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Matias RS, Gomes S, Barboza LGA, Almeida CMR, Marques A, Guilhermino L, Valente LMP. Occurrence of microplastics and metals in European seabass produced in different aquaculture systems: Implications for human exposure, risk, and food safety. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172535. [PMID: 38641109 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants of increasing concern as they may cause adverse effects and carry other contaminants, which may potentially compromise human health. Despite occurring in aquatic ecosystems worldwide, the knowledge about MP presence in different aquaculture systems and their potential impact on seafood products is still limited. This study aimed to determine the levels of MPs in water, feed, and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from three relevant aquaculture systems and estimate human exposure to MPs and metals through seabass consumption. The recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) had the highest MP occurrence in water and feed. MP levels in seabass followed the aquaculture system's levels in water and feed, with RAS-farmed fish presenting the highest MP load, both in the fish gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and muscle, followed by pond-, and cage-farmed fish. MPs' characteristics across aquaculture systems and fish samples remained consistent, with the predominant recovered particles falling within the MP size range. The particles were visually characterized and chemically identified by micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (μFTIR). Most of these particles were fibres composed of man-made cellulose and PET. MP levels in GIT were significantly higher than in muscle for pond- and RAS-farmed fish, MPs' bioconcentration factors >1 indicated bioconcentration in farmed seabass. Metal concentrations in fish muscle were below permissible limits, posing low intake risks for consumers according to the available health-based guidance values and estimated dietary scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo S Matias
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Gomes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis Gabriel A Barboza
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - C Marisa R Almeida
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - António Marques
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; IPMA, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Divisão de Aquacultura, Valorização e Bioprospeção, Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Guilhermino
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luisa M P Valente
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Yashwanth BS, Pinto N, Sathiyanarayanan A, Chaudhari A, Rasal KD, Goswami M. Functional characterization of Labeo rohita muscle cell line for in vitro research. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08427-z. [PMID: 37179501 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Labeo rohita represents the most dominant fish species in Indian aquaculture and the fish cell lines have been used as an excellent in vitro platform for performing various biological research. METHODS AND RESULTS The LRM cell culture developed from the muscle tissue of L. rohita was used to study the in vitro applications. The developed muscle cells were maintained in a Leibovitz's-15 (L-15) supplemented with 10% FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) and 10 ng/ml bFGF at 28 oC temperature. The LRM cells showed fibroblastic-like morphology and was authenticated by sequencing mitochondrial gene 16S rRNA. The expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) was studied in different stages of LRM cells; however, the expression patterns varied at different passages. The MEF2A, Mrf-4, and Myogenin expressions were higher in passage 25, while the expression of MyoD was maximum in passage 15, and the expression of Myf-5 was highest in passage 1. The transfection efficiency of LRM cells revealed 14 % of the GFP expression with a pmaxGFP vector DNA. The LRM cells were susceptible to the extracellular products prepared from Aeromonas hydrophilla and Edwardsiella tarda. The acute cytotoxicity of six heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni) was assessed in LRM cells by a dose-dependent manner in comparison to IC50 values obtained from MTT and NR assays. A revival rate of 70-75% was achieved when the LRM cells were cryopreserved at - 196 °C using liquid nitrogen. CONCLUSION The developed muscle cells serve as an functional in vitro tool for toxicological and biotechnological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Yashwanth
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India
| | - Nevil Pinto
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India
| | - A Sathiyanarayanan
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India
| | - Aparna Chaudhari
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India
| | - Kiran D Rasal
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India
| | - Mukunda Goswami
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India.
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Ganeshalingam S, Nadarajapillai K, Sellaththurai S, Kim G, Kim J, Lee JH, Jeong T, Wan Q, Lee J. Molecular characterization, immune expression, and functional delineation of peroxiredoxin 1 in Epinephelus akaara. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 133:108552. [PMID: 36669605 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 1 is a member of the typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin family, which serves diverse functions in gene expression, immune and inflammatory responses, and tumor progression. In this study, we aimed to analyze the structural, functional, and immunomodulatory properties of peroxiredoxin 1 from Epinephelus akaara (EaPrx1). The open reading frame of EaPrx1 is 597 base pairs in length, encoding 198 amino acids, with a molecular weight of approximately 22 kDa. The in silico analysis revealed that EaPrx1 shares a conserved thioredoxin fold and signature motifs that are critical for its catalytic activity and oligomerization. Further, EaPrx1 is closely related to Epinephelus lanceolatus Prx1 and clustered in the Fishes group of the vertebrate clade, revealing that EaPrx1 was conserved throughout evolution. In terms of tissue distribution, a high level of EaPrx1 expression was observed in the spleen, brain, and blood tissues. Likewise, in immune challenge experiments, significant transcriptional modulations of EaPrx1 upon lipopolysaccharide, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, and nervous necrosis virus injections were noted at different time points, indicating the immunological role of EaPrx1 against pathogenic infections. In the functional analysis, rEaPrx1 exhibited substantial DNA protection, insulin disulfide reduction, and tissue repair activities, which were concentration-dependent. EaPrx1/pcDNA™ 3.1 (+)-transfected fathead minnow cells revealed high cell viability upon arsenic toxicity, indicating the heavy metal detoxification activity of EaPrx1. Taken together, the transcriptional and functional studies imply critical roles of EaPrx1 in innate immunity, redox regulation, apoptosis, and tissue-repair processes in E. akaara.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subothini Ganeshalingam
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kishanthini Nadarajapillai
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarithaa Sellaththurai
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaeun Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hun Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyug Jeong
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Wan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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Maria B, Maria MC, Antonio B, Simona M, Rosaria A, Andrea S, Giulia M, Marianna DC, Mario S. Chemical and biochemical responses to sub-lethal doses of mercury and cadmium in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135822. [PMID: 35963385 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Specimens of Sparus aurata were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Hg and Cd for 25 days and the levels of both metals were investigated in organs and tissues. Bioaccumulation of Hg decreased as follow: gills > kidney > liver > skin > muscle, while the order of Cd bioaccumulation was: liver > kidney > gills > skin > muscle. Immediately after exposure, both metals showed the highest bioaccumulation in gills and skin indicating that these organs are reliable targets for biomonitoring studies after short term exposure. Metals introduction caused a significant time-dependent concentrations increase in kidney and liver, while in the muscle a significant increase of Hg was recorded only at the end of the experimentation. The effects of exposure were also investigated, at biochemical level, in the liver, which represents the main target of xenobiotics biotransformation and metabolism in fish. Exposed fishes exhibited a reduction of total lipid level, a decrease of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), together with a MDA increase. This suggests a direct effect of contaminants on oxidative stress induction that, through the MDA increase, altered the membrane fatty acids composition decreasing the PUFA content. As it regards molecular markers related to oxidative stress and lipid metanolism, a significant increase of Nrf2, Hif-1α and Ampk and a decrease of Fas were observed after exposure to both metals, while an Nf-kB increase was recorded in specimens exposed to Hg, docuemnting a correlation with oxidative stress and consequent metabolism adaptation. Finally, these results suggest the possibility to adopt these biomarkers to explore fish metabolic responses to environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonsignore Maria
- National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment (CNR-IAS), via del Mare, 3 Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - Messina Concetta Maria
- National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment (CNR-IAS), via del Mare, 3 Campobello di Mazara, Italy; University of Palermo, Dept. of Earth and Marine Science DISTEM, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Trapani, Italy
| | - Bellante Antonio
- National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment (CNR-IAS), via del Mare, 3 Campobello di Mazara, Italy.
