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Breakell T, Kowalski I, Foerster Y, Kramer R, Erdmann M, Berking C, Heppt MV. Ultraviolet Filters: Dissecting Current Facts and Myths. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2986. [PMID: 38792526 PMCID: PMC11121922 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is a global and increasingly prevalent issue, causing significant individual and economic damage. UV filters in sunscreens play a major role in mitigating the risks that solar ultraviolet ra-diation poses to the human organism. While empirically effective, multiple adverse effects of these compounds are discussed in the media and in scientific research. UV filters are blamed for the dis-ruption of endocrine processes and vitamin D synthesis, damaging effects on the environment, induction of acne and neurotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Some of these allegations are based on scientific facts while others are simply arbitrary. This is especially dangerous considering the risks of exposing unprotected skin to the sun. In summary, UV filters approved by the respective governing bodies are safe for human use and their proven skin cancer-preventing properties make them in-dispensable for sensible sun protection habits. Nonetheless, compounds like octocrylene and ben-zophenone-3 that are linked to the harming of marine ecosystems could be omitted from skin care regimens in favor of the myriad of non-toxic UV filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Breakell
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.B.); (I.K.); (Y.F.); (R.K.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN) and CCC Alliance WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Isabel Kowalski
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.B.); (I.K.); (Y.F.); (R.K.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN) and CCC Alliance WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yannick Foerster
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.B.); (I.K.); (Y.F.); (R.K.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN) and CCC Alliance WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91052 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University (TU) Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Rafaela Kramer
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.B.); (I.K.); (Y.F.); (R.K.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN) and CCC Alliance WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Erdmann
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.B.); (I.K.); (Y.F.); (R.K.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN) and CCC Alliance WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.B.); (I.K.); (Y.F.); (R.K.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN) and CCC Alliance WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus V. Heppt
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.B.); (I.K.); (Y.F.); (R.K.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN) and CCC Alliance WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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Sung CR, Kim BJ, Park CJ, Oh IA, Lee YJ, Park YR, Kwack SJ. Evaluation of the anti-androgenic and cytotoxic effects of benzophenone-3 in male Sprague-Dawley rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:266-273. [PMID: 38166509 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2300785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Benzophenone-3 (BP-3, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, oxybenzone) is one of the most widely used types of benzophenone organic sunscreen. However, this compound is a potentially harmful toxicant. The aim of this study was 2-fold to: (1) utilize a Hershberger bioassay in vivo in castrated male Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate the anti-androgenic activities of BP-3, and (2) use in vitro a methyl tetrazolium assay to compare the toxicity between Leydig cells (TM3 cells) and mouse fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines. In the Hershberger assay, rats were divided into 6 groups (each of n = 7): a vehicle control, negative control, positive control, PB-3 low (40 mg/kg), BP-3 intermediate (200 mg/kg), and BP-3 high (1000 mg/kg)-dose. The weight of the ventral prostate was significantly decreased at BP-3 doses of 200 or 1,000 mg/kg/day. In addition, the levator anibulbocavernosus muscle weights were also significantly reduced at BP-3 doses of 40, 200, or 1,000 mg/kg/day. In the MTT assay, the viability of NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblast cells was within the normal range. However, the TM3 mouse testis Leydig cell viability was significantly lowered in a concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, data indicate that BP-3 might exert in vivo anti-androgenic and in vitro cytotoxic effects in cells associated with the male reproductive system compared to normal non-reproductive cells.Abbreviation: BP-3: benzophenone-3; CG: Cowper's gland; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; GP: glans penis; LABC: levator anibulbocavernosus muscle; MTT: methyl tetrazolium; NC: negative control; PC: positive control; SV: seminal vesicle; TP: testosterone propionate; VC: vehicle control; VP: ventral prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Rim Sung
- Department of Bio Health Science, College of Natural Science, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Jun Kim
- Nonclinical Research Center, Chemon Inc., Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ju Park
- Department of Bio Health Science, College of Natural Science, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ah Oh
- Department of Bio Health Science, College of Natural Science, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Department of Bio Health Science, College of Natural Science, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Rim Park
- Department of Bio Health Science, College of Natural Science, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jun Kwack
- Department of Bio Health Science, College of Natural Science, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
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Yao YN, Wang Y, Zhang H, Gao Y, Zhang T, Kannan K. A review of sources, pathways, and toxic effects of human exposure to benzophenone ultraviolet light filters. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2024; 3:30-44. [PMID: 38162868 PMCID: PMC10757257 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Benzophenone ultraviolet light filters (BPs) are high-production-volume chemicals extensively used in personal care products, leading to widespread human exposure. Given their estrogenic properties, the potential health risks associated with exposure to BPs have become a public health concern. This review aims to summarize sources and pathways of exposure to BPs and associated health risks. Dermal exposure, primarily through the use of sunscreens, constitutes a major pathway for BP exposure. At a recommended application rate, dermal exposure of BP-3 via the application of sunscreens may reach or exceed the suggested reference dose. Other exposure pathways to BPs, such as drinking water, seafood, and packaged foods, contribute minimal to the overall dose. Inhalation is a minor pathway of exposure; however, its contribution cannot be ignored. Human exposure to BPs is an order of magnitude higher in North America than in Asia and Europe. Studies conducted on laboratory animals and cells have consistently demonstrated the toxic effects of BP exposure. BPs are estrogenic and elicit reproductive and developmental toxicities. Furthermore, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and carcinogenicity have been reported from chronic BP exposure. In addition to animal and cell studies, epidemiological investigations have identified associations between BPs and couples' fecundity and other reproductive disorders, as well as adverse birth outcomes. Further studies are urgently needed to understand the risks posed by BPs on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - You Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hengling Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yanxia Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, NY 12237, USA
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Liu B, Lu X, Jiang A, Lv Y, Zhang H, Xu B. Influence of maternal endocrine disrupting chemicals exposure on adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115851. [PMID: 38157800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Maternal endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) exposure, the common environmental pollutants, was capable of involving in adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the evidence of their connection is not consistent. Our goal was to comprehensively explore the risk of EDCs related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. One hundred and one studies were included from two databases before 2023 to explore the association between EDCs and adverse pregnancy outcomes including miscarriage, small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB). We found that maternal PFASs exposure was positively correlated with PTB (OR:1.13, 95% CI:1.04-1.23), SGA (OR:1.10, 95% CI:1.04-1.16) and miscarriage (OR:1.09, 95% CI:1.00-1.19). The pooled estimates also showed maternal PAEs exposure was linked with PTB (OR:1.16, 95% CI:1.11-1.21), SGA (OR:1.20, 95% CI:1.07-1.35) and miscarriage (OR:1.55, 95% CI:1.33-1.81). In addition, maternal exposure to some specific class of EDCs including PFOS, MBP, MEHP, DEHP, and BPA was associated with PTB. Maternal exposure to PFOS, PFOA, PFHpA was associated with SGA. Maternal exposure to BPA was associated with LBW. Maternal exposure to MMP, MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP, BPA was associated with miscarriage. Maternal PFASs, PAEs and BPA exposure may increase adverse pregnancy outcomes risk according to our study. However, the limited number of studies on dose-response hampered further explanation for causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Medical Aspects of Specific Environments, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Medical Aspects of Specific Environments, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Antong Jiang
