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Boonhat H, Guo YL, Chan CC, Lin RT. Estimates of the global burden of cancer-related deaths attributable to residential exposure to petrochemical industrial complexes from 2020 to 2040. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:123955. [PMID: 38631450 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The petrochemical industry is a major industrial emitter of greenhouse gas (CO2) and environmental pollution, posing health risks to nearby communities. Although previous studies have indicated that residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes are at a higher risk of cancer, they have focused on local or regional burdens. This study aimed to estimate the global cancer burden attributable to residential exposure to petrochemical industrial complexes. The geographical coordinates of petrochemical plants and oil refineries were retrieved and verified from published sources. The ArcGIS software and global population data were used to estimate the number of people living within specific distances (exposed population). The exposure time window was framed as ranging from 1992 to 2035, extending to the latest period of the exposure time window for all cancer types to estimate the attributable deaths between 2020 and 2040. The relative risk of cancer was estimated from 15 published studies. Population attributable fraction (PAF) method was used to estimate the risk of cancer attributable to residential exposure and calculate the number of cancer-related deaths. Our findings indicate that >300 million people worldwide will be estimated to live near petrochemical industrial complexes by 2040. The overall global burden of cancer-related deaths was 19,083 in 2020, and it is estimated to increase to 27,366 deaths by 2040. The region with the highest attributable cancer deaths due to exposure is the high-income region, which had 10,584 deaths in 2020 and is expected to reach 13,414 deaths by 2040. Residential exposure to petrochemical industrial complexes could contribute to global cancer deaths, even if the proportion is relatively small, and proactive measures are required to mitigate the cancer burdens among these residents. Enforcing emissions regulations, improving monitoring, educating communities, and fostering collaboration are vital to protecting residents' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hathaichon Boonhat
- Graduate Institute of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Yue Leon Guo
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) College of Medicine and NTU Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100025, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Chuan Chan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100025, Taiwan.
| | - Ro-Ting Lin
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
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Nagel G, Chen J, Jaensch A, Skodda L, Rodopoulou S, Strak M, de Hoogh K, Andersen ZJ, Bellander T, Brandt J, Fecht D, Forastiere F, Gulliver J, Hertel O, Hoffmann B, Hvidtfeldt UA, Katsouyanni K, Ketzel M, Leander K, Magnusson PKE, Pershagen G, Rizzuto D, Samoli E, Severi G, Stafoggia M, Tjønneland A, Vermeulen RCH, Wolf K, Zitt E, Brunekreef B, Hoek G, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Weinmayr G. Long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of gastric and the upper aerodigestive tract cancers in a pooled European cohort: The ELAPSE project. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1900-1910. [PMID: 38339851 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution has been shown to significantly impact human health including cancer. Gastric and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers are common and increased risk has been associated with smoking and occupational exposures. However, the association with air pollution remains unclear. We pooled European subcohorts (N = 287,576 participants for gastric and N = 297,406 for UADT analyses) and investigated the association between residential exposure to fine particles (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC) and ozone in the warm season (O3w) with gastric and UADT cancer. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area-level. During 5,305,133 and 5,434,843 person-years, 872 gastric and 1139 UADT incident cancer cases were observed, respectively. For gastric cancer, we found no association with PM2.5, NO2 and BC while for UADT the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.15 (95% CI: 1.00-1.33) per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, 1.19 (1.08-1.30) per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2, 1.14 (1.04-1.26) per 0.5 × 10-5 m-1 increase in BC and 0.81 (0.72-0.92) per 10 μg/m3 increase in O3w. We found no association between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and incidence of gastric cancer, while for long-term exposure to PM2.5, NO2 and BC increased incidence of UADT cancer was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Jaensch
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lea Skodda
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sophia Rodopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maciej Strak
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zorana J Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom Bellander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
- iClimate - Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Daniela Fecht
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
- Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - John Gulliver
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability & School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Ole Hertel
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Emanuel Zitt
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine (aks), Bregenz, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, LKH Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Rajagopalan S, Ramaswami A, Bhatnagar A, Brook RD, Fenton M, Gardner C, Neff R, Russell AG, Seto KC, Whitsel LP. Toward Heart-Healthy and Sustainable Cities: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2024; 149:e1067-e1089. [PMID: 38436070 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Nearly 56% of the global population lives in cities, with this number expected to increase to 6.6 billion or >70% of the world's population by 2050. Given that cardiometabolic diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in people living in urban areas, transforming cities and urban provisioning systems (or urban systems) toward health, equity, and economic productivity can enable the dual attainment of climate and health goals. Seven urban provisioning systems that provide food, energy, mobility-connectivity, housing, green infrastructure, water management, and waste management lie at the core of human health, well-being, and sustainability. These provisioning systems transcend city boundaries (eg, demand for food, water, or energy is met by transboundary supply); thus, transforming the entire system is a larger construct than local urban environments. Poorly designed urban provisioning systems are starkly evident worldwide, resulting in unprecedented exposures to adverse cardiometabolic risk factors, including limited physical activity, lack of access to heart-healthy diets, and reduced access to greenery and beneficial social interactions. Transforming urban systems with a cardiometabolic health-first approach could be accomplished through integrated spatial planning, along with addressing current gaps in key urban provisioning systems. Such an approach will help mitigate undesirable environmental exposures and improve cardiovascular and metabolic health while improving planetary health. The purposes of this American Heart Association policy statement are to present a conceptual framework, summarize the evidence base, and outline policy principles for transforming key urban provisioning systems to heart-health and sustainability outcomes.
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Ramamoorthy T, Nath A, Singh S, Mathew S, Pant A, Sheela S, Kaur G, Sathishkumar K, Mathur P. Assessing the Global Impact of Ambient Air Pollution on Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300427. [PMID: 38513187 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to examine the association between exposure to major ambient air pollutants and the incidence and mortality of lung cancer and some nonlung cancers. METHODS This meta-analysis used PubMed and EMBASE databases to access published studies that met the eligibility criteria. Primary analysis investigated the association between exposure to air pollutants and cancer incidence and mortality. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was conducted using R software. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 61 studies, of which 53 were cohort studies and eight were case-control studies. Particulate matter 2.5 mm or less in diameter (PM2.5) was the exposure pollutant in half (55.5%), and lung cancer was the most frequently studied cancer in 59% of the studies. A pooled analysis of exposure reported in cohort and case-control studies and cancer incidence demonstrated a significant relationship (relative risk [RR], 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.05]; I2, 88.93%; P < .05). A significant association was observed between exposure to pollutants such as PM2.5 (RR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.04 to 1.12]; I2, 68.52%) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (RR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05]; I2, 73.52%) and lung cancer incidence. The relationship between exposure to the air pollutants and cancer mortality demonstrated a significant relationship (RR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.10]; I2, 94.77%; P < .001). Among the four pollutants, PM2.5 (RR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.08 to 1.22]; I2, 95.33%) and NO2 (RR, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.08]; I2, 89.98%) were associated with lung cancer mortality. CONCLUSION The study confirms the association between air pollution exposure and lung cancer incidence and mortality. The meta-analysis results could contribute to community cancer prevention and diagnosis and help inform stakeholders and policymakers in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anita Nath
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shubhra Singh
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Stany Mathew
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Apourv Pant
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Samvedana Sheela
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
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Bustaffa E, Mangia C, Cori L, Bianchi F, Cervino M, Minichilli F. Cardiorespiratory diseases in an industrialized area: a retrospective population-based cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2031. [PMID: 37853368 PMCID: PMC10585785 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16925-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atmospheric pollution has been recognized as the greatest environmental threat to human health. The population of the Venafro Valley, southern Italy, is exposed to emissions from a Waste-To-Energy (WTE) and a cement plant and potentially also to another WTE located in the neighboring region of Lazio; also, the vehicular atmospheric pollution situation is critical. In order to assess the environmental health risk of residents in eight municipalities of the Venafro Valley, a retrospective residential cohort study during 2006-2019 was carried out. METHODS Four exposure classes were defined by natural-break method, using a dispersion map of nitrogen dioxides (chosen as proxy of industrial pollution). The association between the industrial pollution and cause-specific mortality/morbidity of the cohort was calculated using the Hazard Ratio (HR) through a multiple time-dependent and sex-specific Cox regression adjusting for age, proximity to main roads and socio-economic deprivation index. RESULTS Results showed, for both sexes, mortality and morbidity excesses in the most exposed class for diseases of the circulatory system and some signals for respiratory diseases. Particularly, mortality excesses in both sexes in class 3 for diseases of the circulatory system [men: HR = 1.37 (1.04-1.79); women: HR = 1.27 (1.01-1.60)] and for cerebrovascular diseases [men: HR = 2.50 (1.44-4.35); women: HR = 1.41 (0.92-2.17)] were observed and confirmed by morbidity analyses. Mortality excesses for heart diseases for both sexes [men-class 3: HR = 1.32 (0.93-1.87); men-class 4: HR = 1.95 (0.99-3.85); women-class 3: HR = 1.49 (1.10-2.04)] and for acute respiratory diseases among women [HR = 2.31 (0.67-8.00)] were observed. Morbidity excesses in both sexes for ischemic heart diseases [men-class 3: HR = 1.24 (0.96-1.61); women-class 4: HR = 2.04 (1.04-4.02)] and in class 4 only among men for respiratory diseases [HR = 1.43 (0.88-2.31)] were also found. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides several not-negligible signals indicating mitigation actions and deserve further investigations. For future studies, the authors recommend enriching the exposure and lifestyle profile using tools such as questionnaires and human biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bustaffa
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Cristina Mangia
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, Strada Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni Km 1,200, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Liliana Cori
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Marco Cervino
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Minichilli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy.
