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Beltrán de Heredia I, González-Gaya B, Zuloaga O, Garrido I, Acosta T, Etxebarria N, Ruiz-Romera E. Occurrence of emerging contaminants in three river basins impacted by wastewater treatment plant effluents: Spatio-seasonal patterns and environmental risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174062. [PMID: 38917906 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The concern on the fate and distribution of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) is a burning topic due to their widespread occurrence and potential harmful effects. Particularly, antibiotics have received great attention due to their implications in antimicrobial resistance occurrence. The impact of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is remarkable, being one of the main pathways for the introduction of CECs into aquatic systems. The combination of novel analytical methodologies and risk assessment strategies is a promising tool to find out environmentally relevant compounds posing major concerns in freshwater ecosystems impacted by those wastewater effluents. Within this context, a multi-target approach was applied in three Spanish river basins affected by different WWTP treated effluents for spatio-temporal monitoring of their chemical status. Solid phase extraction followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography were used for the quantification of a large panel of compounds (n = 270), including pharmaceuticals and other consumer products, pesticides and industrial chemicals. To this end, water samples were collected in four sampling campaigns at three locations in each basin: (i) upstream from the WWTPs; (ii) WWTP effluent discharge points (effluent outfall); and (iii) downstream from the WWTPs (500 m downriver from the effluent outfall). Likewise, 24-h composite effluent samples from each of the WWTPs were provided in all sampling periods. First the occurrence and distribution of these compounds were assessed. Diverse seasonal trends were observed depending on the group of emerging compounds, though COVID-19 outbreak affected variations of certain pharmaceuticals. Detection frequencies and concentrations in effluents generally exceeded those in river samples and concentrations measured upstream WWTPs were generally low or non-quantifiable. Finally, risks associated with maximum contamination levels were evaluated using two different approaches to account for antibiotic resistance selection as well. From all studied compounds, 89 evidenced environmental risk on at least one occasion in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Beltrán de Heredia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Belén González-Gaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua 47, 48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Olatz Zuloaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua 47, 48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Itziar Garrido
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Teresa Acosta
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Nestor Etxebarria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Leioa, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua 47, 48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Estilita Ruiz-Romera
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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Schmidt S, Hoffmann H, Garbe LA, Harrer A, Steiner M, Himly M, Schneider RJ. Re-assessment of monoclonal antibodies against diclofenac for their application in the analysis of environmental waters. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:3349-3363. [PMID: 38742423 PMCID: PMC11138808 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01333b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac (DCF) is an important environmental contaminant occurring in surface waters all over the world, because, after excretion, it is not adequately removed from wastewater in sewage treatment plants. To be able to monitor this pollutant, highly efficient analytical methods are needed, including immunoassays. In a medical research project, monoclonal antibodies against diclofenac and its metabolites had been produced. Based on this monoclonal anti-DCF antibody, a new indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and applied for environmental samples. The introduction of a spacer between diclofenac and the carrier protein in the coating conjugate led to higher sensitivity. With a test midpoint of 3 μg L-1 and a measurement range of 1-30 μg L-1, the system is not sensitive enough for direct analysis of surface water. However, this assay is quite robust against matrix influences and can be used for wastewater. Without adjustment of the calibration, organic solvents up to 5%, natural organic matter (NOM) up to 10 mg L-1, humic acids up to 2.5 mg L-1, and salt concentrations up to 6 g L-1 NaCl and 75 mg L-1 CaCl2 are tolerated. The antibody is also stable in a pH range from 3 to 12. Cross-reactivity (CR) of 1% or less was determined for the metabolites 4'-hydroxydiclofenac (4'-OH-DCF), 5-hydroxydiclofenac (5-OH-DCF), DCF lactam, and other NSAIDs. Relevant cross-reactivity occurred only with an amide derivative of DCF, 6-aminohexanoic acid (DCF-Ahx), aceclofenac (ACF) and DCF methyl ester (DCF-Me) with 150%, 61% and 44%, respectively. These substances, however, have not been found in samples. Only DCF-acyl glucuronide with a cross-reactivity of 57% is of some relevance. For the first time, photodegradation products were tested for cross-reactivity. With the ELISA based on this antibody, water samples were analysed. In sewage treatment plant effluents, concentrations in the range of 1.9-5.2 μg L-1 were determined directly, with recoveries compared to HPLC-MS/MS averaging 136%. Concentrations in lakes ranged from 3 to 4.4 ng L-1 and were, after pre-concentration, determined with an average recovery of 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schmidt
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
- Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Hoffmann
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif-Alexander Garbe
- Hochschule Neubrandenburg, Fachbereich Agrarwirtschaft und Lebensmittelwissenschaften, D-17033 Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Harrer
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Markus Steiner
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Himly
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
- Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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Nikhil J, Maneesha P, Chitra KC. Neurotoxic effects of carbamazepine on the mosquitofish Gambusia affinis. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38804213 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2356048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment has gained a significant attention. Carbamazepine, a commonly prescribed antiepileptic drug, has been consistently found in aquatic environments at concentrations ranging from nanograms to micrograms, raising concerns about its potential negative impacts on aquatic organisms. The study examined the acute and chronic neurotoxic effects of environmentally relevant and sublethal concentrations of carbamazepine in the mosquitofish Gambusia affinis. After a 96-hour exposure period, the median lethal concentration (LC50) of carbamazepine for G. affinis was determined as 24 mg L - 1. For the current study, sublethal concentrations i.e., one-tenth (2.4 mg L - 1) and one-fifth (4.8 mg L - 1) of the LC50 value were chosen for assessing the neurotoxic effects along with the environmentally relevant concentration (13 ng L - 1). The research findings indicated that carbamazepine had a disruptive impact on the typical growth and behavior of the fish. During the acute exposure phase, physical deformities were observed in the fish, resulting in neonatal and postneonatal fatalities. Furthermore, the neurotoxic effects of carbamazepine were clearly demonstrated through alterations in various neurological parameters, including acetylcholinesterase, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, monoamine oxidase, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, adrenaline, and nor-adrenaline. These findings raise concerns about the survival of fish populations in their natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Nikhil
- Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala
| | - Pootheri Maneesha
- Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala
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Tawfik NAI, El-Bakary ZA, Abd El-Wakeil KF. Determination of caffeine in treated wastewater discharged in the Nile River with emphasis on the effect of zinc and physicochemical factors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:28124-28138. [PMID: 38530524 PMCID: PMC11058622 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of caffeine residues in the Nile River according to drainage of treated wastewater at Assiut, Egypt, and the effects of physicochemical parameters and zinc on its concentration. Four different sites were selected to perform the study: S, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) canal (source site); J, a junction site between WWTP canal and the Nile; R, a reference site in the Nile before J site; and A, a site located after J site in the Nile. Water and sediment samples were collected in Summer 2022 and Winter 2023. Caffeine and Zn concentrations and physicochemical parameters were measured in the collected samples. The caffeine concentrations in water samples ranged from 5.73 to 53.85 μg L-1 at S in winter and summer, respectively, while those in sediment ranged from 0.14 mg kg-1 at R in winter to 1.54 mg kg-1 at S in summer. Caffeine and Zn concentrations were higher in summer samples. The Water Quality Index (WQI) of the collected samples recorded the lowest values in winter season at S and J sites. The study found that caffeine and zinc concentrations are positively correlated with water temperature and conductivity, while negatively correlated with pH. The association between caffeine and Zn highlights the environmental impact of heavy metals and pharmaceutical residues, and stresses the need for future research on these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran A I Tawfik
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Zienab A El-Bakary
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Lee S, Choi Y, Kang D, Jeon J. Proposal for priority emerging pollutants in the Nakdong river, Korea: Application of EU watch list mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122838. [PMID: 37918771 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The Nakdong River, the longest in Korea, has received numerous pollutants from heavily industrialized and densely populated areas while being used as a drinking water source. A number of research have reported occurrences of emerging pollutants (EPs) in the river. The results requested efficient monitoring and systematic management strategies such as EU watch list under Water Framework Directive. The aim of this study is to propose a watch list through preliminary monitoring of the river and risk-based prioritization approach. As candidates for monitoring target, 632 substances were selected based on literature and database searches. Among them, 175 substances were subjected to target screening method whereas 457 were evaluated via suspect screening. A risk-based prioritization was applied to substances quantified through target screening based on concentrations, and a scoring-based prioritization was applied to substances tentatively identified through suspect screening. Sampling campaigns (n = 12) were conducted from October 2020 to September 2021, at 8 sampling sites along the river. As a result, 130 target substances were quantified above the LOQ. Among the 21 substances whose priority score was assigned through risk-based prioritization, telmisartan and iprobenfos were identified with very high environmental risk while candesartan, TBEP, imidacloprid, azithromycin and clotrimazole were classified with high or intermediate risk. As result of the scoring system for 39 tentatively identified substances, 6 substances (benzophenone, caprolactam, metolachlor oxanilic acid, heptaethylene glycol, octaethylene glycol and pentaethylene glycol), which were then confirmed with reference standards, showed a potential environmental risk. Those substances prioritized through target and suspect screening followed by scoring systems can be a subset for the watch list and potential targets for nationwide water quality monitoring program in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, South Korea
| | - Younghun Choi
- Graduate School of FEED of Eco-Friendly Offshore Structure, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, South Korea; Water Environmental Safety Management Dept., Korea Water Resources Corporation (K-water), 200 Sintanjin-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, 34350, South Korea
| | - Daeho Kang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, South Korea
| | - Junho Jeon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, South Korea; School of Smart and Green Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, South Korea.