- Department of Medical Aspects of Specific Environments, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanming Lv
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Medical Aspects of Specific Environments, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Zhuang Y, Sun X, Deng S, Wen Y, Xu Q, Guan Q. In vivo effects of low dose prenatal bisphenol A exposure on adiposity in male and female ICR offspring. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114946. [PMID: 37105096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is known to exhibit endocrine disrupting activities and is associated with adiposity. We examined the obesogenic effect of prenatal BPA exposure in the present study. METHODS Pregnant ICR mice were exposed to vehicle or BPA via the drinking water at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg·d throughout the gestation. Obesity-related indexes were investigated in the 12-wk-old offspring. Primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) collected from treated embryos were used to test effects of BPA on adipocyte differentiation. RESULTS Offspring presented a significantly higher rate of weight gain than the control, with impaired insulin sensitivity and increased adipocyte size. Differentiation of MEFs from BPA-treated mice showed a higher propensity for the adipocyte commitment as well as up-regulation of genes enriched in lipid biosynthesis. TGF-β signaling pathway was found to modulate obesogenic effect of BPA in MEF model, but estrogen signaling pathway had no effect. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides strong evidence of the association between prenatal exposure to low dose of BPA and a significant increase in body weight in the offspring mice with a critical role played by TGF-β signaling pathway. The potential interactions modulating the binding of BPA and TGF-β that activate its obesogenic effects need to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhuang
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiangying Sun
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Siting Deng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ya Wen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qiujin Xu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Science, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Quanquan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Agarwal R, Joshi SS. Toxicity of Bisphenol in Pregnant Females: First Review of Literature in Humans. Cureus 2023; 15:e39168. [PMID: 37332408 PMCID: PMC10276200 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol analogues are widely used in consumer products such as disposable dinnerware, canned food, personal care products, bottled beverages, and more, and dietary exposure is the main pathway. Bisphenol A is used to manufacture synthetic resins and commercial plastics in large quantities. According to epidemiological and animal studies, bisphenols disrupt the reproductive, immunological, and metabolic systems. These analogues are estrogenic like Bisphenol A, although human studies are limited. We did a thorough search of the literature on the toxicity of bisphenol on reproductive and endocrine systems in pregnancy, focusing particularly on human studies. Hence, we present a comprehensive literature review on this topic. During our literature search, three epidemiological studies and one human observational study demonstrated a substantial link between bisphenol toxicity and recurrent miscarriages. The aforementioned research shows that bisphenol may harm pregnancy and cause miscarriages. We believe this is the first literature review on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Agarwal
- Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Shrirang S Joshi
- Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IND
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Surendran S, Prasannan P, Jeyaram Y, Palanivel V, Pandian A, Ramasubbu R. Knowledge on ethnogynaecology of Indian Tribes- a comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115880. [PMID: 36368564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ethnogynaecology is an emerging branch of science dealing with the treatment of gynaecological ailments by tribals, local healers, and traditional practitioners. The ethnogynaecological importance of medicinal plants in India is a fertile area to conduct more scientific studies to evaluate their potentialities, to isolate bioactive compounds, and thereby to develop drugs for the common gynaecological health-related issues faced by women everywhere. OBJECTIVES The Indigenous medical knowledge systems of India have not been properly documented with special reference to ethnogynaecology. This review aims to document the knowledge of ethnogynaecology among tribals, villagers, and local people inhabiting different parts of India and the bioactive compounds responsible for the action. This review provides a vast record of medicinal plants and their parts used, types of formulations, dosage, and ethno-gynaecological usage. MATERIALS AND METHODS The detailed investigation of ethnobotanical and ethnogynaecological-related literature published between 1985 and 2021 by different scientific tools such as journals, books, and current electronic databases like Springer Link, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Wiley, ACS, Science Direct and Pubmed have been considered for the present study. The study included 300 articles published between 1985 and 2021 by scientific search using various standard databases. The tribals, vaidyas, traditional practitioners, indigenous medical healers, and local people of different regions in India have recognized the importance of ethnogynaecological uses of plants. The study on ethnogynaecology is limited to a few common but significant gynaecological issues including abortion, contraception, infertility, menstruation, leucorrhoea, and obstetrics. The phytocompound compounds isolated from various parts of the plants and responsibility for the gynaecological action were documented. RESULTS The major ethnogynaecological disorders recorded by various studies are leucorrhoea, abortion, contraceptives, infertility and related issues, and obstetrics including the irregular physiological process of menstruation. The ethnogynaecological and ethnobotanical information has been recorded from almost all the states of India; the highest number of records on ethnogynaecology was reported from the state of Madhya Pradesh. The most explored tribal populations to record ethnogynaecological knowledge belong to the following tribes: Bhil, Munda, Irula, Kani, Malayali, Meena, Paliyar, Muthuvar, Oraon, Narikuravar, Mannan, Malayarayan, and Malapandaram. Moreover, limited or no study has been attempted to prove the knowledge of ethnogynaecology of these tribes and the efficiency of their crude drugs against pharmacological actions. The paste prepared from various parts of the plants has been used widely as primary health care materials for abortion, obstetrics, menstruation, female infertility and male infertility. Phenols, glucoside, steroids and fatty acids reported with cytotoxic activities are connected to several gynaecological disorders whereas flavonoid, coumarin, sitosterol disrupt pregnancy. The phenolic compounds induced spontaneous abortion due to the major composition aristolochic acid, ceryl alcohol, β-sitosterol. Coreopsin, butin, isobutrin, monospermoside, palastrin, butrin. Mucunine, lecithin, prurieninine, gluthione and luteolin, Indicine, kaempferol, apigenin and quercetin effected therapeutic activity against leucorrhoea. Lignin, friedelin and beta-sitosterol are reported with abortifacient properties and therapeutic ability for leucorrhoea and menorrhagia. Tannins, mimusopsic acids, taraxerol and spinaserol effected fertility problems in women and tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids and alkaloids which effected infertility. CONCLUSION This review reported comprehensive data on ethnogynaecological knowledge published from available literature and evident that the indigenous medical system of Indian tribes has also contributed considerably to the healthcare system and drug development of India. The fresh plant parts were identified as effective materials against various gynaecological illnesses including infertility. The root is considered an excellent plant part against obstetrics followed by abortion, menstruation, and leucorrhoea. These studies need experimental proof as well as standardization to confirm their efficiency. Promoting the sustainable use and the equitable sharing of benefits to the knowledge provider is a pathway for harnessing the conservation of this knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Surendran
- Department of Biology, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priya Prasannan
- Department of Biology, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yasotha Jeyaram
- Department of Botany, PRIST Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatesh Palanivel
- Department of Biology, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arjun Pandian
- Department of Biotechnology, PRIST Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India; Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raju Ramasubbu
