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Habumugisha T, Zhang Z, Uwizewe C, Yan C, Ndayishimiye JC, Rehman A, Zhang X. Toxicological review of micro- and nano-plastics in aquatic environments: Risks to ecosystems, food web dynamics and human health. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116426. [PMID: 38718727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The increase of micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) in aquatic environments has become a significant concern due to their potential toxicological effects on ecosystems, food web dynamics, and human health. These plastic particles emerge from a range of sources, such as the breakdown of larger plastic waste, consumer products, and industrial outputs. This review provides a detailed report of the transmission and dangers of MNPs in aquatic ecosystems, environmental behavior, and interactions within aquatic food webs, emphasizing their toxic impact on marine life. It explores the relationship between particle size and toxicity, their distribution in different tissues, and the process of trophic transfer through the food web. MNPs, once consumed, can be found in various organs, including the digestive system, gills, and liver. Their consumption by lower trophic level organisms facilitates their progression up the food chain, potentially leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification, thereby posing substantial risks to the health, reproduction, and behavior of aquatic species. This work also explores how MNPs, through their persistence and bioaccumulation, pose risks to aquatic biodiversity and disrupt trophic relationships. The review also addresses the implications of MNPs for human health, particularly through the consumption of contaminated seafood, highlighting the direct and indirect pathways through which humans are exposed to these pollutants. Furthermore, the review highlights the recommendations for future research directions, emphasizing the integration of ecological, toxicological, and human health studies to inform risk assessments and develop mitigation strategies to address the global challenge of plastic pollution in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théogène Habumugisha
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Zixing Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Constance Uwizewe
- Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | | | - Abdul Rehman
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China.
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2
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Keerthika K, Padmavathy P, Rani V, Jeyashakila R, Aanand S, Kutty R. Evidence of microplastics in the polychaete worm (capitellids-Capitella capitata) (Fabricicus, 1780) along Thoothukudi region. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:556. [PMID: 38760609 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Research on the occurrence of microplastics in invertebrates of the Thoothukudi region is limited. Capitellids are non-selective suspension feeders and are usually used as bioindicator of water pollution. Hence, an investigation was carried out to identify the microplastic occurrence in the capitellids (Capitella capitata) (Fabricius, 1780) collected from the Vellapatti and Spic Nagar sites of the Thoothukudi region. Result from this investigation showed the occurrence of 0.21 ± 0.17 items/indiv and a mean abundance of 13.33% in Thoothukudi coast. The mean microplastic abundance in the capitellids was significantly higher in the Spic Nagar (0.26 ± 0.19 MPs/indiv), probably due to the dumping of plastic waste, fishing and recreational activities. However, no significant difference was observed between seasons. Only fragments (Vellapatti 66.66% and Spic Nagar 33.33%) and fibre-shaped microplastics (Vellapatti 50% and Spic Nagar 50%) were identified. The size and colour of the microplastics dominant in both sites were 1-2 mm (Vellapatti 77.77% and Spic Nagar 75%) and blue (Vellapatti 88.88% and Spic Nagar 87.5%), respectively. The results of Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analysis revealed the presence of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) polymers in the capitellids. PE polymer is one of the most common sources of microplastics contamination globally and it is also frequently found in the coastal waters of Thoothukudi. This accounted for the high occurrence of PE polymers in the capitellids with the occurrence rate of 77% in Vellapatti and 58.52% in Spic Nagar. The present study provides baseline data on the occurrence, characterization (shapes, sizes and colours) and qualitative analysis of the microplastics in the capitellids, and their presence was influenced by their non-selective feeding habits. Further, future studies have to be conducted to identify the levels of microplastics in different polychaetes and other invertebrates to better understand the effects of microplastic pollution in invertebrate communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaiselvan Keerthika
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Dr. M.G.R Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Thalainayeru, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Pandurangan Padmavathy
- Directorate of Sustainable Aquaculture, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Velu Rani
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Robinson Jeyashakila
- Dr. M.G.R Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Ponneri, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samraj Aanand
- Erode Bhavanisagar Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjeet Kutty
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, College of fisheries, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Joshi K, Rabari V, Patel H, Patel K, Rakib MRJ, Trivedi J, Paray BA, Walker TR, Jakariya M. Microplastic contamination in filter-feeding oyster Saccostrea cuccullata: Novel insights in a marine ecosystem. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116326. [PMID: 38583217 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a pressing global concern. Oysters are well-known filter feeders who ingest food by filtering microscopic particles suspended in the surrounding water. Along with organic matter, filter-feeding also causes accidental ingestion of MP by oysters. Hence, the aim of the current investigation is to understand the MP contamination in filter-feeding oysters. A total of 500 specimens of oyster Saccostrea cuccullata collected from the intertidal zone of five sampling locations on the Gujarat coast, India. Specimens underwent analysis following established protocols. Each specimen was found to exhibit MP contamination, showing an abundance of 2.72 ± 1.98 MPs/g. A negative relationship was found between shell length and MP abundance. Predominantly, fibers were documented across all study sites. Black, blue, and red-colored MPs with 1-2 mm sizes were most dominant. MP polymer composition was identified as polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene. Findings provide baseline information on levels of MPs contamination, which can be used to monitor future effects of MP pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Joshi
- Animal Taxonomy and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India
| | - Vasantkumar Rabari
- Animal Taxonomy and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India
| | - Heris Patel
- Animal Taxonomy and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India
| | - Krupal Patel
- Marine Biodiversity and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Md Refat Jahan Rakib
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh.
| | - Jigneshkumar Trivedi
- Animal Taxonomy and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India..
| | - Bilal Ahamad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tony R Walker
- School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Md Jakariya
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
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Kalangutkar N, Mhapsekar S, Redkar P, Valsan G, Warrier AK. Microplastic pollution in the Chapora River, Goa, Southwest India: spatial distribution and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:409. [PMID: 38564102 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The amount of information available on the microplastic (MP) contamination in Goa's riverine water systems is currently limited. The abundance, size, colour, and polymer composition of microplastics in Chapora River surface water were investigated in this study. MPs in Chapora River surface water ranged from 0.1 particles/L (station 13) to 0.47 particles/L (station 5). The mean (± standard deviation) MP concentration was 0.25 (± 0.13) particles/L. Fibre was the dominant shape (77.15%), followed by fragments (12.36%), films (9.36%), and foam (1.12%). Most MPs were found in the 0.1-0.3 mm size range, then in the 0.3-1 mm and 1-5 mm. The dominant type of polymer studied was polyethylene terephthalate (PET; 46%), followed by high-density polyethylene (HDPE; 14%), polypropylene (PP; 5%), and polystyrene (PS; 1%). The risk assessment study indicated high risk with respect to PHI, while PLI shows low risk in the area. The source of MPs was mostly anthropogenic in nature in the region. When compared with other tropical rivers, MP pollution was relatively lower in the Chapora River. Nevertheless, the baseline data will help the local administration take mitigation measures to reduce the impact of MP pollution in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyati Kalangutkar
- School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Taleigao, 403206, Goa, India.
| | - Shritesh Mhapsekar
- School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Taleigao, 403206, Goa, India
- Department of Geology, Government College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Sanquelim, 403505, Goa, India
| | - Prachi Redkar
- School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Taleigao, 403206, Goa, India
| | - Gokul Valsan
- Centre for Climate Studies, Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Anish Kumar Warrier
- Centre for Climate Studies, Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
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Chen H, Cheng Y, Wang Y, Ding Y, Wang C, Feng X, Fan Q, Yuan F, Fu G, Gao B, Liu K, Zou X. Microplastics: A potential proxy for tracing extreme flood events in estuarine environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170554. [PMID: 38309341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The transport of microplastics (MPs) is susceptible to being influenced by catchment hydrology; however, there is a notable lack of research on their retention and responses to flood events in estuarine sedimentary records. Herein, we collected two cores in the Yangtze Estuary to explore their microplastic pollution, influencing factors and linkage to flood events. MP abundance exhibited a decreasing trend from the top to the bottom in both cores. Both plastic production and sediment mean grain size showed a significant positive correlation with MP abundance. The sedimentary record displayed a marked surge in MP abundance during the extreme flood period, suggesting a direct influence of flooding on MP deposition. The resuspension of upstream MPs and erosion of land-based MPs by heavy rain might be responsible for this increase. Furthermore, our study identified significant periodicities in MP abundance, closely aligned with the hydrological patterns of the Yangtze River. This study highlights the role of floods in fluvial MP distribution and proposes MPs as a proxy of extreme floods from the 20th century in estuarine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yongcheng Ding
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xuguang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Qinya Fan
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Guanghe Fu
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Bingfei Gao
- Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xinqing Zou
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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6
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Dailianis S, Rouni M, Ainali NM, Vlastos D, Kyzas GZ, Lambropoulou DA, Bikiaris DN. New insights into the size-independent bioactive potential of pristine and UV-B aged polyethylene microplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170616. [PMID: 38311086 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigates the morphological, physicochemical, and structural changes occurred by the UV-B aging process of low-density polyethylene microplastics (LDPE MPs), as well as the bioactive potential of both pristine and UVaged MPs towards healthy peripheral blood lymphocytes. Specifically, LDPE MPs (100-180 μm) prepared by mechanical milling of LDPE pellets, were UV-B irradiated for 120 days (wavelength 280 nm; temperature 25 °C; relative humidity 50 %) and further examined for alterations in their particle size and surface, their functional groups, thermal stability, and crystallinity (by means of SEM, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD patterns, and TGA measurements, respectively). In parallel, isolated human peripheral blood lymphocytes were treated with different concentrations (25-500 μg mL-1) of either pristine or aged MPs (UVfree and UV120d LDPE MPs) for assessing the cytogenotoxic (by means of trypan blue exclusion test and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay using cytochalasin-B) and oxidative effects (using the DCFH-DA staining) in both cases. According to the results, UVfree and UV120d-LDPE MPs, with a size ranging from 100 to 180 μm, can differentially promote cytogenotoxic and oxidative alterations in human lymphocytes. In fact, UVfree LDPE MPs not being able to be internalized by cells due to their size, could indirectly promote the onset of mild oxidative and cytogenotoxic damage in human peripheral lymphocytes, via a dose-dependent but size-independent manner. The latter is more profound in case of the irregular-shaped UV120d-LDPE MPs, bearing improved dispersibility and sharp edges (by means of cracks and holes), as well as oxygen-containing and carbonyl groups. To our knowledge, the present findings provide new data regarding the bioactive behavior of pristine and UV-B aged LDPE MPs, at least in the in vitro biological model tested, thus giving new evidence for their size-independent and/or indirect mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Dailianis
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Rio, Patras, Greece.
