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Liao YY, Pereira J, Huang Z, Fan Q, Santra S, White JC, De La Torre-Roche R, Da Silva S, Vallad GE, Freeman JH, Jones JB, Paret ML. Potential of Novel Magnesium Nanomaterials to Manage Bacterial Spot Disease of Tomato in Greenhouse and Field Conditions. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12091832. [PMID: 37176889 PMCID: PMC10180654 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial spot of tomato is among the most economically relevant diseases affecting tomato plants globally. In previous studies, non-formulated magnesium oxide nanoparticles (nano-MgOs) significantly reduced the disease severity in greenhouse and field conditions. However, the aggregation of nano-MgO in liquid suspension makes it challenging to use in field applications. Therefore, we formulated two novel MgO nanomaterials (SgMg #3 and SgMg #2.5) and one MgOH2 nanomaterial (SgMc) and evaluated their physical characteristics, antibacterial properties, and disease reduction abilities. Among the three Mg nanomaterials, SgMc showed the highest efficacy against copper-tolerant strains of Xanthomonas perforans in vitro, and provided disease reduction in the greenhouse experiments compared with commercial Cu bactericide and an untreated control. However, SgMc was not consistently effective in field conditions. To determine the cause of its inconsistent efficacy in different environments, we monitored particle size, zeta potential, morphology, and crystallinity for all three formulated materials and nano-MgOs. The MgO particle size was determined by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) study confirmed a change in the crystallinity of MgO from a periclase to an Mg(OH)2 brucite crystal structure. As a result, the bactericidal activity correlated with the high crystallinity present in nano-MgOs and SgMc, while the inconsistent antimicrobial potency of SgMg #3 and SgMg #2.5 might have been related to loss of crystallinity. Future studies are needed to determine which specific variables impair the performance of these nanomaterials in the field compared to under greenhouse conditions. Although SgMc did not lead to significant disease severity reduction in the field, it still has the potential to act as an alternative to Cu against bacterial spot disease in tomato transplant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yu Liao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
| | - Jorge Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Ziyang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Qiurong Fan
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
| | - Swadeshmukul Santra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Susannah Da Silva
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
| | - Gary E Vallad
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL 33598, USA
| | - Joshua H Freeman
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Jones
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Mathews L Paret
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
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2
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Marmiroli M, Pagano L, Rossi R, De La Torre-Roche R, Lepore GO, Ruotolo R, Gariani G, Bonanni V, Pollastri S, Puri A, Gianoncelli A, Aquilanti G, d'Acapito F, White JC, Marmiroli N. Copper Oxide Nanomaterial Fate in Plant Tissue: Nanoscale Impacts on Reproductive Tissues. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:10769-10783. [PMID: 34308629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A thorough understanding of the implications of chronic low-dose exposure to engineered nanomaterials through the food chain is lacking. The present study aimed to characterize such a response in Cucurbita pepo L. (zucchini) upon exposure to a potential nanoscale fertilizer: copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. Zucchini was grown in soil amended with nano-CuO, bulk CuO (100 mg Kg-1), and CuSO4 (320 mg Kg-1) from germination to flowering (60 days). Nano-CuO treatment had no impact on plant morphology or growth nor pollen formation and viability. The uptake of Cu was comparable in the plant tissues under all treatments. RNA-seq analyses on vegetative and reproductive tissues highlighted common and nanoscale-specific components of the response. Mitochondrial and chloroplast functions were uniquely modulated in response to nanomaterial exposure as compared with conventional bulk and salt forms. X-ray absorption spectroscopy showed that the Cu local structure changed upon nano-CuO internalization, suggesting potential nanoparticle biotransformation within the plant tissues. These findings demonstrate the potential positive physiological, cellular, and molecular response related to nano-CuO application as a plant fertilizer, highlighting the differential mechanisms involved in the exposure to Cu in nanoscale, bulk, or salt forms. Nano-CuO uniquely stimulates plant response in a way that can minimize agrochemical inputs to the environment and therefore could be an important strategy in nanoenabled agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Luca Pagano
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | | | - Roberta Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gariani