- Department of Biology, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Rosen Vollmar AK, Weinberg CR, Baird DD, Wilcox AJ, Calafat AM, Deziel NC, Johnson CH, Jukic AMZ. Urinary phenol concentrations and fecundability and early pregnancy loss. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:139-155. [PMID: 36346334 PMCID: PMC10089295 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are urinary phenol concentrations of methylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, triclosan, benzophenone-3, 2,4-dichlorophenol or 2,5-dichlorophenol associated with fecundability and early pregnancy loss? SUMMARY ANSWER 2,5-dichlorophenol concentrations were associated with an increased odds of early pregnancy loss, and higher concentrations of butylparaben and triclosan were associated with an increase in fecundability. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Phenols are chemicals with endocrine-disrupting potential found in everyday products. Despite plausible mechanisms of phenol reproductive toxicity, there are inconsistent results across few epidemiologic studies examining phenol exposure and reproductive function in non-fertility treatment populations. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Specimens and data were from the North Carolina Early Pregnancy Study prospective cohort of 221 women attempting to conceive naturally from 1982 to 1986. This analysis includes data from 221 participants across 706 menstrual cycles, with 135 live births, 15 clinical miscarriages and 48 early pregnancy losses (before 42 days after the last menstrual period). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Participants collected daily first-morning urine specimens. For each menstrual cycle, aliquots from three daily specimens across the cycle were pooled within individuals and analyzed for phenol concentrations. To assess sample repeatability, we calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for each phenol. We evaluated associations between phenol concentrations from pooled samples and time to pregnancy using discrete-time logistic regression and generalized estimating equations (GEE), and early pregnancy loss using multivariable logistic regression and GEE. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE ICCs for within-person variability across menstrual cycles in pooled phenol concentrations ranged from 0.42 to 0.75. There was an increased odds of early pregnancy loss with 2,5-dichlorophenol concentrations although the CIs were wide (5th vs 1st quintile odds ratio (OR): 4.79; 95% CI: 1.06, 21.59). There was an increased per-cycle odds of conception at higher concentrations of butylparaben (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.44) and triclosan (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 0.99, 2.26) compared to non-detectable concentrations. No associations were observed between these endpoints and concentrations of other phenols examined. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Limitations include the absence of phenol measurements for male partners and a limited sample size, especially for the outcome of early pregnancy loss, which reduced our power to detect associations. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study is the first to use repeated pooled measures to summarize phenol exposure and the first to investigate associations with fecundability and early pregnancy loss. Within-person phenol concentration variability underscores the importance of collecting repeated samples for future studies. Exposure misclassification could contribute to differences between the findings of this study and those of other studies, all of which used one urine sample to assess phenol exposure. This study also contributes to the limited literature probing potential associations between environmental exposures and early pregnancy loss, which is a challenging outcome to study as it typically occurs before a pregnancy is clinically recognized. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (award number F31ES030594), the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (project numbers ES103333 and ES103086) and a doctoral fellowship at the Yale School of Public Health. The authors declare they have no competing interests to disclose. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana K Rosen Vollmar
- Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Clarice R Weinberg
- Biostatistics & Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle, NC, USA
| | - Donna D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle, NC, USA
| | - Allen J Wilcox
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle, NC, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicole C Deziel
- Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Caroline H Johnson
- Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anne Marie Z Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle, NC, USA
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Jiang Q, Liu R, Liu T, Liang J, Wu Y, Feng B, Liu S, Li H, Pan D, Qiu X, Huang D. Relationship between exposure of alkylphenols in serum of pregnant women during early pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:52954-52963. [PMID: 35274207 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alkylphenols are a type of endocrine disruptors, which are commonly found in personal care products, food, and water and are more harmful to the human body. To investigate the relationship between exposure of alkylphenols in serum of pregnant women during early pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, a total of 2035 healthy pregnant women and their neonates were recruited in the birth cohort of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi from 2015 to 2018. The peripheral venous blood samples were collected from pregnant women in early pregnancy; the concentrations of nonylphenol (NP), 4-nonylphenol (4-N-NP), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-T-OP), and 4-n-octylphenol (4-N-OP) in serum were detected by ultra-performance liquid performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Binary logistic regression showed that NP [OR = 1.40 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.94)] was positively associated with preterm birth. Restricted cubic spline analyses showed that logNP and log4-T-OP had non-linearity associations with preterm birth (logNP: Poverall = 0.006, Pnon-linear = 0.003; log4-T-OP: Poverall = 0.004, Pnon-linear = 0.002). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that maternal serum concentration of NP was negatively associated with birth weight of perinatal infants (β = -14.68, 95% CI: -29.18, -0.19), which may be sensitive in male neonates (β = -26.18, 95% CI: -47.33, -5.02). The findings demonstrate that nonylphenol is a risk factor of preterm birth, and nonylphenol is negatively associated with the birth weight in male infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunjiao Jiang
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Runfeng Liu
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Huaihua Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huaihua, 418000, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- Medical Administration Division, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebe, 075000, China
| | - Baoying Feng
- Department of Nutrition, RuiKang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530011, Guangxi, China
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health & Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Dongxiang Pan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health & Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongping Huang
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
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Fouyet S, Olivier E, Leproux P, Dutot M, Rat P. Evaluation of Placental Toxicity of Five Essential Oils and Their Potential Endocrine-Disrupting Effects. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2794-2810. [PMID: 35877416 PMCID: PMC9323951 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44070192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnant women may use EOs in case of morning sickness, nausea, stress management, etc. Little is known about the potential danger that EOs represent for the placenta and therefore for the pregnancy. Our aim was to explore and compare the placental toxicity and potential endocrine disrupting effects of niaouli, orange, tea tree, wintergreen and ylang-ylang EOs, and their key compounds: 4-terpineol, 1,8-cineol, limonene, methyl salicylate and benzyl salicylate. We studied the release of four hormones and the activation of P2X7 receptor in JEG-Tox human placental cells as key biomarkers for endocrine toxicity. We observed that niaouli, orange, tea tree, wintergreen and ylang-ylang EOs and their key components disrupted at least one of the studied hormones but none of them activated the P2X7 cell death receptor. The tested EOs appear then to be more hormonal modulators rather than EDCs in human placental cells. The hormonal effects observed with the key components were very different from those observed with the EOs. EOs are very complex mixtures, and it is essential to study whole EOs rather than their components individually in safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Fouyet
- CNRS CiTCoM, Université de Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (E.O.); (P.L.); (M.D.); (P.R.)
- Laboratoires Léa Nature, 17180 Périgny, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Elodie Olivier
- CNRS CiTCoM, Université de Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (E.O.); (P.L.); (M.D.); (P.R.)
| | - Pascale Leproux
- CNRS CiTCoM, Université de Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (E.O.); (P.L.); (M.D.); (P.R.)
| | - Mélody Dutot
- CNRS CiTCoM, Université de Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (E.O.); (P.L.); (M.D.); (P.R.)
- Recherche & Développement, Yslab, 29000 Quimper, France
| | - Patrice Rat
- CNRS CiTCoM, Université de Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (E.O.); (P.L.); (M.D.); (P.R.)
