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Derrar S, Lo Turco V, Albergamo A, Sgrò B, Ayad MA, Litrenta F, Saim MS, Potortì AG, Aggad H, Rando R, Di Bella G. Study of Physicochemical Quality and Organic Contamination in Algerian Honey. Foods 2024; 13:1413. [PMID: 38731784 PMCID: PMC11083514 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Honey is a natural product extensively consumed in the world for its nutritional and healthy properties. However, residues of pesticides and environmental contaminants can compromise its quality. For this reason, the physicochemical parameters, and the organic contamination of monofloral and multifloral honey from three regions of Algeria (Tiaret, Laghouat, and Tindouf) were monitored to evaluate the quality of the honey and its safety for consumers. In general, the results obtained from the physicochemical analyses were in line with the EU standards. In terms of contamination, pesticides authorised and used in Algerian agriculture (metalaxyl-M and cyromazine), as well as a banned pesticide (carbaryl), were found in almost all the samples. However, only the concentration of cyromazine was higher than the relative EU maximum residue levels. PCB 180, PCB 189, anthracene, fluorene, and phenanthrene were mainly detected. All the honey shows traces of DiBP, DBP, DEHP, and DEHT, but no traces of bisphenols were found. Moreover, according to the dietary exposure assessment, a small amount of Algerian honey can be safely consumed. Overall, the data from this study should motivate the Algerian government to enhance their monitoring activities in beekeeping and to find solutions for implementing more sustainable agricultural practices harmonising with international legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Derrar
- Laboratoire d’Hygiène et Pathologie Animale, Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; (S.D.); (M.A.A.); (M.S.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Vincenzo Lo Turco
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.L.T.); (F.L.); (A.G.P.); (R.R.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Ambrogina Albergamo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.L.T.); (F.L.); (A.G.P.); (R.R.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Benedetta Sgrò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Mohamed Amine Ayad
- Laboratoire d’Hygiène et Pathologie Animale, Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; (S.D.); (M.A.A.); (M.S.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Federica Litrenta
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.L.T.); (F.L.); (A.G.P.); (R.R.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Mohamed Said Saim
- Laboratoire d’Hygiène et Pathologie Animale, Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; (S.D.); (M.A.A.); (M.S.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Angela Giorgia Potortì
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.L.T.); (F.L.); (A.G.P.); (R.R.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Hebib Aggad
- Laboratoire d’Hygiène et Pathologie Animale, Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; (S.D.); (M.A.A.); (M.S.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Rossana Rando
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.L.T.); (F.L.); (A.G.P.); (R.R.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.L.T.); (F.L.); (A.G.P.); (R.R.); (G.D.B.)
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Lee H, An G, Park J, You J, Song G, Lim W. Mevinphos induces developmental defects via inflammation, apoptosis, and altered MAPK and Akt signaling pathways in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 275:109768. [PMID: 37858660 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Mevinphos, an organophosphate insecticide, is widely used to control pests and enhance crop yield. Because of its high solubility, it can easily flow into water and threaten the aquatic environment, and it is known to be hazardous to non-target organisms. However, little is known about its developmental toxicity and the underlying toxic mechanisms. In this study, we utilized zebrafish, which is frequently used for toxicological research to estimate the toxicity in other aquatic organisms or vertebrates including humans, to elucidate the developmental defects induced by mevinphos. Here, we observed that mevinphos induced various phenotypical abnormalities, such as diminished eyes and head sizes, shortened body length, loss of swim bladder, and increased pericardiac edema. Also, exposure to mevinphos triggered inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA fragmentation in zebrafish larvae. In addition, MAPK and Akt signaling pathways, which control apoptosis, inflammation, and proper development of various organs, were also altered by the treatment of mevinphos. Furthermore, these factors induced various organ defects which were confirmed by various transgenic models. We identified neuronal toxicity through transgenic olig2:dsRed zebrafish, cardiovascular toxicity through transgenic fli1:eGFP zebrafish, and hepatotoxicity and pancreatic toxicity through transgenic lfabp:dsRed;elastase:GFP zebrafish. Overall, our results elucidated the developmental toxicities of mevinphos in zebrafish and provided the parameters for the assessment of toxicities in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojun Lee
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeankyoung You
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Butovskaya E, Gasparini M, Angelone B, Cancemi G, Tranquillo V, Prestini G, Bosi F, Menotta S. Occurrence of Glyphosate and Other Polar Pesticides in Honey from Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna Regions in Italy: Three-Year Monitoring Results. Foods 2023; 12:4448. [PMID: 38137252 PMCID: PMC10742983 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive agricultural practices, such as pesticides use, may negatively affect bee health and hive products. Glyphosate is one of the most widely used polar pesticides applied in crops for weed control. In this study, honey samples, collected from beekeeping farms located in the Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna regions in Italy in the framework of regional monitoring plans activated from 2020 to 2022, were analyzed for the presence of residues of polar pesticides. The analytical method based on ion chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry was applied to quantify glyphosate, glufosinate, ethephon, fosetyl aluminum, and their related metabolites. Residues of glyphosate were detected in around 28% of analyzed honey samples. Observations on the distribution of the honey-production-site locations suggest that honey samples originating from the provinces within the Lombardy region, where the agricultural sector is highly developed, were more affected by glyphosate contamination than the samples collected from the areas with low agricultural activity, where no glyphosate residues were detected over the three years of the monitoring program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Butovskaya
- Food and Feed Chemistry Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (B.A.); (G.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Mara Gasparini
- Food and Feed Chemistry Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (B.A.); (G.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Barbara Angelone
- Food and Feed Chemistry Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (B.A.); (G.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Gabriella Cancemi
- Food and Feed Chemistry Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (B.A.); (G.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Vito Tranquillo
- Programmazione dei Servizi e Controllo di Gestione, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Prestini
- Dipartimento Veterinario e Sicurezza degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, ATS della BRIANZA, Viale Elvezia 2, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Filippo Bosi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale della Romagna–Ravenna, via Fiume Montone Abbandonato 134, 48100 Ravenna, Italy;
| | - Simonetta Menotta
- Food and Feed Chemistry Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (B.A.); (G.C.); (S.M.)
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Mititelu M, Udeanu DI, Docea AO, Tsatsakis A, Calina D, Arsene AL, Nedelescu M, Neacsu SM, Bruno Ștefan Velescu, Ghica M. New method for risk assessment in environmental health: The paradigm of heavy metals in honey. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:115194. [PMID: 36587723 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The release of heavy metals into the natural environment creates problems due to their persistence. They can accumulate in the food chain presenting a dangerous sign for ecosystems and human health. The metals in honey could be of agrochemical or industrial origin. Regular consumption of honey and bee products contaminated with various pollutants in high concentrations can cause serious health problems due accumulation of toxic substances in the body. In the current study, we aimed to determine the concentrations of chromium, cadmium, zinc, copper, lead and nickel in four types of honey (linden, acacia, rapeseed and polyfloral honey) and soil collected from three regions with different degrees of pollution. For the risk characterization, we used a new methodology that calculated the corrected estimated daily intake and the source hazard quotient for each metal and the adversity-specific hazard index. There was a strong influence of the degree of environmental pollution on the level of contaminants in the honey samples. In the case of a single chemical assessment, an HQ above 10 was obtained for Cd in linden, rapeseed and polyfloral honey from area 1 and an HQ above 1 was obtained for Cd in the other honey samples from the 3 areas, for Cu in all honey samples from all the 3 areas, for Pb in linden, rapeseed and polyfloral honey from area 1 and for Cr in linden honey for area 2. HIA calculated as a sum of all HQS of heavy metals in food reveals an increase and moderate risk for nephrotoxicity, bone demineralisation, cardiotoxicity, developmental toxicity, small decrease in body weight or body weight gain after consumption of honey impurified with heavy metals. A strict monitorization of heavy metals in honey samples from farmers should be done in order to protect the consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Hygiene Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Denisa Ioana Udeanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Hygiene Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.
| | - Andreea Letitia Arsene
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mirela Nedelescu
- Department of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 020956, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Food Hygiene and Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health, National Centre for Envi-ronmental Hazards Monitoring, 1-3 Dr. Leonte Street, 020956, Bucharest, Romania.
| | | | - Bruno Ștefan Velescu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bu-charest, Romania.