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Valentina Bonanni
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Simone Pollastri
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Alessandro Puri
- CNR-IOM-OGG c/o ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs CS 40220, Grenoble Cédex 9 F-38043, France
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Giuliana Aquilanti
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Francesco d'Acapito
- CNR-IOM-OGG c/o ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs CS 40220, Grenoble Cédex 9 F-38043, France
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per le Scienze Ambientali (CINSA), University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
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3
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Ma C, Borgatta J, Hudson BG, Tamijani AA, De La Torre-Roche R, Zuverza-Mena N, Shen Y, Elmer W, Xing B, Mason SE, Hamers RJ, White JC. Advanced material modulation of nutritional and phytohormone status alleviates damage from soybean sudden death syndrome. Nat Nanotechnol 2020. [PMID: 33077964 DOI: 10.1038/s41565020007761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Customized Cu3(PO4)2 and CuO nanosheets and commercial CuO nanoparticles were investigated for micronutrient delivery and suppression of soybean sudden death syndrome. An ab initio thermodynamics approach modelled how material morphology and matrix effects control the nutrient release. Infection reduced the biomass and photosynthesis by 70.3 and 60%, respectively; the foliar application of nanoscale Cu reversed this damage. Disease-induced changes in the antioxidant enzyme activity and fatty acid profile were also alleviated by Cu amendment. The transcription of two dozen defence- and health-related genes correlates a nanoscale Cu-enhanced innate disease response to reduced pathogenicity and increased growth. Cu-based nanosheets exhibited a greater disease suppression than that of CuO nanoparticles due to a greater leaf surface affinity and Cu dissolution, as determined computationally and experimentally. The findings highlight the importance and tunability of nanomaterial properties, such as morphology, composition and dissolution. The early seedling foliar application of nanoscale Cu to modulate nutrition and enhance immunity offers a great potential for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Ma
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaya Borgatta
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Blake Geoffrey Hudson
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ali Abbaspour Tamijani
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yu Shen
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wade Elmer
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sara Elizabeth Mason
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert John Hamers
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jason Christopher White
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Ma C, Borgatta J, Hudson BG, Tamijani AA, De La Torre-Roche R, Zuverza-Mena N, Shen Y, Elmer W, Xing B, Mason SE, Hamers RJ, White JC. Advanced material modulation of nutritional and phytohormone status alleviates damage from soybean sudden death syndrome. Nat Nanotechnol 2020; 15:1033-1042. [PMID: 33077964 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-00776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Customized Cu3(PO4)2 and CuO nanosheets and commercial CuO nanoparticles were investigated for micronutrient delivery and suppression of soybean sudden death syndrome. An ab initio thermodynamics approach modelled how material morphology and matrix effects control the nutrient release. Infection reduced the biomass and photosynthesis by 70.3 and 60%, respectively; the foliar application of nanoscale Cu reversed this damage. Disease-induced changes in the antioxidant enzyme activity and fatty acid profile were also alleviated by Cu amendment. The transcription of two dozen defence- and health-related genes correlates a nanoscale Cu-enhanced innate disease response to reduced pathogenicity and increased growth. Cu-based nanosheets exhibited a greater disease suppression than that of CuO nanoparticles due to a greater leaf surface affinity and Cu dissolution, as determined computationally and experimentally. The findings highlight the importance and tunability of nanomaterial properties, such as morphology, composition and dissolution. The early seedling foliar application of nanoscale Cu to modulate nutrition and enhance immunity offers a great potential for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Ma
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaya Borgatta
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Blake Geoffrey Hudson
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ali Abbaspour Tamijani
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yu Shen
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wade Elmer
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sara Elizabeth Mason
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert John Hamers
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jason Christopher White
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA.