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Ao J, Huo X, Zhang J, Mao Y, Li G, Ye J, Shi Y, Jin F, Bao S, Zhang J. Environmental exposure to bisphenol analogues and unexplained recurrent miscarriage: A case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112293. [PMID: 34728239 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of bisphenol A (BPA) has been substantially limited since 2010 due to its toxicity to human health. A group of bisphenol analogues that are structurally similar to BPA have been developed as the alternatives and used widely. The reproductive toxicity of these emerging chemicals has caused substantial concerns in recent years. Whether bisphenol analogues affect miscarriage, especially unexplained recurrent miscarriage (URM), remains to be explored. We conducted a hospital-based, case-control study with 1180 URM cases and 571 controls in China from 2014 to 2016. Concentrations of six bisphenol analogues (BPA, BPAF, BPAP, BPB, BPP and BPS) were measured in the urine samples collected at median intervals of 7.6 months after last miscarriage (interquartile ranges: 4.8, 14.7 months). Multiple logistic regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile g-computation (q-gcomp) were used to assess the relationship of bisphenol analogues with URM risk. We observed significantly higher levels of all urinary bisphenols in the cases than the controls. After controlling for potential confounders, bisphenol analogues were significantly associated with increased odds of URM in varying degrees. A dose-response pattern was observed for the associations of BPAF, BPAP and BPB quartiles with URM. The mixed exposure of six bisphenol analogues was positively associated with the risk of URM (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.25; 1.11-1.42), which was mainly driven by BPAP (60.1%), BPAF (25.1%) and BPA (14.8%). After age stratification, the risks tended to be higher in women aged 30 years or older, compared to women <30 years. Our large case-control study indicates that environmental exposure to bisphenol analogues is associated with an increased risk of URM. Older women may be more vulnerable to the insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ao
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaona Huo
- Obstetrics Department, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jiangtao Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250001, China
| | - Yuchan Mao
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Guohua Li
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Jiangfeng Ye
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250001, China
| | - Fan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Shihua Bao
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Pregnant Women and Endocrine Disruptors: Role of P2X7 Receptor and Mitochondrial Alterations in Placental Cell Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030495. [PMID: 35159304 PMCID: PMC8834275 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In pregnant women, the lungs, skin and placenta are exposed daily to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs induce multiple adverse effects, not only on endocrine organs, but also on non-endocrine organs, with the P2X7 cell death receptor being potentially the common key element. Our objective was first to investigate mechanisms of EDCs toxicity in both endocrine and non-endocrine cells through P2X7 receptor activation, and second, to compare the level of activation in lung, skin and placental cells. In addition, apoptosis in placental cells was studied because the placenta is the most exposed organ to EDCs and has essential endocrine functions. A total of nine EDCs were evaluated on three human cell models. We observed that the P2X7 receptor was not activated by EDCs in lung non-endocrine cells but was activated in skin and placenta cells, with the highest activation in placenta cells. P2X7 receptor activation and apoptosis are pathways shared by all tested EDCs in endocrine placental cells. P2X7 receptor activation along with apoptosis induction could be key elements in understanding endocrine placental and skin disorders induced by EDCs.
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Hou Y, Li S, Xia L, Yang Q, Zhang L, Zhang X, Liu H, Huo R, Cao G, Huang C, Tian X, Sun L, Cao D, Zhang M, Zhang Q, Tang N. Associations of urinary phenolic environmental estrogens exposure with blood glucose levels and gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese pregnant women. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142085. [PMID: 32898782 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are considered to be related to diabetes, but studies of the association between phenolic EDCs and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are limited. OBJECTIVES To assess associations of maternal urinary bisphenol A (BPA), nonylphenol (NP), and 2-tert-octylphenol (2-t-OP) with GDM occurrence. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among 390 Chinese women at 24-28 weeks of gestation. GDM was diagnosed with a 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). BPA, NP, and 2-t-OP concentrations were determined in urine samples. Linear and logistic regression tests evaluated associations of BPA, NP, and 2-t-OP with blood glucose levels and GDM prevalence. RESULTS The 2-t-OP concentrations in GDM patients were significantly higher than in non-GDM women with median values of 2.23 μg/g Cr and 1.79 μg/g Cr, respectively. No significant difference was observed in BPA and NP. Urinary 2-t-OP was positively associated with blood glucose levels after adjustment for several confounding factors and urinary BPA and NP. Higher 2-t-OP levels were associated with higher odds of GDM (OR: 5.78; 95% CI: 2.04, 16.37), whereas higher NP levels were associated with lower odds (OR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.85) in the adjusted models. In addition, compared to the first quartile of 2-t-OP, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for GDM in the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 2.81 (1.23, 6.42), 3.01 (1.30, 6.93), and 5.49 (2.24, 13.46), respectively. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that, for the first time to our knowledge, exposure to 2-t-OP is associated with a higher risk of GDM. However, higher NP exposure is associated with lower GDM risk. Further studies are necessary to affirm the associations of 2-t-OP and NP with GDM, and to elucidate the causality of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Liting Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiaoyun Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huihuan Liu
- Beichen District Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Huo
- Beichen District Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanghan Cao
- Beichen District Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyun Huang
- Beichen District Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiubiao Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lirong Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Deqing Cao
- Central Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Naijun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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14
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Jia L, Chu J, Li J, Ren J, Huang P, Li D. Formaldehyde and VOC emissions from plywood panels bonded with bio-oil phenolic resins. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114819. [PMID: 32559879 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis bio-oil was used to partially substitute for phenol in reacting with formaldehyde for the production of bio-oil phenol formaldehyde plywood (BPFP) panels, with the phenol substitution ratio being 20%, 40%, or 60%. Emissions of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the BPFP panels were studied using solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) followed by headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and were compared to those from the phenol formaldehyde plywood (PFP) panels. The sources for VOCs were analyzed, and the health risks associated with the BPFP were examined. Results showed that at 80 °C: (1) Formaldehyde emissions from the BPFP panels were increased to about 4 times that of PFP; (2) VOCs emissions were significantly reduced by up to 84.9% mainly due to the greatly reduced phenol emissions, although the total number of VOCs was increased from 20 to 35; (3) BPFP presents greatly increased carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks because of its much stronger emissions of formaldehyde, N,N-dimethylformamide, benzofuran, furfural, and many chemicals from the bio-oil. It is highly advisable that the health risks are properly taken care of before the wide application of BPFP, or similar bio-oil based engineered wood products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Jia
- Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Chu
- Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongbing Li
- Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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Suh S, Pham C, Smith J, Mesinkovska NA. The banned sunscreen ingredients and their impact on human health: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol 2020; 59:1033-1042. [PMID: 32108942 PMCID: PMC7648445 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence of high systemic absorption of sunscreen ingredients has raised concerns regarding the safety of sunscreen products. Oxybenzone (BP-3) and octinoxate (OMC), two common sunscreen ingredients, were recently banned in Key West and Hawaii owing to their toxic effects on marine ecosystems. Their impact on human health requires a careful assessment. To summarize the current evidence on the association between the systemic level of BP-3 or OMC and its health impact, a primary literature search was conducted using PubMed database in February 2019. There are 29 studies that address the impact of these ingredients on human health. Studies show that elevated systemic level of BP-3 has no adverse effect on male and female fertility, female reproductive hormone level, adiposity, fetal growth, child's neurodevelopment, and sexual maturation. However, the association of BP-3 level on thyroid hormone, testosterone level, kidney function, and pubertal timing has been reported and prompts further investigations to validate a true association. The systemic absorption of OMC has no reported effect on thyroid and reproductive hormone levels. In conclusion, current evidence is not sufficient to support the causal relationship between the elevated systemic level of BP-3 or OMC and adverse health outcomes. There are either contradictory findings among different studies or an insufficient number of studies to corroborate the observed association. To accurately evaluate the long-term risk of exposure to BP-3 and OMC from sunscreen, a well-designed longitudinal randomized controlled trial needs to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Suh