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Hu J, Yu L, Yang Z, Qiu J, Li J, Shen P, Lin H, Shui L, Tang M, Jin M, Chen K, Wang J. Long-Term Exposure to PM 2.5 and Mortality: A Cohort Study in China. TOXICS 2023; 11:727. [PMID: 37755738 PMCID: PMC10534778 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the association of long-term exposure to atmospheric PM2.5 with non-accidental and cause-specific mortality in Yinzhou, China. From July 2015 to January 2018, a total of 29,564 individuals aged ≥ 40 years in Yinzhou were recruited for a prospective cohort study. We used the Cox proportional-hazards model to analyze the relationship of the 2-year average concentration of PM2.5 prior to the baseline with non-accidental and cause-specific mortality. The median PM2.5 concentration was 36.51 μg/m3 (range: 25.57-45.40 μg/m3). In model 4, the hazard ratios per 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 were 1.25 (95%CI: 1.04-1.50) for non-accidental mortality and 1.38 (95%CI:1.02-1.86) for cardiovascular disease mortality. We observed no associations between PM2.5 and deaths from respiratory disease or cancer. In the subgroup analysis, interactions were observed between PM2.5 and age, as well as preventive measures on hazy days. The observed association between long-term exposure to atmospheric PM2.5 at a relatively moderate concentration and the risk of non-accidental and cardiovascular disease mortality among middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults could provide evidence for government decision-makers to revise environmental policies towards a more stringent standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Hu
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Luhua Yu
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zongming Yang
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Qiu
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Peng Shen
- Department of Chronic Disease and Health Promotion, Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Hongbo Lin
- Department of Chronic Disease and Health Promotion, Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Liming Shui
- Yinzhou District Health Bureau of Ningbo, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Mengling Tang
- Department of Public Health, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingjuan Jin
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Hu M, Jiang C, Meng R, Luo Y, Wang Y, Huang M, Li F, Ma H. Effect of air pollution on the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer in China: a panel data regression analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:82031-82044. [PMID: 37318726 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The association between the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer in Chinese women and air pollution is obscure. The study aims to analyze the correlation between air pollution and the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer, and whether the gross domestic product (GDP) has a modifying effect on the impact of air pollution on the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer. Extracting panel data from 31 provinces and cities between 2006 and 2020, we evaluated the association between breast and cervical cancer prevalence and pollutant emissions from 2006 to 2015 with two-way fixed-effect models. We also analyzed the interaction between GDP and pollutant emissions and further check the robustness of the moderating effect results using group regression from 2016 to 2020. Cluster robust standard errors were used to correct for the heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation. The coefficients of models show that the coefficients of logarithmic soot and dust emissions are estimated to be significantly positive, and the coefficients of their square terms are significantly negative. The robust results suggest that the relationship between soot and dust emissions and breast or cervical cancer prevalence is non-linear, from 2006 to 2015. In the analysis of particulate matter (PM) data in 2016-2020, the PM-GDP interaction term was also significantly negative, indicating that GDP growth weakened the effect of PM on the prevalence of breast cancer and cervical cancer. In provinces with higher GDP, the indirect effect of PM emissions concerning breast cancer is -0.396 while in provinces with lower GDP, it is about -0.215. The corresponding coefficient concerning cervical cancer is about -0.209 in provinces with higher GDP but not significant in provinces with lower GDP. Our results suggest that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the prevalence of breast cancer and cervical cancer and air pollutants from 2006 to 2015. GDP growth has a significant negative moderating effect on the impact of air pollutants on the prevalence of breast cancer and cervical cancer. PM emissions have a higher effect on the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer in provinces with higher GDP and a lower impact in provinces with lower GDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Hu
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, 311121, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, 311121, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Runtang Meng
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, 311121, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yingxian Luo
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, 311121, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, 311121, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mengyi Huang
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, 311121, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fudong Li
- Department of Public Health Surveillance & Advisory, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xincheng Road, Binjiang District, 310051, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, 311121, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Jiménez T, Pollán M, Domínguez-Castillo A, Lucas P, Sierra MÁ, Castelló A, Fernández de Larrea-Baz N, Lora-Pablos D, Salas-Trejo D, Llobet R, Martínez I, Pino MN, Martínez-Cortés M, Pérez-Gómez B, Lope V, García-Pérez J. Mammographic density in the environs of multiple industrial sources. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162768. [PMID: 36907418 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammographic density (MD), defined as the percentage of dense fibroglandular tissue in the breast, is a modifiable marker of the risk of developing breast cancer. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of residential proximity to an increasing number of industrial sources in MD. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1225 premenopausal women participating in the DDM-Madrid study. We calculated distances between women's houses and industries. The association between MD and proximity to an increasing number of industrial facilities and industrial clusters was explored using multiple linear regression models. RESULTS We found a positive linear trend between MD and proximity to an increasing number of industrial sources for all industries, at distances of 1.5 km (p-trend = 0.055) and 2 km (p-trend = 0.083). Moreover, 62 specific industrial clusters were analyzed, highlighting the significant associations found between MD and proximity to the following 6 industrial clusters: cluster 10 and women living at ≤1.5 km (β = 10.78, 95 % confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.59; 19.97) and at ≤2 km (β = 7.96, 95%CI = 0.21; 15.70); cluster 18 and women residing at ≤3 km (β = 8.48, 95%CI = 0.01; 16.96); cluster 19 and women living at ≤3 km (β = 15.72, 95%CI = 1.96; 29.49); cluster 20 and women living at ≤3 km (β = 16.95, 95%CI = 2.90; 31.00); cluster 48 and women residing at ≤3 km (β = 15.86, 95%CI = 3.95; 27.77); and cluster 52 and women living at ≤2.5 km (β = 11.09, 95%CI = 0.12; 22.05). These clusters include the following industrial activities: surface treatment of metals/plastic, surface treatment using organic solvents, production/processing of metals, recycling of animal waste, hazardous waste, urban waste-water treatment plants, inorganic chemical industry, cement and lime, galvanization, and food/beverage sector. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that women living in the proximity to an increasing number of industrial sources and those near certain types of industrial clusters have higher MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Jiménez
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Alejandro Domínguez-Castillo
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pilar Lucas
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Ángeles Sierra
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Adela Castelló
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - David Lora-Pablos
- Scientific Support Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain; Spanish Clinical Research Network (SCReN), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Statistical Studies, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Dolores Salas-Trejo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain; Valencian Breast Cancer Screening Program, General Directorate of Public Health, Valencia, Spain; Center for Public Health Research CSISP, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Rafael Llobet
- Institute of Computer Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Martínez
- Valencian Breast Cancer Screening Program, General Directorate of Public Health, Valencia, Spain; Center for Public Health Research CSISP, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Marina Nieves Pino
- Servicio de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, Madrid Salud, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Martínez-Cortés
- Servicio de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, Madrid Salud, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Virgina Lope
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
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Jiang H, Suo H, Gao L, Liu Y, Chen B, Lu S, Jin F, Cao Y. Metformin plays an antitumor role by downregulating inhibitory cells and immune checkpoint molecules while activating protective immune responses in breast cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110038. [PMID: 36996738 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This study seeks to test the effect of metformin treatment on the outcomes of breast cancer in BALB/c mice bearing 4 T1 breast cancer cells. The survival rate and tumor size of mice were compared, as well as evaluation of the changes of immune cells in spleens and the microenvironment of tumors using flow cytometry and ELISA. Our results demonstrate that metformin prolongs mouse survival. A significant decrease in M2-like macrophages (F4/80+CD206+) was found in mice spleen treated with metformin. The treatment also inhibited monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs, CD11b+Gr-1+) and regulatory T cells (Tregs, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+). Metformin treatment resulted in an increase in the level of IFN-γ and a decrease in IL-10. Expression of the immune checkpoint molecule PD-1 on T cells was inhibited following treatment. Metformin enhances local antitumor activity in the tumor microenvironment, and our data supports the drug as a candidate for evaluation in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Boonhat H, Lin RT, Lin JT. Association between residential exposure to petrochemical industrial complexes and pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:116-127. [PMID: 34930088 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.2007226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Increased in the global demand-expansion of the petrochemical industry is a possible environmental risk factor pancreatic cancer among residents living close to petrochemical complexes. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled risk of pancreatic cancer among residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes. We systematically searched and reviewed published studies in six databases based on the inclusion criteria derived from the population, exposure, comparator, and outcomes framework (population: general population; exposure: residence near petrochemical industrial complexes/living in cities with petrochemical industrial complexes; comparators: residents living farther away from petrochemical industrial complexes/living in cities without petrochemical industrial complexes; outcome: pancreatic cancer). We identified seven studies, covering 1,605,568 residents. Pooled analysis showed a significantly higher risk of pancreatic cancer among residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes (relative risk [RR] = 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21-1.42) than those living farther away from petrochemical industrial complexes. Such effect was higher in female residents (RR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.18-1.53) than in male residents (RR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.12-1.41). This study suggests that exposure to petrochemical industry-related activities should be recognized as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer among residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hathaichon Boonhat
- Graduate Institute of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ro-Ting Lin
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Town Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Digestive Medicine Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung Taiwan
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Sifaki-Pistolla D, Chatzea VE, Mechili EA, Koinis F, Georgoulias V, Lionis C, Tzanakis N. Spatio-Temporal Variation of Lung Cancer in Crete, 1992-2013. Economic or Health Crisis? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12161. [PMID: 36231462 PMCID: PMC9565984 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: This is the first population-based study in Greece, with the aim to measure the changing trends of lung cancer (LC) and the associated risk factors before and after the economic crisis. Among the main objectives were the identification of LC hot spots and high-risk areas; (2) Methods: The study was conducted in Crete, the biggest island in Greece. Data (5057 LC cases) were collected from the Cancer Registry of Crete (CRC). The age-standardized incidence and mortality rates (ASIR, ASMR/100,000/year) were estimated, while additional indexes were used, including the adjusted Charlson's comorbidity index (CCI%), the deprivation index (HPI-2), and the exposure to outdoor air pollution (OAP). The analysis was performed for two time periods (Period A: 1992-2008; Period B: 2009-2013); (3) Results: ASIR presented a significant increase during the economic crisis, while an even higher increase was observed in ASMR (Period A: ASMR = 30.5/100,000/year; Period B: ASMR = 43.8/100,000/year; p < 0.001). After 2009, a significant increase in the observed LC hot spots was identified in several sub-regions in Crete (p = 0.04). The risk of LC mortality increased even more for smokers (RR = 5.7; 95%CI = 5.2-6.3) and those living in highly deprived geographical regions (RR = 5.4; 95%CI = 5.1-5.8) during the austerity period. The multiple effect of LC predictors resulted in adjusted RRs ranging from 0.7 to 5.7 within the island (p < 0.05); (4) Conclusions: The increased LC burden after the onset of the economic crisis, along with a changing pattern of LC predictors stressed the urgent need of geographically oriented interventions and cancer control programs focusing on the most deprived or vulnerable population groups.