| | - Manuela Ghica
- Department of Mathematics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
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Wang Q, Ruan Z, Jing L, Guo Z, Zhang X, Liu J, Tian L, Sun W, Song S, Hong JS, Shih YYI, Hou L, Wang Q. Complement receptor 3-mediated neurotoxic glial activation contributes to rotenone-induced cognitive decline in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115550. [PMID: 37832486 PMCID: PMC10807506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Microglia-mediated chronic neuroinflammation has been associated with cognitive decline induced by rotenone, a well-known neurotoxic pesticide used in agriculture. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. This work aimed to elucidate the role of complement receptor 3 (CR3), a highly expressed receptor in microglia, in cognitive deficits induced by rotenone. Rotenone up-regulated the expression of CR3 in the hippocampus and cortex area of mice. CR3 deficiency markedly ameliorated rotenone-induced cognitive impairments, neurodegeneration and phosphorylation (Ser129) of α-synuclein in mice. CR3 deficiency also attenuated rotenone-stimulated microglial M1 activation. In microglial cells, siRNA-mediated knockdown of CR3 impeded, while CR3 activation induced by LL-37 exacerbated, rotenone-induced microglial M1 activation. Mechanistically, CR3 deficiency blocked rotenone-induced activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and STAT3 signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB or STAT3 but not STAT1 was confirmed to suppress microglial M1 activation elicited by rotenone. Further study revealed that CR3 deficiency or knockdown also reduced rotenone-induced expression of C3, an A1 astrocyte marker, and production of microglial C1q, TNFα and IL-1α, a cocktail for activated microglia to induce neurotoxic A1 astrocytes, via NF-κB and STAT3 pathways. Finally, a small molecule modulator of CR3 efficiently mitigated rotenone-elicited cognitive deficits in mice even administered after the establishment of cognitive dysfunction. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that CR3 is a key factor in mediating neurotoxic glial activation and subsequent cognitive impairments in rotenone-treated mice, giving novel insights into the immunopathogenesis of cognitive impairments in pesticide-related Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Wang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhengzheng Ruan
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lu Jing
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ziyang Guo
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Neuropharmacology Section, Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jianing Liu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lu Tian
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Sheng Song
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jau-Shyong Hong
- Neuropharmacology Section, Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liyan Hou
- Dalian Medical University Library, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qingshan Wang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R & D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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Bischoff K, Moiseff J. The role of the veterinary diagnostic toxicologist in apiary health. J Vet Diagn Invest 2023; 35:597-616. [PMID: 37815239 PMCID: PMC10621547 DOI: 10.1177/10406387231203965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility of individuals and groups to toxicants depends on complex interactions involving the host, environment, and other exposures. Apiary diagnostic investigation and honey bee health are truly population medicine: the colony is the patient. Here we provide basic information on the application of toxicology to the testing of domestic honey bees, and, in light of recent research, expand on some of the challenges of interpreting analytical chemistry findings as they pertain to hive health. The hive is an efficiently organized system of wax cells used to store brood, honey, and bee bread, and is protected by the bee-procured antimicrobial compound propolis. Toxicants can affect individual workers outside or inside the hive, with disease processes that range from acute to chronic and subclinical to lethal. Toxicants can impact brood and contaminate honey, bee bread, and structural wax. We provide an overview of important natural and synthetic toxicants to which honey bees are exposed; behavioral, husbandry, and external environmental factors influencing exposure; short- and long-term impacts of toxicant exposure on individual bee and colony health; and the convergent impacts of stress, nutrition, infectious disease, and toxicant exposures on colony health. Current and potential future toxicology testing options are included. Common contaminants in apiary products consumed or used by humans (honey, wax, pollen), their sources, and the potential need for product testing are also noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyn Bischoff
- New York State Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Moiseff
- New York State Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Boakye RG, Stanley DA, White B. Honey contamination from plant protection products approved for cocoa (Theobroma cacao) cultivation: A systematic review of existing research and methods. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280175. [PMID: 37878562 PMCID: PMC10599517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The main component of chocolate, cocoa (Theobroma cacao), is a significant commercial agricultural plant that directly sustains the livelihoods of an estimated forty to fifty million people. The economies of many cocoa producing nations, particularly those in the developing world, are supported by cocoa export revenue. To ensure satisfactory yields, however, the plant is usually intensely treated with pesticides because it is vulnerable to disease and pest attacks. Even though pesticides help protect the cocoa plant, unintended environmental contamination is also likely. Honey, produced from nectar obtained by honeybees from flowers while foraging, can serve as a good indicator for the level of pesticide residues and environmental pesticide build-up in landscapes. Here, we use a systematic literature review to quantify the extent of research on residues of pesticides used in cocoa cultivation in honey. In 81% of the 104 studies examined for this analysis, 169 distinct compounds were detected. Imidacloprid was the most frequently detected pesticide, making neonicotinoids the most frequently found class of pesticides overall. However, in cocoa producing countries, organophosphates, organochlorines, and pyrethroids were the most frequently detected pesticides. Interestingly, only 19% of studies were carried out in cocoa producing countries. We recommend prioritizing more research in the countries that produce cocoa to help to understand the potential impact of pesticide residues linked with cocoa cultivation in honey and the environment more generally to inform better pesticide usage, human health, and environmental policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G. Boakye
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dara A. Stanley
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Blanaid White
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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8
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Paloschi CL, Tavares MHF, Berte EA, Model K, Rosa KM, Conceição FGD, Domanski FR, de Souza Vismara E, Montanher PF, Maciel RMA, Ribeiro LDS, Ramos Mertz N, Sampaio SC, Costa FM, Lozano ER, Potrich M. Imidacloprid: Impact on Africanized Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers and honey contamination. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139591. [PMID: 37478982 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is fundamental in the production chain, ensuring food diversity through the ecosystem service of pollination. The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of imidacloprid, orally, topically, and by contact, on A. mellifera workers and to verify the presence of this active ingredient in honey. Toxicity levels were verified by bioassays. In bioassay 1, the levels correspond to the percentages of 100, 10, 1, 0.1, and 0.01% of the recommended concentration for field application of the commercial product Nortox® (active ingredient imidacloprid), with which we obtained the mean lethal concentration (LC50) in 48 h for A. mellifera, determining the concentration ranges to be used in the subsequent bioassays. Bioassays 2 and 3 followed the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, which specify the LC50 (48 h). In bioassay 4, the LC50 (48 h) and the survival rate of bees for a period of 120 h were determined by contact with a surface contaminated with imidacloprid, and in bioassay 5, the interference of the insecticide with the flight behavior of bees was evaluated. Honey samples were collected in agroecological and conventional georeferenced apiaries and traces of the imidacloprid were detected by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV) with extraction by SPE C18. Bee survival was directly affected by the concentration and exposure time, as well behavioral performance, demonstrating the residual effect of imidacloprid on A. mellifera workers. Honey samples from a conventional apiary showed detection above the maximum residue limits (MRL) allowed by the European Union (0.05 μg mL-1), but samples from other apiaries showed no traces of this insecticide. Imidacloprid affects the survival rate and behavior of Africanized A. mellifera and honey quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kathleen Model
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michele Potrich
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, Brazil.