| | - Manuguerra Simona
- University of Palermo, Dept. of Earth and Marine Science DISTEM, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Trapani, Italy
| | - Arena Rosaria
- University of Palermo, Dept. of Earth and Marine Science DISTEM, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Trapani, Italy
| | - Santulli Andrea
- University of Palermo, Dept. of Earth and Marine Science DISTEM, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Trapani, Italy
| | - Maricchiolo Giulia
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM-CNR), Spianata S. Raineri 86, 98122, Messina, Italy
| | - Del Core Marianna
- National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment (CNR-IAS), via del Mare, 3 Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - Sprovieri Mario
- National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment (CNR-IAS), via del Mare, 3 Campobello di Mazara, Italy
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Beine K, Dahms-Verster S, Greenfield R. An integrated biomarker assessment of biochemical responses in a freshwater fish species after vanadium pentoxide (V 2O 5) exposure. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1221-1233. [PMID: 35971046 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) is a toxicant becoming increasingly concentrated in freshwater with the potential to affect aquatic organisms. Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), accumulated in fish, can act as an oxidizing agent and cause oxidative damage. To determine the effects of V2O5 on exposed adult Oreochromis mossambicus, acute exposure experiments were conducted. Bioaccumulation and biomarker analyses were performed on various excised tissues of the exposed fish. As expected, accumulated V concentrations in the gills increased as the exposure concentration increased. Gill tissue accumulated more vanadium than muscle tissue. Metallothionein content increased in the highest concentrations compared to the lower concentrations, therefore showing that metallothionein proteins were attempting to sequester V2O5 in the tissues. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed an excitation at lower concentrations and inhibition as the exposure concentrations increased, possibly due to ROS detoxification. Catalase activity decreased from the first exposure concentration to the last concentration; this could have been due to SOD compensation. Protein carbonyl concentration decreased as the concentrations of V2O5 increased, indicating an inhibition of protein oxidation. The IBRv2 comparison revealed the biochemical responses caused by V2O5 more effectively than traditional statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Beine
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - S Dahms-Verster
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - R Greenfield
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Bellanova P, Feist L, Costa PJM, Orywol S, Reicherter K, Lehmkuhl F, Schwarzbauer J. Contemporary pollution of surface sediments from the Algarve shelf, Portugal. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 176:113410. [PMID: 35189532 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present-day human footprint is traceable in all environments. Growing urban centers, tourism, agricultural and industrial activities in combination with fishery, aquacultures and intense naval traffic, result in a large output of pollutants onto coastal regions. The Algarve shelf (Portugal) is one exemplary highly affected coastal system. With this study the contemporary pollution was followed in eighteen offshore surface sediment samples. Heavy metals (e.g., Cr, Pb, Cu, Hg) and organic contaminants, such as linear alkylbenzenes, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane metabolites, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and hopanes, have been identified and quantified, that pose hazardous effects on the marine environment and biota. This study correlates spatial distribution patterns with the pollutant composition, potential sources and pathways, each sample's grain size, and local influences, such as discharging river systems and ocean currents. This study presents a blueprint-study that allows the methodological adaption to new shelf systems with regionally different ocean current-driven distribution patterns of anthropogenic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Bellanova
- Institute of Neotectonics and Natural Hazards, RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
| | - Lisa Feist
- Institute of Neotectonics and Natural Hazards, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Pedro J M Costa
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sarah Orywol
- Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Klaus Reicherter
- Institute of Neotectonics and Natural Hazards, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Frank Lehmkuhl
- Chair for Physical Geography and Geoecology, Department of Geography, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Jan Schwarzbauer
- Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
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Meng C, Wang K, Zhang X, Zhu X. Purification, secondary structure and antioxidant activity of metallothionein zinc-binding proteins from Arca subcrenata. Protein Expr Purif 2021; 182:105838. [PMID: 33561519 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Zinc-binding proteins named MT-M-I and MT-M-II were obtained after purification from metal-exposed hairy clams (Arca subcrenata) using gel permeation and ion-exchange chromatography. MT-M-I and MT-M-II were resolved by ion-exchange chromatography, and they were found to have similar molecular weights. MT-M-I and MT-M-II can bind 6 and 7 equivalents of Zn2+ in vitro, and they showed unusual migration behaviors in Tricine sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Tricine-SDS-PAGE). Such migration behaviors may be due to themetal thiolate clusters in these proteins. In terms of amino acid composition, the proportion of cysteine in MT-M-I and MT-M-II was approximately 30%, and glycine accounted for approximately 15%, where as aromatic amino acids were absent. Considering the performance in Tricine-SDS-PAGE and the amino acid compositions, MT-M-I and MT-M-II conform to the molecular characteristics of the metallothionein proteins. The structures were explored using circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Also determined the antioxidant activities in terms of DPPH radical scavenging ability, hydroxyl radical (·OH) scavenging ability, and ferric-reducing/antioxidant power. The antioxidant activities of MT-M-I were found to be stronger than those of MT-M-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Meng
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China; Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Quality Safety, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316100, PR China
| | - Kuiwu Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Quality Safety, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316100, PR China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
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Sanahuja I, Dallarés S, Ibarz A, Solé M. Multi-organ characterisation of B-esterases in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Effects of the insecticide fipronil at two temperatures. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 228:105617. [PMID: 32942115 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In fish, the study of cholinesterases (ChEs) and carboxylesterases (CEs), apart from their involvement in neural activity and xenobiotic metabolism, respectively, requires to be further explored. The European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) was the fish model used to characterise B-esterases in several matrices and organs, as well as to assess the impacts of the insecticide fipronil at two temperatures: the natural temperature at the time of sampling (13 °C) and at 16 °C (based on climate change-related predictions for the Mediterranean region). Fipronil exerts harmful effects in non-target species; however, some countries are reluctant to implement regulations without additional evidence on their toxicity. A comprehensive study was performed in fish pre-acclimated to the two targeted temperatures for 15 days. B-esterases were evaluated in multiple samples after 7 and 14 day exposures to fipronil in feed (dose of 10 mg/kg) and after a 7-day depurative period. Based on hydrolysis rates, results showed that CEs were measurable in all matrices while ChEs were more abundant in muscle and, particularly, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the brain. A + 3 °C increase in temperature had little influence on B-esterase activity; however, fipronil caused a significant increase in brain AChE (1.5-fold) and CE (3-fold) activities. Other matrices and organs also experienced alterations in their B-esterase activities that could compromise their physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Sanahuja