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Baek K, Park JT, Kwak K. Systematic review and meta-analysis of cancer risks in relation to environmental waste incinerator emissions: a meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies. Epidemiol Health 2022; 44:e2022070. [PMID: 36097807 PMCID: PMC9849852 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2022070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Various toxic substances can be generated from incinerators, exposing nearby residents, and epidemiological studies have shown wide variations in risk estimates for cancer risk in populations living close to incinerators. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a literature search and systematic review were conducted to identify studies conducted on general populations exposed to environmental incinerator emissions and cancer outcomes. Meta-analysis was performed according to the cancer types for which 2 or more studies were reported. Subgroup analysis was done for sex, the exposure estimation method, the study period, and the type of outcome. RESULTS Eleven studies were found for the qualitative review and meta-analysis. Seven studies had a case-control design, and 4 had a cohort design. The pooled effect size was not significant for breast, colorectal, liver, lung, lymphohematopoietic, stomach, bladder, central nervous system, and laryngeal cancers, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, sarcoma, leukemia, and all cancers. In the subgroup analysis, the pooled effect size of laryngeal cancer in females was 1.82 (95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 3.01), although only 2 studies were identified. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis did not provide evidence of an increased risk for any cancer among populations living near waste incinerators, except for laryngeal cancer in females. However, since relatively few studies were reviewed and some cancer types showed significant increases in individual studies, this evidence needs to be updated regularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiook Baek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Kyeongmin Kwak
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea,Correspondence: Kyeongmin Kwak Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123 Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan 15355, Korea E-mail:
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Hoang AN, Pham TTK, Mai DTT, Nguyen T, Tran PTM. Health risks and perceptions of residents exposed to multiple sources of air pollutions: A cross-sectional study on landfill and stone mining in Danang city, Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113244. [PMID: 35398085 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Health risks and perceptions of residents living nearby landfills or stone mines/quarries have been well documented; however, the multiple impacts of these two pollution sources have yet to be investigated. This study aims at giving insights into the impacts of residents exposed to two pollution sources in Danang city, Vietnam: Khanh Son landfill and Phuoc Tuong quarry. In this cross-sectional study, 7-point-Likert scale questionnaires were used to collect information from 314 respondents which were divided into three groups: i) Landfill-Stone mine (LS) exposed group within 1 km from both sources, ii) Stone mine (ST) exposed group within 1 km from the stone mine, and iii) the far-exposed group about 2-3 km from the two emission sites. Air pollutants (including H2S, CH4, and total suspended particles (TSP)) and noise levels were also sampled. In addition, we estimated the potential health risk assessment due to the exposure to hydrogen sulphide in the study areas. The findings have shown that 1) There is a statistical difference (p-value < 0.001) between the two exposed groups and far-exposed group regarding health risks and residents' perceptions; 2) Compared to the ST exposed group, the LS exposed group statistically showed a higher perception to bad odours and skin diseases; lower satisfaction with regards to the personal health condition and the operation of the landfill; and higher willingness to change current living locations; and 3) There is evidence to indicate that elevated concentrations of air pollutants are associated with the high self-reported health risks and residents' perceptions. Urgent actions should be focused on the LS exposed group, landfill and quarry operations to prevent further adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Ngoc Hoang
- The University of Danang - University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang Str., Danang City, Viet Nam
| | - Thoa Thi Kim Pham
- The University of Danang - University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang Str., Danang City, Viet Nam
| | - Duong Thi Thuy Mai
- The University of Danang - University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang Str., Danang City, Viet Nam
| | - Teron Nguyen
- The University of Danang - University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang Str., Danang City, Viet Nam
| | - Phuong Thi Minh Tran
- The University of Danang - University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang Str., Danang City, Viet Nam.
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Bustaffa E, Curzio O, Donzelli G, Gorini F, Linzalone N, Redini M, Bianchi F, Minichilli F. Risk Associations between Vehicular Traffic Noise Exposure and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Residential Retrospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610034. [PMID: 36011669 PMCID: PMC9408081 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Environmental noise can induce detrimental health effects such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). The relationship between vehicular traffic noise pollution and CVD was investigated through a retrospective residential cohort study in the city of Pisa. Four exposure classes were defined for noise pollution, using noise propagation maps. The association between noise exposures and cause-specific mortality or hospitalization of the subjects of the cohort was calculated using the hazard ratio (HR) for night and day through a multiple time-dependent and sex-specific Cox regression adjusting for age, the socio-economic deprivation index, and traffic air pollution. Mortality excess for CVD and risk trends for a 1 decibel noise increment were observed among the most exposed women (mortality: HRnightclass4 1.15 (1.03-1.28); Trendnight 1.007 (1.002-1.012); HRdayclass4 1.14 (1.02-1.27); Trendday 1.008 (1.003-1.013)), particularly for ischaemic disease (mortality: Trendnight 1.008 (0.999-1.017); Trendday 1.009 (0.999-1.018)) and cerebrovascular disease (mortality: HRnightclass3 1.23 (1.02-1.48), HRdayclass3 1.24 (1.03-1.49)). Hospitalization analyses confirm mortality results. A decreased risk for hospitalization was also observed among the most exposed men (HRdayclass4 0.94 (0.88-1.01), particularly for ischaemic disease (HRnightclass4 0.90 (0.80-1.02); HRdayclass4 0.86 (0.77-0.97)) and cerebrovascular disease (HRnightclass4 0.89 (0.78-1.01)). Authors recommend the adoption of prevention measures aimed at mitigating noise and the activation of a monitoring of the risk profile in the Pisa population updating both the residential cohort and health data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bustaffa
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Olivia Curzio
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Donzelli
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Biocomplexity Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Gorini
- Unit of Epidemiology of Rare Diseases and Congenital Anomalies, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nunzia Linzalone
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Biocomplexity Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Redini
- Municipality of Pisa, Via degli Uffizi 1, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Minichilli
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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An Evaluation of Risk Ratios on Physical and Mental Health Correlations due to Increases in Ambient Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) Concentrations. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13060967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are gaseous pollutants contributing to pollution in their primary form and are also involved in reactions forming ground-level ozone and fine particulate matter. Thus, NOx is of great interest for targeted pollution reduction because of this cascade effect. Primary emissions originate from fossil fuel combustion making NOx a common outdoor and indoor air pollutant. Numerous studies documenting the observed physical health impacts of NOx were reviewed and, where available, were summarized using risk ratios. More recently, the literature has shifted to focus on the mental health implications of NOx exposure, and a review of the current literature found five main categories of mental health-related conditions with respect to NOx exposure: common mental health disorders, sleep, anxiety, depression, and suicide. All the physical and mental health effects with available risk ratios were organized in order of increasing risk. Mental health concerns emerged as those most influenced by NOx exposure, with physical health impacts, such as asthma, only beginning to surface as the fourth highest risk. Mental health conditions occupied seven of the top ten highest risk health ailments. The results summarized in this narrative review show that there are clear positive correlations between NOx and negative physical and mental health manifestations, thus strengthening the argument in support of the reduction in ambient NOx levels.
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Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and bladder cancer incidence in a pooled European cohort: the ELAPSE project. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:1499-1507. [PMID: 35173304 PMCID: PMC9090745 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence linking ambient air pollution to bladder cancer is limited and mixed. METHODS We assessed the associations of bladder cancer incidence with residential exposure to fine particles (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC), warm season ozone (O3) and eight PM2.5 elemental components (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, and zinc) in a pooled cohort (N = 302,493). Exposures were primarily assessed based on 2010 measurements and back-extrapolated to the baseline years. We applied Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for individual- and area-level potential confounders. RESULTS During an average of 18.2 years follow-up, 967 bladder cancer cases occurred. We observed a positive though statistically non-significant association between PM2.5 and bladder cancer incidence. Hazard Ratios (HR) were 1.09 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-1.27) per 5 µg/m3 for 2010 exposure and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.99-1.14) for baseline exposure. Effect estimates for NO2, BC and O3 were close to unity. A positive association was observed with PM2.5 zinc (HR 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00-1.16 per 10 ng/m3). CONCLUSIONS We found suggestive evidence of an association between long-term PM2.5 mass exposure and bladder cancer, strengthening the evidence from the few previous studies. The association with zinc in PM2.5 suggests the importance of industrial emissions.
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Brain Drain out of the Blue: Pollution-Induced Migration in Vietnam. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063645. [PMID: 35329332 PMCID: PMC8955657 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a major problem that severely affects the health of inhabitants in developing countries’ urban areas. To deal with the problem, they may consider migration to another place as an option, which can result in the loss of skillful and talented workforces. This situation is called the brain drain phenomenon. The current study employed the Bayesian mindsponge framework (BMF) on the responses of 475 urban inhabitants in Hanoi, Vietnam—one of the most polluted capital cities in the world—to examine the risk of losing talented workforces due to air pollution. Our results show that people with higher educational levels are more likely to have intentions to migrate both domestically and internationally due to air pollution. Regarding the domestic migration intention, younger people and males have a higher probability of migrating than their counterparts. Age and gender also moderate the association between educational level and international migration intention, but their reliability needs further justification. Based on these findings, we suggest that environmental stressors caused by air pollution can influence citizen displacement intention on a large scale through the personal psychological mechanism of cost-benefit judgment. Due to the risk of air pollution on human resources, building an eco-surplus culture is crucial for enhancing environmental and socio-economic resilience.
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Pritchett N, Spangler EC, Gray GM, Livinski AA, Sampson JN, Dawsey SM, Jones RR. Exposure to Outdoor Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:36001. [PMID: 35234536 PMCID: PMC8890324 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor air pollution is a known lung carcinogen, but research investigating the association between particulate matter (PM) and gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is limited. OBJECTIVES We sought to review the epidemiologic literature on outdoor PM and GI cancers and to put the body of studies into context regarding potential for bias and overall strength of evidence. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies that evaluated the association of fine PM [PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5μm (PM2.5)] and PM10 (aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm) with GI cancer incidence or mortality in adults. We searched five databases for original research published from 1980 to 2021 in English and summarized findings for studies employing a quantitative estimate of exposure overall and by specific GI cancer subtypes. We evaluated the risk of bias of individual studies and the overall quality and strength of the evidence according to the Navigation Guide methodology, which is tailored for environmental health research. RESULTS Twenty studies met inclusion criteria and included participants from 14 countries; nearly all were of cohort design. All studies identified positive associations between PM exposure and risk of at least one GI cancer, although in 3 studies these relationships were not statistically significant. Three of 5 studies estimated associations with PM10 and satisfied inclusion criteria for meta-analysis, but each assessed a different GI cancer and were therefore excluded. In the random-effects meta-analysis of 13 studies, PM2.5 exposure was associated with an increased risk of GI cancer overall [risk ratio (RR)=1.12; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.24]. The most robust associations were observed for liver cancer (RR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.56) and colorectal cancer (RR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.62), for which all studies identified an increased risk. We rated most studies with "probably low" risk of bias and the overall body of evidence as "moderate" quality with "limited" evidence for this association. We based this determination on the generally positive, but inconsistently statistically significant, effect estimates reported across a small number of studies. CONCLUSION We concluded there is some evidence of associations between PM2.5 and GI cancers, with the strongest evidence for liver and colorectal cancers. Although there is biologic plausibility for these relationships, studies of any one cancer site were few and there remain only a small number overall. Studies in geographic areas with high GI cancer burden, evaluation of the impact of different PM exposure assessment approaches on observed associations, and investigation of cancer subtypes and specific chemical components of PM are important areas of interest for future research. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9620.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Pritchett