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De La Torre-Roche R, Cantu J, Tamez C, Zuverza-Mena N, Hamdi H, Adisa IO, Elmer W, Gardea-Torresdey J, White JC. Seed Biofortification by Engineered Nanomaterials: A Pathway To Alleviate Malnutrition? J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:12189-12202. [PMID: 33085897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies in global food chains are a significant cause of ill health around the world, particularly in developing countries. Agriculture is the primary source of nutrients required for sound health, and as the population has continued to grow, the agricultural sector has come under pressure to improve crop production, in terms of both quantity and quality, to meet the global demands for food security. The use of engineered nanomaterial (ENM) has emerged as a promising technology to sustainably improve the efficiency of current agricultural practices as well as overall crop productivity. One promising approach that has begun to receive attention is to use ENM as seed treatments to biofortify agricultural crop production and quality. This review highlights the current state of the science for this approach as well as critical knowledge gaps and research needs that must be overcome to optimize the sustainable application of nano-enabled seed fortification approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Jesus Cantu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Carlos Tamez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Helmi Hamdi
- Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ishaq O Adisa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Wade Elmer
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Jorge Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
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6
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Cao X, DeLoid GM, Bitounis D, De La Torre-Roche R, White JC, Zhang Z, Ho CG, Ng KW, Eitzer BD, Demokritou P. Co-exposure to the food additives SiO 2 (E551) or TiO 2 (E171) and the pesticide boscalid increases cytotoxicity and bioavailability of the pesticide in a tri-culture small intestinal epithelium model: Potential health implications. Environ Sci Nano 2019; 6:2786-2800. [PMID: 32133147 PMCID: PMC7055717 DOI: 10.1039/c9en00676a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Many toxicity investigations have evaluated the potential health risks of ingested engineered nanomaterials (iENMs); however, few have addressed the potential combined effects of iENMs and other toxic compounds (e.g. pesticides) in food. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the effects of two widely used, partly nanoscale, engineered particulate food additives, TiO2 (E171) and SiO2 (E551), on the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake and translocation of the pesticide boscalid. Fasting food model (phosphate buffer) containing iENM (1% w/w), boscalid (10 or 150 ppm), or both, was processed using a simulated in vitro oral-gastric-small intestinal digestion system. The resulting small intestinal digesta was applied to an in vitro tri-culture small intestinal epithelium model, and effects on cell layer integrity, viability, cytotoxicity and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed. Boscalid uptake and translocation was also quantified by LC/MS. Cytotoxicity and ROS production in cells exposed to combined iENM and boscalid were greater than in cells exposed to either iENM or boscalid alone. More importantly, translocation of boscalid across the tri-culture cellular layer was increased by 20% and 30% in the presence of TiO2 and SiO2, respectively. One possible mechanism for this increase is diminished epithelial cell health, as indicated by the elevated oxidative stress and cytotoxicity observed in co-exposed cells. In addition, analysis of boscalid in digesta supernatants revealed 16% and 30% more boscalid in supernatants from samples containing TiO2 and SiO2, respectively, suggesting that displacement of boscalid from flocculated digestive proteins by iENMs may also contribute to the increased translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Cao
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Glen M. DeLoid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dimitrios Bitounis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, USA
| | - Jason C. White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, USA
| | - Zhenyuan Zhang
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chin Guan Ho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141
| | - Brian D. Eitzer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
