1
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Andreo-Martínez P, Ortiz-Martínez VM, García-Martínez N, López PP, Quesada-Medina J, Cámara MÁ, Oliva J. A descriptive bibliometric study on bioavailability of pesticides in vegetables, food or wine research (1976-2018). Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 77:103374. [PMID: 32272369 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A bibliometric analysis based on the Web of Science© (WOS) database was performed on bioavailability of pesticides in vegetables, food or wine related studies published from inception to 2018. A total of 1202 articles were subjected to examination. The results reveal that yearly production of scientific articles increased steadily. Journal and institution production, and author's keywords frequencies followed the Lotka's Law. Khan SU and White JC were the most productive authors. The most productive journals were Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (55), and Journal of Ethnopharmacology (48), and the most common WOS subject category was Pharmacology & Pharmacy (419). USA (h-index of 40) produced 21.7 % of all articles, closely followed by China (20.6 %). Chinese Academy of Sciences (34) was the most productive research institutions. Finally, current and future trends in this area should focus on keywords such as pharmacokinetics, curcumin, in-vitro, nanoparticles, oral (bioavailability) and cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Andreo-Martínez
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Víctor Manuel Ortiz-Martínez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nuria García-Martínez
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Pagán López
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Quesada-Medina
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Cámara
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Oliva
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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2
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Ju C, Dong S, Zhang H, Yao S, Wang F, Cao D, Xu S, Fang H, Yu Y. Subcellular distribution governing accumulation and translocation of pesticides in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Chemosphere 2020; 248:126024. [PMID: 32004891 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Root uptake, translocation, and subcellular distribution of six pesticides (dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, imazethapyr, propiconazole, and chlorpyrifos) with Kow ranging from -0.549 to 4.7 were investigated in wheat to study transportation and accumulation of pesticides. The root bioconcentration factor (RCF) of pesticides decreased with water solubility (R2 = 0.6121) and increased with hydrophobicity (when the pH-adjusted log Kow > 2, R2 = 0.925), respectively. The translocation of neutral pesticides from roots to shoots increased positively with water solubility (R2 > 0.6484) but decreased with hydrophobicity (R2 > 0.8039). The subcellular fraction concentration factor (SFCF) increased linearly with hydrophobicity of the tested pesticides (R2 > 0.958). The log RCF was positively correlated with log SFCF in root cell walls (R2 = 0.9894) and organelles (R2 = 0.9786). Transportation of the pesticides from roots to stems and stems to leaves was adversely affected by the log SFCF of cell walls and organelles of roots (R2 > 0.7997) and stems (R2 > 0.6666), respectively. Hydrophobicity-dependent SFCF is a factor governing accumulation of pesticides in roots after uptake and their subsequent upward translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ju
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Suxia Dong
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Hongchao Zhang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Shijie Yao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Feiyan Wang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Duantao Cao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Shiji Xu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Hua Fang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Yunlong Yu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
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3
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Rheinheimer Dos Santos D, Monteiro de Castro Lima JA, Paranhos Rosa de Vargas J, Camotti Bastos M, Santanna Dos Santos MA, Mondamert L, Labanowski J. Pesticide bioaccumulation in epilithic biofilms as a biomarker of agricultural activities in a representative watershed. Environ Monit Assess 2020; 192:381. [PMID: 32430726 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Brazil is one of the largest consumers of pesticides in the world. The high rainfall rate and inadequate soil use and management promote the transfer of these compounds to the aquatic system. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify pesticides present in epilithic biofilms in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this matrix as a bioindicator able to discriminate areas and periods with different inputs of pesticides. Among the 25 pesticides analyzed in the biofilms, 20 compounds were detected. The epilithic biofilms picked up pesticides independent of their polarities, even in the period of lower use. The frequency and median concentration of five herbicides (2,4-D, atrazine, desethyl-atrazine, simazine, nicosulfuron), three fungicides (carbendazim, epoxiconazole, tebuconazole), and one insecticide (imidacloprid) were highest in biofilms sampled in summer crops during the growing period. Biofilms collected in the upper region of the catchment, where genetically modified soybean and corn cultivated in a no-tillage system prevail, the highest frequency and median concentration of three herbicides (2,4-D, thifensulfuron, isoproturon), four fungicides (carbendazim, epoxiconazole, tebuconazole, metconazole), and one insecticide (imidacloprid) were observed. Despite the excessive amounts of pesticides used in the catchment, the median values of all pesticides in the epilithic biofilm were considered low. The lower diversity and concentration of pesticides observed in the autumn/winter season is representative of lower use of pesticides, barriers to pesticide transfer from soil to water, and the biofilm's resilience capacity to decompose pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Rheinheimer Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Monteiro de Castro Lima
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia - Alagoas, Campus Maragogi, Rodovia Arnon de Melo, AL 101 Norte, S/N Atemar de Barros, 56304205, Maragogi, AL, Brazil
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Jocelina Paranhos Rosa de Vargas
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France.
| | - Marilia Camotti Bastos
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Maria Alice Santanna Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Leslie Mondamert
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Jérôme Labanowski
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
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4
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Martin T, Thompson H, Thorbek P, Ashauer R. Toxicokinetic-Toxicodynamic Modeling of the Effects of Pesticides on Growth of Rattus norvegicus. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:2281-2294. [PMID: 31674768 PMCID: PMC7007285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ecological risk assessment is carried out for chemicals such as pesticides before they are released into the environment. Such risk assessment currently relies on summary statistics gathered in standardized laboratory studies. However, these statistics extract only limited information and depend on duration of exposure. Their extrapolation to realistic ecological scenarios is inherently limited. Mechanistic effect models simulate the processes underlying toxicity and so have the potential to overcome these issues. Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) models operate at the individual level, predicting the internal concentration of a chemical over time and the stress it places on an organism. TK-TD models are particularly suited to addressing the difference in exposure patterns between laboratory (constant) and field (variable) scenarios. So far, few studies have sought to predict sublethal effects of pesticide exposure to wild mammals in the field, even though such effects are of particular interest with respect to longer term exposure. We developed a TK-TD model based on the dynamic energy budget (DEB) theory, which can be parametrized and tested solely using standard regulatory studies. We demonstrate that this approach can be used effectively to predict toxic effects on the body weight of rats over time. Model predictions separate the impacts of feeding avoidance and toxic action, highlighting which was the primary driver of effects on growth. Such information is relevant to the ecological risk posed by a compound because in the environment alternative food sources may or may not be available to focal species. While this study focused on a single end point, growth, this approach could be expanded to include reproductive output. The framework developed is simple to use and could be of great utility for ecological and toxicological research as well as to risk assessors in industry and regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Martin
- University
of York, Environment Department, Heslington, York YO10
5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Thompson
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | - Pernille Thorbek
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Ashauer
- University
of York, Environment Department, Heslington, York YO10
5NG, United Kingdom
- Syngenta
Crop Protection AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland
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5
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Brown RH, Ng DK, Steele K, Schweitzer M, Groopman JD. Mobilization of Environmental Toxicants Following Bariatric Surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:1865-1873. [PMID: 31689012 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are lipophilic environmental toxicants that accumulate in adipose tissue. Weight loss leads to mobilization and increased redistribution of these toxicants. Many are obesogens and endocrine disruptors. Increased exposure could pose long-term health risks. The study objective was to measure the changes in serum concentrations of lipophilic POPs during significant weight loss. METHODS This study enrolled 27 patients at a university hospital in a longitudinal, 6-month, observational study examining changes in POP blood levels after bariatric surgery. The primary outcome was the changes in the concentrations of 24 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 9 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), 11 polybrominated diphenyl ethers, 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl, and 4 perfluorochemicals (PFCs). RESULTS Older adults (those born before 1976) had baseline levels of PCBs, OCPs, and PFCs that were two- to fivefold higher than younger adults (those born after 1976). Older adults had greater increases in PCBs, OCPs, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers associated with weight loss. Conversely, younger adults had greater increases in PFCs associated with weight loss. On average, blood POP levels increased as weight loss occurred. CONCLUSIONS Although weight loss is considered beneficial, the release and redistribution of POPs to other lipid-rich organs such as the brain, kidneys, and liver warrant further investigation. Interventions should be considered to limit organ exposure to POPs when weight loss interventions are planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Brown
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine, and Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Derek K Ng
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kimberley Steele
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Schweitzer
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John D Groopman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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6
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Qiu YW, Qiu HL, Zhang G, Li J. Bioaccumulation and cycling of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in three mangrove reserves of south China. Chemosphere 2019; 217:195-203. [PMID: 30415117 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Total 22 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) compounds and 31 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners in mangrove sediments and tissues (leaf, branch, root and fruit) of nine species from three Mangrove Reserves of China were studied. The mean concentrations of total DDTs, HCHs, OCPs and PCBs in sediments were 2.84, 0.06, 3.84 and 0.17 ng g-1 dw, while those in tissues were 1.85, 0.22, 9.43 and 1.61 ng g-1 dw, respectively. The elevated OCPs and PCBs levels in mangrove leaves may be caused by atmospheric sedimentation. The biota sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) values of both OCPs (mean: 3.4) and PCBs (mean: 9.9) are generally larger than one, implying mangroves' bioaccumulation and their ability to intercept pollutants. The BSAFs of PCBs in mangrove tissues were negatively correlated with the PCB congener's octanol-water partition coefficients (KOW, R = 0.58, n = 31, p < 0.001), suggesting that lower chlorinated CB congeners are more bioaccumulative in mangroves. In order to better understanding the fate of these organochlorine compounds, the cycling (including the standing accumulation, the annual absorption, the annual net retention, the annual return, and the turnover period) of OCPs and PCBs in the Mangrove Reserves were estimated, and the results indicated that mangroves are playing important roles in retaining OCPs and PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Han-Lin Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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7
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Bawa P, Bedi JS, Gill JPS, Aulakh RS, Kumar A, Arora K. Persistent Organic Pollutants Residues in Human Breast Milk from Bathinda and Ludhiana Districts of Punjab, India. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 75:512-520. [PMID: 29460084 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-018-0512-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including six congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides, were estimated in human breast milk samples collected from two districts of Punjab (India). The mean concentrations of POP residues were recorded higher in Bathinda district (PCBs: 33.7; DDTs: 519.2; HCHs: 46.6 ng g-1 lipid wt.) than Ludhiana (PCBs: 24.2; DDTs; 415.3; HCHs; 35.5 ng g-1 lipid wt.). Levels of PCBs and DDTs were observed higher in primiparas, whereas HCHs residues were seen more in multiparas. Risk analysis to POPs exposure through breast milk reflected that the daily intake for some infants was close to or above the tolerable daily intake limit for detrimental effects, which may raise a health concern. Comparative evaluation of present data indicated that DDT and HCHs residue levels in human breast milk from Punjab, India were among the lowest values reported for developing countries. The first-order kinetic reaction at a steady-state condition used to estimate the half-life of DDT and HCH suggested that DDT levels have declined from 18,211 to 490 ng g-1 lipid wt. with a half-life (Tdec1/2) of 3.25 years over a span of 15 years. Similarly, HCH levels have decreased from 8609 to 46.6 ng g-1 in this duration with Tdec1/2 of 2.25 years. Because some infants are still at risk, continuous monitoring of POPs in human milk is needed for surveillance and interpretation of time trends and for linkage to strict enforcement of agricultural regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bawa
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - J S Bedi
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.