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Dallarés
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Ibarz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Solé
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
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Lee J, Lee SY, Park KW, Lim HH, Shin HS. Simultaneous determination of PCBs, OCPs and PAHs in mussel by ultrasound-assisted cloudy extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:1730-1743. [PMID: 32811350 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1798029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A method for the simultaneous determination in mussel of 8 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 23 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and 35 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including alkyl-PAHs, was optimised using ultrasound-assisted cloudy extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Optimal selection of the extraction solvent and the dispersing solvent contributed to a high extraction yield and a clean extract. The ranges of the lower limits of detection of PCBs, OCPs and PAHs were 0.012-0.058, 0.01-0.29 and 0.01-0.5 μg kg-1, respectively. The feasibility of the proposed method was validated by analysing standard reference materials of mussel with satisfactory results. The precision achieved by this method was in the range of 0.677-2.69% (PCBs), 1.14-6.60% (OCPs) and 0.694-7.46% (PAHs), and its accuracy was in the range of 101-104% (PCBs), 99.6-106% (OCPs) and 101-110% (PAHs). The advantages of the method include the simultaneous measurement of 66 analytes and the simplicity, low cost and high sensitivity of the procedure. When the proposed method was used to analyse the target compounds in 11 mussel samples, the analytical results displayed a concentration range of 0.41-0.45 µg kg-1 for PCBs, 0.26-6.49 µg kg-1 for OCPs, and 3.48-30.69 µg kg-1 for PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangho Lee
- Natural Environment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yong Lee
- Natural Environment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Wan Park
- Natural Environment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee Lim
- Drug Abuse Research Center, Kongju National University , Kongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Sang Shin
- Department of Environmental Education, Kongju National University , Kongju, Republic of Korea
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Ruczyńska W, Szlinder-Richert J, Nermer T. The occurrence and distribution of nonylphenols and nonylphenol ethoxylates in different species of fish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1057-1070. [PMID: 32175546 DOI: 10.1039/c9em00584f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the accumulation of nonylphenols (NPs) and nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs) in the muscles, liver, and bile of flounder (Platichthys flesus), cod (Gadus morhua), and eels (Anguilla anguilla). The flounder and cod were caught in the Gulf of Gdańsk (the Baltic Sea), while the eels were sampled in the Vistula and Szczecin lagoons (the Baltic Sea) and in the inland waters of the Masurian Lake District. NP concentrations in muscles were low in all the samples analyzed and ranged from 14.2 to 28.2 μg-1 kg ww. In contrast, a wide range of NP concentrations were observed in livers, which seemed to depend on both the species and the feeding status of the fishes. NP levels in flounder and eel livers were from three to twenty times higher than those in the muscles, but they were below the limit of quantitation (LOQ) in all the cod liver samples. The mean concentration of NPs in the liver of flounder caught in the Gulf of Gdańsk was 222 μg kg-1 ww, while in that of the eel ranged from 57 μg kg-1 ww in fish caught in the Masurian Lake District to 519 μg kg-1 ww in eels caught in the Vistula Lagoon. NPs were detected in bile in only a few eel samples, which indicated that bile analysis has limited applications for estimating NP contamination in marine fish. The NPEOs in all the samples analyzed were below the LOQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesława Ruczyńska
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland.
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Ediagbonya TF, Osarumwense OP, Omoyugbo OE. Comparative analysis of some metallic elements in selected body part of some fishes (Mormyrus rume and Heterobranchus longifilis) captured from Igbokoda River, Okitipupa, Ondo State, Nigeria. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2020.100071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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12
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Dahms-Verster S, Nel A, van Vuren JHJ, Greenfield R. Biochemical responses revealed in an amphibian species after exposure to a forgotten contaminant: An integrated biomarker assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:103272. [PMID: 31629886 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium is a metal whose toxicity towards terrestrial and aquatic species has been under-reported to date.. The biochemical responses of vanadium in amphibian species have not been determined. To establish the effects of vanadium (V) on exposed adult Xenopus laevis, acute and chronic exposures were conducted, and biomarker analyses were performed on liver and muscle tissues from exposed frogs. Biomarkers of exposure, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and metallothioneins (MT), were analysed. Biomarkers of effect were also analysed to determine possible increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the effect of the exposure on the energy balance in the organisms. These included superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), protein carbonyls (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and cellular energy allocation (CEA) (energy available, energy consumption, lipids, proteins and glucose). In acute exposures, the energy balances in organisms were distinctly affected, possibly due to insulin mimetic properties of V. In chronic exposures, MT, AChE, SOD, CAT and GSH responses were more pronounced. Although AChE is generally inhibited by pollutant exposure, in this study, it was stimulated. There were significant inhibitions of SOD and CAT, previously observed in frog species. PC levels increased in the highest acute exposure concentration, indicating protein damage. The IBR.v2 revealed the biochemical responses of V more effectively than traditional statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dahms-Verster
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - A Nel
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - J H J van Vuren
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - R Greenfield
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
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Reyes-Becerril M, Angulo C, Sanchez V, Cuesta A, Cruz A. Methylmercury, cadmium and arsenic(III)-induced toxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis in Pacific red snapper leukocytes. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 213:105223. [PMID: 31207538 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As(III)) are among the most toxic metals in aquatic systems that have been associated with multiple animal and human health problems. This study investigated cytotoxic, oxidative stress, and apoptosis effects on fish leukocytes following their exposure to metals. A preliminary study indicated that leukocytes exposed to MeHg at a concentration of 0.01 mM, Cd at 0.05 mM, and As(III) at 2 mM showed a time-dependent cell viability reduction (around 40%), so they were selected for further experiments. To evaluate the effect of MeHg, Cd and As(III) on Pacific red snapper Lutjanus peru, we measured cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)), nitric oxide production, apoptosis-related and immune-related genes on head-kidney and spleen leukocytes following exposure to MeHg (0.01 mM), Cd (0.05 mM) and As(III) (2 mM) for 30 min and 2 h. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation highly increased in time-dependent doses in head-kidney leukocytes compared with the control group. Regarding antioxidant activity, SOD increased significantly in leukocytes exposed to any heavy metals after two h. Expressly, CAT activity decreased in those leukocytes exposed to Cd and As(III). Apoptotic function genes (Casp-2, Casp-3, and Casp-7) strongly up-regulated after heavy metal exposure, but Cd was more toxic. Finally, granzyme A and perforin 1 strongly up-regulated in leukocytes exposed to MeHg and As(III) compared with the control group. Our data showed that MeHg, Cd, and As(III) might have been cytotoxic and induced oxidative stress and apoptosis with possible biological consequences in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico.
