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Zhao S, Liu Y, Sun C, Wang X, Hou C, Teng J, Zhao J, Fang Y, Wang Q. The pollution characteristics and risk assessment of microplastics in mollusks collected from the Bohai Sea. Sci Total Environ 2024; 913:169739. [PMID: 38163610 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution in the marine environment has become a global problem. In this study, a number of 21 mollusk species (n = 2006) with different feeding habits were collected from 11 sites along the Bohai Sea for MPs uptake analysis. The MPs in mollusk samples were isolated and identified by micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (μ-FTIR), and an assessment of the health risks of MPs ingested by mollusk consumption is also conducted. Approximately 91.9 % of the individuals among all the collected species inhaled MPs, and there was an average abundance of 3.30 ± 2.04 items·individual-1 or 1.04 ± 0.74 items·g-1 of wet weight. The shape of MPs was mainly fiber, and a total number of 8 polymers were detected, of which rayon had the highest detection rate (58.3 %). The highest abundance, uptake rate and polymer composition of MPs was observed in creeping types, suggesting that they might ingest these MPs from their food. The gastropod Siphonalia subdilatata contains the highest levels of MPs, which may increase the risk of human exposure if consumed whole without removing the digestive gland. The polymer risk level of MPs in these mollusks was Level III (H = 299), presenting harmful MPs such as polyvinyl chloride. In terms of human exposure risk, the average risk of human exposure to MPs through consumption of Bohai mollusks is estimated to be 3399 items·(capita·year)-1 (424-9349 items·(capita·year)-1). Overall, this study provides a basis for the ecological and health Risk assessment of MPs in mollusks collected from the coastline of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Yongliang Liu
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Chaofan Sun
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Chaowei Hou
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Jia Teng
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Yan Fang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China.
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Ahmed M, Phukan B, Talukdar A, Ahmed I, Sarma J, Ali A, Gogoi R, Borah K, Xavier M. Assessment of microplastic contamination in the gastrointestinal tracts of indigenous fishes from north eastern hill regions of Bhogdoi, a tributary of River Brahmaputra, India. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:121124-121137. [PMID: 37950117 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution in freshwater environments has drawn considerable attention over the decades due to the risk posed by MPs to the aquatic fauna and human health. In this study, the occurrence of MPs was assessed from the gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of indigenous fishes from Bhogdoi River, a tributary of River Brahmaputra, northeast hill region, Assam, India. All the fish species (n = 180) analysed showed 100% occurrence of MPs sampled from three stations of River Bhogdoi. A total of 488 microplastic particles were recorded from GIT of fishes collected. The mean abundance of MPs was highest in Station-II (7.64 ± 2.77 numbers individual-1) with lowest in S-I (3.17 ± 0.99 numbers individual-1). The MP size of 100-500 μm, MP shape of fibre (43.33%) and fragments (35.33%), blue colour MPs (26-37%) and polymer type PA (23-30%) were most prevalent in fishes analysed from River Bhogdoi. The mean abundance of MPs was higher in herbivore fishes (8.52 ± 1.22 numbers individual-1) as compared to carnivorous and omnivorous fish species with highest abundance in Labeo rohita (12.11 ± 2.13 numbers individual-1). Fibre and fragments with size range of 100-500 μm were dominant among all the feeding habits. Blue and black colour MPs were abundant among herbivore and carnivore fishes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results confirmed that polyamide and polypropylene were the most abundant MP polymer in the fishes analysed. The present study provides baseline information of MPs in River Bhogdoi, Assam, for its future monitoring and assessment of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ahmed
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Bipul Phukan
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India.
| | - Avinash Talukdar
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Imtiaz Ahmed
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Jiten Sarma
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Ayub Ali
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Rinku Gogoi
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Kankana Borah
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, AAU, Raha, Assam, 782103, India
| | - Martin Xavier
- Department of Quality Assurance and Management, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Coachin-682029, Kerala, India
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Giani D, Andolina C, Baini M, Panti C, Sciandra M, Vizzini S, Fossi MC. Trophic niche influences ingestion of micro- and mesoplastics in pelagic and demersal fish from the Western Mediterranean Sea. Environ Pollut 2023; 328:121632. [PMID: 37059168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution has been extensively documented in the marine food web, but targeted studies focusing on the relationship between microplastic ingestion and fish trophic niches are still limited. In this study we investigated the frequency of occurrence and the abundance of micro- and mesoplastics (MMPs) in eight fish species with different feeding habits from the western Mediterranean Sea. Stable isotope analysis (δ13C and δ15N) was used to describe the trophic niche and its metrics for each species. A total of 139 plastic items were found in 98 out of the 396 fish analysed (25%). The bogue revealed the highest occurrence with 37% of individuals with MMPs in their gastrointestinal tract, followed by the European sardine (35%). We highlighted how some of the assessed trophic niche metrics seem to influence MMPs occurrence. Fish species with a wider isotopic niche and higher trophic diversity were more probable to ingest plastic particles in pelagic, benthopelagic and demersal habitats. Additionally, fish trophic habits, habitat and body condition influenced the abundance of ingested MMPs. A higher number of MMPs per individual was found in zooplanktivorous than in benthivore and piscivorous species. Similarly, our results show a higher plastic particles ingestion per individual in benthopelagic and pelagic species than in demersal species, which also resulted in lower body condition. Altogether, these results suggest that feeding habits and trophic niche descriptors can play a significant role in the ingestion of plastic particles in fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Giani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cristina Andolina
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, DiSTeM, University of Palermo, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Marine Sciences, CoNISMa, Rome, Italy.
| | - Matteo Baini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cristina Panti
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Italy
| | - Mariangela Sciandra
- Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatrice Vizzini
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, DiSTeM, University of Palermo, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Marine Sciences, CoNISMa, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Fossi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Italy
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Petruželová J, Bojková J, Sychra J, de Donnová S, Vrba J, Polášková V, Seifert L, Šorfová V, Kopáček J. Accelerated recovery of lake macroinvertebrates in the third decade since the reversal of acidification. Sci Total Environ 2023:164553. [PMID: 37269987 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reversal from acidification has been progressing in European freshwaters since the late 1980s, responding to successful control of atmospheric pollution by acidifying emissions. However, biological recovery is often delayed after improvements in water composition. We studied macroinvertebrate recovery from acidification in eight glacial lakes in the Bohemian Forest (central Europe) between 1999 and 2019. The chemical composition of these lakes reflects a complex of environmental changes, dominated by a very steep decline in acid deposition and, currently, by elevated nutrient leaching following climate-induced tree dieback within their catchments. Temporal trends in species richness, abundance, species traits and community composition were evaluated with regard to water chemistry, littoral habitat properties and fish colonisation. The results showed accelerated recovery of macroinvertebrates following two decades of gradual improvement in water composition and slowly progressing biological rehabilitation. We observed a significant increase in macroinvertebrate species richness and abundance, coupled with distinct changes in community composition, the extent of changes varying between lakes, reflecting different littoral habitat properties (vegetated vs. stony) and water chemistry. Overall, the communities shifted toward more specialised (grazers, filterers, and phytophilous species) and acid-tolerant taxa at the expense of detritivorous, eurytopic and acid-resistant taxa. Where fish reappeared, open-water taxa declined greatly. Compositional changes were likely driven by the combined effects of water chemistry reversal, rehabilitation of habitat conditions and fish colonisation. Despite favourable trends, communities in recovering lakes still lack several biotic elements, particularly less vagile, acid-sensitive taxa and specialised herbivores known from the regional species pool. It is expected that future progress in lake recovery will be further promoted or inhibited by stochastic colonisation or disturbance events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Petruželová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřiška Bojková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Sychra
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Selma de Donnová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Vrba
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Science, Na Sádkách 702, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Vendula Polášková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Linda Seifert
- Bavarian Forest National Park, Freyungerstraße 2, D-94481 Grafenau, Germany.
