-human primates, and zebrafish models of infection, pathogenic mycobacteria produce and modify the specialized lipid trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) in the bacterial cell envelope to drive host angiogenesis toward the site of forming granulomas, leading to enhanced bacterial growth. Here, we use the zebrafish-Mycobacterium marinum infection model to define the signaling basis of the host angiogenic response. Through intravital imaging and cell-restricted peptide-mediated inhibition, we identify macrophage-specific activation of NFAT signaling as essential to TDM-mediated angiogenesis in vivo. Exposure of cultured human cells to Mycobacterium tuberculosis results in robust induction of VEGFA, which is dependent on a signaling pathway downstream of host TDM detection and culminates in NFATC2 activation. As granuloma-associated angiogenesis is known to serve bacterial-beneficial roles, these findings identify potential host targets to improve tuberculosis disease outcomes.
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45
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Immune cell interactions in tuberculosis. Cell 2022; 185:4682-4702. [PMID: 36493751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite having been identified as the organism that causes tuberculosis in 1882, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has managed to still evade our understanding of the protective immune response against it, defying the development of an effective vaccine. Technology and novel experimental models have revealed much new knowledge, particularly with respect to the heterogeneity of the bacillus and the host response. This review focuses on certain immunological elements that have recently yielded exciting data and highlights the importance of taking a holistic approach to understanding the interaction of M. tuberculosis with the many host cells that contribute to the development of protective immunity.
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Parbhoo T, Schurz H, Mouton JM, Sampson SL. Persistence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in response to infection burden and host-induced stressors. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:981827. [PMID: 36530432 PMCID: PMC9755487 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.981827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis progresses, the bacilli experience various degrees of host stressors in the macrophage phagosome such as low pH, nutrient deprivation, or exposure to toxic agents, which promotes cell-to-cell phenotypic variation. This includes a physiologically viable but non- or slowly replicating persister subpopulation, which is characterised by a loss of growth on solid media, while remaining metabolically active. Persisters additionally evade the host immune response and macrophage antimicrobial processes by adapting their metabolic pathways to maintain survival and persistence in the host. Methods A flow cytometry-based dual-fluorescent replication reporter assay, termed fluorescence dilution, provided a culture-independent method to characterize the single-cell replication dynamics of M. tuberculosis persisters following macrophage infection. Fluorescence dilution in combination with reference counting beads and a metabolic esterase reactive probe, calcein violet AM, provided an effective approach to enumerate and characterize the phenotypic heterogeneity within M. tuberculosis following macrophage infection. Results Persister formation appeared dependent on the initial infection burden and intracellular bacterial burden. However, inhibition of phagocytosis by cytochalasin D treatment resulted in a significantly higher median percentage of persisters compared to inhibition of phagosome acidification by bafilomycin A1 treatment. Discussion Our results suggest that different host factors differentially impact the intracellular bacterial burden, adaptive mechanisms and entry into persistence in macrophages.
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Chandra P, Grigsby SJ, Philips JA. Immune evasion and provocation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:750-766. [PMID: 35879556 PMCID: PMC9310001 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, has infected humans for millennia. M. tuberculosis is well adapted to establish infection, persist in the face of the host immune response and be transmitted to uninfected individuals. Its ability to complete this infection cycle depends on it both evading and taking advantage of host immune responses. The outcome of M. tuberculosis infection is often a state of equilibrium characterized by immunological control and bacterial persistence. Recent data have highlighted the diverse cell populations that respond to M. tuberculosis infection and the dynamic changes in the cellular and intracellular niches of M. tuberculosis during the course of infection. M. tuberculosis possesses an arsenal of protein and lipid effectors that influence macrophage functions and inflammatory responses; however, our understanding of the role that specific bacterial virulence factors play in the context of diverse cellular reservoirs and distinct infection stages is limited. In this Review, we discuss immune evasion and provocation by M. tuberculosis during its infection cycle and describe how a more detailed molecular understanding is crucial to enable the development of novel host-directed therapies, disease biomarkers and effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Chandra
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven J Grigsby
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer A Philips
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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Sun C, Guo Q, Zeeshan M, Milham P, Qin S, Ma J, Yang Y, Lai H, Huang J. Dual RNA and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing reveal arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-mediated mitigation of selenate stress in Zea mays L. and reshaping of soil microbiota. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114217. [PMID: 36306613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Excessively high concentrations of selenium (Se) in soil are toxic to crop plants, and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can reverse Se stress in maize (Zea mays L.). To investigate the underlying mechanisms, maize seedlings were treated with sodium selenate (5 mg Se[VI] kg-1) and/or AMF (Funneliformis mosseae and Claroideoglomus etunicatum). Dual RNA sequencing in mycorrhiza and 16 S ribosomal DNA sequencing in soil were performed. The results showed that Se(VI) application alone decreased plant dry weight, but increased plant Se concentration, total Se content (mainly selenocysteine), and root superoxide content. Inoculation with either F. mosseae or C. etunicatum increased plant dry weight, decreased Se accumulation and selenocysteine proportion, enhanced root peroxidase activity, and alleviated oxidative stress in Se(VI)-treated plants. Inoculation also downregulated the expression of genes encoding Se transporters, assimilation enzymes, and cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases in Se(VI)-stressed plants, similar to plant-pathogen interaction and glutathione metabolism related genes. Conversely, genes encoding selenium-binding proteins and those related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were upregulated in inoculated plants under Se(VI) stress. Compared with Se(VI)-free plants, Se tolerance index, symbiotic feedback percentage on plant dry weight, and root colonization rate were all increased in inoculated plants under Se(VI) stress, corresponding to upregulated expression of 'key genes' in symbiosis. AMF inoculation increased bacterial diversity, decreased the relative abundances of selenobacteria related to plant Se absorption (e.g., Proteobacteria and Firmicutes), and improved bacterial network complexity in Se(VI)-stressed soils. We suggest that stress-mediated enhancement of mycorrhizal symbiosis contributed to plant Se(VI) tolerance, whereas AMF-mediated reshaping of soil bacterial community structure prevented excessive Se accumulation in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Sun
