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Padalhin A, Abueva C, Ryu HS, Yoo SH, Seo HH, Park SY, Chung PS, Woo SH. Impact of Thermo-Responsive N-Acetylcysteine Hydrogel on Dermal Wound Healing and Oral Ulcer Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4835. [PMID: 38732054 PMCID: PMC11084650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the efficacy of a thermo-responsive N-acetylcysteine (NAC) hydrogel on wound healing and oral ulcer recovery. Formulated by combining NAC with methylcellulose, the hydrogel's properties were assessed for temperature-induced gelation and cell viability using human fibroblast cells. In vivo experiments on Sprague Dawley rats compared the hydrogel's effects against saline, NAC solution, and a commercial NAC product. Results show that a 5% NAC and 1% methylcellulose solution exhibited optimal outcomes. While modest improvements in wound healing were observed, significant enhancements were noted in oral ulcer recovery, with histological analyses indicating fully regenerated mucosal tissue. The study concludes that modifying viscosity enhances NAC retention, facilitating tissue regeneration. These findings support previous research on the beneficial effects of antioxidant application on damaged tissues, suggesting the potential of NAC hydrogels in improving wound care and oral ulcer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Padalhin
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (A.P.); (C.A.); (H.S.R.); (S.Y.P.); (P.-S.C.)
| | - Celine Abueva
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (A.P.); (C.A.); (H.S.R.); (S.Y.P.); (P.-S.C.)
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Ryu
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (A.P.); (C.A.); (H.S.R.); (S.Y.P.); (P.-S.C.)
| | - Seung Hyeon Yoo
- School of Medical Lasers, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (S.H.Y.); (H.H.S.)
| | - Hwee Hyon Seo
- School of Medical Lasers, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (S.H.Y.); (H.H.S.)
| | - So Young Park
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (A.P.); (C.A.); (H.S.R.); (S.Y.P.); (P.-S.C.)
| | - Phil-Sang Chung
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (A.P.); (C.A.); (H.S.R.); (S.Y.P.); (P.-S.C.)
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Woo
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (A.P.); (C.A.); (H.S.R.); (S.Y.P.); (P.-S.C.)
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Mariottini A, Marchi L, Innocenti C, Di Cristinzi M, Pasca M, Filippini S, Barilaro A, Mechi C, Fani A, Mazzanti B, Biagioli T, Materozzi F, Saccardi R, Massacesi L, Repice AM. Intermediate-Intensity Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Reduces Serum Neurofilament Light Chains and Brain Atrophy in Aggressive Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:820256. [PMID: 35280289 PMCID: PMC8907141 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.820256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAutologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is highly effective in reducing new inflammatory activity in aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS). A remarkable decrease of serum neurofilament light chains (sNfL) concentration, a marker of axonal damage, was reported in MS following high-intensity regimen AHSCT, but hints for potential neurotoxicity had emerged. sNfL and brain atrophy were therefore analysed in a cohort of patients with aggressive MS treated with intermediate-intensity AHSCT, exploring whether sNfL might be a reliable marker of disability progression independent from new inflammation (i.e. relapses and/or new/gadolinium-enhancing MRI focal lesions).MethodssNfL concentrations were measured using SIMOA methodology in peripheral blood from relapsing-remitting (RR-) or secondary-progressive (SP-) MS patients undergoing AHSCT (MS AHSCT), collected before transplant and at months 6 and 24 following the procedure. sNfL measured at a single timepoint in SP-MS patients not treated with AHSCT without recent inflammatory activity (SP-MS CTRL) and healthy subjects (HD) were used as controls. The rate of brain volume loss (AR-BVL) was also evaluated by MRI in MS AHSCT cases.ResultsThirty-eight MS AHSCT (28 RR-MS; 10 SP-MS), 22 SP-MS CTRL and 19 HD were included. Baseline median sNfL concentrations were remarkably higher in the MS AHSCT than in the SP-MS CTRL and HD groups (p = 0.005 and <0.0001, respectively), and levels correlated with recent inflammatory activity. After a marginal (not significant) median increase observed at month 6, at month 24 following AHSCT sNfL concentrations decreased compared to baseline by median 42.8 pg/mL (range 2.4–217.3; p = 0.039), reducing by at least 50% in 13 cases, and did not differ from SP-MS CTRL (p = 0.110) but were still higher than in HD (p < 0.0001). Post-AHSCT AR-BVL normalised in 55% of RR-MS and in 30% of SP-MS. The effectiveness and safety of AHSCT were aligned with the literature.ConclusionsNfL concentrations correlated with recent inflammatory activity and were massively and persistently reduced by intermediate-intensity AHSCT. Association with response to treatment assessed by clinical or MRI outcomes was not observed, suggesting a good sensitivity of sNfL for recent inflammatory activity but low sensitivity in detecting ongoing axonal damage independent from new focal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Mariottini
- Department of Neurosciences, Drug and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Neurology 2 and Tuscan Region Multiple Sclerosis Referral Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Marchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Drug and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Innocenti
- Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Di Cristinzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Drug and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Pasca
- Department of Neurosciences, Drug and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Filippini
- Department of Neurosciences, Drug and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Barilaro
- Department of Neurology 2 and Tuscan Region Multiple Sclerosis Referral Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Mechi
- Department of Neurology 2 and Tuscan Region Multiple Sclerosis Referral Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Arianna Fani
- Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzanti
- Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Tiziana Biagioli
- General Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Materozzi
- Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Saccardi
- Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Massacesi
- Department of Neurosciences, Drug and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Neurology 2 and Tuscan Region Multiple Sclerosis Referral Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
- *Correspondence: Luca Massacesi
| | - Anna Maria Repice
- Department of Neurology 2 and Tuscan Region Multiple Sclerosis Referral Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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3
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Aljabri A, Halawani A, Bin Lajdam G, Labban S, Alshehri S, Felemban R. The Safety and Efficacy of Stem Cell Therapy as an Emerging Therapy for ALS: A Systematic Review of Controlled Clinical Trials. Front Neurol 2021; 12:783122. [PMID: 34938264 PMCID: PMC8685950 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.783122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with a heterogeneous course that ultimately leads to death. Currently, there is no cure, and new treatments that can slow the progression of the disease are needed. Stem cell (SC) transplantation is an emerging therapy that has shown a lot of potential in recent clinical trials. This review is aimed to examine the results of various clinical trials on this topic, thus assessing the safety and efficacy of SC transplantation as a potential treatment for ALS. We identified 748 studies in our search, of which 134 full-text studies were assessed for eligibility. Six studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Although some of the included studies showed the positive effect of SC transplantation, other studies found that there was no significant difference compared to the control group. We observed more positive effects with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) treatments than Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) ones. However, other factors, such as route of administration, number of doses, and number of cells per dose, could also play a role in this discrepancy. Based on this information, we conclude that more properly conducted clinical trials are needed to appreciate the benefit of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Aljabri
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain Halawani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghassan Bin Lajdam
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Labban
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razaz Felemban
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Hurd MD, Goel I, Sakai Y, Teramura Y. Current status of ischemic stroke treatment: From thrombolysis to potential regenerative medicine. Regen Ther 2021; 18:408-417. [PMID: 34722837 PMCID: PMC8517544 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and is expected to increase in the future with the aging population. Currently, there are no clinically available treatments for damage sustained during an ischemic stroke, but much research is being conducted in this area. In this review, we will introduce current ischemic stroke treatments along with their limitations, as well as research on potential short and long-term future treatments. There are advantages and disadvantages in these potential treatments, but our understanding of these methods and their effectiveness in clinical trials are improving. We are confident that some future treatments introduced in this review will become commonly used in clinical settings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason Daniel Hurd
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Isha Goel
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yuji Teramura
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute (CMB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central fifth, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
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Hernández R, Jiménez-Luna C, Ortiz R, Setién F, López M, Perazzoli G, Esteller M, Berdasco M, Prados J, Melguizo C. Impact of the Epigenetically Regulated Hoxa-5 Gene in Neural Differentiation from Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080802. [PMID: 34440035 PMCID: PMC8389620 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) may be used in some nervous system pathologies, although obtaining an adequate degree of neuronal differentiation is an important barrier to their applicability. This requires a deep understanding of the expression and epigenetic changes of the most important genes involved in their differentiation. We used hASCs from human lipoaspirates to induce neuronal-like cells through three protocols (Neu1, 2, and 3), determined the degree of neuronal differentiation using specific biomarkers in culture cells and neurospheres, and analyzed epigenetic changes of genes involved in this differentiation. Furthermore, we selected the Hoxa-5 gene to determine its potential to improve neuronal differentiation. Our results showed that an excellent hASC neuronal differentiation process using Neu1 which efficiently modulated NES, CHAT, SNAP25, or SCN9A neuronal marker expression. In addition, epigenetic studies showed relevant changes in Hoxa-5, GRM4, FGFR1, RTEL1, METRN, and PAX9 genes. Functional studies of the Hoxa-5 gene using CRISPR/dCas9 and lentiviral systems showed that its overexpression induced hASCs neuronal differentiation that was accelerated with the exposure to Neu1. These results suggest that Hoxa-5 is an essential gene in hASCs neuronal differentiation and therefore, a potential candidate for the development of cell therapy strategies in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Hernández
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.H.); (C.J.-L.); (R.O.); (G.P.); (C.M.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Jiménez-Luna
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.H.); (C.J.-L.); (R.O.); (G.P.); (C.M.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Raúl Ortiz
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.H.); (C.J.-L.); (R.O.); (G.P.); (C.M.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Setién
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (F.S.); (M.L.); (M.E.); (M.B.)