| | - Vanda Šorfová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kopáček
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Science, Na Sádkách 702, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Jiang L, Huang T, Liu Q, Zhong S, Shen D, Chen A, Zhao Q. Transcriptome analysis of anorexic and preferred silkworms (Bombyx mori) on artificial diet. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2023; 46:101086. [PMID: 37163839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is an important oligophagous economic insect and feeding habits of different silkworm varieties to artificial diet are different. Research on the mechanisms of feeding habits on artificial diet, and breeding of silkworm varieties adapted on artificial diet, which is a necessary condition for industrial silkworm rearing, is currently lacking. For an artificial diet, Xin was anorexic, whereas Haoyue A showed a strong appetite. When the two varieties were crossed, the F1 generation showed a poor appetite for the artificial diet and had a setae dispersion rate of <50 %. However, the F2 generation, self-bred progeny of F1, had a good appetite for the artificial diet, with a setae dispersion rate of 70 %. Herein, transcriptome analysis was conducted on the F2 generation, comparing individuals with anorexic and preferred feeding habits, and 2188 differential genes were identified, with 1524 genes up-regulated and 934 genes down-regulated. Several genes were identified to contribute to feeding habits, such as genes involved olfactory system, energy supply, and cell proliferation and differentiation. GO enrichment revealed a large number of DEGs related to behavior, growth, signaling, developmental process, response to stimulation, and other pathways. Furthermore, proteins closely related to feeding were expressed differently. Some DEGs were selected for qRT-PCR, and results indicated the reliability of the DEG results. The DEGs between individuals with anorexic and preferred feeding habits were screened by RNA-Seq technology, which provides a reliable reference to study molecule mechanisms of feeding habits on artificial diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, China; Key Sericultural Laboratory of Shaanxi, Ankang University, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, China.
| | - Tianchen Huang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Key Sericultural Laboratory of Shaanxi, Ankang University, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, China.
| | - Shanshan Zhong
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, China.
| | - Dongxu Shen
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, China.
| | - Anli Chen
- Key Sericultural Laboratory of Shaanxi, Ankang University, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, China.
| | - Qiaoling Zhao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, China.
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Zeng Y, Han H, Gong Y, Qubi S, Chen M, Qiu L, Huang Y, Zhou H, Wei W. Feeding habits and foraging patch selection strategy of the giant panda in the Meigu Dafengding National Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:49125-49135. [PMID: 36773257 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25769-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite retaining a digestive system with carnivorous characteristics, the giant panda has now specialized to eat bamboo. Therefore, research on its feeding habits and foraging strategies has always been an important field in the study of giant panda population ecology. Located in the core distribution area of the giant panda population in the Liangshan mountains, the Meigu Dafengding Nature Reserve acts as the link between the major panda reserves in the Liangshan mountains and the key corridor zone connecting the giant panda populations in the east and west. This study was performed in 2017 and aimed to determine the feeding habits of giant pandas in this region, the heterogeneity of food resources in different seasons, and the selection strategy for foraging patches. To achieve this, we used the line transect method to investigate the giant panda population, collected fresh feces, analyzed the nutritional composition of bamboo samples, and set up a sampling grid of foraging patches in different seasonal distribution areas. It was found that wild giant pandas in the region spend most of the year at lower elevations(1939-3296 m) foraging for Yushania maculata and Yushania ailuropodina, and only move to higher elevations(2844-3770 m) in summer for Bashania fangiana. Their preferred foraging patches(n = 65) had certain topographical features, such as gentle slopes(< 25°) and closer proximity to water sources(< 500 m), and the nutritional quality of bamboo resources in foraging patches was significantly better than in those they avoided or rarely used. The food habits and foraging patch selection strategies of giant pandas in the Liangshan and Qinling mountains are relatively similar, and the results of this study can help provide a scientific basis for the conservation and management of wild giant panda habitats in different mountain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Han Han
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
- Liziping Giant Panda's Ecology and Conservation Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Nanchong, China
| | - Yihua Gong
- Sichuan Meigu Dafengding National Nature Reserve Administration, Meigu, China
| | - Shibu Qubi
- Sichuan Meigu Dafengding National Nature Reserve Administration, Meigu, China
| | - Minghua Chen
- Sichuan Meigu Dafengding National Nature Reserve Administration, Meigu, China
| | - Lan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Youyou Huang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
- Liziping Giant Panda's Ecology and Conservation Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Nanchong, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China.
- Liziping Giant Panda's Ecology and Conservation Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Nanchong, China.
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de Azevedo SM, do Nascimento LS, de Oliveira Silva L, de Almeida MG, Azevedo LS, Constantino WD, Bastos WR, Pestana IA. Flood pulse as a driving force of Pb variation in four fish guilds from Puruzinho Lake (western Amazon). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:38728-38737. [PMID: 36585592 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Brazilian Amazon is heavily impacted by mining activities, especially by gold and cassiterite mining. Pb is a contaminant released during cassiterite extraction, and it stands out for its high toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of flood pulse on Pb dynamics in four fish species with different feeding habits (Cichlapleiozona: carnivorous, Mylossomaduriventre: herbivorous, Prochilodus nigricans: detritivorous, and Serrasalmus rhombeus: piscivorous) over four hydrological periods in Puruzinho Lake (Brazilian Amazon), which receives water from the Madeira River. The risk assessment for daily Pb intake through the consumption of these fish by the local riverside population was also carried out. Fish species were sampled during four Amazonian hydrological periods: rising water, high water, falling water, and low water. Pb and stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) measurements were carried out on fish muscle. The flood pulse had the same effect on Pb concentrations of all the fish species regardless of their feeding habits, as we found a nonsignificant interaction between these variables. The Pb in fish muscle increased in the flood season (rising and high water) and decreased in the dry season (falling and low water). The Pb concentration in fish increased significantly with their trophic level (δ15N), evidencing the occurrence of biomagnification of the element along the trophic chain (R2 = 0.24). The main food source of the herbivorous fish (δ13C) was very distinct from that of the others, which had a large overlap in their values. Regarding risk assessment, the daily Pb intake through consumption of the herbivorous species during high water (17.82 ± 19.68 µg∙day-1) exceeded the limit determined by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of 12.5 µg∙day-1, representing a health risk to the riverside population of Puruzinho Lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Menezes de Azevedo
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Luiza Silva do Nascimento
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Layra de Oliveira Silva
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Gomes de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva Azevedo
- Divisão de Fauna E Flora, Gerência de Licenciamento, Diretoria de Licenciamento E Outorga, Instituto Água E Terra, Street Engenheiro Rebouças, 1206-Rebouças-CEP, Curitiba, Paraná, 80215-000, Brazil
| | - Wendel Dias Constantino
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos
- Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental Wolfgang C. Pfeiffer, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Av. Pres. Dutra, 2967-Olaria-CEP, Porto Velho, Rondônia, 76801-059, Brazil
| | - Inácio Abreu Pestana
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil.