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He L, Zhang J, Shen L, Ji X, Li R. Occurrence of pesticide residues in honey from apiaries with incidents of honeybee poisoning in East China and a corresponding risk assessment for honeybees and Chinese consumers. J Food Sci 2023. [PMID: 37326343 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the occurrence of 80 pesticide residues in 96 honey samples from apiaries with honeybee poisoning incidences by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and subsequently conducted risk assessments of exposure for in-hive honeybees and Chinese consumers. Six pesticides were detected with residue concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 130.9 µg/kg. The mean concentrations of acetamiprid, dinotefuran, hexythiazox, propargite, semiamitraz, and carbendazim in positive samples were 7.9 ± 9.1, 5.9 ± 1.7, 3.0 ± 1.6, 44.2 ± 50.0, 9.0 ± 9.4, and 5.5 ± 4.1 µg/kg, respectively. Carbendazim, semiamitraz, and acetamiprid were the major contaminants in honey, with incidences of 99.0%, 93.8%, and 49.0%, respectively. The cooccurrence of pesticides (≥2 pesticides) was detected in 95.9% of the samples, with up to six residual pesticides found in one sample. The HQ (hazard quotient) values of the six pesticides to in-hive honeybees were from 4.7 × 10-8 to 0.021, less than 1, indicating their acceptable exposure risk to honeybees. In terms of the representative-case and worst-case scenarios, the sum of separate HQs of each pesticide yielding an HI (hazard index) ranged from 0.012 to 0.016 for in-hive worker honeybees and from 0.015 to 0.021 for in-hive larva honeybees, indicating an overall acceptable potential cumulative risk of multiple pesticides to in-hive honeybees. Both the %ARfD (acute reference dose) value (0.0001-0.075) and %ADI (acceptable daily intake) value (0.00002-0.0046) of risky pesticides were much less than 100, revealing acceptable risk exposure to risky pesticides via honey consumption for human health. Thus, our results showed that multipesticide residual honey from apiaries with honeybee poisoning incidents in East China was safe for humans and in-hive honeybees. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This analytical approach will be used in detecting multiple pesticide residues in honey and risk assessment for dietary exposure to pesticide residues. It can support various surveillance programs about honey safety and in-hive honeybee health evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- Animal Experiment Center; The Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Tongxiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing, P. R. China
| | - Leiding Shen
- Agricultural Economic Service Center, Jiaxing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Ji
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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10
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Zergui A, Boudalia S, Joseph ML. Heavy metals in honey and poultry eggs as indicators of environmental pollution and potential risks to human health. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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11
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Fuente-Ballesteros A, Brugnerotto P, Costa ACO, Nozal MJ, Ares AM, Bernal J. Determination of acaricides in honeys from different botanical origins by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2023; 408:135245. [PMID: 36549154 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An analytical method has been proposed and validated to determine seven acaricides (atrazine, chlorpyrifos, chlorfenvinphos, α-endosulfan, bromopropylate, coumaphos, and τ-fluvalinate) in honeys from different botanical origins (multifloral, heather and rosemary) by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An efficient and simple sample treatment was proposed that involved a solvent extraction with an ethyl acetate and cyclohexane (50:50, v/v) mixture. Chromatographic analysis (<25 min) was performed in a DB-5MS column under programmed temperature conditions. The method was validated in terms of selectivity, limits of detection (0.2-2.0 µg kg-1) and quantification (0.5-7.6 µg kg-1), linearity (limit of quantification-700 (heather) or 800 (multifloral and rosemary) µg kg-1), matrix effect (<20 % in most cases), trueness (recoveries between 81 % and 108 %), and precision (relative standard deviation < 15 %). Finally, of the seven acaricides investigated in several honey samples only τ-fluvalinate residues (<limit of quantification - 23 µg kg-1) were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Fuente-Ballesteros
- I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Patricia Brugnerotto
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Ana C O Costa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88034-001, Brazil
| | - María J Nozal
- I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana M Ares
- I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Bernal
- I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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12
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Monitoring Moroccan Honeys: Physicochemical Properties and Contamination Pattern. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050969. [PMID: 36900486 PMCID: PMC10000722 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical traits and an array of organic and inorganic contaminants were monitored in monofloral honeys (i.e., jujube [Ziziphus lotus], sweet orange [Citrus sinensis], PGI Euphorbia [Euphorbia resinifera] and Globularia alyphum) from the Moroccan Béni Mellal-Khénifra region (i.e., Khénifra, Beni Méllal, Azlal and Fquih Ben Salah provinces). Moroccan honeys were in line with the physicochemical standards set by the European Union. However, a critical contamination pattern has been outlined. In fact, jujube, sweet orange, and PGI Euphorbia honeys contained pesticides, such as acephate, dimethoate, diazinon, alachlor, carbofuran and fenthion sulfoxide, higher than the relative EU Maximum Residue Levels. The banned 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) and 2,2',3,4,4',5,5'-heptachlorobiphenyl (PCB180) were detected in all samples and quantified in jujube, sweet orange and PGI Euphorbia honeys; while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as chrysene and fluorene, stood out for their higher contents in jujube and sweet orange honeys. Considering plasticizers, all honeys showed an excessive amount of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), when (improperly) considering the relative EU Specific Migration Limit. Furthermore, sweet orange, PGI Euphorbia and G. alypum honeys were characterized by Pb exceeding the EU Maximum Level. Overall, data from this study may encourage Moroccan governmental bodies to strengthen their monitoring activity in beekeeping and to find suitable solutions for implementing more sustainable agricultural practices.
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13
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Sari MF, Esen F. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Residues in the Honeybee, Honey, and Pollen and Estimation of Atmospheric Concentrations in Bursa, Turkey. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2023.2174996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ferhat Sari
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Fatma Esen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey
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14
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Surma M, Sadowska-Rociek A, Draszanowska A. Levels of Contamination by Pesticide Residues, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in Honeys Retailed in Europe. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 84:165-178. [PMID: 36592191 PMCID: PMC9968705 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-022-00970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Honey is consumed worldwide because of its nutritional, therapeutic and medicinal properties. Generally, honey should reach the consumer in a pure form, but it is often contaminated in various ways. Thus, this study was designed to check for the presence of pesticide residues, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels, and the content of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in selected European honeys (26 samples) obtained from shops. The most frequently detected organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) was 4,4'-DDD, which was found in fourteen honey samples. Slovakian rapeseed honey was most polluted due to the presence of eight OCPs. The presence of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) was detected in all the analysed samples, and at least one OP in each tested sample exceeded the acceptable limit. PAHs were detected in most of the analysed samples. As for PAH4s, benzo[a]pyrene was found in forest honey from Slovakia and in Polish lime tree honey, whereas wild flower honey from the UK contained the highest level of PAH4. The investigated honeys from Spain and France met the requirements for HMF content, while honeys of Slovak, Italian and Polish origin in most cases exceeded the established levels (40 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Surma
- Department of Plant Products Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Ul. Balicka 122, 30-149, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Sadowska-Rociek
- Department of Plant Products Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Ul. Balicka 122, 30-149, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Draszanowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Ul. Słoneczna 45 F, 10-710, Olsztyn, Poland
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15
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Sari MF, Esen F. Concentration levels and an assessment of human health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in honey and pollen. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:66913-66921. [PMID: 35513623 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20545-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) accumulate in the food chain due to their physical and chemical properties and adversely affect human health. For this reason, this study aimed to determine the PAH and PCB concentration levels in pollen and honey samples in urban and semi-urban areas and to evaluate the risk of cancer that may occur by ingestion in Bursa, Turkey. The average total concentrations of 14 PAH (∑14PAH) compounds in pollen and honey samples were found to be 304.3 ± 192.3 ng/g (average ± standard deviation) and 650.2 ± 118.1 ng/g for the urban area, and 329.6 ± 160.6 ng/g and 464.3 ± 66.4 ng/g for the semi-urban area, respectively. Similarly, ∑14PCB concentrations in pollen and honey samples were found to be 8.7 ± 3.6 ng/g and 13.0 ± 4.8 ng/g for the urban area and 7.7 ± 2.2 ng/g and 17.4 ± 4.0 ng/g for the semi-urban area, respectively. It was determined that the pollen and honey samples in both sampling areas were affected by local PCB sources. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) method determined the relationship between pollen and honey samples. According to the PCC values obtained, it was observed that pollen and honey in both sampling regions exhibited a significant relationship with each other. Finally, while there was no cancer risk for PCBs due to ingestion of honey and pollen in both sampling areas, acceptable cancer risk has been calculated for PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ferhat Sari
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Fatma Esen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey.
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16
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Rondeau S, Raine NE. Fungicides and bees: a review of exposure and risk. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 165:107311. [PMID: 35714526 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides account for more than 35% of the global pesticide market and their use is predicted to increase in the future. While fungicides are commonly applied during bloom when bees are likely foraging on crops, whether real-world exposure to these chemicals - alone or in combination with other stressors - constitutes a threat to the health of bees is still the subject of great uncertainty. The first step in estimating the risks of exposure to fungicides for bees is to understand how and to what extent bees are exposed to these active ingredients. Here we review the current knowledge that exists about exposure to fungicides that bees experience in the field, and link quantitative data on exposure to acute and chronic risk of lethal endpoints for honey bees (Apis mellifera). From the 702 publications we screened, 76 studies contained quantitative data on residue detections in honey bee matrices, and a further 47 provided qualitative information about exposure for a range of bee taxa through various routes. We compiled data for 90 fungicides and metabolites that have been detected in honey, beebread, pollen, beeswax, and the bodies of honey bees. The risks posed to honey bees by fungicide residues was estimated through the EPA Risk Quotient (RQ) approach. Based on residue concentrations detected in honey and pollen/beebread, none of the reported fungicides exceeded the levels of concern (LOC) set by regulatory agencies for acute risk, while 3 and 12 fungicides exceeded the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) chronic LOC for honey bees and wild bees, respectively. When considering exposure to all bees, fungicides of most concern include many broad-spectrum systemic fungicides, as well as the widely used broad-spectrum contact fungicide chlorothalonil. In addition to providing a detailed overview of the frequency and extent of fungicide residue detections in the bee environment, we identified important research gaps and suggest future directions to move towards a more comprehensive understanding and mitigation of the risks of exposure to fungicides for bees, including synergistic risks of co-exposure to fungicides and other pesticides or pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Rondeau
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Nigel E Raine
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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17
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Zhang JW, Wang D, Zhang Z, Lu XX, Du YS, Zheng YU, Du SS. Chemical Composition and Insecticidal Properties of Essential Oil Obtained from Artemesia songarica Schrenk. J Food Prot 2022; 85:686-692. [PMID: 35051268 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Artemisia songarica Schrenk is a dominant sand fixation plant growing in the People's Republic of China. At present, there are rare studies on the chemical composition and biological activity of A. songarica. The chemical composition of the original oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and 16 compounds were determined. The main compounds were bisabolol oxide II (28.7%), nerolidol (18.6%), bisabolol (12.9%), bisaboloxide A (10.0%), and spathulenol (6.0%). The contact toxicity and repellent activity of A. songarica essential oil and four selected compounds (bisabolol, geranyl butyrate, nerolidol, and santalol) were assessed against Tribolium castaneum Herbst and Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel. Bioassays showed that the crude essential oil exhibited strong insecticide and repellent activities against both pests. Santalol possessed the strongest contact toxicity (50% lethal dose [LD50] = 1.29 μg per adult) against T. castaneum. Nerolidol, santalol, and geranyl butyrate showed fair contact activity against L. bostrychophila. In particular, geranyl butyrate exhibited outstanding activity (LD50 = 11.53 μg/cm2). In addition, all of the four compounds did not detect a difference between compounds and the positive control (P > 0.05) against two pests at five tested concentrations. These results indicated that A. songarica and its selected compounds could be used as prospective insecticidal and repellent agents for further development and use. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Beijing City University, No. 269 North 4th Ring Middle Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Xin Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Shen Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Y U Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Shan Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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18
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Quality Control of Different Types of Honey and Propolis Collected from Romanian Accredited Beekeepers and Consumer’s Risk Assessment. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Honey is a natural product recognized and appreciated for its nutritional value and therapeutic potential. However, the quality of bee honey is essential because various contaminants can seriously affect consumers’ health. In the experimental part of the work, we analyzed different types of honey (linden, black locust, rapeseed and multifloral honey) and propolis, which were collected from Romanian accredited beekeepers who placed beehives in two areas characterized by different industrial activity: area 1 (A1) is an area with intense industrial activity, with other industries existing nearby, including a refinery, while area 2 (A2) is entirely devoid of industrial activity, but with moderate agricultural activity. A total of 144 samples were collected, twelve samples for each variety of honey, propolis and soil, corresponding to each area analyzed. In addition, seven heavy metals and three pesticides were tested for in the samples collected. Finally, the correlation between the degree of contamination with soil pollutants and the contamination of the bee products harvested from the analyzed areas was studied. Cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and the sum of DDT metabolites exceeded the maximum allowable levels in honey samples, with differences between different types of honey.