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Yan Z, Li Y, Lin A, Yang X, Lu Z, Zhang H, Tang J, Zhao J, Niu D, Zhang T, Zhao X, Li K. Development of a trace quantitative method to investigate caffeine distribution in the Yellow and Bohai Seas, China, and assessment of its potential neurotoxic effect on fish larvae. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115492. [PMID: 37690407 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine is an emerging contaminant in aquatic environments. The study utilized a validated method to investigate the presence and distribution of caffeine in the surface water of the Yellow and Bohai Seas, urban rivers, and the Yantai estuary area. The analytical method conforms to EPA guidelines and exhibits a limit of quantification that is 200 times lower than that of prior investigations. The study revealed that the highest concentration of 1436.4 ng/L was found in convergence of ocean currents in the Yellow and Bohai Seas. The presence of larger populations and the process of urban industrialization have been observed to result in elevated levels of caffeine in offshore regions, confirming that caffeine can serve as a potential indicator of anthropogenic contamination. Fish larvae exhibited hypoactivity in response to caffeine exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations. The study revealed that caffeine pollution can have adverse effects on marine and offshore ecosystems. This emphasizes the importance of decreasing neurotoxic pollution in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yan
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yaxi Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ainuo Lin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jianhui Tang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Donglei Niu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Ke Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
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Huang W, Huang Y, Tang B, Fu Y, Guo C, Zhang J. Electrochemical oxidation of carbamazepine in water using enhanced blue TiO 2 nanotube arrays anode on porous titanium substrate. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 322:138193. [PMID: 36812998 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a blue TiO2 nanotube arrays anode on porous titanium substrate (Ti-porous/blue TiO2 NTA) was successfully fabricated by facile anodization and in situ reduction, and was used to investigate the electrochemical oxidation of carbamazepine (CBZ) in aqueous solution. The surface morphology and crystalline phase of the fabricated anode were characterized by SEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy and XPS, and the electrochemical analysis confirmed that blue TiO2 NTA on Ti-porous substrate had larger electroactive surface area, better electrochemical performance and higher ⋅OH generation ability than that on Ti-plate substrate. The removal efficiency of 20 mg L-1 CBZ in 0.05 M Na2SO4 solution reached 99.75% at 8 mA cm-2 after 60 min electrochemical oxidation, and the rate constant was 0.101 min-1 with low energy consumption. EPR analysis and free radical sacrificing experiments showed that ⋅OH played a key role in the electrochemical oxidation. The possible oxidation pathways of CBZ were proposed through the identification of degradation products, and the main reactions may involve deamidization, oxidization, hydroxylation and ring-opening. Compared with Ti-plate/blue TiO2 NTA anode, Ti-porous/blue TiO2 NTA anode displayed excellent stability and reusability, and is promising to be used in the electrochemical oxidation of CBZ in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environment Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Bobin Tang
- Technical Centre, Chongqing Customs, Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center of Import and Export Food Safety, Chongqing, 400020, PR China
| | - Yuanhang Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Chunhui Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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Stratulat A, Sousa ÉM, Calisto V, Lima DL. Solid phase extraction using biomass-based sorbents for the quantification of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Carbamazepine Removal by Clay-Based Materials Using Adsorption and Photodegradation. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14132047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most common emerging contaminants released to the aquatic environment through domestic and pharmaceutical wastewater. Due to its high persistence through conventional degradation treatments, CBZ is considered a typical indicator for anthropogenic activities. This study tested the removal of CBZ through two different clay-based purification techniques: adsorption of relatively large concentrations (20–500 μmol L−1) and photocatalysis of lower concentrations (<20 μmol L−1). The sorption mechanism was examined by FTIR measurements, exchangeable cations released, and colloidal charge of the adsorbing clay materials. Photocatalysis was performed in batch experiments under various conditions. Despite the neutral charge of carbamazepine, the highest adsorption was observed on negatively charged montmorillonite-based clays. Desorption tests indicate that adsorbed CBZ is not released by washing. The adsorption/desorption processes were confirmed by ATR-FTIR analysis of the clay-CBZ particles. A combination of synthetic montmorillonite or hectorite with low H2O2 concentrations under UVC irradiation exhibits efficient homo-heterogeneous photodegradation at μM CBZ levels. The two techniques presented in this study suggest solutions for both industrial and municipal wastewater, possibly enabling water reuse.
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Hojjati-Najafabadi A, Mansoorianfar M, Liang T, Shahin K, Karimi-Maleh H. A review on magnetic sensors for monitoring of hazardous pollutants in water resources. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153844. [PMID: 35176366 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water resources have long been of interest to humans and have become a serious issue in all aspects of human life. The disposal of hazardous pollutants in water resources is one of the biggest global concerns and poses many risks to human health and aquatic life. Therefore, the control of hazardous pollutants in water resources plays an important role, when it comes to evaluating water quality. Due to low toxicity, good electrical conductivity, facile functionalization, and easy preparation, magnetic materials have become a good alternative in recent years to control hazardous pollutants in water resources. In the present study, the idea of using magnetic sensors in controlling and monitoring of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, heavy metals, and organic pollutants have been reviewed. The water pollutants in drinking water, groundwater, surface water, and seawater have been discussed. The toxicology of water hazardous pollutants has also been reviewed. Then, the magnetic materials were discussed as sensors for controlling and monitoring pollutants. Finally, future remarks and perspectives on magnetic nanosensors for controlling hazardous pollutants in water resources and environmental applications were explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Hojjati-Najafabadi
- College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 86, Hongqi Ave., Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China; Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
| | - Mojtaba Mansoorianfar
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tongxiang Liang
- College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 86, Hongqi Ave., Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Khashayar Shahin
- Center for Microbes, Development, and Health (CMDH), Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, 2028 Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Almeida Â, Calisto V, Esteves VI, Schneider RJ, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Responses of Ruditapes philippinarum to contamination by pharmaceutical drugs under ocean acidification scenario. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153591. [PMID: 35122849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In coastal systems, organisms are exposed to a multitude of stressors whose interactions and effects are poorly studied. Pharmaceutical drugs and Climate Change consequences, such as lowered pH, are examples of stressors affecting marine organisms, as bivalves. Although a vast literature is available for the effects of these stressors when acting individually, very limited information exists on the impacts that the combination of both can have on marine bivalves. For this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the impacts of a simulated ocean acidification scenario (control pH, 8.0; lowered pH, pH 7.6) on the effects of the antiepileptic carbamazepine (CBZ, 1 μg/L) and the antihistamine cetirizine (CTZ, 0.6 μg/L), when acting individually and combined (CBZ + CTZ), on the edible clam Ruditapes philippinarum. After 28 days of exposure, drug concentrations, bioconcentration factors and biochemical parameters related to the clams' metabolic capacity and oxidative stress were evaluated. The results showed that R. philippinarum clams responded differently to pharmaceutical drugs depending on the pH tested, influencing both bioconcentration and biological responses. In general, drug combined treatments showed fewer impacts than drugs acting alone, and acidification seemed to activate at a higher extension the elimination processes that were not activated under control pH. Also, lowered pH per se exerted negative impacts (e.g., cellular damage) on R. philippinarum and the combination with pharmaceutical drugs did not enhance the toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Almeida
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter -Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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12
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Liu A, Lin W, Ping S, Guan W, Hu N, Zheng S, Ren Y. Analysis of degradation and pathways of three common antihistamine drugs by NaClO, UV, and UV-NaClO methods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43984-44002. [PMID: 35122640 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18760-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antihistamines (ANTs) are medicines to treat allergic diseases. They have been frequently detected in the natural water environment, posing potential threats to the ecological environment and human health. In this study, the degradation of three common antihistamines, loratadine, fexofenadine, and cetirizine, was estimated under different oxidation methods (NaClO, UV, and UV-NaClO). The results showed that UV-NaClO had the highest degree of degradation on the drugs under most conditions: 100% degradation for fexofenadine within 20 s at pH 7 and 10. Under UV irradiation, the degradation efficiencies of the three drugs during 150 s were all above 77% at a pH of 7. The drugs' removal by NaClO was much lower than that of the previous two methods. In addition, this study explored the contribution rates of active oxygen species in the photolysis process. Among them, the contribution of 1O2 to the fexofenadine and cetirizine removal rate reached 70%. Different aqueous matrices (HCO3-, NO3-, and humic acid) had varying degrees of influence on the degradation. Acute toxicity tests and ultraviolet scans of the degradation products showed that the drugs were not completely mineralized, and the toxicities of the intermediates were even higher than those of the parent drugs. There were 9, 8, and 10 chloride oxidation products of loratadine, fexofenadine, and cetirizine, respectively, and 8 photolysis products of cetirizine were identified. For cetirizine, it was found that there were three identical intermediates produced by photodegradation and NaClO oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchen Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Senwen Ping
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Guan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningyi Hu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Sichun Zheng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Su H, Dou X, Xu D, Feng L, Liu Y, Du Z, Zhang L. Fe 0-loaded superfine powdered activated carbon prepared by ball milling for synergistic adsorption and persulfate activation to remove aqueous carbamazepine. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133665. [PMID: 35051510 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The massive use of personal medicines makes them widely enter the aquatic environments and cause pollution, drawing a great deal of attention over the last few years. In this study, a novel nano Fe0-loaded superfine powdered activated carbon (Fe0@SPAC) was prepared via a simple ball milling method. Fe0@SPAC showed a rapid and effective removal for aqueous carbamazepine (CBZ) via the process of synergistic adsorption and persulfate (PDS) activation. The removal efficiency of CBZ (30 mg L-1) could be up to 96% by Fe0@SPAC (0.05 g L-1) with the presence of PDS (2 mM), and the maximum pseudo-first-order rate constant was 0.12 min-1. The performance of Fe0@SPAC was superior to other reported iron-bearing activator materials, and its dosage was much lower. Fe0@SPAC was also effective to remove other typical drug pollutants and had excellent reusability in five cycles. The loaded Fe0 could activate PDS to generate OH and SO4-, which played the major role for CBZ removal. It is interesting that carbon base of Fe0@SPAC could also activate PDS via surface defects, making the minor contribution to CBZ degradation. Besides, Fe0@SPAC showed rapid and high adsorption for CBZ due to the superfine particle diameter, partially contributing to CBZ removal. Finally, the possible break sites of CBZ and its degradation pathway were proposed based on DFT theoretical calculation and product identification. Fe0@SPAC would be a promising material for the removal of drug pollutants, and this study may help understand the mechanisms of synergistic adsorption and persulfate activation by carbon composite material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xudan Dou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yongze Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ziwen Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China.
