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Lim JL, Lin CJ, Huang CC, Chang LC. Curcumin-derived carbon quantum dots: Dual actions in mitigating tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloid beta aggregation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113676. [PMID: 38056413 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid cascade and tau hypotheses both hold significant implications for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Curcumin shows potential by inhibiting the aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and reducing tau hyperphosphorylation, however, its use is limited due to issues with solubility and bioavailability. Carbon dots, recognized for their high biocompatibility and optimal water solubility, have demonstrated the capability to inhibit either Aβ or tau aggregation. Nonetheless, their effects on tau hyperphosphorylation are yet to be extensively explored. This study aims to evaluate the water-soluble curcumin-derived carbon quantum dots (Cur-CQDs) synthesized via an eco-friendly method, designed to preserve the beneficial effects of curcumin while overcoming solubility challenges. The synthesis of Cur-CQDs involves a single-step dry heating process using curcumin, resulting in dots that exhibit negligible cytotoxicity to SH-SY5Y cells at the examined concentrations. Notably, Cur-CQDs have shown the ability to simultaneously mitigate Aβ aggregation and tau hyperphosphorylation. Therefore, it is suggested that Cur-CQDs may hold potential for AD treatment, a hypothesis deserving of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lay Lim
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, 33 Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100025, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Jung Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan, 2 Beining Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Keelung City 202301, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan, 2 Beining Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Keelung City 202301, Taiwan.
| | - Lin-Chau Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, 33 Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100025, Taiwan.
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2
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Khalil A, Barras A, Boukherroub R, Tseng CL, Devos D, Burnouf T, Neuhaus W, Szunerits S. Enhancing paracellular and transcellular permeability using nanotechnological approaches for the treatment of brain and retinal diseases. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 9:14-43. [PMID: 37853828 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00306j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Paracellular permeability across epithelial and endothelial cells is, in large part, regulated by apical intercellular junctions also referred to as tight junctions (TJs). These junctions contribute to the spatial definition of different tissue compartments within organisms, separating them from the outside world as well as from inner compartments, with their primary physiological role of maintaining tissue homeostasis. TJs restrict the free, passive diffusion of ions and hydrophilic small molecules through paracellular clefts and are important for appropriate cell polarization and transporter protein localisation, supporting the controlled transcellular diffusion of smaller and larger hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic substances. This traditional diffusion barrier concept of TJs has been challenged lately, owing to a better understanding of the components that are associated with TJs. It is now well-established that mutations in TJ proteins are associated with a range of human diseases and that a change in the membrane fluidity of neighbouring cells can open possibilities for therapeutics to cross intercellular junctions. Nanotechnological approaches, exploiting ultrasound or hyperosmotic agents and permeation enhancers, are the paradigm for achieving enhanced paracellular diffusion. The other widely used transport route of drugs is via transcellular transport, allowing the passage of a variety of pro-drugs and nanoparticle-encapsulated drugs via different mechanisms based on receptors and others. For a long time, there was an expectation that lipidic nanocarriers and polymeric nanostructures could revolutionize the field for the delivery of RNA and protein-based therapeutics across different biological barriers equipped with TJs (e.g., blood-brain barrier (BBB), retina-blood barrier (RBB), corneal TJs, etc.). However, only a limited increase in therapeutic efficiency has been reported for most systems until now. The purpose of this review is to explore the reasons behind the current failures and to examine the emergence of synthetic and cell-derived nanomaterials and nanotechnological approaches as potential game-changers in enhancing drug delivery to target locations both at and across TJs using innovative concepts. Specifically, we will focus on recent advancements in various nanotechnological strategies enabling the bypassing or temporally opening of TJs to the brain and to the retina, and discuss their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Khalil
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Ching-Li Tseng
- Taipei Medical University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering (GIBMTE), New Taipei City 235603, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering (IPBME), New Taipei City 235603, Taiwan
| | - David Devos
- University Lille, CHU-Lille, Inserm, U1172, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LICEND, Lille, France
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- Taipei Medical University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering (GIBMTE), New Taipei City 235603, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering (IPBME), New Taipei City 235603, Taiwan
| | - Winfried Neuhaus
- AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Life Sciences and Technology (LiST), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
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3
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Panada J, Klopava V, Kulahava T, Koran S, Faletrov Y, Frolova N, Fomina E, Shkumatov V. Differential induction of C6 glioma apoptosis and autophagy by 3β-hydroxysteroid-indolamine conjugates. Steroids 2023; 200:109326. [PMID: 37827441 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
In a previous work, we reported the synthesis of four novel indole steroids and their effect on rat C6 glioma proliferation in vitro. The steroid derived from dehydroepiandrosterone and tryptamine (IS-1) was the most active (52 % inhibition at 10 µM), followed by one of the epimers derived from pregnenolone and tryptamine (IS-3, 36 % inhibition at 10 µM). By contrast, the steroid derived from estrone and tryptamine (IS-2) showed negligible activity at 10 µM. No necrosis, increase in intracellular calcium or ROS levels was observed. In this work, the effect of compounds on C6 glioma apoptosis and autophagy is examined by fluorimetry and fluorescent microscopy. The IS-3 epimers disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential and induce apoptosis in vitro moderately whereas IS-1 and IS-2 do not. However, IS-1 produces a large increase in monodansylcadaverine-positive autophagic vesicles over 24 h. The antiproliferative effect of indole steroids is ameliorated by autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine, suggesting an autophagy-dependent mechanism of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Panada
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220006, 14 Lieninhradskaja str., Minsk, Belarus
| | - Valeriya Klopava
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220006, 14 Lieninhradskaja str., Minsk, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana Kulahava
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220006, 11 Babrujskaja str., Minsk, Belarus
| | - Siarhei Koran
- Republican Research and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 220114, 23 Filimonava str., Minsk, Belarus
| | - Yaroslav Faletrov
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220006, 14 Lieninhradskaja str., Minsk, Belarus; Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, 220050, 4 Independence ave., Minsk, Belarus
| | - Nina Frolova
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220006, 14 Lieninhradskaja str., Minsk, Belarus
| | - Elena Fomina
- Republican Research and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 220114, 23 Filimonava str., Minsk, Belarus
| | - Vladimir Shkumatov
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220006, 14 Lieninhradskaja str., Minsk, Belarus; Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, 220050, 4 Independence ave., Minsk, Belarus.
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4
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Abstract
Primary brain cancer or brain cancer is the overgrowth of abnormal or malignant cells in the brain or its nearby tissues that form unwanted masses called brain tumors. People with malignant brain tumors suffer a lot, and the expected life span of the patients after diagnosis is often only around 14 months, even with the most vigorous therapies. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the main barrier in the body that restricts the entry of potential chemotherapeutic agents into the brain. The chances of treatment failure or low therapeutic effects are some significant drawbacks of conventional treatment methods. However, recent advancements in nanotechnology have generated hope in cancer treatment. Nanotechnology has shown a vital role starting from the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. These tiny nanomaterials have great potential to deliver drugs across the BBB. Beyond just drug delivery, nanomaterials can be simulated to generate fluorescence to detect tumors. The current Review discusses in detail the challenges of brain cancer treatment and the application of nanotechnology to overcome those challenges. The success of chemotherapeutic treatment or the surgical removal of tumors requires proper imaging. Nanomaterials can provide imaging and therapeutic benefits for cancer. The application of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of brain cancer is discussed in detail by reviewing past studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Ale
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Nidhi Nainwal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
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5
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Lin X, Zhang H, Liu W, Dong X, Sun Y. Methylene Blue-Doped Carbonized Polymer Dots: A Potent Photooxygenation Scavenger Targeting Alzheimer's β-Amyloid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:44062-44074. [PMID: 37682558 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal aggregation of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) is one of the main pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and thus development of potent scavengers targeting Aβ is considered an effective strategy for AD treatment. Herein, photosensitizer-doped carbonized polymer dots (PS-CPDs) were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method using photosensitizer (PS) and o-phenylenediamine (oPD) as precursors, and furtherly applied to inhibit Aβ aggregation via photooxygenation. The inhibition efficiency of such PS-CPDs can be adjusted by varying the type of photosensitizer, and among them, methylene blue-doped carbonized polymer dots (MB-CPDs) showed the strongest photooxygenation inhibition capability. The results demonstrated that under 650 nm NIR light irradiation, MB-CPDs (2 μg/mL) produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) to efficiently inhibit Aβ fibrillization and disaggregate mature Aβ fibrils and increased the cultured cell viability from 50% to 83%. In vivo studies confirmed that MB-CPDs extended the lifespan of AD nematodes by 4 days. Notably, the inhibitory capability of MB-CPDs is much stronger than that of MB and previously reported carbonized polymer dots. This work indicated that potent photooxygenation carbon dots can be obtained by using a photosensitizer as one of the precursors, and the results have provided new insights into the design of potent photooxygenation carbon nanomaterials targeting Aβ in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoding Lin