| | - J P S Gill
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - R S Aulakh
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - A Kumar
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Kamal Arora
- Department of Pediatrics, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
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8
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Wang G, Xiao Y, Xu H, Hu P, Liang W, Xie L, Jia J. Development of Multifunctional Avermectin Poly(succinimide) Nanoparticles to Improve Bioactivity and Transportation in Rice. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:11244-11253. [PMID: 30299946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Avermectin (AVM) as a nonsystemic pesticide possesses a low effective utilization rate. Studies of the multifunctional pesticide delivery system for improving biological activity are developing prosperously. In this study, multifunctional avermectin/polysuccinimide with glycine methyl ester nanoparticles (AVM-PGA) were prepared by the self-assembly process. The AVM loading capacity was up to 23.7%. After 24 h of UV irradiation, there was still about 70% of AVM remaining in PGA42 nanocarriers, as opposed to less than 5% of the free-form AVM. The rising ambient pH promoted the release of AVM using an in vitro releasing test, revealing a favorable pH-responsively controlled-release property. The mortality rate of Plutella xylostella with 2.5 μg/mL of AVM content of AVM-PGA42 was 96.3% after 48 h, while that of free AVM was only 51.5%. In addition, the AVM could be detected in stems and all leaves treated with AVM-PGA42 nanoparticles, whereas rare AVM was detected only in treated leaves for the free-form AVM, which achieved the transportation of nanocarriers carrying AVM in rice for the first time. Furthermore, the PGA nanoparticles performed a good growth promoting effect on rice. These results show that the AVM-PGA42 nanopesticides have a great potential application prospect to control the pest and improve the drug utilization efficiency on agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
- College of Materials and Energy , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
| | - Yuyan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
| | - Hanhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
| | - Pengtong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
- College of Materials and Energy , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
| | - Wenlong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- College of Materials and Energy , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
| | - Jinliang Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
- College of Materials and Energy , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , China
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9
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Li H, You J, Wang WX. Multi-compartmental toxicokinetic modeling of fipronil in tilapia: Accumulation, biotransformation and elimination. J Hazard Mater 2018; 360:420-427. [PMID: 30138902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccumulation and biotransformation are critical processes modifying toxicity of easily metabolizable chemicals to aquatic organisms. In this study, tissue-specific accumulation, biotransformation and elimination of a current-use pesticide fipronil in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were quantified by combining in vivo measurements and a newly developed multi-compartmental toxicokinetic model. Waterborne fipronil was taken up via gills and metabolized rapidly and solely to fipronil sulfone. Significant decrease of fipronil residues in liver and intestine during exposure period strongly suggested the induction of metabolism in these two organs. Significant transport of fipronil and fipronil sulfone in the liver-bile-intestine system implied that hepatobiliary excretion and enterohepatic re-absorption played important roles in fipronil metabolism and system circulation of the parent compound and the metabolite. The multi-compartmental model quantitatively described the highly dynamic inter-compartmental transport and rapid branchial clearance of fipronil in fish. Modeling results also suggested that uptake and biotransformation were the stronger driving forces for the inter-compartmental transport of fipronil in fish than the inherent partitioning capacity. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of biotransformation on internal disposition of fipronil in fish, which helps to improve aquatic toxicity assessment of this pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Li
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing You
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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10
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Gamain P, Feurtet-Mazel A, Maury-Brachet R, Auby I, Pierron F, Belles A, Budzinski H, Daffe G, Gonzalez P. Can pesticides, copper and seasonal water temperature explain the seagrass Zostera noltei decline in the Arcachon bay? Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 134:66-74. [PMID: 29106936 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dwarf eelgrasses (Zostera noltei) populations have decreased since 2005 in Arcachon Bay (southwest France). Various stressors have been pointed out, however the role of xenobiotics like pesticides or copper (Cu) and of parameters like water temperature warming have not yet been explored. To determine their impact, Z. noltei individuals were collected in a pollution-free site and transferred to the laboratory in seawater microcosms. This dwarf eelgrass was exposed to a pesticide cocktail and copper, alone or simultaneously, at temperatures (10°C, 20°C, 28°C) representative of different seasons. After a two-week contamination, leaf growth, leaf bioaccumulation of Cu, and differential expression of target genes were studied. Eelgrasses bioaccumulated Cu regardless of the temperature, with reduced efficiency in the presence of the Cu and pesticide cocktail at the two higher temperatures. High temperature also exacerbated the effect of contaminants, leading to growth inhibition and differential gene expression. Mitochondrial activity was strongly impacted and higher mortality rates occurred. Experimental results have been confirmed during field survey. This is the first report on the impacts on Z. noltei of pesticides and Cu associate to temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrine Gamain
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, Aquatic ecotoxicology team, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Agnès Feurtet-Mazel
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, Aquatic ecotoxicology team, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Régine Maury-Brachet
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, Aquatic ecotoxicology team, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Isabelle Auby
- IFREMER Arcachon, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources, Quai du Cdt Silhouette, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Fabien Pierron
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, Aquatic ecotoxicology team, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Angel Belles
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, LPTC team, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, LPTC team, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Guillemine Daffe
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, Aquatic ecotoxicology team, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, Aquatic ecotoxicology team, 33120 Arcachon, France.
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11
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Yamamoto FY, Diamante GD, Santana MS, Santos DR, Bombardeli R, Martins CC, Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Schlenk D. Alterations of cytochrome P450 and the occurrence of persistent organic pollutants in tilapia caged in the reservoirs of the Iguaçu River. Environ Pollut 2018; 240:670-682. [PMID: 29775944 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental chemicals originating from human activities, such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), may interfere with the endocrine system of aquatic organisms. The effect of these chemicals on biota and human populations is of high public concern but remains poorly understood, especially in aquatic environments of South America. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioavailability of POPs and the related effects in caged male tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in four cascading reservoirs of the Iguaçu River, Southern Brazil. POPs including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were determined in the reservoir water and tissue samples of tilapia after two months of exposure. The PCB levels in water (14.7 ng L-1) were 14 times higher than the limits permitted by the Brazilian legislation in the Salto Santiago (SS) reservoir. Similarly, concentrations of aldrin and its metabolites (6.05 ng L-1) detected in the water sample of the Salto Osório (SO) reservoir were also above the permitted limits. RT-qPCR analysis revealed different transcript levels of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A and CYP3A) in the liver among the four groups, with induced activity in tilapia from the SS reservoir. Quantification of the CYP3A mRNA expression and catalytic activity showed higher values for fish caged at the SS reservoir. The fish from this site also had a higher number of eosinophils observed in the testes. Although overt measurements of endocrine disruption were not observed in caged fish, alteration of CYP enzymes with co-occurrence of organochlorine contaminants in water may suggest bioavailability of contaminants from agricultural sources to biota. Additional studies with feral or caged animals for a longer duration may be necessary to evaluate the risks of the waterways to humans and wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Yamamoto
- Cell Biology Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - G D Diamante
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, United States
| | - M S Santana
- Cell Biology Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - D R Santos
- Cell Biology Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - R Bombardeli
- Research Center in Environmental Aquaculture, Western University of Parana, Toledo, Brazil
| | - C C Martins
- Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Parana, Pontal do Parana, Brazil
| | | | - D Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, United States
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12
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Neuwirthová N, Bílková Z, Vašíčková J, Hofman J, Bielská L. Concentration/time-dependent dissipation, partitioning and plant accumulation of hazardous current-used pesticides and 2-hydroxyatrazine in sand and soil. Chemosphere 2018; 203:219-227. [PMID: 29621678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dissipation, partitioning dynamics and biouptake was measured for selected hazardous current-used pesticides (conazole fungicides: epoxiconazole, flusilazole, tebuconazole; prochloraz, chlorpyrifos, pendimethalin) and for a transformation product (2-hydroxyatrazine) in agricultural soil and quartz sand as representatives of a real and a worst-case scenario. Dissipation, uptake to Lactuca sativa and the freely dissolved concentration along with the organic carbon-normalized sorption coefficients (Koc) were determined on days 12, 40, and 90 following the application of compounds at three fortification levels (0.1-1.0-10 mg/kg). Conazole fungicides showed similar dissipation patterns and were more persistent in soil than prochloraz, chlorpyrifos and pendimethalin. 2-Hydroxyatrazine showed a concentration-depended decrease in persistency in soil. Lettuce roots were shown to accumulate higher amounts than shoots where the extent of root uptake was driven by compound partitioning. This was evidenced by the ability of freely dissolved concentration (Cfree) to reliably (r2 = 0.94) predict root uptake. Concentration in leaves did not exceed the maximum residue levels (MRLs) for lettuce, which was likely given by the low root-to-shoot translocation factors (TFs) of the tested compounds varying between 0.007 and 0.14. Koc values were in the range of literature values. Sorption to soil was higher than to sand for all compounds, yet following the Koc dynamics compounds did not appear to be sequestered in soil with increasing residence time. From these results, it follows that the tested compounds may persist in soil but since they did not accumulate in lettuce above MRLs, contamination of the food web is unlikely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Neuwirthová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, CZ 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bílková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, CZ 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vašíčková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, CZ 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hofman
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, CZ 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bielská
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, CZ 62500, Czech Republic.