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Loaiza-Lange A, Székely D, Torres-Carvajal O, Tinoco N, Salazar-Valenzuela D, Székely P. Feeding ecology of the Terciopelo pit viper snake ( Bothrops asper) in Ecuador. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14817. [PMID: 36785705 PMCID: PMC9921990 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoroughly documenting prey items and diet composition is crucial for understanding a predator's role in the ecosystem. In gape restricted predators, such as snakes, documenting and analyzing the type and size of the prey is important to interpret their ecological role. We describe the diet patterns of a species of venomous snake, the Terciopelo pit viper (Bothrops asper), from its Ecuadorian populations. Examining the gastrointestinal contents of museum specimens collected over an extensive area of the Pacific lowlands of Ecuador, we encountered 69 identifiable prey items from four major taxonomic groups (amphibians, centipedes, mammals, and reptiles). We evaluated the observed composition of prey to check for differences between sexes and size-classes. To complement our observations of the Terciopelo species complex throughout their distribution, we carried out a systematic literature review. Our data show an ontogenetic shift in diet, with a transition from more diverse diet in juveniles towards a mammal-specialized diet in adults, and distinct proportion of prey taxa between the sexes in the juvenile size class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaru Loaiza-Lange
- Museo de Zoología, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Diana Székely
- Museo de Zoología, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Laboratorio de Ecología Tropical y Servicios Ecosistémicos (EcoSs-Lab), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador,Research Center of the Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University Constanţa, Constanţa, Romania
| | - Omar Torres-Carvajal
- Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Nicolás Tinoco
- Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - David Salazar-Valenzuela
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb) e Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Indoamérica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Paul Székely
- Museo de Zoología, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Laboratorio de Ecología Tropical y Servicios Ecosistémicos (EcoSs-Lab), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador,Research Center of the Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University Constanţa, Constanţa, Romania
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9
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Valente T, Pelamatti T, Avio CG, Camedda A, Costantini ML, de Lucia GA, Jacomini C, Piermarini R, Regoli F, Sbrana A, Ventura D, Silvestri C, Matiddi M. One is not enough: Monitoring microplastic ingestion by fish needs a multispecies approach. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 184:114133. [PMID: 36150223 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of monitoring programs based on bioindicators is crucial for assessing the impact of microplastic ingestion on marine organisms. This study presents results from an Italian pilot action aimed at investigating the suitability of a monitoring strategy based on a multispecies approach. The benthic-feeder Mullus barbatus, the demersal species Merluccius merluccius, and the pelagic-feeder species of the genus Scomber were used to assess the environmental contamination by microplastics in three different marine areas, namely Ancona (Adriatic Sea), Anzio (Tyrrhenian Sea), and Oristano (Western Sardinia). Microplastic ingestion frequencies were higher in samples from Anzio (26.7 %) and Ancona (25.0 %) than Oristano (14.4 %), suggesting a relationship between microplastic bioavailability and the proximity to urban settlements and river flows. Furthermore, microplastic ingestion was affected by the feeding habits of the examined species. The detected differences reinforce the hypothesis that a multispecies approach is needed to evaluate microplastic ingestion by marine animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Valente
- 'La Sapienza' University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, RM, Italy; ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, RM, Italy.
| | - Tania Pelamatti
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Carlo Giacomo Avio
- Marche Polytechnic University, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), Via Brecce Bianche snc, 60131 Ancona, AN, Italy
| | - Andrea Camedda
- IAS-CNR, Institute of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in Marine Environment, National Research Council Oristano Section, Località Sa Mardini, 09170 Torregrande, OR, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Costantini
- 'La Sapienza' University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Andrea de Lucia
- IAS-CNR, Institute of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in Marine Environment, National Research Council Oristano Section, Località Sa Mardini, 09170 Torregrande, OR, Italy
| | - Carlo Jacomini
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Raffaella Piermarini
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Marche Polytechnic University, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), Via Brecce Bianche snc, 60131 Ancona, AN, Italy
| | - Alice Sbrana
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, RM, Italy; PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via della Ricerca Scientifica snc, 00133 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Daniele Ventura
- 'La Sapienza' University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Cecilia Silvestri
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Marco Matiddi
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, RM, Italy
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10
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Durkalec M, Martínez-Haro M, Nawrocka A, Pareja-Carrera J, Smits JEG, Mateo R. Factors influencing lead, mercury and other trace element exposure in birds from metal mining areas. Environ Res 2022; 212:113575. [PMID: 35644495 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-ferrous metal mining is considered one of the largest sources of toxic metal released to the environment and may threaten ecosystems, notably biota. We explored how birds that inhabit non-ferrous metal mining sites are exposed to mercury, lead, and other trace elements by analyzing their feathers and verifying which factors may influence element concentrations in feathers. We sampled a total of 168 birds, representing 26 species, with different feeding habits and migration patterns in a non-polluted reference site and two historical metal mining areas: Almadén, which is considered one of the most heavily mercury-contaminated sites worldwide, and the Sierra Madrona mountains where lead has been mined since ancient times. The quantification of aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), thorium (Th), thallium (Tl), uranium (U), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Feather analysis revealed contamination by Hg and Pb, in Almadén and Sierra Madrona, respectively. We found that granivorous birds had the lowest feather Hg levels compared to those found in omnivorous, insectivorous, and piscivorous species, whereas feather Pb was about twice as high in granivores and omnivores, than in insectivorous and piscivorous birds. We also found differences among study sites in 13 elements and confirmed the influence of feather age, migratory patterns of the birds, and external deposition of elements, on metal concentrations in the feathers. Our results highlight that despite the cessation of metal mining in the study areas, local avifauna are being exposed to Hg and Pb from abandoned mines and old tailings sites, indicating that appropriate measures are needed to protect biota from overexposure to these toxic metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Durkalec
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
| | - Mónica Martínez-Haro
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain; Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla La Mancha (IRIAF), CIAG del Chaparrillo, Ctra. de Porzuna s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Agnieszka Nawrocka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
| | - Jennifer Pareja-Carrera
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Judit E G Smits
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain; Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada.
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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11
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Nascimento LSD, Silva LDO, Azevedo SMD, Almeida RD, Almeida MG, Azevedo LS, Bastos WR, Souza CMMD, Pestana IA. Spatial-temporal dynamics of Cr in fish from Puruzinho Lake (Western Amazon) and dietary risk assessment. Chemosphere 2022; 300:134576. [PMID: 35421446 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cr contamination is a growing concern in the Amazon. Along with the rise of cattle farming in the region, tanneries are becoming more common and threatening environmental quality, since the effluents from this activity are rich in Cr. The objective of this study was to evaluate the seasonal and spatial dynamics of Cr in fish with different feeding habits from Puruzinho Lake, located in the Madeira River basin, also determining the daily intake of Cr associated with the consumption of these fish by the population that lives around the lake. Seasonality and feeding habits directly affected Cr dynamics in fish (p < 0.0001), with medians of Cr concentration ranging between 0.07 mg kg-1 in the species Cichla pleiozona, a carnivorous fish, and 0.62 mg kg-1 in Mylossoma duriventre, a herbivorous fish. The high Cr concentrations in M. duriventre were related to the biodilution effect of Cr in the trophic chain (R2 = 0.14, p < 0.0001). The consumption of M. duriventre by the population was associated with the highest daily intake of Cr (55.5 μg∙day-1), exceeding the recommended limits of Cr intake (35 μg∙day-1). However, no harmful effects on health are expected due to the ingestion of Cr through the consumption of fish from Puruzinho Lake. Spatial analysis showed an increasing trend in Cr concentrations along the Madeira River, suggesting that contaminants present in the river are being carried over long distances and are reaching preserved areas of the Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Silva do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Layra de Oliveira Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sophia Menezes de Azevedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional e Meio Ambiente, Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental Wolfgang C. Pfeiffer, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Av. Pres. Dutra, 2967 - Olaria, CEP: 76801-059, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Sociais e Ambientais, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 425 - Km 2, 5 - Jardim das Esmeraldas, CEP: 76.850-000, Guajará-Mirim, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Gomes Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva Azevedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional e Meio Ambiente, Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental Wolfgang C. Pfeiffer, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Av. Pres. Dutra, 2967 - Olaria, CEP: 76801-059, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Cristina Maria Magalhães de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Inácio Abreu Pestana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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12
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Pinho I, Amezcua F, Rivera JM, Green-Ruiz C, Piñón-Colin TDJ, Wakida F. First report of plastic contamination in batoids: Plastic ingestion by Haller's Round Ray (Urobatis halleri) in the Gulf of California. Environ Res 2022; 211:113077. [PMID: 35276199 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The presence of microplastics has been reported in the marine environment and these pollutants have also been reported in food webs. Information about the presence of microplastics in the Haller's Round Ray (Urobatis halleri) and bottom sediments off the east coast of the Gulf of California is non-existent. The digestive tracts of individuals of this species and sediment samples were examined for plastic particles in this region. In total, 107 plastic particles were found in the sediment. All were fibers and 94.4% were microplastics, the rest were mesoplastics. The gastrointestinal tracts of 142 rays were analysed, and it was determined that this is a benthic feeder. A total of 386 plastic particles were recovered from 46 individuals (32.4%). On average 10.2 (±7.4) plastic particles were found per specimen, with plastic lengths ranging from 0.00821 mm to 0.953 mm. The FTIR-ATR analysis revealed the presence of six types of polymers: polyamide or nylon polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyacrylic were found in both sediments and gastrointestinal tracts of Haller's Round Ray. Polyethylene terephthalate and polyacrylamide were only found in the gastrointestinal tracts of the ray. These polymers are consistent with the human activities undertaken in this area, specifically intensive small-scale and industrial fisheries, as they are used for the elaboration of fishing nets, plastic bags, storage containers, clothing, and fishing boats maintenance. Our results show that benthic feeders are exposed to plastic debris, and its presence is another potential threat to batoids, which are already threatened by bycatch, overfishing, and other pollutants. However, studies on the ingestion of plastic debris in batoids and its presence in the sediment are still scarce or non-existent for this region. As such, these studies are necessary to help in the preservation of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Pinho
- International MSc in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Ghent University, Marine Biology Research Group, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Felipe Amezcua
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Joel Montes Camarena S/N, Mazatlán, Sin, 82040, Mexico.