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Veronica Sanchez
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Spain
| | - Ariel Cruz
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
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Wang X, Celander MC, Yin X, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Xu H, Yu X, Xu K, Zhang X, Kanchanopas-Barnette P. PAHs and PCBs residues and consumption risk assessment in farmed yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) from the East China Sea, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 140:294-300. [PMID: 30803646 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) purchased from five different farming sites in Zhoushan Archipelago and Xiangshan Harbor in the East China Sea, China were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Concentrations of PAHs and PCBs in the edible muscle of L. crocea ranged from 83.14 to 174.68 ng/g wet weight (or 266.89 to 695.24 ng/g dry weight) and 3.89 to 17.40 ng/g wet weight (or 15.50 to 54.25 ng/g dry weight), respectively. Incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) associated with the dietary intake of PAHs and PCBs in L. crocea was assessed. Results showed that levels of PAHs in L. crocea were high enough to cause potential carcinogenic risks for human consumption, while, levels of PCBs in fish samples were of low significant carcinogenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, PR China
| | - Malin C Celander
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, SE 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xiaolong Yin
- Zhoushan Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316004, PR China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan 316004, PR China
| | - Yongjiu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, PR China
| | - Huanzhi Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, PR China
| | - Xinwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan 316004, PR China
| | - Kaida Xu
- Marine Fishery Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhoushan 316004, PR China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, PR China.
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Paschoalini AL, Savassi LA, Arantes FP, Rizzo E, Bazzoli N. Heavy metals accumulation and endocrine disruption in Prochilodus argenteus from a polluted neotropical river. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:539-550. [PMID: 30476816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are considered major pollutants of aquatic environments due to the difficulty of metabolization and the bioaccumulative potential in tissues of aquatic organisms, especially fish muscle that is often used as food worldwide. In addition to causing cell damage, some metals such as aluminium (Al), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals in fish. The Paraopeba and Abaete Rivers are important tributaries of the upper São Francisco River basin, but the Paraopeba River receives, along its course, the discharge of many types of effluents that affect fish species, including widely consumed species such as Prochilodus argenteus. This study evaluated histological and molecular changes caused by chronic exposure to heavy metals in P. argenteus from the Paraopeba River and compared this to fish from the non-impacted Abaete River. Sampled fish from both rivers were used in histological analyses and immunohistochemical assays. The results showed increased incidence of histopathologies and changes in number and morphology of germline cells in both sexes. In addition, up-regulated expression of oestrogens-induced proteins in the liver of males were detected in polluted environment. All the alterations were related to the concentration of metals in water and fish. The high concentration of various metals observed in water and fish from Paraopeba River serves as an alert to the environmental and public health regulatory authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Paschoalini
- Morphology department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L A Savassi
- Morphology department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - F P Arantes
- Post-Graduate Program in Vertebrate Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - E Rizzo
- Morphology department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - N Bazzoli
- Post-Graduate Program in Vertebrate Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Liu GD, Sheng Z, Hou CC, Ni J, Han YL, Wang YF, Zhou Y, Fu SY, Zhu JQ. Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of metallothionein in the liver of the teleost Acrossocheilus fasciatus exposed to cadmium chloride. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 53:1-9. [PMID: 28482255 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metallothionein (MT) has a characteristic molecular structure with a cysteine-rich content. This unique structure provides metal-binding and redox capabilities and promoting metal homeostasis and detoxification in living animals. In order to evaluate the effects of cadmium (Cd) on hepatic MT expression in the liver of Acrossocheilus fasciatus, we obtained the complete cDNA of the A. fasciatus liver MT for the first time. The MT cDNA contains a 605-bp sequence, which codes for 60 amino acids. Protein alignment showed that the similarity between MT protein sequences of A. fasciatus and those of other vertebrates (especially teleosts) was very high and a cysteine residue structure was also conserved. MT was detected in the liver, kidney, gill, testis, muscle, spleen, heart and brain tissues of A. fasciatus by tissue-specific expression analysis. After Cd exposure, Cd/hemoglobin saturation assay, immunohistochemistry and reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to describe MT expression in liver tissue. These techniques indicate a sensitive response by liver MT to Cd exposure. The results suggest that A. fasciatus MT may play an important role in the detoxification processes in the liver, and also would be a useful biomarker for monitoring metal pollution in aquatic environments. In addition, A. fasciatus could be regarded as one candidate for a model species for bony fishes in ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Di Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Zhang Sheng
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Cong-Cong Hou
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Jie Ni
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Ying-Li Han
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - You-Fa Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Su-Yan Fu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Jun-Quan Zhu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China.
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17
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Li P, Zhou L, Wei S, Yang M, Ni S, Yu Y, Cai J, Qin Q. Establishment and characterization of a cell line from the head kidney of golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus and its application in toxicology and virus susceptibility. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2017; 90:1944-1959. [PMID: 28271507 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A cell line derived from the head kidney of golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (TOHK) was established and characterized in this study. The TOHK cells grew most rapidly at 28° C and the optimum foetal bovine serum concentration in L-15 medium was 10%. The TOHK cells have a diploid chromosome number of 2N = 54. The transfection efficiency of TOHK cells was 7·5% at the 15th passage and 72% at the 40th passage. The transfection efficiency in TOHK cells was high, so these cells are suitable for foreign gene expression. The cytotoxic effects of heavy metals and extracellular products from Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio alginolyticus were demonstrated in TOHK cells, so this TOHK cell line could also be applied in environmental monitoring of heavy metals and pathogenic bacteria. TOHK cell line showed high virus susceptibility, such as grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV) and Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV). Then, TOHK cell line could be used for the study of viral pathogenesis and the development of antiviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - L Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - S Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - M Yang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - S Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Y Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - J Cai
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Q Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Rodríguez-Hernández Á, Camacho M, Henríquez-Hernández LA, Boada LD, Valerón PF, Zaccaroni A, Zumbado M, Almeida-González M, Rial-Berriel C, Luzardo OP. Comparative study of the intake of toxic persistent and semi persistent pollutants through the consumption of fish and seafood from two modes of production (wild-caught and farmed). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 575:919-931. [PMID: 27670595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Adverse effects of chemical contaminants associated with seafood counteract the undoubted benefits for the health of its valuable nutrients. So much so that many dietary guidelines recommend no more than one serving a week of fish and seafood. Although is estimated that aquaculture provides more than 50% of the fish and seafood consumed globally, few research studies have focused in the assessment of the intake of pollutants through aquaculture products. In this study we determined the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and toxic elements (Pb, Cd, Ni, Al, As, and Hg) in a large sample of farmed and wild-caught seafood, and we estimated the intake of these contaminants in two hypothetical models of consumers: those consuming only farmed fish, and those consuming only wild fish. Measured levels of most organic and many inorganic pollutants were higher in aquaculture products, and consequently intake levels if only such products were consumed would be also significantly higher. Thus, the intake of ∑PAHs in adults consuming aquaculture seafood would be 3.30ng/kg-bw/day, and consuming seafood from extractive fishing 2.41ng/kg-bw/day (p<0.05); ∑OCPs, 3.36 vs. 1.85ng/kg-bw/day, respectively (p<0.05); ∑PCBs, 2.35 vs. 2.11ng/kgbw/day, respectively; and the intake of Pb, Ni, As, and Al would be also significantly higher consuming farmed seafood. For children the estimations were very similar, but the difference of intake of PCBs reached statistical significance. The implementation of several decontamination practices in aquaculture would allow not only match the levels of pollution from wild-caught seafood, but also could provide products with much lower levels of pollutants than those, which in turn would allow to increase consumption over the "one serving per week", and so benefit the consumer of the enormous positive health effects of the valuable nutrients of seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Rodríguez-Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María Camacho
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Luis A Henríquez-Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Luis D Boada
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Pilar F Valerón
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Annalisa Zaccaroni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Research Group on Large Pelagic Vertebrates, Viale Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, FC, Italy
| | - Manuel Zumbado
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Maira Almeida-González
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Cristian Rial-Berriel
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Octavio P Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Establishment and characterization of a mid-kidney cell line derived from golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus, a new cell model for virus pathogenesis and toxicology studies. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 53:320-327. [PMID: 27981423 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus, a popularly cultured and commercially important marine fish worldwide, has been recognized as a promising candidate for mariculture. However, outbreaks of infectious bacterial or viral diseases and environmental deterioration have led to great economic losses in T. ovatus aquaculture recently. In our research, we established a new mid-kidney cell line, designated as TOK, from golden pompano, T. ovatus. The optimized growth temperature and working concentration of fetal bovine serum (FBS) were 28°C and 10-20%, respectively. Foreign genes could express well in TOK cells. The modal number of TOK cells was 54. The TOK cells were susceptive to Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) and red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), and the virus could propagate in cells. Propagation was verified by qRT-PCR, and virions were observed under electron microscopy. Cytotoxicity analysis revealed that TOK cells were sensitive to different concentrations of extracellular products (ECPs) from Vibrio alginolyticus and V. anguillarum. Moreover, heavy metals (Cd, Cu, and Hg) also showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity to the TOK cell line. We established a mid-kidney cell line from T. ovatus which could be applied to cytotoxicity assays of heavy metals. The newly established TOK cell line possesses great application potential in genetic manipulation, virus-host interaction studies, and toxicity assays of bacterial extracellular products and heavy metals.