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13
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Zhou S, Pan Y, Zhang L, Xue B, Zhang A, Jin M. Biomagnification and enantiomeric profiles of organochlorine pesticides in food web components from Zhoushan Fishing Ground, China. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 131:602-610. [PMID: 29886987 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Trophodynamics and chiral signatures of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and chlordanes in a food web from Zhoushan Fishing Ground, China, were studied. Residues of OCPs in all teleost fishes were within food safety levels. Strong positive correlations were found between trophic levels (TLs) and wet weight concentrations of target chemicals, with trophic magnification factors (TMFs) from 4.17 to 9.77. Lipid contents and TLs significantly correlated, which indirectly affect the bioaccumulation processes of OCPs. The consistently racemic EF values of α-HCH, as well as invariability of the relative proportions of HCH isomers in different marine species implied that HCHs in animals originate directly from the surrounding environment. However, in vivo biotransformation and/or elimination of o,p'-DDT cannot be precluded. TMFs of the individual enantiomers further suggest that the influence of achiral biotransformation is too minor to induce enantioselective biomagnification of chiral OCPs through the studied food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yongqiang Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, The Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Anping Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Meiqing Jin
- College of Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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14
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Chang J, Li J, Hao W, Wang H, Li W, Guo B, Li J, Wang Y, Xu P. The body burden and thyroid disruption in lizards (Eremias argus) living in benzoylurea pesticides-contaminated soil. J Hazard Mater 2018; 347:218-226. [PMID: 29316515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dermal exposure is regarded as a potentially significant but understudied route for pesticides uptake in terrestrial reptiles. In this study, a native Chinese lizard was exposed to control, diflubenzuron or flufenoxuron contaminated soil (1.5 mg kg-1) for 35 days. Tissue distribution, liver lesions, thyroid hormone levels and transcription of most target genes were examined. The half-lives of diflubenzuron and flufenoxuron in the soil were 118.9 and 231.8 days, respectively. The accumulation of flufenoxuron in the liver, brain, kidney, heart, plasma and skin (1.4-35.4 mg kg-1) were higher than that of diflubenzuron (0-1.7 mg kg-1) at all time points. The skin permeability factor of flufenoxuron was more than 20-fold greater than that of diflubenzuron at the end of exposure. However, the liver was more vulnerable in the diflubenzuron exposure group. The alterations of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) level after diflubenzuron or flufenoxuron exposure were accompanied with the changes in the transcription of target genes involved not only in hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis (sult, dio2, trα and udp) but also in metabolism system (cyp1a and ahr). These results indicated that flufenoxuron produced greater body burdens to lizards through dermal exposure, whereas both diflubenzuron and flufenoxuron have the potential to disturb metabolism and thyroid endocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan RD 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jitong Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan RD 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weiyu Hao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan RD 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huili Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Baoyuan Guo
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yinghuan Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China.
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15
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Zhu J, Wang J, Ding Y, Liu B, Xiao W. A systems-level approach for investigating organophosphorus pesticide toxicity. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 149:26-35. [PMID: 29149660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The full understanding of the single and joint toxicity of a variety of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides is still unavailable, because of the extreme complex mechanism of action. This study established a systems-level approach based on systems toxicology to investigate OP pesticide toxicity by incorporating ADME/T properties, protein prediction, and network and pathway analysis. The results showed that most OP pesticides are highly toxic according to the ADME/T parameters, and can interact with significant receptor proteins to cooperatively lead to various diseases by the established OP pesticide -protein and protein-disease networks. Furthermore, the studies that multiple OP pesticides potentially act on the same receptor proteins and/or the functionally diverse proteins explained that multiple OP pesticides could mutually enhance toxicological synergy or additive on a molecular/systematic level. To the end, the integrated pathways revealed the mechanism of toxicity of the interaction of OP pesticides and elucidated the pathogenesis induced by OP pesticides. This study demonstrates a systems-level approach for investigating OP pesticide toxicity that can be further applied to risk assessments of various toxins, which is of significant interest to food security and environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China; Institute of Chemistry and Applications of Plant Resources, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 16034, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China; Institute of Chemistry and Applications of Plant Resources, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 16034, PR China; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New-tech for Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, PR China
| | - Yan Ding
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China; Institute of Chemistry and Applications of Plant Resources, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 16034, PR China
| | - Baoyue Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China; Institute of Chemistry and Applications of Plant Resources, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 16034, PR China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New-tech for Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, PR China
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16
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Zhan J, Liang Y, Liu D, Liu C, Liu H, Wang P, Zhou Z. Organochlorine pesticide acetofenate and its hydrolytic metabolite in rabbits: Enantioselective metabolism and cytotoxicity. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018; 145:76-83. [PMID: 29482734 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Acetofenate (AF) is a chiral organochlorine pesticide used for controlling hygiene pests. In this study, the metabolism of AF in rabbits in vivo and in vitro was investigated and the primary chiral metabolite acetofenate-alcohol (AF-A) was analyzed. The cytotoxicity of AF and AF-A was also determined. AF in rabbits in vivo was eliminated so rapidly that AF could not be detected within 10min after intravenous administration at 20mg/kg (body weight), and AF-A was quickly formed. In vitro metabolism assay, using plasma and liver microsomes, showed that AF was also quickly metabolized to AF-A and the metabolic process was significantly enantioselective with preferential degradation of (-)-AF and formation of (-)-AF-A. The cytotoxicity of AF and AF-A were investigated by assessing cell proliferation, apoptosis and generation of reactive oxygen species. The results showed that AF and AF-A induce enantioselective cytotoxicity. This study will be helpful for improving knowledge about the metabolism and toxicity of AF on an enantiomeric level and providing evidence to understand the potential environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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17
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Hu Y, Qi S, Yuan L, Liu H, Xing X. Assessment of organochlorine pesticide contamination in waterbirds from an agricultural region, Central China. Environ Geochem Health 2018; 40:175-187. [PMID: 27783194 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9891-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-one organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured in the muscle of six predominant waterbird species from Jianghan Plain, Hubei Province, Central China. Among OCPs, DDTs were the most prevalent compounds, with average concentration ranging from 31.1 to 1445 ng/g lipid weight. Little egrets (Egretta garzetta) and Chinese pond herons (Ardeola bacchus) showed significantly higher concentrations of OCPs (p < 0.05) due to their dietary habits and migratory patterns. There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) for most OCPs between sex and age groups. The accumulation profiles of HCHs and DDTs suggested that these OCPs in Jianghan Plain were largely derived from historical usage. Risk assessment indicated that heptachlor could be likely to pose adverse health effects on people consuming ducks in Jianghan Plain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
- Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linxi Yuan
- Advanced Lab for Selenium and Human Health, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinli Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
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18
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Vidi PA, Anderson KA, Chen H, Anderson R, Salvador-Moreno N, Mora DC, Poutasse C, Laurienti PJ, Daniel SS, Arcury TA. Personal samplers of bioavailable pesticides integrated with a hair follicle assay of DNA damage to assess environmental exposures and their associated risks in children. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2017; 822:27-33. [PMID: 28844239 PMCID: PMC5607735 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Agriculture in the United States employs youth ages ten and older in work environments with high pesticide levels. Younger children in rural areas may also be affected by indirect pesticide exposures. The long-term effects of pesticides on health and development are difficult to assess and poorly understood. Yet, epidemiologic studies suggest associations with cancer as well as cognitive deficits. We report a practical and cost-effective approach to assess environmental pesticide exposures and their biological consequences in children. Our approach combines silicone wristband personal samplers and DNA damage quantification from hair follicles, and was tested as part of a community-based participatory research (CBPR) project involving ten Latino children from farmworker households in North Carolina. Our study documents high acceptance among Latino children and their caregivers of these noninvasive sampling methods. The personal samplers detected organophosphates, organochlorines, and pyrethroids in the majority of the participants (70%, 90%, 80%, respectively). Pesticides were detected in all participant samplers, with an average of 6.2±2.4 detections/participant sampler. DNA damage in epithelial cells from the sheath and bulb of plucked hairs follicles was quantified by immunostaining 53BP1-labled DNA repair foci. This method is sensitive, as shown by dose response analyses to γ radiations where the lowest dose tested (0.1Gy) led to significant increased 53BP1 foci density. Immunolabeling of DNA repair foci has significant advantages over the comet assay in that specific regions of the follicles can be analyzed. In this cohort of child participants, significant association was found between the number of pesticide detections and DNA damage in the papilla region of the hairs. We anticipate that this monitoring approach of bioavailable pesticides and genotoxicity will enhance our knowledge of the biological effects of pesticides to guide education programs and safety policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Alexandre Vidi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Haiying Chen