| | - Jessica M Rivera
- Departamento de Ecología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Las Agujas, 44600, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Green-Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Joel Montes Camarena S/N, Mazatlán, Sin, 82040, Mexico
| | - Teresita de Jesus Piñón-Colin
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, C.P. 22390, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Fernando Wakida
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, C.P. 22390, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
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13
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Hu FS, Ho BH. From taxonomy to ecology: Entomologists are essential in environmental science. Comment on Zhou et al. (2019). Sci Total Environ 2021; 790:147995. [PMID: 34059365 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present paper commented on Zhou et al. (2019) published on Science of the Total Environment. The authors measured the Pb concentration and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of a few species of insects collected from Sichuan, China. However, based on the photos of the graphical abstract, we doubt the identification of the species. The biomass of the dung beetles was re-measured based on the specimens from Taiwan of the same species. The results are highly different than the authors, which positively affected the results and discussion. The experimental design should be based on actual food chains along with basal entomological knowledge. In conclusion, we recommend that studies on interactions between insects and the environment are conducted through collaboration with entomologists to ensure taxonomy and functional ecology are correctly identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Shuo Hu
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Bin-Hong Ho
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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14
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Salazar-Pérez C, Amezcua F, Rosales-Valencia A, Green L, Pollorena-Melendrez JE, Sarmiento-Martínez MA, Tomita Ramírez I, Gil-Manrique BD, Hernandez-Lozano MY, Muro-Torres VM, Green-Ruiz C, Piñon-Colin TDJ, Wakida FT, Barletta M. First insight into plastics ingestion by fish in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 171:112705. [PMID: 34280620 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plastic particle occurrence in the digestive tracts of fishes from a tropical estuarine system in the Gulf of California was investigated. A total of 1095 fish were analysed, representing 15 species. In total 1384 particles of plastic debris were recovered from the gastrointestinal tracts of 552 specimens belonging to 13 species, and all consisted of threads, the majority of which were small microplastics (0.23 to 1.89), followed by large microplastics (2.07 to 4.49), and few mesoplastics (5.4 to 19.86). Plastic particles were identified using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The mean frequency of occurrence of plastics in the gastrointestinal tracts of fishes from this system was 50.5%, which is higher than frequencies reported in similar systems in other areas. The polymers identified by ATR-FTIR were polyamide (51.2%), polyethylene (36.6%), polypropylene (7.3%), and polyacrylic (4.9%). These results show the first evidence of plastic contamination for estuarine biota in the Gulf of California.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Salazar-Pérez
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - F Amezcua
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Joel Montes Camarena S/N, Mazatlán, Sin. 82040, Mexico.
| | - A Rosales-Valencia
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen s/n, 82000 Mazatlán, Sin., Mexico
| | - L Green
- International MSc in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Ghent University, Marine Biology Research Group, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - J E Pollorena-Melendrez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen s/n, 82000 Mazatlán, Sin., Mexico
| | - M A Sarmiento-Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen s/n, 82000 Mazatlán, Sin., Mexico
| | - I Tomita Ramírez
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - B D Gil-Manrique
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Especialidad en Biotecnología, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Calle 5 de febrero 818, Centro, Urb. No. 1, 85000 Cd Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - M Y Hernandez-Lozano
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - V M Muro-Torres
- ProgramaCátedras CONACYT, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - C Green-Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Joel Montes Camarena S/N, Mazatlán, Sin. 82040, Mexico
| | - T D J Piñon-Colin
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, C.P. 22390 Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - F T Wakida
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, C.P. 22390 Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - M Barletta
- Laboratorio de Ecologia e Gerenciamento de EcossistemasCosteiros e Estuarinos, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CEP 50740-550 Recife, Brazil
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15
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Lukashevich ED. Mouthparts of nectar-feeding Tanyderidae (Insecta: Diptera): lapping and siphoning. Arthropod Struct Dev 2021; 64:101087. [PMID: 34311299 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mouthparts of adult Tanyderidae are examined in detail for the first time, with emphasis on scanning electron microscopy. A full set of mouthparts, devoid of conspicuous dentation or serration and showing no differences between sexes, was found in both examined species, Eutanyderus wilsoni Alexander, 1928 and Peringueyomyina barnardi Alexander, 1921. The mouthparts are elongated into a proboscis in E. wilsoni and are short, attached to the tip of a long rostrum, in P. barnardi. In the absence of direct field observations, nectar-feeding is hypothesized for both genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena D Lukashevich
- Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 123, Moscow, 117647, Russia.
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Mu Y, Tian R, Xiao L, Sun D, Zhang Z, Xu S, Yang G. Molecular Evolution of Tooth-Related Genes Provides New Insights into Dietary Adaptations of Mammals. J Mol Evol 2021; 89:458-71. [PMID: 34287664 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-021-10017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Mammals have evolved different tooth phenotypes that are hypothesized to be associated with feeding habits. However, the genetic basis for the linkage has not been well explored. In this study, we investigated 13 tooth-related genes, including seven enamel-related genes (AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, AMTN, ODAM, KLK4 and MMP20) and six dentin-related genes (DSPP, COL1A1, DMP1, IBSP, MEPE and SPP1), from 63 mammals to determine their evolutionary history. Our results showed that different evolutionary histories have evolved among divergent feeding habits in mammals. There was stronger positive selection for eight genes (ENAM, AMTN, ODAM, KLK4, DSPP, DMP1, COL1A1, MEPE) in herbivore lineages. In addition, AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, AMTN, MMP20 and COL1A1 underwent accelerated evolution in herbivores. While relatively strong positive selection was detected in IBSP, SPP1, and DSPP, accelerated evolution was only detected for MEPE and SPP1 genes among the carnivorous lineages. We found positive selection on AMBN and ENAM genes for omnivorous primates in the catarrhini clade. Interestingly, a significantly positive association between the evolutionary rate of ENAM, ODAM, KLK4, MMP20 and the average enamel thickness was found in primates. Additionally, we found molecular convergence in some amino acid sites of tooth-related genes among the lineages whose feeding habit are similar. The positive selection of related genes might promote the formation and bio-mineralization of tooth enamel and dentin, which would make the tooth structure stronger. Our results revealed that mammalian tooth-related genes have experienced variable evolutionary histories, which provide some new insights into the molecular basis of dietary adaptation in mammals.