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Establishment of a new teleost brain cell line (DLB-1) from the European sea bass and its use to study metal toxicology. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 38:91-100. [PMID: 27746373 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In teleost fish, there are no commercial cell lines for the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Thus, we have established the sea bass brain (DLB-1) cell line, using a fish retrovirus for immortalization, which resemble epithelial cells and express glial cells markers. Exposure to metals [Cd, methylmercury (MeHg), Pb or As] produces cytotoxicity and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Interestingly, cell cycle analysis of DLB-1 cells shows that exposure to metals alters it significantly. Moreover, all the metals induce apoptosis as indicated by sub-Go/G1 population and annexin V binding. Finally, exposure of DLB-1 cells to metals also produces significant alterations at gene expression level, which confirm the above functional results. This is the first study in which metal cytotoxicity has been evaluated in a fish brain cell line and results seem to support that DLB-1 cells are suitable for toxicological studies.
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du Preez G, Wepener V. Influence of Mining Pollution on Metal Bioaccumulation and Biomarker Responses in Cave Dwelling Fish, Clarias gariepinus. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 97:18-23. [PMID: 27086300 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cave ecosystems remain largely unstudied and risk being severely degraded as a result of anthropogenic activities. The Wonderfontein Cave, situated in the extensive gold mining region of the Witwatersrand Basin, is one such system that hosts a population of Clarias gariepinus, which is exposed to the influx of polluted mine water from the Wonderfontein Spruit River. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioaccumulation of metals, as well as relevant biomarkers, in C. gariepinus specimens sampled from the Wonderfontein Cave during high (April 2013) and low (September 2013) flow surveys. Results were also compared to a surface population associated with the Wonderfontein Spruit River. There were temporal differences in metal bioaccumulation patterns and this was attributed to the lack of dilution during the low flow period. Metals associated with acid mine drainage, i.e. Co, Mn and Zn were significantly higher in the Wonderfontein Cave population and were reflected in an increase in oxidative stress biomarkers (catalase, protein carbonyls and superoxide dismutase) and the induction of metallothionein, a biomarker of metal exposure. The surface population was exposed to metals associated with geological weathering processes, i.e. Fe and Al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard du Preez
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Victor Wepener
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
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22
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Contaminants in aquaculture: Overview of analytical techniques for their determination. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Morcillo P, Esteban MÁ, Cuesta A. Heavy metals produce toxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis in the marine teleost fish SAF-1 cell line. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:225-33. [PMID: 26363324 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of cell lines to test the toxicity of aquatic pollutants is a valuable alternative to fish bioassays. In this study, fibroblast SAF-1 cells from the marine gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) were exposed for 24 h to the heavy metals Cd, Hg, MeHg (Methylmercury), As or Pb and the resulting cytotoxicity was assessed. Neutral red (NR), MTT-tetrazolio (MTT), crystal violet (CV) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) viability tests showed that SAF-1 cells exposed to the above heavy metals produced a dose-dependent reduction in the number of viable cells. Methylmercury showed the highest toxicity (EC50 = 0.01 mM) followed by As, Cd, Hg and Pb. NR was the most sensitive method followed by MTT, CV and LDH. SAF-1 cells incubated with each of the heavy metals also exhibited an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis cell death. Moreover, the corresponding gene expression profiles pointed to the induction of the metallothionein protective system, cellular and oxidative stress and apoptosis after heavy metal exposure for 24 h. This report describes and compares tools for evaluating the potential effects of marine contamination using the SAF-1 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Morcillo
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Á Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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24
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Yilmaz O, Prat F, Ibañez AJ, Amano H, Koksoy S, Sullivan CV. Estrogen-induced yolk precursors in European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax: Status and perspectives on multiplicity and functioning of vitellogenins. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 221:16-22. [PMID: 25637672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The estrogen-inducible egg yolk precursor, vitellogenin, of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) has received considerable scientific attention by virtue of its central importance in determination of oocyte growth and egg quality in this important aquaculture species. However, the multiplicity of vitellogenins in the sea bass has only recently been examined. Recent cloning and homology analyses have revealed that the sea bass possesses the three forms of vitellogenin, VtgAa, VtgAb and VtgC, reported to occur in some other highly evolved teleosts. Progress has been made in assessing the relative abundance and special structural features of the three Vtgs and their likely roles in oocyte maturation and embryonic nutrition. This report discusses these findings in the context of our prior knowledge of vitellogenesis in this species and of the latest advances in our understanding of the evolution and function of multiple Vtgs in acanthomorph fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Yilmaz
- Akdeniz University, Fisheries Faculty, Antalya 07070, Turkey; National Institute of Agrinomic Research, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes Cedex, France(1).