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Rebecca Anderson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Naike Salvador-Moreno
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Dana C Mora
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Carolyn Poutasse
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Paul J Laurienti
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Stephanie S Daniel
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Thomas A Arcury
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Center for Worker Health, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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19
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Hlina BL, Tessier LR, Wilkie MP. Effects of water pH on the uptake and elimination of the piscicide, 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM), by larval sea lamprey. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 200:9-16. [PMID: 28587838 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations in the Great Lakes are controlled by applying the piscicide, 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM), to infested streams with larval sea lamprey (ammocoetes). While treatment mortality is >90%, surviving lamprey, called residuals, can undermine control efforts. A key determinant of TFM effectiveness is water pH, which can fluctuate daily and seasonally in surface waters. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the influence of pH on the uptake, elimination, and accumulation of TFM by larval sea lamprey using radio-labeled TFM (14C-TFM), when exposed to a nominal concentration of 4.6mgTFML-1 or 7.6mgTFML-1, 3h or 1h, respectively. TFM uptake rates were approximately 5.5-fold greater at low pH (6.86) compared to the high pH (8.78), most likely due to the unionized, lipophilic form of TFM existing in greater amounts at a lower pH. In contrast, elimination rates following the injection of 85nmolTFMg-1 body mass were 1.7-1.8 fold greater at pH8.96 than at pH6.43 during 2-4h of depuration in TFM-free water. Greater initial excretion rates at pH8.96 were presumably due to predicted increases in outward concentration gradients of un-ionized TFM. The present findings suggest that TFM is mainly taken-up in its un-ionized form, more lipophilic form, but there is also significant uptake of the ionized form of TFM via an unknown mechanism. Moreover, we provide an explanation to how small increases in pH can undermine lampricide treatment success increasing residual lamprey populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Hlina
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Laura R Tessier
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Michael P Wilkie
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada
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20
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Shi YH, Xiao JJ, Feng RP, Liu YY, Liao M, Wu XW, Hua RM, Cao HQ. In-vitro bioaccessibility of five pyrethroids after human ingestion and the corresponding gastrointestinal digestion parameters: A contribution for human exposure assessments. Chemosphere 2017; 182:517-524. [PMID: 28521167 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccessibility is a crucial parameter in assessing the absorption of contaminants during the human digestive process, but few studies have involved the differences in the bioaccessibilities of pesticides. To investigate the mode of using the in vitro bioaccessibility to refine estimates of dietary exposure to pesticide residues, this study measured the bioaccessibilities of five pyrethroids in apples, and then, it modelled physicochemical predictors (gastrointestinal pH, digestive times, and the solid-liquid (S/L) ratio) of the bioaccessibilities of pyrethroids. Apple samples of gastric and intestinal phase digestive juices were obtained from an in vitro simulated digestion model. Our survey of in vitro digestion models found that the bioaccessibilities ranged from 4.42% to 31.22% and 10.58%-35.63% in the gastric and intestinal phases, respectively. A sharp trend similar to a normal distribution was observed between the bioaccessibilities and pH values. The bioaccessibility reached its highest value at a pH of 1.91 in the simulated gastric juice and did not significantly change with an increase of the digestive time. A significant negative correlation occurred between the bioaccessibility and S/L ratio, which followed a logarithmic equation. The correlation coefficients (R2) ranged from 0.9259 to 0.9831 and 0.9077 to 0.9960 in the simulated gastric and intestinal juice, respectively, suggested that both the pH value and S/L ratio were the main factors affecting the bioaccessibility. Furthermore, a combination of the acceptable daily intake (ADI) and bioaccessibility for human exposure assessments indicated the implication that traditional risk assessment using ADI may seriously overestimate the actual risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Shi
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jin-Jing Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Rong-Peng Feng
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Min Liao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiang-Wei Wu
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ri-Mao Hua
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Anhui Province, China.
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21
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Limon-Miro AT, Aldana-Madrid ML, Alvarez-Hernandez G, Antunez-Roman LE, Rodriguez-Olibarria G, Valencia Juillerat ME. Breast milk intake and mother to infant pesticide transfer measured by deuterium oxide dilution in agricultural and urban areas of Mexico. Chemosphere 2017; 181:682-689. [PMID: 28476008 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases have increased pesticide use in urban areas (UA) and agricultural areas (AA) in Mexico. Breast milk can be contaminated by pesticide exposure. The objective of the study was to measure breast milk intake by deuterium oxide dilution as well as organochlorine and pyrethroid transfer from mother to infant in AA and UA of Sonora, Mexico. Human milk intake was determined by the 'dose-to-mother' technique using deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution. Mothers' body composition was also assessed by this technique and the intercept method. Pyrethroids (deltamethrin, cypermethrin and cyhalothrin) and organochlorine pesticide residues (p,p'- DDT, p,p'- DDE, p,p'- DDD) in breast milk samples were measured by gas chromatography. Sixty-two lactating women and their infants participated in the study, 32 lived in the UA and 30 lived in the AA. Breast milk intake was approximately 100 mL higher in the AA than in the UA 799 ± 193 and 707 ± 201 mL/day, respectively (p < 0.05). The concentrations of p,p'- DDT and cypermethrin levels in breast milk were higher in the UA than in the AA (p < 0.05 and p = 0.001, respectively). None of the pyrethroids and organochlorine pesticides studied surpassed the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) in milk for humans according to EPA and FAO/WHO. In conclusion, breast milk intake was higher in the AA compared to the UA. The p,p'- DDT and cypermethrin levels in breast milk were higher in the UA compared to the AA. Since pesticide levels in human milk did not exceed the ADI, breastfeeding is still a safe practice and should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mauro E Valencia Juillerat
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Mexico; Department of Nutrition, Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C., Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
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22
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Xu P, Huang L. Effects of α-cypermethrin enantiomers on the growth, biochemical parameters and bioaccumulation in Rana nigromaculata tadpoles of the anuran amphibians. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 139:431-438. [PMID: 28208115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Populations of many amphibian species are declining worldwide in part because of pesticide contamination. As a surface water contaminant, α-cypermethrin may have severe ecological impacts on amphibians. Here, we examined the acute toxicity of α-cypermethrin enantiomers to dark-spotted frog Rana nigromaculata tadpoles at 24, 48, 72 and 96h, finding that the tadpoles were indeed sensitive to α-cypermethrin. The (S)-(1R, 3R)-enantiomer was approximately 29 times more toxic than the (R)-(1S, 3S)-enantiomer at 96h. A significant delayed growth in R. nigromaculata tadpoles after exposure to 0.5µgL-1 of S-(1R, 3R)-cypermethrin was observed. Additionally, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels indicate the presence of oxidative stress in the tadpoles. Further, tadpoles exposed to sublethal concentrations of α-cypermethrin enantiomers exhibited enantioselective growth and oxidative damage. Bioaccumulation experiments showed that the tadpoles could rapidly accumulate α-cypermethrin. The (R)-(1S, 3S)-enantiomer was preferentially accumulated over the (S)-(1R, 3R)-enantiomer, and it was also eliminated more quickly, as evidenced in the subsequent depuration experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ledan Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Yinghua RD 2, Beijing 100029, China.
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23
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Emanuela F, Giuseppe S, Stefano G, Mattia B, Mauro M. Comparison of Lindane and Carbaryl Pesticide Bioaccumulation in the Common Sole (Solea solea). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2017; 98:656-661. [PMID: 28289805 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorines and carbamates are common pesticides predominantly employed in agriculture. Large amounts of pesticides make their way into rivers and marine habitats. They accumulate in aquatic organisms through different exposure routes and gradually move up the food chain. Since contaminant bioaccumulation in animals is affected by several factors, this work harnessed several different approaches to explore the persistence of lindane, a long banned organochlorine pesticide, and carbaryl, a newer generation pesticide, in common sole (Solea solea), a major commercial species in Adriatic fisheries. Lindane was not only more accumulated than carbaryl in sole liver, but it was also detected in greater amount in muscle tissue, the edible part (lindane, 7 ± 4 ng/g; carbaryl, <0.004 ng/g w/w). Additional assays documented a greater accumulation of lindane in adults compared with juveniles and in specimens caught offshore than in those collected close to the coast. The present findings demonstrate the different accumulation dynamics of the two pesticides to confirm the benefits derived from the replacement of organochlorine pesticides with carbamate compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frapiccini Emanuela
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Scarcella Giuseppe
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Guicciardi Stefano
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Betti Mattia
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marini Mauro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy.