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14
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Almeida Â, Calisto V, Esteves VI, Schneider RJ, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Salinity-dependent impacts on the effects of antiepileptic and antihistaminic drugs in Ruditapes philippinarum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150369. [PMID: 34571231 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In coastal systems, pollutants as pharmaceutical drugs exert changes from the molecular to the organism level in marine bivalves. Besides pollutants, coastal systems are prone to changes in environmental parameters, as the alteration of salinity values because of Climate Change. Together, these stressors (pharmaceutical drugs and salinity changes) can exert different threats than each stressor acting individually; for example, salinity can change the physical-chemical properties of the drugs and/or the sensitivity of the organisms to them. However, limited information is available on this subject, with variable results, and for this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the impacts of salinity changes (15, 25 and 35) on the effects of the antiepileptic carbamazepine (CBZ, 1 μg/L) and the antihistamine cetirizine (CTZ, 0.6 μg/L), when acting individually and combined (CBZ + CTZ), in the edible clam Ruditapes philippinarum. After 28 days of exposure, drugs concentrations, bioconcentration factors and biochemical parameters, related to clam's metabolic capacity and oxidative stress were evaluated. The results showed that clams under low salinity suffered more changes in metabolic, antioxidant and biotransformation activities, in comparison with the remaining salinities under study. However, limited impacts were observed when comparing drug effects at low salinity. Indeed, it seemed that CTZ and CBZ + CTZ, under high salinity (salinity 35) were the worst exposure conditions for the clams, since they caused higher levels of cellular damage. It stands out that salinity changes altered the impact of pharmaceutical drugs on marine bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Almeida
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter -Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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15
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Schmitz M, Deutschmann B, Markert N, Backhaus T, Brack W, Brauns M, Brinkmann M, Seiler TB, Fink P, Tang S, Beitel S, Doering JA, Hecker M, Shao Y, Schulze T, Weitere M, Wild R, Velki M, Hollert H. Demonstration of an aggregated biomarker response approach to assess the impact of point and diffuse contaminant sources in feral fish in a small river case study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:150020. [PMID: 34508932 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of the exposure of aquatic wildlife to complex environmental mixtures of chemicals originating from both point and diffuse sources and evaluating the potential impact thereof constitutes a significant step towards mitigating toxic pressure and the improvement of ecological status. In the current proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the potential of a novel Aggregated Biomarker Response (ABR) approach involving a comprehensive set of biomarkers to identify complex exposure and impacts on wild brown trout (Salmo trutta fario). Our scenario used a small lowland river in Germany (Holtemme river in the Elbe river catchment) impacted by two wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and diffuse agricultural runoff as a case study. The trout were collected along a pollution gradient (characterised in a parallel study) in the river. Compared to fish from the reference site upstream of the first WWTP, the trout collected downstream of the WWTPs showed a significant increase in micronucleus formation, phase I and II enzyme activities, and oxidative stress parameters in agreement with increasing exposure to various chemicals. By integrating single biomarker responses into an aggregated biomarker response, the two WWTPs' contribution to the observed toxicity could be clearly differentiated. The ABR results were supported by chemical analyses and whole transcriptome data, which revealed alterations of steroid biosynthesis and associated pathways, including an anti-androgenic effect, as some of the key drivers of the observed toxicity. Overall, this combined approach of in situ biomarker responses complemented with molecular pathway analysis allowed for a comprehensive ecotoxicological assessment of fish along the river. This study provides evidence for specific hazard potentials caused by mixtures of agricultural and WWTP derived chemicals at sublethal concentrations. Using aggregated biomarker responses combined with chemical analyses enabled an evidence-based ranking of sites with different degrees of pollution according to toxic stress and observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schmitz
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Björn Deutschmann
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nele Markert
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Backhaus
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Werner Brack
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Brauns
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Thomas-Benjamin Seiler
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany; Ruhr District Institute of Hygiene, Rotthauser Str. 21, 45879 Gelsenkirchen, Germany
| | - Patrick Fink
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany; Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis and Management, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 D Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Song Tang
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Shawn Beitel
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Jon A Doering
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ying Shao
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Road Shapingba, 400045 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tobias Schulze
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Weitere
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Romy Wild
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mirna Velki
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany; Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Ul. Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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16
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Liu L, Aljathelah NM, Hassan H, Giraldes BW, Leitão A, Bayen S. Targeted and suspect screening of contaminants in coastal water and sediment samples in Qatar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145043. [PMID: 33609843 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) combined with separation techniques has allowed comprehensive analysis of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) as well as their metabolites and transformation products in various environmental samples via retrospective screening. However, to date, only a few suspect or non-targeted studies on the occurrence of CECs in marine aquatic system are reported. In this study, two methods, based on direct injection for seawater, or ultrasound-assisted extraction for sediments, followed by LC-Q-TOF-MS analysis were developed and applied for the simultaneous targeted and screening of contaminants in coastal samples (seawater, particulates and sediment) from Qatar collected in 2017-2018. Among the twenty-one target analytes (pesticides, PPCPs and a plasticizer), two compounds only were detected in seawater. Caffeine was detected in seawater samples at all sampling sites, and cotinine was detected in seawater samples collected in Umm Bab in 2018 and seawaters receiving stormwater. Traces of trimethoprim and carbamazepine were detected in sediment samples collected at four sites in 2017. These results suggest some inputs of domestic wastewater in the coastal waters in Qatar. In total, twelve molecular features were tentatively identified from suspect screening at concentration levels significantly higher than that in procedure blanks. The presence of four plasticizers and one pesticide were further confirmed using reference standards: diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and tributyl phosphate (TBP) in seawater samples; bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in sediment and particulate samples; and dinoterb in seawater after storm event and particulate samples. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of high resolution LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS for combined targeted and non-targeted analyses of trace contaminants in marine systems over a broad range of log P values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada
| | | | - Hassan Hassan
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Qatar
| | | | | | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada.
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17
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Bachmann SAL, Calvete T, Féris LA. Caffeine removal from aqueous media by adsorption: An overview of adsorbents evolution and the kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144229. [PMID: 33445003 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine is an emerging pollutant and is considered the most representative pollutant of the Pharmaceutical Active due to its high consumption by the general population. It can be used to track pollution caused by humans. Different technologies have been employed to remove the caffeine from aqueous media, however the adsorption has been preferred due to its simplicity, high removal efficiency, operational and implementation facility and low cost. This paper provides a systematic review of the published peer-reviewed literature concerned with caffeine removal by the adsorption process. The Scopus and ScienceDirect databases were used to identify relevant articles researches on caffeine removal. Many authors have studied caffeine's adsorption equilibrium in aqueous media, different conditions, and different adsorbents. This paper aims to uncover the overall trend of adsorbent used, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. The impact of pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage and competitive effect were presented and analyzed. It was observed that the adsorption capacities ranged between 10 and 1000 mg g-1, according to the nature and properties of the adsorbent. The pseudo-second order (kinetic model) and the Langmuir isotherm model showed the best adjustment of the experimental data from caffeine adsorption in most studies. The mechanistic understanding of adsorption and the development of new adsorbents are still a matter of future research, as well as the use of other kinetic models based on statistical factors and the thermodynamic studies should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyanne Angie Lunelli Bachmann
- University of Rio Grande do Sul, School of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2777, Porto Alegre, RS, Postcode 90035-007, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana Calvete
- University of Rio Grande do Sul, School of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2777, Porto Alegre, RS, Postcode 90035-007, Brazil
| | - Liliana Amaral Féris
- University of Rio Grande do Sul, School of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2777, Porto Alegre, RS, Postcode 90035-007, Brazil
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18