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19
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Parinet J. Predicting reversed-phase liquid chromatographic retention times of pesticides by deep neural networks. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08563. [PMID: 34950792 PMCID: PMC8671870 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To be able to predict reversed phase liquid chromatographic (RPLC) retention times of contaminants is an asset in order to solve food contamination issues. The development of quantitative structure-retention relationship models (QSRR) requires selection of the best molecular descriptors and machine-learning algorithms. In the present work, two main approaches have been tested and compared, one based on an extensive literature review to select the best set of molecular descriptors (16), and a second with diverse strategies in order to select among 1545 molecular descriptors (MD), 16 MD. In both cases, a deep neural network (DNN) were optimized through a gridsearch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Parinet
- Université de Paris-Est, ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
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20
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Nowak A, Nowak I. Review of harmful chemical pollutants of environmental origin in honey and bee products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-23. [PMID: 34904474 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2012752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Honey is a natural food with many pro-health properties, which comprises a wide variety of valuable ingredients. It can also be the source of chemical contaminants of environmental origin, including POPs that can contribute to adverse health effects to human. Monitoring the degree of pollution of honey/bee products with hazardous chemicals is important from a nutraceutical point of view. In the present work, overview of recent literature data on chemical pollutants in honey/bee products originating from the environment was performed. Their MLs, MRLs and EDI were discussed. It can be concluded that huge amount of research concerned on the presence of TMs and pesticides in honey. Most of the studies have shown that honey/bee products sampled from urban and industrialized areas were more contaminated than these sampled from ecological and rural locations. More pollutants were usually detected in propolis and bee pollen than in honey. Based on their research and regulations, authors stated, that most of the toxic pollutants of environmental origin in honey/bee products are at levels that do not pose a threat to the health of the potential consumer. The greatest concern relates to pesticides and TMs, because in some research MLs in individual samples were highly exceeded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Nowak
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Nowak
- Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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21
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Lasheras RJ, Lázaro R, Burillo JC, Bayarri S. Occurrence of Pesticide Residues in Spanish Honey Measured by QuEChERS Method Followed by Liquid and Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102262. [PMID: 34681314 PMCID: PMC8534991 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the QuEChERS extraction method with slight modifications, followed by liquid and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, was applied for the determination of 399 pesticide residues in 91 raw honey samples from northeastern Spain. The quality control procedure established in Document No. SANTE/12682/2019 was successfully followed: the responses in reagent blank and blank honey samples were below 30% of the reporting limit (0.01 mg kg−1) for all analysed compounds, the correlation coefficients (R2) were higher than 0.99 in most calibration curves, the deviation of back-calculated concentration from the true concentration was below ±20% (using the standard of 50 μg L−1 concentration), and the recoveries of spiked samples on matrix were within the range of 70–120% for almost all analytes. Only chlorfenvinphos (2–7.8 ng/g) and coumaphos (8.8–37 ng/g) were detected in 13 samples, and neither were observed to exceed their maximum residue limits (MRLs). Dietary risk assessment for pesticide residues in honey above their lowest calibrated level (LCL) was performed, and two different age groups, adults and infants, were considered as populations at risk. The contribution of honey lay far below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) for both pesticide residues. Therefore, according to our results, honey is unlikely to pose concerns for consumer health in terms of its contribution to dietary long-term exposure. However, to maintain the level of compliance, pesticide residues in honey should be continuously monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Jesús Lasheras
- Laboratorio Agroambiental, Unidad Técnica de Residuos Fitosanitarios, Gobierno de Aragón, Avenida de Montañana 1005, 50071 Zaragoza, Spain; (R.J.L.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Regina Lázaro
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Zaragoza—CITA, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Juan Carlos Burillo
- Laboratorio Agroambiental, Unidad Técnica de Residuos Fitosanitarios, Gobierno de Aragón, Avenida de Montañana 1005, 50071 Zaragoza, Spain; (R.J.L.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Susana Bayarri
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Zaragoza—CITA, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
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22
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Simsek I, Kuzukiran O, Yurdakok-Dikmen B, Sireli UT, Beykaya M, Filazi A. Comparison of selected lipophilic compound residues in honey and propolis. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Xu Y, Hu A, Li Y, He Y, Xu J, Lu Z. Determination and occurrence of bisphenol A and thirteen structural analogs in soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130232. [PMID: 33774255 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A is a phenolic plasticizer used in the production of various plastic products. Its endocrine-disrupting effects on ecological and human health lead to replacement with its structural analogs. The occurrence of these analogs in the soil environment, which is an important sink for bisphenols, has been rarely reported. In this study, a robust method was developed to determine bisphenol A and 13 analogs in soil using accelerated solvent extraction combined with in-line purification for fast and efficient extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for simultaneous and accurate quantification. The method detection limits of 14 bisphenols were between 0.01 and 0.39 ng g-1, and the recoveries were in the range of 80%-120%. The developed method was applied to 29 agricultural and urban soil samples from 21 provinces in China, and 12 bisphenols were detected. Among them, the contents of bisphenol A, F, and P were up to 166.0, 212.9, and 78.2 ng g-1 dry weight, respectively. The maximum concentration of bisphenol P was at least ten times higher than literature values in food and other environmental matrices. The results of this study showed that "hot spots" existed for bisphenol pollution in soil and that further investigations were necessary to avoid regrettable substitutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Ailun Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yiren Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yan He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Zhijiang Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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24
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Parinet J. Prediction of pesticide retention time in reversed-phase liquid chromatography using quantitative-structure retention relationship models: A comparative study of seven molecular descriptors datasets. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:130036. [PMID: 33676277 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Predicting chromatographic retention times of pesticides has become more and more important for suspect and non-target screening. Indeed, high-resolution mass spectrometry hyphenated (HRMS) to liquid chromatography (LC) are of growing interest for research and monitoring of pesticides, their metabolites and transformation products. The development of quantitative structure-retention relationship models require selecting the most adequate and best set of molecular descriptors and the best machine-learning algorithm. Here, we used seven molecular descriptor sets extracted from four well-known studies and applied them to roughly 800 pesticides and their chromatographic reversed-phase retention times. We used and optimized five different machine-learning algorithms with these descriptor sets to carry out predictions. Our results show that a support-vector machine regression algorithm with only eight molecular descriptors gave the best compromise between the number of molecular descriptors, processing time and model complexity to optimize prediction performance for this specific gradient LC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Parinet
- Université de Paris-Est, ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
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Bommuraj V, Birenboim M, Chen Y, Barel S, Shimshoni JA. Depletion kinetics and concentration- and time-dependent toxicity of a tertiary mixture of amitraz and its major hydrolysis products in honeybees. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129923. [PMID: 33607494 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although amitraz is one of the acaricides most commonly applied within beehives, to date, its time-dependent oral toxicity in honeybees has not been investigated, due to amitraz's instability in aqueous media. In aqueous media such as honey, amitraz rapidly forms a continuously changing tertiary mixture with two of its major hydrolysis products, DMF and DMPF. The contribution of each hydrolysis product to the overall oral toxicity of this acaricide is not known. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the depletion and formation kinetics of amitraz and its hydrolysis products in 50% sucrose solution provided to caged honeybees, including the calculation of the 50% lethal oral concentration (LC50) of amitraz. We sought to determine the contribution of each component of the mixture to the overall observed toxicity. We also investigated the time- and concentration-dependent toxicity of the amitraz mixture and its hydrolysis products. A novel approach based on the analysis of the areas under the depletion and formation curves of amitraz and its hydrolysis products revealed that DMPF, amitraz and DMF accounted for 92%, 7% and 1% (respectively) of the overall toxicity of the mixture. The chronic oral LC50 of amitraz was 3300 μmol/L, of similar magnitude as that of the non-toxic hydrolysis product DMF. The toxicity of DMPF and the mixture decreased over time; whereas the toxicity of DMF increased over time. Amitraz's instability in aqueous media and the highly toxic profile of DMPF, suggest that DMPF is the actual toxic entity responsible for amitraz's toxicity toward honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayakumar Bommuraj
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZiyyon, 7505101, Israel
| | - Matan Birenboim
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZiyyon, 7505101, Israel
| | - Yaira Chen
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZiyyon, 7505101, Israel
| | - Shimon Barel
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, Department of Toxicology, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Jakob A Shimshoni
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZiyyon, 7505101, Israel.