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24
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Sifakis S, Androutsopoulos VP, Tsatsakis AM, Spandidos DA. Human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals: effects on the male and female reproductive systems. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 51:56-70. [PMID: 28292651 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) comprise a group of chemical compounds that have been examined extensively due to the potential harmful effects in the health of human populations. During the past decades, particular focus has been given to the harmful effects of EDCs to the reproductive system. The estimation of human exposure to EDCs can be broadly categorized into occupational and environmental exposure, and has been a major challenge due to the structural diversity of the chemicals that are derived by many different sources at doses below the limit of detection used by conventional methodologies. Animal and in vitro studies have supported the conclusion that endocrine disrupting chemicals affect the hormone dependent pathways responsible for male and female gonadal development, either through direct interaction with hormone receptors or via epigenetic and cell-cycle regulatory modes of action. In human populations, the majority of the studies point towards an association between exposure to EDCs and male and/or female reproduction system disorders, such as infertility, endometriosis, breast cancer, testicular cancer, poor sperm quality and/or function. Despite promising discoveries, a causal relationship between the reproductive disorders and exposure to specific toxicants is yet to be established, due to the complexity of the clinical protocols used, the degree of occupational or environmental exposure, the determination of the variables measured and the sample size of the subjects examined. Future studies should focus on a uniform system of examining human populations with regard to the exposure to specific EDCs and the direct effect on the reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Sifakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, GR 71003, Greece
| | | | - Aristeidis M Tsatsakis
- Department of Toxicology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, GR 71003, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Department of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, GR 71003, Greece
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25
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Campos M, Perruchon C, Karas PA, Karavasilis D, Diez MC, Karpouzas DG. Bioaugmentation and rhizosphere-assisted biodegradation as strategies for optimization of the dissipation capacity of biobeds. J Environ Manage 2017; 187:103-110. [PMID: 27886583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biobeds are on-farm biodepuration systems whose efficiency rely on their high pesticide biodegradation capacity. We evaluated two optimization strategies, bioaugmentation and/or rhizosphere-assisted biodegradation, to maximize the dissipation capacity of biobeds. Iprodione was used as a model pesticide. Its dissipation and metabolism was determined in a biobed packing material inoculated with an iprodione-degrading Arthrobacter strain C1 (bioaugmentation, treatments B+C1) and/or seeded with ryegrass (rhizosphere-assisted biodegradation, treatments B+P). The impact of those strategies on the activity and composition of the microbial community was determined. Bioaugmentation accelerated the dissipation of iprodione which was further enhanced in the bioaugmented, rhizosphere-assisted treatment (treatment B+P+C1, Half-life (DT50) = 3.4 d), compared to the non-bioaugmented, non rhizosphere-assisted control (DT50 = 9.5 d, treatment B). Bioaugmentation resulted in the earlier formation of intermediate formation of metabolites I (3,5-dichlorophenyl-carboxamide), II (3,5-dichlorophenylurea acetate) and 3,5-dichloroaniline (3,5-DCA). The latter was further dissipated by the indigenous microbial community. Acid phosphatase (AP) and β-glucosidase (GLU) were temporarily stimulated in rhizosphere-assisted treatments, whereas a stimulation of the fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolytic activity in the bioaugmented treatments coincided with the hydrolysis of iprodione. q-PCR showed that changes in the abundance of alpha-proteobacteria and firmicutes was driven by the presence of rhizosphere while bioaugmentation had no significant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Campos
- Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - C Perruchon
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Viopolis 41500, Greece
| | - P A Karas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Viopolis 41500, Greece
| | - D Karavasilis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Viopolis 41500, Greece
| | - M C Diez
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile
| | - D G Karpouzas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Viopolis 41500, Greece.
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26
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Bogen KT, Singhal A. Malathion dermal permeability in relation to dermal load: Assessment by physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of in vivo human data. J Environ Sci Health B 2017; 52:138-146. [PMID: 27820679 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1248150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Estimates of dermal permeability (Kp), obtained by fitting an updated human PBPK model for malathion to previously reported data on excreted urinary metabolites after 29 volunteers were dermally exposed to measured values of [14C]malathion dermal load (L), were used to examine the empirical relationship between Kp and L. The PBPK model was adapted from previously reported human biokinetic and PBPK models for malathion, fit to previously reported urinary excretion data after oral [14C]malathion intake by volunteers, and then augmented to incorporate a standard Kp approach to modeling dermal-uptake kinetics. Good to excellent PBPK-model fits were obtained to all of 29 sets of cumulative urinary metabolite-excretion data (ave. [±1 SD] R2 = 0.953 [±0.064]). Contrary to the assumption that Kp and L are independent typically applied for dermally administered liquids or solutions, the 29 PBPK-based estimates of Kp obtained for malathion exhibit a strong positive association with the 2/3rds power of L (log-log Pearson correlation = 0.925, p = ∼0). Possible explanations of this observation involving physico-chemical characteristics and/or in vivo cutaneous effects of malathion are discussed. The PBPK model presented, and our observation that Kp estimates obtained by fitting this model to human experimental urinary-excretion data correlate well with L2/3, allow more realistic assessments of absorbed and metabolized dose during or after a variety of scenarios involving actual or potential dermal or multi-route malathion exposures, including for pesticide workers or farmers who apply malathion to crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankur Singhal
- a Exponent Health Sciences , Oakland , California , USA
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27
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Chen H, Lin Y, Zhou H, Zhou X, Gong S, Xu H. Synthesis and Characterization of Chlorpyrifos/Copper(II) Schiff Base Mesoporous Silica with pH Sensitivity for Pesticide Sustained Release. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:8095-8102. [PMID: 27715024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The salicylaldehyde-modified mesoporous silica (SA-MCM-41) was prepared through a co-condensation method. Through the bridge effect from the copper ion, which also acts as the nutrition of the plant, the model drug chlorpyrifos (CH) was supported on the copper(II) Schiff base mesoporous silica (Cu-MCM-41) to form a highly efficient sustained-release system (CH-Cu-MCM-41) for pesticide delivery. The experimental results showed that the larger the concentration of the copper ion, the more adsorption capacity (AC) of Cu-MCM-41 for chlorpyrifos and the smaller its release rate. The results confirmed the existence of a coordination bond between SA-MCM-41 and copper ions as well as a coordination bond between Cu-MCM-41 and chlorpyrifos. The AC of SA-MCM-41 is 106 mg/g, while that of Cu-MCM-41 is 295 mg/g. The as-synthesized system showed significant pH sensitivity. Under the condition of pH ≤ 7, the release rate of chlorpyrifos decreased with increasing pH, whereas its release rate in weak base conditions was slightly larger than that in weak acid conditions. Meanwhile, the drug release rate of the as-synthesized system was also affected by the temperature. Their sustained-release curves can be described by the Korsmeyer-Peppas equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueshun Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, People's Republic of China
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28
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Pan H, Geng J, Qin Y, Tou F, Zhou J, Liu M, Yang Y. PCBs and OCPs in fish along coastal fisheries in China: Distribution and health risk assessment. Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 111:483-487. [PMID: 27344286 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PCBs and OCPs were analyzed in fish (bass) taken along Chinese coastal fisheries. In the bass muscle, PCB, DDT and HCH concentrations were in the range of 1.02-2.2ng/g, 0.44-1.74 and 2.84-106.11ng/gww, respectively. Spatial distribution showed that the concentrations of target contaminants in bass from south fisheries were in general much lower than those from north fisheries in China. The ratios of OCP congeners suggested that technical DDT was not the main input and a recent usage of lindane or old technical HCH residuals could be the source of HCHs. The OCC concentrations in liver (127-442.43ng/gww) from selected samples were 8-12 and 10-14 times higher than those in gills and muscles, respectively. Based on the maximum allowable fish assumption rate (CRlim and CRmm), it could cause human health risk, by consuming bass samples taken from highly contaminated fisheries including QD and ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jingjing Geng
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yukun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Feiyun Tou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junliang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan North Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan North Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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29
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Genuis SJ, Lane K, Birkholz D. Human Elimination of Organochlorine Pesticides: Blood, Urine, and Sweat Study. Biomed Res Int 2016; 2016:1624643. [PMID: 27800487 PMCID: PMC5069380 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1624643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background. Many individuals have been exposed to organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) through food, water, air, dermal exposure, and/or vertical transmission. Due to enterohepatic reabsorption and affinity to adipose tissue, OCPs are not efficiently eliminated from the human body and may accrue in tissues. Many epidemiological studies demonstrate significant exposure-disease relationships suggesting OCPs can alter metabolic function and potentially lead to illness. There is limited study of interventions to facilitate OCP elimination from the human body. This study explored the efficacy of induced perspiration as a means to eliminate OCPs. Methods. Blood, urine, and sweat (BUS) were collected from 20 individuals. Analysis of 23 OCPs was performed using dual-column gas chromatography with electron-capture detectors. Results. Various OCPs and metabolites, including DDT, DDE, methoxychlor, endrin, and endosulfan sulfate, were excreted into perspiration. Generally, sweat samples showed more frequent OCP detection than serum or urine analysis. Many OCPs were not readily detected in blood testing while still being excreted and identified in sweat. No direct correlation was found among OCP concentrations in the blood, urine, or sweat compartments. Conclusions. Sweat analysis may be useful in detecting some accrued OCPs not found in regular serum testing. Induced perspiration may be a viable clinical tool for eliminating some OCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Genuis
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2R7
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1
| | - Kevin Lane
- Department of Chemistry, The King's University, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6B 2H3
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30
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Dang VD, Kroll KJ, Supowit SD, Halden RU, Denslow ND. Tissue distribution of organochlorine pesticides in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) from laboratory exposure and a contaminated lake. Environ Pollut 2016; 216:877-883. [PMID: 27394080 PMCID: PMC5014564 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Tissue concentrations of persistent organochlorine pesticides in laboratory-exposed largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and in bass collected from Lake Apopka, FL were determined by both total mass and lipid normalized mass to better understand the bioaccumulation pathways of contaminants. In the laboratory study, male bass were orally administered a single dose of a mixture of two pesticides (p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) and dieldrin) and then fed uncontaminated food for 28 days. Gastrointestinal tract, liver, brain, gonad, kidney, spleen, and muscle were collected for chemical analysis. Different profiles were observed by total contaminant mass in tissues compared to lipid normalized mass. On a lipid normalized basis, p,p'-DDE was highest in the gastrointestinal tract followed by the liver, gonad, spleen, muscle, kidney and then brain. Dieldrin, on the other hand, was highest in the gastrointestinal tract and spleen and then followed by the gonad, muscle, liver, kidney, and brain. Distribution of the chemicals among the organs differed by their log KOW values and generally followed the blood flow path after the gastrointestinal tract. The low contaminant levels found in kidney and brain suggest insufficient time for equilibration into these tissues, especially into the brain where the blood-brain barrier may be slow to traverse. In Lake Apopka fish, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDXs, sum of p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, and p,p'-DDT), Drins (sum of aldrin, dieldrin, and endrin), and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) were found. For DDXs, the lipid normalized concentrations in each tissue were about the same, as predicted from theory. For Drins and HCHs, the lipid normalized concentrations were similar for kidney, spleen, brain, gonad and muscle, but much lower in the gastrointestinal tract and liver, probably because of metabolism occurring in those tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viet D Dang
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Kevin J Kroll
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Samuel D Supowit
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Security, The Biodesign Institute, Global Security Initiative and School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Rolf U Halden
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Security, The Biodesign Institute, Global Security Initiative and School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Nancy D Denslow
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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31
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Jia JL, Jin XY, Liu QL, Liang WL, Lin MS, Xu HH. Preparation, Characterization and Intracellular Imaging of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Conjugated Gold Nanorods. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:4936-42. [PMID: 27483849 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Visualizing the biodistribution of pesticides inside living cells is great importance for enhancing targeting of pesticides. Here we reported for the first time that gold nanorods (Au NRs) with size of 39.4 nm x 11.3 nm could be used as a fluorescent tracer to examine the distribution of a typical herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), in tobacco bright yellow 2 (BY-2) cells. The nanostructures of hybrid materials were analyzed by using Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), including spectra assignments and electronic property. These data revealed 2,4-D has successfully conjugated MP-Au NRs according to Raman and XPS. The biodistribution of the conjugates inside BY-2 cells was directly examined at 12 and 24 h by the two-photon microscopy. The intensity of two-photon luminescence (TPL) inside cells demonstrated that the conjugates could be localized and excluded by BY-2 cells. Thus, this labeling approach opens up new avenues to the facile and efficient labeling of pesticides.