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
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6
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Kaurav H, Verma D, Bansal A, Kapoor DN, Sheth S. Progress in drug delivery and diagnostic applications of carbon dots: a systematic review. Front Chem 2023; 11:1227843. [PMID: 37521012 PMCID: PMC10375716 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1227843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), which have particle size of less than 10 nm, are carbon-based nanomaterials that are used in a wide range of applications in the area of novel drug delivery in cancer, ocular diseases, infectious diseases, and brain disorders. CDs are biocompatible, eco-friendly, easy to synthesize, and less toxic with excellent chemical inertness, which makes them very good nanocarrier system to deliver multi-functional drugs effectively. A huge number of researchers worldwide are working on CDs-based drug delivery systems to evaluate their versatility and efficacy in the field of pharmaceuticals. As a result, there is a tremendous increase in our understanding of the physicochemical properties, diagnostic and drug delivery aspects of CDs, which consequently has led us to design and develop CDs-based theranostic system for the treatment of multiple disorders. In this review, we aim to summarize the advances in application of CDs as nanocarrier including gene delivery, vaccine delivery and antiviral delivery, that has been carried out in the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemlata Kaurav
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dhriti Verma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Bansal
- Formulation Research and Development, Perrigo Company Plc, Allegan, MI, United States
| | - Deepak N. Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Sheth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, United States
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7
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Nguyen TT, Nguyen-Thi PT, Nguyen THA, Ho TT, Tran NMA, Van Vo T, Van Vo G. Recent Advancements in Nanomaterials: A Promising Way to Manage Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:457-473. [PMID: 37217723 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-023-00654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are some of the most prevalent disorders currently afflicting healthcare systems. Many of these diseases share similar pathological hallmarks, including elevated oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein misfolding, excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation, all of which contribute to the deterioration of the nervous system's structure and function. The development of diagnostic and therapeutic materials in the monitoring and treatment of these diseases remains challenging. One of the biggest challenges facing therapeutic and diagnostic materials is the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a multifunctional membrane possessing a plethora of biochemical, cellular, and immunological features that ensure brain homeostasis by preventing the entry and accumulation of unwanted compounds. With regards to neurodegenerative diseases, the recent application of tailored nanomaterials (nanocarriers and nanoparticles) has led to advances in diagnostics and therapeutics. In this review, we provide an overview of commonly used nanoparticles and their applications in NDs, which may offer new therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Trang Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71420, Vietnam
| | | | - Thi Hong Anh Nguyen
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI), 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Tam Ho
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
| | - Nguyen-Minh-An Tran
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71420, Vietnam
| | - Toi Van Vo
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Department, School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
| | - Giau Van Vo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
- Research Center for Genetics and Reproductive Health (CGRH), School of Medicine, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
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8
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Vallejo FA, Sigdel G, Veliz EA, Leblanc RM, Vanni S, Graham RM. Carbon Dots in Treatment of Pediatric Brain Tumors: Past, Present, and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119562. [PMID: 37298513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric brain tumors remain a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Though developments have been made in treating these malignancies, the blood-brain barrier, intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity, and therapeutic toxicity pose challenges to improving outcomes. Varying types of nanoparticles, including metallic, organic, and micellar molecules of varying structures and compositions, have been investigated as a potential therapy to circumvent some of these inherent challenges. Carbon dots (CDs) have recently gained popularity as a novel nanoparticle with theranostic properties. This carbon-based modality is highly modifiable, allowing for conjugation to drugs, as well as tumor-specific ligands in an effort to more effectively target cancerous cells and reduce peripheral toxicity. CDs are being studied pre-clinically. The ClinicalTrials.gov site was queried using the search terms: brain tumor and nanoparticle, liposome, micelle, dendrimer, quantum dot, or carbon dot. At the time of this review, 36 studies were found, 6 of which included pediatric patients. Two of the six studies investigated nanoparticle drug formulations, whereas the other four studies were on varying liposomal nanoparticle formulations for the treatment of pediatric brain tumors. Here, we reviewed the context of CDs within the broader realm of nanoparticles, their development, promising pre-clinical potential, and proposed future translational utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic A Vallejo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ganesh Sigdel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Eduardo A Veliz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Steven Vanni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- HCA Florida University Hospital, 3476 S University Dr., Davie, FL 33328, USA
- Department of Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Davie, FL 33328, USA
| | - Regina M Graham
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Health System, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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9
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Li C, Huang J, Yuan L, Xie W, Ying Y, Li C, Yu Y, Pan Y, Qu W, Hao H, Algharib SA, Chen D, Xie S. Recent progress of emitting long-wavelength carbon dots and their merits for visualization tracking, target delivery and theranostics. Theranostics 2023; 13:3064-3102. [PMID: 37284447 PMCID: PMC10240821 DOI: 10.7150/thno.80579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As a novel strategy for in vivo visualization tracking and monitoring, carbon dots (CDs) emitting long wavelengths (LW, 600-950 nm) have received tremendous attention due to their deep tissue penetration, low photon scattering, satisfactory contrast resolution and high signal-to-background ratios. Although, the mechanism of CDs emitting LW remains controversial and what properties are best for in vivo visualization have not been specifically elucidated, it is more conducive to the in vivo application of LW-CDs through rational design and ingenious synthesis based on the appreciation of the luminescence mechanism. Therefore, this review analyzes the current tracer technologies applied in vivo and their advantages and disadvantages, with emphasis on the physical mechanism of emitting LW fluorescence for in vivo imaging. Subsequently, the general properties and merits of LW-CDs for tracking and imaging are summarized. More importantly, the factors affecting the synthesis of LW-CDs and its luminescence mechanism are highlighted. Simultaneously, the application of LW-CDs for disease diagnosis, integration of diagnosis and therapy are summarized. Finally, the bottlenecks and possible future directions of LW-CDs in visualization tracking and imaging in vivo are detailly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jiamin Huang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Liwen Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Wenqing Xie
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yupeng Ying
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chengzhe Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yahang Yu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yuanhu Pan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Wei Qu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Haihong Hao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Samah Attia Algharib
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, QG, Egypt
| | - Dongmei Chen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Shuyu Xie
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention & Control for African Swine Fever and Other Major Pig Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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10
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Duan L, Li X, Ji R, Hao Z, Kong M, Wen X, Guan F, Ma S. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems: An Inspiring Therapeutic Strategy for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2196. [PMID: 37177342 PMCID: PMC10181407 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are common, incurable neurological disorders with high prevalence, and lead to memory, movement, language, and intelligence impairments, threatening the lives and health of patients worldwide. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), a physiological barrier between the central nervous system and peripheral blood circulation, plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the intracerebral environment by strictly regulating the transport of substances between the blood and brain. Therefore, it is difficult for therapeutic drugs to penetrate the BBB and reach the brain, and this affects their efficacy. Nanoparticles (NPs) can be used as drug transport carriers and are also known as nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems (NDDSs). These systems not only increase the stability of drugs but also facilitate the crossing of drugs through the BBB and improve their efficacy. In this article, we provided an overview of the types and administration routes of NPs, highlighted the preclinical and clinical studies of NDDSs in neurodegenerative diseases, and summarized the combined therapeutic strategies in the management of neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, the prospects and challenges of NDDSs in recent basic and clinical research were also discussed. Above all, NDDSs provide an inspiring therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.D.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (Z.H.)
| | - Xingfan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.D.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (Z.H.)
| | - Rong Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.D.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhizhong Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.D.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (Z.H.)
| | - Mingyue Kong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
| | - Xuejun Wen
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.D.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (Z.H.)