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Martini GDA, Montagner CC, Viveiros W, Quinaglia GA, França DD, Munin NCG, Lopes-Ferreira M, Rogero SO, Rogero JR. Emerging contaminant occurrence and toxic effects on zebrafish embryos to assess the adverse effects caused by mixtures of substances in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20313-20329. [PMID: 33405144 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11963-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) have been receiving global attention due to their worldwide presence in water bodies. The CECs could be originated from synthetic or natural sources, and they are not commonly monitored, although these substances are continuously reaching the aquatic environment. The main goal of this study was to determine the occurrence of some target CECs in São Paulo state surface water, once there is practically no information on the presence and concentration range of these substances at the studied sites. In addition, the present study aimed to assess adverse effects in the non-target fish embryo of Danio rerio (zebrafish) after exposure to surface water organic extract samples during 96 h using FET test. The CECs in surface water samples were determined by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography coupled by mass spectrometry. A 2-year study was assessed in 7 rivers and 3 reservoirs at São Paulo state, where 25 of the 30 analyzed substances were quantified, being caffeine the substance with the highest concentration range (5.5 ng L-1 to 69 μg L-1) and detected in 95% of analyzed samples, followed by bisphenol A (6.5-1300 ng L-1) and carbendazim (4.7-285 ng L-1), found in 50% and 85% of the analyzed samples, respectively. The chemical analysis and biological test were not performed in order to show a direct relationship between concentrations and observed effects on embryos; however, the combined approach can provide a better understanding of the adverse effects caused by mixtures of substances at relevant environmental concentrations. Regarding the adverse effects, it was observed that in the samples from sites with higher anthropogenic activity in the surroundings, there was also a higher mortality rate in organisms. At the Ribeirão Pires River and Sapucaí-Guaçu River, the mortality rate during the 2-year study was 21.6% and 9.3%, respectively. The morphological abnormality rates were higher at Ribeirão Grande (21.4%) and Ribeirão Pires (29.5%) Rivers. The obtained results aim to show that even in low concentrations (ng-μg L-1) the CECs can cause adverse effects on non-target species, and because of that, new chemical indicators would be important to monitor the water quality and protect the aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela de Assis Martini
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Nívea Cristina Guedes Munin
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Sizue Ota Rogero
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Rogero
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Yan S, Chen R, Wang M, Zha J. Carbamazepine at environmentally relevant concentrations caused DNA damage and apoptosis in the liver of Chinese rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) by the Ras/Raf/ERK/p53 signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116245. [PMID: 33359871 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
To assess genetoxicity and the underlying mechanisms of carbamazepine (CBZ) toxicity in fish, adult Chinese rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) were exposed to 1, 10, and 100 μg/L CBZ for 28 d. Comet assays indicated that hepatic DNA damage was significantly increased in groups of minnows exposed to CBZ at all concentrations in a dose-dependent manner compared to those of the control groups (p < 0.05). Liver levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were significantly increased at 10 and 100 μg/L CBZ (p < 0.05). TUNEL assays indicated that the average apoptotic rates of the livers of female and male minnows were significantly increased following exposure to CBZ at all concentrations for 28 d (p < 0.05). Significant increases in caspase 3 and 9 activities after CBZ exposure at all concentrations and caspase 8 at 10 and 100 μg/L CBZ exposure reflected the presence of mitochondrial apoptosis (p < 0.05). The mRNA levels of gadd45a, mdm2, casp3 and casp9 in female and male minnows exposed to CBZ at all concentrations were significantly increased compared with those in the control groups (p < 0.05). Significant increases in the levels of p21 in female minnows exposed to 1 and 100 μg/L CBZ, p53 in female minnows at all CBZ treatments and bcl2 in male minnows exposed to 1 and 100 μg/L CBZ were observed, indicating p53 pathway activation. The inhibition of ras levels in females and males exposed to CBZ at all concentrations and increased levels of raf1 in males exposed to CBZ at all concentrations indicated Ras/Raf1/MAPK (ERK) activation. Therefore, the present study demonstrates that CBZ at environmentally relevant levels induces DNA damage and apoptosis in Chinese rare minnows by the Ras/Raf/ERK/p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saihong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Miao Wang
- China Machinery International Engineering Design and Research Institute, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Jinmiao Zha
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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20
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Presence and Reduction of Anthropogenic Substances with UV Light and Oxidizing Disinfectants in Wastewater—A Case Study at Kuopio, Finland. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic substances are a major concern due to their potential harmful effects towards aquatic ecosystems. Because wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not designed to remove these substances from wastewater, a part of the anthropogenic substances enter nature via WWTP discharges. During the spring 2019, the occurrence of anthropogenic substances in the municipal wastewater effluent in Kuopio, Finland, was analysed. Furthermore, the capacity of selected disinfection methods to reduce these substances from wastewater was tested. The disinfection methods were ozonation (760 mL min−1) with an OxTube hermetic dissolution method (1), the combined usage of peracetic acid (PAA) (<5 mg L−1) and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection (12 mJ/cm2) (2), and the combined usage of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (<10 mg L−1) and UV disinfection (12 mJ/cm2) (3). The substances found at the concentrations over 1 µg L−1 in effluent (N = 3) were cetirizine (5.2 ± 1.3 µg L−1), benzotriazole (BZT) (2.1 ± 0.98 µg L−1), hydrochlorothiazide (1.7 ± 0.2 µg L−1), furosemide (1.6 ± 0.2 µg L−1), lamotrigine (1.5 ± 0.06 µg L−1), diclofenac (DCF) (1.4 ± 0.2 µg L−1), venlafaxine (1.0 ± 0.13 µg L−1) and losartan (0.9 ± 0.2 µg L−1). The reduction (%) with different methods (1, 2, 3) were: cetirizine (99.9, 5.0, NR = no removal), benzotriazole (67.9, NR, NR), hydrochlorothiazide (91.1, 5.9, NR), furosemide (99.7, 5.9, NR), lamotrigine (46.4, NR, 6.7), diclofenac (99.7, 7.1, 16.7), venlafaxine (91.3, NR, 1.1), losartan (99.6, 13.8, NR). Further research concerning the tested disinfection methods is needed in order to fully elucidate their potential for removing anthropogenic substances from purified wastewater.
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Almeida Â, Calisto V, Esteves VI, Schneider RJ, Figueira E, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Can ocean warming alter sub-lethal effects of antiepileptic and antihistaminic pharmaceuticals in marine bivalves? AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 230:105673. [PMID: 33221665 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The negative effects induced in marine organisms by Climate Change related abiotic factors consequences, namely ocean warming, are well-known. However, few works studied the combined impacts of ocean warming and contaminants, as pharmaceutical drugs. Carbamazepine (CBZ) and cetirizine (CTZ) occur in the marine environment, showing negative effects in marine organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of ocean warming on the effects of CBZ and CTZ, when acting individually and combined (drug vs drug), in the edible clam Ruditapes philippinarum. For that, drugs concentration, bioconcentration factors and biochemical parameters, related with clam's metabolic capacity and oxidative stress, were evaluated after 28 days exposure to environmentally relevant scenarios of these stressors. The results showed limited impacts of the drugs (single and combined) at control and warming condition. Indeed, it appeared that warming improved the oxidative status of contaminated clams (higher reduced to oxidized glutathione ratio, lower lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation levels), especially when both drugs were combined. This may result from clam's defence mechanisms activation and reduced metabolic capacity that, respectively, increased elimination and limited production of reactive oxygen species. At low stress levels, defence mechanisms were not activated which resulted into oxidative stress. The present findings highlighted that under higher stress levels clams may be able to activate defence strategies that were sufficient to avoid cellular damages and loss of redox homeostasis. Nevertheless, low concentrations were tested in the present study and the observed responses may greatly change under increased pollution levels or temperatures. Further research on this topic is needed since marine heat waves are increasing in frequency and intensity and pollution levels of some pharmaceuticals are also increasing in coastal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Almeida
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter -Str. 11, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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22
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Cacua-Ortiz SM, Aguirre NJ, Peñuela GA. Methyl Paraben and Carbamazepine in Water and Striped Catfish (Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum) in the Cauca and Magdalena Rivers. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:819-826. [PMID: 33084912 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-03028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Between 2017 and 2019, samplings were carried out in the San Jorge, Cauca and Magdalena River basins in Colombia, to determine the presence of methyl paraben and carbamazepine in water and Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum. For the analysis of the samples, a validation of the analytical method was performed, following the EPA method 1694 (Pharmaceutical and personal care products in water), with slight modifications. This was done by liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, for quantification of methyl paraben and carbamazepine, including parameters of linearity, accuracy precision and veracity. Carbamazepine was found in the Magdalena River at 8.03 ± 0.01 µg/L in transition season. In fish samples, methyl paraben and carbamazepine were detected in a range between 32 and 90.80 µg/kg in transition and dry seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia M Cacua-Ortiz
- GDCON Group, Environmental School, Faculty of Engineering, University Research Headquarters (SIU), University of Antioquia, calle 70 No 52 - 21, 050010, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Néstor J Aguirre
- Grupo GeoLimna, Environmental School, Faculty of Engineering, University of Antioquia, 050010, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gustavo A Peñuela
- GDCON Group, Environmental School, Faculty of Engineering, University Research Headquarters (SIU), University of Antioquia, calle 70 No 52 - 21, 050010, Medellín, Colombia
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23
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He X, O'Shea KE. Rapid transformation of H 1-antihistamines cetirizine (CET) and diphenhydramine (DPH) by direct peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:123219. [PMID: 32768849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With growing interest in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), the number of research studies on peroxymonosulfate (PMS) mediated pollutant degradation has increased significantly due to its high radical generation potential upon activation. However, rare studies have focused on the non-radical based PMS reactions. In this study, degradation of model H1-antihistamines cetirizine (CET) and diphenhydramine (DPH) by unactivated PMS was investigated. Addition of scavengers to the reaction mixture ruled out the involvement of hydroxyl radical (OH), sulfate radical (SO4-), singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide anion radical (O2-), indicating direct PMS oxidation as the predominant reaction path. Such a mechanism was further supported by the N-oxide products identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. Solution pH had a pronounced influence on the degradation kinetics regardless the presence or absence of transition metal Fe(II). The highest species dependent second order rate constants were kHSO5-/DPH0 of 175 ± 15.9 M-1 s-1 and kHSO5-/CET- of 36.6 ± 0.16 M-1 s-1. The addition of 100 μM Fe(II) promoted OH mediated degradation of H1-antihistamines and their N-oxide products. This study demonstrated selective transformation with the potential for extensive degradation employing both the direct and catalytic PMS oxidative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexiang He
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States.
| | - Kevin E O'Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States.