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Servin AD, Castillo-Michel H, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, De Nolf W, De La Torre-Roche R, Pagano L, Pignatello J, Uchimiya M, Gardea-Torresdey J, White JC. Bioaccumulation of CeO 2 Nanoparticles by Earthworms in Biochar-Amended Soil: A Synchrotron Microspectroscopy Study. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:6609-6618. [PMID: 29281882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) with biochar and soil components may substantially influence NP availability and toxicity to biota. In the present study, earthworms ( Eisenia fetida) were exposed for 28 days to a residential or agricultural soil amended with 0-2000 mg of CeO2 NP/kg and with biochar (produced by the pyrolysis of pecan shells at 350 and 600 °C) at various application rates [0-5% (w/w)]. After 28 days, earthworms were depurated and analyzed for Ce content, moisture content, and lipid peroxidation. The results showed minimal toxicity to the worms; however, biochar (350 or 600 °C) was the dominant factor, accounting for 94 and 84% of the variance for the moisture content and lipid peroxidation, respectively, in the exposed earthworms. For both soils with 1000 mg of CeO2/kg at 600 °C, biochar significantly decreased the accumulation of Ce in the worm tissues. Amendment with 350 °C biochar had mixed responses on Ce uptake. Analysis by micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (μ-XANES) was used to evaluate Ce localization, speciation, and persistence in CeO2- and biochar-exposed earthworms after depuration for 12, 48, and 72 h. Earthworms from the 500 mg of CeO2/kg and 0% biochar treatments eliminated most Ce after a 48 h depuration period. However, in the same treatment and with 5% BC-600 (biochar pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C), ingested biochar fragments (∼50 μm) with Ce adsorbed to the surfaces were retained in the gut after 72 h. Additionally, Ce remained in earthworms from the 2000 mg of CeO2/kg and 5% biochar treatments after depuration for 48 h. Analysis by μ-XANES showed that, within the earthworm tissues, Ce remained predominantly as Ce4+O2, with only few regions (2-3 μm2) where it was found in the reduced form (Ce3+). The present findings highlight that soil and biochar properties have a significant influence in the internalization of CeO2 NPs in earthworms; such interactions need to be considered when estimating NP fate and effects in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiram Castillo-Michel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) , BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Jose A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UCCEIN) , The University of Texas at El Paso , El Paso , Texas 79968 , United States
| | - Wout De Nolf
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) , BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | | | - Luca Pagano
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
- Department of Life Sciences , University of Parma , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | | | - Minori Uchimiya
- Agricultural Research Service (ARS) , United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) , New Orleans , Louisiana 70124 , United States
| | - Jorge Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UCCEIN) , The University of Texas at El Paso , El Paso , Texas 79968 , United States
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Elmer W, De La Torre-Roche R, Pagano L, Majumdar S, Zuverza-Mena N, Dimkpa C, Gardea-Torresdey J, White JC. Effect of Metalloid and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon. Plant Dis 2018; 102:1394-1401. [PMID: 30673561 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-17-1621-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the use of foliar sprays with nanoparticles (NP) of B, CuO, MnO, SiO, TiO, and ZnO to protect watermelon against Fusarium wilt. Leaves of young watermelon plants were sprayed (1 to 2 ml per plant) with NP suspensions (500 to 1,000 µg/ml) and were planted in potting mix infested with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. In five of eight greenhouse experiments, CuO NP suppressed disease and, in six of eight experiments, CuO NP increased biomass or yield more than in untreated controls or other tested NP. More root Cu was detected in CuO NP-treated plants than other treatments (P = 0.015). In Griswold, CT, plants treated with CuO NP yielded 39% more fruit than untreated controls. In Hamden, CT, treatment with CuO NP produced 53% more fruit when compared with controls (P = 0.02) and was superior to other Cu fungicides. Gene expression in watermelon roots revealed strong upregulation of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and PR1 genes when CuO NP and F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum were both present. Enzymatic assays for PPO supported the gene expression results. CuO NP may serve as a highly effective delivery agent for this micronutrient to suppress disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade Elmer
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven
| | | | - Luca Pagano
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Sanghamitra Majumdar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station
| | - Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station
| | - Christian Dimkpa
- International Fertilizer Development Center, Muscle Shoals, AL, 35662
| | | | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station
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9