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Ben Mukiibi S, Nyanzi SA, Kwetegyeka J, Olisah C, Taiwo AM, Mubiru E, Tebandeke E, Matovu H, Odongo S, Abayi JJM, Ngeno EC, Sillanpää M, Ssebugere P. Organochlorine pesticide residues in Uganda's honey as a bioindicator of environmental contamination and reproductive health implications to consumers. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 214:112094. [PMID: 33677382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Honey has multifaceted nutritional and medicinal values; however, its quality is hinged on the floral origin of the nectar. Taking advantage of the large areas that they cover; honeybees are often used as bioindicators of environmental contamination. The focus of the present paper was to examine the quality of honey from within the vicinity of an abandoned pesticide store in Masindi District in western Uganda. Surficial soils (<20 cm depths) and honey samples were collected from within the vicinity of the abandoned pesticide store and analysed for organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues using gas chromatograph coupled to an electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The mean level of ∑DDTs in all the soil samples was 503.6 µg/kg dry weight (d.w). ∑DDTs contributed 92.2% to the ∑OCPs contamination loads in the soil samples, and others (lindane, aldrin, dieldrin, and endosulfans) contributed only 7.8%. Ratio (p, p'-DDE+p, p'-DDD)/p, p'-DDT of 1.54 suggested historical DDT input in the area. In all the honey samples, the mean level of ∑DDTs was 20.9 µg/kg. ∑DDTs contributed 43.3% to ∑OCPs contamination loads in the honey samples, followed by lindane (29.8%), endosulfans (23.6%) and dieldrin (3.2%), with corresponding mean levels of 14.4, 11.4 and 1.55 µg/kg, respectively. Reproductive risk assessment was done based on the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) procedure. In our study, the calculated HIs for adults (102.38), and children (90.33) suggested high potential health risks to the honey consumers. Lindane, endosulfan and p, p'-DDD detected in the honey samples at levels exceeding the acute reference dose (ARfD) are known risk factors for spontaneous abortion, reduced implantation, menstrual cycle shortening, impaired semen quality, and prostate cancer in exposed individuals and experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Ben Mukiibi
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Steven Allan Nyanzi
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Justus Kwetegyeka
- Department of Chemistry, Kyambogo University, P.O. Box 1, Kyambogo, Uganda
| | - Chijioke Olisah
- Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Adewale Matthew Taiwo
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Edward Mubiru
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Emmanuel Tebandeke
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Henry Matovu
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Silver Odongo
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Mika Sillanpää
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Patrick Ssebugere
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
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Seraglio SKT, Schulz M, Brugnerotto P, Silva B, Gonzaga LV, Fett R, Costa ACO. Quality, composition and health-protective properties of citrus honey: A review. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110268. [PMID: 33992369 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Citrus honey is one of the most important monofloral honeys produced and consumed worldwide. This honey has pleasant sensorial characteristics, which include light color and typical aroma and flavor. Besides that, several constituents such as minerals, phenolic and volatile compounds, amino acids, sugars, enzymes, vitamins, methylglyoxal and organic acids are found in citrus honey. Moreover, potential biological properties have been associated with citrus honey. All these factors make it highly desired by consumers, increasing its market value, which can stimulates the practice of fraud. Also, citrus honey is susceptible to contamination and to inadequate processing. All these factors can compromise the quality, safety and authenticity of citrus honey. In this sense, this review aims to update and to discuss, for the first time, the data available in the literature about the physicochemical and the sensorial characteristics, composition, health properties, contamination, authenticity and adulteration of citrus honey. With this background, we aim to provide data that can guide future researches related to this honey.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mayara Schulz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brugnerotto
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Bibiana Silva
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciano Valdemiro Gonzaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Oliveira Costa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Bommuraj V, Chen Y, Birenboim M, Barel S, Shimshoni JA. Concentration- and time-dependent toxicity of commonly encountered pesticides and pesticide mixtures to honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128974. [PMID: 33228988 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees are exposed to a wide range of pesticides for long periods via contaminated water, pollen and nectar. Some of those pesticides might constitute health hazards in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Time-dependent toxicity profiles for many applied pesticides are lacking, despite the fact that such profiles are crucial for toxicological evaluations. Therefore, we sought to determine the time-dependent toxicities of pesticides/pesticide metabolites frequently found in Israeli beehives, namely, amitraz metabolites, N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamidine (DMPF) and N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-formamide (DMF), coumaphos, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, acetamiprid and dimethoate (toxic reference). By applying accepted methodological approaches such as the modified Haber's rule (product of concentration and exposure duration leads to a constant effect) and comparisons between cumulative doses at different time points, we determined the time-dependent toxicities of these pesticides. We also studied the mixture toxicities of frequently occurring pesticide combinations and estimated their potential contributions to the overall toxicities of neonicotinoids. Thiacloprid was the only pesticide that complied with Haber's rule. DMPF, dimethoate and imidacloprid exhibited time-diminished -toxicities. In contrast, DMF and acetamiprid exhibited time-reinforced toxicities. Neither the binary mixtures nor the tertiary mixtures of DMF, DMPF and coumaphos at 10 times their environmentally relevant concentrations potentiated the neonicotinoids' toxicities. DMPF and imidacloprid were found to present the greatest hazard to honeybees, based on their 50% lethal cumulative dose and 50% lethal time. Amitraz's instability, its low detection frequency and high toxicity profile of its metabolite, DMPF, lead us to the conclusion that DMPF constitutes the actual toxic entity responsible for amitraz's toxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayakumar Bommuraj
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Yaira Chen
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Matan Birenboim
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Shimon Barel
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, Department of Toxicology, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Jakob A Shimshoni
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
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29
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Dos Santos M, Vareli CS, Janisch B, Pizzutti IR, Fortes J, Sautter CK, Costabeber IH. Contamination of polychlorinated biphenyls in honey from the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:452-463. [PMID: 33459200 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1865578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants are characterised by their chemical structure, environmental persistence and toxicity to human and wildlife populations. The production of these chemicals is regulated and restricted. However, they continue to be detected in the environment. In this study, the occurrence of 11 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs 28, 52, 77, 81, 101, 118, 126, 138, 153, 169, and 180) was investigated in 90 honey samples produced in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The samples were from different municipalities, production systems and floral origins. Extraction was performed using the modified QuEChERS method (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) followed by gas chromatography with micro-electron capture detector. The results showed the presence of four congeners (PCBs 28, 77, 81, 101) in 15 honey samples confirming the environmental contamination in Southern Brazil. Among the contaminated samples, no significant differences were identified regarding the production system and floral origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Dos Santos
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Catiucia S Vareli
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Bárbara Janisch
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Ionara R Pizzutti
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Juciane Fortes
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Kaehler Sautter
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Ijoni H Costabeber
- Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
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de Sousa PAR, Squissato AL, Munoz RAA, Coelho LM, de Melo EI, da Silva RAB. Cloud-point extraction associated with voltammetry: preconcentration and elimination of the sample matrix for trace determination of methyl parathion in honey. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5801-5814. [PMID: 33319873 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02057e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the association of cloud point extraction (CPE) and electroanalysis for the selective and sensitive determination of methyl parathion (MP) in honey. The CPE step provided the pre-concentration of MP from a complex sample, in which the optimized extraction parameters (Triton X-100 concentration of 0.75% w/v, NaCl concentration of 1.0% w/v and heating time of 30 min) were investigated using a factorial design (23). The detection of MP was performed using a cathodically pre-treated boron-doped diamond (BDD) working electrode and square wave voltammetry (SWV), after a suitable dilution of the CPE extract in Britton-Robinson buffer pH 6.0 as the supporting electrolyte. MP presented three electrochemical processes over the BDD surface, but only the reduction peak at around -0.7 V was monitored for the MP determination (higher detectability). Improved reproducibility was reached by applying an in situ cleaning step (+2.0 V for 15 s) followed by a re-activation process (-2.0 V for 15 s) between measurements. Using the optimized variables, a linear range between 0.1 and 2.0 μmol L-1 was obtained for MP with a limit of detection of 0.006 μmol L-1, a 6-fold lower value when compared with the value attained without the CPE step. The experimental enrichment factor of MP was 6.1. Also, the optimized CPE allowed the determination of MP in honey samples with good accuracy (recovery between 94 and 106%), which was not possible using direct detection (without CPE) due to the matrix interference. This is the first paper that demonstrates the combination of CPE and electroanalysis for the determination of an organic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila A R de Sousa
- Federal University of Goias, Av. Dr. Lamartine Pinto de Avelar, 1120, Catalão, GO, Brazil
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31