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24
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Jia D, Li X, Du S, Xu N, Zhang W, Yang R, Zhang Y, He Y, Zhang Y. Single and combined effects of carbamazepine and copper on nervous and antioxidant systems of zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:1091-1099. [PMID: 32485069 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Various pollutants co-exist in the aquatic environment such as carbamazepine (CBZ) and copper (Cu), which can cause complex effects on inhabiting organisms. The toxic impacts of the single substance have been studied extensively. However, the studies about their combined adverse impacts are not enough. In the present study, zebrafish were exposed to environmental relevant concentrations of CBZ (1, 10, and 100 μg/L), Cu (0.5, 5, and 10 μg/L) and the mixtures (1 μg/L CBZ + 0.5 μg/L Cu, 10 μg/L CBZ + 5 μg/L Cu, 100 μg/L CBZ + 10 μg/L Cu) for 45 days, the effects on nervous and antioxidant systems of zebrafish were investigated. The results demonstrated that, in comparison with single exposure group, the combined presence of CBZ and Cu exacerbated the effect of antioxidant system (the ability of inhibition of hydroxyl radicals (IHR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)) but not nervous system (Acetylcholinesterase [AChE]). The qPCR results supported the changes of corresponding enzymes activities. Hepatic histopathological analysis verified the results of biomarkers. Our work illustrated that the toxicity of mixed pollutants is very complicated, which cannot simply be inferred from the toxicity of single pollutant, and calls for more co-exposure experiments to better understanding of the co-effects of pollutants on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiuwen Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Sen Du
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ning Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ruyi Yang
- Math Department, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Colarado, USA
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yide He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
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25
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Sousa AFC, Gil MV, Calisto V. Upcycling spent brewery grains through the production of carbon adsorbents-application to the removal of carbamazepine from water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:36463-36475. [PMID: 32556991 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09543-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Spent brewery grains, a by-product of the brewing process, were used as precursor of biochars and activated carbons to be applied to the removal of pharmaceuticals from water. Biochars were obtained by pyrolysis of the raw materials, while activated carbons were produced by adding a previous chemical activation step. The influence of using different precursors (from distinct fermentation processes), activating agents (potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and phosphoric acid), pyrolysis temperatures, and residence times was assessed. The adsorbents were physicochemically characterized and applied to the removal of the antiepileptic carbamazepine from water. Potassium hydroxide activation produced the materials with the most promising properties and adsorptive removals, with specific surface areas up to 1120 m2 g-1 and maximum adsorption capacities up to 190 ± 27 mg g-1 in ultrapure water. The adsorption capacity suffered a reduction of < 70% in wastewater, allowing to evaluate the impact of realistic matrices on the efficiency of the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia F C Sousa
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - María Victoria Gil
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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26
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García-Medina S, Galar-Martínez M, Gómez-Oliván LM, Torres-Bezaury RMDC, Islas-Flores H, Gasca-Pérez E. The relationship between cyto-genotoxic damage and oxidative stress produced by emerging pollutants on a bioindicator organism (Allium cepa): The carbamazepine case. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126675. [PMID: 32278918 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most frequently detected anticonvulsant drugs in water bodies. Although there are reports of its ecotoxicological effects in the scientific literature, toxicity studies have not focused on establishing the mechanism by which CBZ produces its effect at environmentally relevant concentrations. The objective of this work was to evaluate cyto-genotoxicity and its relationship with oxidative stress produced by carbamazepine in the Allium cepa model. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, as well as the biomarkers of oxidative stress were analyzed in the roots of A. cepa, exposed to 1 and 31.36 μg L-1 after 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. The results show that genotoxic capacity of this drug in the roots of A. cepa is related to the generation of oxidative stress, in particular with production of hydroperoxides and oxidized proteins. Also, the cytotoxic effect has a high correlation with DNA damage. The results of the present study clearly indicate that bioassays with sensitive plants such as A. cepa are useful and complementary tools to evaluate the environmental impact of emerging contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra García-Medina
- Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, AV. Wilfrido Massieu S/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México, CP, 07700, Mexico.
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, AV. Wilfrido Massieu S/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México, CP, 07700, Mexico.
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan S/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Rosalía María Del Consuelo Torres-Bezaury
- Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, AV. Wilfrido Massieu S/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México, CP, 07700, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan S/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Eloy Gasca-Pérez
- Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, AV. Wilfrido Massieu S/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México, CP, 07700, Mexico; Cátedra CONACYT, Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, AV. Wilfrido Massieu S/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo., Ciudad de México, CP, 07700, Mexico
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27
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Silva CPC, Carvalho T, Schneider RJ, Esteves VI, Lima DLD. ELISA as an effective tool to determine spatial and seasonal occurrence of emerging contaminants in the aquatic environment. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:2517-2526. [PMID: 32930242 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00426j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During the last two decades, studies related to the occurrence and fate of emerging contaminants in the aquatic environment have received great attention from the international scientific community. The monitoring of the presence of these compounds is particularly important since they are known to induce adverse effects in aquatic environments, even at extremely low concentrations. This work aimed to apply a simple and effective methodology, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in the monitoring of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and 17β-estradiol (E2) (a synthetic and a natural hormone, respectively), carbamazepine (CBZ, an antiepileptic), cetirizine (CET, an antihistamine) and caffeine (CAF, a stimulant) in water matrices with differing salinity and organic matter contents. ELISA was proven to be a valid and practical tool, especially for screening purposes in contrast to traditional chromatographic techniques which are prohibitively expensive for an application on a broader base. The main originality of this work was to establish seasonal and spatial effects on the occurrence of the referred contaminants by using the effectiveness of ELISA to screen those compounds in samples with different characteristics. This work reports both the seasonal and spatial quantification of the referred contaminants in the aquatic environment of the central region of Portugal, with concentrations ranging as follows: 5-87 ng L-1, for E2, 2-17 ng L-1, for EE2, 10-1290 ng L-1, for CBZ, 10-190 ng L-1, for CET, and 62-6400 ng L-1, for CAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Patrà Cia Silva
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tânia Carvalho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Diana L D Lima
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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28
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Choi Y, Kim K, Kim D, Moon HB, Jeon J. Ny-Ålesund-oriented organic pollutants in sewage effluent and receiving seawater in the Arctic region of Kongsfjorden. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113792. [PMID: 31877466 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ny-Ålesund, one of four permanent settlements on Spitsbergen in Svalbard, is a research town that includes scientific institutes from many countries. Because of daily-used chemicals (e.g., pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs)) used by residents in the area, generated sewage is considered as a point source in the Kongsfjorden. The aim of the present study was to identify and quantify organic pollutants in the effluent and along the shoreline and offshore via target, suspect, and non-target screening using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. We tentatively identified 30 compounds using the suspect and non-target screening methods in effluent samples from our first visit to the settlement in 2016. Among these, 3 were false positive, 24 were confirmed, and the 3 remaining compounds were not confirmed because of a lack of reference standards. Of the confirmed, 21 were quantifiable and considered target compounds for the 2nd year study. The quantified compounds in the effluent samples in 2017 totaled 17, including PPCPs, pesticides, perfluorinated compounds, and their metabolites. Some of the compounds, such as caffeine, paraxanthine/theophylline, acetaminophen, cetirizine, diethyl toluamide (DEET), and icaridin, were also detected in the receiving seawater. The concentration range was from 4 to 280,000 ng/L in the effluent and 2-98 ng/L in the seawater. Other 24 compounds were tentatively identified in the second-year effluent samples. Five were further confirmed using reference standards. Prioritization was performed on the 47 substances screened in Ny-Ålesund using the exposure and toxicity index. As the result, the top seven substances of concern present were perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), irbesartan, DEET, acetaminophen, caffeine, and paraxanthine/theophylline. As the effluent was identified as a source of the concerned organic pollutants, an emission reduction strategy should take place for protection of Arctic Fjorden environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghun Choi
- Graduate School of FEED of Eco-Friendly Offshore Structure, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, South Korea
| | - Kitae Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Deokwon Kim
- Graduate School of FEED of Eco-Friendly Offshore Structure, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jeon
- Graduate School of FEED of Eco-Friendly Offshore Structure, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, South Korea; School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo, 51140, South Korea.
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29
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Jaria G, Calisto V, Otero M, Esteves VI. Monitoring pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-a practical overview. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3983-4008. [PMID: 32088755 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals, which are considered as contaminants of emerging concern, in natural waters is currently recognized as a widespread problem. Monitoring these contaminants in the environment has been an important field of research since their presence can affect the ecosystems even at very low levels. Several analytical techniques have been developed to detect and quantify trace concentrations of these contaminants in the aquatic environment, namely high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis, usually coupled to different types of detectors, which need to be complemented with time-consuming and costly sample cleaning and pre-concentration procedures. Generally, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as other immunoassay methodologies, is mostly used in biological samples (most frequently urine and blood). However, during the last years, the number of studies referring the use of ELISA for the analysis of pharmaceuticals in complex environmental samples has been growing. Therefore, this work aims to present an overview of the application of ELISA for screening and quantification of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment, namely in water samples and biological tissues. The experimental procedures together with the main advantages and limitations of the assay are addressed, as well as new incomes related with the application of molecular imprinted polymers to mimic antibodies in similar, but alternative, approaches. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilaine Jaria
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Marta Otero
- Department of Environment and Planning and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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30