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily C. Spangler
- Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - George M. Gray
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Alicia A. Livinski
- National Institutes of Health Library, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua N. Sampson
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rena R. Jones
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Fadhullah W, Imran NIN, Ismail SNS, Jaafar MH, Abdullah H. Household solid waste management practices and perceptions among residents in the East Coast of Malaysia. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1. [PMID: 34983455 PMCID: PMC8727079 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor waste disposal practices hamper the progress towards an integrated solid waste management in households. Knowledge of current practices and perception of household solid waste management is necessary for accurate decision making in the move towards a more sustainable approach. This study investigates the household waste practices and perceptions about waste management in Panji, one of the sub-districts in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. METHODS A stratified random sampling technique using a cross-sectional survey questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 338 households were interviewed in the survey and data were analyzed using SPSS. Chi-square goodness of fit test was used to determine the relationships between categorical variables, whereas Chi-square bivariate correlation test was performed to observe the correlation between the perceptions of waste segregation with socio-demographic background of the respondents. The correlation between perception of respondents with the locality, house type and waste type were also conducted. Principal component analysis was used to identify grouping of variables and to establish which factors were interrelated in any given construct. RESULTS The results of the study revealed that 74.3 % of households disposed of food debris as waste and 18.3% disposed of plastic materials as waste. The study also showed that 50.3% of the households segregate their waste while 49.7% did not. About 95.9% of the respondents were aware that improper waste management leads to disease; such as diarrhea and malaria. There were associations between locality, age and house type with waste segregation practices among respondents (Chi-square test, p<0.05). Associations were also found between locality with the perception of improper waste management which lead to disease (Chi-square test, p<0.05). Principal Component Analysis showed that 17.94% of the variance has high positive loading (positive relationship) with age, marital status and, type of house. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance to design waste separation programs that suit the needs of targeted population as a boost towards sustainable solid waste management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widad Fadhullah
- Environmental and Occupational Health Program, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Iffah Najwa Imran
- Environmental and Occupational Health Program, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed Ismail
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiidz Jaafar
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Hasmah Abdullah
- Environmental and Occupational Health Program, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Biomedicine Program, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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20
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Bogumil D, Wu AH, Stram D, Yang J, Tseng CC, Le Marchand L, Wu J, Cheng I, Setiawan VW. The association between ambient air pollutants and pancreatic cancer in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111608. [PMID: 34214566 PMCID: PMC8578294 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies examining the association between ambient air pollutants and pancreatic cancer have been conducted in racially/ethnically homogeneous samples and have produced mixed results, with some studies supporting evidence of an association with fine particulate matter. METHODS To further investigate these findings, we estimated exposure levels of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) and oxides of nitrogen (NOX, and NO2) using kriging interpolation for 100,527 men and women from the Multiethnic Cohort Study, residing largely in Los Angeles County from 1993 through 2013. We measured the association between these air pollutants and incident pancreatic cancer using Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying pollutant measures, with adjustment for confounding factors. RESULTS A total of 821 incident pancreatic cancer and 1,660,488 person-years accumulated over the study period, with an average follow-up time of over 16 years. PM2.5 (per 10 μg/m3) was associated with incident pancreatic cancer (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.61; 95% CI, 1.09, 2.37). This PM2.5 -association was strongest among Latinos (HR = 3.59; 95% CI, 1.60, 8.06) and ever smokers (HR = 1.76; 95% CI, 1.05, 2.94). There was no association for PM10 (HR = 1.12; 95% CI, 0.94, 1.32, per 10 μg/m3), NOx (HR = 1.14; 95% CI, 0.88, 1.48, per 50 ppb), or NO2 (HR = 1.14; 95% CI, 0.85, 1.54, per 20 ppb). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support prior research identifying an association between fine particulate matter, PM2.5, and pancreatic cancer. Although not statistically heterogeneous, this association was most notable among Latinos and smokers. Future studies are needed to replicate these results in an urban setting and in a racially/ethnically diverse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bogumil
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chiu-Chen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Veronica Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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21
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Brugge D, Lerman Ginzburg S, Hudda N, Sprague Martinez L, Meunier L, Hersey SP, Hochman I, Walker DI, Echevarria B, Thanikachalam M, Durant JL, Zamore W, Eliasziw M. A randomized crossover trial of HEPA air filtration to reduce cardiovascular risk for near highway residents: Methods and approach. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 108:106520. [PMID: 34332159 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near highway residents are exposed to elevated levels of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), including ultrafine particles, which are associated with adverse health effects. The efficacy of using in-home air filtration units that reduce exposure and potentially yield health benefits has not been tested in a randomized controlled trial. METHODS We will conduct a randomized double-blind crossover trial of portable air filtration units for 200 adults 30 years and older who live in near-highway homes in Somerville, MA, USA. We will recruit participants from 172 households. The intervention periods will be one month of true or sham filtration, followed by a one-month wash out period and then a month of the alternate intervention. The primary health outcome will be systolic blood pressure (BP); secondary outcome measures will include diastolic and central BP, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and D-dimer. Reasons for success or failure of the intervention will be evaluated in a subset of homes using indoor/outdoor monitoring for particulate pollution, personal monitoring, size and composition of particulate pollution, tracking of time spent in the room with the filter, and interviews for qualitative feedback. RESULTS This trial has begun recruitment and is expected to take 2-3 years to be completed. Recruitment has been particularly challenging because of additional precautions required by the COVID-19 pandemic. DISCUSSION This study has the potential to shed light on the value of using portable air filtration in homes close to highways to reduce exposure to TRAP and whether doing so has benefits for cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doug Brugge
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06032, United States of America
| | - Shir Lerman Ginzburg
- UConn Health Department of Public Health Sciences, Farmington, CT 06032., United States of America.
| | - Neelakshi Hudda
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02476, United States of America
| | - Linda Sprague Martinez
- Macro Department, Boston University School of Social Work, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Leigh Meunier
- UConn Health Department of Public Health Sciences, Farmington, CT 06032., United States of America
| | - Scott P Hersey
- Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering, Needham, MA 02492, United States of America
| | - Ira Hochman
- inTouch Technology Corp., Cambridge, MA 02142, United States of America
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029l, United States of America
| | - Ben Echevarria
- Welcome Project, Somerville, MA 02145, United States of America
| | - Mohan Thanikachalam
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Public Health and Community Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, United States of America
| | - John L Durant
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02476, United States of America
| | - Wig Zamore
- Somerville Transportation Equity Partnership, Somerville, MA 02145, United States of America
| | - Misha Eliasziw
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, United States of America
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22
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Cabral M, Garçon G, Touré A, Bah F, Dewaele D, Bouhsina S, Cazier F, Faye A, Fall M, Courcot D, Verdin A. Renal impairment assessment on adults living nearby a landfill: Early kidney dysfunction biomarkers linked to the environmental exposure to heavy metals. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:386-394. [PMID: 33717991 PMCID: PMC7932908 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Health risk of the neighboring population of the Mbeubeuss landfill (Senegal). Assessment of the impact of Cd/Pb exposure through dysfunction renal biomarkers. Specific increases of a set of early dysfunction renal biomarkers in exposed subjects. Glomerular and tubular dysfunction in exposed subjects.
The aim of this study was to assess the integrity and kidney overall functional capacity of subjects exposed to landfill emissions. Urine and blood levels of Pb and Cd, and several of the newly biomarkers of nephrotoxicity (Kim Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1), alpha-1 Microglobulin (α1 M), beta-2 Microglobulin (β2 M), Cystatin-C (Cyst C), Clusterin, alpha-glutathione S-transferase (GSTα), pi-glutathione S-transferase (GSTπ), Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), Calbindin, Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), Osteopontin (OPN), (Retinol Binding Protein(RBP), Liver-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (FABP-1), Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3), Collagen VI) were measured in order to assess glomerular and tubule damage in adults living near a landfill. Our results indicate glomerular dysfunction in exposed subjects, and supported evidence of necrosis of proximal and distal tubule epithelial cells as specific biomarkers began to appear in the urine. Positive correlation by Pearson test were obtained between : blood Pb and B-OPN, B-Cyst C, Calbindin, U-KIM-1, TIMP1, U-OPN, and U-Clusterin; and also, between urinary Cd and TIMP1, B-Clusterin, U-OPN, FABP-1, Albumin, and U-Clusterin. The relation between biomarkers of Cd/Pb exposure and early effect biomarkers in this study clearly predicts the future risk of severe kidney injury in subjects living close to the landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Cabral
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France.,Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Guillaume Garçon
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France.,CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), Université Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aminata Touré
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Fatoumata Bah
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Dorothée Dewaele
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, CCM, Centre Commun de Mesures, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Saâd Bouhsina
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, CCM, Centre Commun de Mesures, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Adama Faye
- Institut de Santé et Développement, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mamadou Fall
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, F-59140, Dunkerque, France
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23
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Retrospective Modeling of NO2 and PM10 Concentrations over the Lyon Metropolitan Area (France), 1990–2010—Performance Evaluation, Exposure Assessment and Correlation between Pollutants. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous cancers develop years after subjects have been exposed to chemical compounds. Thus, environmental epidemiological studies need to accurately reconstruct exposures over long periods. To estimate exposure to NO2 and PM10 concentrations, we modelled ground-level air concentrations, at very fine temporal (1 h) and spatial (10 m) resolutions, over a large European metropolitan area and at subject’s address of a French national cohort, for five different years (1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010). Model performances were assessed by comparing the annual modelled concentration against monitoring station measurements. As input data, we used background concentrations from a large-scale dispersion model. The relevance of our approach was assessed by comparing results in 2010, with a modelling using monitoring values as background data. The comparison with measurement data showed good performance of the model for the majority of the period, with a performance declined in 1990. Concentrations at the subject’s residence decreased by 45% for PM10 and 38% for NO2. The proportion of subjects exposed above the WHO recommendations declined from 100% to 50% for PM10 and from 79% to 16% for NO2. The results of this study would provide a reference for future models to assess chronic exposures to PM10 and NO2 on a larger scale.