| | - Francisco Prat
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain; Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), 11510 Cádiz, Spain(1)
| | - Antonio José Ibañez
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain; Electron and Confocal Microscopy Service, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain(1)
| | - Haruna Amano
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Sadi Koksoy
- Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey
| | - Craig V Sullivan
- Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA; Carolina AquaGyn, P.O. Box 12914, Raleigh, NC 27605, USA(1)
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Bebianno MJ, Pereira CG, Rey F, Cravo A, Duarte D, D'Errico G, Regoli F. Integrated approach to assess ecosystem health in harbor areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 514:92-107. [PMID: 25659308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Harbors are critical environments with strategic economic importance but with potential environmental impact: health assessment criteria are a key issue. An ecosystem health status approach was carried out in Portimão harbor as a case-study. Priority and specific chemical levels in sediments along with their bioavailability in mussels, bioassays and a wide array of biomarkers were integrated in a biomarker index (IBR index) and the overall data in a weight of evidence (WOE) model. Metals, PAHs, PCBs and HCB were not particularly high compared with sediment guidelines and standards for dredging. Bioavailability was evident for Cd, Cu and Zn. Biomarkers proved more sensitive namely changes of antioxidant responses, metallothioneins and vittellogenin-like proteins. IBR index indicated that site 4 was the most impacted area. Assessment of the health status by WOE approach highlighted the importance of integrating sediment chemistry, bioaccumulation, biomarkers and bioassays and revealed that despite some disturbance in the harbor area, there was also an impact of urban effluents from upstream. CAPSULE ABSTRACT Environmental quality assessment in harbors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Bebianno
- CIMA, University of Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - C G Pereira
- CIMA, University of Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - F Rey
- CIMA, University of Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - A Cravo
- CIMA, University of Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - D Duarte
- CIMA, University of Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - G D'Errico
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - F Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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26
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Barhoumi B, Clérandeau C, Gourves PY, Le Menach K, El Megdiche Y, Peluhet L, Budzinski H, Baudrimont M, Driss MR, Cachot J. Pollution biomonitoring in the Bizerte lagoon (Tunisia), using combined chemical and biomarker analyses in grass goby, Zosterisessor ophiocephalus (Teleostei, Gobiidae). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 101:184-195. [PMID: 25106667 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, biological responses and contaminant levels in biological tissues were investigated in grass goby fish specimens (Zosterisessor ophiocephalus) collected from five stations in a moderately polluted ecosystem, namely the Bizerte lagoon on the north coast of Tunisia. The following biomarkers were measured: muscular acetylcholinesterase (AChE), hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), lipoperoxidation (TBARS), condition factor (CF), and hepatosomatic index (HSI). These measurements were taken in parallel with the content of Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace metals (As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, V, Zn, Ag, Cd, Co and Ni) in muscle tissue. Total PAH concentrations ranged from 20.09 ± 0.68 to 105.77 ± 42.58 ng g(-1) dw, PCB from 33.19 ± 6.25 to 126.28 ± 7.37 ng g(-1) dw, OCP from 11.26 ± 1.62 to 19.17 ± 2.06 ng g(-1) dw, and metals from 107.83 ± 1.83 to 187.21 ± 2.00 mg/kg dw. The highest levels of pollutants and biomarkers were observed at station S1, located in the Bizerte channel. Elevated EROD, GST and CAT activities, as well as TBARS levels in liver were positively correlated with tissue contaminant levels at station S1. Significant negative correlations were also found between hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) body burden with AChE activity in muscle at station S2. The integration of biological responses and contaminant tissue content indicated that certain areas of the Bizerte lagoon, notably station S1, are significantly impacted by various human activities, which likely represent a threat for aquatic wildlife. On the basis of these results, and due to its ecological characteristics, the grass goby appears a suitable indicator species for pollution biomonitoring in coastal marine areas along the Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badreddine Barhoumi
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry (05/UR/12-03), University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia; University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Christelle Clérandeau
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Gourves
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Yassine El Megdiche
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry (05/UR/12-03), University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Laurent Peluhet
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Magalie Baudrimont
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Ridha Driss
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry (05/UR/12-03), University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France.
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27
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Siscar R, Torreblanca A, del Ramo J, Solé M. Modulation of metallothionein and metal partitioning in liver and kidney of Solea senegalensis after long-term acclimation to two environmental temperatures. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 132:197-205. [PMID: 24813577 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Juveniles of Solea senegalensis were fed with commercial pellets under controlled conditions at two environmental Mediterranean temperatures (15 and 20°C) for two months. After this period, the accumulation of essential and non-essential metals and metallothionein (MT) levels was measured in liver and kidney by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and pulse polarography, respectively. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for selected metals in both tissues was calculated in relation to levels present in the feed. Tissue partitioning (liver/kidney) and molar ratios, considering the metal protective mechanisms: MT and Selenium (Se), were included for evaluating the detoxification capacity of each tissue. Ag, Cd, Cu and Mn were preferentially accumulated in the liver whereas Co, Fe, Hg, Se and Zn were found in larger concentrations in the kidney, and higher temperature enhanced the accumulation of some of them, but not all. MT content in liver, but not in kidney, was also influenced by temperature changes and by length of exposure. The BAF revealed that Cu was taken up mainly by the liver whereas Se was efficiently taken up by both tissues. The high molar ratios of MT and most metals denoted the kidney's remarkable spare capacity for metal detoxification through MT binding. Moreover, the potential protective role of Se was also more evident in kidney as a higher Se:Cd and Se:Ag molar ratios were reached in this organ. In contrast to other fish, the storage of Cd in kidney was particularly low.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Siscar
- Departamento Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - A Torreblanca
- Departamento Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - J del Ramo
- Departamento Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - M Solé
- Institut de Ciencies del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
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28
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Yang J, Li H, Ran Y, Chan K. Distribution and bioconcentration of endocrine disrupting chemicals in surface water and fish bile of the Pearl River Delta, South China. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 107:439-446. [PMID: 24582358 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The distribution and bioconcentration of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in water, algae, and wild carp bile of the Pearl River Delta (PRD), South China were investigated. 4-tert octylphenol (OP), 4-nonylphenol (NP), and bisphenol A (BPA) (unit, ng L(-1)) in water were in the ranges of 1-14, 117-865, and 4-377, those (ng g(-1) dry weight) in algae were in the ranges of 2-13, 53-282, and 16-94, and those (ng g(-1)) in carp bile were in the ranges of 14-39, 950-4648, 70-1020, respectively. Estrone (E1) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in water ranged from <LOQ to 1.58 ng L(-1) and from <LOQ to 3.43 ng L(-1), respectively. In bile and algae, E1 ranged from nd to 30 ng g(-1), but EE2 was not detected. The E2 activity equivalents (EEQs) ranged from 1.20 to 10.97 ng g(-1) in carp bile and from 0.07 to 8.06 ng L(-1) in water. The EEQs in carp bile were significantly related to those in water, illustrating that occurrence of EDCs in carp bile can reflect that in ambient water in the PRD region. The bioconcentration factors (BCF, L kg(-1)) of OP, NP, BPA, and E1 in algae were in the ranges of 482-7251, 131-740, 2846-12979, and undetectable, respectively, and those in carp bile were in the ranges of 1500-12960, 1648-11137, 3583-14178, and 13208-39623, respectively. The phenolic EDCs can be accumulated by wild carp bile and algae in the investigated aquatic ecosystems, which is also affected by the degree of the eutrophication. This study for the first time reported EDCs in carp bile and algae collected from the PRD, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Kingming Chan