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Paul M, Weller MG. Antibody Screening by Microarray Technology-Direct Identification of Selective High-Affinity Clones. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:E1. [PMID: 31906477 PMCID: PMC7175374 DOI: 10.3390/antib9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary screening of hybridoma cells is a time-critical and laborious step during the development of monoclonal antibodies. Often, critical errors occur in this phase, which supports the notion that the generation of monoclonal antibodies with hybridoma technology is difficult to control and hence, a risky venture. We think that it is crucial to improve the screening process to eliminate most of the critical deficits of the conventional approach. With this new microarray-based procedure, several advances could be achieved: Selectivity for excellent binders, high-throughput, reproducible signals, avoidance of misleading avidity (multivalency) effects, and performance of simultaneous competition experiments. The latter can also be used to select clones of desired cross-reactivity properties. In this paper, a model system with two excellent clones against carbamazepine, two weak clones, and blank supernatant containing fetal bovine serum was designed to examine the effectiveness of the new system. The excellent clones could be detected largely independent of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration, which is usually unknown during the clone screening since the determination and subsequent adjustment of the antibody concentration are not feasible in most cases. Furthermore, in this approach, the enrichment, isolation, and purification of IgG for characterization is not necessary. Raw cell culture supernatant can be used directly, even when fetal calf serum (FCS) or other complex media is used. In addition, an improved method for the oriented antibody-immobilization on epoxy-silanized slides is presented. Based on the results of this model system with simulated hybridoma supernatants, we conclude that this approach should be preferable to most other protocols leading to many false positives, causing expensive and lengthy elimination steps to weed out the poor clones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael G. Weller
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Division 1.5 Protein Analysis, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany;
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31
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Franzellitti S, Balbi T, Montagna M, Fabbri R, Valbonesi P, Fabbri E, Canesi L. Phenotypical and molecular changes induced by carbamazepine and propranolol on larval stages of Mytilus galloprovincialis. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 234:962-970. [PMID: 31519105 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The possible impact of carbamazepine (CBZ) and propranolol (PROP), two widespread pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment, were investigated on morphology and gene transcription of early larvae of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Pharmaceuticals were first tested in a wide concentration range (from 0.01 to 1000 μg/L) through the 48-hpf embryotoxicity assay. The results showed that both compounds significantly affected embryo development from environmental concentrations. Although similar EC50 were obtained, (≅ 1 μg/L) CBZ induced a progressive increase in embryo malformations, whereas PROP apparently showed greater impacts in terms of arrested development and embryo mortality at higher concentrations (>10 μg/L). Transcriptional analyses of 17 genes involved in different physiological functions in mussels and/or in their response to environmental contaminants, were performed at 24 and 48 h pf at two selected concentrations of CBZ and PROP (0.01 and 1 μg/L). Both compounds induced down-regulation of shell-specific and neuroendocrine related transcripts, while distinct effects were observed on antioxidant, lysosomal, and immune-related transcripts, also depending on the larval stage investigated. The results demonstrate that CBZ and PROP can affect development and gene transcription in mussel early larvae at environmental concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Franzellitti
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGEA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Teresa Balbi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Montagna
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Rita Fabbri
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Valbonesi
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGEA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Elena Fabbri
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGEA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Laura Canesi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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Ramos II, Carl P, Schneider RJ, Segundo MA. Automated lab-on-valve sequential injection ELISA for determination of carbamazepine. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1076:91-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Assress HA, Nyoni H, Mamba BB, Msagati TAM. Target quantification of azole antifungals and retrospective screening of other emerging pollutants in wastewater effluent using UHPLC -QTOF-MS. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:655-666. [PMID: 31330357 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The information acquired by high resolution quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) allows target analysis as well as retrospective screening for the presence of suspect or unknown emerging pollutants which were not included in the target analysis. Targeted quantification of eight azole antifungal drugs in wastewater effluent as well as new and relatively simple retrospective suspect and non-target screening strategy for emerging pollutants using UHPLC-QTOF-MS is described in this work. More than 300 (parent compounds and transformation products) and 150 accurate masses were included in the retrospective suspect and non-target screening, respectively. Tentative identification of suspects and unknowns was based on accurate masses, peak intensity, blank subtraction, isotopic pattern (mSigma value), compound annotation using data bases such as KEGG and CHEBI, and fragmentation pattern interpretation. In the targeted analysis, clotrimazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and posaconazole were detected in the effluent wastewater sample, fluconazole being with highest average concentration (302.38 ng L-1). The retrospective screening resulted in the detection of 27 compounds that had not been included in the target analysis. The suspect compounds tentatively identified included atazanavir, citalopram, climbazole, bezafibrate estradiol, desmethylvenlafaxine, losartan carboxylic acid and cetirizine, of which citalopram, estradiol and cetirizine were confirmed using a standard. Carbamazepine, atrazine, efavirenz, lopinavir, fexofenadine and 5-methylbenzotriazole were among the compounds detected following the non-targeted screening approach, of which carbamazepine was confirmed using a standard. Given the detection of the target antifungals in the effluent, the findings are a call for a wide assessment of their occurrence in aquatic environments and their role in ecotoxicology as well as in selection of drug resistant fungi. The findings of this work further highlights the practical benefits obtained for the identification of a broader range of emerging pollutants in the environment when retrospective screening is applied to high resolution and high accuracy mass spectrometric data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailemariam Abrha Assress
- University of South Africa, College of Science Engineering and Technology, Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, UNISA Science Campus, P.O. Box 392, UNISA 0003, Florida, 1709 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hlengilizwe Nyoni
- University of South Africa, College of Science Engineering and Technology, Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, UNISA Science Campus, P.O. Box 392, UNISA 0003, Florida, 1709 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bhekie B Mamba
- University of South Africa, College of Science Engineering and Technology, Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, UNISA Science Campus, P.O. Box 392, UNISA 0003, Florida, 1709 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Titus A M Msagati
- University of South Africa, College of Science Engineering and Technology, Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, UNISA Science Campus, P.O. Box 392, UNISA 0003, Florida, 1709 Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Carl P, Sarma D, Gregório BJR, Hoffmann K, Lehmann A, Rurack K, Schneider RJ. Wash-Free Multiplexed Mix-and-Read Suspension Array Fluorescence Immunoassay for Anthropogenic Markers in Wastewater. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12988-12996. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Carl
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Sarma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruno J. R. Gregório
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Kristin Hoffmann
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Lehmann
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rudolf J. Schneider
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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Ecotoxicological Effect of Single and Combined Exposure of Carbamazepine and Cadmium on Female Danio rerio: A Multibiomarker Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9071362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In aquatic environments, organisms are exposed to mixtures of pollutants which may change the toxicity profile of each contaminant, compared to its toxicity alone. Carbamazepine (CBZ) and cadmium (Cd) are among the pollutants that co-occur in aquatic environments. To date, most research about their toxicity towards aquatic vertebrates is based on single exposure experiments. The present study aims to evaluate single and combined effects of CBZ and Cd on biomarkers in female Danio rerio (zebrafish) by exposing them to environmentally relevant concentrations of these two pollutants for ten days. Four kinds of biomarkers involved in antioxidant systems, energy metabolism, nervous system, and endocrine disruption, respectively, were studied. Our research results coincided with those of former studies in single exposure experiments. However, the combined exposure of CBZ and Cd exerted different responses from other studies in which these two contaminants were examined alone in zebrafish. The present study evidenced the need to conduct more coexposure studies to enhance the environmental relevance of these experimental results.
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Yan S, Wang M, Liang X, Martyniuk CJ, Zha J, Wang Z. Environmentally relevant concentrations of carbamazepine induce liver histopathological changes and a gender-specific response in hepatic proteome of Chinese rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:480-491. [PMID: 30216880 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To assess hepatotoxicity and to determine the underlying mechanisms of carbamazepine (CBZ) toxicity in fish, histopathology and the liver proteome were examined after Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) were exposed to 1, 10, and 100 μg/L CBZ for 28 days. Histopathological changes included disruption of spatial structure, pyknotic nuclei, cellular vacuolization and deformation of cell nuclei, in addition to marked swelling of hepatocytes in all treatment groups. Protein analysis revealed that there were gender-specific responses in rare minnow following exposure, and there were 47 proteins in females and 22 proteins in males identified as differentially abundant following CBZ treatments. Pathway analysis revealed that cellular processes affected by CBZ included apoptosis, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and the respiratory chain, indicating impaired energy homeostasis. Noteworthy was that 15 proteins identified as different in abundance were associated with carcinogenicity. Relative mRNA levels for select transcripts were consistent with the changes of proteins N-myc downstream regulated gene (NDRG), Tropomyosin 2-Beta (TPM2) and annexin A4 (ANXA4). Protein pyruvate kinase, liver and RBC (PKLR) were increased at 1 and 100 μg/L CBZ without significant difference in transcript levels. These findings characterize molecular responses and histological changes in the liver that generate new insights into CBZ hepatotoxicity in Chinese rare minnow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saihong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xuefang Liang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, UF Genetics Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jinmiao Zha
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Zijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Praveena SM, Shaifuddin SNM, Sukiman S, Nasir FAM, Hanafi Z, Kamarudin N, Ismail THT, Aris AZ. Pharmaceuticals residues in selected tropical surface water bodies from Selangor (Malaysia): Occurrence and potential risk assessments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 642:230-240. [PMID: 29902621 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence of nine pharmaceuticals (amoxicillin, caffeine, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, dexamethasone, diclofenac, nitrofurazone, sulfamethoxazole, and triclosan) and to evaluate potential risks (human health and ecotoxicological) in Lui, Gombak and Selangor (Malaysia) rivers using commercial competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit assays. Physicochemical properties of these rivers showed the surface samples belong to Class II of Malaysian National Water Quality Standards which requires conventional treatment before consumption. All the pharmaceuticals were detected in all three rivers except for triclosan, dexamethasone and diclofenac which were not detected in few of sampling locations in these three rivers. Highest pharmaceutical concentrations were detected in Gombak river in line of being as one of the most polluted rivers in Malaysia. Ciprofloxacin concentrations were detected in all the sampling locations with the highest at 299.88 ng/L. While triclosan, dexamethasone and diclofenac concentrations were not detected in a few of sampling locations in these three rivers. All these nine pharmaceuticals were within the levels reported previously in literature. Pharmaceutical production, wastewater treatment technologies and treated sewage effluent were found as the potential sources which can be related with pharmaceuticals occurrence in surface water samples. Potential human risk assessment showed low health risk except for ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone. Instead, ecotoxicological risk assessment indicated moderate risks were present for these rivers. Nevertheless, results confirmation using instrumental techniques is needed for higher degree of specificity. It is crucial to continuously monitor the surface water bodies for pharmaceuticals using a cost-effective prioritisation approach to assess sensitive sub-populations risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarva Mangala Praveena