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.D.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (Z.H.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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11
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Kuo YC, De S. Development of carbon dots to manage Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2023.104799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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12
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Zhou Z, Li K, Guo Y, Liu P, Chen Q, Fan H, Sun T, Jiang C. ROS/Electro Dual-Reactive Nanogel for Targeting Epileptic Foci to Remodel Aberrant Circuits and Inflammatory Microenvironment. ACS NANO 2023; 17:7847-7864. [PMID: 37039779 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal treatment against epilepsy is faced with intractable problems, especially epileptogenesis that cannot be blocked by clinical antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during the latency of epilepsy. Abnormal circuits of neurons interact with the inflammatory microenvironment of glial cells in epileptic foci, resulting in recurrent seizures and refractory epilepsy. Herein, we have selected phenytoin (PHT) as a model drug to derive a ROS-responsive and consuming prodrug, which is combined with an electro-responsive group (sulfonate sodium, SS) and an epileptic focus-recognizing group (α-methyl-l-tryptophan, AMT) to form hydrogel nanoparticles (i.e., a nanogel). The nanogel will target epileptic foci, release PHT in response to a high concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the microenvironment, and inhibit overexcited circuits. Meanwhile, with the clearance of ROS, the nanogel can also reduce oxidative stress and alleviate microenvironment inflammation. Thus, a synergistic regulation of epileptic lesions will be achieved. Our nanogel is expected to provide a more comprehensive strategy for antiepileptic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Keying Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Peixin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinjun Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongrui Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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13
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Epigallocatechin gallate-derived carbonized polymer dots: A multifunctional scavenger targeting Alzheimer's β-amyloid plaques. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:524-537. [PMID: 36503076 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The design of high-efficiency scavengers targeting β-amyloid protein (Aβ) plaques in the progress of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been recognized as an effective way to prevent and treat AD. Herein, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-derived carbonized polymer dots (E-CPDs) were synthesized for the first time via a hydrothermal method using EGCG, an Aβ inhibitor, as one of the raw materials. The inhibitory efficiency and fluorescent property of E-CPDs were elegantly modulated by adjusting the molar ratio of EGCG to nitrogen-containing dopant, o-phenylenediamine (oPD), and 75E-CPDs fabricated with 75 mM EGCG and 50 mM oPD showed the highest inhibitory capability. The multifunctionality of 75E-CPDs on inhibition of Aβ fibrillization, Aβ fibrils disaggregation, amyloid fluorescent detection, and intracellular reactive oxygen species scavenging was demonstrated. 75E-CPDs inhibited the formation of β-sheet-rich Aβ aggregates, alleviated Aβ-induced cytotoxicity of cultured cells from 47% to 15%, and prolonged the lifespan of AD nematodes by scavenging in vivo amyloid plaques, demonstrating much higher performance than either EGCG or EGCG-free carbon dots. Notably, 75E-CPDs could rapidly disaggregate Aβ fibrils on "second" scale, faster than any other disaggregating agents. The aromatic structure as well as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups existing on 75E-CPDs surface, which would interact with Aβ species via hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and hydrophobic interactions, played critical roles in their inhibition and disaggregation capabilities. This work reveals that potent CDs can be fabricated by using an Aβ inhibitor as the precursor, providing a new perspective for the design of multifunctional scavengers targeting amyloid plaques. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the top ten causes of death worldwide and seriously threatens human health. Recently, carbon nanomaterials have attracted much attention because of their good biocompatibility and capability in modulating Aβ aggregation via multiple interactions. This work has for the first time fabricated epigallocatechin gallate-derived carbonized polymer dots (E-CPDs) and revealed the multifunctional potency of E-CPDs on alleviating the multifaced symptoms associated with β-amyloid protein (Aβ) fibrillization in the progression of AD. Notably, E-CPDs exhibited enhanced fluorescence emission upon binding to Aβ fibrils, possessing potential as Aβ fluorescent probes. It is believed that this work would open a new horizon in the design of multifunctional carbon nanomaterials as a potent amyloid scavenger for AD theranostics.
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14
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Gyimesi G, Hediger MA. Transporter-Mediated Drug Delivery. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031151. [PMID: 36770817 PMCID: PMC9919865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane transport of small organic and inorganic molecules is one of the cornerstones of cellular metabolism. Among transmembrane transporters, solute carrier (SLC) proteins form the largest, albeit very diverse, superfamily with over 400 members. It was recognized early on that xenobiotics can directly interact with SLCs and that this interaction can fundamentally determine their efficacy, including bioavailability and intertissue distribution. Apart from the well-established prodrug strategy, the chemical ligation of transporter substrates to nanoparticles of various chemical compositions has recently been used as a means to enhance their targeting and absorption. In this review, we summarize efforts in drug design exploiting interactions with specific SLC transporters to optimize their therapeutic effects. Furthermore, we describe current and future challenges as well as new directions for the advanced development of therapeutics that target SLC transporters.
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15
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Ahmad MA, Aung YY, Widati AA, Sakti SCW, Sumarsih S, Irzaman I, Yuliarto B, Chang JY, Fahmi MZ. A Perspective on Using Organic Molecules Composing Carbon Dots for Cancer Treatment. Nanotheranostics 2023; 7:187-201. [PMID: 36793348 PMCID: PMC9925355 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.80076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent Carbon dots (CDs) derived from biologically active sources have shown enhanced activities compared to their precursors. With their prominent potentiality, these small-sized (<10nm) nanomaterials could be easily synthesized from organic sources either by bottom-up or green approach. Their sources could influence the functional groups present on the CDs surfaces. A crude source of organic molecules has been used to develop fluorescent CDs. In addition, pure organic molecules were also valuable in developing practical CDs. Physiologically responsive interaction of CDs with various cellular receptors is possible due to the robust functionalization on their surface. In this review, we studied various literatures from the past ten years that reported the potential application of carbon dots as alternatives in cancer chemotherapy. The selective cytotoxic nature of some of the CDs towards cancer cell lines suggests the role of surface functional groups towards selective interaction, which results in over-expressed proteins characteristic of cancer cell lines. It could be inferred that cheaply sourced CDs could selectively bind to overexpressed proteins in cancer cells with the ultimate effect of cell death induced by apoptosis. In most cases, CDs-induced apoptosis directly or indirectly follows the mitochondrial pathway. Therefore, these nanosized CDs could serve as alternatives to the current kinds of cancer treatments that are expensive and have numerous side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musbahu Adam Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Yu-Yu Aung
- Department of Chemistry Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Alfa Akustia Widati
- Department of Chemistry Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.,Supramodification Nano-micro Engineering (SPANENG) research group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Satya Candra Wibawa Sakti
- Department of Chemistry Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.,Supramodification Nano-micro Engineering (SPANENG) research group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Sri Sumarsih
- Department of Chemistry Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Irzaman Irzaman
- Department of Physics, Bogor Agricultural University of Indonesia, Bogor16680, Indonesia
| | - Brian Yuliarto
- Advanced Functional Materials Laboratory, Department of Engineering Physics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung40132, Indonesia
| | - Jia-Yaw Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mochamad Zakki Fahmi
- Department of Chemistry Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.,Supramodification Nano-micro Engineering (SPANENG) research group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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16
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Almasi F, Mohammadipanah F. Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infections: towards quantum dots based management approaches. J Drug Target 2023; 31:51-64. [PMID: 35921123 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2110252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Developing numerous nanotechnological designed tools to monitor the existence of SARS-CoV-2, and modifying its interactions address the global needs for efficient remedies required for the management of COVID-19. Herein, through a multidisciplinary outlook encompassing different fields such as the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2, analysis of symptoms, and statistics of neurological complications caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in the central and peripheral nervous systems have been testified. The anosmia (51.1%) and ageusia (45.5%) are reported the most frequent neurological manifestation. Cerebrovascular disease and encephalopathy were mainly related to severe clinical cases. In addition, we focus especially on the various concerned physiological routes, including BBB dysfunction, which transpired due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, direct and indirect effects of the virus on the brain, and also, the plausible mechanisms of viral entry to the nerve system. We also outline the characterisation, and the ongoing pharmaceutical applications of quantum dots as smart nanocarriers crossing the blood-brain barrier and their importance in neurological diseases, mainly SARS-CoV-2 related manifestations Moreover, the market status, six clinical trials recruiting quantum dots, and the challenges limiting the clinical application of QDs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Almasi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadipanah
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Zhou Y, Zhang W, Leblanc RM. Structure-Property-Activity Relationships in Carbon Dots. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:10777-10796. [PMID: 36395361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c06856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are one of the most versatile nanomaterials discovered in the 21st century. They possess many properties and thus hold potentials in diverse applications. While an increasing amount of attention has been given to these novel nanoparticles, the broad scientific community is actively engaged in exploring their limits. Recent studies on the fractionalization and assembly of CDs further push the limits beyond just CDs and demonstrate that CDs are both a mixture of heterogeneous fractions and promising building blocks for assembly of large carbon-based materials. With CDs moving forward toward both microscopic and macroscopic levels, a good understanding of the structure-property-activity relationships is essential to forecasting the future of CDs. Hence, in this Perspective, structure-property-activity relationships are highlighted based on the repeatedly verified findings in CDs. In addition, studies on CD fractionalization and assembly are briefly summarized in this Perspective. Eventually, these structure-property-activity relationships and controllability are essential for the development of CDs with desired properties for various applications especially in photochemistry, electrochemistry, nanomedicine, and surface chemistry. In summary, in our opinion, since 2004 until the present, history has witnessed a great development of CDs although there is still some room for more studies. Also, considering many attractive properties, structure-property-activity relationships, and the building block nature of CDs, a variety of carbon-based materials of interest can be constructed from CDs with control. They can help reduce blind trials in the development of carbon-based materials, which is of great significance in materials science, chemistry, and any fields related to the applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States.,C-Dots LLC, Miami, Florida 33136, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
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18
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Guo F, Li Q, Zhang X, Liu Y, Jiang J, Cheng S, Yu S, Zhang X, Liu F, Li Y, Rose G, Zhang H. Applications of Carbon Dots for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6621-6638. [PMID: 36582459 PMCID: PMC9793737 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s388030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently approximately 50 million victims of Alzheimer's disease (AD) worldwide. The exact cause of the disease is unknown at this time, but amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain are hallmarks of the disease. Current drug treatments for AD may slow the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life of patients, but they are often only minimally effective and are not cures. A major obstacle to developing and delivering more effective drug therapies is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents many compounds with therapeutic potential from reaching the central nervous system. Nanotechnology may provide a solution to this problem. Among the medical nanomaterials currently being studied, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted widespread attention because of their ability to cross the BBB, non-toxicity, and potential for drug/gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingman Li
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Child Cognition & Behavior Development of Hainan Province, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, 571127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiheng Liu