- Environmental Science Program, School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong
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29
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Adamusova H, Bosakova Z, Coufal P, Pacakova V. Analysis of estrogens and estrogen mimics in edible matrices--a review. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:885-905. [PMID: 24488827 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a brief survey of the biological effects of selected endocrine-disrupting compounds that are formed after internal exposure of organisms. Further, the present analytical methods available for the determination of these compounds in foodstuffs are critically evaluated. The attention is primarily devoted to the methods for sample pretreatment, which are the main source of errors and are usually the most time-consuming step of the whole analysis. This review is focused on selected natural and synthetic estrogens, estrogen conjugates, and chemical additives used in the plastic industry that can act as estrogen mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Adamusova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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30
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Kalantzi I, Black KD, Pergantis SA, Shimmield TM, Papageorgiou N, Sevastou K, Karakassis I. Metals and other elements in tissues of wild fish from fish farms and comparison with farmed species in sites with oxic and anoxic sediments. Food Chem 2013; 141:680-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Guardiola FA, Gónzalez-Párraga MP, Cuesta A, Meseguer J, Martínez S, Martínez-Sánchez MJ, Pérez-Sirvent C, Esteban MA. Immunotoxicological effects of inorganic arsenic on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 134-135:112-119. [PMID: 23603147 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) has been associated with multitude of animal and human health problems; however, its impact on host immune system has not been extensively investigated. In fish, there are very few works on the potential risks or problems associated to the presence of arsenic. In the present study we have evaluated the effects of exposure (30 days) to sub-lethal concentrations of arsenic (5 μM As₂O₃) in the teleost fish gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), with special emphasis in the innate immune response. The arsenic concentration was determined using atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) in liver and muscle of exposed fish showing As accumulation in the liver after 30 days of exposure. The hepatosomatic index was increased at significant extent after 10 days but returned to control values after 30 days of exposure. Histological alterations in the liver were observed including hypertrophy, vacuolization and cell-death processes. Focusing on the immunological response, the humoral immune parameters (seric IgM, complement and peroxidase activities) were no affected to a statistically significant extent. Regarding the cellular innate parameters, head-kidney leucocyte peroxidase, respiratory burst and phagocytic activities were significantly increased after 10 days of exposition compared to the control fish. Overall, As-exposure in the seabream affects the immune system. How this might interfere with fish biology, aquaculture management or human consumers warrants further investigations. This paper describes, for the first time, the immunotoxicological effects of arsenic exposure in the gilthead seabream, which is a species with the largest production in Mediterranean aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Guardiola
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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32
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Analysis of synthetic endocrine-disrupting chemicals in food: A review. Talanta 2012; 100:90-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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33
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Shariati F, Shariati S. Review on methods for determination of metallothioneins in aquatic organisms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 141:340-66. [PMID: 20607442 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-010-8740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
One aspect of environmental degradation in coastal areas is pollution from toxic metals, which are persistent and are bioaccumulated by marine organisms, with serious public health implications. A conventional monitoring system of environmental metal pollution includes measuring the level of selected metals in the whole organism or in respective organs. However, measuring only the metal content in particular organs does not give information about its effect at the subcellular level. Therefore, the evaluation of biochemical biomarker metallothionein may be useful in assessing metal exposure and the prediction of potential detrimental effects induced by metal contamination. There are some methods for the determination of metallothioneins including spectrophotometric method, electrochemical methods, chromatography, saturation-based methods, immunological methods, electrophoresis, and RT-PCR. In this paper, different methods are discussed briefly and the comparison between them will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shariati
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University (Lahijan Branch), Lahijan, Iran.
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34
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Spearow JL, Kota RS, Ostrach DJ. Environmental contaminant effects on juvenile striped bass in the San Francisco Estuary, California, USA. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2011; 30:393-402. [PMID: 21038432 DOI: 10.1002/etc.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The decline of pelagic organisms in the San Francisco Estuary (SFE) (California, USA) is attributed to several factors, including water diversions, invasive species, and exposure to environmental toxicants. The present study evaluated the effects of environmental contaminants on liver vitellogenin, metallothionein, 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), and benzyloxyresorufin O-deethylase (BROD) activity in juvenile striped bass (Morone saxitilis) in the SFE. Analysis of juvenile striped bass liver extracts revealed site-specific elevations of vitellogenin, metallothionein, and EROD biomarkers across the estuary. Although some striped bass in the estuary showed EROD activity similar to unhandled hatchery controls, several sites in the estuary showed significantly higher EROD activity that was in the range of beta-naphthoflavone (BNF)-injected, positive controls. Overall, EROD activity averaged 283% higher in estuary fish than in hatchery controls. Chemical analyses of extracts from semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) deployed in the estuary for one month showed elevated polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels. Semipermeable membrane devices extract injections-induced metallothionein and BROD in striped bass livers. These data show that environmental exposures are impacting EROD and other biomarkers in the SFE striped bass population. Previous studies in our laboratory have associated poor larval development with maternal transfer of environmental contaminants. Further studies are needed to monitor contaminant exposures by the use of biomarkers and to integrate them into a more effective pelagic species recovery plan in the SFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy L Spearow
- Pathobiology, Conservation and Population Biology Laboratory, University of California Davis, California, USA
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35
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Wu XY, Yang YF. Heavy metal (Pb, Co, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) concentrations in harvest-size white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei tissues from aquaculture and wild source. J Food Compost Anal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2010.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Beyer J, Jonsson G, Porte C, Krahn MM, Ariese F. Analytical methods for determining metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutants in fish bile: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2010; 30:224-44. [PMID: 21787655 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites in bile can serve as a tool for assessing environmental PAH exposure in fish. Biliary PAH metabolite levels can be measured using several analytical methods, including simple fluorescence assays (fixed fluorescence detection or synchronous fluorescence spectrometry); high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-F); gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after deconjugation, extraction and derivatization of the bile sample, and finally by advanced liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) methods. The method alternatives are highly different both with regard to their analytical performance towards different PAH metabolite structures as well as in general technical demands and their suitability for different monitoring strategies. In the present review, the state-of-the-art for these different analytical methods is presented and the advantages and limitations of each approach as well as aspects related to analytical quality control and inter-laboratory comparability of data and availability of certified reference materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonny Beyer
- IRIS - International Research Institute of Stavanger, N-4068 Stavanger, Norway; University of Stavanger, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