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Dermatology, Irvine, CA
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland, OH
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Irvine, CA
| | - Christine Pham
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Dermatology, Irvine, CA
| | - Janellen Smith
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Dermatology, Irvine, CA
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Choi KH, Kim H, Kim MH, Kwon HJ. Semiconductor Work and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Associated with Male Workers: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Ann Work Expo Health 2020; 63:870-880. [PMID: 31421636 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxz061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A hazardous work environment in semiconductor factories is a threat to the workers' health. Semiconductor manufacturing characteristically requires young workers, and reproductive toxicity is an important issue. Studies investigating reproductive toxicity among individuals working in the semiconductor manufacturing industry have primarily focused on outcomes in women. Information on the reproductive health of male semiconductor factory workers is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association between workplace exposures among male workers in a Korean semiconductor company and adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS Based on the data from the 2015 Semiconductor Health Survey (SHS), which evaluated the workplace exposures, pregnancy outcomes, and general health of 21 969 employees of the semiconductor industry in South Korea, we included 3868 male workers with 7504 pregnancy outcomes identified by self-reports for this retrospective cohort study. Data regarding the pregnancy outcomes, order of pregnancy, and the years of the outcomes were collected via the SHS questionnaire. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were defined as preterm labor, spontaneous abortion, and stillbirth. Workplace exposures were classified as fabrication, assembly, others, lab, and office work (reference group). A generalized estimating equations model including repeated events of individuals and producing relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the association between workplace exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Analyses were adjusted for work location, spouse's employment in semiconductor production work, educational level, marital status, risky alcohol drinking, smoking status, body mass index, order of pregnancy, and age and year of pregnancy outcome, which were based on a priori decisions. RESULTS The adjusted risk for adverse outcomes was higher [RR (95% CI): 1.47 (1.04, 2.07)] among assembly process workers compared with the office workers. Adjusted risks for adverse outcomes among workers in assembly and fabrication, whose spouses also worked in semiconductor production, were 1.60 (95% CI: 1.04, 2.46) and 1.74 (95% CI: 1.18, 2.57) times higher, respectively, compared with the office workers with spouses not working in semiconductor production. CONCLUSIONS Based on these findings, semiconductor work might be considered a risk factor for reproductive toxicity among male workers, especially for those whose spouses have the same job.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwa Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Ho-Jang Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam, Korea
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Guo J, Wu C, Zhang J, Jiang S, Lv S, Lu D, Qi X, Feng C, Liang W, Chang X, Zhang Y, Xu H, Cao Y, Wang G, Zhou Z. Anthropometric measures at age 3 years in associations with prenatal and postnatal exposures to chlorophenols. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:204-211. [PMID: 31029966 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorophenols (CPs), suspected as endocrine disrupting chemicals, exposure during early life may contribute to body size. However, limited human data with inconsistent findings have examined the developmental effects of CPs exposure. OBJECTIVE To explore associations between prenatal and postnatal CPs exposure and anthropometric parameters in children aged 3 years. METHODS A subset of 377 mother-child pairs with urinary five CP concentrations were enrolled from a prospective birth cohort. Generalized linear models were conducted to evaluate associations of CPs exposure with children's anthropometric measures. RESULTS Maternal urinary 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) concentrations were significantly negatively associated with weight z scores [regression coefficient (β) = -0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.96, -0.05; p = 0.01], weight for height z scores (β = -0.54, 95% CI: -1.02, -0.06; p = 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) z scores (β = -0.53, 95% CI: -1.03, -0.03; p = 0.01) of children aged 3 years, after adjustment for potential confounders and postnatal CPs exposure. In the sex-stratified analyses, these inverse associations remained among boys, while in girls, positive associations of prenatal 2,4,6-TCP exposure with weight for height z scores and BMI z scores were observed. Postnatal exposure to 2,5-diclorophenol (2,5-DCP) was positively associated with weight z scores (β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.50; p = 0.04), after controlling for possible confounders and maternal CPs exposure during pregnancy. Considering potential sex-specific effects, these associations were only observed in girls. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that prenatal 2,4,6-TCP exposure and postnatal 2,5-DCP exposure may have adverse and sex-specific effects on children's physical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiu Guo
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jiming Zhang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shenliang Lv
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dasheng Lu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Xiaojuan Qi
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Weijiu Liang
- Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 39 Yunwushan Road, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 39 Yunwushan Road, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Unit of Biostatistics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, 70182, Sweden
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Siegel M, Krieg S, Shahine L. Endocrine Disruptors and Pregnancy Loss. CURRENT OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13669-019-0258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Huang X, Han X, Huang Z, Yu M, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Xu B, Zhou K, Song L, Wang X, Lu C, Xia Y. Maternal pentachlorophenol exposure induces developmental toxicity mediated by autophagy on pregnancy mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:829-836. [PMID: 30597782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is often used as chlorinated hydrocarbon herbicides and insecticides, which has been suggested that toxicity of carcinogenic effect, teratogenic effect and reproductive system. However, there was still precious known about the underlying molecular mechanism of PCP on mammalian early development. To explore the developmental toxicity of PCP and its potential mechanism, pregnancy ICR mice except controls were exposed to PCP (0.02, 0.2 or 2 mg/kg) during gestation day (GD) 0.5 to GD8.5 in this study. We found that the fetal loss rate was increased and placental chorionic villi structure was disorder in hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) on GD16.5. Meanwhile, autophagosomes were observed in chorionic villi through Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Moreover, the mRNA and/or protein expression of P62, LC3-ІІ/LC3-І and Beclin1 were increased in placenta, indicating the occurrence of autophagy. Then, to further explore the autophagy mechanism, microRNA (miR)-30a-5p, an expression inhibitor of Beclin1, was predicted through bioinformatics predictions and RT-PCR, and it was reduced in PCP-treated mice. Transfection and luciferase reporter gene test were used to verify the interaction between Beclin1 and miR-30a-5p. These results firstly indicate that, PCP exposure could downregulate the expression of miR-30a-5p, and then induced autophagy through upregulation of Beclin1 to result in fetal loss. Our study laid a foundation for understanding the PCP developmental toxicity through autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiumei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhenyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mingming Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Exposure to benzophenone-3 and reproductive toxicity: A systematic review of human and animal studies. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 73:175-183. [PMID: 28844799 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, also known as benzophenone-3 (BP-3), is a commonly used ultraviolet filter in skincare and as a food additive. Large concentrations of similar phenolic compounds have been detected in urine, amniotic fluid, and placental tissue, thereby raising questions about its impact on reproduction. The objective of this paper was to investigate the reproductive toxicity of BP-3 in humans and animals. In humans, studies showed that high levels of BP-3 exposure could be linked to an increase in male birth weight but a decline in female birth weight and male gestational age. In fish, BP-3 exposure resulted in a decline in egg production, hatching, and testosterone, along with a down-regulation of steroidogenic genes. In rats, a decrease in epididymal sperm density and a prolonged estrous cycle for females was observed. These positive associations may be attributed to an altered estrogen and testosterone balance as a result of endocrine disrupting effects of BP-3. However, the current body of literature is limited by non-uniform exposure and outcome measurements in studies both across and within species and future studies will need to be conducted in a standardized fashion to allow for a more significant contribution to the literature that allows for better comparison across studies.