- Haikou Hospital Affiliated to Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, 570208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Scientific Experiment Center of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuanghuai Cheng
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si Yu
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingfang Zhang
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China,The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 570102, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Laboratory Department, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian, 353006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiying Li
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gregory Rose
- Departments of Anatomy and Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA,Correspondence: Gregory Rose, Departments of Anatomy and Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA, Tel +1 618-303-6503, Email
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China,Haiying Zhang, Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13907533247, Email
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19
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Zhang X, Yu Q, Zhou P, Yang S, Xia J, Deng T, Yu C. Blood-brain barrier penetrating carbon dots with intrinsic anti-inflammatory and drug-loading properties. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:212995. [PMID: 35882144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the major obstacle limiting the reach of therapeutic drugs into the brain. Herein, an aspirin-based anti-inflammatory replenisher (aspCD) was fabricated by carbonizing aspirin to deliver drugs into the brain visually. The as-prepared aspCD combined the BBB-penetrating and anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin with the fluorescent and drug-loading properties of carbon dots (CDs), thereby delivering therapeutic drugs into the brain and acting as imaging agent as well as anti-inflammatory replenisher. In vivo experiments of mice and zebrafish revealed that fluorescence aspCD could effectively penetrate BBB. In vitro and in vivo inflammatory models demonstrated that aspCD could be regarded as an excellent anti-inflammatory replenisher. In addition, as a functional carrier, aspCD was proved to be capable of loading drugs with different polarity. In summary, carbonization of active precursors (therapeutic drugs) into CDs could be a promising strategy to achieve the loading and visualization of drugs as well as the retainment of their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ping Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Shiyu Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jiashan Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Tao Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Chao Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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20
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Chalcones as Anti-Glioblastoma Stem Cell Agent Alone or as Nanoparticle Formulation Using Carbon Dots as Nanocarrier. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071465. [PMID: 35890360 PMCID: PMC9316063 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current prognosis for glioblastoma is dismal. Treatment-resistant glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) and the failure of most drugs to reach therapeutic levels within the tumor remain formidable obstacles to successful treatment. Chalcones are aromatic ketones demonstrated to reduce malignant properties in cancers including glioblastoma. Nanomedicines can increase drug accumulation and tumor cell death. Carbon-dots are promising nanocarriers that can be easily functionalized with tumor-targeting ligands and anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, we synthesized a series of 4′-amino chalcones with the rationale that the amino group would serve as a “handle” to facilitate covalent attachment to carbon-dots and tested their cytotoxicity toward GSCs. We generated 31 chalcones (22 4′-amino and 9 4′ derivatives) including 5 novel chalcones, and found that 13 had an IC50 below 10 µM in all GSC lines. After confirming that the 4-amino group was not part of the active pharmacophore, chalcones were attached to transferrin-conjugated carbon-dots. These conjugates were significantly more cytotoxic than the free chalcones, with the C-dot-transferrin-2,5, dimethoxy chalcone conjugate inducing up to 100-fold more GSC death. Several of the tested chalcones represent promising lead compounds for the development of novel anti-GSC drugs. Furthermore, designing amino chalcones for carbon-dot mediated drug delivery is a rational and effective methodology.
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21
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Jacinth Gracia KD, Thavamani SS, Amaladhas TP, Devanesan S, Ahmed M, Kannan MM. Valorisation of bio-derived fluorescent carbon dots for metal sensing, DNA binding and bioimaging. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134128. [PMID: 35276110 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots are quasi-spherical and zero dimensional nanomaterials with unique optical and electronic properties. In this work, a facile and sustainable strategy was employed to synthesise nitrogen doped carbon dots from Terminalia chebula via hydrothermal treatment with a quantum yield of 19.9%. The structural and optical properties of nitrogen doped carbon dots (N-CDs) were studied by UV-Visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The surface functional groups, average particle size and elemental analysis were assessed with the help of Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis respectively. The N-CDs exhibited excitation dependent emission upon irradiation with UV light, pH stability over neutral range and excellent photostability. The average particle size of the synthesised N-CDs was found to be 3.56 nm. The fluorescence intensity of the N-CDs quenched linearly with increase in concentration of Fe3+ ions. The limit of detection (LOD) of N-CDs with Fe3+ ions was calculated to be 4.5 nM using Stern-Volmer plot. The fluorescence was restored by addition of EDTA to Fe3+ coordinated N-CD system. Further, the synthesised N-CDs interacted with ct-DNA through intercalative mode and the binding constant calculated using the Benesi Hildebrand plot was 1.78 × 108 mg/mL. The cytotoxicity of N-CDs was evaluated using MTT assay. The excellent biocompatible and less toxic nature of N-CDs was extrapolated to serve as fluorescent probes for imaging E.coli and SKMEL cells. From the results of this work, it is evident that the synthesised N-CDs can be used to develop efficient fluorescent metal sensors. The fluorescent property of N-CDs enables it to find extension as a potential curative drug, an efficient patterning agent and an effective biomarker to image biological cells causing no damage to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirubaharan Daphne Jacinth Gracia
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, V.O. Chidambaram College (Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli), Tuticorin, 628008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Seth Sheeba Thavamani
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, V.O. Chidambaram College (Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli), Tuticorin, 628008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Thomas Peter Amaladhas
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, V.O. Chidambaram College (Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli), Tuticorin, 628008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtar Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maruthamuthu Murali Kannan
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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22
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Zhou Y, Kandel N, Bartoli M, Serafim LF, ElMetwally AE, Falkenberg SM, Paredes XE, Nelson CJ, Smith N, Padovano E, Zhang W, Mintz KJ, Ferreira BC, Cilingir EK, Chen J, Shah SK, Prabhakar R, Tagliaferro A, Wang C, Leblanc RM. Structure-Activity Relationship of Carbon Nitride Dots in Inhibiting Tau Aggregation. CARBON 2022; 193:1-16. [PMID: 35463198 PMCID: PMC9030089 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the numerous failed clinical trials of anti-amyloid drugs, microtubule associated protein tau (MAPT) now stands out as one of the most promising targets for AD therapy. In this study, we report for the first time the structure-dependent MAPT aggregation inhibition of carbon nitride dots (CNDs). CNDs have exhibited great promise as a potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by inhibiting the aggregation of MAPT. In order to elucidate its structure-activity relationship, CNDs were separated via column chromatography and five fractions with different structures were obtained that were characterized by multiple spectroscopy methods. The increase of surface hydrophilic functional groups is consistent with the increase of polarity from fraction 1 to 5. Particle sizes (1-2 nm) and zeta potentials (~-20 mV) are similar among five fractions. With the increase of polarity from fraction 1 to 5, their MAPT aggregation inhibition capacity was weakened. This suggests hydrophobic interactions between CNDs and MAPT, validated via molecular dynamics simulations. With a zebrafish blood-brain barrier (BBB) model, CNDs were observed to cross the BBB through passive diffusion. CNDs were also found to inhibit the generation of multiple reactive oxygen species, which is an important contributor to AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
- C-Dots, LLC, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Nabin Kandel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY 12180, USA
| | - Mattia Bartoli
- Center for Sustainable Future, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Livorno 60, Turin 10144, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Xavier E. Paredes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | | | - Nathan Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY 12180, USA
| | - Elisa Padovano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Keenan J. Mintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | | | - Jiuyan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Sujit K. Shah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Biratnagar 56613, Nepal
| | - Rajeev Prabhakar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | | | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY 12180, USA
| | - Roger M. Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
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23
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Sharma M, Tiwari V, Chaturvedi S, Wahajuddin M, Shukla S, Panda JJ. Self-Fluorescent Lone Tryptophan Nanoparticles as Theranostic Agents Against Alzheimer's Disease. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13079-13093. [PMID: 35263093 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ42) peptide in the neural extracellular space leads to cellular dysfunction, resulting in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The hydrophobic core of the amyloidogenic Aβ42 peptide contains aromatic residues that play an important role in the self-assembly and subsequent aggregation of the peptide. Hence, targeting these hydrophobic core residues by potent low molecular agents can be a promising therapeutic approach toward AD. In the current work, we have developed self-fluorescent solo tryptophan nanoparticles (TNPs) as nanotheranostic systems against AD. We demonstrated that TNPs could significantly inhibit as well as disrupt the fibrils formed by both Aβ42 peptide and another reductionist approach-based amyloid model dipeptide, phenylalanine-phenylalanine (FF). More importantly, these nanostructures were nontoxic to neural cells and could protect the neurons from Aβ42 peptide and FF aggregate-induced cytotoxicity. In addition, efficacy studies performed in animal model further revealed that the TNPs could rescue spatial and learning memory in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin-administration-induced AD phenotype in rats. Moreover, our pharmacokinetics study further established the BBB permeability and brain delivery potency of TNPs. The inherent excellent fluorescent properties of these nanoparticles could be exploited further to use them as imaging modalities for tagging and detecting FF and Aβ42 peptide fibrils. Overall, our results clearly illustrated that the solo TNPs could serve as promising nanotheranostic agents for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Virendra Tiwari
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Swati Chaturvedi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Muhammad Wahajuddin
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Shubha Shukla
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Jiban Jyoti Panda
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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24
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Eshraghi M, Ahmadi M, Afshar S, Lorzadeh S, Adlimoghaddam A, Rezvani Jalal N, West R, Dastghaib S, Igder S, Torshizi SRN, Mahmoodzadeh A, Mokarram P, Madrakian T, Albensi BC, Łos MJ, Ghavami S, Pecic S. Enhancing autophagy in Alzheimer's disease through drug repositioning. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108171. [PMID: 35304223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the biggest human health threats due to increases in aging of the global population. Unfortunately, drugs for treating AD have been largely ineffective. Interestingly, downregulation of macroautophagy (autophagy) plays an essential role in AD pathogenesis. Therefore, targeting autophagy has drawn considerable attention as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of AD. However, developing new therapeutics is time-consuming and requires huge investments. One of the strategies currently under consideration for many diseases is "drug repositioning" or "drug repurposing". In this comprehensive review, we have provided an overview of the impact of autophagy on AD pathophysiology, reviewed the therapeutics that upregulate autophagy and are currently used in the treatment of other diseases, including cancers, and evaluated their repurposing as a possible treatment option for AD. In addition, we discussed the potential of applying nano-drug delivery to neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD, to overcome the challenge of crossing the blood brain barrier and specifically target molecules/pathways of interest with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Eshraghi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Aida Adlimoghaddam
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada
| | | | - Ryan West
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, United States of America
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran
| | - Somayeh Igder
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Amir Mahmoodzadeh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Benedict C Albensi
- St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada; Nova Southeastern Univ. College of Pharmacy, Davie, FL, United States of America; University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Marek J Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Institutes of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Stevan Pecic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, United States of America.