| | - Maria Rouni
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Nina Maria Ainali
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitris Vlastos
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - George Z Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, GR-65404 Kavala, Greece
| | - Dimitra A Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios N Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Chen L, Shao H, Ren Y, Mao C, Chen K, Wang H, Jing S, Xu C, Xu G. Investigation of the adsorption behavior and adsorption mechanism of pollutants onto electron beam-aged microplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170298. [PMID: 38272098 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics, as an emerging pollutant, are widely distributed worldwide. Extensive research has been conducted to address the issue of microplastic pollution; however, effective methods for microplastic treatment are still lacking. This study innovatively utilizes electron beam technology to age and degrade microplastics. Compared to other treatment methods, electron beam technology can effectively promote the aging and degradation of microplastics. The Oxygen - carbon ratio of aged microplastics reached 0.071, with a mass loss of 48 % and a carbonyl index value of 0.69, making it the most effective method for short-term aging treatment in current research efforts. Theoretical calculations and experimental results demonstrate that a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups are generated on the surface of microplastics after electron beam irradiation, changing their adsorption performance for pollutants. Theoretical calculations show that an increase in oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface leads to a gradual decrease in hydrophobic pollutant adsorption capacity while increasing hydrophilic pollutant adsorption capacity for aged microplastics. Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the adsorption behavior and process of typical pollutants by aged microplastics which conform to pseudo-second-order kinetics and Henry model during the adsorption process, and the adsorption results are consistent with theoretical calculations. The results show that the degradation of microplastics is mainly due to hydroxyl radicals generated by electron beam irradiation, which can break the carbon chain of microplastics and gradually degrade them into small molecular esters and alcohols. Furthermore, studies have shown that microplastics can desorb pollutants in pure water and simulated gastric fluid. Overall, electron beam irradiation is currently the most effective method for degrading microplastics. These results also clearly elucidate the characteristics and mechanisms of the interaction between aged microplastics and organic pollutants, providing further insights for assessing microplastic pollution in real-world environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Haiyang Shao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Yingfei Ren
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Chengkai Mao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Kang Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Hongyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Shuting Jing
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Chengwei Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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Vibhatabandhu P, Prachayakul T, Tang-Siri J, Benmas P, Srithongouthai S, Kanokkantapong V. Effect of tidal current on the settling and accumulation of microplastics in the Chao Phraya River estuary, Thailand. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116068. [PMID: 38290367 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The deposition of MPs in a water column and surface sediment during a mixed spring tidal cycle of the Chao Phraya River estuary was investigated. The settling MPs during flood and ebb tides were collected by deploying traps at 3 m below the surface, while the settled MPs throughout the tidal cycle were collected by deploying traps at 1 m above the bottom. The settling rate of MPs was 2168 pieces/m2/h during highest to low tide, and 639 pieces/m2/h during high to lowest tide. The deposition rate of MPs after the end of the tidal cycle was 3172 pieces/m2/day, while the accumulation rate of MPs in the surface sediment was 1515 pieces/m2/day. The settling MPs tended to decrease inversely to the suspended solids and salinity. The major types of the deposited MPs were polyethylene (36 %) and polyamide (33 %), while that of the surface sediment was epoxy resin (80 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pathompong Vibhatabandhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Teerapat Prachayakul
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jiradet Tang-Siri
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Graduate Program in Industrial Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Patsharaporn Benmas
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Srithongouthai
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Research Unit (RU) of Waste Utilization and Ecological Risk Assessment, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Vorapot Kanokkantapong
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Research Unit (RU) of Waste Utilization and Ecological Risk Assessment, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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9
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Gupta P, Saha M, Suneel V, Rathore C, Ray D, Naik A. The consequences of reduced anthropogenic activities during the COVID-19 pandemic on microplastic abundance in a tropical estuarine region: Goa, India. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169041. [PMID: 38056653 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is pervasive, as it has infiltrated every corner of the planet and the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a depletion in the production, consumption, and disposal of plastics. To find out the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, a comparative assessment of microplastics (MPs) observed before and after the pandemic was evaluated in surface water and sediment from the major rivers of Goa, i.e. Mandovi and Zuari. To comprehend the relative difference in the abundance, characteristics, and source of MPs, samples were examined in both the dry and wet seasons. We found a sharp decrease in the concentration of MPs immediately after the isolated pandemic. During the dry and wet seasons, two to seven times less concentration of MPs was recorded for water and sediments after the pandemic period compared to the prior pandemic. MPs size, >300 μm were relatively abundant after the pandemic period in contrast to the prior pandemic (<300 μm sized MPs were more). Polyamide (PA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were the dominant polymers after the pandemic whereas earlier the dominant polymers were polyacetylene, polyacrylamide (PAM), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). The risk assessment of MPs in sediments (Polymer load index) was higher prior to the pandemic. The water quality parameters also indicated an improvement in the water quality during the pandemic. The present study clearly exhibited that due to the reduction of overall anthropogenic activities during the COVID-19 pandemic period, a sharp decline of plastic waste and MP abundance in the coastal water body in Goa, west coast of India was found. This study unveils the controlling factors (such as total solid waste generation, plastic waste, tourism activities, and the effect of monsoon) which influence the abundance and distribution of macro- and microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyansha Gupta
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - V Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Durbar Ray
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
| | - Akshata Naik
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
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10
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Mashamba R, Cuthbert RN, Dondofema F, Munyai LF, Wu N, Dalu T. Spatiotemporal variation in macroplastic abundances along a subtropical Austral river system. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:273. [PMID: 38363433 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a ubiquitous problem that poses a threat to society and the environment. The issue is especially pervasive in the aquatic environment, where large amounts of plastic debris accumulate from numerous anthropogenic pathways. Relatively little is known about the extent of macroplastics in African subtropical Austral rivers, where management strategies are lacking. This study quantifies and compares the variation in macroplastic abundances along the Mvudi River, South Africa, over four sites and four seasons. We observed a non-significant difference in macroplastic abundance and variation across sites and seasons, with pollution therefore widespread across these contexts. However, the diversity of plastic debris (i.e. γ-diversity value) decreased generally along sites, with most macroplastic items being collected during winter, and fewer macroplastic during autumn. We observed high abundances of macroplastic debris on the shoreline compared to the mainstream, with high proportional abundances of plastic bags and film (> 57.8%) macroplastic physical type across all sites and seasons. We also observed a high proportional abundance of the polymer polypropylene (> 25.3%) across seasons. The information derived from this study serves as the baseline for understanding seasonal variations in plastic debris and their driving factors on this and other subtropical Austral rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Mashamba
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, 1200, South Africa
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Farai Dondofema
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Linton F Munyai
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, 1200, South Africa
| | - Naicheng Wu
- Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Tatenda Dalu
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, 1200, South Africa.
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11
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Imbulana S, Tanaka S, Moriya A, Oluwoye I. Inter-event and intra-event dynamics of microplastic emissions in an urban river during rainfall episodes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117882. [PMID: 38070853 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Urban rivers represent the major conduits for land-sourced microplastics in the global oceans, yet the real-time dynamics of their emissions in rivers during rainfall (and runoff) events are poorly understood. Herein, we report the results of high-frequency sampling of microplastic particles (MPs) and fibers (MPFs) in the surface water of an urban river in Japan over the course of three rainfall events (i.e., light, moderate, and heavy rainfalls). The event mean concentrations (EMCs) of MPs amounted to 35,000 items/m3, 929,000 items/m3, and 331,000 items/m3; and the corresponding total loads were 0.5 kg, 19.8 kg, and 35.0 kg for light, moderate and heavy rainfalls, respectively. The inter-event total loads of MPs correlate well with the total rainfall, while the concentrations were linked with the number of antecedent dry days. The dynamic trends show that <2000 μm MPs displayed first flush effects during light to moderate rainfall events (>50% mass discharged with the initial 20-40% of flow). Small-sized MPs (10-40 μm) mobilized rapidly at lower rainfall intensities, whereas MPs over 2000 μm discharged immediately after the peak rainfall intensity. Moreover, <70 μm MPs depicted a surge following heavy rainfall events due to turbulent flow conditions reverting the deposited MPs into suspension. Overall, the three events increased the loads by 4-110 folds, and EMCs by 10-350 folds compared to the concentrations during dry weather while portraying a significant impact on 300-1000 μm MPs. The dynamics of MPs were correlated with those of suspended solids in river water, and the characteristics were comparable to the same of road dust sampled in Japan. Although the dynamic trends between MPs and MPFs in river water were comparable, MPFs were relatively less impacted by rain, likely due to the intervention of separate sewer systems in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachithra Imbulana
- Environmentally-friendly Industries for Sustainable Development Laboratory, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Shuhei Tanaka
- Environmentally-friendly Industries for Sustainable Development Laboratory, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Asami Moriya
- Environmentally-friendly Industries for Sustainable Development Laboratory, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ibukun Oluwoye
- Environmentally-friendly Industries for Sustainable Development Laboratory, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan; Curtin Corrosion Centre, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
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12
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Khatoon N, Mallah MA, Yu Z, Qu Z, Ali M, Liu N. Recognition and detection technology for microplastic, its source and health effects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11428-11452. [PMID: 38183545 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) is ubiquitous in the environment which appeared as an immense intimidation to human and animal health. The plastic fragments significantly polluted the ocean, fresh water, food chain, and other food items. Inadequate maintenance, less knowledge of adverse influence along with inappropriate usage in addition throwing away of plastics items revolves present planet in to plastics planet. The present study aims to focus on the recognition and advance detection technologies for MPs and the adverse effects of micro- and nanoplastics on human health. MPs have rigorous adverse effect on human health that leads to condensed growth rates, lessened reproductive capability, ulcer, scrape, and oxidative nervous anxiety, in addition, also disturb circulatory and respiratory mechanism. The detection of MP particles has also placed emphasis on identification technologies such as scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, optical detection, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermo-analytical techniques, flow cytometry, holography, and hyperspectral imaging. It suggests that further research should be explored to understand the source, distribution, and health impacts and evaluate numerous detection methodologies for the MPs along with purification techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafeesa Khatoon
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 540001, People's Republic of China
| | - Manthar Ali Mallah
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 540001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zengli Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 540001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Qu
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risk Assessment, School of Nursing, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-E-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology (QUEST), Nawabshah, 67480, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 540001, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risk Assessment, School of Nursing, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
- Health Science Center, South China Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People's Republic of China
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13
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Divakar A, Sundari SK, Jeyachandran S. Detection and Identification of Various Microplastics in Different Orthodontic Adhesives. Cureus 2024; 16:e55221. [PMID: 38558572 PMCID: PMC10981366 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Microplastics are acknowledged as significant environmental contaminants. The clinical use of dental materials, particularly adhesives containing plastic polymers, can give rise to the production of plastic micro- and nanoparticles, which subsequently find their way into the environment. The aim of the study was to detect different microplastics and identify them in various orthodontic adhesives. Materials and methods Four different light cure orthodontic adhesives, including Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA), Ormco Enlight (Ormco, Orange, CA), Orthofix SPA (Orthofix, Verona, Italy), and Aqualine LC (Tomy International Inc, Tokyo, Japan), were collected and placed in separate Eppendorf tubes. Microplastics present in each adhesive were identified using scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, each specimen was suspended in hydrogen peroxide, placed within a shaking incubator, and analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify the type of polymer. Results The scanning electron microscope shows the surface morphology and the most predominant types of microplastics identified were fibers, fragments, and pellets. FTIR results showed the presence of several major functional groups, including hydroxyl, amine, ester, fluoro, and halo groups. Conclusion When contrasted with the quantity of microplastic waste generated by other sectors like the textile, cosmetic, and fishing industries, the microparticulate waste stemming from dental adhesives has a minimal effect on environmental deterioration. Strategies for addressing this concern should give precedence to reducing the use of these materials and adopting effective recovery methods, which could potentially involve recycling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjusha Divakar