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Norashikin Mohamad Shaifuddin
- Department of Environmental Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syazwani Sukiman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fauzan Adzima Mohd Nasir
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zanjabila Hanafi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norizah Kamarudin
- Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tengku Hanidza Tengku Ismail
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
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Mezzelani M, Gorbi S, Regoli F. Pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environments: Evidence of emerged threat and future challenges for marine organisms. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 140:41-60. [PMID: 29859717 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are nowadays recognized as a threat for aquatic ecosystems. The growing consumption of these compounds and the enhancement of human health in the past two decades have been paralleled by the continuous input of such biologically active molecules in natural environments. Waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as a major route for release of pharmaceuticals in aquatic bodies where concentrations ranging from ng/L to μg/L are ubiquitously detected. Since medicines principles are designed to be effective at very low concentrations, they have the potential to interfere with biochemical and physiological processes of aquatic species over their entire life cycle. Investigations on occurrence, bioaccumulation and effects in non target organisms are fragmentary, particularly for marine ecosystems, and related to only a limited number over the 4000 substances classified as pharmaceuticals: hence, there is a urgent need to prioritize the environmental sustainability of the most relevant compounds. The aim of this review is to summarize the main adverse effects documented for marine species exposed in both field and laboratory conditions to different classes of pharmaceuticals including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychiatric, cardiovascular, hypocholesterolaemic drugs, steroid hormones and antibiotics. Despite a great scientific advancement has been achieved, our knowledge is still limited on pharmaceuticals behavior in chemical mixtures, as well as their interactions with other environmental stressors. Complex ecotoxicological effects are increasingly documented and multidisciplinary, integrated approaches will be helpful to clarify the environmental hazard of these "emerged" pollutants in marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Mezzelani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Gorbi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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Oliveira G, Calisto V, Santos SM, Otero M, Esteves VI. Paper pulp-based adsorbents for the removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater: A novel approach towards diversification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 631-632:1018-1028. [PMID: 29727928 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, two pulps, bleached (BP) and raw pulp (RP), derived from the paper production process, were used as precursors of non-activated and activated carbons (ACs). In the case of non-ACs, the production involved either pyrolysis or pyrolysis followed by acid washing. For ACs production, the pulps were impregnated with K2CO3 or H3PO4, and then pyrolysed and acid washed. After production, the materials were physically and chemically characterized. Then, batch adsorption tests on the removal of two pharmaceuticals (the anti-epileptic carbamazepine (CBZ) and the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX)) from ultra-pure water and from Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) effluents were performed. In ultra-pure water, non-ACs were not able to adsorb CBZ or SMX while ACs showed good adsorption capacities. In WWTP effluents, although ACs satisfactorily adsorbed CBZ and SMX, they showed lower adsorption capacities for the latter. Tests with WWTP effluents revealed that the best adsorption capacities were achieved by carbons produced from BP and activated with H3PO4: 92±19mgg-1 for CBZ and 13.0±0.6mgg-1 for SMX. These results indicate the potential of paper pulps as precursors for ACs that can be applied in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sérgio M Santos
- Department of Chemistry and CICECO (Aveiro Institute of Materials), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marta Otero
- Department of Environment and Planning and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Roberts J, McNaughtan ML, MacLachlan J, Hunter C, Pahl O. Identification of the acid-induced degradation products of omeprazole and 5-hydroxyomeprazole by high-resolution mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:929-941. [PMID: 29569771 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Omeprazole is used to treat gastric disorders and is one of the most commonly consumed drugs in the western world. It forms several metabolites but is mostly excreted unchanged and as 5-hydroxyomeprazole. Since omeprazole is widely prescribed, its excretion from the body has a potential environmental effect. After excretion it will enter the wastewater system and if not adequately removed during wastewater treatment will be discharged into rivers in the wastewater effluent. It is important to consider not only the parent drug, but also the main metabolite (5-hydroxyomeprazole) and their degradation products to fully understand the fate of this drug during wastewater treatment. In order to do this potential degradation products need to be determined. METHODS Acid was used to artificially accelerate the degradation of omeprazole and 5-hydroxyomeprazole. A Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionisation source was used to determine precursor and product ion data for the degradation products. RESULTS Both starting materials quickly degrade under acidic conditions and the main degradation product formed in each case was a re-arranged monomer. Other species identified were doubly and singly charged dimers with varying numbers of sulphur atoms in the dimer bridge. Careful inspection of the accurate mass, isotope pattern, isotope abundance and product ion spectra was used to interpret the data. CONCLUSIONS The resultant degradants from omeprazole and 5-hydroxyomeprazole were analogous to each other, differing only by an oxygen atom. This investigation determined the degradation products of omeprazole and 5-hydroxyomeprazole and proposed structures based on the accurate mass and isotope information. The product ions from the degradation products are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Roberts
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - Moyra L McNaughtan
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - John MacLachlan
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - Colin Hunter
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - Ole Pahl
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
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Peteffi GP, Fleck JD, Kael IM, Girardi V, Bündchen R, Krajeski DM, Demoliner M, Silva FP, da Rosa DC, Antunes MV, Linden R. Caffeine levels as a predictor of Human mastadenovirus presence in surface waters-a case study in the Sinos River basin-Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:15774-15784. [PMID: 29582324 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1649-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of caffeine in environmental water samples is almost entirely human-related, given that there are virtually no industrial or agricultural releases. Caffeine has already been proposed as an anthropogenic marker for wastewater contamination of surface waters. The aim of this study was to evaluate if caffeine concentrations in water can be a predictor of virological and bacteriological contamination. Water samples were taken at three sampling sites from urban water streams from the hydrographic basin of the Sinos River (Brazil) monthly in the period of May 9th, 2016 to April 11th, 2017 (n = 36). Concentrations of Human mastadenovirus (HAdV-F and HAdV-C), fecal coliforms, and caffeine were measured in all collected samples. Concentrations of caffeine in water were strongly correlated with HAdV-F (rs = 0.704, p = 0.000). This study, for the first time, characterized caffeine concentrations in water as predictors of virus presence, with cut-off values presenting 92.9% specificity and 95.5% sensitivity for HAdV-F and 66.7% specificity and 80% sensitivity for HAdV-C. Considering its marked chemical stability and ease of quantification, caffeine concentrations can be used as a comprehensive marker of human contamination of water resources, also being predictive of bacteriological and virological concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Piva Peteffi
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil.
- , Novo Hamburgo, Brazil.
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Igor Mendes Kael
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Viviane Girardi
- Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Raquel Bündchen
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Daiane Metz Krajeski
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Francini Pereira Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Débora Couto da Rosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Marina Venzon Antunes
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Linden
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
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Almeida Â, Calisto V, Esteves VI, Schneider RJ, Soares AMVM, Figueira E, Freitas R. Effects of single and combined exposure of pharmaceutical drugs (carbamazepine and cetirizine) and a metal (cadmium) on the biochemical responses of R. philippinarum. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 198:10-19. [PMID: 29494826 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the aquatic environment, organisms are exposed to complex mixtures of contaminants which may alter the toxicity profile of each compound, compared to its toxicity alone. Pharmaceutical drugs (e.g. carbamazepine (CBZ) and cetirizine (CTZ)) and metals (e.g. cadmium (Cd)) are among those contaminants that co-occur in the environment. However, most studies concerning their toxicity towards aquatic species are based on single exposure experiments. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate single and combined effects of Cd and CBZ or CTZ (single conditions: Cd, CTZ, CBZ; combined conditions: CTZ + Cd, CBZ + Cd) on biomarkers related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism in the edible clam Ruditapes philippinarum, by exposing the organisms for 28 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of these contaminants. The biomarkers studied were: i) the electron transport system activity, protein and glycogen contents (indicators of organisms' metabolic status and energy reserves); ii) lipid peroxidation and the ratio between reduced and oxidized glutathione (indicators of oxidative stress); iii) superoxide dismutase and catalase activities (enzymes indicators of antioxidant defence) and iv) activity of glutathione S-transferases (family of enzymes indicators of biotransformation capacity). Results obtained showed that the uptake of Cd and CBZ was not affected by the combined presence of the contaminants. However, for CTZ, the uptake was higher in the presence than in the absence of Cd. Concerning toxicity data, in general, the combined exposures (CTZ + Cd, CBZ + Cd) had lower biological effects than the contaminants alone. Nevertheless, our data showed that despite the low concentrations tested, they were enough to exert biological effects that differed between single and combined treatments, evidencing the need to conduct more co-exposure studies to increase the environmental relevance of the gathered data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Almeida
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Etelvina Figueira
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Almeida Â, Freitas R, Calisto V, Esteves VI, Schneider RJ, Soares AMVM, Figueira E, Campos B, Barata C. Effects of carbamazepine and cetirizine under an ocean acidification scenario on the biochemical and transcriptome responses of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 235:857-868. [PMID: 29353802 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Several works evaluated the toxicity of pharmaceutical drugs and climate related changes in invertebrates but few explored the combined effects of both stressors, namely considering their mode of action (MoA). Carbamazepine (CBZ) and cetirizine (CTZ) are pharmaceutical drugs detected in the environment and the toxicity derived from the combined effects of these drugs with ocean acidification (OA) is poorly explored. Thus, the present study investigated the biochemical parameters related to an oxidative stress response and the transcription of genes related to the MoA of CBZ (1.0 μg/L) and CTZ (0.6 μg/L) in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum chronically exposed (28 days) to control (7.8) and low (7.5) pH conditions. The results obtained showed that despite the clams accumulated both drugs, at low pH the clams exposed to CTZ decreased drug concentration and BCF values (CTZ uptake: 2.0 ± 0.5 ng/g fresh weight; BCF: 3.8 ± 0.9) in comparison with clams exposed to control pH (CTZ uptake: 2.9 ± 0.3 ng/g fresh weight; BCF: 5.5 ± 0.6). No oxidative stress was induced by the exposure to CBZ or CTZ at each pH level, but the transcription of several genes related with the MoA (neurotransmission, immunity and biomineralization) was altered by low pH, drug exposure and the combination of both stressors. At both pH conditions, CBZ increased the transcription of GABA receptor gene (neurotransmission) and CTZ led to a decrease of Perlucin gene (biomineralization) transcription. The transcription of MyD88 gene (immunity) decreased at low pH (7.5) combined with drug exposure (CBZ or CTZ). Thus, it was highlighted that the interaction of drug exposure and low pH conditions can change bivalves' sensitivity to drugs or alter drugs toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Almeida
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter -Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Etelvina Figueira
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Campos
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Barata