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DeLoid GM, Wang Y, Kapronezai K, Lorente LR, Zhang R, Pyrgiotakis G, Konduru NV, Ericsson M, White JC, De La Torre-Roche R, Xiao H, McClements DJ, Demokritou P. An integrated methodology for assessing the impact of food matrix and gastrointestinal effects on the biokinetics and cellular toxicity of ingested engineered nanomaterials. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:40. [PMID: 29029643 PMCID: PMC5640936 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are increasingly added to foods to improve their quality, sensory appeal, safety and shelf-life. Human exposure to these ingested ENMs (iENMS) is inevitable, yet little is known of their hazards. To assess potential hazards, efficient in vitro methodologies are needed to evaluate particle biokinetics and toxicity. These methodologies must account for interactions and transformations of iENMs in foods (food matrix effect) and in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that are likely to determine nano-biointeractions. Here we report the development and application of an integrated methodology consisting of three interconnected stages: 1) assessment of iENM-food interactions (food matrix effect) using model foods; 2) assessment of gastrointestinal transformations of the nano-enabled model foods using a three-stage GIT simulator; 3) assessment of iENMs biokinetics and cellular toxicity after exposure to simulated GIT conditions using a triculture cell model. As a case study, a model food (corn oil-in-water emulsion) was infused with Fe2O3 (Iron(III) oxide or ferric oxide) ENMs and processed using this three-stage integrated platform to study the impact of food matrix and GIT effects on nanoparticle biokinetics and cytotoxicity . METHODS A corn oil in phosphate buffer emulsion was prepared using a high speed blender and high pressure homogenizer. Iron oxide ENM was dispersed in water by sonication and combined with the food model. The resulting nano-enabled food was passed through a three stage (mouth, stomach and small intestine) GIT simulator. Size distributions of nano-enabled food model and digestae at each stage were analyzed by DLS and laser diffraction. TEM and confocal imaging were used to assess morphology of digestae at each phase. Dissolution of Fe2O3 ENM along the GIT was assessed by ICP-MS analysis of supernatants and pellets following centrifugation of digestae. An in vitro transwell triculture epithelial model was used to assess biokinetics and toxicity of ingested Fe2O3 ENM. Translocation of Fe2O3 ENM was determined by ICP-MS analysis of cell lysates and basolateral compartment fluid over time. RESULTS It was demonstrated that the interactions of iENMs with food and GIT components influenced nanoparticle fate and transport, biokinetics and toxicological profile. Large differences in particle size, charge, and morphology were observed in the model food with and without Fe2O3 and among digestae from different stages of the simulated GIT (mouth, stomach, and small intestine). Immunoflorescence and TEM imaging of the cell culture model revealed markers and morphology of small intestinal epithelium including enterocytes, goblet cells and M cells. Fe2O3 was not toxic at concentrations tested in the digesta. In biokinetics studies, translocation of Fe2O3 after 4 h was <1% and ~2% for digesta with and without serum, respectively, suggesting that use of serum proteins alters iENMs biokinetics and raises concerns about commonly-used approaches that neglect iENM - food-GIT interactions or dilute digestae in serum-containing media. CONCLUSIONS We present a simple integrated methodology for studying the biokinetics and toxicology of iENMs, which takes into consideration nanoparticle-food-GIT interactions. The importance of food matrix and GIT effects on biointeractions was demonstrated, as well as the incorporation of these critical factors into a cellular toxicity screening model. Standardized food models still need to be developed and used to assess the effect of the food matrix effects on the fate and bioactivity of iENMs since commercial foods vary considerably in their compositions and structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen M. DeLoid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Yanli Wang
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Klara Kapronezai
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Laura Rubio Lorente
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Roujie Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Nagarjun V. Konduru
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Maria Ericsson
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Jason C. White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504 USA
| | - Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504 USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - David Julian McClements