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Panseri S, Bonerba E, Nobile M, Di Cesare F, Mosconi G, Cecati F, Arioli F, Tantillo G, Chiesa L. Pesticides and Environmental Contaminants in Organic Honeys According to Their Different Productive Areas toward Food Safety Protection. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121863. [PMID: 33327474 PMCID: PMC7764946 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring contaminant residues in honey helps to avoid risks to human health, as it is a natural product widely consumed in all population groups, including the most vulnerable, such as children and the elderly. This is important for organic honey production that may be negatively influenced by geographical area pollution. Considering the importance of collecting data on the occurrence of various xenobiotics in different geographical areas, this study aimed to investigate the presence of contaminant residues (persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and pesticides, including glyphosate and metabolites) in organic honey samples from different production areas using different analytical methods, in order to confirm their incidence and possible impact on the food safety traits of organic production. Regarding POPs, traces of benzofluoroanthene and chrysene were detected in honey from intensive orchards and arable lands. Traces of all polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) congeners were detected at different percentages in almost all of the samples, regardless of the origin area. Traces of polybromodiphenylethers (PBDE 28, 33, and 47) were found in different percentages of samples from all of the geographical areas examined. Traces of organochlorines (OCs) and organophosphates (OPs) were identified in honey samples belonging to all of the geographical areas. No glyphosate, glufosinate, and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) residues were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Panseri
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (M.N.); (G.M.); (F.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Bonerba
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Strada P.le per Casamassima Km3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy;
| | - Maria Nobile
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (M.N.); (G.M.); (F.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Federica Di Cesare
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (M.N.); (G.M.); (F.A.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Giacomo Mosconi
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (M.N.); (G.M.); (F.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Francisco Cecati
- INTEQUI-CONICET, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, Almirante Brown 1455, San Luis 5700, CP, Argentina;
| | - Francesco Arioli
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (M.N.); (G.M.); (F.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Giuseppina Tantillo
- Department Interdisciplinary of Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Luca Chiesa
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (M.N.); (G.M.); (F.A.); (L.C.)
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32
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Gao M, Gao Y, Chen G, Huang X, Xu X, Lv J, Wang J, Xu D, Liu G. Recent Advances and Future Trends in the Detection of Contaminants by Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Food Samples. Front Chem 2020; 8:616326. [PMID: 33335893 PMCID: PMC7736048 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.616326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug residues, organic dyes, heavy metals, and other chemical pollutants not only cause environmental pollution, but also have a serious impact on food safety. Timely and systematic summary of the latest scientific advances is of great importance for the development of new detection technologies. In particular, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can mimic antibodies, enzymes and other biological molecules to recognize, enrich, and separate contaminants, with specific recognition, selective adsorption, high affinity, and strong resistance characteristics. Therefore, MIPs have been widely used in chemical analysis, sensing, and material adsorption. In this review, we first describe the basic principles and production processes of molecularly imprinted polymers. Secondly, an overview of recent applications of molecularly imprinted polymers in sample pre-treatment, sensors, chromatographic separation, and mimetic enzymes is highlighted. Finally, a brief assessment of current technical issues and future trends in molecularly imprinted polymers is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Donghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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VegeT: An Easy Tool to Classify and Facilitate the Management of Seminatural Grasslands and Dynamically Connected Vegetation of the Alps. LAND 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/land9120473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alpine pastures and meadows are agroecosystems of biological, cultural-historical, and economic importance that are undergoing profound imbalances and which are in a rapid decline due to changes in management and/or abandonment. The European Union is making efforts to protect this heritage and resource. However, the dialog among the different professionals in charge of studying and managing these agroecosystems needs to be as easy and comprehensible as possible for grasslands conservation/restoration actions to be successful. This research introduces VegeT, an easy-to-use tool to facilitate information transfer between botanists and practitioners responsible for providing guidelines for the correct management of mountain grasslands. VegeT is a Microsoft Excel® worksheet that allows the classification of seminatural grasslands and dynamically connected vegetation (shrublands and forests) of the Alps employing two ecological indexes: the index of nutrients (N) and the index of mowing tolerance (MV). VegeT was elaborated upon the floristic-ecological analysis of the vegetation of Taleggio Valley (Italian Alps) performed applying multivariate analysis techniques. From the analyses, it emerged that N and MV are the main variables on which to base a classification system of alpine mountain grasslands and dynamically connected vegetation able to facilitate the interpretation of floristic-vegetation data and to return useful information for management decisions.
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El-Nahhal Y. Pesticide residues in honey and their potential reproductive toxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:139953. [PMID: 32599396 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Honey is the sweet natural substance produced by honeybees. It may be contaminated with pesticide residues due to its intensive use. Almost no reviews have addressed pesticide residues in honey, calculated a hazard index or discussed their potential reproductive toxicity. The focus of this article is primarily to summarize advances in research related to pesticide residues, estimate daily intake of pesticide residues from consuming honey only and discuss the potential reproductive toxicity associated with those residues. The results showed that 92 pesticide residues were found in honey samples from 27 countries. Six residues belong to class IA toxicity, eight residues belong to class IB toxicity, 42 residues belong to class II, 35 residues belong to class III and one residue belong to class IV toxicity. The calculated hazard indices (HIs) suggest high potential health risk by consuming honey. In addition, residues found in honey are known to impair semen quality among exposed individuals and experimental animal models. In conclusion, consumption of honey as one of many food items contaminated with pesticide residues may induce male and female reproductive toxicity in consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser El-Nahhal
- Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, The Islamic University-Gaza, Palestine.
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35
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Hu M, Tan H, Li Y, Qiu J, Liu L, Zeng D. Simultaneous determination of tiafenacil and its six metabolites in fruits using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2020; 327:127015. [PMID: 32434124 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bonerba E, Panseri S, Arioli F, Nobile M, Terio V, Di Cesare F, Tantillo G, Maria Chiesa L. Determination of antibiotic residues in honey in relation to different potential sources and relevance for food inspection. Food Chem 2020; 334:127575. [PMID: 32707361 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Honey contaminations could derive from intensive agriculture and industrial activities, but also from beekeeper treatments. In EU no MRLs for antibiotics in honey are set, only a minimum required performance limit for chloramphenicol of 0.3 μg kg-1 is recommended. Screening tests are available, characterised by their rapidity and simple use. Due to their high rate of false positives and the need to meet zero tolerance levels for antibiotics, their presence in samples was investigated using a liquid chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) multiclass antibiotic residue method, comparing the results with those of previous screening tests. The confirmatory method showed good sensitivity: CCα and CCβ ranging from 0.03 to 4.80 ng g-1 and from 0.12 to 5.56 ng g-1, respectively. Ninety-eight honey samples from different geographical areas, analysed by two screening tests, showed a high percentage of false positives. This is fundamental to guarantee honey safety, especially, for organic production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Bonerba
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Strada P.le per Casamassima Km3, Valenzano 70010, Bari (BA), Italy
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan (MI), Italy
| | - Francesco Arioli
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan (MI), Italy
| | - Maria Nobile
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan (MI), Italy.
| | - Valentina Terio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Strada P.le per Casamassima Km3, Valenzano 70010, Bari (BA), Italy
| | - Federica Di Cesare
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan (MI), Italy
| | - Giuseppina Tantillo
- Department Interdisciplinary of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11 - 70124, Bari (BA), Italy
| | - Luca Maria Chiesa
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan (MI), Italy
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Mudhoo A, Ramasamy DL, Bhatnagar A, Usman M, Sillanpää M. An analysis of the versatility and effectiveness of composts for sequestering heavy metal ions, dyes and xenobiotics from soils and aqueous milieus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110587. [PMID: 32325327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The persistence and bioaccumulation of environmental pollutants in water bodies, soils and living tissues remain alarmingly related to environmental protection and ecosystem restoration. Adsorption-based techniques appear highly competent in sequestering several environmental pollutants. In this review, the recent research findings reported on the assessments of composts and compost-amended soils as adsorbents of heavy metal ions, dye molecules and xenobiotics have been appraised. This review demonstrates clearly the high adsorption capacities of composts for umpteen environmental pollutants at the lab-scale. The main inferences from this review are that utilization of composts for the removal of heavy metal ions, dye molecules and xenobiotics from aqueous environments and soils is particularly worthwhile and efficient at the laboratory scale, and the adsorption behaviors and effectiveness of compost-type adsorbents for agrochemicals (e.g. herbicides and insecticides) vary considerably because of variabilities in structure, topology, bond connectivity, distribution of functional groups and interactions of xenobiotics with the active humic substances in composts. Compost-based field-scale remediation of environmental pollutants is still sparse and arguably much challenging to implement if, furthermore, real-world soil and water contamination issues are to be addressed effectively. Hence, significant research and process development efforts should be promptly geared and intensified in this direction by extrapolating the lab-scale findings in a cost-effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ackmez Mudhoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit, 80837, Mauritius.
| | - Deepika Lakshmi Ramasamy
- Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Muhammad Usman
- PEIE Research Chair for the Development of Industrial Estates and Free Zones, Center for Environmental Studies and Research, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, QLD, Australia.