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Shantha K Sundari
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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14
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Gupta P, Saha M, Suneel V, Rathore C, Chndrasekhararao AV, Gupta GVM, Junaid CK. Microplastics in the sediments along the eastern Arabian Sea shelf: Distribution, governing factors and risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168629. [PMID: 37977402 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the omnipresence of microplastics (MPs), the studies around the western continental shelf of Indian Ocean (Eastern Arabian Sea-EAS) are uncovered and understudied. Thus, the present study was focused to understand the spatial distribution, characterization and risk assessment of MPs in sediment across seven coastal transects (10 to 50 m) all along the EAS shelf. The highest MPs concentration (MPs/kg d.w.) was detected in the northern EAS (NEAS; 2260 ± 1050) followed by central (CEAS; 1550 ± 1012) and southern (SEAS; 1300 ± 513) shelves. Among all distinct locations, the highest concentration of MPs (2500 ± 1042) was detected in the north coastal sediments off Mumbai, followed by off Mangalore (1480 ± 1169) in the center and off Kochi (1350 ± 212) in the south. MPs were found in the form of fibres, fragments and films with a predominance of fibres (~70-80 %). Approximately 74.6 % of the total MPs were in the size range of 300 μm to 5 mm. The surface of detected MPs was rough, irregular, and mechanical weathering features such as pits, grooves also observed and spotted with bacterial community structures. Polypropylene (PP; 34 %), polyisoprene (PIP; 19 %), butyl rubber (18 %), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE; 13 %) were dominant polymers. The pollution load index highlighted minor risk while the polymer hazard index exhibited a hazard level of V. Litter discharge, fishing activities, and active marine navigation are among the many high-risk sources of plastic contamination in this region. Due to the prevailing winds, currents, low sea surface height, and high precipitation, the conditions in the EAS are favorable for the accumulation of both sea-based and land-based particles. Hence, this study provides novel insights into the potential risks posed by MP to the IO rim and associated marine ecosystem which will enhance our knowledge of the ecological implications and consequences of MP pollution, ultimately aiding in developing effective management and mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyansha Gupta
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - V Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | - G V M Gupta
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Puthuvype, Kochi 682508, India
| | - C K Junaid
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
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15
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Ahmed M, Phukan B, Talukdar A, Ahmed I, Sarma J, Ali A, Gogoi R, Borah K, Xavier M. Assessment of microplastic contamination in the gastrointestinal tracts of indigenous fishes from north eastern hill regions of Bhogdoi, a tributary of River Brahmaputra, India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:121124-121137. [PMID: 37950117 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution in freshwater environments has drawn considerable attention over the decades due to the risk posed by MPs to the aquatic fauna and human health. In this study, the occurrence of MPs was assessed from the gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of indigenous fishes from Bhogdoi River, a tributary of River Brahmaputra, northeast hill region, Assam, India. All the fish species (n = 180) analysed showed 100% occurrence of MPs sampled from three stations of River Bhogdoi. A total of 488 microplastic particles were recorded from GIT of fishes collected. The mean abundance of MPs was highest in Station-II (7.64 ± 2.77 numbers individual-1) with lowest in S-I (3.17 ± 0.99 numbers individual-1). The MP size of 100-500 μm, MP shape of fibre (43.33%) and fragments (35.33%), blue colour MPs (26-37%) and polymer type PA (23-30%) were most prevalent in fishes analysed from River Bhogdoi. The mean abundance of MPs was higher in herbivore fishes (8.52 ± 1.22 numbers individual-1) as compared to carnivorous and omnivorous fish species with highest abundance in Labeo rohita (12.11 ± 2.13 numbers individual-1). Fibre and fragments with size range of 100-500 μm were dominant among all the feeding habits. Blue and black colour MPs were abundant among herbivore and carnivore fishes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results confirmed that polyamide and polypropylene were the most abundant MP polymer in the fishes analysed. The present study provides baseline information of MPs in River Bhogdoi, Assam, for its future monitoring and assessment of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ahmed
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Bipul Phukan
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India.
| | - Avinash Talukdar
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Imtiaz Ahmed
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Jiten Sarma
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Ayub Ali
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Rinku Gogoi
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Kankana Borah
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Martin Xavier
- Department of Quality Assurance and Management, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Coachin-682029, Kerala, India
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16
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Mosquera-Ortega M, Rodrigues de Sousa L, Susmel S, Cortón E, Figueredo F. When microplastics meet electroanalysis: future analytical trends for an emerging threat. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5978-5999. [PMID: 37921647 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01448g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are a major modern challenge that must be addressed to protect the environment, particularly the marine environment. Microplastics, defined as particles ≤5 mm, are ubiquitous in the environment. Their small size for a relatively large surface area, high persistence and easy distribution in water, soil and air require the development of new analytical methods to monitor their presence. At present, the availability of analytical techniques that are easy to use, automated, inexpensive and based on new approaches to improve detection remains an open challenge. This review aims to outline the evolution and novelties of classical and advanced methods, in particular the recently reported electroanalytical detectors, methods and devices. Among all the studies reviewed here, we highlight the great advantages of electroanalytical tools over spectroscopic and thermal analysis, especially for the rapid and accurate detection of microplastics in the sub-micron range. Finally, the challenges faced in the development of automated analytical methods are discussed, highlighting recent trends in artificial intelligence (AI) in microplastics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Mosquera-Ortega
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioanalysis (LABB), Department of Biological Chemistry and IQUIBICEN, Faculty of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires and CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina.
- Basic Science Department, Faculty Regional General Pacheco, National Technological University, Argentina
| | - Lucas Rodrigues de Sousa
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioanalysis (LABB), Department of Biological Chemistry and IQUIBICEN, Faculty of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires and CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina.
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goias, Campus Samambaia, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Sabina Susmel
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Eduardo Cortón
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioanalysis (LABB), Department of Biological Chemistry and IQUIBICEN, Faculty of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires and CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina.
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology at Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Federico Figueredo
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioanalysis (LABB), Department of Biological Chemistry and IQUIBICEN, Faculty of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires and CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires (1428), Argentina.
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17
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Sau D, Hazra T, Shiuly A. Microplastics in lentic environments: implications for Indian ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:114756-114778. [PMID: 37910348 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30604-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The paper focused on occurrence, characterization, and analytical methods of microplastic (MP) pollution in the lentic environment mainly for the Indian scenario. To understand the flow of MP from plastic waste, a material flow diagram was developed using STAN, assigning the transfer coefficients based on existing scientific literature and primary survey from local recycling facilities and industries. The quantity, morphology, and polymers of MP in the water and sediments of the lentic environment were compared for various states from 2011 to 2022. The reasons for the geographical heterogeneity in microplastics may be the migratory routes of MPs in the ecosystems like commercial uses and wastewater characteristics which possibly discharged in lentic system. Factors like particle density, water surface area, water surface depth, wind speed and direction, and water flow size mainly affect MP concentrations in the lentic water body, and mainly PHI and PLI are keys to MP risk analysis. The surface characteristics of MPs reveal that it absorbs many toxic contaminants including heavy metals. The impacts of MP on ecosystem and human health were also discussed. The impacts of socioeconomic conditions on MP concentrations for different states in India were also added. Proposed methods for plastic waste generation control also included which will help for developing policy in future to prevent MP pollution in lentic environments and also motivate future researchers to establish new standardized methods of MP analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Sau
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S C Mullick Street, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Tumpa Hazra
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S C Mullick Street, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Amit Shiuly
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S C Mullick Street, Kolkata, 700032, India
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18
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Xu L, Li K, Zhang M, Guo J, Jia W, Bai X, Tian X, Huang Y. Plastic substrate and residual time of microplastics in the urban river shape the composition and structure of bacterial communities in plastisphere. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118710. [PMID: 37536136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The widespread secondary microplastics (MPs) in urban freshwater, originating from plastic wastes, have created a new habitat called plastisphere for microorganisms. The factors influencing the structure and ecological risks of the microbial community within the plastisphere are not yet fully understood. We conducted an in-site incubation experiment in an urban river, using MPs from garbage bags (GB), shopping bags (SB), and plastic bottles (PB). Bacterial communities in water and plastisphere incubated for 2 and 4 weeks were analyzed by 16S high-throughput sequencing. The results showed the bacterial composition of the plastisphere, especially the PB, exhibited enrichment of plastic-degrading and photoautotrophic taxa. Diversity declined in GB and PB but increased in SB plastisphere. Abundance analysis revealed distinct bacterial species that were enriched or depleted in each type of plastisphere. As the succession progressed, the differences in community structure was more pronounced, and the decline in the complexity of bacterial community within each plastisphere suggested increasing specialization. All the plastisphere exhibited elevated pathogenicity at the second or forth week, compared to bacterial communities related to natural particles. These findings highlighted the continually evolving plastisphere in urban rivers was influenced by the plastic substrates, and attention should be paid to fragile plastic wastes due to the rapidly increasing pathogenicity of the bacterial community attached to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kang Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mengjun Zhang
- Peking University Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China; PKU-HKUST Shenzhen-Hongkong Institution, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Jiabao Guo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Weiqian Jia
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinyi Bai
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xudong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring, Forewarning and Quality Control of Zhejiang, Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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19
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Barhoumi B, Metian M, Zaghden H, Derouiche A, Ben Ameur W, Ben Hassine S, Oberhaensli F, Mora J, Mourgkogiannis N, Al-Rawabdeh AM, Chouba L, Alonso-Hernández CM, Karapanagioti HK, Driss MR, Mliki A, Touil S. Microplastic-sorbed persistent organic pollutants in coastal Mediterranean Sea areas of Tunisia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1347-1364. [PMID: 37401332 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00169e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants of global concern due to their pervasiveness, high sorption ability for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and direct and indirect toxicity to marine organisms, ecosystems, as well as humans. As one of the major coastal interfaces, beaches are considered among the most affected ecosystems by MPs pollution. The morphological characteristics of MPs (pellets and fragments) collected from four beaches along the Tunisian coast and sorbed POPs, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), were investigated in this study. The results showed that the MPs varied greatly in color, polymer composition and degradation degree. The color varied from colored to transparent and the most prevalent polymer identified using Raman spectroscopy was polyethylene. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images exhibited various surface degradation features including cavities, cracks, attached diatom remains, etc. The concentrations of Σ12PCBs over all beaches ranged from 14 to 632 ng g-1 and 26 to 112 ng g-1 in the pellets and fragments, respectively, with a notable presence and dominance of highly-chlorinated PCBs such as CB-153 and -138. Among the OCPs, γ-HCH is the only compound detected with concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 9.7 ng g-1 and 0.7 to 4.2 ng g-1 in the pellets and fragments, respectively. Our findings indicate that MPs found on the Tunisian coast may pose a chemical risk to marine organisms as the concentrations of PCBs and γ-HCH in most of the analysed samples exceeded the sediment-quality guidelines (SQG), especially the effects range medium (ERM) and the probable effects level (PEL). As the first report of its kind, the information gathered in this study can serve as the baseline and starting point for future monitoring work for Tunisia and neighbouring countries, as well as for stakeholders and coastal managers in decision-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badreddine Barhoumi
- Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Marc Metian