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24
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Hendryx M, Luo J, Chojenta C, Byles JE. Air Pollution Increases Depression Risk Among Young Women: Possible Natural World Resiliencies. ECOPSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2020.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hendryx
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Juhua Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Catherine Chojenta
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Julie E. Byles
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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25
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Zare Sakhvidi MJ, Lequy E, Goldberg M, Jacquemin B. Air pollution exposure and bladder, kidney and urinary tract cancer risk: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115328. [PMID: 32871482 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to outdoor air pollution has been linked to lung cancer, and suspicion arose regarding bladder, kidney, and urinary tract cancer (urological cancers). However, most of evidence comes from occupational studies; therefore, little is known about the effect of exposure to air pollution on the risk of urological cancers in the general population. METHOD We systematically searched Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles investigating the associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and the risk of urological cancer (incidence or mortality). We included articles using a specific air pollutant (PM10, PM2.5, …) or proxies (traffic, proximity index …). We assessed each study's quality with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and rated the quality of the body of evidence for each pollutant-outcome with the GRADE approach. The different study methodologies regarding exposure or outcome prevented us to perform a meta-analysis. RESULTS twenty articles (four case-control, nine cohort, and seven ecologic) met our inclusion criteria and were included in this review: eighteen reported bladder, six kidney, and two urinary tract. Modeling air pollutants was the most common exposure assessment method. Most of the included studies reported positive associations between air pollution and urological cancer risk. However, only a few reached statistical significance (e.g. for bladder cancer mortality, adjusted odds-ratio of 1.13 (1.03-1.23) for an increase of 4.4 μg.m-3 of PM2.5). Most studies inadequately addressed confounding, and cohort studies had an insufficient follow-up. DISCUSSION Overall, studies suggested positive (even though mostly non-significant) associations between air pollution exposure and bladder cancer mortality and kidney cancer incidence. We need more studies with better confounding control and longer follow-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Zare Sakhvidi
- University Rennes 1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France; Occupational Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Emeline Lequy
- INSERM, UMS 011, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marcel Goldberg
- INSERM, UMS 011, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes, 12, Rue de L'école de Médecine, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- University Rennes 1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
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26
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Coleman NC, Burnett RT, Ezzati M, Marshall JD, Robinson AL, Pope CA. Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Cancer Incidence: Analysis of SEER Cancer Registry Data from 1992-2016. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:107004. [PMID: 33035119 PMCID: PMC7546438 DOI: 10.1289/ehp7246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has identified an association between fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) air pollution and lung cancer. Most of the evidence for this association, however, is based on research using lung cancer mortality, not incidence. Research that examines potential associations between PM 2.5 and incidence of non-lung cancers is limited. OBJECTIVES The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the incidence of cancer and exposure to PM 2.5 using > 8.5 million cases of cancer incidences from U.S. registries. Secondary objectives include evaluating the sensitivity of the associations to model selection, spatial control, and latency period as well as estimating the exposure-response relationship for several cancer types. METHODS Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program data were used to calculate incidence rates for various cancer types in 607 U.S. counties. County-level PM 2.5 concentrations were estimated using integrated empirical geographic regression models. Flexible semi-nonparametric regression models were used to estimate associations between PM 2.5 and cancer incidence for selected cancers while controlling for important county-level covariates. Primary time-independent models using average incidence rates from 1992-2016 and average PM 2.5 from 1988-2015 were estimated. In addition, time-varying models using annual incidence rates from 2002-2011 and lagged moving averages of annual estimates for PM 2.5 were also estimated. RESULTS The incidences of all cancer and lung cancer were consistently associated with PM 2.5 . The incident rate ratios (IRRs), per 10 - μ g / m 3 increase in PM 2.5 , for all and lung cancer were 1.09 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.14) and 1.19 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.30), respectively. Less robust associations were observed with oral, rectal, liver, skin, breast, and kidney cancers. DISCUSSION Exposure to PM 2.5 air pollution contributes to lung cancer incidence and is potentially associated with non-lung cancer incidence. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7246.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Majid Ezzati
- Medical Research Council–Public Health England Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Julian D. Marshall
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Allen L. Robinson
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C. Arden Pope
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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27
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Relationship between particulate matter exposure and female breast cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2020; 94:191-201. [PMID: 32914230 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-020-01573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The associations of PM with the risk and prognosis of breast cancer have not been determined. This systematic review aimed to provide an updated understanding of the relationship between PM exposure level and breast cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS Articles from Web of Science and PubMed databases were methodically inspected until March 8, 2020. In final, 15 studies were kept for analysis, which provided necessary information to estimate the impact of PM on breast cancer risk and prognosis. These studies were combined for quantitative analyses to evaluate the effect of per 10 μg /m3 increment exposure of PM2.5 (< 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) and PM10 (< 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter) using random-effects model. RESULTS PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased breast cancer mortality (relative risk [RR] = 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02, 1.16; PQ-test = 0.158). No association of PM2.5 (1.02; 0.97, 1.18; 0.308) and PM10 (1.03; 0.98, 1.09; 0.009) with the increase incidence of breast cancer was observed. Stratified analysis suggested that PM2.5 was associated with the increase mortality of breast cancer (1.10; 1.03, 1.17; 0.529) in subgroup of developed country. PM10 was associated with breast cancer incidence based on studies published after 2017 (1.08; 1.00, 1.15; 0.157) and European studies (1.15; 1.06, 1.25; 0.502). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that PM2.5 exposure was related to breast cancer mortality. Further researches in this field are needed to validate the conclusion.
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28
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Adetona O, Ozoh OB, Oluseyi T, Uzoegwu Q, Odei J, Lucas M. An exploratory evaluation of the potential pulmonary, neurological and other health effects of chronic exposure to emissions from municipal solid waste fires at a large dumpsite in Olusosun, Lagos, Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:30885-30892. [PMID: 32537691 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Open municipal solid waste (MSW) combustion is a major emission source of particulate air pollution, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and more exotic hazardous organic pollutants including polychlorinated biphenyls and brominated flame retardants. However, the adverse impact of MSW combustion emission on health among the general population is unknown. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the associations between potential exposure to MSW combustion-related air pollution and symptoms of adverse health effects among residents of a community adjacent to a large open landfill in Lagos, Nigeria. Using ordinal logistic regression and controlling for age, sex, and smoking, it was observed that residence for ≥ 11 years had increased odds (p < 0.05) of daily occurrence of tingling/numbness/whiteness of fingers (2.614), headaches (2.725), memory problems (2.869), tremor/cramps (2.748), and confusion (3.033) among other symptoms. These results indicate adverse health impacts of chronic exposure to MSW combustion emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olorunfemi Adetona
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health,, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health,, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Obianuju B Ozoh
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine,, University of Lagos, Lagos,, Nigeria.
| | | | - Queen Uzoegwu
- Department of Chemistry,, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - James Odei
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health,, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health,, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maria Lucas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health,, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health,, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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29
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Coleman NC, Burnett RT, Higbee JD, Lefler JS, Merrill RM, Ezzati M, Marshall JD, Kim SY, Bechle M, Robinson AL, Pope CA. Cancer mortality risk, fine particulate air pollution, and smoking in a large, representative cohort of US adults. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:767-776. [PMID: 32462559 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Air pollution and smoking are associated with various types of mortality, including cancer. The current study utilizes a publicly accessible, nationally representative cohort to explore relationships between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, smoking, and cancer mortality. METHODS National Health Interview Survey and mortality follow-up data were combined to create a study population of 635,539 individuals surveyed from 1987 to 2014. A sub-cohort of 341,665 never-smokers from the full cohort was also created. Individuals were assigned modeled PM2.5 exposure based on average exposure from 1999 to 2015 at residential census tract. Cox Proportional Hazard models were utilized to estimate hazard ratios for cancer-specific mortality controlling for age, sex, race, smoking status, body mass, income, education, marital status, rural versus urban, region, and survey year. RESULTS The risk of all cancer mortality was adversely associated with PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3 increase) in the full cohort (hazard ratio [HR] 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.22) and the never-smokers' cohort (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.06-1.33). PM2.5-morality associations were observed specifically for lung, stomach, colorectal, liver, breast, cervix, and bladder, as well as Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia. The PM2.5-morality association with lung cancer in never-smokers was statistically significant adjusting for multiple comparisons. Cigarette smoking was statistically associated with mortality for many cancer types. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution contributes to lung cancer mortality and may be a risk factor for other cancer types. Cigarette smoking has a larger impact on cancer mortality than PM2.5 , but is associated with similar cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Coleman
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, 142 FOB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | | | - Joshua D Higbee
- Department of Economics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacob S Lefler
- Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ray M Merrill
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Majid Ezzati
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, London, UK
| | - Julian D Marshall
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sun-Young Kim
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Matthew Bechle
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allen L Robinson
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C Arden Pope
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, 142 FOB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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Negri E, Bravi F, Catalani S, Guercio V, Metruccio F, Moretto A, La Vecchia C, Apostoli P. Health effects of living near an incinerator: A systematic review of epidemiological studies, with focus on last generation plants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109305. [PMID: 32135359 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Huge reductions in incinerators' emissions occurred over time, and results of older studies cannot be directly generalized to modern plants. We conducted a systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence of the health effects of incinerators, classifying plants in three generations, according to emission limits. A systematic search identified 63 epidemiologic studies, published in English, investigating health effects of incinerators on humans. We focused on cancer, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) and respiratory diseases, pregnancy outcomes and congenital anomalies. Only six studies in the general population were on third generation incinerators providing data on pregnancy outcomes and congenital anomalies. Given the heterogeneity of methods, the abundance of ecological/semi-ecological studies and the lack of reliable quantitative measures of exposure in several studies we did not perform any meta-analysis. No excesses emerged concerning all cancers and lung cancer. An excess of non-Hodgkin lymphoma was reported in some earlier studies, but not for second generation plants. Possible excesses of soft tissue sarcomas were confined to earlier incinerators and the areas closer to the plants. No clear association emerged for CVD and diseases of the respiratory system. Several different pregnancy outcomes were considered, and no consistent association emerged, in spite of a few positive results. Studies were negative for congenital anomalies as a whole. Sporadic excesses were reported in a few studies for specific types of anomalies, but no consistent pattern emerged. Evaluation of the evidence was hindered by heterogeneity in reporting and classification of outcomes across studies. Direct evidence from third generation plants is scarce. Methodological issues in study design (mainly related to exposure assessment, confounding and ecological design) and analysis make interpretation of results complex. In spite of this, the overall evidence suggests that, if there were any excesses at all for older incinerators, they were modest at most. Additional monitoring of third generation plants needs to overcome methodological weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Negri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bravi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Catalani
- Dipartimento, Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, Scienze Radiologiche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valentina Guercio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Metruccio
- ICPS, International Centre for Pesticides and Health Risk Prevention, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Moretto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; ICPS, International Centre for Pesticides and Health Risk Prevention, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy.
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Apostoli
- Dipartimento, Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, Scienze Radiologiche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Guo C, Chan TC, Teng YC, Lin C, Bo Y, Chang LY, Lau AKH, Tam T, Wong MCS, Qian Lao X. Long-term exposure to ambient fine particles and gastrointestinal cancer mortality in Taiwan: A cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105640. [PMID: 32179321 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and gastrointestinal cancer mortality is scarce. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and deaths from gastrointestinal cancer and its subtypes in adults in Taiwan. METHODS A total of 385,650 Taiwanese adults (≥18 years old) jointed a standard medical examination program between 2001 and 2014 and were followed up until 2016. Their vital data were obtained from the National Death Registry maintained by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan. We estimated the ambient PM2.5 concentration at individual's address utilising a satellite-based spatiotemporal model at a resolution of 1 km2. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to investigate the associations between ambient PM2.5 and deaths from gastrointestinal, stomach, colorectal and liver cancers. RESULTS We found that each 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with an increased hazard risk (HR) of 1.09 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.16) and 1.13 (95%CI: 1.02-1.24) in deaths from gastrointestinal and liver cancers, respectively. The association between PM2.5 and death from colorectal cancer was marginally statistically significant [HR: 1.13 (95%CI: 1.00-1.26)]. We did not find significant associations between PM2.5 and mortality from stomach cancer. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 was associated with an increased risk of deaths from gastrointestinal cancers, liver cancer and also potentially colorectal cancer. Air pollution control strategies are necessary to reduce the burden of gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Guo
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan; Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Chu Teng
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
| | - Changqing Lin
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yacong Bo
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ly-Yun Chang
- Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan; Gratia Christian College, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Alexis K H Lau
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Tony Tam
- Department of Sociology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Martin C S Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Xiang Qian Lao
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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Minichilli F, Gorini F, Bustaffa E, Cori L, Bianchi F. Mortality and hospitalization associated to emissions of a coal power plant: A population-based cohort study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133757. [PMID: 31756804 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coal-fired thermal power plants represent a significant source of air pollutants, especially sulfur dioxide (SO2) that has been associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity for respiratory and cardiovascular disease. A coal power plant in Vado Ligure (Italy) (CPPVL) started in 1970 was stopped in 2014 by the Prosecutor's Office on the grounds of environmental and health culpable disaster. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between the exposure of residents to atmospheric pollutants emitted by CPPVL and the risk of mortality and hospitalization, considering both cancer and non-cancer causes in a population-based cohort study. METHODS SO2 and nitrogen oxides (NOx), estimated using the ABLE-MOLOCH-ADMS-Urban dispersion model, were selected as representative surrogates of exposure to CPPVL emissions (SO2-CPPVL) and cumulative emissions from other sources of pollution (NOx-MS), respectively. The relationship between each health outcome and categories of exposure to SO2-CPPVL was estimated by the Hazard Ratio (HR) using multiple sex-specific Cox regression models, adjusted for age, exposure to NOx-MS, and socio-economic deprivation index using SO2-CPPVL first quartile as a reference. RESULTS 144,019 individuals were recruited (follow-up 2001-2013). An excess of mortality was found for all natural causes (men: 1.49; 95% CI 1.38-1.60; women: 1.49; 95% CI 1.39-1.59), diseases of the circulatory system (men: 1.41; 95% CI 1.24-1.56; women: 1.59; 95% CI 1.44-1.77), of the respiratory system (men: 1.90; 95% CI 1.47-2.45; women: 1.62; 95% CI 1.25-2.09), and of the nervous system and sense organs (men: 1.34; 95% CI 0.97-1.86; women: 1.38; 95% CI 1.03-1.83), and in men for trachea, bronchus, and lung cancers (1.59; 95% CI 1.26-2.00). Results of hospitalization analysis were consistent with those of mortality. CONCLUSION Results obtained, also when considering multiple sources of exposure, indicate that exposure to CPP emissions represents a risk factor for selected health outcomes as well as the urgently adoption of primary prevention measures and of a specific surveillance programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Minichilli
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Diseases Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, IFC-CNR, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy.