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Cancer and Leukemia Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBCL), Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel López
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (F.S.); (M.L.); (M.E.); (M.B.)
- Epigenetic Therapies Group, Experimental and Clinical Hematology Program (PHEC), Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.H.); (C.J.-L.); (R.O.); (G.P.); (C.M.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (F.S.); (M.L.); (M.E.); (M.B.)
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Cancer and Leukemia Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBCL), Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Berdasco
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (F.S.); (M.L.); (M.E.); (M.B.)
- Epigenetic Therapies Group, Experimental and Clinical Hematology Program (PHEC), Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.H.); (C.J.-L.); (R.O.); (G.P.); (C.M.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.H.); (C.J.-L.); (R.O.); (G.P.); (C.M.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Zhang Z, Oh M, Sasaki JI, Nör JE. Inverse and reciprocal regulation of p53/p21 and Bmi-1 modulates vasculogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:644. [PMID: 34168122 PMCID: PMC8225874 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are capable of differentiating into vascular endothelial cells. Although the capacity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to induce endothelial differentiation of stem cells is well established, mechanisms that maintain stemness and prevent vasculogenic differentiation remain unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that p53 signaling through p21 and Bmi-1 maintains stemness and inhibits vasculogenic differentiation. To address this hypothesis, we used primary human DPSC from permanent teeth and Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous (SHED) teeth as models of postnatal mesenchymal stem cells. DPSC seeded in biodegradable scaffolds and transplanted into immunodeficient mice generated mature human blood vessels invested with smooth muscle actin-positive mural cells. Knockdown of p53 was sufficient to induce vasculogenic differentiation of DPSC (without vasculogenic differentiation medium containing VEGF), as shown by increased expression of endothelial markers (VEGFR2, Tie-2, CD31, VE-cadherin), increased capillary sprouting in vitro; and increased DPSC-derived blood vessel density in vivo. Conversely, induction of p53 expression with small molecule inhibitors of the p53-MDM2 binding (MI-773, APG-115) was sufficient to inhibit VEGF-induced vasculogenic differentiation. Considering that p21 is a major downstream effector of p53, we knocked down p21 in DPSC and observed an increase in capillary sprouting that mimicked results observed when p53 was knocked down. Stabilization of ubiquitin activity was sufficient to induce p53 and p21 expression and reduce capillary sprouting. Interestingly, we observed an inverse and reciprocal correlation between p53/p21 and the expression of Bmi-1, a major regulator of stem cell self-renewal. Further, direct inhibition of Bmi-1 with PTC-209 resulted in blockade of capillary-like sprout formation. Collectively, these data demonstrate that p53/p21 functions through Bmi-1 to prevent the vasculogenic differentiation of DPSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocheng Zhang
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Min Oh
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jun-Ichi Sasaki
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jacques E Nör
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Bonilla C, Zurita M. Cell-Based Therapies for Traumatic Brain Injury: Therapeutic Treatments and Clinical Trials. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060669. [PMID: 34200905 PMCID: PMC8230536 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents physical damage to the brain tissue that induces transitory or permanent neurological disabilities. TBI contributes to 50% of all trauma deaths, with many enduring long-term consequences and significant medical and rehabilitation costs. There is currently no therapy to reverse the effects associated with TBI. An increasing amount of research has been undertaken regarding the use of different stem cells (SCs) to treat the consequences of brain damage. Neural stem cells (NSCs) (adult and embryonic) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown efficacy in pre-clinical models of TBI and in their introduction to clinical research. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of TBI and the state of clinical trials aimed at evaluating the use of stem cell-based therapies in TBI. The primary aim of these studies is to investigate the safety and efficacy of the use of SCs to treat this disease. Although an increasing number of studies are being carried out, few results are currently available. In addition, we present our research regarding the use of cell therapy in TBI. There is still a significant lack of understanding regarding the cell therapy mechanisms for the treatment of TBI. Thus, future studies are needed to evaluate the feasibility of the transplantation of SCs in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Bonilla
- Cell Therapy Unit, Puerta de Hierro Hospital, 28222 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-191-7879
| | - Mercedes Zurita
- Cell Therapy Unit Responsable, Puerta de Hierro Hospital, 28222 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain;
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Muthu S, Jeyaraman M, Gulati A, Arora A. Current evidence on mesenchymal stem cell therapy for traumatic spinal cord injury: systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytotherapy 2021; 23:186-197. [PMID: 33183980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The authors aim to analyze the evidence in the literature regarding the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in human subjects with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and identify its potential role in the management of SCI. METHODS The authors conducted independent and duplicate searches of electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library, until May 2020 for studies analyzing the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy for SCI. American Spine Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale (AIS) grade improvement, ASIA sensorimotor score, activities of daily living score, residual urine volume, bladder function improvement, somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) improvement and adverse reactions were the outcomes analyzed. Analysis was performed in R platform using OpenMeta[Analyst] software. RESULTS Nineteen studies involving 670 patients were included for analysis. On analysis, the intervention group showed statistically significant improvement in AIS grade (P < 0.001), ASIA sensory score (P < 0.017), light touch (P < 0.001), pinprick (P = 0.046), bladder function (P = 0.012), residual urine volume (P = 0.023) and SSEP (P = 0.002). However, no significant difference was noted in motor score (P = 0.193) or activities of daily living score (P = 0.161). Although the intervention group had a significant increase in complications (P < 0.001), no serious or permanent adverse events were reported. On subgroup analysis, low concentration of MSCs (<5 × 107 cells) and initial AIS grade A presentation showed significantly better outcomes than their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The authors' analysis establishes the efficacy and safety of MSC transplantation in terms of improvement in AIS grade, ASIA sensory score, bladder function and electrophysiological parameters like SSEP compared with controls, without major adverse events. However, further research is needed to standardize dose, timing, route and source of MSCs used for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Muthu
- Government Hospital, Velayuthampalayam, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India; Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Indian Stem Cells Study Group, Lucknow, India.