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Marine Environment Laboratories, Radioecology Laboratory, 4a, Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Hatem Zaghden
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Abdelkader Derouiche
- Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| | - Walid Ben Ameur
- Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
- Ecologie de La Faune Terrestre UR17ES44, Département des Sciences de La Vie, Faculté Des Sciences de Gabès, Université de Gabès, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Ben Hassine
- Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| | - François Oberhaensli
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Marine Environment Laboratories, Radioecology Laboratory, 4a, Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Janeth Mora
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Marine Environment Laboratories, Radioecology Laboratory, 4a, Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | | | - Abdulla M Al-Rawabdeh
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Lassaad Chouba
- Laboratory of Marine Environment, National Institute of Marine Science and Technology (INSTM), Goulette, Tunisia
| | - Carlos M Alonso-Hernández
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Marine Environment Laboratories, Radioecology Laboratory, 4a, Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | | | - Mohamed Ridha Driss
- Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| | - Ahmed Mliki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Soufiane Touil
- Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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20
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Zhang ZA, Qin X, Zhang Y. Using Data-Driven Methods and Aging Information to Quantitatively Identify Microplastic Environmental Sources and Establish a Comprehensive Discrimination Index. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37465930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The global distribution of microplastics (MPs) across various environmental compartments has garnered significant attention. However, the differences in the characteristics of MPs in different environments remain unclear, and there is still a lack of quantitative analysis of their environmental sources. In addition, the inclusion of aging in source apportionment is a novel approach that has not been widely explored. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis of the literature from the past 10 years and extracted conventional and aging characteristic data of MPs from 321 sampling points across 7 environmental compartments worldwide. We established a data-driven analysis framework using these data sets to identify different MP communities across environmental compartments, screen key MP features, and develop an environmental source analysis model for MPs. Our results indicate significant differences in the characteristics of MP communities across environments. The key features of differentiation were identified using the LEfSe method and include the carbonyl index, hydroxyl index, fouling index, proportions of polypropylene, white, black/gray, and film/sheet. These features were screened for each environmental compartment. An environmental source identification model was established based on these features with an accuracy of 75.1%. In order to accurately represent the single/multisource case in a more probabilistic manner, we proposed the MP environmental source index (MESI) to provide a probability estimation of the sample having multiple sources. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of MP migration trends and fluxes in the plastic cycle and inform effective prevention and control strategies for MP pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Ao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xinran Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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21
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Rabari V, Patel H, Patel K, Patel A, Bagtharia S, Trivedi J. Quantitative assessment of microplastic contamination in muddy shores of Gulf of Khambhat, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115131. [PMID: 37290300 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become a global concern due to their widespread distribution in marine ecosystems. The present study was aimed to assess MPs contamination in 21 muddy shores sites situated in the Gulf of Khambhat. From each site, five samples (1 kg each) were collected. In the laboratory, the replicates were homogenated, out of which a 100 g sample was used for analysis. The total number of MPs, shape, colour, size and polymer composition of MPs were assessed. The MPs abundance ranged from 0.32 ± 0.18 particles/g (Jampore) to 2.81 ± 0.50 particles/g (Uncha Kotda) among different study sites. Moreover, threads were recorded maximum followed by films, foams and fragments. In case of MPs colour, black and blue coloured MPs occurred dominantly, with sizes ranging from 1 mm to 5 mm. FTIR analysis identified seven different types of plastic polymers, out of which polypropylene was the dominant plastic polymer (32.46 %) followed by polyurethane (32.16 %), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (14.93 %), polystyrene (9.62 %), polyethylene terephthalate (4.61 %), polyethylene (3.71 %) and polyvinyl chloride (2.51 %). Based on the results of the Contamination factor (CF) value, Alang, Mahua, Ghogha and Uncha Kotda were identified as very high contaminated sites (CF ≥ 6). Pollution Load Index (PLI) value of entire study area revealed the Gulf of Khambhat as a polluted area with MPs contamination (PLI > 1). While value of Hazardous Index (H) identified 12 study sites as class-V risk category (H value > 10,000). Moreover, Pollution Risk Index (PRI) value revealed fifteen sites as very high contaminated sites (PRI > 1200). Pollution indices can be useful in predicting the level of MPs contamination at the study site. Overall, the present study provides the information on MPs contamination in the coastal region of the Gulf of Khambhat that can be used as a baseline data for future studies on the ecotoxicity of MPs on marine biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasantkumar Rabari
- Animal Taxonomy and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India
| | - Heris Patel
- Animal Taxonomy and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India
| | - Krupal Patel
- Marine Biodiversity and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Jigneshkumar Trivedi
- Animal Taxonomy and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India.
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22
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Nithin A, Sundaramanickam A, Saha M, Hassanshahian M, Thangaraj M, Rathore C. Risk assessments of microplastics accumulated in estuarine sediments at Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, southeast coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:890. [PMID: 37365443 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11434-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the abundance of microplastics (MPs) in the Uppanar and Gadilam estuaries in Cuddalore, on the southeast coast of India, is reported. In the estuarine sediments, MP abundance ranged from 36.3 ± 3.39 to 51.6 ± 2.05 particles/Kg dw. Different types of MP shapes, such as fibers (41.7-47.9%), films (21.2-27.2%), and fragments (18.3-25.5%) were observed in the size range of 100-1000 µm. Diverse colours of MPs were observed, among which red (30.1-34.5%) was predominantly noticed in the estuarine sediments. Six polymers were identified by µ-FTIR, among which LDPE (39%) and PP (35%) were dominant. MPs pollution in these estuaries is composed of domestic, industrial, and fishing wastes. Risk assessments show that the area falls under hazard categories I to III, indicating low to high risk. This study improves knowledge on MPs contamination in Uppanar and Gadilam estuaries and provides impetus for further research to identify the actual sources and impacts of MPs on aquatic systems along the east coast of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajith Nithin
- Centre of Advance Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arumugam Sundaramanickam
- Centre of Advance Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Mehdi Hassanshahian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Muthusamy Thangaraj
- Centre of Advance Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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23
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Jeyasanta KI, Jayanthi M, Laju RL, Patterson J, Bilgi DS, Sathish N, Edward JKP. Seasonal and spatial variations in the distribution pattern, sources and impacts of microplastics along different coastal zones of Tamil Nadu, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115114. [PMID: 37276709 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated spatiotemporal variations of microplastics (MPs) in Coromandel Coast, Palk Bay, Gulf of Mannar, and West Coast of Tamil Nadu, India. MPs abundance varies from 37 ± 1.52 to 189 ± 9.02 items/kg in sediment and 23 ± 15.25 to 155.25 ± 4.16 items/L in water. Highest abundance in monsoon by riverine inflow transports plastic waste to the ocean. MPs sizes 0.5-1 mm are dominant in summer with 16 polymers, while 3-4 mm dominates the monsoon with 23 polymers. Carbonyl Index shows high MP oxidation (>0.31), unrelated to spatiotemporal changes. SEM-EDAX shows weathered MPs carrying hazardous metals. High MP diversity (MPDII = 0.77) of Coromandel Coast points to many sources of pollution and the need for immediate control measures. Pollution load values indicate low degree of MP pollution (<10), polymer hazard index shows level III (10-100) and IV (100-1000), and ecological risk assessment shows minor risks (<150) at present.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Jayanthi
- Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India
| | - R L Laju
- Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jamila Patterson
- Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak S Bilgi
- Department of Environment and Climate Change, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India
| | - Narmatha Sathish
- Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India
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24
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Raju MP, Veerasingam S, Suneel V, Saha M, Rathore C, Naik A, Suneetha P, Ramakrishna SSVS. Seasonal variation and spatial distribution of microplastic pellets and their associated contaminants along the central east coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:68489-68503. [PMID: 37126173 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pellets (MPPs) are one of the significant sources of plastic pollution on shorelines worldwide. In this study, for the first time, we have examined the occurrence of MPPs and their spatial and seasonal distributions, adsorbed contaminants, polymer composition, and ecological risks at eight renowned beaches of Andhra Pradesh, central east coast of India. A total of 3950 MPPs were collected from eight beaches along the central east coast of India during October 2020, representing pre-northeast monsoon (pNEM), and during January 2021, representing the northeast monsoon (NEM). The abundance of MPPs was higher during the NEM than those found in the pNEM. ATR-FTIR and SEM analyses were conducted to characterize the polymer types and weathering patterns of MPPs. Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) results show the MPP adsorbance of heavy metals such as Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn. The degree of contamination and polymer hazard risks of MPPs were assessed using the pollution load index (PLI) and polymer hazard index (PHI). The conducive wind and currents during the NEM lead to higher MPP abundance than during the pNEM. However, the spatial variations of MPPs showed significant differences among the beaches. This study revealed that the presence of MPPs on the beaches along the central east coast of India might pose a considerable polymer hazard risk to the ecosystem. The substantial surface weathering features of MPPs would lead to more toxic nanoplastics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallela Pruthvi Raju
- Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India
| | | | - Vasimalla Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, Dona Paula, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, Dona Paula, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, Dona Paula, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Akshata Naik
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, 403004, Dona Paula, India
| | - Pilli Suneetha
- Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India
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25
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Amrutha K, Warrier AK, Rangel-Buitrago N. Did the COVID-19 pandemic play a role in the spatial and temporal variations of microplastics? Evidence from a tropical river in southern India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115088. [PMID: 37269702 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Personal protective equipment (PPE) use has increased because of COVID-19, producing more microplastics (MPs). The pandemic's impact on MP pollution in Indian rivers is little understood. In this study, the Netravathi River in Karnataka was investigated for the spatiotemporal distribution of MPs. The MPs abundance, size, and categories varied seasonally, with a higher concentration during the monsoon seasons. The reduction in rainfall during MON20 and the COVID-19 lockdown can be the reasons for the significant decrease in the MP concentration when compared to MON19. Polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate were the most abundant polymers, with a shift from polyethylene to the latter (74 %) during post-monsoon season post-lockdown. The situation of MP pollution in Western Ghats can be mitigated with the aid of appropriate waste management of plastic trash and greater public awareness about the disposal of single-use plastics, which has risen significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaniyambadi Amrutha
- Department of Sciences, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Anish Kumar Warrier
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; Centre for Climate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Nelson Rangel-Buitrago
- Programa de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Atlántico, Colombia
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26
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Talukdar A, Bhattacharya S, Bandyopadhyay A, Dey A. Microplastic pollution in the Himalayas: Occurrence, distribution, accumulation and environmental impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162495. [PMID: 36868287 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have been reported from various ecosystems including lakes, ponds, wetlands, mountains, and forests globally. Recent research works showed microplastic deposition and accumulation in the Himalayan mountains and adjoining ecosystems, rivers and streams. Fine particles of microplastic originating from different anthropogenic sources can travel long distances, even upwards (altitudinally) through atmospheric transport and can pollute remote and pristine locations situated in the Himalayas. Precipitation also plays a vital role in influencing deposition and fallout of microplastics in the Himalayas. Microplastics can be trapped in the snow in glaciers for a long time and can be released into freshwater rivers by snow melting. Microplastic pollution in Himalayan rivers such as the Ganga, Indus, Brahmaputra, Alaknanda, and Kosi has been researched on both the upper and lower catchments. Additionally, Himalayan region draws many domestic and international tourists throughout the year, resulting in generation of massive and unmanageable volume of plastics wastes and finally ending up in the open landscapes covering forests, river streams and valley. Fragmentation of these plastic wastes can lead to microplastic formation and accumulation in the Himalayas. This paper discusses and explains occurrence and distribution of microplastics in the Himalayan landscapes, possible adverse effects of microplastic on local ecosystems and human population and policy intervention needed to mitigate microplastic pollution in the Himalayas. A knowledge gap was noticed regarding the fate of microplastics in the freshwater ecosystems and their control mechanisms in the Indian Himalayas. Regulatory approaches for microplastics management in the Himalayas sit within the broader plastics/solid waste management and can be implemented effectively by following integrated approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sayan Bhattacharya
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Nalanda, Bihar 803116, India.
| | | | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
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27
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Janakiram R, Keerthivasan R, Janani R, Ramasundaram S, Martin MV, Venkatesan R, Ramana Murthy MV, Sudhakar T. Seasonal distribution of microplastics in surface waters of the Northern Indian Ocean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 190:114838. [PMID: 37002963 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Seven expeditions were carried out during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon in 2018-2019 for marine plastic collection in surface waters of Northern Indian Ocean. PE and PP (83 %) is the dominant type of polymer found in the surface waters. Colored particles account for 67 % of all particles, with fibre/line accounting for 86 %. The average (Mean ± SD) microplastics concentration in the Northern Indian Ocean during pre-monsoon is 15,200 ± 7999 no./km2, Monsoon is 18,223 ± 14,725 no./km2 and post monsoon is 72,381 ± 77,692 no./km2. BoB during pre-monsoon and post monsoon the microplastic concentration remains same except in the northern BoB this change is caused due to weak winds. Microplastics concentration varied both spatially, temporal and heterogeneity in nature. These differences are caused by effect of wind and seasonal reversal of currents. Microplastics collected in the anticyclonic eddy are 129,000 no./km2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Janakiram
- National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - R Keerthivasan
- National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - R Janani
- National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - S Ramasundaram
- National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - M V Martin
- National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - R Venkatesan
- National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - M V Ramana Murthy
- National Centre for Coastal Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - Tata Sudhakar
- National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai, India.
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28
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Nawab J, Khan H, Ghani J, Zafar MI, Khan S, Toller S, Fatima L, Hamza A. New insights into the migration, distribution and accumulation of micro-plastic in marine environment: A critical mechanism review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138572. [PMID: 37088212 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed in the marine environment, posing a significant threat to marine biota. The contribution of anthropogenic and terrestrial sources to the aquatic ecosystem has led to an increase in MPs findings, and their abundance in aquatic biota has been reported to be of concern. MPs are formed mainly via photo degradation of macroplastics (large plastic debris), and their release into the environment is a result of the degradation of additives. Eco-toxicological risks are increasing for marine organisms, due to the ingestion of MPs, which cause damage to gastrointestinal (GI) tracts and stomach. Plastics with a size <5 mm are considered MPs, and they are commonly identified by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Laser direct infrared (LDIR). The size, density and additives are the main factors influencing the abundance and bioavailability of MPs. The most abundant type of MPs found in fishes are fiber, polystyrenes, and fragments. These microscale pellets cause physiological stress and growth deformities by targeting the GI tracts of fishes and other biota. Approximately 80% MPs come from terrestrial sources, either primary, generated during different products such as skin care products, tires production and the use of MPs as carrier for pharmaceutical products, or secondary plastics, disposed of near coastal areas and water bodies. The issue of MPs and their potential effects on the marine ecosystem require proper attention. Therefore, this study conducted an extensive literature review on assessing MPs levels in fishes, sediments, seawater, their sources, and effects on marine biota (especially on fishes), chemo-physical behavior and the techniques used for their identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Nawab
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan.
| | - Haris Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Ghani
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mazhar Iqbal Zafar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sardar Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Simone Toller
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laraib Fatima
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 2300, Pakistan
| | - Amir Hamza
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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29
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Cardoso-Mohedano JG, Ruiz-Fernández AC, Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Camacho-Torres SM, Ontiveros-Cuadras JF. Microplastics transport in a low-inflow estuary at the entrance of the Gulf of California. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161825. [PMID: 36716892 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are recognized as a global emergent pollution impact, which can affect all food chains. Estimating MPs transport pathways in coastal ecosystems is needed to assess their likely effects. Here, we studied MPs accumulation and transport pathways in the Estero de Urias lagoon system (low-inflow estuary) using field data and a 3D particle model. Field results showed that the MPs present similar abundances throughout the study area during the dry and rainy seasons. Model simulations indicated that i) morphology and tidal currents caused the MPs discharged in the lagoon to remain inside, and ii) wind-induced currents caused the MPs in the coastal area to be transported to the southwest. These transport processes may be responsible for homogenizing MPs concentrations through the studied area. In addition, model simulations suggested that EUL-dense waters can export MPs from the coastal area to the sea bottom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano
- Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km. 9.5, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.
| | - Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Calz. Joel Montes Camarena s/n, 82040 Mazatlán, Mexico
| | - Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Calz. Joel Montes Camarena s/n, 82040 Mazatlán, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge Feliciano Ontiveros-Cuadras
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad Académica Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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30
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Visalli G, Laganà A, Facciolà A, Iaconis A, Curcio J, Pollino S, Celesti C, Scalese S, Libertino S, Iannazzo D, Di Pietro A. Enhancement of biological effects of oxidised nano- and microplastics in human professional phagocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 99:104086. [PMID: 36842547 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Micro and nanoplastics are ubiquitous pollutants that can cause adverse health effects even in humans. Effects of virgin and oxidised (simulating the aging processes) polystyrene nano (nPS) and micro particles (mPS) with diameters of 0.1 and 1 µm were studied on human professional phagocytes (i.e., monocyte cells THP-1 and macrophage-like mTHP-1 cells). After characterization by ATR-FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, SEM and dynamic light-scattering analyses, the particles were FITC functionalised to quantify cellular uptake. Changes in the cell compartments were studied by acrydine orange and the pro-oxidant, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were assessed. Phagocytosis was dose- and time- dependent and at 24 h 52% of nPS and 58% of mPS were engulfed. Despite the high homeostasis of professional phagocytes, significant ROS increases and DNA damage were observed after exposure to oxidised particles. The results highlight that the environmental aging processes enhances the adverse health effects of micro and nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Visalli
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Laganà
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; Istituto Clinico Polispecialistico C.O.T. Cure Ortopediche Traumatologiche s.p.a., 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Facciolà
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonella Iaconis
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Jessica Curcio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Santa Pollino
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Consuelo Celesti
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Industrial Chemistry and Engineering, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Silvia Scalese
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IMM), Ottava Strada n.5, I-95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Sebania Libertino
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IMM), Ottava Strada n.5, I-95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Iannazzo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Industrial Chemistry and Engineering, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Di Pietro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
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Keerthika K, Padmavathy P, Rani V, Jeyashakila R, Aanand S, Kutty R, Tamilselvan R, Subash P. Microplastics accumulation in pelagic and benthic species along the Thoothukudi coast, South Tamil Nadu, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 189:114735. [PMID: 36842282 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics contamination poses a serious threat to marine biota, so the current study was carried out to assess the incidence of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tracts of pelagic and benthic species collected from the six sampling sites along Thoothukudi region from January 2021 to December 2021. In the present study, benthic species (0.67 ± 0.14 MPs/indiv) showed a higher abundance of microplastics than pelagic species (0.53 ± 0.11 MPs/indiv). The dominance of microplastic shapes, sizes, colours and polymers found were comparable among both pelagic and benthic species, this being fibre (27.56% and 48.33%), 0.5-1mm (39.78% and 42.94%), blue (50% and 40.85%), and PE (46.24% and 48.18%), respectively. The present study showed that microplastics are ubiquitous in both habitats, which raises serious concerns for public health. Hence, measures focusing on reducing local emissions and plastic waste disposal should be implemented to control microplastic pollution in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaiselvan Keerthika
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Pandurengan Padmavathy
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Velu Rani
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Samraj Aanand
- Erode Bhavanisagar Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjeet Kutty
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, College of Fisheries, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean studies, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Rajarajan Tamilselvan
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Resource Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palaniappan Subash
- Department of Fish Pathology and Health Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mugilarasan M, Karthik R, Robin RS, Subbareddy B, Hariharan G, Anandavelu I, Jinoj TPS, Purvaja R, Ramesh R. Anthropogenic marine litter: An approach to environmental quality for India's southeastern Arabian Sea coast. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161363. [PMID: 36610620 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic marine litter (AML), mainly plastic, is a global concern that is persistent and widespread. To prevent and mitigate this threat, we need to understand the magnitude and source of AML. There is limited knowledge about AML pollution on the Indian Coast. In this context, the present study examined the distribution, abundance, typology, and beach quality based on AML along 22 beaches on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Sea. A total of 4911 AML items were classified into 9 categories, weighing 16.79 kg, and retrieved from a total area of 8000 m2. The mean abundance and weight of AML in the current study were 0.45 ± 0.34 items/m2 and 1.53 ± 0.92 g/m2, respectively. Thottapally showed the most abundant AML among the studied beaches with 0.96 items/m2, followed by Azheekkal with 0.73 items/m2. Plastic, being the most common item, accounts for 77.6 % of all items and has a mean density of 0.35 items/m2 comprising hard plastic (22 %), thermocol (13 %), food wrappers (7 %), cigarette butts (7 %), plastic rope (6 %), and plastic cutlery (6 %). Hazardous anthropogenic litter (HAL) was maximum at Thottapally (17.71 %; 85 out of 480 items collected). Based on the cleanliness of beaches, they are graded "moderately clean" (63 %) by the General Index (GI), "clean" (54 %), and "moderately clean" (40 %) as calculated by the Clean Coast Index (CCI). Hazardous Anthropogenic Beach Litter Index (HABLI) classifies 72 % of beaches as "moderately safe", while the Environmental Status Index (ESI) rates 68 % of beaches as "mediocre". Besides, model simulations demonstrated the pathways of AML propagation, which correlate to the littoral and coastal current flow patterns over the region. Land-based activities were the crucial factors influencing AML distribution. The study highlighted the need for effective regional litter management strategies, policy instruments for the litter impact pathways, economic, regulatory, and behavioural management tools, which were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mugilarasan
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - R Karthik
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - R S Robin
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai 600 025, India.