| | - Francesca Gorini
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Diseases Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, IFC-CNR, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Elisa Bustaffa
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Diseases Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, IFC-CNR, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Liliana Cori
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Diseases Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, IFC-CNR, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Diseases Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, IFC-CNR, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
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PM2.5 inhibits SOD1 expression by up-regulating microRNA-206 and promotes ROS accumulation and disease progression in asthmatic mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105871. [PMID: 31520993 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease. Chronic airway inflammation, airflow restriction and airway hyper-responsiveness are its main manifestations. In recent decades, the prevalence and mortality of asthma have been increasing all over the world, which seriously threatens public health. Research suggests that air pollution is associated with the increased incidence of asthma. PM2.5 is one of the most complex pollutants in the atmospheric environment and harmful to human health. It is related to the incidence of asthma. However, the molecular mechanism of PM2.5 in the development of asthma is still unclear. In this study, we established a mouse model of asthma using CRE to observe the effect of PM2.5 on the symptoms of asthmatic mice and its possible molecular mechanism. The results showed that PM2.5 could significantly increase airway resistance and pulmonary inflammation, increase the number of inflammatory cells, eosinophils, macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in asthmatic mice. Moreover, PM2.5 could reduce the contents of antioxidant enzymes such as CAT, GSH, GSH-Px and T-SOD in lung tissue of mice, and increase the ROS level. PM2.5 can promote the expression of microRNA-206 in lung tissue of mice. miR-206 can target the 3'-UTR of SOD1 to inhibit SOD1 expression, which leads to the increase of ROS level and aggravates pulmonary inflammatory response and asthma symptoms in asthmatic mice. This study found the possible molecular mechanism of PM2.5 aggravating asthma, and miR-206 may be a potential target for asthma treatment.
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Mortality and Morbidity in a Population Exposed to Emission from a Municipal Waste Incinerator. A Retrospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162863. [PMID: 31405116 PMCID: PMC6720705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present research, we evaluated the health effects of exposure to the municipal waste incinerator (MWI) in Pisa, Italy, through a population-based cohort design. The individual exposure pattern in the area was estimated through CALPUFF dispersion models of NOχ (developed by Atmospheric Studies Group Earth Tech, Lowell, Massachusetts), used as pollution proxies of the MWI and the relevant industrial plant, and through land-use regression for NOχ due to traffic pollution. Using Cox regression analysis, hazard ratios (HR) were estimated adjusting for exposure to other sources of pollution, age, and socioeconomic deprivation. An adjusted linear trend of HR (HRt) over the categories of exposure, with the relative 95% CI and p-value, was also calculated. Mortality and hospital discharge were studied as impact outcomes. Mortality analysis on males showed increased trends of mortality due to natural causes (HRt p < 0.05), the tumor of the lymphohematopoietic system (HRt p = 0.01), cardiovascular diseases (HRt p < 0.01); in females, increased trends for acute respiratory diseases (HRt p = 0.04). Morbidity analysis showed a HRt for lymphohematopoietic system tumor in males (HRt p = 0.04). Some of the excesses are in agreement with previous evidence on the health effects of MWIs, although the observation in males but not in females, suggests a cautious interpretation. Confounding due to other sources of exposure cannot be ruled out. The evidence was considered important in the decision-making process of the waste cycle.
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Lequy E, Siemiatycki J, Leblond S, Meyer C, Zhivin S, Vienneau D, de Hoogh K, Goldberg M, Zins M, Jacquemin B. Long-term exposure to atmospheric metals assessed by mosses and mortality in France. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 129:145-153. [PMID: 31128435 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term exposure to air pollution affects health, but little is known about exposure to atmospheric metals. Estimating exposure to atmospheric metals across large spatial areas remains challenging. Metal concentrations in mosses could constitute a useful proxy. Here, we linked moss biomonitoring and epidemiological data to investigate the associations between long-term exposure to metals and mortality. METHODS We modelled and mapped 13 atmospheric metals from a 20-year national moss biomonitoring program to derive exposure estimates across France. In the population-based Gazel cohort, we included 11,382 participants from low to intermediate population density areas and assigned modelled metals to their residential addresses. We distinguished between airborne metals that are primarily of natural origin and those primarily of anthropogenic origin. Associations were estimated between exposure to metals and mortality (natural-cause, cardiovascular and respiratory), using Cox models, with confounder adjustment at individual level. FINDINGS Between 1996 and 2017, there were 1313 deaths in the cohort (including 181 cardiovascular and 33 respiratory). Exposure to the anthropogenic metals was associated with an increased risk of natural-cause mortality (hazard ratio of 1.16 [1.08-1.24] per interquartile range of exposure), while metals from natural sources were not. INTERPRETATION Some atmospheric anthropogenic metals may be associated with excess mortality - even in areas with relatively low levels of exposure to air pollution. Consistent with the previous literature, our findings support the use of moss biomonitoring as a tool to assess health effects of air pollution exposure at individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Lequy
- INSERM, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, F-94807 Villejuif, France; University of Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; INSERM, UMS 011, F-94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- CRCHUM (Centre de recherche du CHUM) and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Leblond
- UMS 2006 PatriNat, National Museum of Natural History, 12 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Caroline Meyer
- UMS 2006 PatriNat, National Museum of Natural History, 12 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Goldberg
- INSERM, UMS 011, F-94807 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes, 12, rue de l'école de médecine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Marie Zins
- INSERM, UMS 011, F-94807 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes, 12, rue de l'école de médecine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- INSERM, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, F-94807 Villejuif, France; University of Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; ISGlobal-Institut de Salut Global de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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Sonibare OO, Adeniran JA, Bello IS. Landfill air and odour emissions from an integrated waste management facility. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2019; 17:13-28. [PMID: 31297199 PMCID: PMC6582209 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-018-00322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A mixture of gases and obnoxious odours are major components of landfill emission. A dispersion modelling on air pollutants and odour emissions anticipated from a proposed Integrated Waste Management Facility was conducted considering five operating scenarios. Impacts of the predicted ground level concentrations of air pollutants (including carbon monoxide, CO; oxides of nitrogen, NOX; sulphur dioxide, SO2; particulate matter, PM and hydrocarbons, HC) and odour on ambient air quality were investigated using the 10-min 1 OU/m3 odour limit, CH4 Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) and the daily limits of CO, NOx, SO2, PM and HC. The anticipated maximum ground level concentration of emitted odour and CH4 are 0.0040 OU/m3 and 0.0349 ppm, respectively. Simultaneous operations of all the major components of the facility will generate the daily maximum concentrations of 7.34, 2.60, 7.31, 29.72 and 0.42 μg/m3, for CO, NOX, SO2, PM and HC, respectively. Generally, the facility impacts on ambient air quality will be within the acceptable limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omowonuola Olubukola Sonibare
- Department of Family Medicine, General Outpatient Department (GOPD), Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Jamiu Adetayo Adeniran
- Environmental Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Sebutu Bello
- Department of Family Medicine, General Outpatient Department (GOPD), Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Rocks N, Vanwinge C, Radermecker C, Blacher S, Gilles C, Marée R, Gillard A, Evrard B, Pequeux C, Marichal T, Noel A, Cataldo D. Ozone-primed neutrophils promote early steps of tumour cell metastasis to lungs by enhancing their NET production. Thorax 2019; 74:768-779. [PMID: 31142617 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-211990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution, including particulates and gazes such as ozone (O3), is detrimental for patient's health and has repeatedly been correlated to increased morbidity and mortality in industrialised countries. Although studies have described a link between ambient particulate matter and increased lung cancer morbidity, no direct relation has yet been established between O3 exposure and metastatic dissemination to lungs. OBJECTIVES To outline the mechanisms through which pulmonary O3 exposure modulates metastasis kinetics in an experimental mouse model of O3 exposure. METHODS Metastatic responses to pulmonary O3 exposure were assessed using a reliable experimental mouse model of concomitant pulmonary O3 exposure and tumour cell injection. Roles of neutrophils in O3-induced lung metastasis were highlighted using blocking anti-Ly6G antibodies; moreover, the implication of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in metastatic processes was evaluated using MRP8cre-Pad4lox/lox mice or by treating mice with DNase I. RESULTS Pulmonary O3 exposure strongly facilitates the establishment of lung metastasis by (1) Inducing a pulmonary injury and neutrophilic inflammation, (2) Influencing very early steps of metastasis, (3) Priming neutrophils' phenotype to release NETs that favour tumour cell colonisation in lungs. The ability of O3-primed neutrophils to enhance lung colonisation by tumour cells was proven after their adoptive transfer in Balb/c mice unexposed to O3. CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary neutrophils induced by O3 promote metastatic dissemination to lungs by producing NETs. These findings open new perspectives to improve treatment and prevention strategies in patients affected by metastatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Rocks
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Céline Vanwinge
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Coraline Radermecker
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Silvia Blacher
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christine Gilles
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Raphael Marée
- Montefiore Institute, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alison Gillard
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Evrard
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christel Pequeux
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Thomas Marichal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Wallonia, Belgium
| | - Agnes Noel
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Cataldo
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium .,Respiratory Diseases, CHU Liège and University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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De Marco A, Proietti C, Anav A, Ciancarella L, D'Elia I, Fares S, Fornasier MF, Fusaro L, Gualtieri M, Manes F, Marchetto A, Mircea M, Paoletti E, Piersanti A, Rogora M, Salvati L, Salvatori E, Screpanti A, Vialetto G, Vitale M, Leonardi C. Impacts of air pollution on human and ecosystem health, and implications for the National Emission Ceilings Directive: Insights from Italy. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 125:320-333. [PMID: 30739052 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Across the 28 EU member states there were nearly half a million premature deaths in 2015 as a result of exposure to PM2.5, O3 and NO2. To set the target for air quality levels and avoid negative impacts for human and ecosystems health, the National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD, 2016/2284/EU) sets objectives for emission reduction for SO2, NOx, NMVOCs, NH3 and PM2.5 for each Member State as percentages of reduction to be reached in 2020 and 2030 compared to the emission levels into 2005. One of the innovations of NECD is Article 9, that mentions the issue of "monitoring air pollution impacts" on ecosystems. We provide a clear picture of what is available in term of monitoring network for air pollution impacts on Italian ecosystems, summarizing what has been done to control air pollution and its effects on different ecosystems in Italy. We provide an overview of the impacts of air pollution on health of the Italian population and evaluate opportunities and implementation of Article 9 in the Italian context, as a case study beneficial for all Member States. The results showed that SO42- deposition strongly decreased in all monitoring sites in Italy over the period 1999-2017, while NO3- and NH4+ decreased more slightly. As a consequence, most of the acid-sensitive sites which underwent acidification in the 1980s partially recovered. The O3 concentration at forest sites showed a decreasing trend. Consequently, AOT40 (the metric identified to protect vegetation from ozone pollution) showed a decrease, even if values were still above the limit for forest protection (5000 ppb h-1), while PODy (flux-based metric under discussion as new European legislative standard for forest protection) showed an increase. National scale studies pointed out that PM10 and NO2 induced about 58,000 premature deaths (year 2005), due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The network identified for Italy contains a good number of monitoring sites (6 for terrestrial ecosystem monitoring, 4 for water bodies monitoring and 11 for ozone impact monitoring) distributed over the territory and will produce a high number of monitored parameters for the implementation of the NECD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Proietti
- ISPRA, National System for the Protection of the Environment, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Anav
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, SSPT-PVS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisella Ciancarella