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Indian Stem Cells Study Group, Lucknow, India; Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Arun Gulati
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College & Hospital, Karnal, India
| | - Arunabh Arora
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
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Barati S, Tahmasebi F, Faghihi F. Effects of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on multiple sclerosis patients. Neuropeptides 2020; 84:102095. [PMID: 33059244 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with symptoms such as neuroinflammation and axonal degeneration. Existing drugs help reduce inflammatory conditions and protect CNS from demyelination and axonal damage; however, these drugs are unable to enhance axonal repair and remyelination. In this regard, cell therapy is considered as a promising regenerative approach to MS treatment. High immunomodulatory capacity, neuro-differentiation and neuroprotection properties have made Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) particularly useful for regenerative medicine. There are scant studies on the role of MSCs in patients suffering from MS. The low number of MS patients and the lack of control groups in these studies may explain the lack of beneficial effects of MSC transplantation in cell therapies. In this review, we evaluated the beneficial effects of MSC transplantation in clinical studies in terms of immunomodulatory, remyelinating and neuroprotecting properties of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Barati
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tahmasebi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faeze Faghihi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Padnahad Co.Ltd, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Wang JP, Liao YT, Wu SH, Chiang ER, Hsu SH, Tseng TC, Hung SC. Mesenchymal stem cells from a hypoxic culture improve nerve regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1804-1814. [PMID: 32976700 DOI: 10.1002/term.3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Repairing the peripheral nerves following a segmental defect injury remains surgically challenging. Because of some disadvantages of nerve grafts, nerve regeneration, such as conduits combined with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), may serve as an alternative. BMSCs expand under hypoxic conditions, decrease in senescence, and increase in proliferation and differentiation potential into the bone, fat, and cartilage. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether BMSCs increased the neuronal differentiation potential following expansion under hypoxic conditions. Isolated human BMSCs (hBMSCs) expand under hypoxia or normoxia, and neuronal differentiation proceeds under normoxia. in vitro tests revealed hypoxia culture enhanced the RNA and protein expression of neuronal markers. The electrophysiology of hBMSC-differentiated neuron-like cells was also enhanced by the hypoxia culturing. Our animal model indicated that the potential treatment of hypoxic rat BMSCs (rBMSCs) was better than that of normoxic rBMSCs because the conduit with the hypoxic rBMSCs injection demonstrated the highest recovery rate of gastrocnemius muscle weights. There were more toluidine blue-stained myelinated nerve fibers in the hypoxic rBMSCs group than in the normoxic group. To sum up, BMSCs cultured under hypoxia increased the potential of neuronal differentiation both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Pan Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Hsien Wu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Rung Chiang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chen Tseng
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Graduate Institute of New Drug Development, Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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The Fate of Transplanted Olfactory Progenitors Is Conditioned by the Cell Phenotypes of the Receiver Brain Tissue in Cocultures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197249. [PMID: 33008128 PMCID: PMC7582579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the numerous candidates for cell therapy of the central nervous system (CNS), olfactory progenitors (OPs) represent an interesting alternative because they are free of ethical concerns, are easy to collect, and allow autologous transplantation. In the present study, we focused on the optimization of neuron production and maturation. It is known that plated OPs respond to various trophic factors, and we also showed that the use of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) allowed switching from a 60/40 neuron/glia ratio to an 80/20 one. Nevertheless, in order to focus on the integration of OPs in mature neural circuits, we cocultured OPs in primary cultures obtained from the cortex and hippocampus of newborn mice. When dissociated OPs were plated, they differentiated into both glial and neuronal phenotypes, but we obtained a 1.5-fold higher viability in cortex/OP cocultures than in hippocampus/OP ones. The fate of OPs in cocultures was characterized with different markers such as BrdU, Map-2, and Synapsin, indicating a healthy integration. These results suggest that the integration of transplanted OPs might by affected by trophic factors and the environmental conditions/cell phenotypes of the host tissue. Thus, a model of coculture could provide useful information on key cell events for the use of progenitors in cell therapy.
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12
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Hemmati S, Ahmeda A, Salehabadi Y, Zangeneh A, Zangeneh MM. Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of cytotoxicity, antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, and cutaneous wound healing effects of copper nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Strawberry fruit and l-Ascorbic acid. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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13
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Zhang C, Liu J, Ahmeda A, Liu Y, Feng J, Guan H, Li C, Nowrozi M, Zangeneh MM, Zangeneh A, Almasi M. Biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles using
Allium saralicum
R.M. Fritsch leaf extract; Chemical characterization and analysis of their cytotoxicity, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and cutaneous wound healing properties. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunnan Zhang
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHeilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin 150000 China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Rehabilitation DepartmentHeilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin 150000 China
| | - Ahmad Ahmeda
- College of Medicine, QU HealthQatar University Doha Qatar
| | - Yandong Liu
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHeilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin 150000 China
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHeilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin 150000 China
| | - Hui Guan
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHeilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin 150000 China
| | - Cuiyun Li
- Rehabilitation DepartmentHeilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin 150000 China
| | - Masoumeh Nowrozi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineRazi University Kermanshah Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineRazi University Kermanshah Iran
- Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research CenterIlam University of Medical Sciences Ilam Iran
| | - Akram Zangeneh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineRazi University Kermanshah Iran
- Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research CenterIlam University of Medical Sciences Ilam Iran
| | - Maryam Almasi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineRazi University Kermanshah Iran
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14
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Al-Massri KF, Ahmed LA, El-Abhar HS. Mesenchymal stem cells in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A new challenging approach that requires further investigations. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 14:108-122. [PMID: 31677248 DOI: 10.1002/term.2972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs may disrupt the nervous system and cause chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) as side effects. There are no completely successful medications for the prevention or treatment of CIPN. Many drugs such as tricyclic antidepressants and anticonvulsants have been used for symptomatic treatment of CIPN. Unfortunately, these drugs often give only partial relief or have dose-limiting side effects. Thus, the treatment of CIPN becomes a challenge because of failure to regenerate and repair the injured neurons. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a new attractive approach for CIPN. Evidence has demonstrated that MSCs play important roles in reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis, as well as mediating axon regeneration after nerve damage in several experimental studies and some clinical trials. We will briefly review the pathogenesis of CIPN, traditional therapies used and their drawbacks as well as therapeutic effects of MSCs, their related mechanisms, future challenges for their clinical application, and the additional benefit of their combination with pharmacological agents. MSCs-based therapies may provide a new therapeutic strategy for patients suffering from CIPN where further investigations are required for studying their exact mechanisms. Combined therapy with pharmacological agents can provide another promising option for enhancing MSC therapy success while limiting its adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled F Al-Massri
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Palestine, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Lamiaa A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Neuralized mesenchymal stem cells (NMSC) exhibit phenotypical, and biological evidence of neuronal transdifferentiation and suppress EAE more effectively than unmodified MSC. Immunol Lett 2019; 212:6-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Goutman SA, Savelieff MG, Sakowski SA, Feldman EL. Stem cell treatments for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a critical overview of early phase trials. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:525-543. [PMID: 31189354 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1627324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of cortical, brainstem, and spinal motor neurons; it causes progressive muscle weakness and atrophy, respiratory failure, and death. No currently available treatment either stops or reverses this disease. Therapeutics to slow, stop, and reverse ALS are needed. Stem cells may be a viable solution to sustain and nurture diseased motor neurons. Several early-stage clinical trials have been launched to assess the potential of stem cells for ALS treatment. Areas covered: Expert opinion: AREAS COVERED This review covers the key advances from early phase clinical trials of stem cell therapy for ALS and identifies promising avenues and key challenges. EXPERT OPINION Clinical trials in humans are still in the nascent stages of development. It will be critical to ensure that powered, well-controlled trials are conducted, that optimal treatment windows are identified, and that the ideal cell type, cell dose, and delivery site and method are determined. Several trials have used more invasive procedures, and ethical concerns of sham procedures on patients in the control arm and on their safety should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Goutman
- a Department of Neurology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,b Program for Neurology Research & Discovery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| | - Masha G Savelieff
- a Department of Neurology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,b Program for Neurology Research & Discovery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| | - Stacey A Sakowski
- a Department of Neurology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,b Program for Neurology Research & Discovery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- a Department of Neurology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,b Program for Neurology Research & Discovery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
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17
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Ramli K, Aminath Gasim I, Ahmad AA, Hassan S, Law ZK, Tan GC, Baharuddin A, Naicker AS, Htwe O, Mohammed Haflah NH, B H Idrus R, Abdullah S, Ng MH. Human bone marrow-derived MSCs spontaneously express specific Schwann cell markers. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:233-252. [PMID: 30362196 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In peripheral nerve injuries, Schwann cells (SC) play pivotal roles in regenerating damaged nerve. However, the use of SC in clinical cell-based therapy is hampered due to its limited availability. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of using an established induction protocol for human bone marrow derived-MSC (hBM-MSCs) transdifferentiation into a SC lineage. A relatively homogenous culture of hBM-MSCs was first established after serial passaging (P3), with profiles conforming to the minimal criteria set by International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). The cultures (n = 3) were then subjected to a series of induction media containing β-mercaptoethanol, retinoic acid, and growth factors. Quantitative RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry analyses were performed to quantify the expression of specific SC markers, that is, S100, GFAP, MPZ and p75 NGFR, in both undifferentiated and transdifferentiated hBM-MSCs. Based on these analyses, all markers were expressed in undifferentiated hBM-MSCs and MPZ expression (mRNA transcripts) was consistently detected before and after transdifferentiation across all samples. There was upregulation at the transcript level of more than twofolds for NGF, MPB, GDNF, p75 NGFR post-transdifferentiation. This study highlights the existence of spontaneous expression of specific SC markers in cultured hBM-MSCs, inter-donor variability and that MSC transdifferentiation is a heterogenous process. These findings strongly oppose the use of a single marker to indicate SC fate. The heterogenous nature of MSC may influence the efficiency of SC transdifferentiation protocols. Therefore, there is an urgent need to re-define the MSC subpopulations and revise the minimal criteria for MSC identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa Ramli
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ifasha Aminath Gasim
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amir Adham Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Shariful Hassan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zhe Kang Law
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azmi Baharuddin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amaramalar Selvi Naicker
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ohnmar Htwe
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hazla Mohammed Haflah
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruszymah B H Idrus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shalimar Abdullah
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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The Promising Effects of Transplanted Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Treatment in Traumatic Brain Injury. J Craniofac Surg 2018; 29:1689-1692. [PMID: 30234712 PMCID: PMC6200375 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have reported the recovery ability of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) for neural diseases. In this study, the authors explored the roles of UC-MSCs to treat the traumatic brain injury. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from healthy neonatal rat umbilical cord immediately after delivery. The traumatic brain injury (TBI) model was formed by the classical gravity method. The authors detected the behavior changes and measured the levels of inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-lβ and tumor necrosis factor-α by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after transplantation between TBI treated and untreated with UC-MSCs. Simultaneously, the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured by real-time-polymerase chain reaction and ELISA.The authors found that the group of transplantation UC-MSCs has a significant improvement than other group treated by phosphate buffered saline. In the behavioral test, the Neurological Severity Scores of UC-MSCs + TBI group were lower than TBI group (P < 0.05), but not obviously higher than control group at 2, 3, and 4week, respectively. The inflammatory factors are significantly reduced comparison with TBI group (P < 0.05), but both GDNF and BDNF were higher than TBI group (P < 0.05). The results indicated that UC-MSCs might play an important role in TBI recovery through inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors and increasing the expression of GDNF and BDNF.