| | - B Subbareddy
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - G Hariharan
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - I Anandavelu
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - T P S Jinoj
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - R Purvaja
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - R Ramesh
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai 600 025, India
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Keerthika K, Padmavathy P, Rani V, Jeyashakila R, Aanand S, Kutty R, Arisekar U, Tamilselvan R, Subash P. Ingestion of microplastics in commercially important species along Thoothukudi coast, south east India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:511. [PMID: 36964882 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics pollute the marine environment and pose a greater risk to marine organisms. The microplastics were observed in the guts of the 12 species, which varied from 0.00 to 1.80 ± 1.19 particles /individual. Most of the microplastics were fibre shaped, 0.5-1 mm sized, blue-coloured, and polyethylene polymers. The abundance of the microplastics was higher for benthic species (0.66 ± 0.13 particles/ individual) than the pelagic species (0.53 ± 0.11 particles/individual), with no significant difference (p > 0.05). According to their feeding habits and trophic level, significantly the microplastics were abundant in the herbivores (1.23 ± 0.61 particles/individual) and quaternary consumers (0.76 ± 0.16 particles/individual), respectively. The present study suggests that microplastic ingestion in commercially important species was influenced by their feeding habits irrespective of their habitat and length and weight. In addition to this, biomagnification of the microplastics (Trophic Magnification Factor, TMF = 1.02) was also observed in the commercially important species with increasing trophic level. This further indicates that the trophic level can serve as the pathway for the transfer of microplastics from lower trophic level organisms to higher trophic level organisms. The present study concludes that the occurrence of biomagnification of microplastics and the pollutants absorbed by them might harm the commercially important species from the Thoothukudi region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaiselvan Keerthika
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Dr. M.G.R Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thalainayeru, India.
| | - Pandurengan Padmavathy
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Velu Rani
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Robinson Jeyashakila
- Dean, Dr. M.G.R Fisheries College and Research Institute, Ponneri, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samraj Aanand
- Erode Bhavanisagar Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjeet Kutty
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, College of Fisheries, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Ulaganathan Arisekar
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajarajan Tamilselvan
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Resource Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palaniappan Subash
- Department of Fish Pathology and Health Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wu X, Liu H, Guo X, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Huang X. Microplastic distribution and migration in soil, water and sediments in Caohai Lake under the different hydrological periods, Southwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161292. [PMID: 36596426 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of researchers have focused on microplastics (MPs) pollution in inland freshwater lakes due to its ecotoxicity, while little is known about the effects of hydrological periods on MPs distribution. Therefore, this study aims to investigate MPs distribution, morphological characteristics and physicochemical indices in various environments in dry and wet periods in Caohai Lake. The results exhibited that cultivated soil, water, and sediment in Caohai Lake have been polluted by MPs in dry and wet periods. There were pellets, fragments, film, and fibers of MPs in both dry and wet periods, and MP foam was additionally found in the wet period. MPs with 0 to 0.5 mm possessed the largest proportion in the five environments in dry and wet periods, followed by MPs with 0.5 to 1 mm and 1 to 5 mm. In Caohai Lake, the black, white, green, red, and transparent MPs in dry period, and black, colourful, grey, red and transparent MPs in wet period were found. The developed structural equation model confirmed that MPs in sediment were probably mainly from soil. There are negative effects of the relative abundance of MPs from cultivated soil to lake water in the dry period, whereas the opposite is true in the wet period. Interestingly, the complex and fast water velocity in the estuary in the wet period led to a lower relative abundance of MPs in its sediment in comparison with the dry period. The distribution model of MPs in estuary and lake water in dry and wet periods is not inconsistent. Our results suggest that the related government department should take measures to reduce the MPs pollution in Caohai Lake, especially from the source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Wu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, China; Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550009, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, China; Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550009, China.
| | - Jiachun Zhang
- Guizhou Botanical Garden, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xianfei Huang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
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Goswami P, Selvakumar N, Verma P, Saha M, Suneel V, Vinithkumar NV, Dharani G, Rathore C, Nayak J. Microplastic intrusion into the zooplankton, the base of the marine food chain: Evidence from the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:160876. [PMID: 36539089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the marine environment, yet information regarding their occurrence in the food web is limited. We investigated the concentration and composition of MPs in water and diverse zooplankton groups from the Arabian Sea basin. Forty-one zooplankton tows were collected with a bongo net (330 μm mesh) from the Arabian Sea in January 2019. MPs in the surface water varied between 0 and 0.055 particles/m3, with a relatively higher concentration (0.013 ± 0.002 particles/m3) in the central Arabian Sea. Though fibrous MPs were most abundant in the seawater (77.14 %), zooplankton prefers small fragments (55.3 %). The size of MPs was distinctly smaller (277.1 ± 46.74 μm) in zooplankton than that in seawater (864.32 ± 73.72 μm), and MPs bioaccumulation was observed in almost all the zooplankton functional groups. Polymer composition revealed polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, and PVC were abundant in water and zooplankton, suggesting that the textile, fishing, shipping, and packaging industries are significant sources. The prevailing northeasterly winds, strong West India Coastal Current, and conducive westward radiated Rossby wave during January 2019 have carried the microplastic contaminated water mass away from the coast, posing a threat to the open ocean ecosystems. These results demand further attention to investigate the state of plastic pollution in the Arabian Sea basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasun Goswami
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Port Blair, 744103, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
| | - Narasimman Selvakumar
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Port Blair, 744103, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India; Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Pankaj Verma
- Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Chennai 600 100, India
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - V Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - Nambali Valsalan Vinithkumar
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Port Blair, 744103, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Gopal Dharani
- Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Chennai 600 100, India
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jibananand Nayak
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Port Blair, 744103, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
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Park TJ, Kim MK, Lee SH, Kim MJ, Lee YS, Lee BM, Seong KS, Park JH, Zoh KD. Temporal and spatial distribution of microplastic in the sediment of the Han River, South Korea. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137831. [PMID: 36640985 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sediments are sinks for microplastics (MPs) in freshwater environments. It is, therefore, necessary to investigate the occurrence and fate of accumulated MPs in the sediments, which pose a risk to aquatic organisms. We conducted the first comprehensive investigation of MPs in riverine sediment in South Korea to examine the temporal and spatial distribution of MPs in the sediment at the two main branches and downstream of the Han River. The average abundance of MPs over all sites was 0.494 ± 0.280 particles/g. Spatially, the MP abundance at three sites in the North Han River (0.546 ± 0.217 particles/g) was higher than those in the South Han River (0.383 ± 0.145 particles/g) and downstream of the Han River (0.417 ± 0.114 particles/g). The abundances of MPs before dams at two upstream sites were significantly higher than that at other sites because of the slow river flow velocity attributed to the artificial structure. The abundance of MPs after the mosoon season (October, 0.600 ± 0.357 particles/g) was higher than that before the mosoon season (April, 0.389 ± 0.099 particles/g). The most common polymer types observed were polyethylene (>38%) and polypropylene (>24%). Irrespective of the location and season, greater than 93% of MPs identified were fragments, and the remaining were fibers. The concentrations of TOC, TN, and TP in the sediment were positively correlated with MP abundance. MP abundance was also positively correlated with clay and silt fractions of the sediment; however, it was negatively correlated with sand fraction. This study provides a basis for the management of MP pollution by offering findings related to critical factors influencing MP abundance in sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Jin Park
- Water Environmental Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Moon-Kyung Kim
- Institute of Health & Environment Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Lee
- Water Environmental Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Mun-Ju Kim
- Water Environmental Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Water Environmental Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Lee
- Han River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
| | - Ki-Seon Seong
- Han River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyoung Park
- Water Environmental Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Duk Zoh
- Institute of Health & Environment Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Amrutha K, Shajikumar S, Warrier AK, Sebastian JG, Sali YA, Chandran T, Sivadas S, Naik R, Amrish VN, Kumar A, Unnikrishnan V. Assessment of pollution and risks associated with microplastics in the riverine sediments of the Western Ghats: a heritage site in southern India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:32301-32319. [PMID: 36462078 PMCID: PMC10017654 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
There is very little knowledge on microplastic pollution in the Western Ghats (WG), a heritage site in southwest India. To address this, we have studied the spatiotemporal variations of sedimentary microplastics (MPs) from the River Sharavathi, a pristine river in the Western Ghats (WG), southern India. The rich biodiversity in the region makes it relevant to analyse the distribution of this emerging pollutant that is causing harm to the biota and the ecosystem. We analysed the sedimentological and carbon content (organic and inorganic) of these sediments and explored their relationship with MPs. Finally, risk assessment indices such as the Pollution Load Index (PLI), the Polymer Hazard Index (PHI), and the Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) were calculated to detect the levels of plastic pollution. The concentration of MPs ranged from 2.5 to 57.5 pieces/kg and 0 to 15 pieces/kg during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. The dip in the MPs' abundance during the post-monsoon season was due to the extremely high rainfall in the river basin during July-August 2019, which would have entrained the sedimentary MPs and transported them to the coast/Arabian Sea. Smaller MPs (0.3-1 mm) were more abundant than the larger MPs (1-5 mm), mainly due to the breakdown of sedimentary plastics by physical processes. Fragments, films, foams, and fibres were the main categories of MPs, and the main polymers were polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polypropylene. No significant relationship was observed between the sedimentological properties and microplastics, which may be due to the different physical properties of sediments and microplastics. The PLI, PHI, and PERI indices suggest different contamination levels in the river basin. Based on the PLI scores, all the samples belong to the hazardous level I suggesting minor risk category, and the risk of microplastic pollution falls under the high to hazardous risk category based on the PHI values. The PERI value ranged from 160 to 440 and 40 to 2240 during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. The risk assessment in a region known for its rich biodiversity is crucial, as the data can be used by the district administration to mitigate plastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaniyambadi Amrutha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sachin Shajikumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Anish Kumar Warrier