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25
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Ferreira BCLB, Liyanage PY, Leblanc RM. Drug Loading of Anthracycline Antibiotics on Carbon Dots Using Circular Dichroism Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14773-14777. [PMID: 34699191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems using nanoparticles are currently in the panorama of nanomedicine studies. In oncology, chemotherapeutic regimens using anthracycline antibiotics rely on the dosage of treatments to minimize the severity of side effects on the patient. Therefore, even in targeted delivery systems it is of great importance to quantify the level of drug administrated for dosage and quality control of the treatment. Herein, as a feasible pathway to shed light on improving nano drug quantification procedures, we proposed a simple analytical protocol to quantify the anthracyclines loaded on our nonchiral carbon nitride dots (CNDs) with circular dichroism spectrometry (CD). The calibration curves from the linear relation between ellipticity and concentration of the anthracycline drugs followed by measurements on the CNDs conjugates were used in achieving the quantification technique which showed different drug loading for each anthracycline used such as daunorubicin, doxorubicin, and epirubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio C L B Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Piumi Y Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
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26
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Pandey RR, Chusuei CC. Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, and Carbon Dots as Electrochemical Biosensing Composites. Molecules 2021; 26:6674. [PMID: 34771082 PMCID: PMC8587008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have been extensively used as electrochemical sensing composites due to their interesting chemical, electronic, and mechanical properties giving rise to increased performance. Due to these materials' unknown long-term ecological fate, care must be given to make their use tractable. In this review, the design and use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and carbon dots (CDs) as electrochemical sensing electrocatalysts applied to the working electrode surface are surveyed for various biosensing applications. Graphene and CDs are readily biodegradable as compared to CNTs. Design elements for CNTs that carry over to graphene and CDs include Coulombic attraction of components and using O or N atoms that serve as tethering points for attaching electrocatalytically active nanoparticles (NPs) and/or other additives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles C. Chusuei
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA;
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27
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Calabrese G, De Luca G, Nocito G, Rizzo MG, Lombardo SP, Chisari G, Forte S, Sciuto EL, Conoci S. Carbon Dots: An Innovative Tool for Drug Delivery in Brain Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11783. [PMID: 34769212 PMCID: PMC8583729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are particularly aggressive and represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in adults and children, affecting the global population and being responsible for 2.6% of all cancer deaths (as well as 30% of those in children and 20% in young adults). The blood-brain barrier (BBB) excludes almost 100% of the drugs targeting brain neoplasms, representing one of the most significant challenges to current brain cancer therapy. In the last decades, carbon dots have increasingly played the role of drug delivery systems with theranostic applications against cancer, thanks to their bright photoluminescence, solubility in bodily fluids, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. After a summary outlining brain tumors and the current drug delivery strategies devised in their therapeutic management, this review explores the most recent literature about the advances and open challenges in the employment of carbon dots as both diagnostic and therapeutic agents in the treatment of brain cancers, together with the strategies devised to allow them to cross the BBB effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Calabrese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali—Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (G.N.); (M.G.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Giovanna De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali—Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (G.N.); (M.G.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Nocito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali—Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (G.N.); (M.G.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Maria Giovanna Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali—Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (G.N.); (M.G.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Sofia Paola Lombardo
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Via Penninazzo 7, 95029 Viagrande, Italy; (S.P.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Giulia Chisari
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Via Penninazzo 7, 95029 Viagrande, Italy; (S.P.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Stefano Forte
- IOM Ricerca, Via Penninazzo 11, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Luigi Sciuto
- A.O.-Universitaria Policlinico “G. Rodolico–San Marco”, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali—Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (G.N.); (M.G.R.); (S.C.)
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28
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Maruthapandi M, Saravanan A, Das P, Luong JHT, Gedanken A. Microbial inhibition and biosensing with multifunctional carbon dots: Progress and perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107843. [PMID: 34624454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) and their doped counterparts including nitrogen-doped CDs (N@CDs) have been synthesized by bottom-up or top-down approaches from different precursors. The attractiveness of such emerging 2D‑carbon-based nanosized materials is attributed to their excellent biocompatibility, preparation, aqueous dispersibility, and functionality. The antimicrobial, optical, and electrochemical properties of CDs have been advocated for two important biotechnological applications: bacterial eradication and sensing/biosensing. CDs as well as N@CDs act as antimicrobial agents as their surfaces encompass functional hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino groups that generate free radicals. As a new class of photoluminescent nanomaterials, CDs can be employed in diversified analytics. CDs with surface carboxyl or amino groups form nanocomposites with nanomaterials or be conjugated with biorecognition molecules toward the development of sensors/biosensors. The deployment of conductive CDs in electrochemical sensing has also increased significantly because of their quantum size, excellent biocompatibility, enzyme-mimicking activity, and high surface area. The review also addresses the ongoing challenges and promises of CDs in pathogenesis and analytics. Perspectives on the future possibilities include the use of CDs in microbial viability assay, wound healing, antiviral therapy, and medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moorthy Maruthapandi
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Arumugam Saravanan
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Poushali Das
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - John H T Luong
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
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29
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Chusuei CC, Clark CJ, Pandey RR, Williams ET, Shuxteau C, Seven ES, Leblanc RM. Graphene Defects in Saccharide Carbon Dots Govern Electrochemical Sensitivity. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles C. Chusuei
- Department of Chemistry Middle Tennessee State University 440 Friendship Street Murfreesboro TN 37132 USA
| | - Christopher J. Clark
- Department of Chemistry Middle Tennessee State University 440 Friendship Street Murfreesboro TN 37132 USA
| | - Raja Ram Pandey
- Department of Chemistry Middle Tennessee State University 440 Friendship Street Murfreesboro TN 37132 USA
| | - Ethan T. Williams
- Department of Chemistry Middle Tennessee State University 440 Friendship Street Murfreesboro TN 37132 USA
| | - Carissa Shuxteau
- Department of Chemistry Middle Tennessee State University 440 Friendship Street Murfreesboro TN 37132 USA
| | - Elif S. Seven
- Department of Chemistry University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Roger M. Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
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30
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Mintz KJ, Leblanc RM. The use of nanotechnology to combat liver cancer: Progress and perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188621. [PMID: 34454983 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is also one of the most difficult cancers to treat, resulting in almost one million deaths per year, and the danger of this cancer is compounded when the tumor is nonresectable. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and has the third highest mortality rate worldwide. Considering the morbid statistics surrounding this cancer it is a popular research topic to target for better therapy practices. This review summarizes the role of nanotechnology in these endeavors. Nanoparticles (NPs) are a very broad class of material and many different kinds have been used to potentially combat liver cancer. Gold, silver, platinum, metal oxide, calcium, and selenium NPs as well as less common materials are all inorganic NPs that have been used as a therapeutic, carrier, or imaging agent in drug delivery systems (DDS) and these efforts are described. Carbon-based NPs, including polymeric, polysaccharide, and lipid NPs as well as carbon dots, have also been widely studied for this purpose and the role they play in DDS for the treatment of liver cancer is illustrated in this review. The multifunctional nature of many NPs described herein, allows these systems to display high anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo and highlights the advantage of and need for combinatorial therapy in treating this difficult cancer. These works are summarized, and future directions are presented for this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keenan J Mintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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31