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Abstract
Metals are ubiquitously present in the environment and pesticides are widely used throughout the world. Environmental and occupational exposure to metal along with pesticide is an area of great concern to both the public and regulatory authorities. Our major concern is that combination of these toxicant present in environment may elicit toxicity either due to additive or synergistic interactions or 'joint toxic actions' among these toxicants. It poses a rising threat to human health. Water contamination particularly ground water contamination with arsenic is a serious problem in today's scenario since arsenic is associated with several kinds of health problems, such arsenic associated health anomalies are commonly called as 'Arsenism'. Uncontrolled use and spillage of pesticides into the environment has resulted in alarming situation. Moreover serious concerns are being addressed due to their persistence in the environmental matrices such as air, soil and surface water runoff resulting in continuous exposure of these harmful chemicals to human beings and animals. Bio-availability of these environmental toxicants has been enhanced much due to anthropological activities. Dreadfully very few studies are available on combined exposures to these toxicants on the animal or human system. Studies on the acute and chronic exposure to arsenic and DDVP are well reported and well defined. Arsenic is a common global ground water contaminant while dichlorvos is one of the most commonly and widely employed organophosphate based insecticide used in agriculture, horticulture etc. There is thus a real situation where a human may get exposed to these toxicants while working in a field. This review highlights the individual and combined exposure to arsenic and dichlorvos on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaran J S Flora
- Division of Regulatory Toxicology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India.
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Otto S, Pappalardo SE, Cardinali A, Masin R, Zanin G, Borin M. Vegetated Ditches for the Mitigation of Pesticides Runoff in the Po Valley. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153287. [PMID: 27070781 PMCID: PMC4829255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In intensive agricultural systems runoff is one of the major potential diffuse pollution pathways for pesticides and poses a risk to surface water. Ditches are common in the Po Valley and can potentially provide runoff mitigation for the protection of watercourses. The effectiveness depends on ditch characteristics, so there is an urgent need for site-specific field trials. The use of a fugacity model (multimedia model) can allows recognition of the mitigation main processes. A field experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the mitigation capacity of a typical vegetated ditch, and results were compared with predictions by a fugacity model. To evaluate herbicide mitigation after an extreme runoff, the ditch was flooded with water containing mesotrione, S-metolachlor and terbuthylazine. Two other subsequent floods with uncontaminated water were applied 27 and 82 days later to evaluate herbicides release. Results show that the ditch can immediately reduce runoff concentration of herbicides by at least 50% even in extreme flooding conditions. The half-distances were about 250 m. As a general rule, a runoff of 1 mm from 5 ha is mitigated by 99% in 100 m of vegetated ditch. Herbicides retention in the vegetated ditch was reversible, and the second flood mobilized 0.03-0.2% of the previous one, with a concentration below the drinking water limit of 0.1 μg L(-1). No herbicide was detected in the third flood, because the residual amount in the ditch was too low. Fugacity model results show that specific physical-chemical parameters may be used and a specific soil-sediment-plant compartment included for modelling herbicides behaviour in a vegetated ditch, and confirm that accumulation is low or negligible for herbicides with a half-life of 40 days or less. Shallow vegetated ditches can thus be included in a general agri-environment scheme for the mitigation of pesticides runoff together with wetlands and linear buffer strips. These structures are present in the landscape, and their environmental role can be exploited by proper management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Otto
- National Research Council, Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro (PD), Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Salvatore E. Pappalardo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Alessandra Cardinali
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Roberta Masin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zanin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Maurizio Borin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Centofanti T, McConnell LL, Chaney RL, Beyer WN, Andrade NA, Hapeman CJ, Torrents A, Nguyen A, Anderson MO, Novak JM, Jackson D. Organic amendments for risk mitigation of organochlorine pesticide residues in old orchard soils. Environ Pollut 2016; 210:182-191. [PMID: 26716732 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Performance of compost and biochar amendments for in situ risk mitigation of aged DDT, DDE and dieldrin residues in an old orchard soil was examined. The change in bioavailability of pesticide residues to Lumbricus terrestris L. relative to the unamended control soil was assessed using 4-L soil microcosms with and without plant cover in a 48-day experiment. The use of aged dairy manure compost and biosolids compost was found to be effective, especially in the planted treatments, at lowering the bioavailability factor (BAF) by 18-39%; however, BAF results for DDT in the unplanted soil treatments were unaffected or increased. The pine chip biochar utilized in this experiment was ineffective at lower the BAF of pesticides in the soil. The US EPA Soil Screening Level approach was used with our measured values. Addition of 10% of the aged dairy manure compost reduced the average hazard quotient values to below 1.0 for DDT + DDE and dieldrin. Results indicate this sustainable approach is appropriate to minimize risks to wildlife in areas of marginal organochlorine pesticide contamination. Application of this remediation approach has potential for use internationally in areas where historical pesticide contamination of soils remains a threat to wildlife populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Centofanti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, 1173 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Laura L McConnell
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
| | - Rufus L Chaney
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - W Nelson Beyer
- U.S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Bldg. 308, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Natasha A Andrade
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, 1173 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Cathleen J Hapeman
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Alba Torrents
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, 1173 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Anh Nguyen
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Marya O Anderson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, 1173 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Novak
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center, 2611 West Lucas St., Florence, SC, USA
| | - Dana Jackson
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
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Bányiová K, Nečasová A, Kohoutek J, Justan I, Čupr P. New experimental data on the human dermal absorption of Simazine and Carbendazim help to refine the assessment of human exposure. Chemosphere 2016; 145:148-156. [PMID: 26688251 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to their widespread usage, people are exposed to pesticides on a daily basis. Although these compounds may have adverse effects on their health, there is a gap in the data and the methodology needed to reliably quantify the risks of non-occupational human dermal exposure to pesticides. We used Franz cells and human skin in order to measure the dermal absorption kinetics (steady-state flux, lag time and permeability coefficient) of Carbendazim and Simazine. These parameters were then used to refine the dermal exposure model and a probabilistic simulation was used to quantify risks resulting from exposure to pesticide-polluted waters. The experimentally derived permeability coefficient was 0.0034 cm h(-1) for Carbendazim and 0.0047 cm h(-1) for Simazine. Two scenarios (varying exposure duration and concentration, i.e. environmentally relevant and maximum solubility) were used to quantify the human health risks (hazard quotients) for Carbendazim and Simazine. While no risks were determined in the case of either scenario, the permeability coefficient, which is concentration independent and donor, formulation, compound and membrane specific, may be used in other scenarios and exposure models to quantify more precisely the dermally absorbed dose during exposure to polluted water. To the best of our knowledge, the dermal absorption kinetics parameters defined here are being published for the first time. The usage of experimental permeability parameters in combination with probabilistic risk assessment thus provides a new tool for quantifying the risks of human dermal exposure to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Bányiová
- RECETOX - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Anežka Nečasová
- RECETOX - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Kohoutek
- RECETOX - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivan Justan
- RECETOX - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Čupr