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Chiang C, Mahalingam S, Flaws JA. Environmental Contaminants Affecting Fertility and Somatic Health. Semin Reprod Med 2017; 35:241-249. [PMID: 28658707 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1603569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis review article summarizes the epidemiological findings published between 2011 and 2016 concerning bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, dioxins, pesticides, air pollution, fracking chemicals, triclosan, and parabens and fertility parameters in men (i.e., semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology) as well as fertility parameters in women (i.e., cyclicity, fertility treatment outcomes), pregnancy outcomes (i.e., preterm birth, miscarriage), and reproductive disorders (i.e., polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids). Overall, this review indicates that several environmental toxicants are significantly associated with reduced fertility parameters in men and women as well as several reproductive disorders in women. Although many studies reported that the selected exposures are associated with adverse fertility outcomes, several studies reported null associations. Thus, future studies are still needed to better elucidate the associations and potential mechanisms between these environmental chemicals and fertility outcomes in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catheryne Chiang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Sharada Mahalingam
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
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22
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Zhou Y, Yin G, Asplund L, Stewart K, Rantakokko P, Bignert A, Ruokojärvi P, Kiviranta H, Qiu Y, Ma Z, Bergman Å. Human exposure to PCDDs and their precursors from heron and tern eggs in the Yangtze River Delta indicate PCP origin. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 225:184-192. [PMID: 28371733 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are highly toxic to humans and wildlife. In the present study, PCDD/Fs were analyzed in the eggs of whiskered terns (Chlidonias hybrida), and genetically identified eggs from black-crowned night herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) sampled from two lakes in the Yangtze River Delta area, China. The median toxic equivalent (TEQ) of PCDD/Fs were 280 (range: 95-1500) and 400 (range: 220-1100) pg TEQ g-1 lw (WHO, 1998 for birds) in the eggs of black-crowned night heron and whiskered tern, respectively. Compared to known sources, concentrations of PCDDs relative to the sum of PCDD/Fs in bird eggs, demonstrated high abundance of octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD), 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptaCDD and 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexaCDD indicating pentachlorophenol (PCP), and/or sodium pentachlorophenolate (Na-PCP) as significant sources of the PCDD/Fs. The presence of polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs), hydroxylated and methoxylated polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (OH- and MeO-PCDEs, known impurities in PCP products), corroborates this hypothesis. Further, significant correlations were found between the predominant congener CDE-206, 3'-OH-CDE-207, 2'-MeO-CDE-206 and OCDD, indicating a common origin. Eggs from the two lakes are sometimes used for human consumption. The WHO health-based tolerable intake of PCDD/Fs is exceeded if eggs from the two lakes are consumed regularly on a weekly basis, particularly for children. The TEQs extensively exceed maximum levels for PCDD/Fs in hen eggs and egg products according to EU legislation (2.5 pg TEQ g-1lw). The results suggest immediate action should be taken to manage the contamination, and further studies evaluating the impacts of egg consumption from wild birds in China. Likewise, studies on dioxins and other POPs in common eggs need to be initiated around China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ge Yin
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lillemor Asplund
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kathryn Stewart
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box95, 70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anders Bignert
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Päivi Ruokojärvi
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box95, 70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box95, 70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yanling Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhijun Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Åke Bergman
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Swetox, Karolinska Institute, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-15136 Södertälje, Sweden
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23
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Gyllenhammar I, Glynn A, Jönsson BAG, Lindh CH, Darnerud PO, Svensson K, Lignell S. Diverging temporal trends of human exposure to bisphenols and plastizisers, such as phthalates, caused by substitution of legacy EDCs? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 153:48-54. [PMID: 27898309 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates and phenolic substances were investigated in urine samples from first-time mothers in Uppsala, Sweden, collected between 2009 and 2014. These substances have a comparably fast metabolism and urinary metabolites are predominantly analysed. The main aim was to investigate if measures to decrease production and use of certain phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) have resulted in decreased human exposure, and to determine if exposures to replacement chemicals have increased. Temporal trends were evaluated for metabolites (n=13) of seven phthalates, a phthalate replacer, four different bisphenols, triclosan, one organophosphate-based flame retardant, and for two pesticides. The results showed downward trends of several phthalates which are in the process of being regulated and phased out. Concomitantly, an increasing trend was seen for a metabolite of the phthalate replacer Di-iso-nonylcyclohexane 1,2-dicarboxylate (DiNCH). Bisphenol A (BPA) showed a downward trend, whereas bisphenol F, identified as one of the substitutes for BPA, showed an increasing trend. The decreasing trend of triclosan is likely due to declining use within the EU. Temporal trend studies of urine samples make it possible to investigate human exposure to rapidly metabolised substances and study how measures taken to regulate and replace problematic chemicals affect human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anders Glynn
- National Food Agency, P.O. Box 622, 751 26, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bo A G Jönsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christian H Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sanna Lignell
- National Food Agency, P.O. Box 622, 751 26, Uppsala, Sweden
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24
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Park JH, Hwang MS, Ko A, Jeong DH, Lee JM, Moon G, Lee KS, Kho YH, Shin MK, Lee HS, Kang HS, Suh JH, Hwang IG. Risk assessment based on urinary bisphenol A levels in the general Korean population. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 150:606-615. [PMID: 27016465 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high-volume industrial chemical used in the global production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, which are used in food and drink containers, such as tableware (plates and mugs). Due to its broad applications, BPA has been detected in human blood, urine and breast milk as well as environmental substances, including water, indoor and outdoor air, and dust. Indeed, exposure to high concentrations of BPA can result in a variety of harmful effects, including reproductive toxicity, through a mechanism of endocrine disruption. Our comparison of reported BPA urinary concentrations among different countries revealed that exposures in Korea may be higher than those in other Asian countries and North America, but lower than or similar to those in European countries. The current study included a total of 2044 eligible subjects of all ages. The subjects were evenly divided between males and females (48.58% and 51.42%, respectively). The geometric mean (GM) of pre-adjusted (adjusted) urinary BPA concentrations was 1.83μg/L (2.01μg/g creatinine) for subjects of all ages, and there was no statistically difference in BPA concentrations between males (1.90μg/L, 1.87μg/g creatinine) and females (1.76μg/L, 2.16μg/g creatinine). Multiple regression analysis revealed only one positive association between creatinine pre-adjusted urinary BPA concentration and age (β=-0.0868, p<0.001). The 95th percentile levels of 24-hour recall (HR), food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and estimated daily intake (EDI) through urinary BPA concentrations were 0.14, 0.13, and 0.22μg/kg bw/day, respectively. According to the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS), a tolerable daily intake (tDI) of 20μg/kg bw/day was established for BPA from the available toxicological data. Recently, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) established a temporary TDI of 4μg/kg bw/day based on current toxicological data. By comparing these TDIs with subjects' exposure, we conclude that there are no health concerns for any age group as a result of current levels of dietary exposure to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hong Park
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sil Hwang
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ahra Ko
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hyun Jeong
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Lee
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Guiim Moon
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Lee
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kho
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ki Shin
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seok Lee
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Seung Kang