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Kasianchuk N, Berhilevych O, Negay I, Dimitrijevich L, Marenkova T. FEATURES OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES RESIDUES ACCUMULATION IN MELLIFEROUS PLANTS, BEE POLLEN AND HONEY. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.15673/fst.v14i1.1640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Honey is natural product, which is produced by honeybees and due to contain of minerals, vitamins, simple sugars, organic acids, antioxidants and enzymes, it is considered as product with good nutritional and therapeutic properties. All beneficial characteristics of honey are reduced if it is contaminated with extraneous chemicals include pesticides. The purpose of this research was to study pesticides residues accumulation in the flowers of different types of melliferous plants, bee pollen and honey obtained from Odessa Region during 2015–2017 years. A total of 121 samples of flowers of melliferous plants and trees, 78 samples of bee pollen and 104 samples of honey were investigated with gas-liquid chromatography method. We found that all investigated samples were positive to such organochlorine pesticides as α, β, γ–isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane and dichlorodiphenyltrichloromethylmethane and its derivatives in different concentration. Our studies determined that high level of organochlorine pesticides was in samples of sunflower flowers whith average concentrations of α, β, γ–isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane 7.51±0.04 μg/kg, and DDT 6.98±0.02 μg/kg. Flowers of buckwheat and others field herbs (including as wild herbs as fodder crops) had even less concentration of these pesticides. Besides, the obtained results show that in the flowers of fruit trees (cherry, apple, pear, cherry, peach, cherry plum) had less concentration of studied pesticides in compere to forest trees (white acacia, linden). The results of bee pollen and honey samples examination have shown the same situation. The highest concentration of α, β, γ–isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane and dichlorodiphenyltrichloromethylmethane was in sample from sunflower origine with average consentration 3.52±0.05 and 3.77±0.03 μg/kg in bee pollen, 2.74±0.01 and 2.53±0.03μg/kg in honey respectively. However, the detected concentrations of pesticide residues in all samples were lower than the maxim admissibile limits, according to national and EU standards. Despite this, we suggest that regularly monitoring of pesticide residues in melliferous plants and apiculture products at national level need to grantee of quality and safety of honey and protection of consumers` health.
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Picos-Corrales LA, Sarmiento-Sánchez JI, Ruelas-Leyva JP, Crini G, Hermosillo-Ochoa E, Gutierrez-Montes JA. Environment-Friendly Approach toward the Treatment of Raw Agricultural Wastewater and River Water via Flocculation Using Chitosan and Bean Straw Flour as Bioflocculants. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:3943-3951. [PMID: 32149221 PMCID: PMC7057335 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is a growing concern regarding water remediation from agricultural and domestic wastewaters. Among water treatment methods, flocculation is a widely used approach. In this study, the bioflocculation of wastewaters from Sinaloa (Mexico) was examined using two bioflocculants: chitosan and bean straw flour (BSF). The jar-test results showed that chitosan exhibited high effectiveness in pollutant removal from different sampling zones (agricultural wastewater and river water). Additionally, this bioflocculant reduced remarkably the concentration of Mn and Fe. On the other hand, BSF showed high effectiveness in pollutant removal for a specific type of wastewater, being highly competitive as compared to chitosan. Besides, BSF led to 40% of Mn removal from highly contaminated river water samples. For both biomaterials, bioflocculation was driven by charge neutralization and sweep flocculation mechanisms. For a given agricultural wastewater sample, both bioflocculants performed better than the commercial poly(aluminum chloride) for pH regulation and Fe removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo A. Picos-Corrales
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacan, Sinaloa 80013, Mexico
- E-mail: . Phone: +52(667) 713-7860
| | - Juan I. Sarmiento-Sánchez
- Facultad
de Ingeniería Culiacan, Universidad
Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacan, Sinaloa 80013, Mexico
| | - Jose P. Ruelas-Leyva
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacan, Sinaloa 80013, Mexico
| | - Grégorio Crini
- Laboratoire
Chrono-Environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté,
UMR 6249, 16 Route de
Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Eduardo Hermosillo-Ochoa
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacan, Sinaloa 80013, Mexico
| | - J. Ariel Gutierrez-Montes
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacan, Sinaloa 80013, Mexico
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Sari MF, Gurkan Ayyildiz E, Esen F. Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in honeybee, pollen, and honey samples from urban and semi-urban areas in Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:4414-4422. [PMID: 31832954 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, honeybees and bee products such as pollen and honey have been used as bioindicators for monitoring environmental pollution. Unfortunately, there are few studies about polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in honeybees and bee products from Turkey. Honeybee and pollen samples were taken between May and September 2017, and honey samples were taken between July and September 2017 at urban and semi-urban areas in Bursa (Turkey). PCB concentrations measured by gas chromatography-microelectron capture detector (GC-μECD) were found to be 135.46 ± 6.53, 81.47 ± 23.52, and 106.35 ± 21.60 ng g-1 dry weight (dw) for honeybee, pollen, and honey samples in the urban area, respectively; and 126.35 ± 26.54, 67.57 ± 27.34, and 118.88 ± 55.28 ng g-1 dw for honeybee, pollen, and honey samples in the semi-urban area, respectively. Pearson correlation was made between meteorological parameters and pollutant concentrations. According to the correlation results, a significant relationship was found between the pollen and honey results and the total cloudiness and temperature in the semi-urban area. The coefficient of divergence (COD) and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) methods were applied to determine the similarities and differences between the pollutant concentrations and sources of the two areas and the temporal variation. According to these two methods, PCB concentrations and emission sources in honeybee and pollen samples in urban and semi-urban areas were generally different in May and June, and similar in August and September.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ferhat Sari
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Emine Gurkan Ayyildiz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Fatma Esen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey.
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Obesogenic effects of chlorpyrifos and its metabolites during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 137:111171. [PMID: 32017950 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus pesticide widely and extensively used in agriculture in more than one hundred countries and found ubiquitously in the environment. The present study was aimed at providing a better understanding of the obesogenic potential of CPF and its metabolites, as well as to evaluate their effects on the adipocyte differentiation process. For it, during the initial differentiation process, 3T3-L1 mouse preadipocytes were exposed to different concentrations of CPF, CPF-oxon (CPO), or 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCP), which did not affect cell survival. Results showed how CPF and, to a lesser extent, its metabolite TCP, had a positive metabolic influence over the adipogenic process by fostering an increase in the number of differentiated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, and by enhancing the capacity to store lipid droplets. These processes seem to occur through the upregulation of the transcription factors CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which are related to a significant higher expression of the fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) adipokine. Based on this finding, CPF exposure could be one of the many factors that contributes to the worldwide increase in the incidence of obesity. However, additional investigations are clearly needed.