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Zhang W, Sigdel G, Mintz KJ, Seven ES, Zhou Y, Wang C, Leblanc RM. Carbon Dots: A Future Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrating Nanomedicine and Drug Nanocarrier. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5003-5016. [PMID: 34326638 PMCID: PMC8316758 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s318732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is one of the biggest challenges in modern medicine due to the BBB's highly semipermeable property that limits most therapeutic agents of brain diseases to enter the central nervous system (CNS). In recent years, nanoparticles, especially carbon dots (CDs), exhibit many unprecedented applications for drug delivery. Several types of CDs and CD-ligand conjugates have been reported successfully penetrating the BBB, which shows a promising progress in the application of CD-based drug delivery system (DDS) for the treatment of CNS diseases. In this review, our discussion of CDs includes their classification, preparations, structures, properties, and applications for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD) and brain tumor. Moreover, abundant functional groups on the surface, especially amine and carboxyl groups, allow CDs to conjugate with diverse drugs as versatile drug nanocarriers. In addition, structure of the BBB is briefly described, and mechanisms for transporting various molecules across the BBB and other biological barriers are elucidated. Most importantly, recent developments in drug delivery with CDs as BBB-penetrating nanodrugs and drug nanocarriers to target CNS diseases especially Alzheimer's disease and brain tumor are summarized. Eventually, future prospects of the CD-based DDS are discussed in combination with the development of artificial intelligence and nanorobots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Ganesh Sigdel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Keenan J Mintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Elif S Seven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
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32
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Seven ES, Seven YB, Zhou Y, Poudel-Sharma S, Diaz-Rucco JJ, Kirbas Cilingir E, Mitchell GS, Van Dyken JD, Leblanc RM. Crossing the blood-brain barrier with carbon dots: uptake mechanism and in vivo cargo delivery. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:3942-3953. [PMID: 34263140 PMCID: PMC8243484 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00145k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle for drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) such that most therapeutics lack efficacy against brain tumors or neurological disorders due to their inability to cross the BBB. Therefore, developing new drug delivery platforms to facilitate drug transport to the CNS and understanding their mechanism of transport are crucial for the efficacy of therapeutics. Here, we report (i) carbon dots prepared from glucose and conjugated to fluorescein (GluCD-F) cross the BBB in zebrafish and rats without the need of an additional targeting ligand and (ii) uptake mechanism of GluCDs is glucose transporter-dependent in budding yeast. Glucose transporter-negative strain of yeast showed undetectable GluCD accumulation unlike the glucose transporter-positive yeast, suggesting glucose-transporter-dependent GluCD uptake. We tested GluCDs' ability to cross the BBB using both zebrafish and rat models. Following the injection to the heart, wild-type zebrafish showed GluCD-F accumulation in the central canal consistent with the transport of GluCD-F across the BBB. In rats, following intravenous administration, GluCD-F was observed in the CNS. GluCD-F was localized in the gray matter (e.g. ventral horn, dorsal horn, and middle grey) of the cervical spinal cord consistent with neuronal accumulation. Therefore, neuron targeting GluCDs hold tremendous potential as a drug delivery platform in neurodegenerative disease, traumatic injury, and malignancies of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif S Seven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami 1301 Memorial Dr. Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Yasin B Seven
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida 101 Newell Dr. Gainesville FL 32603 USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida 1149 Newell Dr. Gainesville FL 32610 USA
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami 1301 Memorial Dr. Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Sijan Poudel-Sharma
- Department of Biology, University of Miami 1301 Memorial Dr. Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Juan J Diaz-Rucco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami 1301 Memorial Dr. Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Emel Kirbas Cilingir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami 1301 Memorial Dr. Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Gordon S Mitchell
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida 101 Newell Dr. Gainesville FL 32603 USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida 1149 Newell Dr. Gainesville FL 32610 USA
| | - J David Van Dyken
- Department of Biology, University of Miami 1301 Memorial Dr. Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami 1301 Memorial Dr. Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
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33
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Debnath SK, Srivastava R. Drug Delivery With Carbon-Based Nanomaterials as Versatile Nanocarriers: Progress and Prospects. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.644564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
With growing interest, a large number of researches have been conducted on carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs). However, their uses are limited due to comprehensive potential environmental and human health effects. It is often confusing for researchers to make an informed choice regarding the versatile carbon-based nanocarrier system and its potential applications. This review has highlighted emerging applications and cutting-edge progress of CBNs in drug delivery. Some critical factors like enzymatic degradation, surface modification, biological interactions, and bio-corona have been discussed here. These factors will help to fabricate CBNs for effective drug delivery. This review also addresses recent advancements in carbon-based target specific and release controlled drug delivery to improve disease treatment. The scientific community has turned their research efforts into the development of novel production methods of CBNs to make their production more attractive to the industrial sector. Due to the nanosize and diversified physical properties, these CBNs have demonstrated distinct biological interaction. Thus long-term preclinical toxicity study is recommended before finally translating to clinical application.
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34
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Ahmadi Z, Mohammadinejad R, Roomiani S, Afshar EG, Ashrafizadeh M. Biological and Therapeutic Effects of Troxerutin: Molecular Signaling Pathways Come into View. J Pharmacopuncture 2021; 24:1-13. [PMID: 33833895 PMCID: PMC8010425 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2021.24.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids consist a wide range of naturally occurring compounds which are exclusively found in different fruits and vegetables. These medicinal herbs have a number of favourable biological and therapeutic activities such as antioxidant, neuroprotective, renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a naturally occurring flavonoid which is isolated from tea, coffee and cereal grains as well as vegetables. It has a variety of valuable pharmacological and therapeutic activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. These pharmacological impacts have been demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies. Also, clinical trials have revealed the efficacy of troxerutin for management of phlebocholosis and hemorrhoidal diseases. In the present review, we focus on the therapeutic effects and biological activities of troxerutin as well as its molecular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ahmadi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad Branch, University of Shushtar, Khuzestan, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahar Roomiani
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad Branch, University of Shushtar, Khuzestan, Iran
| | | | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Chauhan P, Chaudhary S, Bhasin K. Usage of agarose gel waste for the high yield production of carbon dots and new insight into their toxicological screening. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Kirbas Cilingir E, Seven ES, Zhou Y, Walters BM, Mintz KJ, Pandey RR, Wikramanayake AH, Chusuei CC, Vanni S, Graham RM, Leblanc RM. Metformin derived carbon dots: Highly biocompatible fluorescent nanomaterials as mitochondrial targeting and blood-brain barrier penetrating biomarkers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 592:485-497. [PMID: 33714764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have been intensively studied since their discovery in 2004 because of their unique properties such as low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, high photoluminescence (PL) and good water dispersibility. In this study metformin derived carbon dots (Met-CDs) were synthesized using a microwave assisted method. Met-CDs were meticulously characterized using ultra-violet spectroscopy (UV-vis), photoluminescence (PL), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force (AFM) and transmission electron (TEM) microscopies. According to results of cytotoxicity studies, Met-CDs possess low-toxicity and excellent biocompatibility towards both non-tumor and tumor cell lines indicating that Met-CDs are outstanding candidates for living cell bioimaging studies. Furthermore, bioimaging studies have displayed that Met-CDs can penetrate the cell membrane and disperse throughout the cell structure including the nucleus and mitochondria. More specifically, Met-CDs tend to start localizing selectively inside the mitochondria of cancer cells, but not of non-tumor cells after 1 h of incubation. Finally, a zebrafish study confirmed that Met-CDs cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) without the need of any other ligands. In summary, this study presents synthesis of Met-CDs which feature abilities such as mitochondrial and nucleus localizations along with BBB penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Kirbas Cilingir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Elif S Seven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Brian M Walters
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Keenan J Mintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Raja R Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, United States
| | | | - Charles C Chusuei
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, United States
| | - Steven Vanni
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Regina M Graham
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States.