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19
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Zhang XM, Ma J, Sun Y, Yu BQ, Jiao ZM, Wang D, Yu MY, Li JY, Fu J. Tanshinone IIA promotes the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neuronal-like cells in a spinal cord injury model. J Transl Med 2018; 16:193. [PMID: 30001730 PMCID: PMC6044071 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most severe central nervous system injuries. Currently, transplanting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is considered a therapeutic option for SCI. Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) is one of the extracts obtained from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, which has been shown to have some protective effects against SCI. The present research was aimed to explore whether TIIA would influence the fate of transplanted BMSCs in a rat model of SCI, especially with regard to their differentiation into neuronal cells. Methods Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from immature rats and identified using flow cytometry. After SCI, 1.0 × 107 cells labeled with PKH67 were transfused into the injured spinal cord. TIIA was first injected into the tail vein (30 mg/kg) 1 h before surgery. From day 1 to day 7 post-SCI, TIIA was injected (20 mg/kg) per day at the same time. Recovery of locomotor function and histological regeneration of the spinal cord were compared among the groups, with the differentiation and distribution of BMSCs determined anatomically and biochemically by the expression of neural cell markers. Results Locomotor assessments showed that the rats in the BMSCs + TIIA group exhibited higher scores (19.33 ± 0.58) than those in the other groups (13.67 ± 1.53, 17.67 ± 0.58, 18.00 ± 1.73). The area of the cavity in the BMSCs + TIIA rats was smaller than that in the other groups (1.30 ± 0.56, 10.39 ± 1.59, 6.84 ± 1.18, 4.36 ± 0.69). Co-expression of glial fibrillary acid protein was observed in transplanted BMSCs, with a reduced rate in the BMSCs + TIIA group relative to that in the SCI group. In contrast, the expression levels of Nestin, neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN) and neurofilament protein 200 (NF200) were greatest in the transplanted cells in the BMSCs + TIIA group. Conclusions Tanshinone IIA treatment enhances the therapeutic effects of BMSC transplant on SCI, likely by promoting the differentiation of neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Qian Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Min Jiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Yu Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Yue Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Fu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Okolicsanyi RK, Oikari LE, Yu C, Griffiths LR, Haupt LM. Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans as Drivers of Neural Progenitors Derived From Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:134. [PMID: 29740281 PMCID: PMC5928449 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to their relative ease of isolation and their high ex vivo and in vitro expansive potential, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are an attractive candidate for therapeutic applications in the treatment of brain injury and neurological diseases. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are a family of ubiquitous proteins involved in a number of vital cellular processes including proliferation and stem cell lineage differentiation. Methods: Following the determination that hMSCs maintain neural potential throughout extended in vitro expansion, we examined the role of HSPGs in mediating the neural potential of hMSCs. hMSCs cultured in basal conditions (undifferentiated monolayer cultures) were found to co-express neural markers and HSPGs throughout expansion with modulation of the in vitro niche through the addition of exogenous HS influencing cellular HSPG and neural marker expression. Results: Conversion of hMSCs into hMSC Induced Neurospheres (hMSC IN) identified distinctly localized HSPG staining within the spheres along with altered gene expression of HSPG core protein and biosynthetic enzymes when compared to undifferentiated hMSCs. Conclusion: Comparison of markers of pluripotency, neural self-renewal and neural lineage specification between hMSC IN, hMSC and human neural stem cell (hNSC H9) cultures suggest that in vitro generated hMSC IN may represent an intermediary neurogenic cell type, similar to a common neural progenitor cell. In addition, this data demonstrates HSPGs and their biosynthesis machinery, are associated with hMSC IN formation. The identification of specific HSPGs driving hMSC lineage-specification will likely provide new markers to allow better use of hMSCs in therapeutic applications and improve our understanding of human neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Okolicsanyi
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lotta E Oikari
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Chieh Yu
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lyn R Griffiths
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Larisa M Haupt
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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21
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George S, Hamblin MR, Abrahamse H. Current and Future Trends in Adipose Stem Cell Differentiation into Neuroglia. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:230-240. [PMID: 29570423 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological diseases and disorders pose a challenge for treatment and rehabilitation due to the limited capacity of the nervous system to repair itself. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) are more pliable than any adult stem cells and are capable of differentiating into non-mesodermal tissues, including neurons. Transdifferentiating ASCs to specific neuronal lineage cells enables us to deliver the right type of cells required for a replacement therapy into the nervous system. METHODS Several methodologies are being explored and tested to differentiate ASCs to functional neurons and glia with cellular factors and chemical compounds. However, none of these processes and prototypes has been wholly successful in changing the cellular structure and functional status of ASCs to become identical to neuroglial cells. In addition, successful integration and functional competence of these cells for use in clinical applications remain problematic. Photobiomodulation or low-level laser irradiation has been successfully applied to not only improve ASC viability and proliferation but has also shown promise as a possible enhancer of ASC differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Studies have shown that photobiomodulation improves the use of stem cell transplantation for neurological applications. This review investigates current neuro-differentiation inducers and suitable methodologies, including photobiomodulation, utilizing ASCs for induction of differentiation into neuronal lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajan George
- 1 Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg , Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- 2 Wellman Centre for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts.,4 Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- 1 Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg , Doornfontein, South Africa
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22
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Kuroda S, Koh M, Hori E, Hayakawa Y, Akai T. Muse Cell: A New Paradigm for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Homeostasis in Ischemic Stroke. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1103:187-198. [PMID: 30484230 DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-56847-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells are one of the most promising donor cells for cell therapy against ischemic stroke, because they can differentiate into any type of cells constructing the central nervous system (CNS), including the neurons. They can easily be isolated from the bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), which may also contribute to functional recovery after ischemic stroke as donor cells. In this chapter, we concisely review their biological features and then future perspective of Muse cell transplantation for ischemic stroke. In addition, we briefly refer to the surprising role of Muse cells to maintain the homeostasis in the living body under both physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kuroda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Masaki Koh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Emiko Hori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Hayakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takuya Akai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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23
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Stem cell transplantation for Huntington's diseases. Methods 2017; 133:104-112. [PMID: 28867501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches based on stem cells have received considerable attention as potential treatments for Huntington's disease (HD), which is a fatal, inherited neurodegenerative disorder, caused by progressive loss of GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum of the forebrain. Transplantation of stem cells or their derivatives in animal models of HD, efficiently improved functions by replacing the damaged or lost neurons. In particular, neural stem cells (NSCs) for HD treatments have been developed from various sources, such as the brain itself, the pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), and the somatic cells of the HD patients. However, the brain-derived NSCs are difficult to obtain, and the PSCs have to be differentiated into a population of the desired neuronal cells that may cause a risk of tumor formation after transplantation. In contrast, induced NSCs, derived from somatic cells as a new stem cell source for transplantation, are less likely to form tumors. Given that the stem cell transplantation strategy for treatment of HD, as a genetic disease, is to replace the dysfunctional or lost neurons, the correction of mutant genes containing the expanded CAG repeats is essential. In this review, we will describe the methods for obtaining the optimal NSCs for transplantation-based HD treatment and the differentiation conditions for the functional GABAergic MSNs as therapeutic cells. Also, we will discuss the valuable gene correction of the disease stem cells by the CRISPR/Cas9 system for HD treatment.