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyang Suh
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gyun Hwang
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Guo J, Wu C, Lv S, Lu D, Feng C, Qi X, Liang W, Chang X, Xu H, Wang G, Zhou Z. Associations of prenatal exposure to five chlorophenols with adverse birth outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 214:478-484. [PMID: 27131805 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to chlorophenols (CPs) have been linked with adverse health effects on wildlife and humans. This study aimed to evaluate prenatal exposure to five CP compounds using maternal urinary concentrations during pregnancy and the potential associations with birth outcomes of their infants at birth. A total of 1100 mother-newborn pairs were recruited during June 2009 to January 2010 in an agricultural region, China. Urinary concentrations of five CPs from dichlorophenol (DCP) to pentachlorophenol (PCP), namely, 2,5-DCP, 2,4-DCP, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP), 2,4,6-TCP and PCP, were measured using large-volume-injection gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LVI-GC-MS-MS), and associations between CP levels and weight, length as well as head circumference at birth were examined. Median urinary creatinine-adjusted concentrations of 2,5-DCP, 2,4-DCP, 2,4,5-TCP, 2,4,6-TCP and PCP were 3.34 μg/g, 1.03 μg/g, < LOD, 1.78 μg/g and 0.39 μg/g creatinine, respectively. We found lower birth weight 30 g [95% confidence interval (CI): -57, -3; p = 0.03] for per SD increase in log10-transformed concentrations of 2,4,6-TCP and lower birth weight 37 g (95% CI: -64, -10; p = 0.04) for PCP, respectively. Similarly, head circumference decrease in associations with creatinine-corrected 2,4,6-TCP and PCP concentrations were also achieved. Considering sex difference, the associations of lower birth weight were only found among male neonates, while head circumference was associated with 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP only found among female neonates. This study showed significant negative associations between CPs exposure and reduction in neonatal anthropometric measures. The biological mechanisms concerning CPs exposure on fetal growth deserved further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiu Guo
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Shenliang Lv
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Dasheng Lu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Xiaojuan Qi
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399, Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Weijiu Liang
- Changning District, Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.39 Yunwushan Road, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Changning District, Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.39 Yunwushan Road, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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26
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Li D, Li J. Association of miR-34a-3p/5p, miR-141-3p/5p, and miR-24 in Decidual Natural Killer Cells with Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:922-9. [PMID: 26996957 PMCID: PMC4805134 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The specific causes of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) remain unknown in 37-79% of affected women. The aim of this study was to explore the expression levels of 6 miRNAs in natural killer (NK) cells from the decidua of patients with unexplained RSA (URSA) and to predict the target genes of 3 miRNAs. MATERIAL/METHODS Two groups were examined: URSA (n=20) and controls (n=20). Flow cytometry analysis was used to identify NK cells isolated from the decidua. Transcriptional levels of miRNA were monitored using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Prediction and analysis of mRNA targets of differentially expressed miRNAs were performed using bioinformatics methods. RESULTS Five miRNAs [miR-34a (+281%, P<0.001), miR-155 (+396%, P<0.001), miR-141 (+142%, P<0.01), miR-125a (+279%, P<0.001), and miR-125b (+185%, P<0.001)] were up-regulated, while miR-24 was down-regulated (-64%, P<0.01) in the URSA group, compared to the control group. This study identified potential miRNA targets: miR-34a-3p/5p, 585/1718 (targets of miR-34a-3p/targets of miR-34a-5p), miR-141-3p/5p, 2270/629 (targets of miR-141-3p/targets of miR-141-5p), and miR-24, 2320 target genes. A total of 140 pathways related to target genes were identified including PI3K-Akt, focal adhesion, MAPK, Wnt, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, T cell receptor, TGF-β, and estrogen signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that miR-34a-3p/5p, miR-141-3p/5p, and miR-24 in decidual NK cells could be associated with URSA. These findings might contribute to the panel of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers with clinical utility, and facilitate the development of new strategies for targeted therapy against URSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Family Planning, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical Universityy, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Family Planning, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical Universityy, Beijing, China (mainland)
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Hassan H, Schulte-Illingheim L, Jin B, Dai S. Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenol by Bacillus Subtilis with Concurrent Electricity Generation in Microbial Fuel Cell. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Corrales J, Kristofco LA, Steele WB, Yates BS, Breed CS, Williams ES, Brooks BW. Global Assessment of Bisphenol A in the Environment: Review and Analysis of Its Occurrence and Bioaccumulation. Dose Response 2015; 13:1559325815598308. [PMID: 26674671 PMCID: PMC4674187 DOI: 10.1177/1559325815598308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Because bisphenol A (BPA) is a high production volume chemical, we examined over 500 peer-reviewed studies to understand its global distribution in effluent discharges, surface waters, sewage sludge, biosolids, sediments, soils, air, wildlife, and humans. Bisphenol A was largely reported from urban ecosystems in Asia, Europe, and North America; unfortunately, information was lacking from large geographic areas, megacities, and developing countries. When sufficient data were available, probabilistic hazard assessments were performed to understand global environmental quality concerns. Exceedances of Canadian Predicted No Effect Concentrations for aquatic life were >50% for effluents in Asia, Europe, and North America but as high as 80% for surface water reports from Asia. Similarly, maximum concentrations of BPA in sediments from Asia were higher than Europe. Concentrations of BPA in wildlife, mostly for fish, ranged from 0.2 to 13 000 ng/g. We observed 60% and 40% exceedences of median levels by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in Europe and Asia, respectively. These findings highlight the utility of coordinating global sensing of environmental contaminants efforts through integration of environmental monitoring and specimen banking to identify regions for implementation of more robust environmental assessment and management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Corrales
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Lauren A. Kristofco
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - W. Baylor Steele
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Brian S. Yates
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Christopher S. Breed
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - E. Spencer Williams
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Bryan W. Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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Wang C, Zhan Y, Wang F, Li H, Xie L, Liu B, Li Y, Mu D, Zheng H, Zhou K, Hua Y. Parental occupational exposures to endocrine disruptors and the risk of simple isolated congenital heart defects. Pediatr Cardiol 2015; 36:1024-37. [PMID: 25628158 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-015-1116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the associations between parental occupational exposures to endocrine disruptors (EDs) and simple isolated congenital heart defects (CHDs). A case-control study with standardized data collection involving 761 children with isolated CHDs and 609 children without any congenital malformations was conducted in Sichuan Province of China from March in 2012 to August in 2013. An adjusted job exposure matrix was used for occupational EDs exposure assessment. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the associations between parental occupational EDs exposures and CHDs. Maternal age at births, maternal education level, gravity, parity, induced abortion, folic acid use, medication use, drinking capacity and area of residence periconceptionally were selected as confounding factors for mothers. For fathers, we selected the following confounding factors: paternal education level, smoking, drinking frequencies and drinking capacity periconceptionally. Maternal occupational exposures to phthalates are associated with perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PmVSD) (P = 0.001, adjusted OR 3.7, 95 % CI 1.7-8.0), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (P = 0.002, adjusted OR 3.8, 95 % CI 1.6-8.9), secundum atrial septal defect (s-ASD) (P = 0.008, adjusted OR 3.5, 95 % CI 1.4-8.7) and pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) (P = 0.035, adjusted OR 4.2, 95 % CI 1.1-16.0), to alkylphenolic compounds and PmVSD (P = 0.003, adjusted OR 2.2, 95 % CI 1.3-3.6), PDA (P = 0.005, adjusted OR 2.0, 95 % CI 1.1-3.5) and PS (P = 0.004, adjusted OR 3.8, 95 % CI 1.5-9.4), to heavy metals with PmVSD (P = 0.003, adjusted OR 7.3, 95 % CI 2.0-27.6) and s-ASD (P = 0.034, adjusted OR 6.5, 95 % CI 1.1-36.7). Paternal occupational exposures to phthalates are associated with PmVSD (P = 0.035, adjusted OR 1.6, 95 % CI 1.0-2.4) and PS (P = 0.026, adjusted OR 2.4, 95 % CI 1.1-5.2), to alkylphenolic compounds (P = 0.027, adjusted OR 1.5, 95 % CI 1.0-2.2) with PmVSD. In conclusion, parental occupational exposures to some specific EDs, in particular