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Shiralizadeh Dezfuli A, Kohan E, Tehrani Fateh S, Alimirzaei N, Arzaghi H, Hamblin MR. Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering. RSC Adv 2021; 11:2253-2291. [PMID: 35424170 PMCID: PMC8693874 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic dots is a term used to represent materials including graphene quantum dots and carbon quantum dots because they rely on the presence of other atoms (O, H, and N) for their photoluminescence or fluorescence properties. They generally have a small size (as low as 2.5 nm), and show good photostability under prolonged irradiation. The excitation and emission wavelengths of O-dots can be tailored according to their synthetic procedure, where although their quantum yield is quite low compared with organic dyes, this is partly compensated by their large absorption coefficients. A wide range of strategies have been used to modify the surface of O-dots for passivation, improving their solubility and biocompatibility, and allowing the attachment of targeting moieties and therapeutic cargos. Hybrid nanostructures based on O-dots have been used for theranostic applications, particularly for cancer imaging and therapy. This review covers the synthesis, physics, chemistry, and characterization of O-dots. Their applications cover the prevention of protein fibril formation, and both controlled and targeted drug and gene delivery. Multifunctional therapeutic and imaging platforms have been reported, which combine four or more separate modalities, frequently including photothermal or photodynamic therapy and imaging and drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Ronash Technology Pars Company Tehran Iran
| | - Elmira Kohan
- Department of Science, University of Kurdistan Kurdistan Sanandaj Iran
| | - Sepand Tehrani Fateh
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU) Tehran Iran
| | - Neda Alimirzaei
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan Kashan Iran
| | - Hamidreza Arzaghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg Doornfontein 2028 South Africa
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Cohen EN, Kondiah PPD, Choonara YE, du Toit LC, Pillay V. Carbon Dots as Nanotherapeutics for Biomedical Application. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2207-2221. [PMID: 32238132 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200402102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots are zero-dimensional spherical allotropes of carbon and are less than 10nm in size (ranging from 2-8nm). Based on their biocompatibility, remarkable water solubility, eco- friendliness, conductivity, desirable optical properties and low toxicity, carbon dots have revolutionized the biomedical field. In addition, they have intrinsic photo-luminesce to facilitate bio-imaging, bio-sensing and theranostics. Carbon dots are also ideal for targeted drug delivery. Through functionalization of their surfaces for attachment of receptor-specific ligands, they ultimately result in improved drug efficacy and a decrease in side-effects. This feature may be ideal for effective chemo-, gene- and antibiotic-therapy. Carbon dots also comply with green chemistry principles with regard to their safe, rapid and eco-friendly synthesis. Carbon dots thus, have significantly enhanced drug delivery and exhibit much promise for future biomedical applications. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the various applications of carbon dots in biomedical fields. In doing so, this review highlights the synthesis, surface functionalization and applicability of biodegradable polymers for the synthesis of carbon dots. It further highlights a myriad of biodegradable, biocompatible and cost-effective polymers that can be utilized for the fabrication of carbon dots. The limitations of these polymers are illustrated as well. Additionally, this review discusses the application of carbon dots in theranostics, chemo-sensing and targeted drug delivery systems. This review also serves to discuss the various properties of carbon dots which allow chemotherapy and gene therapy to be safer and more target-specific, resulting in the reduction of side effects experienced by patients and also the overall increase in patient compliance and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eemaan N Cohen
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Pierre P D Kondiah
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Lisa C du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
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Sharma M, Tiwari V, Shukla S, Panda JJ. Fluorescent Dopamine-Tryptophan Nanocomposites as Dual-Imaging and Antiaggregation Agents: New Generation of Amyloid Theranostics with Trimeric Effects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:44180-44194. [PMID: 32870652 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) polypeptides into aberrant extracellular senile plaques is the major neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibiting aggregation of these peptides to control the progression of this deadly disease can serve as a viable therapeutic option. In the current work, inherently fluorescent theranostic dopamine-tryptophan nanocomposites (DTNPs) were developed and investigated for their amyloid inhibition propensity along with their ability to act as a cellular bioimaging agent in neuronal cells. The antiaggregation potency of the nanocomposites was further investigated against an in vitro established reductionist amyloid aggregation model consisting of a mere dipeptide, phenylalanine-phenylalanine (FF). As opposed to large peptide/protein-derived robust and high-molecular-weight amyloid aggregation models of Alzheimer's disease, our dipeptide-based amyloid model provides an edge over others in terms of the ease of handling, synthesis, and cost-effectiveness. Results demonstrated positive antiaggregation behavior of the DTNPs toward both FF-derived amyloid fibrils and preformed Aβ-peptide fibers by means of electron microscopic and circular dichroism-based studies. Our results further pointed toward the neuroprotective effects of the DTNPs in neuroblastoma cells against FF amyloid fibril-induced toxicity and also that they significantly suppressed the accumulation of Aβ42 oligomers in both cortex and hippocampus regions and improved cognitive impairment in an intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ)-induced animal model of dementia. Besides, DTNPs also exhibited excellent fluorescent properties and light up the cytoplasm of neuroblastoma cells when being coincubated with cells, confirming their ability to serve as an intracellular bioimaging agent. Overall, these results signify the potency of the DTNPs as promising multifunctional theranostic agents for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Virendra Tiwari
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Shubha Shukla
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jiban Jyoti Panda
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
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Abstract
Early diagnosis of diseases is of great importance because it increases the chance of a cure and significantly reduces treatment costs. Thus, development of rapid, sensitive, and reliable biosensing techniques is essential for the benefits of human life and health. As such, various nanomaterials have been explored to improve performance of biosensors, among which, carbon dots (CDs) have received enormous attention due to their excellent performance. In this Review, the recent advancements of CD-based biosensors have been carefully summarized. First, biosensors are classified according to their sensing strategies, and the role of CDs in these sensors is elaborated in detail. Next, several typical CD-based biosensors (including CD-only, enzymatic, antigen-antibody, and nucleic acid biosensors) and their applications are fully discussed. Last, advantages, challenges, and perspectives on the future trends of CD-based biosensors are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Ji
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Roger M. Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Zhili Peng
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People’s Republic of China
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Henna TK, Raphey VR, Sankar R, Ameena Shirin VK, Gangadharappa HV, Pramod K. Carbon nanostructures: The drug and the delivery system for brain disorders. Int J Pharm 2020; 587:119701. [PMID: 32736018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders and brain tumors are major pathological conditions affecting the brain. The delivery of therapeutic agents into the brain is not as easy as to other organs or systems. The presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) makes the drug delivery into the brain more complicated and challenging. Many techniques have been developed to overcome the difficulties with BBB and to achieve brain-targeted drug delivery. Incorporation of the drugs into nanocarriers capable to penetrate BBB is a simple technique. Different nanocarriers have been developed including polymeric nanoparticles, carbon nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles, etc. Carbon nanostructures could make a superior position among them, because of their good biocompatibility and easy penetration of BBB. Carbon-family nanomaterials consist of different carbon-based structures including zero-dimensional fullerene, one-dimensional carbon nanotube, two-dimensional graphene, and some other related structures like carbon dots and nanodiamonds. They can be used as efficient carriers for drug delivery into the brain. Apart from the drug delivery applications, they can also be used as a central nervous system (CNS) therapeutic agent; some of the carbon nanostructures have neuroregenerative activity. Their influence on neuronal growth and anti-amyloid action is also interesting. This review focuses on different carbon nanostructures for brain-targeted drug delivery and their CNS activities. As a carrier and CNS therapeutic agent, carbon nanostructures can revolutionize the treatment of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Henna
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Kozhikode 673008, Kerala, India
| | - V R Raphey
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Kozhikode 673008, Kerala, India
| | - Renu Sankar
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Kozhikode 673008, Kerala, India
| | - V K Ameena Shirin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Kozhikode 673008, Kerala, India
| | - H V Gangadharappa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015, India.
| | - K Pramod
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Kozhikode 673008, Kerala, India.
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Das SS, Alkahtani S, Bharadwaj P, Ansari MT, ALKahtani MDF, Pang Z, Hasnain MS, Nayak AK, Aminabhavi TM. Molecular insights and novel approaches for targeting tumor metastasis. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119556. [PMID: 32574684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, due to the effective drug delivery and preciseness of tumor sites or microenvironment, the targeted drug delivery approaches have gained ample attention for tumor metastasis therapy. The conventional treatment approaches for metastasis therapy have reported with immense adverse effects because they exhibited maximum probability of killing the carcinogenic cells along with healthy cells. The tumor vasculature, comprising of vasculogenic impressions and angiogenesis, greatly depends upon the growth and metastasis in the tumors. Therefore, various nanocarriers-based delivery approaches for targeting to tumor vasculature have been attempted as efficient and potential approaches for the treatment of tumor metastasis and the associated lesions. Furthermore, the targeted drug delivery approaches have found to be most apt way to overcome from all the limitations and adverse effects associated with the conventional therapies. In this review, various approaches for efficient targeting of pharmacologically active chemotherapeutics against tumor metastasis with the cohesive objectives of prognosis, tracking and therapy are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabya Sachi Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835 215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priyanshu Bharadwaj
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Mohammed Tahir Ansari
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Kajang, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - Muneera D F ALKahtani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 102275, Riyadh 11675, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Md Saquib Hasnain
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Venkateshwara University, NH-24, Rajabpur, Gajraula, Amroha 244236, U.P., India.
| | - Amit Kumar Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mayurbhanj 757086, Odisha, India.