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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Pagano L, Servin AD, De La Torre-Roche R, Mukherjee A, Majumdar S, Hawthorne J, Marmiroli M, Maestri E, Marra RE, Isch SM, Dhankher OP, White JC, Marmiroli N. Molecular Response of Crop Plants to Engineered Nanomaterials. Environ Sci Technol 2016; 50:7198-7207. [PMID: 27301997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Functional toxicology has enabled the identification of genes involved in conferring tolerance and sensitivity to engineered nanomaterial (ENM) exposure in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Several genes were found to be involved in metabolic functions, stress response, transport, protein synthesis, and DNA repair. Consequently, analysis of physiological parameters, metal content (through ICP-MS quantification), and gene expression (by RT-qPCR) of A. thaliana orthologue genes were performed across different plant species of agronomic interest to highlight putative biomarkers of exposure and effect related to ENMs. This approach led to the identification of molecular markers in Solanum lycopersicum L. and Cucurbita pepo L. (tomato and zucchini) that might not only indicate exposure to ENMs (CuO, CeO2, and La2O3) but also provide mechanistic insight into response to these materials. Through Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, the target genes were mapped in complex interatomic networks representing molecular pathways, cellular components, and biological processes involved in ENM response. The transcriptional response of 38 (out of 204) candidate genes studied varied according to particle type, size, and plant species. Importantly, some of the genes studied showed potential as biomarkers of ENM exposure and effect and may be useful for risk assessment in foods and in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pagano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma , Parma 43124, Italy
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Alia D Servin
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | | | - Arnab Mukherjee
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Sanghamitra Majumdar
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Joseph Hawthorne
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Marta Marmiroli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma , Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Elena Maestri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma , Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Robert E Marra
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Susan M Isch
- Dr. Katherine A. Kelley State Public Health Laboratory , Rocky Hill, Connecticut 06067, United States
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma , Parma 43124, Italy
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Hamdi H, De La Torre-Roche R, Hawthorne J, White JC. Impact of non-functionalized and amino-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes on pesticide uptake by lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Nanotoxicology 2015; 9:172-80. [PMID: 24716640 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.907456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of non-functionalized and amino-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube (CNT) exposure, as well as the impact of CNT presence on coexistent pesticide accumulation, was investigated in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Lettuce seeds were sown directly into CNT-amended vermiculite (1000 mg L(-1)) to monitor phytotoxicity during germination and growth. During growth, lettuce seedlings were subsequently exposed to chlordane (cis-chlordane [CS], trans-chlordane [TC] and trans-nonachlor [TN]) and p,p'-DDE (all at 100 ng/L) in the irrigation solution for a 19-d growth period. CNT exposure did not significantly influence seed germination (82-96%) or plant growth. Similarly, pesticide exposure had no impact on plant growth, total pigment production or tissue lipid peroxidation. After 19 d, the root content of total chlordane and p,p'-DDE was 390 and 73.8 µg g(-1), respectively; in plants not exposed to CNTs, the shoot levels were 1.58 and 0.40 µg g(-1), respectively. The presence and type of CNT significantly influenced pesticide availability to lettuce seedlings. Non-functionalized CNT decreased the root and shoot pesticide content by 88% and 78%, respectively, but amino-functionalized CNT effects were significantly more modest, with decreases of 57% in the roots and 23% in the shoots, respectively. The presence of humic acid completely reversed the reduced accumulation of pesticides induced by amino-functionalized CNT, likely due to strong competition over adsorption sites on the nanomaterial (NM). These findings have implications for food safety and for the use of engineered NMs in agriculture, especially with leafy vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmi Hamdi
- Water Research and Technology Center, University of Carthage , Soliman , Tunisia and