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
- Centre for Climate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Joju George Sebastian
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Yamuna Adichinalniravel Sali
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Thara Chandran
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Department of Public Health Dentistry, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS), Mangalore, 574199, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanitha Sivadas
- National Centre for Coastal Research, NIOT Campus, Velacherry-Tambaram Main Road, Pallikaranai, Chennai - 600100, India
| | - Ravidas Naik
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Headland Sada, Vasco-da-Gama, 403804, Goa, India
| | - Vadakkeveedu Narayan Amrish
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vishnu Unnikrishnan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
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Silori R, Shrivastava V, Mazumder P, Mootapally C, Pandey A, Kumar M. Understanding the underestimated: Occurrence, distribution, and interactions of microplastics in the sediment and soil of China, India, and Japan. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:120978. [PMID: 36586556 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are non-biodegradable substances that can sustain our environment for up to a century. What is more worrying is the incapability of modern technologies to annihilate MPs from om environment. One ramification of MPs is their impact on every kind of life form on this planet, which has been discussed ahead; that is why these substances are surfacing in everyday discussions of scholars and researchers. This paper discusses the overview of the global occurrence, abundance, analysis, and remediation techniques of MPs in the environment. This paper primarily reviews the event and abundance of MPs in coastal sediments and agricultural soil of three major Asian countries, India, China, and Japan. A significant concentration of MPs has been recorded from these countries, which affirms its strong presence and subsequent environmental impacts. Concentrations such as 73,100 MPs/kg in Indian coastal sediments and 42,960 particles/kg in the agricultural soil of China is a solid testimony to prove their massive outbreak in our environment and require urgent attention towards this issue. Conclusions show that human activities, rivers, and plastic mulching on agricultural fields have majorly acted as carriers of MPs towards coastal and terrestrial soil and sediments. Later, based on recorded concentrations and gaps, future research studies are recommended in the concerned domain; a dearth of studies on MPs influencing Indian agricultural soil make a whole sector and its consumer vulnerable to the adverse effects of this emerging contaminant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Silori
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Vikalp Shrivastava
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Payal Mazumder
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Chandrashekar Mootapally
- School of Applied Sciences & Technology (SAST), Gujarat Technological University (GTU), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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Nayeri D, Mousavi SA, Almasi A, Asadi A. Microplastic abundance, distribution, and characterization in freshwater sediments in Iran: a case study in Kermanshah city. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:49817-49828. [PMID: 36781678 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on abundance, distribution, and characteristics of microplastics (MPs) in freshwater sediments of Sarab Niloofar Lake, Kermanshah, Iran. After selecting an appropriate method for extraction of MPs, the characterization such as polymer types, surface morphology, and trace elements has been determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopic, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis, respectively. The results highlighted that all sampling locations were contaminated by MP abundance ranged from 1733.33 to 4400 items kg-1 d.w with an average of 2483.59 ± 805.30 items kg-1 d.w. MPs with a size range of 0.025 to 1 mm (25-1000 μm) were the most frequently detected MPs in size (62%). Furthermore, the MPs found in this area mainly contain fiber (61%), fragment (19%), film (9%), foam (6%), and pallet (5%). The main color for detected MPs in sampling stations was black (51%) and followed by white/transparent (27%), red (11%), blue (7%), and yellow (4%). The results of polymer identification revealed that the polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and polypropylene were the principal polymers. This research work emphasized that various types of MPs have been distributed in freshwater sediments of Sarab Niloofar Lake, which is a first useful data for MPs in one the most important Kermanshah's tourist area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Nayeri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyyed Alireza Mousavi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Ali Almasi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Anvar Asadi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Department, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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De K, Sautya S, Dora GU, Gaikwad S, Katke D, Salvi A. Mangroves in the "Plasticene": High exposure of coastal mangroves to anthropogenic litter pollution along the Central-West coast of India. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160071. [PMID: 36356762 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic litter is a ubiquitous stressor in the global ocean, and poses ominous threats to oceanic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. At the terrestrial-ocean interface, tropical mangrove forests are subject to substantial exposure to mismanaged litter from inland and marine sources. While the effects of litter in different marine ecosystems are well-documented, research on the ecological consequences of litter pollution on mangroves remain nascent stage. Here, we investigated anthropogenic litter concentration, composition, probable sources, and impact on coastal mangroves along the Central West coast of India. The mean concentration of trapped litter was measured 8.5 ± 1.9 items/m2 (ranged 1.4 ̶ 26.9 items/m2), and 10.6 ± 0.5 items/tree (ranged 0 ̶ 85 items/tree) on the mangrove floor and mangrove canopy, respectively. Plastic dominated 83.02 % of all litter deposited on the mangrove forest floor and 93.4 % of all entangled litter on mangrove canopy. Most litter comprised single-use plastic products across all surveyed locations. Mangrove floor cleanliness was assessed using several indices, such as Clean Coast Index, General Index, Hazardous Items Index, and Pollution Load Index, reiterating an inferior cleanliness status. The pollution load index indicates "Hazard level I" plastic pollution risk across the mangroves. Litter concentration differed markedly across all sites. However, a significantly higher concentration of stranded litter was detected in the densely populated urban agglomeration and rural areas with inadequate solid waste management. Probable sources of litter indicate land-based (local) and sea-originated (fishing). Supportive information on the transport and accumulation of marine litter is examined based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System (CFS) model version 2 reanalysis of surface wind and current pattern across the Arabian Sea followed by MIKE simulated tide-induced coastal current. Mangrove pneumatophores and branches were found to be damaged by entangled plastics. Hence, determining litter quantum and their probable input source is pivotal in mitigating anthropogenic litter impact on mangrove ecosystems and fostering mangrove conservation. Overall, results envisage that stringent enforcement, implementation of an integrated solid waste management framework, and general behavioral change of the public are crucial to mitigate litter/plastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan De
- Laboratory of Benthic Trait Analysis (L-BETA), CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Mumbai, Maharashtra 400053, India.
| | - Sabyasachi Sautya
- Laboratory of Benthic Trait Analysis (L-BETA), CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Mumbai, Maharashtra 400053, India.
| | - G Udhaba Dora
- Physical Oceanography Division, CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Mumbai, Maharashtra 400053, India
| | - Santosh Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Benthic Trait Analysis (L-BETA), CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Mumbai, Maharashtra 400053, India
| | - Dinesh Katke
- Laboratory of Benthic Trait Analysis (L-BETA), CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Mumbai, Maharashtra 400053, India
| | - Aditya Salvi
- Laboratory of Benthic Trait Analysis (L-BETA), CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Mumbai, Maharashtra 400053, India
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Harikrishnan T, Janardhanam M, Sivakumar P, Sivakumar R, Rajamanickam K, Raman T, Thangavelu M, Muthusamy G, Singaram G. Microplastic contamination in commercial fish species in southern coastal region of India. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137486. [PMID: 36513204 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to its potential impact on food safety and human health, commercial species that have been contaminated with microplastics (MPs) are drawing more attention on a global scale. This study investigated the possibility of MPs contamination in different marine fish species with substantial commercial value that was captured off the south coast of India, from Adyar and Ennore regions. Over the course of six months, from October 2019 to March 2020, 220 fish were examined. It was discovered that the gills and guts had accumulated more numbers of MPs (1115 MPs) of which 68% were fibres and fragments. The commercial fish samples contained an average of 3.2-7.6 MPs per fish. Greater MPs pollution is seen in the Ennore regions. The prevalence of MPs was observed in carnivorous and planktivorous fish collected from both the sites. Fish guts contained the most MPs, according to the data. Pelagic fish accounted for the least amount of MPs, followed by mid- and demersal fish. Four different types of polymers were also identified in the present study: polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyamide. These results clearly showed the degree of microplastic contamination in fish tissues from the south Indian coastal regions of Adyar and Ennore. These results we hope will create a baseline data for MPs contamination in commercial fish species. The presence of MPs in the fish could have detrimental effects both on the environment and human health and thus comprehensive steps are required to prevent plastic pollution of the environment in south India's coastal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilagam Harikrishnan
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Chennai, 600 030, India
| | - Madhuvandhi Janardhanam
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Chennai, 600 030, India
| | - Priya Sivakumar
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Chennai, 600 030, India
| | - Rekha Sivakumar
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Chennai, 600 030, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Rajamanickam
- PG and Research Department of Zoology and Aquaculture, Government Arts College for Men (Autonomous), (Affiliated to University of Madras), Chennai, 600 035, India
| | - Thiagarajan Raman
- Department of Zoology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda College (Autonomous), Chennai, 600 004, India
| | - Muthukumar Thangavelu
- Dept BIN Convergence Tech & Dept PolymerNano Sci & Tech, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-dearo, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Govarthanan Muthusamy
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India.