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, SSPT-MET-INAT, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria D'Elia
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, SSPT-MET-INAT, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvano Fares
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Lina Fusaro
- UNIROMA, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gualtieri
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, SSPT-MET-INAT, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Manes
- UNIROMA, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Marchetto
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council, Institute of Water Research, Verbania Pallanza, Italy
| | - Mihaela Mircea
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, SSPT-MET-INAT, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Paoletti
- CNR-IRET, National Research Council, Porano, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Antonio Piersanti
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, SSPT-MET-INAT, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Rogora
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council, Institute of Water Research, Verbania Pallanza, Italy
| | - Luca Salvati
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Salvatori
- UNIROMA, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Screpanti
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, SSPT-MET-PREV, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vialetto
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, SSPT-MET-INAT, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Vitale
- UNIROMA, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Leonardi
- CNR-IIA, National Research Council, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy; MATTM, Italian Ministry for Environment and Land and Sea Protection, Rome, Italy
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Lin CK, Lin RT, Chen T, Zigler C, Wei Y, Christiani DC. A global perspective on coal-fired power plants and burden of lung cancer. Environ Health 2019; 18:9. [PMID: 30691464 PMCID: PMC6350330 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0448-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ambient particulate matter generated from coal-fired power plants induces long-term health consequences. However, epidemiologic studies have not yet focused on attributing these health burdens specifically to energy consumption, impeding targeted intervention policies. We hypothesize that the generating capacity of coal-fired power plants may be associated with lung cancer incidence at the national level. METHODS Age- and sex-adjusted lung cancer incidence from every country with electrical plants using coal as primary energy supply were followed from 2000 to 2016. We applied a Poisson regression longitudinal model, fitted using generalized estimating equations, to estimate the association between lung cancer incidence and per capita coal capacity, adjusting for various behavioral and demographic determinants and lag periods. RESULTS The average coal capacity increased by 1.43 times from 16.01 gigawatts (GW) (2000~2004) to 22.82 GW (2010~2016). With 1 kW (KW) increase of coal capacity per person in a country, the relative risk of lung cancer increases by a factor of 59% (95% CI = 7.0%~ 135%) among males and 85% (95% CI = 22%~ 182%) among females. Based on the model, we estimate a total of 1.37 (range = 1.34 ~ 1.40) million standardized incident cases from lung cancer will be associated with coal-fired power plants in 2025. CONCLUSIONS These analyses suggest an association between lung cancer incidence and increased reliance on coal for energy generation. Such data may be helpful in addressing a key policy question about the externality costs and estimates of the global disease burden from preventable lung cancer attributable to coal-fired power plants at the national level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kuan Lin
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, Room 1401, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Ro-Ting Lin
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tom Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building 2, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Corwin Zigler
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building 2, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yaguang Wei
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, Room 1401, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, Room 1401, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, Room 1401, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Kim HB, Shim JY, Park B, Lee YJ. Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollutants and Cancer Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2608. [PMID: 30469439 PMCID: PMC6266691 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between main air pollutants and all cancer mortality by performing a meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, EMBASE (a biomedical and pharmacological bibliographic database of published literature produced by Elsevier), and the reference lists of other reviews until April 2018. A random-effects model was employed to analyze the meta-estimates of each pollutant. A total of 30 cohort studies were included in the final analysis. Overall risk estimates of cancer mortality for 10 µg/m³ per increase of particulate matter (PM)2.5, PM10, and NO₂ were 1.17 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11⁻1.24), 1.09 (95% CI: 1.04⁻1.14), and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02⁻1.10), respectively. With respect to the type of cancer, significant hazardous influences of PM2.5 were noticed for lung cancer mortality and non-lung cancer mortality including liver cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, and kidney cancer, respectively, while PM10 had harmful effects on mortality from lung cancer, pancreas cancer, and larynx cancer. Our meta-analysis of cohort studies indicates that exposure to the main air pollutants is associated with increased mortality from all cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bae Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, MyongJi Hospital, Hanyang University Medical Center, 14-55 Hwasu-ro, Deokyang-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10475, Korea.
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Jae-Yong Shim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Byoungjin Park
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, 225 Gumhak-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17046, Korea.
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 UnJu-ro, Seoul 06273, Korea.
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Kim KJ, Shin J, Choi J. Cancer Risk from Exposure to Particulate Matter and Ozone According to Obesity and Health-Related Behaviors: A Nationwide Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 28:357-362. [PMID: 30420440 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little evidence of an association between cancer risk and long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter <10 μm (PM10) and ozone (O3), according to obesity and health-related behaviors. METHODS In the 2012 Korean Community Health Survey, survey data on socioeconomic characteristics, health-related behaviors, and previous cancer history were collected from 100,867 participants. Daily average concentrations of PM10 and O3 (2003-2012) were obtained from the Korean Air Pollutants Emission Service. The cancer risks for interquartile increases in PM10 and O3 were evaluated using multiple logistic regression and were stratified by age, sex, obesity, and health-related behaviors. RESULTS Increased cancer risk was found among obese subjects aged ≥50 years after adjusting for confounding factors [PM10: ≥60 years: OR 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.74; 50-60 years: OR 1.40, CI 1.01-1.96; O3: ≥60 years: OR 1.12, CI 1.04-1.20; 50-60 years: OR 1.20, CI 1.08-1.33]. However, we did not observe similar trends in the nonobese subjects. Among obese subjects aged ≥50 who had been exposed to PM10, men, ever smokers, and inactive subjects were at increased cancer risk. Regarding O3, the cancer risk was significantly higher among obese adults >50 years old, regardless of sex or health-related behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to PM10 and O3 was found to increase cancer risk. In particular, the risk differed according to obesity status, age, sex, and health-related behaviors. IMPACT The effect of air pollution on cancer risk was compounded by obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity among subjects over 50 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Jin Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jaekyung Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Bauleo L, Bucci S, Antonucci C, Sozzi R, Davoli M, Forastiere F, Ancona C. Long-term exposure to air pollutants from multiple sources and mortality in an industrial area: a cohort study. Occup Environ Med 2018; 76:48-57. [PMID: 30217927 PMCID: PMC6327870 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Residents near industrial areas are exposed to several toxins from various sources and the assessment of the health effects is difficult. The area of Civitavecchia (Italy) has several sources of environmental contamination with potential health effects. We evaluated the association between exposure to pollutants from multiple sources and mortality in a cohort of people living in the area. Methods All residents of the area in 1996 were enrolled (from municipal registers) and followed until 2013. Long-term exposures to emissions from industrial sources (PM10) and traffic (NOx) at the residential addresses were assessed using a dispersion model. Residence close to the harbour was also considered. Cox survival analysis was conducted including a linear term for industrial PM10 and NOx exposure and a dichotomous variable to indicate residence within 500 m of the harbour. Age, sex, calendar period, occupation and area-based socioeconomic position (SEP) were considered (HRs, 95% CI). Results 71 362 people were enrolled (52% female, 43% low SEP) and 14 844 died during the follow-up. We found an association between industrial PM10 and mortality from non-accidental causes (HR=1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.12), all cancers (HR=1.11, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.21) and cardiac diseases (HR=1.12, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.23). We also found an association between NOx exposure from traffic and mortality from all cancers (HR=1.13, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.26) and neurological diseases (HR=1.50, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.20). Living near the harbour was associated with higher mortality from lung cancer (HR=1.31, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.66) and neurological diseases (HR=1.51, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.18). Conclusions Estimated exposures to different pollution sources in this area were independently associated with several mortality outcomes while adjusting for occupation and socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bauleo
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Bucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Antonucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Sozzi
- Atmosphere Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Davoli
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Ancona
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
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Chan CS, Lin YK, Kao YH, Chen YC, Chen SA, Chen YJ. Hydrogen sulphide increases pulmonary veins and atrial arrhythmogenesis with activation of protein kinase C. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3503-3513. [PMID: 29659148 PMCID: PMC6010708 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S), one of the most common toxic air pollutants, is an important aetiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). Pulmonary veins (PVs) and left atrium (LA) are the most important AF trigger and substrate. We investigated whether H2 S may modulate the arrhythmogenesis of PVs and atria. Conventional microelectrodes and whole-cell patch clamp were performed in rabbit PV, sinoatrial node (SAN) or atrial cardiomyocytes before and after the perfusion of NaHS with or without chelerythrine (a selective PKC inhibitor), rottlerin (a specific PKC δ inhibitor) or KB-R7943 (a NCX inhibitor). NaHS reduced spontaneous beating rates, but increased the occurrences of delayed afterdepolarizations and burst firing in PVs and SANs. NaHS (100 μmol/L) increased IKATP and INCX in PV and LA cardiomyocytes, which were attenuated by chelerythrine (3 μmol/L). Chelerythrine, rottlerin (10 μmol/L) or KB-R7943 (10 μmol/L) attenuated the arrhythmogenic effects of NaHS on PVs or SANs. NaHS shortened the action potential duration in LA, but not in right atrium or in the presence of chelerythrine. NaHS increased PKC activity, but did not translocate PKC isoforms α, ε to membrane in LA. In conclusion, through protein kinase C signalling, H2 S increases PV and atrial arrhythmogenesis, which may contribute to air pollution-induced AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Shun Chan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kuo Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hart JE, Bertrand KA, DuPre N, James P, Vieira VM, VoPham T, Mittleman MR, Tamimi RM, Laden F. Exposure to hazardous air pollutants and risk of incident breast cancer in the nurses' health study II. Environ Health 2018; 17:28. [PMID: 29587753 PMCID: PMC5870204 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0372-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings from a recent prospective cohort study in California suggested increased risk of breast cancer associated with higher exposure to certain carcinogenic and estrogen-disrupting hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). However, to date, no nationwide studies have evaluated these possible associations. Our objective was to examine the impacts of mammary carcinogen and estrogen disrupting HAPs on risk of invasive breast cancer in a nationwide cohort. METHODS We assigned HAPs from the US Environmental Protection Agency's 2002 National Air Toxics Assessment to 109,239 members of the nationwide, prospective Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII). Risk of overall invasive, estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (ER+), and ER-negative (ER-) breast cancer with increasing quartiles of exposure were assessed in time-varying multivariable proportional hazards models, adjusted for traditional breast cancer risk factors. RESULTS A total of 3321 invasive cases occurred (2160 ER+, 558 ER-) during follow-up 1989-2011. Overall, there was no consistent pattern of elevated risk of the HAPs with risk of breast cancer. Suggestive elevations were only seen with increasing 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane exposures (multivariable adjusted HR of overall breast cancer = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.98-1.29; ER+ breast cancer HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.30; ER- breast cancer HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.61; each in the top exposure quartile compared to the lowest). CONCLUSIONS Exposures to HAPs during adulthood were not consistently associated with an increased risk of overall or estrogen-receptor subtypes of invasive breast cancer in this nationwide cohort of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime E. Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA 02215 USA