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Shahrezaie M, Mansour RN, Nazari B, Hassannia H, Hosseini F, Mahboudi H, Eftekhary M, Kehtari M, Veshkini A, Ahmadi Vasmehjani A, Enderami SE. Improved stem cell therapy of spinal cord injury using GDNF-overexpressed bone marrow stem cells in a rat model. Biologicals 2017; 50:73-80. [PMID: 28851622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of stem cell base therapy as an effective strategy for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) is very promising. Although some strategy has been made to generate neural-like cells using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), the differentiation strategies are still inefficiently. For this purpose, we improved the therapeutic outcome with utilize both of N-neurotrophic factor derived Gelial cells (GDNF) gene and differentiation medium that induce the BMSCs into the neural-like cells. The differentiated GDNF overexpressed BMSCs (BMSCs-GDNF) were injected on the third day of post-SCI. BBB score test was performed for four weeks. Two weeks before the end of BBB, biotin dextranamin was injected intracrebrally and at the end of the fourth week, the tissue was stained. BBB scores were significantly different in BMSCs-GDNF injected and control animals. Significant difference in axon counting was observed in BMSCs-GDNF treated animals compared to the control group. According to the results, differentiated BMSCs-GDNF showed better results in comparison to the BMSCs without genetic modification. This study provides a new strategy to investigate the role of simultaneous in stem cell and gene therapy for future neural-like cells transplantation base therapies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Shahrezaie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Research, AJA University of Medical Science, Iran
| | | | - Bahare Nazari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hosseini
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hossein Mahboudi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Eftekhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mousa Kehtari
- School of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Veshkini
- Department of Transgenic Animal Science, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ahmadi Vasmehjani
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Department of Stem Cells Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
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Choi KA, Hong S. Induced neural stem cells as a means of treatment in Huntington's disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 17:1333-1343. [PMID: 28792249 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1365133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by chorea, dementia, and depression caused by progressive nerve cell degeneration, which is triggered by expanded CAG repeats in the huntingtin (Htt) gene. Currently, there is no cure for this disease, nor is there an effective medicine available to delay or improve the physical, mental, and behavioral severities caused by it. Areas covered: In this review, the authors describe the use of induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) by direct conversion technology, which offers great advantages as a therapeutic cell type to treat HD. Expert opinion: Cell conversion of somatic cells into a desired stem cell type is one of the most promising treatments for HD because it could be facilitated for the generation of patient-specific neural stem cells. The induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have a powerful potential for differentiation into neurons, but they may cause teratoma formation due to an undifferentiated pluripotent stem cell after transplantation Therefore, direct conversion of somatic cells into iNSCs is a promising alternative technology in regenerative medicine and the iNSCs may be provided as a therapeutic cell source for Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ah Choi
- a School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science , College of Health Science, Korea University , Seongbuk-gu , Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoi Hong
- a School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science , College of Health Science, Korea University , Seongbuk-gu , Republic of Korea.,b Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science , College of Health Science, Korea University , Seongbuk-gu , Republic of Korea
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Nandoe Tewarie RDS, Nandoe RDS, Hurtado A, Levi ADO, Grotenhuis JA, Grotenhuis A, Oudega M. Bone Marrow Stromal Cells for Repair of the Spinal Cord: Towards Clinical Application. Cell Transplant 2017; 15:563-77. [PMID: 17176609 DOI: 10.3727/000000006783981602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have been recognized and intensively studied for their potential use in restorative approaches for degenerative diseases and traumatic injuries. In the central nervous system (CNS), stem cell-based strategies have been proposed to replace lost neurons in degenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease), or to replace lost oligodendrocytes in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Stem cells have also been implicated in repair of the adult spinal cord. An impact to the spinal cord results in immediate damage to tissue including blood vessels, causing loss of neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. In time, more tissue nearby or away from the injury site is lost due to secondary injury. In case of relatively minor damage to the cord some return of function can be observed, but in most cases the neurological loss is permanent. This review will focus on in vitro and in vivo studies on the use of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), a heterogeneous cell population that includes mesenchymal stem cells, for repair of the spinal cord in experimental injury models and their potential for human application. To optimally benefit from BMSCs for repair of the spinal cord it is imperative to develop in vitro techniques that will generate the desired cell type and/or a large enough number for in vivo transplantation approaches. We will also assess the potential and possible pitfalls for use of BMSCs in humans and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi D S Nandoe Tewarie
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Han YM, Park JM, Choi YS, Jin H, Lee YS, Han NY, Lee H, Hahm KB. The efficacy of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells on radiation enteropathy along with proteomic biomarkers predicting a favorable response. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:105. [PMID: 28464953 PMCID: PMC5414323 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0559-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation enteropathy is a common complication in patients with abdominopelvic cancer, but no treatment has yet been established. Stem cell therapy may be a viable therapeutic option because intestinal stem cells are highly vulnerable to ionizing radiation (IR) and stem cell loss explains its intractability to general treatment. Here, we investigated either prophylactic or therapeutic efficacy of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPDSCs) against radiation enteropathy and could identify biomarkers predicting a favorable response to stem cell therapy. METHODS We challenged a radiation-induced enteropathy model with hPDSCs. After sacrifice, we checked the gross anatomy of small intestine, histology gross, and analyzed that, accompanied with molecular changes implicated in this model. RESULTS hPDSCs significantly improved the outcome of mice induced with either radiation enteropathy or lethal radiation syndrome (P < 0.01). hPDSCs exerted inhibitory actions on inflammatory cytokines, the re-establishment of epithelium homeostasis was completed with increasing endogenous restorative processes as assessed with increased levels of proliferative markers in the hPDSCs group, and a significant inhibition of IR-induced apoptosis. The preservation of cells expressing lysozyme, and Musashi-1 were significantly increased in the hPDSC treatment group. Both preventive and therapeutic efficacies of hPDSCs were noted against IR-induced enteropathy. Label-free quantification was used to identify biomarkers which predict favorable responses after hPDSC treatment, and finally glutathione S-transferase-mu type, interleukin-10, and peroxiredoxin-2 were validated as proteomic biomarkers predicting a favorable response to hPDSCs in radiation enteropathy. CONCLUSIONS hPDSCs may be a useful prophylactic and therapeutic cell therapy for radiation enteropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Han
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, CHA Bio Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-ku, Seongnam, Kyunggi-do, 463-712, South Korea
| | - Jong-Min Park
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, CHA Bio Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-ku, Seongnam, Kyunggi-do, 463-712, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Choi
- Department of Applied Bioscience, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin
- Graduated School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Graduated School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Na-Young Han
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hookeun Lee
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, CHA Bio Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-ku, Seongnam, Kyunggi-do, 463-712, South Korea. .,Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea.