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Zhou Y, Mintz KJ, Cheng L, Chen J, Ferreira BCLB, Hettiarachchi SD, Liyanage PY, Seven ES, Miloserdov N, Pandey RR, Quiroga B, Blackwelder PL, Chusuei CC, Li S, Peng Z, Leblanc RM. Direct conjugation of distinct carbon dots as Lego-like building blocks for the assembly of versatile drug nanocarriers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 576:412-425. [PMID: 32460101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
As a promising drug nanocarrier, carbon dots (CDs) have exhibited many excellent properties. However, some properties such as bone targeting and crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) only apply to a certain CD preparation with limited drug loading capacity. Therefore, it is significant to conjugate distinct CDs to centralize many unique properties on the novel drug nanocarrier. Considering that CDs have abundant and tunable surface functionalities, in this study, a direct conjugation was initiated between two distinct CD models, black CDs (B-CDs) and gel-like CDs (G-CDs) via an amidation reaction. As a result of conjugation at a mass ratio of 5:3 (B-CDs to G-CDs) and a two-step purification process, the conjugate, black-gel CDs (B-G CDs) (5:3) inherited functionalities from both CDs and obtained an enhanced thermostability, aqueous stability, red-shifted photoluminescence (PL) emission, and a figure-eight shape with a width and length of 3 and 6 nm, respectively. In addition, the necessity of high surface primary amine (NH2) content in the CD conjugation was highlighted by replacing G-CDs with other CDs with lower surface NH2 content. Meanwhile, the carboxyl groups (COOH) on G-CDs were not enough to trigger self-conjugation between G-CDs. Moreover, the drug loading capacity was enhanced by 54.5% from B-CDs to B-G CDs (5:3). Furthermore, when the mass ratio of B-CDs to G-CDs was decreased from 5:30, 5:100 to 5:300, the obtained nanostructures revealed a great potential of CDs as Lego-like building blocks. Also, bioimaging of zebrafish demonstrated that various B-G CDs exhibited properties of both bone targeting and crossing the BBB, which are specific properties of B-CDs and G-CDs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Keenan J Mintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Ling Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Jiuyan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | | | | | - Piumi Y Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Elif S Seven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Nikolay Miloserdov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Raja R Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Bruno Quiroga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Patricia L Blackwelder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA; GS/RSMAS, University of Miami, Key Biscayne, FL 33149, USA
| | - Charles C Chusuei
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Shanghao Li
- MP Biomedicals LLC, 3 Hutton Center, Santa Ana, CA 92707, USA
| | - Zhili Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China.
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Mohammadinejad R, Kailasa SK, Ahmadi Z, Afshar EG, Pardakhty A. Carbon dots as versatile nanoarchitectures for the treatment of neurological disorders and their theranostic applications: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 278:102123. [PMID: 32087367 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel methods plays a fundamental role in early diagnosis and controlling of neurological disorders (NDs). Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the most challenging barrier for the development of neuro drug delivery systems due to its inhibiting ability to enter drugs and agents into central nervous system (CNS). Carbon dots (CDs) have shown to be very promising and outstanding agents for various biomedical applications (bio imaging studies, treatment of NDs and brain tumors). They exhibit remarkable properties such as biocompatibility, small size (less than 10 nm, enabling penetration into BBB), tunable optical properties, photostability and simple synthetic procedures, allowing them to act as ideal candidates in various fields of science. Therefore, the objective of this review is to overview the recent studies on CDs for the development of neuro drug delivery systems to reach CNS via crossing of BBB. Primarily, this review briefly outlines the unique optical properties and toxicity of CDs. The development of novel neuro drug delivery systems for various neurological disorders using CDs as carriers is described. This review also covers the potential applications of CDs in brain tumors imaging and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, the sensing applications and future prospects of CDs are summarized.
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45
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Ashrafizadeh M, Ahmadi Z, Mohammadinejad R, Kaviyani N, Tavakol S. Monoterpenes modulating autophagy: A review study. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 126:9-20. [PMID: 31237736 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
From the beginning of the 21st century, much attention has been made towards the medicinal herbs due to their low side effects and valuable biological activities. Among them, terpenes comprise a large group of naturally occurring chemical compounds that are considered as main components of flavours, antifeedants and pheromones. Monoterpenes have demonstrated a favourable profile as compounds that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective and anti-tumour activities. On the other hand, autophagy is a 'self-digestion' mechanism which plays a remarkable role in a number of pathological conditions such as cancer, ageing, metabolic disorders and infection. Also, autophagy is considered as a stress adaptor that may lead to apoptotic cell death under severe and sustained stress. Autophagy modulation is a promising strategy in cancer treatment, and a variety of drugs have been designed in line with this strategy. In the present MiniReview, we discuss the effects of monoterpenes on autophagy and its relationship with therapeutic impacts of monoterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- NanoBioEletrochemistry Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nasim Kaviyani
- Department of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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46
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Atchudan R, Edison TNJI, Perumal S, Vinodh R, Lee YR. Betel-derived nitrogen-doped multicolor carbon dots for environmental and biological applications. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhou Y, Liyanage PY, Devadoss D, Rios Guevara LR, Cheng L, Graham RM, Chand HS, Al-Youbi AO, Bashammakh AS, El-Shahawi MS, Leblanc RM. Nontoxic amphiphilic carbon dots as promising drug nanocarriers across the blood-brain barrier and inhibitors of β-amyloid. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:22387-22397. [PMID: 31730144 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a main obstacle for drug delivery targeting the central nervous system (CNS) and treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). In order to enhance the efficiency of drug delivery without harming the BBB integrity, nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery has become a popular therapeutic strategy. Carbon dots (CDs) are one of the most promising and novel nanocarriers. In this study, amphiphilic yellow-emissive CDs (Y-CDs) were synthesized with an ultrasonication-mediated methodology using citric acid and o-phenylenediamine with a size of 3 nm that emit an excitation-independent yellow photoluminescence (PL). The content of primary amine and carboxyl groups on CDs was measured as 6.12 × 10-5 and 8.13 × 10-3 mmol mg-1, respectively, indicating the potential for small-molecule drug loading through bioconjugation. Confocal image analyses revealed that Y-CDs crossed the BBB of 5-day old wild-type zebrafish, most probably by passive diffusion due to the amphiphilicity of Y-CDs. And the amphiphilicity and BBB penetration ability didn't change when Y-CDs were coated with different hydrophilic molecules. Furthermore, Y-CDs were observed to enter cells to inhibit the overexpression of human amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-amyloid (Aβ) which is a major factor responsible for AD pathology. Therefore, data suggest that Y-CDs have a great potential as nontoxic nanocarriers for drug delivery towards the CNS as well as a promising inhibiting agent of Aβ-related pathology of the AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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Zhou Y, Mintz KJ, Sharma SK, Leblanc RM. Carbon Dots: Diverse Preparation, Application, and Perspective in Surface Chemistry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:9115-9132. [PMID: 31267753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a novel class of nanoparticles with excellent properties. The development of CDs involves versatile synthesis, characterization, and various applications. However, the importance of surface chemistry of CDs, especially in applications, is often underestimated. In fact, the study of the surface chemistry of CDs is of great significance in the explanation of the unique properties of CDs as well as the pursuit of potential applications. In this feature article, we do not only introduce the development of CDs in our group but also highlight their applications where surface chemistry plays a critical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Keenan J Mintz
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Shiv K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
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49
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Zhou Y, Zahran EM, Quiroga BA, Perez J, Mintz KJ, Peng Z, Liyanage PY, Pandey RR, Chusuei CC, Leblanc RM. Size-Dependent Photocatalytic Activity of Carbon Dots with Surface-State Determined Photoluminescence. APPLIED CATALYSIS. B, ENVIRONMENTAL 2019; 248:157-166. [PMID: 32831482 PMCID: PMC7434043 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized by a microwave-mediated method and separated by size exclusion chromatography into three different size fractions. There was no correlation of the size with photoluminescence (PL) emission wavelength, which shows that the PL mechanism is not quantum-size dependent. UV/vis absorption and diffuse reflectance spectroscopies showed that the light absorption properties as well as the band gap of the CDs changed with the size of the particle. The combination of FTIR and XPS measurements revealed the composition on the surface of each fraction. The three CDs fractions were separately used in the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes under simulated sunlight irradiation. The catalytic activity of the as-prepared CDs was found to increase as the size of the particles decreased. Complete degradation of both rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) was achieved in 150 min by the 2-nm CDs. The scavenger studies showed that the holes and superoxide radicals are the main species involved in the photocatalytic degradation of the dye by the 2-nm CDs. These CDs displayed high stability in the degradation of organic dyes for multiple cycles. The 2-nm CDs displayed promising photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) . These results demonstrate for the first time the application of bare carbon dots in the degradation of environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Elsayed M Zahran
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, USA
| | - Bruno A Quiroga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Jennifer Perez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Keenan J Mintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Zhili Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Piumi Y Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Raja R Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, USA
| | - Charles C Chusuei
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, USA
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
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50
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Nguyen KC, Zhang Y, Todd J, Kittle K, Patry D, Caldwell D, Lalande M, Smith S, Parks D, Navarro M, Massarsky A, Moon TW, Willmore WG, Tayabali AF. Biodistribution and Systemic Effects in Mice Following Intravenous Administration of Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dot Nanoparticles. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1491-1503. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathy C. Nguyen
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 50 Colombine Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario Canada, K1S 5B6
| | - Yan Zhang
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 50 Colombine Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Julie Todd
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Kevin Kittle
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Dominique Patry
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Don Caldwell
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Michelle Lalande
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Scott Smith
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Douglas Parks
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Martha Navarro
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Andrey Massarsky
- University of Ottawa, Department of Biology, Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics and the Collaborative Program in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology, 75 Laurier Avenue East, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Thomas W. Moon
- University of Ottawa, Department of Biology, Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics and the Collaborative Program in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology, 75 Laurier Avenue East, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - William G. Willmore
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario Canada, K1S 5B6
| | - Azam F. Tayabali
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 50 Colombine Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario Canada, K1S 5B6
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