- RECETOX - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Zhang J, Zhang J, Liu R, Gan J, Liu J, Liu W. Endocrine-Disrupting Effects of Pesticides through Interference with Human Glucocorticoid Receptor. Environ Sci Technol 2016; 50:435-443. [PMID: 26647222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Many pesticides have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) due to their ability to bind sex-steroid hormone receptors. However, little attention has been paid to the ability of pesticides to interfere with other steroid hormone receptors such as glucocorticoid receptor (GR) that plays a critical role in metabolic, endocrine, immune, and nervous systems. In this study, the glucocorticoidic and antiglucocorticoidic effects of 34 pesticides on human GR were investigated using luciferase reporter gene assay. Surprisingly, none of the test chemicals showed GR agonistic activity, but 12 chemicals exhibited apparent antagonistic effects. Bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, resmethrin, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT, methoxychlor, ethiofencarb, and tolylfluanid showed remarkable GR antagonistic properties with RIC20 values lower than 10(-6) M. The disruption of glucocorticoid-responsive genes in H4IIE and J774A.1 cells was further evaluated on these 12 GR antagonists. In H4IIEcells, four organochlorine insecticides, bifenthrin, and 3-PBA decreased cortisol-induced PEPCK gene expression, while o,p'-DDT and methoxychlor inhibited cortisol-stimulated Arg and TAT gene expression. Cypermethrin and tolyfluanid attenuated cortisol-induced TAT expression. In J774A.1 cells, λ-cyhalothrin, resmethrin, 3-PBA, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, methoxychlor- and tolylfluanid-reduced cortisol-stimulated GILZ expression. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation indicated that different interactions may stabilize the binding between molecules and GR. Our findings suggest that comprehensive screening and evaluation of GR antagonists and agonists should be considered to better understand the health and ecological risks of man-made chemicals such as pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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O'Connell SG, Kerkvliet NI, Carozza S, Rohlman D, Pennington J, Anderson KA. In vivo contaminant partitioning to silicone implants: Implications for use in biomonitoring and body burden. Environ Int 2015; 85:182-8. [PMID: 26408946 PMCID: PMC4721514 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Silicone polymers are used for a wide array of applications from passive samplers in environmental studies, to implants used in human augmentation and reconstruction. If silicone sequesters toxicants throughout implantation, it may represent a history of exposure and potentially reduce the body burden of toxicants influencing the risk of adverse health outcomes such as breast cancer. Objectives of this research included identifying a wide variety of toxicants in human silicone implants, and measuring the in vivo absorption of contaminants into silicone and surrounding tissue in an animal model. In the first study, eight human breast implants were analyzed for over 1400 organic contaminants including consumer products, chemicals in commerce, and pesticides. A total of 14 compounds including pesticides such as trans-nonachlor (1.2-5.9ng/g) and p,p'-DDE (1.2-34ng/g) were identified in human implants, 13 of which have not been previously reported in silicone prostheses. In the second project, female ICR mice were implanted with silicone and dosed with p,p'-DDE and PCB118 by intraperitoneal injection. After nine days, silicone and adipose samples were collected, and all implants in dosed mice had p,p'-DDE and PCB118 present. Distribution ratios from silicone and surrounding tissue in mice compare well with similar studies, and were used to predict adipose concentrations in human tissue. Similarities between predicted and measured chemical concentrations in mice and humans suggest that silicone may be a reliable surrogate measure of persistent toxicants. More research is needed to identify the potential of silicone implants to refine the predictive quality of chemicals found in silicone implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G O'Connell
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Nancy I Kerkvliet
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Susan Carozza
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Diana Rohlman
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Jamie Pennington
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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Gómez-Martín A, Hernández AF, Martínez-González LJ, González-Alzaga B, Rodríguez-Barranco M, López-Flores I, Aguilar-Garduno C, Lacasana M. Polymorphisms of pesticide-metabolizing genes in children living in intensive farming communities. Chemosphere 2015; 139:534-540. [PMID: 26318115 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in genes encoding xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (XME) are important parameters accounting for the wide inter-individual variability to environmental exposures. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and Cytochrome-P450 constitute major classes of XME involved in the detoxification of pesticide chemicals, in particular organophosphates. This study explored the allelic frequency, linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis of ten common polymorphic variants of seven key genes involved in organophosphate metabolism (BCHE-K, BCHE-A, PON1 Q192R, PON1 L55M, PON1 -108C/T, CYP2C19 G681A, CYP2D6 G1846A, CYP3AP1 -44G/A, GSTM1∗0 and GSTT1∗0) in a children population living near an intensive agriculture area in Spain. It was hypothesized that individuals with unfavorable combinations of gene variants will be more susceptible to adverse effects from organophosphate exposure. Genomic DNA from 496 healthy children was isolated and amplified by PCR. Hydrolysis probes were used for the detection of eight specific SNPs and two copy number variants (CNVs) by using TaqMan® Assay-based real-time PCR. Frequencies of SNPs and CNVs in the target genes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and broadly consistent with European populations. Linkage disequilibrium was found between the three PON1 genetic polymorphisms studied and between BCHE-K and BCHE-A. The adverse genotype combination (unusual BCHE variants, PON1 55MM/-108TT and null genotype for both GSTM1 and GSTT1) potentially conferring a greater genetic risk from exposure to organophosphates was observed in 0.2% of our study population. This information allows broadening our knowledge about differential susceptibility toward environmental toxicants and may be helpful for further research to understand the inter-individual toxicokinetic variability in response to organophosphate pesticides exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gómez-Martín
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain; Center GENYO (Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research), Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain.
| | - Luis Javier Martínez-González
- Center GENYO (Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research), Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz González-Alzaga
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain; Institute of Biosanitary Research (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain; Institute of Biosanitary Research (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Marina Lacasana
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain; Institute of Biosanitary Research (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals/University of Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Tsygankov VY, Boyarova MD, Lukyanova ON. Bioaccumulation of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) by gray whale and Pacific walrus from the western part of the Bering Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 99:235-239. [PMID: 26169228 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The feeding habits of a gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) and a Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens), caught from the western Bering Sea in the summers of 2010 and 2011, have been studied, and concentration of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in their organs determined. The total OCP concentration (∑HCH+∑DDT) in muscles and liver of the gray whales varies from 297 to 3581 and from 769 to 13,808 ng/g lipids, respectively. The total OCP concentration (∑HCH+∑DDT) in muscles and liver of the Pacific walruses varies from 197 to 5659 and from 4856 to 90,263 ng/g lipids, respectively. The specifics of diet as a source of pesticide accumulation in these two marine mammal species are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olga N Lukyanova
- Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Vladivostok, Russia; Pacific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO-Centre), Vladivostok, Russia
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40
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Lyons K, Lowe CG. Organochlorine contaminants and maternal offloading in the lecithotrophic Pacific angel shark (Squatina californica) collected from southern California. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 97:518-522. [PMID: 25986655 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pacific angel sharks (Squatina californica) are a benthic elasmobranch that occupy intermediate trophic level positions in coastal food webs. Angel sharks' life history characteristics make them susceptible to accumulating high amounts of contaminants. Four angel sharks were opportunistically captured in southern California and their liver and uterine contents were analyzed for PCBs, DDTs and other pesticides. High DDT:PCB ratios were found in the sharks indicating direct or indirect foraging near a local EPA Superfund Site. Organic contaminants were measured in ovulated eggs, indicating that females are able to maternally offload contaminants. Despite the potential mismatch between ovarian and uterine fecundity, we estimated females to offload approximately 13±5% of their total body load, which represents the upper limit of this capability. Although low in sample size, the initial findings from this study suggest that habitat use might play an important role in contaminant accumulation in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kady Lyons
- California State University Long Beach, CA 90840, United States.
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41
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Wang J, Liang W, Henkelmann B, Pfister G, Schramm KW. Organochlorine pesticides accumulated by SPMD-based virtual organisms and feral fish in Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Environ Pollut 2015; 202:160-167. [PMID: 25827691 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) accumulated by semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) -based virtual organisms (VOs) and local feral fish were studied in Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), China. VOs were deployed at seven sites in TGR for two periods in 2009 and 5 species of fish with different living habitats and feeding habits collected in the same periods from two counties in TGR. 28 OCPs were analyzed and the concentration and profile of OCPs in fish were quite different from those in VOs. The lipid-based concentrations of OCPs in fish ranged from 225.7 ng/g lw to 1996.4 ng/g lw which were much higher than those in VOs which ranged from 17.3 to 112.4 ng/g lw. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) were the prevalent OCPs in the investigated fish, while hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was the dominant compound in VOs. DDT in the few fish sample analyzed was not of concern based on chemical contaminant limits of non-carcinogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstädter Landstr.1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Department für Biowissenschaften, Weihenstephaner Steig 23, 85350 Freising, Germany.
| | - Wei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bernhard Henkelmann
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstädter Landstr.1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerd Pfister
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstädter Landstr.1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Werner Schramm
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstädter Landstr.1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Department für Biowissenschaften, Weihenstephaner Steig 23, 85350 Freising, Germany.