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Su WT, Pan YJ, Huang TY, Huang YC. Hydrophobic PDMS promotes neural progenitor formation from SHEDs by Schwann cell–cultivated medium induction. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2017.1297937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ta Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jing Pan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Yang Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Pleyer L, Valent P, Greil R. Mesenchymal Stem and Progenitor Cells in Normal and Dysplastic Hematopoiesis-Masters of Survival and Clonality? Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071009. [PMID: 27355944 PMCID: PMC4964385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are malignant hematopoietic stem cell disorders that have the capacity to progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Accumulating evidence suggests that the altered bone marrow (BM) microenvironment in general, and in particular the components of the stem cell niche, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their progeny, play a pivotal role in the evolution and propagation of MDS. We here present an overview of the role of MSCs in the pathogenesis of MDS, with emphasis on cellular interactions in the BM microenvironment and related stem cell niche concepts. MSCs have potent immunomodulatory capacities and communicate with diverse immune cells, but also interact with various other cellular components of the microenvironment as well as with normal and leukemic stem and progenitor cells. Moreover, compared to normal MSCs, MSCs in MDS and AML often exhibit altered gene expression profiles, an aberrant phenotype, and abnormal functional properties. These alterations supposedly contribute to the “reprogramming” of the stem cell niche into a disease-permissive microenvironment where an altered immune system, abnormal stem cell niche interactions, and an impaired growth control lead to disease progression. The current article also reviews molecular targets that play a role in such cellular interactions and possibilities to interfere with abnormal stem cell niche interactions by using specific targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pleyer
- 3rd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials at Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- 3rd Medical Department, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology & Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Richard Greil
- 3rd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials at Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- 3rd Medical Department, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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Su WT, Pan YJ. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth differentiate toward neural cells in a medium dynamically cultured with Schwann cells in a series of polydimethylsiloxanes scaffolds. J Neural Eng 2016; 13:046005. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2560/13/4/046005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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31
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Liu S, Chen F, Wang L, Sun W, Liu Q, Chen H, Su D, Jiang Y, Piao F, Sun X, Sun W. 2,5-hexanedione induced apoptosis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by reactive oxygen species. J Occup Health 2016; 58:170-8. [PMID: 27010086 PMCID: PMC5356963 DOI: 10.1539/joh.15-0143-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: n-Hexane, a common industrial organic solvent, causes multiple organ damage, especially neurotoxicity, which is proved to be caused by its metabolite 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD). We previously showed that 2,5-HD induced apoptosis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In the current study, we explored the mechanism of 2,5-HD-induced apoptosis, especially the role played by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Methods: Intracellular ROS levels after 2,5-HD treatment were measured by the dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) method, and the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was used to scavenge ROS. Apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and caspase-3 activity were measured after 2,5-HD exposure with or without NAC pretreatment. Results: In rat BMSCs, 20 mM 2,5-HD significantly increased ROS levels and apoptosis. In addition, MMP activity was decreased and caspase-3 activity was increased. With NAC pretreatment, ROS increases were prevented, cells were rescued from apoptosis, and both MMP and caspase-3 activity returned to normal levels. Western blotting analysis of malondialdehyde-modified proteins and superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 showed that after 2,5-HD exposure, BMSCs had oxidative damage and abnormal SOD1 expression. These returned to normal when cells were pretreated with NAC in addition to 20 mM 2,5-HD. Furthermore, the expressions of NF-κB p65/RelA and phospho-NF-κB p65/RelA (Ser536) were suppressed after 2,5-HD exposure and restored by NAC pretreatment. Conclusions: 2,5-HD-induced apoptosis in rat BMSCs is potentially mediated by excessive ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University
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Kuroda S. Current Opinion of Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Transplantation for Ischemic Stroke. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2016; 56:293-301. [PMID: 26984453 PMCID: PMC4908072 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2015-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This article reviews recent advancement and perspective of bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation for ischemic stroke, based on current information of basic and translational research. The author would like to emphasize that scientific approach would enable us to apply BMSC transplantation into clinical situation in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kuroda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama
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33
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Petersen GF, Strappe PM. Generation of diverse neural cell types through direct conversion. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:32-46. [PMID: 26981169 PMCID: PMC4766249 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A characteristic of neurological disorders is the loss of critical populations of cells that the body is unable to replace, thus there has been much interest in identifying methods of generating clinically relevant numbers of cells to replace those that have been damaged or lost. The process of neural direct conversion, in which cells of one lineage are converted into cells of a neural lineage without first inducing pluripotency, shows great potential, with evidence of the generation of a range of functional neural cell types both in vitro and in vivo, through viral and non-viral delivery of exogenous factors, as well as chemical induction methods. Induced neural cells have been proposed as an attractive alternative to neural cells derived from embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells, with prospective roles in the investigation of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative disease modelling, drug screening, and cellular replacement for regenerative medicine applications, however further investigations into improving the efficacy and safety of these methods need to be performed before neural direct conversion becomes a clinically viable option. In this review, we describe the generation of diverse neural cell types via direct conversion of somatic cells, with comparison against stem cell-based approaches, as well as discussion of their potential research and clinical applications.
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Patel M, Moon HJ, Jung BK, Jeong B. Microsphere-Incorporated Hybrid Thermogel for Neuronal Differentiation of Tonsil Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1565-74. [PMID: 26033880 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal differentiation of tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) is investigated in a 3D hybrid system. The hybrid system is prepared by increasing the temperature of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(l-alanine) aqueous solution to 37 °C through the heat-induced sol-to-gel transition, in which TMSCs and growth factor releasing microspheres are suspended. The in situ formed gel exhibits a modulus of 800 Pa at 37 °C, similar to that of brain tissue, and it is robust enough to hold the microspheres and cells during the 3D culture of TMSCs. The neuronal growth factors are released over 12-18 d, and the TMSCs in a spherical shape initially undergo multipolar elongation during the 3D culture. Significantly higher expressions of the neuronal biomarkers such as nuclear receptor related protein (Nurr-1), neuron specific enolase, microtubule associated protein-2, neurofilament-M, and glial fibrillary acidic protein are observed in both mRNA level and protein level in the hybrid systems than in the control experiments. This study proves the significance of a controlled drug delivery concept in tissue engineering or regenerative medicine, and a 3D hybrid system with controlled release of growth factors from microspheres in a thermogel can be a very promising tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu Seoul 120-750 South Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu Seoul 120-750 South Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu Seoul 120-750 South Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu Seoul 120-750 South Korea
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Goutman SA, Chen KS, Feldman EL. Recent Advances and the Future of Stem Cell Therapies in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurotherapeutics 2015; 12:428-48. [PMID: 25776222 PMCID: PMC4404436 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-015-0339-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the motor neurons without a known cure. Based on the possibility of cellular neuroprotection and early preclinical results, stem cells have gained widespread enthusiasm as a potential treatment strategy. Preclinical models demonstrate a protective role of engrafted stem cells and provided the basis for human trials carried out using various types of stem cells, as well as a range of cell delivery methods. To date, no trial has demonstrated a clear therapeutic benefit; however, results remain encouraging and are the basis for ongoing studies. In addition, stem cell technology continues to improve, and induced pluripotent stem cells may offer additional therapeutic options in the future. Improved disease models and clinical trials will be essential in order to validate stem cells as a beneficial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Goutman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, F2647 UH South, SPC 5223, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5036, USA,
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Lee MK, Rich MH, Baek K, Lee J, Kong H. Bioinspired tuning of hydrogel permeability-rigidity dependency for 3D cell culture. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8948. [PMID: 25752700 PMCID: PMC4353999 DOI: 10.1038/srep08948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are being extensively used for three-dimensional immobilization and culture of cells in fundamental biological studies, biochemical processes, and clinical treatments. However, it is still a challenge to support viability and regulate phenotypic activities of cells in a structurally stable gel, because the gel becomes less permeable with increasing rigidity. To resolve this challenge, this study demonstrates a unique method to enhance the permeability of a cell-laden hydrogel while avoiding a significant change in rigidity of the gel. Inspired by the grooved skin textures of marine organisms, a hydrogel is assembled to present computationally optimized micro-sized grooves on the surface. Separately, a gel is engineered to preset aligned microchannels similar to a plant's vascular bundles through a uniaxial freeze-drying process. The resulting gel displays significantly increased water diffusivity with reduced changes of gel stiffness, exclusively when the microgrooves and microchannels are aligned together. No significant enhancement of rehydration is achieved when the microgrooves and microchannels are not aligned. Such material design greatly enhances viability and neural differentiation of stem cells and 3D neural network formation within the gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Max H Rich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Kwanghyun Baek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Jonghwi Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Korea
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- 1] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA [2] Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
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Differentiation of equine mesenchymal stromal cells into cells of neural lineage: potential for clinical applications. Stem Cells Int 2014; 2014:891518. [PMID: 25506367 PMCID: PMC4260374 DOI: 10.1155/2014/891518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate into extramesodermal lineages, including neurons. Positive outcomes were obtained after transplantation of neurally induced MSCs in laboratory animals after nerve injury, but this is unknown in horses. Our objectives were to test the ability of equine MSCs to differentiate into cells of neural lineage in vitro, to assess differences in morphology and lineage-specific protein expression, and to investigate if horse age and cell passage number affected the ability to achieve differentiation. Bone marrow-derived MSCs were obtained from young and adult horses. Following demonstration of stemness, MSCs were neurally induced and microscopically assessed at different time points. Results showed that commercially available nitrogen-coated tissue culture plates supported proliferation and differentiation. Morphological changes were immediate and all the cells displayed a neural crest-like cell phenotype. Expression of neural progenitor proteins, was assessed via western blot or immunofluorescence. In our study, MSCs generated from young and middle-aged horses did not show differences in their ability to undergo differentiation. The effect of cell passage number, however, is inconsistent and further experiments are needed. Ongoing work is aimed at transdifferentiating these cells into Schwann cells for transplantation into a peripheral nerve injury model in horses.