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Leonardi M, Vera J, Tarifeño E, Puchi M, Morín V. Vitellogenin of the Chilean flounder Paralichthys adspersus as a biomarker of endocrine disruption along the marine coast of the South Pacific. Part I: induction, purification, and identification. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2010; 36:757-765. [PMID: 19685217 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-009-9350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We sought to provide a useful indicator of the presence of endocrine-disrupting contaminants along the marine coast of the South Pacific using Chilean flounder (Paralichthys adspersus). In light of the lack of information on vitellogenin for this species, we induced, purified, and identified the plasma vitellogenin of Chilean flounder inhabiting the Chilean coast. Vitellogenin (Vg) from Chilean flounder was purified by size exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography using plasma from juvenile males induced by injecting 17beta-estradiol. The Vg was detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analyses using an antibody against turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) vitellogenin. These analyses revealed a protein band of 205 kDa and three minor bands of 120, 90, and 68 kDa. These proteins were identified as Vg by means of mass spectrometry (LCQ Duo ESI-IT-MS), matching sequences of tryptic peptides to known sequences for several other fish species. The matches showed the presence of vitellogenin (VgI, VgII, Vg A and Vg B) in Chilean flounder, similar to species such as mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), and white perch (Morone americana). These results are discussed in terms of identifying Vg in Paralichthys adspersus with the antibody to turbot Vg. Moreover, we compare the molecular size of Vg from Chilean flounder (large) with that of other flatfish species. Finally, we discuss the potential use of this molecule as a biomarker for the presence of xeno-estrogenic compounds along the Chilean coastline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maritza Leonardi
- PIMEX-ARAUCO Program, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Jeanett Vera
- PIMEX-ARAUCO Program, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Eduardo Tarifeño
- PIMEX-ARAUCO Program, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Marcia Puchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Violeta Morín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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Puy-Azurmendi E, Navarro A, Olivares A, Fernandes D, Martínez E, López de Alda M, Porte C, Cajaraville MP, Barceló D, Piña B. Origin and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution in sediment and fish from the biosphere reserve of Urdaibai (Bay of Biscay, Basque country, Spain). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2010; 70:142-149. [PMID: 20452663 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Revised: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The Urdaibai estuary is a UNESCO biosphere reserve impacted by recreational, agricultural and industrial activities. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are major pollutants in Urdaibai, and their control and the identification of their sources is central on the preservation of the area. Chemical analysis by GC-MS showed a significant pollution by PAHs in Urdaibai sediment samples, mainly from pyrolytic sources, with minor contributions from oil spills. Measurement of the dioxin-like activity using a yeast-based bioassay showed an excess of biological activity in sediment samples from the inner part of the estuary. Analysis of PAH metabolites in bile of thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus) showed a large excess of 2-naphthol over 1-naphthol or 1-pyrenol, suggesting a specific contamination in the inner Urdaibai estuary by some industrial process. Therefore, the combination of these three techniques defined different PAH pollution sources in Urdaibai: a major pyrolytic origin, occasional oil spills, and specific industrial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunate Puy-Azurmendi
- Department of Zoology and Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
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Ferreira M, Caetano M, Antunes P, Costa J, Gil O, Bandarra N, Pousão-Ferreira P, Vale C, Reis-Henriques MA. Assessment of contaminants and biomarkers of exposure in wild and farmed seabass. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2010; 73:579-588. [PMID: 20167373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationships between levels of organochlorine compounds (PCBs and DDTs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), metals and biomarkers of exposure (EROD and GST) and oxidative stress biomarkers, in wild and cultured European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Additionally, the fatty acid profile was determined in muscle to assess differences between cultivated and wild specimens of marketable size. Although results pointed to relatively low concentration of contaminants, wild specimens presented enhanced accumulation of metals and cultivated specimens higher levels of organic compounds. Biomarkers were correlated with contaminants in tissues, showing that higher levels can cause effects at the biochemical level. Wild specimens have presented higher content on omega-3 fatty acids in muscle. Besides the useful application of biomarkers in wild species, this study has shown that they can also be applied to monitor biological effects in the fish farming process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ferreira
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental-Laboratório Toxicologia Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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Onsanit S, Ke C, Wang X, Wang KJ, Wang WX. Trace elements in two marine fish cultured in fish cages in Fujian province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2010; 158:1334-1342. [PMID: 20149944 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Two cultured marine fish, the Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus) and red seabream (Pagrus major) were collected from eight fish cage sites along the coast of Fujian province in China. The concentrations of Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, and Zn in their muscle, stomach and liver tissue were quantified. The risk of these trace elements to humans through fish consumption was then assessed. The highest concentrations of As, Cd, Se and Zn in fish feed from fish cages were found in Dongshan Station. Moreover, the As levels in the muscles of both species at all sites were generally higher than China's national standard (>1.0 microg/g). Trace element concentrations in two marine fish followed the order of livers > stomachs > muscles. Although the As levels in two marine caged fish exceeded the permissible standards, the estimated daily intake of As did not exceed the reference dose guideline established by US EPA. For other trace elements examined in this study, their concentrations did not exceed the permissible concentrations of the international standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarayut Onsanit
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Fernandes D, Bebianno MJ, Porte C. Assessing pollutant exposure in cultured and wild sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from the Iberian Peninsula. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2009; 18:1043-1050. [PMID: 19593642 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-009-0368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aquaculture industry is an expanding activity, mainly due to the world population demand of fish. However, intensive production and the use of chemicals have raised environmental concerns and have questioned the quality of cultured fish in comparison to wild fish. Up to date, there is little information regarding pollutant residues in cultured stocks and the risks associated to consumption. Here we summarize recent data on pollutants exposure, together with biochemical responses in both cultured and wild sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from the Iberian Peninsula. The obtained data highlights the use of chemicals in current aquaculture practices as a significant source of pollution in cultured fish that poses a risk to exposed individuals and may negatively impact aquatic ecosystems. Nonetheless, a controlled use of those chemicals and a careful selection of the aquaculture location can ensure relatively low and homogeneous levels of pollutants in cultured fish in comparison to wild specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Fernandes
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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Gao D, Wang GT, Chen XT, Nie P. Metallothionein-2 gene from the mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi: cDNA cloning, tissue expression, and immunohistochemical localization. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2009; 149:18-25. [PMID: 18582600 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Revised: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The metallothionein-2 (MT-2) gene was isolated from the mandarin fish, one of the most important industrial aquatic animals in China, by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The deduced amino acid sequence of MT-2 comprised 60 amino acids and showed approximately 62.3% identity to human metallothionein. Its promoter region was amplified by thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction (TAIL-PCR). The MT-2 gene consists of 3 exons and 2 introns, extending approximately 900 bp of genomic sequence. Phylogenetic analysis clearly demonstrated that MT-2 formed a clade with fish metallothionein. The promoter region contained 5 putative metal-regulatory elements (MREs) and 1 TATA box. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that MT-2 transcripts were significantly increased in the brain and gills and were stable in the muscles, liver, and trunk kidney in Cd(2+)-stimulated fish. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that the protein of the MT-2 gene was expressed mainly in the gills, liver, heart, trunk kidney, muscle, and intestine; it was weakly detected in the brain and head kidney. Moreover, the MT-2 protein was immunohistochemically detected in the cytoplasm in the liver and trunk kidney. All the above results revealed that the mandarin fish MT-2 would be a useful biomarker for metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
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