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Yang J, Zhou M, Zhong Y, Xu L, Zeng C, Zhao X, Zhang M. Gene duplication and adaptive evolution of Toll-like receptor genes in birds. Dev Comp Immunol 2021; 119:103990. [PMID: 33422554 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in innate immune through recognizes pathogens. In order to reveal the evolutionary patterns and adaptive evolution of avian TLRs, we examined 66 representative bird species in 26 orders. Phylogenetic results indicated that TLR1A and TLR1B may have differentiated functionally. Evolutionary analysis showed that the TLR genes in birds under strong Purification selection (0.165-0.4265). A total of 126 common positively selected codons were identified in 10 TLR genes of avian, and most sites were located in the extracellular leucine-rich repeat (LRR) functional domains, and both environment and feeding habits were external factors driving the evolution of avian TLR genes. Environmental pressures had a greater effect on TLR1B, TLR2B, TLR3 and TLR4, while feeding habits were active in affecting TLR2A, TLR2B, TLR15 and TLR21. Our data suggested that TLR genes have been subjected to different selective pressures in the diversification of birds and that these changes enabled them to respond differently to pathogens from diverse sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Yang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Rsources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, PR China.
| | - Ming Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yun Zhong
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Liqun Xu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Changjun Zeng
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Wang S, Zhang C, Pan Z, Sun D, Zhou A, Xie S, Wang J, Zou J. Microplastics in wild freshwater fish of different feeding habits from Beijiang and Pearl River Delta regions, south China. Chemosphere 2020; 258:127345. [PMID: 32544814 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is a major global challenge and a severe threat to aquatic organisms. The Pearl River Basin is the most important river system in Guangdong Province, China. As the second largest tributary of the Pearl River Basin, the Beijiang River flows through many cities in Guangdong Province and eventually merges into the Pearl River Delta. The goal of this research was to explore the microplastic pollution problem in the Beijiang River and Pearl River Delta. In total, 26 surface water and 47 wild freshwater fish samples from the Pearl River Delta and the main runoff area of the Beijiang River were collected. The average abundance of microplastics in surface water samples from the Beijiang River was 3183 items/m³, and the average abundance in fish samples was 5.6 items/individual; the values for the Pearl River Delta were 7571 items/m³ and 4.8 items/individual. In all samples, fibers and fragments were the major microplastic contaminants, most were white in color, and most were <1 mm in size. The microplastic abundance in carnivorous fish samples in the Beijiang River and Pearl River Delta was 3.5 and 3 items/individual, respectively, and omnivorous fish samples had 6.8 and 6.2 items/individual, respectively. Thus, the microplastic abundance in omnivorous fish samples was about twice that of the carnivorous fish. These results reveal the quantity of microplastic pollution in the Beijiang River and the Pearl River Delta and provide an important basis for further study of microplastics in the freshwater ecosystem of the Pearl River Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodan Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chaonan Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhengkun Pan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Di Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaolin Xie
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China.
| | - Jixing Zou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Bruno D, Bonacci T, Reguzzoni M, Casartelli M, Grimaldi A, Tettamanti G, Brandmayr P. An in-depth description of head morphology and mouthparts in larvae of the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens. Arthropod Struct Dev 2020; 58:100969. [PMID: 32769052 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The larvae of the black soldier fly (BSF) Hermetia illucens are increasingly being used for waste management purposes given their ability to grow on a wide range of organic decaying materials. Although significant efforts have been spent to improve the mass rearing of BSF larvae on specific substrates and their bioconversion capability, little is known about the biology of this insect, especially with regards to the digestive system. In this study, we analyzed the morphology of the head and buccal apparatus of H. illucens larvae by using optical and scanning electron microscopy, evaluating the different mouthparts and their modifications during larval development. Our analysis showed that the larval head of H. illucens presents similarities to those of campodeiform insect larvae, whereas the mandibular-maxillary complex represents a food intake solution typical of Stratiomyidae that enables BSF larvae to ingest semiliquid food. The mouthparts resemble a "tunnel boring machine", where the hypopharynx separates finer organic particles from coarser and inorganic ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Bruno
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 3, Varese, 21100, Italy
| | - Teresa Bonacci
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci, Cubo 4B, Rende, 87036, Italy
| | - Marcella Reguzzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via F. Guicciardini, 9, Varese, 21100, Italy
| | - Morena Casartelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Via G. Celoria, 26, Milano, 20133, Italy; BAT Center - Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - Annalisa Grimaldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 3, Varese, 21100, Italy; BAT Center - Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tettamanti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 3, Varese, 21100, Italy; BAT Center - Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, Portici, 80055, Italy.
| | - Pietro Brandmayr
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci, Cubo 4B, Rende, 87036, Italy
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Katahira H, Ashida H, Kobayashi M. One-sided infections by intestinal parasites in two sympatric porpoises bycaught from the Nemuro Strait of Hokkaido, Japan. Parasitol Int 2020; 77:102118. [PMID: 32251728 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to the difficulties and limitations associated with field sampling of marine mammals, quantitative surveys on their parasites are still scarce in Japan. We here report the infection statuses of intestinal parasites in harbor porpoises (n = 34) and Dall's porpoises (n = 10), bycaught between 2014 and 2018 by a bottom set-net fishery in the northern part of the Nemuro Strait, Japan. Necropsies of the harbor porpoises recovered one digenean, Synthesium nipponicum, and two acanthocephalans, Corynosoma sp. and Bolbosoma sp.; no infection was observed in the Dall's porpoises. The dominant parasites were Corynosoma sp. and S. nipponicum, with a prevalence of 73.53 and 64.71% and a mean abundance of 43.88 and 7.38 individuals, respectively. Although the two porpoise-species have a sympatric distribution in this narrow strait, the findings support the existence of trophic-link dependences, which can differentially affect vulnerability to these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Katahira
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
| | - Hana Ashida
- Department of Ocean and Fisheries Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| | - Mari Kobayashi
- Department of Ocean and Fisheries Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
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21
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Solovyev MM, Kashinskaya EN, Bochkarev NA, Andree KB, Simonov E. The effect of diet on the structure of gut bacterial community of sympatric pair of whitefishes ( Coregonus lavaretus): one story more. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8005. [PMID: 31824755 PMCID: PMC6896945 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Coregonus lavaretus complex may be found lacustrine sympatric pairs, which serves as an intriguing model for studying different aspects of fish evolutionary biology. One such sympatric whitefish pair inhabits Teletskoye Lake (West Siberia, Russia) and includes a “large” form (Coregonus lavaretus pidschian (Gmelin, 1789)) and a “small” form (C. l. pravdinellus (Dulkeit, 1949)). C. l. pravdinellus has a narrow trophic specialization and feeds on zooplankton, whereas the diet of C. l. pidschian is based on benthic prey. In the present study we aimed to address the question of how the gut microbial community reflects the divergence in diet of a sympatric pair of whitefish. Studied samples included the mucosa and content were collected for cardiac and pyloric stomach, anterior, middle, and posterior intestine, but only mucosa was collected for the pyloric caeca. In addition, water, sediment, macrophyte (environmental microbiota) and invertebrate (microbiota of prey) samples were collected in the same location. The V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA genes was chosen for microbiome analysis and the software PICRUSt used to estimate the difference functional roles of the microbiota. The number of OTUs and Chao1 index in mucosa and content of cardiac and pyloric stomach were significantly different between whitefish. Significant differences were observed between whitefish for content from different parts of the intestine in terms of OTU number and Chao1 indices, whereas for mucosa from the same parts of intestine these differences were absent. No significant differences were found for diversity estimates of mucosa and content of different parts of the gut (there were a few exceptions) between whitefish. The form of whitefish and the segment of the digestive system were factors with a significant determinative effect on the structure of the microbiota from gut mucosa and content. The most dominant phyla in mucosa and content of cardiac and pyloric stomach was Proteobacteria (57.0–84.0%) for both whitefish. Throughout the intestine of C. l. pidschian the dominant phyla in mucosa were Proteobacteria (38.8%) and Firmicutes (15.6%), whereas for C. l. pravdinellus–Tenericutes (49.6%) and Proteobacteria (28.1%). For both forms, the phylum Spirochaetes was found in a significant amount (20.0–25.0%) in the mucosa of the posterior intestine. While for the content obtained from anterior, middle and posterior intestines, the dominant bacterial phyla were the same as those described for mucosa from the same parts of the intestine for both whitefish. The bacterial community of the prey and environment was significantly different from bacterial communities found for all parts of the gut mucosa for both whitefish, with the exception of the mucosa of the cardiac stomach. According to PICRUSt the highest level of differences between whitefish at the L3 level were found for the intestinal mucosa (75.3%), whereas the lowest one was registered for stomach content (38.8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail M Solovyev