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Qiao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Paul Milham
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Shengfeng Qin
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Junqing Ma
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Yisen Yang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Hangxian Lai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jinghua Huang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
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Nelson BN, Daugherty CS, Sharp RR, Booth JL, Patel VI, Metcalf JP, Jones KL, Wozniak KL. Protective interaction of human phagocytic APC subsets with Cryptococcus neoformans induces genes associated with metabolism and antigen presentation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1054477. [PMID: 36466930 PMCID: PMC9709479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1054477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis is the most common cause of meningitis among HIV/AIDS patients in sub-Saharan Africa, and worldwide causes over 223,000 cases leading to more than 181,000 annual deaths. Usually, the fungus gets inhaled into the lungs where the initial interactions occur with pulmonary phagocytes such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Following phagocytosis, the pathogen can be killed or can replicate intracellularly. Previous studies in mice showed that different subsets of these innate immune cells can either be antifungal or permissive for intracellular fungal growth. Our studies tested phagocytic antigen-presenting cell (APC) subsets from the human lung against C. neoformans. Human bronchoalveolar lavage was processed for phagocytic APCs and incubated with C. neoformans for two hours to analyze the initial interactions and fate of the fungus, living or killed. Results showed all subsets (3 macrophage and 3 dendritic cell subsets) interacted with the fungus, and both living and killed morphologies were discernable within the subsets using imaging flow cytometry. Single cell RNA-seq identified several different clusters of cells which more closely related to interactions with C. neoformans and its protective capacity against the pathogen rather than discrete cellular subsets. Differential gene expression analyses identified several changes in the innate immune cell's transcriptome as it kills the fungus including increases of TNF-α (TNF) and the switch to using fatty acid metabolism by upregulation of the gene FABP4. Also, increases of TNF-α correlated to cryptococcal interactions and uptake. Together, these analyses implicated signaling networks that regulate expression of many different genes - both metabolic and immune - as certain clusters of cells mount a protective response and kill the pathogen. Future studies will examine these genes and networks to understand the exact mechanism(s) these phagocytic APC subsets use to kill C. neoformans in order to develop immunotherapeutic strategies to combat this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N. Nelson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Cheyenne S. Daugherty
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Rachel R. Sharp
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - J. Leland Booth
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Vineet I. Patel
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Jordan P. Metcalf
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Kenneth L. Jones
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Karen L. Wozniak
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
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Amaral EP, Foreman TW, Namasivayam S, Hilligan KL, Kauffman KD, Barbosa Bomfim CC, Costa DL, Barreto-Duarte B, Gurgel-Rocha C, Santana MF, Cordeiro-Santos M, Du Bruyn E, Riou C, Aberman K, Wilkinson RJ, Barber DL, Mayer-Barber KD, Andrade BB, Sher A. GPX4 regulates cellular necrosis and host resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20220504. [PMID: 36069923 PMCID: PMC9458471 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular necrosis during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection promotes both immunopathology and bacterial dissemination. Glutathione peroxidase-4 (Gpx4) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in preventing iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-mediated cell death (ferroptosis), a process previously implicated in the necrotic pathology seen in Mtb-infected mice. Here, we document altered GPX4 expression, glutathione levels, and lipid peroxidation in patients with active tuberculosis and assess the role of this pathway in mice genetically deficient in or overexpressing Gpx4. We found that Gpx4-deficient mice infected with Mtb display substantially increased lung necrosis and bacterial burdens, while transgenic mice overexpressing the enzyme show decreased bacterial loads and necrosis. Moreover, Gpx4-deficient macrophages exhibited enhanced necrosis upon Mtb infection in vitro, an outcome suppressed by the lipid peroxidation inhibitor, ferrostatin-1. These findings provide support for the role of ferroptosis in Mtb-induced necrosis and implicate the Gpx4/GSH axis as a target for host-directed therapy of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo P. Amaral
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Taylor W. Foreman
- T Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sivaranjani Namasivayam
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kerry L. Hilligan
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Keith D. Kauffman
- T Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Caio Cesar Barbosa Bomfim
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Diego L. Costa
- Departmento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador, Laureate Universities, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Gurgel-Rocha
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Sao Rafael Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Monique Freire Santana
- Departmento de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Centro de Controle de Oncologia do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Elsa Du Bruyn
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Catherine Riou
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kate Aberman
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert John Wilkinson
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel L. Barber
- T Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Katrin D. Mayer-Barber
- Inflammation and Innate Immunity Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador, Laureate Universities, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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