| | - Gopalakrishnan Singaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Dwaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav College, Chennai, 600106, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Gurjar UR, Xavier KAM, Shukla SP, Takar S, Jaiswar AK, Deshmukhe G, Nayak BB. Seasonal distribution and abundance of microplastics in the coastal sediments of north eastern Arabian Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114545. [PMID: 36608479 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports site-specific data on the seasonal variation in microplastic abundance and characteristics in coastal sediments along the North Eastern Arabian Sea, India. The abundance of MP in coastal sediments ranged from 4400 to 15,300 items/kg dry weight (DW), with the dominance of the size ranging between 100 and 500 μm. In the studied sediment samples, fibers were the most dominant form, followed by fragments. Ten different microplastics polymers were recorded during the study with dominance of polyethylene, polyester, polyamide and all the recorded plastic items in the sediments were denser than water, except polyethylene. The mean abundance of MP in sediments was significantly higher in the monsoon season. During this season, freshwater flow increases to the sea, which brings a higher concentration of microplastics from catchment areas. For a better insight, more time-series data and research are required to assess the source of MP pollution, understand spatial-temporal variations in MP abundance and their possible hazardous impacts on marine organisms and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udai Ram Gurjar
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-Harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400 061, Maharashtra, India; Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Parsauni, RPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur 845 458, Bihar, India
| | - K A Martin Xavier
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-Harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400 061, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Satya Prakash Shukla
- Aquatic Environmental Management Department, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400 061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suman Takar
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, CGKV, Kawardha 491 995, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Jaiswar
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-Harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400 061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Geetanjali Deshmukhe
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-Harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400 061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-Harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400 061, Maharashtra, India
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Reineccius J, Schönke M, Waniek JJ. Abiotic Long-Term Simulation of Microplastic Weathering Pathways under Different Aqueous Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:963-975. [PMID: 36584307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are one of the most abundant and widespread anthropogenic pollutants worldwide. In addition to the global spread and threats of plastic to native species by carrying toxic substances, its slow degradation rate and resulting long retention time in the environment constitute a problem that is still poorly understood. In this study, five of the most manufactured plastic types were weathered under simulated beach conditions for 18 months in freshwater, brackish water, and seawater. Those included polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). PP was the first polymer type that fragmented after 9 months of weathering and influenced the pH of the surrounding water. Molecular surface changes were detected for all polymers, just after the first week. Hydroxyl bonds were one of the first groups incorporated into the polymers, weakening 2-3 weeks later. Carbonyl groups were also measured early, but with significantly different developments with time between the polymer types. Differences in degradation rates were proven between the water media, with the fastest degradation in seawater compared to brackish water and freshwater for PE and PP. These results are consistent with previous findings on MPs aged under environmental conditions and provide initial long-term observations of MP degradation pathways under simulated environmental conditions. These findings are valuable for assessing the fate and hazards of MPs in aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janika Reineccius
- Leibniz Institute of Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, Rostock 18119, Germany
| | - Mischa Schönke
- Leibniz Institute of Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, Rostock 18119, Germany
| | - Joanna J Waniek
- Leibniz Institute of Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, Rostock 18119, Germany
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Ashjar N, Keshavarzi B, Moore F, Zarei M, Busquets R, Zebarjad SM, Mohammadi Z. Microplastics (MPs) distribution in Surface Sediments of the Freidounkenar Paddy Wetland. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120799. [PMID: 36462675 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to increase knowledge on the distribution of microplastics (MPs) in wetlands because these are sites of special ecological value and the ever-growing use of plastic can threaten such fragile ecosystems. This research assesses, for the first time, the occurrence of MPs in surface sediment of the Freidounkenar International Wetland (Northern Iran), a valuable habitat for migratory birds. A total of 1368 MP/kg were identified in the surface sediments of the wetland. The distribution of MPs in sediments per area was Ezbaran (36.5%), Western Sorkhrood (32.0%), Freidounkenar (20.1%) and Eastern Sorkhrood Ab-bandans (11.4%). The most contaminated sites were located close to agricultural fields, Damgahs (agroecosystems for birds), fishing areas and roads. Fibers and white-transparent and black-grey MPs constituted the dominant MPs in the surface sediment. The most abundant MPs were < 250 μm and these were made of nylon, polypropylene-low density polyethylene copolymer, polystyrene, low density polyethylene and polypropylene. The identification of MPs was carried out visually and supported with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and micro-Raman techniques. There were weathering signs in large proportion of the MPs, according to SEM analysis, which evidences their formation from the degradation of other plastics. This is a comprehensive study on MPs in surface sediment of this sensitive internationally recognized ecosystem with high ecological value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Ashjar
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rosa Busquets
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Zebarjad
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zargham Mohammadi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
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Li Q, Yuan M, Chen Y, Jin X, Shangguan J, Cui J, Chang S, Guo M, Wang Y. The neglected potential source of microplastics from daily necessities: A study on protective mobile phone cases. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129911. [PMID: 36103764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution has become a serious global environment problem. It is therefore of practical significance to investigate the MP pollution caused by using plastic materials on a daily basis. In this study, different protective mobile phone cases (PMPCs) were selected as a representative plastic commodity that are in contact with the human body for long periods to explore the generation and transportation of MPs during 3 months of actual use. The average abundances were 1122 particles cm-2 on the PMPC and 314 particles cm-2 on the palm, respectively. There were four main kinds of MPs produced during the use of different PMPCs, which indicated that waste plastics may be recycled and used as raw materials, resulting in a complex PMPC composition. The median sizes of MPs on the surfaces of PMPCs and palms were 28 and 32 µm, respectively, which were smaller than the sizes reported in other studies. The combined effect of ultraviolet ageing and friction was the main reason for MP generation during daily PMPC use. Based on the results of a fitted regression equation and Monte Carlo simulation, the sharply generation of MPs may occur when PMPC was used for approximately 33 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilu Li
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Meng Yuan
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xinjie Jin
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Jingfang Shangguan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China.
| | - Jinle Cui
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Shixiang Chang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Mengran Guo
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Gül MR. Short-term tourism alters abundance, size, and composition of microplastics on sandy beaches. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120561. [PMID: 36328281 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have become a global threat to sandy beach ecosystems. To efficiently manage this threat, potential sources of microplastics should be deeply understood, which requires direct evidence as this is always a challenging task. Previous studies have reported various sources; however, the topic still needs attention to identify other potential sources of microplastics on sandy shores. Therefore, the abundance, size, color, shape, and polymer type of microplastics on nine sandy shores of the Turkish Coast of the Black Sea were examined before and after the regular tourism season to understand whether short-term tourism might be an important source. A total of 3402 microplastic items from 270 sand samples were obtained and examined. Both the abundance and the average size of the microplastics increased after the tourism season associated with the potential number of visitors and beach cleaning efforts. Further, the color, shape, and polymer type of microplastics varied between sampling times. Beach cleaning seemed to be an efficient way to minimize the adverse effect of short-term tourism influence. This study clearly identifies short-term tourism as an important source of microplastics on sandy shores and beach cleaning as an important tool to minimize microplastic abundance. The results of this study are important insights into current literature by identifying another source of microplastics on sandy shores, which should be useful for the potential management actions to reduce the harm of these global pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Remzi Gül
- Fatsa Faculty of Marine Sciences, Ordu University, Ordu, 52400, Turkey.
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Valente T, Ventura D, Matiddi M, Sbrana A, Silvestri C, Piermarini R, Jacomini C, Costantini ML. Image processing tools in the study of environmental contamination by microplastics: reliability and perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:298-309. [PMID: 35902515 PMCID: PMC9813107 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is one of the greatest environmental concerns for contemporary times and the future. In the last years, the number of publications about microplastic contamination has increased rapidly and the list is daily updated. However, the lack of standard analytical approaches might generate data inconsistencies, reducing the comparability among different studies. The present study investigates the potential of two image processing tools (namely the shapeR package for R and ImageJ 1.52v) in providing an accurate characterization of the shape of microplastics using a restricted set of shape descriptors. To ascertain that the selected tools can measure small shape differences, we perform an experiment to verify the detection of pre-post variations in the shape of different microplastic types (i.e., nylon [NY], polyethylene [PE], polyethylene terephthalate [PET], polypropylene [PP], polystyrene [PS], and polyvinylchloride [PVC]) treated with mildly corrosive chemicals (i.e., 10% KOH at 60 °C, 30% H2O2 at 50 °C, and 15% H2O2 + 5% HNO3 at 40 °C; incubation time ≈ 12 h). Analysis of surface area variations returns results about the vulnerability of plastic polymers to digestive solutions that are aligned with most of the acquired knowledge. The largest decrease in surface area occurs for KOH-treated PET particles, while NY results in the most susceptible polymer to the 30% H2O2 treatment, followed by PVC and PS. PE and PP are the most resistant polymers to all the used treatments. The adopted methods to characterize microplastics seem reliable tools for detecting small differences in the shape and size of these particles. Then, the analytic perspectives that can be developed using such widely accessible and low-cost equipment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Valente
- Department of Environmental Biology, La Sapienza' University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, RM, Italy.
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128, Rome, RM, Italy.
| | - Daniele Ventura
- Department of Environmental Biology, La Sapienza' University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Marco Matiddi
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128, Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Alice Sbrana
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128, Rome, RM, Italy
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via della Ricerca Scientifica snc, 00133, Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Cecilia Silvestri
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128, Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Raffaella Piermarini
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128, Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Carlo Jacomini
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128, Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Costantini
- Department of Environmental Biology, La Sapienza' University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, RM, Italy
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Li Y, Xiao P, Donnici S, Cheng J, Tang C. Spatial and seasonal distribution of microplastics in various environmental compartments around Sishili Bay of North Yellow Sea, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 186:114372. [PMID: 36442313 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution in the marine environment is closely linked to human activities, particularly in coastal areas. Seasonal samples were collected on the beach, in rivers, surface water, bottom water, and subtidal sediments from May 2019 to February 2020. Microplastics in environment metrices showed different seasonal variation characteristics of both abundance and shapes, and their spatial distribution varied in different environment metrices. The most common shapes of microplastic in water and sediment were fibers and fragments. Foams were evident on the beach sand with seasonal distribution. Results from this study show that microplastics in coastal areas are vulnerable to human activities, such as marine aquaculture and fishery activity. The variation in vertical profiles indicated the presence of a complicated mechanism in water column. The typical microplastics inventory suggested sediment as the main sink in coastal area. More investigations are needed to understand the distribution of microplastic in the coastal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, CAS, Qingdao, China
| | - Pei Xiao
- Marine Environmental monitoring and Forecast Centre, Yantai Municipal Bureau of Marine Development and Fisheries, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Sandra Donnici
- National Research Council, Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via Gradenigo, 6, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Jiaojiao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, CAS, Qingdao, China.
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Maw MM, Boontanon N, Fujii S, Boontanon SK. Rapid and efficient removal of organic matter from sewage sludge for extraction of microplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158642. [PMID: 36096229 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is recognized as an emerging global issue; however, no standardized method for the extraction of these pollutants from the environment currently exists and existing methods are ineffective for specific environmental matrices. An appropriate organic matter removal method is essential for the extraction of microplastics from organic-rich sludge to minimize interference during their identification and enhance compatibility of the identification steps. The present study aimed to establish an effective technique for the digestion of organic matter-rich sludge using hydrogen peroxide and Fenton's reagent at varying temperatures, times, and concentrations of an iron catalyst. The organic matter removal efficiency of the five protocols utilized varied from 81.5 % to 87.1 %. Polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) retained most of their physical and chemical properties after the treatments, with minor changes in the surface area, weight, and FTIR spectra properties. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PET fiber, polyamide (PA) fiber, and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) fiber were significantly degraded via treating with H2O2 at 50 °C for 24 h. Protocol 4, treating with Fenton's reagent (H2O2 (30 %) + (0.05 M) FeSO4.7H2O) at 50 °C for 1 h is proposed as a rapid and effective method for the removal of organic matter from sludge. In addition to its rapidity, this method minimally impacts most polymers, and its high organic matter removal efficiency is associated with a significant reduction of suspended solids in sludge. The present study provides a validated approach that facilitates as an effective organic removal step during the extraction of MPs in sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Me Me Maw
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhonpathom 73710, Thailand
| | - Narin Boontanon
- Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Nakhonpathom 73710, Thailand
| | - Shigeo Fujii
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Suwanna Kitpati Boontanon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhonpathom 73710, Thailand; Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Naidu BC, Xavier KAM, Shukla SP, Jaiswar AK, Nayak BB. Microplastics in the foreshore coastal waters, sediment, and coastal fauna of a highly populated megacity - A study on the effect of anthropogenic discharge on clams. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114262. [PMID: 36283152 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the microplastics (MPs) abundance, characteristics and their variations across three popular beaches of highly populated and largest megacity of India were documented using clams as an indicator species. The abundance of MPs in clams was 77.39 MPs items/g in soft tissue parts and 198.82 items/individual, while in coastal waters and sediments the abundance was 537.5 ± 95 items/L and 10,568.3 ± 3053.3 items/kg respectively. The observed higher microplastic diversity integrated (MDII) indicates numerous sources contributing to microplastics pollution and higher microplastic index (MPI) indicates greater bioavailability of MPs to clams. The bulk of the microplastics recovered from clams (55.78 %), coastal sediments (52.27 %) and coastal sea waters (54 %) belong to the <100 μm size range, and were identified as LDPE and polypropylene, polyamide and polystyrene. This investigation tried to validate the potential trophic transfer concerns associated with clam intake to both human health and marine ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bejawada Chanikya Naidu
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-Harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - K A Martin Xavier
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-Harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Satya Prakash Shukla
- Aquatic Environmental Management Department, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Jaiswar
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-Harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-Harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
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