phthalates and alkylphenolic compounds, are associated with an increased risk of some CHD phenotypes. However, the findings need to be considered more circumspectly regarding a crude measure of exposure probabilities and small numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Shen Y, Zheng Y, Jiang J, Liu Y, Luo X, Shen Z, Chen X, Wang Y, Dai Y, Zhao J, Liang H, Chen A, Yuan W. Higher urinary bisphenol A concentration is associated with unexplained recurrent miscarriage risk: evidence from a case-control study in eastern China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127886. [PMID: 26011304 PMCID: PMC4444137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence about the association between Bisphenol A (BPA) and the risk of recurrent miscarriage (RM) in human being is still limited. Objective We evaluated the association of urinary BPA concentrations with RM in human being. Methods A hospital-based 1:2 matched case-control study on RM was carried out in Suzhou and Kunshan in Jiangsu Province in China between August 2008 and November 2011. Total urinary BPA concentrations in 264 eligible urine samples (102 RM patients and 162 controls) were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The Wilcoxon test and conditional logistic regression were used to estimate the differences between the groups and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), respectively. Results The median ± IQR (interquartile range) (P75-P25) values of non-creatinine-adjusted total urinary BPA levels in the RM patients and the controls were 1.66±3.69ng/ml and 0.58±1.07ng/ml, respectively (0.98±2.67μg/g Cr (creatinine) and 0.40±0.77μg/g Cr. The adjusted BPA level was significantly higher in the RM patients than in the controls (Wilcoxon test, Z = 4.476, P<0.001). Higher level of urinary BPA was significantly associated with an increased risk of RM (P-trend <0.001). Compared to the groups with urinary BPA levels less than 0.16μg/g Cr, the women with levels of 0.40–0.93μg/g Cr and 0.93μg/g Cr or above had a significantly higher risk of RM (OR = 3.91, 95%CI: 1.23–12.45 and OR = 9.34, 95%CI: 3.06–28.44) that persisted after adjusting for confounding factors. The time from recently RM date to recruitment does not significantly influence the urinary BPA level (P = 0.090). Conclusion Exposure to BPA may be associated with RM risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yanmin Zheng
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yinmei Liu
- Department of Nosocomial Infection and Disease Control, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaoming Luo
- Maternal and Child Health Bureau of Kunshan, Kunshan 215301, China
| | - Zongji Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yiheng Dai
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Science, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aimin Chen
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States of America
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Science, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai 200032, China
- NPFPC Laboratory of Contraception and Devices, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institute of Reproduction & Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- * E-mail:
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Arbuckle TE, Weiss L, Fisher M, Hauser R, Dumas P, Bérubé R, Neisa A, LeBlanc A, Lang C, Ayotte P, Walker M, Feeley M, Koniecki D, Tawagi G. Maternal and infant exposure to environmental phenols as measured in multiple biological matrices. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 508:575-584. [PMID: 25483107 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of recent national surveys have shown the high prevalence of exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and triclosan (TCS) among the general population; however biomonitoring data for pregnant women and infants are limited. METHODS Women (n=80) were recruited from early prenatal clinics and asked to collect urine samples multiple times during pregnancy and once 2-3 months post-partum. Samples of infant urine and meconium as well as breast milk and infant formula were also collected. Biospecimens were analyzed by GC-MS/MS for BPA, TCS and triclocarban (TCC). RESULTS Triclosan was detected in over 80% of the maternal urines (geometric mean (GM): 21.61 μg/L), 60% of the infant urines (GM: 2.8 μg/L), 46% of the breast milk and 80% of the meconium samples. Triclocarban was rarely detected in any of the biospecimens. Median total BPA concentrations were 1.21 and 0.24 μg/L in maternal and infant urines, respectively. Free BPA was detected in only 11% of infant urine samples. The meconium of female infants had significantly higher concentrations of total BPA and TCS than those of males, while no differences were observed in infant urine concentrations by sex. CONCLUSIONS We found widespread exposure among pregnant women and infants to environmental phenols, with large inter-individual variability in exposure to triclosan. These data will contribute to the risk assessment of these chemicals, especially in susceptible sub-populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tye E Arbuckle
- Population Studies Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa ON, Canada.
| | - Lorelle Weiss
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON, Canada
| | - Mandy Fisher
- Population Studies Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa ON, Canada
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pierre Dumas
- Centre de Toxicologie du Québec (CTQ), Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec (INSPQ), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - René Bérubé
- Centre de Toxicologie du Québec (CTQ), Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec (INSPQ), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Angelica Neisa
- Population Studies Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa ON, Canada
| | - Alain LeBlanc
- Centre de Toxicologie du Québec (CTQ), Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec (INSPQ), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Carly Lang
- Population Studies Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa ON, Canada
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Centre de Toxicologie du Québec (CTQ), Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec (INSPQ), Québec, QC, Canada; Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Centre de recherche du CHU Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mark Walker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON, Canada
| | - Mark Feeley
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Diane Koniecki
- Consumer Product Safety Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - George Tawagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatal Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Soubry A, Hoyo C, Jirtle RL, Murphy SK. A paternal environmental legacy: evidence for epigenetic inheritance through the male germ line. Bioessays 2014; 36:359-71. [PMID: 24431278 PMCID: PMC4047566 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201300113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Literature on maternal exposures and the risk of epigenetic changes or diseases in the offspring is growing. Paternal contributions are often not considered. However, some animal and epidemiologic studies on various contaminants, nutrition, and lifestyle-related conditions suggest a paternal influence on the offspring's future health. The phenotypic outcomes may have been attributed to DNA damage or mutations, but increasing evidence shows that the inheritance of environmentally induced functional changes of the genome, and related disorders, are (also) driven by epigenetic components. In this essay we suggest the existence of epigenetic windows of susceptibility to environmental insults during sperm development. Changes in DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs are viable mechanistic candidates for a non-genetic transfer of paternal environmental information, from maturing germ cell to zygote. Inclusion of paternal factors in future research will ultimately improve the understanding of transgenerational epigenetic plasticity and health-related effects in future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelheid Soubry
- Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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33
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Chen X, Xu B, Han X, Mao Z, Talbot P, Chen M, Du G, Chen A, Liu J, Wang X, Xia Y. Effect of bisphenol A on pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells and differentiation capacity in mouse embryoid bodies. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:2249-55. [PMID: 24090592 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) poses potential risks to reproduction and development. However, the mechanism of BPA's effects on early embryonic development is still unknown. Embryonic stem cells (ESC) and embryoid bodies (EB) provide valuable in vitro models for testing the toxic effects of environmental chemicals in early embryogenesis. In this study, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) were acutely exposed to BPA for 24h, and general cytotoxicity and the effect of BPA on pluripotency were then evaluated. Meanwhile, mouse embryoid bodies (mEB) were exposed to BPA up to 6 days and their differentiation capacity was evaluated. In mESC and mEB, we found that BPA up-regulated pluripotency markers (Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog) at mRNA and/or protein levels. Moreover, BPA increased the mRNA levels of endodermal markers (Gata4,Sox17) and mesodermal markers (Sma,Desmin), and reduced the mRNA levels of ectodermal markers (Nestin,Fgf5) in mEB. Furthermore, microRNA(miR)-134, an expression inhibitor of pluripotency markers including Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, was decreased both in BPA-treated mESC and mEB. These results firstly indicate that BPA may disturb pluripotency in mESC and differentiation of mEB, and may inhibit ectodermal lineage differentiation of mEB while miR-134 may play a key role underlying this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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