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena N Kashinskaya
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nickolai A Bochkarev
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Karl B Andree
- Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentarias, San Carlos de la Rapita, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Evgeniy Simonov
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology, Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia
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Azevedo LS, Pestana IA, da Costa Nery AF, Bastos WR, Souza CMM. Variation in Hg accumulation between demersal and pelagic fish from Puruzinho Lake, Brazilian Amazon. Ecotoxicology 2019; 28:1143-1149. [PMID: 31620950 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems in the Amazon are exposed to mercury, mostly from natural sources. Hg accumulation in fish tissues poses a risk to the local population since fish is one of the main sources of protein in the region. The aim of this study was to evaluate Hg distribution in demersal and pelagic carnivorous fish between seasons in Puruzinho Lake in the Brazilian Amazon. Total Hg was quantified in 221 individuals of 8 species obtained during the high water and low water seasons. Two-way ANOVA indicated an interaction between foraging habitat and season. During high water, total Hg concentrations were similar between demersal and pelagic fish, while in low water, total Hg levels were higher in demersal fish. Pelagic and demersal fishes' Hg levels were similar between the two seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Silva Azevedo
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Inácio Abreu Pestana
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 28013-602, Brazil
| | | | - Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos
- Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental WCP, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, CEP: 76815-800, Brazil
| | - Cristina Maria Magalhães Souza
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 28013-602, Brazil
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Merciai R, Rodríguez-Prieto C, Torres J, Casadevall M. Bioaccumulation of mercury and other trace elements in bottom-dwelling omnivorous fishes: The case of Diplodus sargus (L.) (Osteichthyes: Sparidae). Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 136:10-21. [PMID: 30509790 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of toxic elements in fish represents a hazard for human health, especially in Mediterranean countries and other regions with high per-capita fish consumption. The present research, carried out along the northern Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean), aimed to determine the levels of trace metals and arsenic in the muscle of white seabream Diplodus sargus (L.), a common demersal species of growing interest for fisheries and aquaculture. Average mercury concentrations widely exceeded the limits imposed by EU despite the low contamination levels previously reported for the study area, stressing the potential risk associated to the consumption of medium-sized, non-predatory fishes. The other analyzed elements fell within the recommended limits. Preliminary results about the feeding habits of D. sargus are reported, in order to determine feeding habitat and items of the analyzed specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Merciai
- Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, University of Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Conxi Rodríguez-Prieto
- Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, University of Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Torres
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, University of Barcelona, Avd. Joan XXIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, University of Barcelona, Avd. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Margarida Casadevall
- Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, University of Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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Paray BA, Al-Mfarij AR, Al-Sadoon MK. Food habits of the Arabian skink, Scincus hemprichii Wiegmann , 1837, (Sauria: Scincidae), in the Southwest Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25:90-93. [PMID: 29379362 PMCID: PMC5775103 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Food and feeding habits of the Arabian skink, Scincus hemprichii were investigated in Jazan province, southwest of Saudi Arabia. S. hemprichii individuals fed during eleven months of the year. The mass of food in the stomachs indicated that a high degree of foraging success occurred during the warm spring while the lowest was during winter with January as an exception to feeding by the lizard. Analysis of the contents of 60 stomachs revealed that the diet of S. hemprichii in the study area consisted of arthropods, with two species of beetles of the family Dermestidae (Dermestis vulpinus and Dermestis maculates) and three type of dipteran larvae, accounting for 76% of the total volume of the food items. Specimens collected during January had empty stomachs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal A Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Rahman Al-Mfarij
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K Al-Sadoon
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Smolis A, Shayanmehr M, Kuznetsova N, Lafooraki EY. Three new remarkable species of the genus Endonura Cassagnau, 1979 from the Middle East and Central Asia (Collembola, Neanuridae, Neanurinae, Neanurini). Zookeys 2017:135-151. [PMID: 28769675 PMCID: PMC5523199 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.673.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
New species belonging to the genus Endonura is described and illustrated in detail. Endonuralongirostrissp. n., from northern Iran, is distinctive due to an exceptionally elongate buccal cone compared to that of most other species of the genus. Other characteristic features of the species are the white body with pigmented eyes, a reduced chaetotaxy of the lateral part of the head, the thorax II–III and abdomen I–III with free chaetae De2 and 3, and abdomen IV with particularly short chaetae Di1. The main characteristics of Endonuraparacentaureasp. n. include a white body with dark pigmented eyes, a nonogival labrum, the presence of tubercles Di on the first thoracic segment and of microchaetae on the rudimentary furca. Endonuraturkmenicasp. n. can be recognized by its bluish-grey body, labral chaetotaxy, free chaetae E on the head, and notably short chaetae De3 on the thorax and the abdomen. Short remarks on the possible importance of labral modifications are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Smolis
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Department of Invertebrate Biology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Masoumeh Shayanmehr
- Department of Plant Protection, Sari Agricultural Science and Nature Resources University, Sari, Mazandaran 578, Iran
| | - Nataliya Kuznetsova
- Institute of Biology and Chemistry, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow 129164, Russia
| | - Elham Yoosefi Lafooraki
- Department of Plant Protection, Sari Agricultural Science and Nature Resources University, Sari, Mazandaran 578, Iran
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Mariani TF, Romano PSR. Intra-specific variation and allometry of the skull of Late Cretaceous side-necked turtle Bauruemys elegans (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae) and how to deal with morphometric data in fossil vertebrates. PeerJ 2017; 5:e2890. [PMID: 28413719 PMCID: PMC5390767 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous quantitative studies on Bauruemys elegans (Suárez, 1969) shell variation, as well as the taphonomic interpretation of its type locality, have suggested that all specimens collected in this locality may have belonged to the same population. We rely on this hypothesis in a morphometric study of the skull. Also, we tentatively assessed the eating preference habits differentiation that might be explained as due to ontogenetic changes. Methods We carried out an ANOVA testing 29 linear measurements from 21 skulls of B. elegans taken by using a caliper and through images, using the ImageJ software. First, a Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was performed with 27 measurements (excluding total length and width characters; =raw data) in order to visualize the scatter plots based on the form variance only. Then, a second PCA was carried out using ratios of length and width of each original measurement to assess shape variation among individuals. Finally, original measurements were log-transformed to describe allometries over ontogeny. Results No statistical differences were found between caliper and ImageJ measurements. The first three PCs of the PCA with raw data comprised 70.2% of the variance. PC1 was related to size variation and all others