- Exposure, Epidemiology, and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Natalie DuPre
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Trang VoPham
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA 02215 USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Maggie R. Mittleman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Rulla M. Tamimi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA 02215 USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA 02215 USA
- Exposure, Epidemiology, and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
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Hart JE, Bertrand KA, DuPre N, James P, Vieira VM, VoPham T, Mittleman MR, Tamimi RM, Laden F. Exposure to hazardous air pollutants and risk of incident breast cancer in the nurses' health study II. Environ Health 2018. [PMID: 29587753 DOI: 10.1186/sl2940-018-0372-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings from a recent prospective cohort study in California suggested increased risk of breast cancer associated with higher exposure to certain carcinogenic and estrogen-disrupting hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). However, to date, no nationwide studies have evaluated these possible associations. Our objective was to examine the impacts of mammary carcinogen and estrogen disrupting HAPs on risk of invasive breast cancer in a nationwide cohort. METHODS We assigned HAPs from the US Environmental Protection Agency's 2002 National Air Toxics Assessment to 109,239 members of the nationwide, prospective Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII). Risk of overall invasive, estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (ER+), and ER-negative (ER-) breast cancer with increasing quartiles of exposure were assessed in time-varying multivariable proportional hazards models, adjusted for traditional breast cancer risk factors. RESULTS A total of 3321 invasive cases occurred (2160 ER+, 558 ER-) during follow-up 1989-2011. Overall, there was no consistent pattern of elevated risk of the HAPs with risk of breast cancer. Suggestive elevations were only seen with increasing 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane exposures (multivariable adjusted HR of overall breast cancer = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.98-1.29; ER+ breast cancer HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.30; ER- breast cancer HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.61; each in the top exposure quartile compared to the lowest). CONCLUSIONS Exposures to HAPs during adulthood were not consistently associated with an increased risk of overall or estrogen-receptor subtypes of invasive breast cancer in this nationwide cohort of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime E Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Exposure, Epidemiology, and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Natalie DuPre
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Trang VoPham
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maggie R Mittleman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Dr, Landmark Center, 3rd Floor West (BWH/HSPH), Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Exposure, Epidemiology, and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Orru H, Idavain J, Pindus M, Orru K, Kesanurm K, Lang A, Tomasova J. Residents' Self-Reported Health Effects and Annoyance in Relation to Air Pollution Exposure in an Industrial Area in Eastern-Estonia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E252. [PMID: 29393920 PMCID: PMC5858321 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Eastern Estonia has large oil shale mines and industrial facilities mainly focused on electricity generation from oil shale and shale oil extraction, which produce high air pollution emissions. The "Study of the health impact of the oil shale sector-SOHOS" was aimed at identifying the impacts on residents' health and annoyance due to the industrial processing. First, a population-wide survey about health effects and annoyance was carried out. Second, the total and oil shale sectors' emitted concentrations of benzene, phenol, and PM2.5 were modelled. Third, the differences between groups were tested and relationships between health effects and environmental pollution studied using multiple regression analysis. Compared to the control groups from non-industrial areas in Tartu or Lääne-Viru, residents of Ida-Viru more frequently (p < 0.05) reported wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, asthma attacks, a long-term cough, hypertension, heart diseases, myocardial infarction, stroke, and diabetes. All health effects except asthma were reported more frequently among non-Estonians. People living in regions with higher levels of PM2.5, had significantly higher odds (p < 0.05) of experiencing chest tightness (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.26), shortness of breath (1.16, 1.03-1.31) or an asthma attack (1.22, 1.04-1.42) during the previous year. People living in regions with higher levels of benzene had higher odds of experiencing myocardial infarction (1.98, 1.11-3.53) and with higher levels of phenol chest tightness (1.44, 1.03-2.00), long-term cough (1.48, 1.06-2.07) and myocardial infarction (2.17, 1.23-3.83). The prevalence of adverse health effects was also higher among those who had been working in the oil shale sector. Next to direct health effects, up to a quarter of the residents of Ida-Viru County were highly annoyed about air pollution. Perceived health risk from air pollution increased the odds of being annoyed. Annoyed people in Ida-Viru had significantly higher odds of experiencing respiratory symptoms during the last 12 months, e.g., wheezing (2.30, 1.31-4.04), chest tightness (2.88, 1.91-4.33 or attack of coughing (1.99, 1.34-2.95).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Orru
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, SE-901 87 Umea, Sweden.
| | - Jane Idavain
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
- National Institute for Health Development, Hiiu 14, 11619 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Mihkel Pindus
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Kati Orru
- Institute of Social Sciences, University of Tartu, Lossi 36, 51003 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Kaisa Kesanurm
- Estonian Environmental Research Centre, Marja 4d, 10614 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Aavo Lang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
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Li L, Wang L, Li J, Fan Z, Yang L, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Yue D, Qin G, Zhang T, Li F, Chen X, Ping Y, Wang D, Gao Q, He Q, Huang L, Li H, Huang J, Zhao X, Xue W, Sun Z, Lu J, Yu JJ, Zhao J, Zhang B, Zhang Y. Metformin-Induced Reduction of CD39 and CD73 Blocks Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Activity in Patients with Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1779-1791. [PMID: 29374065 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metformin is a broadly prescribed drug for type 2 diabetes that exerts antitumor activity, yet the mechanisms underlying this activity remain unclear. We show here that metformin treatment blocks the suppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in patients with ovarian cancer by downregulating the expression and ectoenzymatic activity of CD39 and CD73 on monocytic and polymononuclear MDSC subsets. Metformin triggered activation of AMP-activated protein kinase α and subsequently suppressed hypoxia-inducible factor α, which was critical for induction of CD39/CD73 expression in MDSC. Furthermore, metformin treatment correlated with longer overall survival in diabetic patients with ovarian cancer, which was accompanied by a metformin-induced reduction in the frequency of circulating CD39+CD73+ MDSC and a concomitant increase in the antitumor activities of circulating CD8+ T cells. Our results highlight a direct effect of metformin on MDSC and suggest that metformin may yield clinical benefit through improvement of antitumor T-cell immunity by dampening CD39/CD73-dependent MDSC immunosuppression in ovarian cancer patients.Significance: The antitumor activity of an antidiabetes drug is attributable to reduced immunosuppressive activity of myeloid-derived tumor suppressor cells. Cancer Res; 78(7); 1779-91. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jieyao Li
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhirui Fan
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Chaoqi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Dongli Yue
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Guohui Qin
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xinfeng Chen
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ping
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Qun Gao
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Qianyi He
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Lan Huang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Huang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jingli Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jane J Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China. .,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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48
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Turner MC, Krewski D, Diver WR, Pope CA, Burnett RT, Jerrett M, Marshall JD, Gapstur SM. Ambient Air Pollution and Cancer Mortality in the Cancer Prevention Study II. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:087013. [PMID: 28886601 PMCID: PMC5783657 DOI: 10.1289/ehp1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified both outdoor air pollution and airborne particulate matter as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) for lung cancer. There may be associations with cancer at other sites; however, the epidemiological evidence is limited. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to clarify whether ambient air pollution is associated with specific types of cancer other than lung cancer by examining associations of ambient air pollution with nonlung cancer death in the Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II). METHODS Analysis included 623,048 CPS-II participants who were followed for 22 y (1982-2004). Modeled estimates of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5µm (PM2.5) (1999-2004), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (2006), and ozone (O3) (2002-2004) concentrations were linked to the participant residence at enrollment. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations per each fifth percentile-mean increment with cancer mortality at 29 anatomic sites, adjusted for individual and ecological covariates. RESULTS We observed 43,320 nonlung cancer deaths. PM2.5 was significantly positively associated with death from cancers of the kidney {adjusted hazard ratio (HR) per 4.4 μg/m3=1.14 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.27]} and bladder [HR=1.13 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.23)]. NO2 was positively associated with colorectal cancer mortality [HR per 6.5 ppb=1.06 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.10). The results were similar in two-pollutant models including PM2.5 and NO2 and in three-pollutant models with O3. We observed no statistically significant positive associations with death from other types of cancer based on results from adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS The results from this large prospective study suggest that ambient air pollution was not associated with death from most nonlung cancers, but associations with kidney, bladder, and colorectal cancer death warrant further investigation. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1249.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Turner
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) , Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) , Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Krewski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
| | - W Ryan Diver
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society , Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - C Arden Pope
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University , Provo, Utah, USA
| | | | - Michael Jerrett
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Julian D Marshall
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society , Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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49
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Lechien JR, Finck C, Huet K, Khalife M, Fourneau AF, Delvaux V, Piccaluga M, Harmegnies B, Saussez S. Impact of age on laryngopharyngeal reflux disease presentation: a multi-center prospective study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 274:3687-3696. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-017-4671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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50
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Caggiano R, Calamita G, Sabia S, Trippetta S. Biomonitoring of atmospheric pollution: a novel approach for the evaluation of natural and anthropogenic contribution to atmospheric aerosol particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8578-8587. [PMID: 28194674 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8534-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of the potential natural and anthropogenic contribution to atmospheric aerosol particles by using lichen-bag technique was performed in the Agri Valley (Basilicata region, southern Italy). This is an area of international concern since it houses one of the largest European on-shore reservoirs and the biggest oil/gas pre-treatment plant (i.e., Centro Olio Val d'Agri (COVA)) within an anthropized context. In particular, the concentrations of 17 trace elements (Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Ti, and Zn) were measured in lichen bags exposed in 59 selected monitoring points over periods of 6 months (from October 2011 to April 2012) and 12 months (from October 2011 to October 2012). The general origin of the main air masses affecting the sampling site during the study period was assessed by the back trajectories clustering calculated using the HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results allowed the identification and characterization of the crustal material, smoke, sea salt, sulfate, and anthropogenic trace element contributions to the atmospheric aerosol particles in the study area. Finally, the application of the trend surface analysis (TSA) allowed the study of the spatial distribution of the considered contributions highlighting the existence of a continuous broad variation of these contributions in the area of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Caggiano
- IMAA, Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale, CNR, C.da S. Loja, Z.I, 85050, Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- IMAA, Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale, CNR, C.da S. Loja, Z.I, 85050, Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy
| | - Serena Sabia
- IMAA, Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale, CNR, C.da S. Loja, Z.I, 85050, Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy
| | - Serena Trippetta
- IMAA, Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale, CNR, C.da S. Loja, Z.I, 85050, Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy
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