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Localization and Differentiation Pattern of Transplanted Human Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Brain of Bulbectomized Mice. Bull Exp Biol Med 2014; 158:118-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-014-2706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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39
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Chang KA, Lee JH, Suh YH. Therapeutic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells in neurological disorders. J Pharmacol Sci 2014; 126:293-301. [PMID: 25409785 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.14r10cp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has been noted as a novel strategy to various diseases including neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease that have no effective treatment available to date. The adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from adipose tissue, are well known for their pluripotency with the ability to differentiate into various types of cells and immuno-modulatory property. These biological features make ASCs a promising source for regenerative cell therapy in neurological disorders. Here we discuss the recent progress of regenerative therapies in various neurological disorders utilizing ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-A Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Korea
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Zhou J, Tian G, Wang J, Luo X, Zhang S, Li J, Li L, Xu B, Zhu F, Wang X, Jia C, Zhao W, Zhao D, Xu A. Neural cell injury microenvironment induces neural differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Neural Regen Res 2014; 7:2689-97. [PMID: 25337115 PMCID: PMC4200737 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.34.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the neural differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) under the induction of injured neural cells. After in vitro isolation and culture, passage 5 hUCMSCs were used for experimentation. hUCMSCs were co-cultured with normal or Aβ1-40-injured PC12 cells, PC12 cell supernatant or PC12 cell lysate in a Transwell co-culture system. Western blot analysis and flow cytometry results showed that choline acetyltransferase and microtubule-associated protein 2, a specific marker for neural cells, were expressed in hUCMSCs under various culture conditions, and highest expression was observed in the hUCMSCs co-cultured with injured PC12 cells. Choline acetyltransferase and microtubule-associated protein 2 were not expressed in hUCMSCs cultured alone (no treatment). Cell Counting Kit-8 assay results showed that hUCMSCs under co-culture conditions promoted the proliferation of injured PC12 cells. These findings suggest that the microenvironment during neural tissue injury can effectively induce neural cell differentiation of hUCMSCs. These differentiated hUCMSCs likely accelerate the repair of injured neural cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guoping Tian
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinge Wang
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoguang Luo
- First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Siyang Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Liaoning Provincial Blood Center, Shenyang 110044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunhong Jia
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Weijin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Danyang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Aihua Xu
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110041, Liaoning Province, China
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Zhou Y, Sun M, Li H, Yan M, Xie T. Differentiation of rhesus adipose stem cells into dopaminergic neurons. Neural Regen Res 2014; 7:2645-52. [PMID: 25337110 PMCID: PMC4200732 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.34.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
LIM homeobox transcription factor 1a (Lmx1a) has the capacity to initiate the development program of neuronal cells and promote the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into dopaminergic neurons. In this study, rhesus adipose stem cells were infected with recombinant adenovirus carrying the Lmx1a gene and co-cultured with embryonic rat neural stem cells. Cell differentiation was induced using sonic hedgehog and fibroblast growth factor-8. Immunofluorescence staining showed that cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase and β-tubulin III. Reverse transcription-PCR results demonstrated that rhesus adipose stem cells were not only positive for neuron-specific enolase and β-tubulin III, but also positive for the dopaminergic neuron marker, tyrosine hydroxylase, neurofilament, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor α2 and nuclear receptor related factor 1. The number of Lmx1a gene-infected cells expressing the dopaminergic neuron marker was substantially greater than the number of cells not infected with Lmx1α gene. These results suggest that Lmx1a-mediated regulation combined with the strategy of co-culture with neural stem cells can robustly promote the differentiation of rhesus adipose stem cells into dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Maosheng Sun
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Min Yan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Tianhong Xie
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, Yunnan Province, China
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Qin X, Han W, Yu Z. Neuronal-like differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by striatal extracts from a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2014; 7:2673-80. [PMID: 25337113 PMCID: PMC4200735 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.34.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A rat model of Parkinson's disease was established by 6-hydroxydopamine injection into the medial forebrain bundle. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from the femur and tibia, and were co-cultured with 10% and 60% lesioned or intact striatal extracts. The results showed that when exposed to lesioned striatal extracts, BMSCs developed bipolar or multi-polar morphologies, and there was an increase in the percentage of cells that expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Moreover, the percentage of NSE-positive cells increased with increasing concentrations of lesioned striatal extracts. However, intact striatal extracts only increased the percentage of GFAP-positive cells. The findings suggest that striatal extracts from Parkinson's disease rats induce BMSCs to differentiate into neuronal-like cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Qin
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wang Han
- Department of Emergency, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying 257091, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China
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Lee JH, Lee JY, Yang SH, Lee EJ, Kim HW. Carbon nanotube-collagen three-dimensional culture of mesenchymal stem cells promotes expression of neural phenotypes and secretion of neurotrophic factors. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:4425-36. [PMID: 24954912 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Microenvironments provided by three-dimensional (3-D) hydrogels mimic native tissue conditions, supplying appropriate physical cues for regulating stem cell behaviors. Here, we focused on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) dispersed within collagen hydrogels to provide 3-D microenvironmental conditions for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in stimulating biological functions for neural regeneration. Small concentrations of CNTs (0.1-1wt.%) did not induce toxicity to MSCs, and even improved the proliferative potential of the cells. MSCs cultured within the CNT-collagen hydrogel expressed considerable levels of neural markers, including GAP43 and βIII tubulin proteins by immunostaining as well as GAP43 and synapse I genes by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Of note was that neurotrophic factors, particularly nerve growth factor and brain derived neurotrophic factor, were significantly promoted by the incorporation of CNTs as confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. A model experiment involving neuritogenesis of PC12 cells influenced by those releasing neurotrophic factors from MSCs cultured within the CNT-collagen hydrogel demonstrated the significant enhancement in neurite outgrowth behaviors. Taken together, collagen hydrogel provides excellent 3-D conditions for MSC growth, and a small incorporation of CNTs within the hydrogel significantly stimulates MSC expression of neural markers and secretion of neurotrophic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, South Korea
| | - Ja-Yeon Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, South Korea
| | - Sung Hee Yang
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, South Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, South Korea.