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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44
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Studies on the development of antibodies for the highly hydrophobic plasticizers DINCH and DEHT. Anal Biochem 2018; 543:90-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Yan S, Wang M, Zha J, Zhu L, Li W, Luo Q, Sun J, Wang Z. Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Carbamazepine Caused Endocrine-Disrupting Effects on Nontarget Organisms, Chinese Rare Minnows (Gobiocypris rarus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:886-894. [PMID: 29251917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, Chinese rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) were exposed to 1, 10, and 100 μg/L of carbamazepine (CBZ) under flow-through conditions for 28 d. A hepatic-specific custom microarray identified 111 and 71 differentially expressed genes in the livers of females and males, respectively, exposed to 100 μg/L of CBZ (ratio ≥ 2, p ≤ 0.05). The levels of five differentially expressed genes associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis were quantified by qPCR, and the results indicated the feasibility of screening endocrine-disrupting chemicals using a custom microarray. The mRNA levels of genes related to the HPG axis differed significantly in different organs of Chinese rare minnows (p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed in the 11-ketotestosterone and plasma vitellogenin levels in all treatments and in the 17β-estradiol (E2) levels in the 100 μg/L CBZ treatment. In contrast, the gonadosomatic index was significantly higher in females and slightly higher in males without significant differences. A pathological analysis determined that 10 and 100 μg/L of CBZ could lead to ova-testis in males and significantly promoted ovum maturation in females. Therefore, our results demonstrate that environmentally relevant concentrations of CBZ have homologous estrogenic activity and induce reproductive toxicity in Chinese rare minnows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saihong Yan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | | | | | - Lifei Zhu
- Beijing Fisheries Research Institute , Beijing 100068, China
| | | | - Qian Luo
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology , Chinese Academy of Science , Shenzhen 518055, China
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Oropesa AL, Beltrán FJ, Floro AM, Sagasti JJP, Palma P. Ecotoxicological efficiency of advanced ozonation processes with TiO 2 and black light used in the degradation of carbamazepine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:1670-1682. [PMID: 29101690 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ecotoxicological efficiency of two advanced ozonation processes (AOzPs), the catalytic ozonation (O3/TiO2) and the photocatalytic ozonation (O3/TiO2/black light), in the remotion of carbamazepine. The ecotoxicological efficiency was assessed through the use of lethal and sublethal assays with species Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna. Results demonstrated that the AOzPs presented an efficiency of carbamazepine removal higher than 99% (carbamazepine < 2 μg/L) after 12 min of treatment. Relatively to ecotoxicological evaluation, application of acute assay to V. fischeri and chronic assay to D. magna allowed us to highlight that these technologies may form some transformation products that induce toxicity in the bacteria and the crustacean, once these organisms exposed to the undiluted solutions (100%) showed a decrease in the bioluminescence (vibrio) and end up dying before and during the first reproduction (daphnia). Despite that, when the chronic results obtained with the diluted solutions (50 and 25%; important to assess a more realistic scenario considering the dilution factor at the environment) were analyzed, no mortality at the mothers was observed. Compared to a carbamazepine solution (200 μg/L), diluted solutions improved of the reproduction parameters, and no toxic effects in the juvenoid system and in the embryonic development were observed. Relatively to the ecdysteroid effect of a carbamazepine solution (200 μg/L), only the photocatalytic ozonation treatment was able to remove the action of the drug. These results highlight the importance of complementing chemical analysis with ecotoxicological bioassays to assess the best technology to improve the surface water and effluent quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lourdes Oropesa
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071, Badajoz, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biotecnología Ganadera y Cinegética (INBIO G+C), Universidad de Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Fernando Juan Beltrán
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación del Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad (IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - António Miguel Floro
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária de Beja, 7801-295, Beja, Portugal
| | - Juan José Pérez Sagasti
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Patrícia Palma
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária de Beja, 7801-295, Beja, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIMA), FCT, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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Almeida Â, Calisto V, Esteves VI, Schneider RJ, Soares AMVM, Figueira E, Freitas R. Ecotoxicity of the antihistaminic drug cetirizine to Ruditapes philippinarum clams. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:793-801. [PMID: 28578237 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cetirizine (CTZ) is an antihistaminic drug present in the aquatic environment, with limited information on its toxicity to organisms inhabiting this system. This study intended to evaluate the effects of CTZ on oxidative stress and energy metabolism biomarkers in the edible clam Ruditapes philippinarum after a 28days exposure to environmentally relevant CTZ concentrations (0.0, 0.3, 3.0, 6.0 and 12.0μg/L). The results obtained showed that CTZ was accumulated by clams reaching maximum concentrations (up to ~22ng/g FW) at the highest CTZ exposure concentrations (6.0 and 12.0μg/L). The bioconcentration factor (average maximum values of ~5) decreased at 12.0μg/L reflecting a reduction in clams uptake or increase of excretion capacity at this condition. The present study revealed that, in general, clams decreased the metabolic potential after exposure to CTZ (decrease in electron transport system activity), a response that led to the maintenance of glycogen content in organisms exposed to CTZ in comparison to control values. Our findings also showed that, CTZ did not exert significant levels of oxidative injury to clams. However, comparing the control with the highest exposure concentrations (6.0 and 12.0μg/L) a significant increase of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide activity (~53 and ~44%) was observed in clams exposed to CTZ. Moreover, a tendency to increase lipid peroxidation (~14 and ~9%) and carbonyl groups on proteins (~11 and ~3%) was observed in clams exposed to CTZ (6.0 and 12.0μg/L) compared to control condition. Overall the present study suggests that toxic impacts may be induced in R. philippinarum if exposed for longer periods or higher CTZ concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Almeida
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter -Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Etelvina Figueira
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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48
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Sources and impacts of pharmaceutical components in wastewater and its treatment process: A review. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-017-0255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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González-Alonso S, Merino LM, Esteban S, López de Alda M, Barceló D, Durán JJ, López-Martínez J, Aceña J, Pérez S, Mastroianni N, Silva A, Catalá M, Valcárcel Y. Occurrence of pharmaceutical, recreational and psychotropic drug residues in surface water on the northern Antarctic Peninsula region. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 229:241-254. [PMID: 28599208 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Human presence in the Antarctic is increasing due to research activities and the rise in tourism. These activities contribute a number of potentially hazardous substances. The aim of this study is to conduct the first characterisation of the pharmaceuticals and recreational drugs present in the northern Antarctic Peninsula region, and to assess the potential environmental risk they pose to the environment. The study consisted of a single sampling of ten water samples from different sources, including streams, ponds, glacier drains, and a wastewater discharge into the sea. Twenty-five selected pharmaceuticals and 21 recreational drugs were analysed. The highest concentrations were found for the analgesics acetaminophen (48.74 μg L-1), diclofenac (15.09 μg L-1) and ibuprofen (10.05 μg L-1), and for the stimulant caffeine (71.33 μg L-1). All these substances were detected in waters that were discharged directly into the ocean without any prior purification processes. The hazard quotient (HQ) values for ibuprofen, diclofenac and acetaminophen were far in excess of 10 at several sampling points. The concentrations of each substance measured and used as measured environmental concentration values for the HQ calculations are based on a one-time sampling. The Toxic Unit values indicate that analgesics and anti-inflammatories are the therapeutic group responsible for the highest toxic burden. This study is the first to analyse a wide range of substances and to determine the presence of pharmaceuticals and psychotropic drugs in the Antarctic Peninsula region. We believe it can serve as a starting point to focus attention on the need for continued environmental monitoring of these substances in the water cycle, especially in protected regions such as the Antarctic. This will determine whether pharmaceuticals and recreational drugs are hazardous to the environment and, if so, can be used as the basis for risk-assessment studies to prioritise the exposure to risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia González-Alonso
- Research Group and Teaching in Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment (TAyER) of Rey Juan Carlos University, Avda. Atenas S/N, E-28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luis Moreno Merino
- Geological Survery of Spain, (IGME), C/Ríos Rosas 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Esteban
- Research Group and Teaching in Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment (TAyER) of Rey Juan Carlos University, Avda. Atenas S/N, E-28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren López de Alda
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Damià Barceló
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, Edifici H(2)O, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Juan José Durán
- Geological Survery of Spain, (IGME), C/Ríos Rosas 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jerónimo López-Martínez
- Department of Geology and Geochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaume Aceña
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Pérez
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicola Mastroianni
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrián Silva
- National Institute of Water, Empalme J. Newbery km 1,620, Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Myriam Catalá
- Department of Biology & Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Higher School of Science and Technology (ESCET), Rey Juan Carlos University, Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Valcárcel
- Research Group and Teaching in Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment (TAyER) of Rey Juan Carlos University, Avda. Atenas S/N, E-28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Psychology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avda. Atenas s/n, E-28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
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Ma D, Chen L, Liu R. Removal of novel antiandrogens identified in biological effluents of domestic wastewater by activated carbon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 595:702-710. [PMID: 28407587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental antiandrogenic (AA) contaminants in effluents from wastewater treatment plants have the potential for negative impacts on wildlife and human health. The aim of our study was to identify chemical contaminants with likely AA activity in the biological effluents and evaluate the removal of these antiandrogens (AAs) during advanced treatment comprising adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC). In this study, profiling of AA contaminants in biological effluents and tertiary effluents was conducted using effect-directed analysis (EDA) including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fractionation, a recombinant yeast screen containing androgen receptor (YAS), in combination with mass spectrometry analyses. Analysis of a wastewater secondary effluent from a membrane bioreactor revealed complex profiles of AA activity comprising 14 HPLC fractions and simpler profiles of GAC effluents with only 2 to 4 moderately polar HPLC fractions depending on GAC treatment conditions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-nanospray mass spectrometry analyses of AA fractions in the secondary effluent resulted in detection of over 10 chemical contaminants, which showed inhibition of YAS activity and were potential AAs. The putative AAs included biocides, food additives, flame retardants, pharmaceuticals and industrial contaminants. To our knowledge, it is the first time that the AA properties of N-ethyl-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanecarboxamide (WS3), cetirizine, and oxcarbazepine are reported. The EDA used in this study was proven to be a powerful tool to identify novel chemical structures with AA activity in the complex aquatic environment. The adsorption process to GAC of all the identified antiandrogens, except WS3 and triclosan, fit well with the pseudo-second order kinetics models. Adsorption to GAC could further remove most of the AAs identified in the biological effluents with high efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314006, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314006, China
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