related to shape variation. Two specimens plotted outside the 95% ellipse in PC1∼PC2 axes. The first three PCs of the PCA with ratios comprised 64% of the variance. When considering PC1∼PC2, all specimens plotted inside the 95% ellipse. In allometric analysis, five measurements were positively allometric, 19 were negatively allometric and three represented enantiometric allometry. Many bones of the posterior and the lateral emarginations lengthen due to increasing size, while jugal and the quadratojugal decrease in width. Discussion ImageJ is useful in replacing caliper since there was no statistical differences. Yet iterative imputation is more appropriate to deal with missing data in PCA. Some specimens show small differences in form and shape. Form differences were interpreted as occuring due to ontogeny, whereas shape differences are related to feeding changes during growth. Moreover, all outlier specimens are crushed and/or distorted, thus the form/shape differences may be partially due to taphonomy. The allometric lengthening of the parietal, quadrate, squamosal, maxilla, associated with the narrowing of jugal and quadratojugal may be related to changes in feeding habit between different stages of development. This change in shape might represent a progressive skull stretching and enlargement of posterior and lateral emargination during ontogeny, and consequently, the increment of the feeding-apparatus musculature. Smaller individuals may have fed on softer diet, whereas larger ones probably have had a harder diet, as seen in some living species of Podocnemis. We conclude that the skull variation might be related to differences in feeding habits over ontogeny in B. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago F Mariani
- Deparatamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.,Current affiliation: Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro S R Romano
- Deparatamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Hassan Ali' MK, Belluscio A, Ventura D, Ardizzone G. Feeding ecology of some fish species occurring in artisanal fishery of Socotra Island (Yemen). Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 105:613-628. [PMID: 26880127 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The demersal species Lethrinus borbonicus, Lethrinus mahsena, Lethrinus microdon, Lethrinus nebulosus, Lutjanus bohar, Lutjanus gibbus, Lutjanus kasmira, Epinephelus fasciatus, Epinephelus stoliczkae, Carangoides gymnostethus and Euthynnus affinis are important coastal fishes species of the northern coast of Socotra (Yemen), exploited by local fishery. The biology and feeding ecology of these species are poorly known in the area. A total of 1239 specimens were sampled from the main fishing landing site of the island (Hadibo). Total length and weight were measured, stomach contents were analyzed, diet overlap, Fulton's Condition index, and trophic levels were estimated. C. gymnostethus, L. microdon and L. kasmira occupied the highest position (T=4.50), L. nebulosus occupied the lower one (TL=3.41). The role of the increasing abundance of small pelagic fish in the diet of many species after the upwelling event is evident, but also different feeding strategies are reported, according to fish ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Kaed Hassan Ali'
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome "la Sapienza"-V, le dell'Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Belluscio
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome "la Sapienza"-V, le dell'Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Ventura
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome "la Sapienza"-V, le dell'Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Ardizzone
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome "la Sapienza"-V, le dell'Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Buitrago R, Bosseno MF, Depickère S, Waleckx E, Salas R, Aliaga C, Barnabé C, Brenière SF. Blood meal sources of wild and domestic Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in Bolivia: connectivity between cycles of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:214. [PMID: 27090297 PMCID: PMC4835887 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chagas disease is a major public health problem in Latin America. Its etiologic agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, is mainly transmitted through the contaminated faeces of blood-sucking insects called triatomines. Triatoma infestans is the main vector in various countries in South America and recently, several foci of wild populations of this species have been described in Bolivia and other countries. These wild populations are suspected of affecting the success of insecticide control campaigns being carried out in South America. To assess the risk that these T. infestans populations pose to human health, it is helpful to determine blood meal sources. Methods In the present work, blood meals were identified in various Bolivian wild T. infestans populations and in three specific areas, in both wild and intra-peridomestic populations to assess the links between wild and domestic cycles of T. cruzi transmission. PCR-HDA and sequencing of Cytb gene were used to identify these blood meal sources. Results and discussion Fourteen vertebrate species were identified as wild blood meal sources. Of those, the most prevalent species were two Andean endemic rodents, Octodontomys gliroides (36 %) and Galea musteloides (30 %), while humans were the third most prevalent source (18.7 %). Of 163 blood meals from peridomestic areas, more than half were chickens, and the others were generally domestic animals or humans. Interestingly, blood from wild animals was identified in triatomines captured in the peridomestic and domestic environment, and blood from domestic animals was found in triatomines captured in the wild, revealing links between wild and domestic cycles of T. cruzi transmission. Conclusion The current study suggests that wild T. infestans attack humans in the wild, but is also able to bite humans in domestic settings before going back to its natural environment. These results support the risk to human health posed by wild populations of T. infestans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosio Buitrago
- IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR INTERTRYP, (IRD-CIRAD), Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites-environnement dans les maladies tropicales négligées dues aux trypanosomatidés, 911 Av. Agropolis, Montpellier, cédex 5, 34394, France.
| | - Marie-France Bosseno
- IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR INTERTRYP, (IRD-CIRAD), Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites-environnement dans les maladies tropicales négligées dues aux trypanosomatidés, 911 Av. Agropolis, Montpellier, cédex 5, 34394, France
| | - Stéphanie Depickère
- Instituto Nacional de Laboratorios de Salud (INLASA), Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Rafael Zubieta #1889, Miraflores, Casilla M-10019, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Etienne Waleckx
- IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR INTERTRYP, (IRD-CIRAD), Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites-environnement dans les maladies tropicales négligées dues aux trypanosomatidés, 911 Av. Agropolis, Montpellier, cédex 5, 34394, France
| | - Renata Salas
- Instituto Nacional de Laboratorios de Salud (INLASA), Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Rafael Zubieta #1889, Miraflores, Casilla M-10019, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Claudia Aliaga
- Instituto Nacional de Laboratorios de Salud (INLASA), Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Rafael Zubieta #1889, Miraflores, Casilla M-10019, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Christian Barnabé
- IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR INTERTRYP, (IRD-CIRAD), Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites-environnement dans les maladies tropicales négligées dues aux trypanosomatidés, 911 Av. Agropolis, Montpellier, cédex 5, 34394, France
| | - Simone Frédérique Brenière
- IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR INTERTRYP, (IRD-CIRAD), Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites-environnement dans les maladies tropicales négligées dues aux trypanosomatidés, 911 Av. Agropolis, Montpellier, cédex 5, 34394, France
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Casadevall M, Torres J, El Aoussimi A, Carbonell A, Delgado E, Sarrà-Alarcón L, García-Ruíz C, Esteban A, Mallol S, Bellido JM. Pollutants and parasites in bycatch teleosts from south eastern Spanish Mediterranean's fisheries: Concerns relating the foodstuff harnessing. Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 104:182-189. [PMID: 26846994 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This research provides an evaluation of the quality and health status of some locally abundant fish species, usually otter-trawl bycatch species. The study was conducted in the southern and eastern Spanish Mediterranean coast. Mean concentration of heavy metals in muscle and parasitisation indices showed moderate levels. Higher lead concentration was found in fish from the western Alboran and arsenic, cadmium and mercury were more present on fishes from the eastern Alboran area, although most species analysed contain moderate levels of heavy metals in muscle. Concerning parasitisation, F. Anisakidae nematodes were present in all the species, except sardine. Only mercury showed a positive relationship with parasitisation. We also considered three feeding guilds. Metal mean concentrations were higher in benthivores and more littoral fishes. Pelagic planktivores species are the healthiest and the more suitable for consumers from the sanitary point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Casadevall
- Universitat de Girona, Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Torres
- Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Microbiologia i Parasitologia Sanitàries, Av. Joan XXIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ahmed El Aoussimi
- Universitat Politècnica de València, DIHMA, Camino de Vera s/n, 46021 València, Spain.