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De La Torre-Roche R, Hawthorne J, Musante C, Xing B, Newman LA, Ma X, White JC. Impact of Ag nanoparticle exposure on p,p'-DDE bioaccumulation by Cucurbita pepo (zucchini) and Glycine max (soybean). Environ Sci Technol 2013; 47:718-25. [PMID: 23252415 DOI: 10.1021/es3041829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of nanoparticle (NP), bulk, or ionic Ag exposure on dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE; DDT metabolite) accumulation by Glycine max L. (soybean) and Cucurbita pepo L. (zucchini) was investigated. The plants were grown in 125-mL jars of vermiculite amended with 500 or 2000 mg/L of bulk or NP Ag; ion controls at 5 and 20 mg/L were established. During 19 d of growth, plants were amended with solution containing 100 ng/mL of p,p'-DDE. Total shoot p,p'-DDE levels in non-Ag exposed G. max and C. pepo were 500 and 970 ng, respectively; total root DDE content was 13,700 and 20,300 ng, respectively. Ag decreased the p,p'-DDE content of G. max tissues by up to 40%, with NP exposure resulting in less contaminant uptake than bulk Ag. Total Ag content of exposed G. max ranged from 50.5 to 373 μg; NP-exposed plants had 1.9-2.2 times greater overall Ag than corresponding bulk particle treatments and also significantly greater relative Ag transport to shoot tissues. Bulk and NP Ag at 500 mg/L suppressed DDE uptake by C. pepo by 21-29%, although Ag exposure at 2000 mg/L had no impact on contaminant uptake. Similar to G. max , C. pepo whole plant Ag content ranged from 50.5 to 182 μg, with tissue element content generally being greater for NP exposed plants. These findings show that the Ag may significantly alter the accumulation and translocation of cocontaminants in agricultural systems. Notably, the cocontaminant interactions vary both with Ag particle size (NP vs bulk) and plant species. Future investigations will be needed to clarify the mechanisms responsible for the cocontaminant interactions and assess the impact on overall exposure and risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, USA
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De La Torre-Roche R, Hawthorne J, Deng Y, Xing B, Cai W, Newman LA, Wang Q, Ma X, Hamdi H, White JC. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes and c60 fullerenes differentially impact the accumulation of weathered pesticides in four agricultural plants. Environ Sci Technol 2013; 47:12539-47. [PMID: 24079803 DOI: 10.1021/es4034809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) or C60 fullerenes on the uptake of weathered chlordane or DDx (DDT + metabolites) by Cucurbita pepo (zucchini), Zea mays (corn), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), and Glycine max (soybean) was investigated. The plants were grown in 50 g of soil with weathered chlordane (2150 ng/g) and DDx (118 ng/g) that was amended with 0, 500, 1000, or 5000 mg/kg MWCNT or C60. After 28 d, the root and shoot content of chlordane components and DDx was determined by GC-MS. Zucchini and tomato growth were unaffected by carbon nanomaterial coexposure, although C60 at 500 mg/kg reduced corn and soybean biomass by 36.5-45.0%. Total chlordane content ranged from 1490 (tomato) to 4780 (zucchini) ng; DDx amounts ranged from 77.8 (corn) to 395 ng (zucchini). MWCNT coexposure decreased chlordane and DDx accumulation 21-80% across all crops, depending on species and nanotube concentration. Conversely, C60 had species- and contaminant-specific effects on pesticide uptake, ranging from complete suppression of DDx uptake (corn/tomato) to 34.9% increases in chlordane accumulation (tomato/soybean). The data show that pesticide accumulation varies greatly with crop species and carbon nanomaterial type/concentration. These findings have implications for food safety and for the use of engineered nanomaterials in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
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De La Torre-Roche R, Hawthorne J, Deng Y, Xing B, Cai W, Newman LA, Wang C, Ma X, White JC. Fullerene-enhanced accumulation of p,p'-DDE in agricultural crop species. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:9315-23. [PMID: 22856886 DOI: 10.1021/es301982w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The effect of C(60) fullerene exposure on the accumulation of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE; DDT metabolite) by Cucurbita pepo L. (zucchini), Glycine max L. (soybean), and Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomato) was determined. The plants were grown in 125 mL jars of vermiculite amended with 0 or 40 mg of C(60) fullerenes. Prior to planting, the jars were amended with 40 mL solution containing 100 ng/mL of p,p'-DDE with 0 or 100 mg/L humic acid. During three weeks of growth, plants were watered with the same p,p'-DDE containing solutions. Total shoot p,p'-DDE levels in nonfullerene exposed tomato, soybean, and zucchini were 26.9, 131, and 675 ng, respectively; total root DDE content for the three plants was 402, 5970, and 5830 ng, respectively. Fullerenes increased the shoot p,p'-DDE content of zucchini by 29%; contaminant levels in soybean shoots were decreased by 48% but tomato shoot content was unaffected. The root and total plant p,p'-DDE content of all three species was significantly increased by fullerene exposure; enhanced contaminant uptake ranged from 30 to 65%. Humic acid, regardless of fullerene presence or plant type, significantly decreased the p,p'-DDE uptake. Fullerenes were detected in the roots of all plants but were not detected in plant shoots in the initial study. In a follow up study with zucchini designed to maximize biomass for extraction, over half the analyzed stems contained fullerenes at 60.5 to 4490 ng/g. These findings show that the carbon-based nanomaterials may significantly alter the accumulation and potentially the toxicity of cocontaminants in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
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