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42
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Raimets R, Bontšutšnaja A, Bartkevics V, Pugajeva I, Kaart T, Puusepp L, Pihlik P, Keres I, Viinalass H, Mänd M, Karise R. Pesticide residues in beehive matrices are dependent on collection time and matrix type but independent of proportion of foraged oilseed rape and agricultural land in foraging territory. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124555. [PMID: 31454746 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residues in bee products is still a major issue. However, the relations to botanical source and land use characteristics are not clear. The large variability of residues detected questions the suitability of bee-collected- and other hive materials as indicators for environmental contamination. The aim of our study was to clarify whether different beehive matrices contain similar pesticide residues, and how these are correlated with forage preferences and land use types in foraging areas. We tested bee-collected pollen, beebread, honey, nurse bees and honey bee larvae for the presence of concurrently used agricultural pesticides in Estonia. Samples were collected at the end of May and mid-July to include the main crop in northern region - winter and spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus). We saw that different beehive matrices contained various types of pesticide residues in different proportions: pollen and beebread tended to contain more insecticides and fungicides, whereas herbicides represented the primary contaminant in honey. The variations were related to collection year and time but were not related to crops as basic forage resource nor the land use type. We found few positive correlations between amount of pesticides and proportion of pollen from any particular plant family. None of these correlations were related to any land-use type. We conclude that pesticide residues in different honey bee colony components vary largely in amount and composition. The occurrence rate of pesticide residues was not linked to any particular crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risto Raimets
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian Univesity of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Anna Bontšutšnaja
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian Univesity of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vadims Bartkevics
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes Street 3, Riga, LV-1076, Latvia
| | - Iveta Pugajeva
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes Street 3, Riga, LV-1076, Latvia
| | - Tanel Kaart
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liisa Puusepp
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University, Uus-Sadama 5, 10120, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Priit Pihlik
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Indrek Keres
- Department of Field Crops and Grassland Husbandry, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian Univesity of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Haldja Viinalass
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marika Mänd
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian Univesity of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reet Karise
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian Univesity of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
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44
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Li J, Shan J, Kong Z, Fan C, Zhang Z, Fan B. Determining multi‐pesticide residues in teas by dispersive solid‐phase extraction combined with speed‐regulated directly suspended droplet microextraction followed by gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:486-495. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxun Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment on Agro‐products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Agro‐products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing P. R. China
- Agro‐product Safety Research CenterChinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Beijing P. R. China
| | - Jihao Shan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment on Agro‐products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Agro‐products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Kong
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment on Agro‐products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Agro‐products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing P. R. China
| | - Chunlin Fan
- Agro‐product Safety Research CenterChinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Beijing P. R. China
| | - Zijuan Zhang
- Agro‐product Safety Research CenterChinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Beijing P. R. China
| | - Bei Fan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment on Agro‐products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Agro‐products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing P. R. China
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Baša Česnik H, Kmecl V, Velikonja Bolta Š. Pesticide and veterinary drug residues in honey - validation of methods and a survey of organic and conventional honeys from Slovenia. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 36:1358-1375. [PMID: 31287377 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1631492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Four analytical methods were developed and validated for the determination of veterinary drug residues and environmental pesticide residues in honey: (a) GC-MS method for the analysis of amitraz and all metabolites containing the 2,4-dimethylaniline moiety; (b) GC-MS method for the analysis of thymol, chlorfenvinphos and coumaphos; (c) GC-MS method for the analysis of 75 active substances; (d) LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of 60 active substances. Between the GC-MS (method c) and the LC-MS/MS method (method d) there was no overlap among active substances, meaning that using both methods 135 active substances originating from the environment in total were included and validated. The first method involved hydrolysis of amitraz and its metabolites containing the 2,4-dimethylaniline moiety to 2,4-dimethylaniline and extraction of 2,4-dimethylaniline to n-hexane. The other three methods had the same extraction procedure with a mixture of solvents: acetone, dichloromethane and petroleum ether. All 4 methods were tested in practice. Sixty samples of honey were analysed: 22 from organic and 38 from conventional production. Overall, residues were mainly higher than reported in literature but did not exceed MRLs. Risk assessment confirmed that the analysed samples are of no cause for concern for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Baša Česnik
- Central Laboratories, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kmecl
- Central Laboratories, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia , Ljubljana , Slovenia
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Al-Alam J, Chbani A, Faljoun Z, Millet M. The use of vegetation, bees, and snails as important tools for the biomonitoring of atmospheric pollution-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:9391-9408. [PMID: 30715709 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The continuous discharge of diverse chemical products in the environment is nowadays of great concern to the whole world as some of them persist in the environment leading to serious diseases. Several sampling techniques have been used for the characterization of this chemical pollution, although biomonitoring using natural samplers has recently become the technique of choice in this field due to its efficiency, specificity, and low cost. In fact, several living organisms known as biomonitors could accumulate the well-known persistent environmental pollutants allowing their monitoring in the environment. In this work, a review on environmental biomonitoring is presented. The main sampling techniques used for monitoring environmental pollutants are first reported, followed by an overview on well-known natural species used as passive samplers and known as biomonitors. These species include conifer needles, lichen, mosses, bees and their byproducts, and snails, and were widely used in recent research as reliable monitors for environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Al-Alam
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Asma Chbani
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Public Health III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Faljoun
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Sciences III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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47
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Gómez-Ramos MM, Ucles S, Ferrer C, Fernández-Alba AR, Hernando MD. Exploration of environmental contaminants in honeybees using GC-TOF-MS and GC-Orbitrap-MS. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:232-244. [PMID: 30081361 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study reports an analytical approach by gas chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) intended to be used for investigation of non-targeted environmental contaminants in honeybees. The approach involves a generic extraction and analysis with two GC-HRMS systems: time-of-flight and Orbitrap analyzers, GC-TOF-MS, and GC-Orbitrap-MS operated in electron-impact ionization (EI) mode. The workflow for screening of non-targeted contaminants consisted of initial peak detection by deconvolution and matching the first-stage mass spectra EI-MS with a nominal mass spectral library. To gain further confidence in the structural characterization of the contaminants under investigation, molecular formula of representative ions (molecular and fragment ions) was provided for those with an accurate mass scoring (error < 5 ppm). This methology was applied for screening environmental contaminants in 75 samples of adult honeybee. This approach has provided the tentative identification of environmental contaminants belonging to different chemical groups, among them, PAHs, phthalates and synthetic musks. Residues of veterinary treatments used in apiculture were also detected in the honeybee samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Gómez-Ramos
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - S Ucles
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - C Ferrer
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A R Fernández-Alba
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M D Hernando
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology - INIA, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Liu M, Tang F, Yang Z, Xu J, Yang X. Recent Progress on Gold-Nanocluster-Based Fluorescent Probe for Environmental Analysis and Biological Sensing. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:1095148. [PMID: 30719370 PMCID: PMC6334364 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1095148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are one of metal nanoclusters, which play a pivotal role in the recent advances in the research of fluorescent probes for their fluorescence effect. They are favored by most researchers due to their strong stability in fluorescence and adjustability in fluorescence wavelength when compared to traditional organic fluorescent dyes. In this review, we introduce various synthesis strategies of gold-nanocluster-based fluorescent probes and summarize their application for environmental analysis and biological sensing. The use of gold-nanocluster-based fluorescent probes for the analysis of heavy metals and inorganic and organic pollutants is covered in the environmental analysis while biological labeling, imaging, and detection are presented in biological sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Fenglin Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Zhengli Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Jing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Xiupei Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
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Bargańska Ż, Konieczka P, Namieśnik J. Comparison of Two Methods for the Determination of Selected Pesticides in Honey and Honeybee Samples. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102582. [PMID: 30304845 PMCID: PMC6222677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Developed and validated analytical methods for the determination of a wide spectrum of pesticide residues in honey and honeybee samples after the modification of QuEChERS extraction in combination with gas chromatography–tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and liquid chromatography–tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were discussed and compared. The developed methods were evaluated regarding the utilized equipment and reagents using Eco-Scale and compared in terms of extraction time, accuracy, precision, sensitivity and versatility, with similar procedures. The results proved that the QuEChERS protocol in combination with LC and GC techniques fulfills the requirements of green analytical chemistry, so it can be used as a tool in environmental monitoring. The recovery was 85–116% for honey and 85.5–103.5% for honeybee samples. The developed methods were successfully applied in monitoring real samples collected from three districts of Pomerania in Poland. Analysis of real samples revealed the presence of the following pesticides: bifenthrin, fenpyroximate, methidathione, spinosad, thiamethoxam, triazophos, metconazole and cypermethrin at levels higher than the MRLs established by the EU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Bargańska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Narutowicza 11/12 street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Piotr Konieczka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Narutowicza 11/12 street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Narutowicza 11/12 street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Al-Alam J, Fajloun Z, Chbani A, Millet M. Determination of 16 PAHs and 22 PCBs in honey samples originated from different region of Lebanon and used as environmental biomonitors sentinel. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 54:9-15. [PMID: 30199354 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1500782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to assess the air quality in some Lebanese regions, a biomonitoring study based on honey as biomonitor candidate was conducted. For this, 18 samples of honey collected from four regions in Lebanon, were analyzed for their contamination by 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 22 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Samples were first extracted using a multi-residue extraction method based on the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method (QuEChERS) followed by a concentration step using Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) procedures. The extraction was then followed by chromatographic analysis by gas chromatography-ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). After PAHs samples assessment, different ratios of founded PAHs were calculated in order to estimate the sources of the pollution by these compounds. The obtained results showed that the four analyzed regions were contaminated with PAHs originated from both pyro and petro genic sources while none of them was found to be contaminated by any of the 22 assessed PCBs. The results of this study show that honey can be used as potential biomonitor candidate allowing the assessment of the pollution statement of a given environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Al-Alam
- a LBA3B, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
- b Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS, Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere , University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- a LBA3B, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
- c Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences III , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
| | - Asma Chbani
- a LBA3B, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
- d Faculty of Public Health III , Lebanese University , Tripoli , Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- b Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS, Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere , University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
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