| | - Ana Carbonell
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Eulàlia Delgado
- Universitat de Girona, Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain.
| | - Lídia Sarrà-Alarcón
- Universitat de Girona, Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain.
| | - Cristina García-Ruíz
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640 Fuengirola, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Antonio Esteban
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, C/ Varadero 1, 30740, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Sandra Mallol
- Universitat Politècnica de València, DIHMA, Camino de Vera s/n, 46021 València, Spain.
| | - José María Bellido
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, C/ Varadero 1, 30740, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
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Rust J, Bergmann A, Bartels C, Schoenemann B, Sedlmeier S, Kühl G. The Hunsrück biota: A unique window into the ecology of Lower Devonian arthropods. Arthropod Struct Dev 2016; 45:140-151. [PMID: 26826500 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The approximately 400-million-year old Hunsrück biota provides a unique window into Devonian marine life. Fossil evidence suggests that this biota was dominated by echinoderms and various classes of arthropods, including Trilobita, stem lineage representatives of Euarthropoda, Chelicerata and Eucrustacea, as well as several crown group Chelicerata and Eucrustacea. The Hunsrück biota's exceptional preservation allows detailed reconstructions and description of key-aspects of its fauna's functional morphologies thereby revealing modes of locomotion, sensory perception, and feeding strategies. Morphological and stratigraphic data are used for a critical interpretation of the likely habitats, mode of life and nutritional characteristics of this diverse fauna. Potential predators include pycnogonids and other chelicerates, as well as the now extinct stem arthropods Schinderhannes bartelsi, Cambronatus brasseli and Wingertshellicus backesi. Mainly the deposit feeding Trilobita, Marrellomorpha and Megacheira, such as Bundenbachiellus giganteus, represents scavengers. Possibly, opportunistic scavenging was also performed by the afore-mentioned predators. Most of the studied arthropods appear to have been adapted to living in relatively well-illuminated conditions within the photic zone. Fossil evidence for associations amongst arthropods and other classes of metazoans is reported. These associations provide evidence of likely community structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jes Rust
- Steinmann Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Palaeontology, Division of Palaeontology, Nussallee 8, 53639 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Bergmann
- Steinmann Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Palaeontology, Division of Palaeontology, Nussallee 8, 53639 Bonn, Germany.
| | | | | | - Stephanie Sedlmeier
- Steinmann Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Palaeontology, Division of Palaeontology, Nussallee 8, 53639 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele Kühl
- Steinmann Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Palaeontology, Division of Palaeontology, Nussallee 8, 53639 Bonn, Germany.
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Son MH, Kim J, Shin ES, Seo SH, Chang YS. Diastereoisomer- and species-specific distribution of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in fish and marine invertebrates. J Hazard Mater 2015; 300:114-120. [PMID: 26163486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The levels and distributional characteristics of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) diastereoisomers have been largely reported for various fish and select shellfish. In this study, we reclassified a number and variety of marine invertebrates, including shellfish, to further contribute to the comprehensive understanding of the effects and assessment of human exposure to HBCD. Overall, 30 marine invertebrate species (n=188) were investigated and the following order of ∑2HBCD (α- and γ-HBCD) was observed: fish>chordata>cephalopoda>echinodermata>bivalve>crustacea. The marine invertebrates that were reclassified into nektonic and benthic organisms showed similar concentration of ∑2HBCD. The feeding habits and modes of the marine organisms were considered to compare the degree of bioaccumulation and diastereoisomer-specific distribution of HBCD due to the effects of the environment in and around pollution sources, as well as the organisms' metabolic capacities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the species-specific distribution patterns of HBCD for both fish and marine invertebrates. We expect to significantly expand the understanding of the environmental fate of HBCD for marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hui Son
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchul Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Su Shin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Seo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
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Tsygankov VY, Boyarova MD, Lukyanova ON. Bioaccumulation of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) by gray whale and Pacific walrus from the western part of the Bering Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 99:235-239. [PMID: 26169228 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The feeding habits of a gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) and a Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens), caught from the western Bering Sea in the summers of 2010 and 2011, have been studied, and concentration of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in their organs determined. The total OCP concentration (∑HCH+∑DDT) in muscles and liver of the gray whales varies from 297 to 3581 and from 769 to 13,808 ng/g lipids, respectively. The total OCP concentration (∑HCH+∑DDT) in muscles and liver of the Pacific walruses varies from 197 to 5659 and from 4856 to 90,263 ng/g lipids, respectively. The specifics of diet as a source of pesticide accumulation in these two marine mammal species are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olga N Lukyanova
- Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Vladivostok, Russia; Pacific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO-Centre), Vladivostok, Russia
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Broilo MC, Louzada MLC, Drachler MDL, Stenzel LM, Vitolo MR. Maternal perception and attitudes regarding healthcare professionals' guidelines on feeding practices in the child's first year of life. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2013; 89:485-91. [PMID: 23850107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the maternal perceptions and attitudes related to adherence to healthcare professionals' guidelines on breastfeeding and complementary feeding, and associated factors. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of data from a randomized field trial was performed, in which 20 health centers (HCs) were selected in the city of Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, from eight Health Management Districts of the city. Pregnant women were selected from these HCs, and when the children were aged between six and nine months, data regarding the maternal perception of adherence to professional advice and consequences of feeding practices on child health were obtained during home visits. Association analyses were performed using Poisson regression. RESULTS Data were collected from 631 mother-child binomials. According to the mothers' perception, 47% reported not following instructions received in the HU. Among these, 45.7% did not recognize the importance of eating habits for the child's health. The perception of adherence to professional advice was associated with higher prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), introduction of solid food (ISF) after four months, introduction of non-recommended foods after six months, and higher family income. A higher prevalence of EBF and ISF was observed after four months (p < 0.05) among mothers who believed in the importance of feeding habits for the child's health. CONCLUSION There was a high prevalence of mothers who did not follow the advice of health professionals; the perception that food does not affect the child's health can be a barrier to the improvement of eating habits in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônica C Broilo
- Nutritionist. Doctoral Student. Programa de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Plischuk S, Bardi CJ, Lange CE. Spore loads of Paranosema locustae (Microsporidia) in heavily infected grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) of the Argentine Pampas and Patagonia. J Invertebr Pathol 2013; 114:89-91. [PMID: 23796497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Paranosema locustae, an entomopathogen of grasshoppers and locusts, remains the only microsporidium registered as a biocontrol agent. After introductions from North America, it became established in grasshopper communities of Argentina. We measured the infection intensity of field collected, heavily infected male and female adults of individuals belonging to six grasshopper species, five melanoplines (Melanoplinae) (Baeacris pseudopunctulatus, Dichroplus maculipennis, Dichroplus vittatus, Neopedies brunneri, Scotussa lemniscata), and one gomphocerine (Gomphocerinae) (Staurorhectus longicornis). Average spore load among heavily infected grasshoppers ranged from 8.7±0.5×10(7) to 1.1±0.7×10(9). Only females of B. pseudopunctulatus and S. longicornis showed significantly higher spore loads than the males.
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