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Gómez-Martín A, Altakroni B, Lozano-Paniagua D, Margison GP, de Vocht F, Povey AC, Hernández AF. Increased N7-methyldeoxyguanosine DNA adducts after occupational exposure to pesticides and influence of genetic polymorphisms of paraoxonase-1 and glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1. Environ Mol Mutagen 2015; 56:437-445. [PMID: 25427726 DOI: 10.1002/em.21929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
There are concerns about genetic risks associated with long-term exposure to pesticides as these compounds may damage DNA, resulting in mutations that eventually lead to cancer, neurological, and reproductive adverse health effects. This study assessed DNA damage in intensive agricultural workers exposed to pesticides by determining the levels of N7-methyldeoxyguanosine (N7-MedG), an adduct known to be a robust biomarker of recent exposure to chemical methylating agents. A cohort of 39 plastic greenhouse workers was assessed for changes in lymphocyte DNA N7-MedG levels between low level and high level exposures during the course of a spraying season. The contributions of genetic polymorphisms of the pesticide-metabolizing enzymes paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and the glutathione S-transferases, GSTM1 and GSTT1, on N7-MedG levels and other potential confounders were also assessed. N7-MedG increased in the period of high pesticide exposure as compared to the low exposure period (0.23 and 0.18 µmol N7-MedG/mol dG for the unadjusted and adjusted linear mixed models, P = 0.02 and 0.08, respectively). Significant decreased levels of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and plasma cholinesterase were observed in the high versus low exposure period in both the unadjusted (2.85 U/g hemoglobin and 213.13 U/L, respectively) and adjusted linear mixed models (2.99 U/g hemoglobin and 230.77 U/L, respectively), indicating pesticide intake. In intensive agriculture workers, higher pesticide exposure increased DNA alkylation levels, further demonstrating the genotoxicity of pesticides in man. In addition, pesticide-exposed individuals with inherited susceptible metabolic genotypes (particularly, null genotype for GSTM1 and the PON1 192R allele) appear to have an increased risk of genotoxic DNA damage. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 56:437-445, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gómez-Martín
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain
| | - Bashar Altakroni
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David Lozano-Paniagua
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain
| | - Geoffrey P Margison
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Frank de Vocht
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew C Povey
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Wester
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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Bussy U, Chung-Davidson YW, Li K, Li W. A quantitative assay for reductive metabolism of a pesticide in fish using electrochemistry coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:4450-4457. [PMID: 25730707 DOI: 10.1021/es5057769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study to use electrochemistry to generate a nitro reduction metabolite as a standard for a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based quantitative assay. This approach is further used to quantify 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) reductive metabolism. TFM is a widely used pesticide for the population control of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), an invasive species of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Three animal models, sea lamprey, lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), were selected to evaluate TFM reductive metabolism because they have been known to show differential susceptibilities to TFM toxicity. Amino-TFM (aTFM; 3-trifluoromethyl-4-aminophenol) was the only reductive metabolite identified through liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry screening of liver extracts incubated with TFM and was targeted for electrochemical synthesis. After synthesis and purification, aTFM was used to develop a quantitative assay of the reductive metabolism of TFM through liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The concentrations of aTFM were measured from TFM-treated cellular fractions, including cytosolic, nuclear, membrane, and mitochondrial protein extracts. Sea lamprey extracts produced the highest concentrations (500 ng/mL) of aTFM. In addition, sea lamprey and sturgeon cytosolic extracts showed concentrations of aTFM substantially higher than those of rainbow trout. However, other fractions of lake sturgeon extracts tend to show aTFM concentrations similar to those of rainbow trout but not with sea lamprey. These data suggest that the level of reductive metabolism of TFM may be associated with the sensitivities of the animals to this particular pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Bussy
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Yu-Wen Chung-Davidson
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Hamdi H, De La Torre-Roche R, Hawthorne J, White JC. Impact of non-functionalized and amino-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes on pesticide uptake by lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Nanotoxicology 2015; 9:172-80. [PMID: 24716640 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.907456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of non-functionalized and amino-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube (CNT) exposure, as well as the impact of CNT presence on coexistent pesticide accumulation, was investigated in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Lettuce seeds were sown directly into CNT-amended vermiculite (1000 mg L(-1)) to monitor phytotoxicity during germination and growth. During growth, lettuce seedlings were subsequently exposed to chlordane (cis-chlordane [CS], trans-chlordane [TC] and trans-nonachlor [TN]) and p,p'-DDE (all at 100 ng/L) in the irrigation solution for a 19-d growth period. CNT exposure did not significantly influence seed germination (82-96%) or plant growth. Similarly, pesticide exposure had no impact on plant growth, total pigment production or tissue lipid peroxidation. After 19 d, the root content of total chlordane and p,p'-DDE was 390 and 73.8 µg g(-1), respectively; in plants not exposed to CNTs, the shoot levels were 1.58 and 0.40 µg g(-1), respectively. The presence and type of CNT significantly influenced pesticide availability to lettuce seedlings. Non-functionalized CNT decreased the root and shoot pesticide content by 88% and 78%, respectively, but amino-functionalized CNT effects were significantly more modest, with decreases of 57% in the roots and 23% in the shoots, respectively. The presence of humic acid completely reversed the reduced accumulation of pesticides induced by amino-functionalized CNT, likely due to strong competition over adsorption sites on the nanomaterial (NM). These findings have implications for food safety and for the use of engineered NMs in agriculture, especially with leafy vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmi Hamdi
- Water Research and Technology Center, University of Carthage , Soliman , Tunisia and
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Abraham MH, Acree WE. Reply to the comment on "A simple method for estimating in vitro air-tissue and in vivo blood-tissue partition coefficients". Chemosphere 2015; 120:797-798. [PMID: 25466822 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Abraham
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - William E Acree
- Department of Chemistry, 1155 Union Circle Drive #305070, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
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Abraham MH, Gola JMR, Ibrahim A, Acree WE, Liu X. A simple method for estimating in vitro air-tissue and in vivo blood-tissue partition coefficients. Chemosphere 2015; 120:188-191. [PMID: 25038273 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple method is reported for the estimation of in vivo air-tissue partition coefficients of VOCs and of in vitro blood-tissue partition coefficients for volatile organic compounds and other compounds. Linear free energy relationships for tissues such as brain, muscle, liver, lung, kidney, heart, skin and fat are available and once the Abraham descriptors are known for a compound, no more than simple arithmetic is required to estimate air-tissue and blood-tissue partitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Abraham
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Joelle M R Gola
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Adam Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - William E Acree
- Department of Chemistry, 1155 Union Circle Drive #305070, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Xiangli Liu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
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Endo S, Brown TN, Goss KU. Comments on "A simple method for estimating in vitro air-tissue and in vivo blood-tissue partition coefficients" by Abraham, Gala, Ibrahim, Acree and Liu. Chemosphere 2015; 120:793-796. [PMID: 25465960 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Endo
- Department of Analytical Environmental Chemistry, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Trevor N Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Kai-Uwe Goss
- Department of Analytical Environmental Chemistry, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Chemistry, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
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Bu Q, MacLeod M, Wong F, Toms LML, Mueller JF, Yu G. Historical intake and elimination of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides by the Australian population reconstructed from biomonitoring data. Environ Int 2015; 74:82-88. [PMID: 25454223 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying the competing rates of intake and elimination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the human body is necessary to understand the levels and trends of POPs at a population level. In this paper we reconstruct the historical intake and elimination of ten polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and five organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from Australian biomonitoring data by fitting a population-level pharmacokinetic (PK) model. Our analysis exploits two sets of cross-sectional biomonitoring data for PCBs and OCPs in pooled blood serum samples from the Australian population that were collected in 2003 and 2009. The modeled adult reference intakes in 1975 for PCB congeners ranged from 0.89 to 24.5ng/kgbw/day, lower than the daily intakes of OCPs ranging from 73 to 970ng/kgbw/day. Modeled intake rates are declining with half-times from 1.1 to 1.3years for PCB congeners and 0.83 to 0.97years for OCPs. The shortest modeled intrinsic human elimination half-life among the compounds studied here is 6.4years for hexachlorobenzene, and the longest is 30years for PCB-74. Our results indicate that it is feasible to reconstruct intakes and to estimate intrinsic human elimination half-lives using the population-level PK model and biomonitoring data only. Our modeled intrinsic human elimination half-lives are in good agreement with values from a similar study carried out for the population of the United Kingdom, and are generally longer than reported values from other industrialized countries in the Northern Hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Bu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10085, China; School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Matthew MacLeod
- Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Fiona Wong
- Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leisa-Maree L Toms
- School of Clinical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jochen F Mueller
- The University of Queensland, Entox, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Australia
| | - Gang Yu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10085, China.
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Cholewa R, Beutling D, Budzyk J, Pietrzak M, Walorczyk S. Persistent organochlorine pesticides in internal organs of coypu, Myocastor coypus. J Environ Sci Health B 2015; 50:590-594. [PMID: 26065519 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2015.1028844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A highly selective and sensitive method based on gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) to identify and quantify persistent organochlorine pesticides, (18 compounds including primary compounds and metabolites), in animal internal organs (kidneys, liver, and brain) has been developed. Tandem mass spectrometric conditions were individually optimized for each target compound in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode to obtain maximum sensitivity. Prior to instrumental analysis, a sample preparation method based on matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) followed by acidic digestion with sulfuric acid to reduce matrix co-extractives was employed. Analyses of real samples were carried out on coypus (Myocastor coypus) from the autumn slaughter of 19 animals. In the analyzed samples, three of the target compounds, namely DDE-pp' (DDT metabolite), HCB and lindane, were detected. Their concentration levels fell in the ranges of 0.003-0.007, 0.003-0.025, and 0.003-0.021 mg kg(-1) (0.005, 0.010, and 0.010 mg kg(-1) on average) in the case of DDE-pp', HCB and lindane, respectively. Although low quantities of organochlorine pesticides do not pose an immediate danger to consumers' health, they should be of public health concern considering long-term, low-dose exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Cholewa
- a Department of Small Mammals Breeding and Animal Origin Materials, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
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