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Gabr H, El-Kheir WA, Farghali HAMA, Ismail ZMK, Zickri MB, El Maadawi ZM, Kishk NA, Sabaawy HE. Intrathecal Transplantation of Autologous Adherent Bone Marrow Cells Induces Functional Neurological Recovery in a Canine Model of Spinal Cord Injury. Cell Transplant 2014; 24:1813-27. [PMID: 25199146 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x683025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in demyelination of surviving axons, loss of oligodendrocytes, and impairment of motor and sensory functions. We have developed a clinical strategy of cell therapy for SCI through the use of autologous bone marrow cells for transplantation to augment remyelination and enhance neurological repair. In a preclinical large mammalian model of SCI, experimental dogs were subjected to a clipping contusion of the spinal cord. Two weeks after the injury, GFP-labeled autologous minimally manipulated adherent bone marrow cells (ABMCs) were transplanted intrathecally to investigate the safety and efficacy of autologous ABMC therapy. The effects of ABMC transplantation in dogs with SCI were determined using functional neurological scoring, and the integration of ABMCs into the injured cords was determined using histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations and electron microscopic analyses of sections from control and transplanted spinal cords. Our data demonstrate the presence of GFP-labeled cells in the injured spinal cord for up to 16 weeks after transplantation in the subacute SCI stage. GFP-labeled cells homed to the site of injury and were detected around white matter tracts and surviving axons. ABMC therapy in the canine SCI model enhanced remyelination and augmented neural regeneration, resulting in improved neurological functions. Therefore, autologous ABMC therapy appears to be a safe and promising therapy for spinal cord injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Gabr
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Oliveira JT, Mostacada K, de Lima S, Martinez AMB. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for improving nerve regeneration. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2014; 108:59-77. [PMID: 24083431 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-410499-0.00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the peripheral nervous system has an inherent capacity for regeneration, injuries to nerves still result in considerable disabilities. The persistence of these disabilities along with the underlying problem of nerve reconstruction has motivated neuroscientists worldwide to seek additional therapeutic strategies. In recent years, cell-based therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic tool. Schwann cells (SCs) are the main supportive cells for peripheral nerve regeneration; however, there are several technical limitations regarding its application for cell-based therapy. In this context, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been used as alternatives to SCs for treating peripheral neuropathies, showing great promise. Several studies have been trying to shed light on the mechanisms behind the nerve regeneration-promotion potential of BM-MSCs. Although not completely clarified, understanding how BM-MSCs exert tissue repair effects will facilitate their development as therapeutic agents before they become a clinically viable tool for encouraging peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Teixeira Oliveira
- Programa de Neurociência Básica e Clínica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Kassis I, Vaknin-Dembinsky A, Bulte J, Karussis D. Effects of supermagnetic iron oxide labeling on the major functional properties of human mesenchymal stem cells from multiple sclerosis patients. Int J Stem Cells 2014; 3:144-53. [PMID: 24855552 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc.2010.3.2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In the last few years, treatment protocols using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in various experimental models and human diseases have been investigated. MSCs are on the focus of stem cell research, since they are considered as a type of adult stem cells with low toxicity and acceptable side effects profile and they can be administered autologously. In addition several studies have revealed significant immunomodulatory properties of MSCs and a potential for transdifferentiation, including neural differentiation, both in vivo and in vitro. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive technique that can be used to track labeled cells and evaluate their migration ability in various clinical settings. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study we investigated whether such labeling of MSCs with the commercially used para-magnetic material, Feridex, has any negative effect on the above mentioned functional properties of MSCs. We labeled human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) with poly-L-lysine coated Feridex(®) and evaluated their cellular differentiation and immunomodulatory properties, in vitro. In comparison with unlabeled cells, labeled hMSC exhibited normal adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, but decreased chondrogenic differentiation. Regarding neural differentiation, labeled and unlabeled cells were similar in their ability to express neural-like and glial like surface proteins. Finally, both labeled and unlabeled MSCs exhibited a dose-dependent, significant blocking effect on the proliferation of healthy donors lymphocytes following mitogen stimulation. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that labeling with Feridex does not affect the immunomodulatory, nor the neural transdifferentiation potential of MScs and therefore, Feridex may be used for the tracking of this type of stem cells in clinical applications, without compromising their major functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Kassis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Agnes Ginges Center for Neurogenetics and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Agnes Ginges Center for Neurogenetics and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jeff Bulte
- National Institute of Sciences, Bethesda, USA
| | - Dimitrios Karussis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Agnes Ginges Center for Neurogenetics and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Edalat H, Hajebrahimi Z, Pirhajati V, Movahedin M, Tavallaei M, Soroush MR, Mowla SJ. Transplanting p75-suppressed bone marrow stromal cells promotes functional behavior in a rat model of spinal cord injury. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 17:140-5. [PMID: 23748892 DOI: 10.6091/ibj.1193.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) have been successfully employed for movement deficit recovery in spinal cord injury (SCI) rat models. One of the unsettled problems in cell transplantation is the relative high proportion of cell death, specifically after neural differentiation. According to our previous studies, p75 receptor, known as the death receptor, is only expressed in BMSC in a time window of 6-12 hours following neural induction. Moreover, we have recently reported a decreased level of apoptosis in p75-suppressed BMSC in vitro. Therefore, our objective in this research was to explore the functional effects of transplanting p75:siRNA expressing BMSC in SCI rats. METHODS Laminectomy was performed at L1 vertebra level to expose spinal cord for contusion using weight-drop method. PBS-treated SCI rats (group one) were used as negative controls, in which cavitations were observed 10 weeks after SCI. pRNA-U6.1/Hygro- (group two, as a mock) and pRNA-U6.1/Hygro-p75 shRNA- (group three) transfected BMSC were labeled with a fluorescent dye, CM-DiI, and grafted into the lesion site 7 days after surgery. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnehan locomotor rating scale was performed weekly for 10 weeks. RESULTS There was a significant difference (P≤0.05) between all groups of treated rats regarding functional recovery. Specifically, the discrepancy among p75 siRNA and mock-transfected BMSC was statistically significant. P75 siRNA BMSC also revealed a higher level of in vivo survival compared to the mock BMSC. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that genetically modified BMSC that express p75:siRNA could be a more suitable source of cells for treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houri Edalat
- Dept. Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Vahid Pirhajati
- Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Movahedin
- Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Tavallaei
- Genetic Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Dept. Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Shichinohe H, Ishihara T, Takahashi K, Tanaka Y, Miyamoto M, Yamauchi T, Saito H, Takemoto H, Houkin K, Kuroda S. Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Rescue Ischemic Brain by Trophic Effects and Phenotypic Change Toward Neural Cells. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2014; 29:80-9. [DOI: 10.1177/1545968314525856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background. Transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) may contribute to functional recovery after stroke. This study was designed to clarify their mechanisms, trophic effects of neurotrophic factors, and neural differentiation. Methods. Mouse neurons exposed to glutamate were cocultured with mouse BMSCs. Either neutralizing antibodies against brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or nerve growth factor (NGF) or Trk inhibitor K252a was added to explore the mechanism of their protective effects. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to assess BDNF or NGF mRNA expression in BMSCs. The mice were subjected to permanent focal ischemia, and 7 days later, either BMSCs or the vehicle was stereotactically transplanted into the ipsilateral striatum. The mouse brains were processed for FISH and immunostaining 2 or 4 weeks after transplantation. Results. BMSCs significantly ameliorated glutamate-induced neuronal death. Treatment with anti-BDNF antibody significantly reduced their protective effects. FISH analysis showed that the majority of BMSCs expressed BDNF and NGF mRNA in vitro. BMSC transplantation significantly improved the survival of neurons in peri-infarct areas. FISH analysis revealed that approximately half of BMSCs expressed BDNF and NGF mRNA 2 weeks after transplantation; however, the percentage of BDNF and NGF mRNA-positive cells decreased thereafter. Instead, the percentage of microtubule-associated protein 2–positive BMSCs gradually increased during 4 weeks after transplantation. Conclusions. These findings strongly suggest that BDNF may be a key factor underlying the trophic effects of BMSCs. BMSCs might exhibit the trophic effect in the early stage of cell therapy and the phenotypic change toward neural cells thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Shichinohe
- Depertment of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishihara
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanaka
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Michiyuki Miyamoto
- Depertment of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamauchi
- Depertment of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisayasu Saito
- Depertment of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takemoto
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Houkin
- Depertment of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuroda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Cui B, Li E, Yang B, Wang B. Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for the treatment of spinal cord injury. Exp Ther Med 2014; 7:1233-1236. [PMID: 24940417 PMCID: PMC3991533 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell (HUCB-MSC) transplantation on the functional restoration of spinal cord injury (SCI). A total of 46 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: Injury (n=15), control (n=15) and transplantation (n=16). A SCI model was established using the modified Allen’s method (vulnerating energy, 25 g/cm). The rats in the control and transplantation groups were injected at the site of the injury with physiological saline and HUCB-MSC suspension, respectively. At week one, two and four following treatment, the behavior of the rats was evaluated using the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale. In addition, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on samples from the rats that had been sacrificed four weeks subsequent to the treatment. Recovery of the spinal cord nerve function was identified to be significantly different at week two and four following treatment (P<0.05), and IHC identified that at week four following treatment novel nerve cells were being produced. Thus, transplantation of HUCB-MSCs promoted the recovery of the damaged function of spinal cord nerves in rats with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhou Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - En Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
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Khairallah MI, Kassem LA, Yassin NA, El Din MAG, Zekri M, Attia M. The hematopoietic growth factor "erythropoietin" enhances the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells in Alzheimer's disease. Pak J Biol Sci 2014; 17:9-21. [PMID: 24783773 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2014.9.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder clinically characterized by cognitive dysfunction and by deposition of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. The study investigated the therapeutic effect of combined mesenchymal stem cells and erythropoietin on Alzheimer's disease. Five groups of mice were used: control group, Alzheimer's disease was induced in four groups by a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.8 mg kg(-1) lipopolysaccharide and divided as follows: Alzheimer's disease group, mesenchymal stem cells treated group by injecting mesenchymal stem cells into the tail vein (2 x 10(6) cells), erythropoietin treated group (40 microg kg(-1) b.wt.) injected intraperitoneally 3 times/week for 5 weeks and mesenchymal stem cells and erythropoietin treated group. Locomotor activity and memory were tested using open field and Y-maze. Histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical studies, morphometric measurements were examined in brain sections of all groups. Choline transferase activity, brain derived neurotrophic factor expression and mitochondrial swellings were assessed in cerebral specimens. Lipopolysaccharide decreased locomotor activity, memory, choline transferase activity and brain derived neurotrophic factor. It increased mitochondrial swelling, apoptotic index and amyloid deposition. Combined mesenchymal stem cells and erythropoietin markedly improved all these parameters. This study proved the effective role of mesenchymal stem cells in relieving Alzheimer's disease symptoms and manifestations; it highlighted the important role of erythropoietin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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