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Esteban MÁ. A review of soluble factors and receptors involved in fish skin immunity: The tip of the iceberg. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109311. [PMID: 38128682 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The immune system of fish possesses soluble factors, receptors, pathways and cells very similar to those of the other vertebrates' immune system. Throughout evolutionary history, the exocrine secretions of organisms have accumulated a large reservoir of soluble factors that serve to protect organisms from microbial pathogens that could disrupt mucosal barrier homeostasis. In parallel, a diverse set of recognition molecules have been discovered that alert the organism to the presence of pathogens. The known functions of both the soluble factors and receptors mentioned above encompass critical aspects of host defense, such as pathogen binding and neutralization, opsonization, or modulation of inflammation if present. The molecules and receptors cooperate and are able to initiate the most appropriate immune response in an attempt to eliminate pathogens before host infection can begin. Furthermore, these recognition molecules, working in coordination with soluble defence factors, collaboratively erect a robust and perfectly coordinated defence system with complementary specificity, activity and tissue distribution. This intricate network constitutes an immensely effective defence mechanism for fish. In this context, the present review focuses on some of the main soluble factors and recognition molecules studied in the last decade in the skin mucosa of teleost fish. However, knowledge of these molecules is still very limited in all teleosts. Therefore, further studies are suggested throughout the review that would help to better understand the functions in which the proteins studied are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Esteban
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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2
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Fogliano C, Carotenuto R, Agnisola C, Simoniello P, Karam M, Manfredonia C, Avallone B, Motta CM. Benzodiazepine Delorazepam Induces Locomotory Hyperactivity and Alterations in Pedal Mucus Texture in the Freshwater Gastropod Planorbarius corneus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17070. [PMID: 38069390 PMCID: PMC10706940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzodiazepines, psychotropic drugs, are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment due to over-consumption and inefficient removal by sewage treatment plants. Bioaccumulation with consequent behavioral and physiological effects has been reported in many aquatic species. However, the responses are species-specific and still poorly understood. To improve the knowledge, we exposed the freshwater snail Planorbarius corneus to 1, 5, or 10 µg/L of delorazepam, the most widely consumed benzodiazepine in Italy. Conventional behavioral tests were used to assess the effects on locomotor and feeding behavior. Histological and biochemical analyses were also performed to detect possible changes in the structure and composition of the foot mucus and glands. The results show a paradoxical response with reduced feeding activity and locomotor hyperactivity. Pedal mucus was altered in texture but not in composition, becoming particularly rich in fibrous collagen-like material, and a significant change in the protein composition was highlighted in the foot. In conclusion, exposure to delorazepam induces disinhibited behavior in Planorbarius corneus, potentially increasing the risk of predation, and an increase in mucus protein production, which, together with reduced feeding activity, would severely compromise energy resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fogliano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.A.); (M.K.); (C.M.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Rosa Carotenuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.A.); (M.K.); (C.M.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Claudio Agnisola
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.A.); (M.K.); (C.M.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Palma Simoniello
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy;
| | - Myriam Karam
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.A.); (M.K.); (C.M.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Claudia Manfredonia
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.A.); (M.K.); (C.M.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Bice Avallone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.A.); (M.K.); (C.M.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Chiara Maria Motta
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.A.); (M.K.); (C.M.); (C.M.M.)
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3
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Fei Y, Wang Q, Lu J, Ouyang L, Li W, Hu R, Chen L. Identification of antibacterial activity of LEAP2 from Antarctic icefish Chionodraco hamatus. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023; 46:905-916. [PMID: 37245215 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) is a small peptide, which is consisted of signal peptide, pro-peptide and the bioactive mature peptide. Mature LEAP2 is an antibacterial peptide with four highly conserved cysteines forming two intramolecular disulfide bonds. Chionodraco hamatus, an Antarctic notothenioid fish that lives in the coldest water, has white blood unlike most fish of the world. In this study, the LEAP2 coding sequence was cloned from C. hamatus, including a 29 amino acids signal peptide and mature peptide of 46 amino acids. High levels of LEAP2 mRNA were detected in the skin and liver. Mature peptide was obtained by chemical synthesis in vitro, displayed selective antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae. Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 showed bactericidal activity by destroying the cell membrane integrity and robustly combined with bacterial genomic DNA. In addition, overexpression of the Tol-LEAP2-EGFP in zebrafish larva showed stronger antimicrobial activity in C. hamatus than in zebrafish, accompanied by lower bacterial load and expression of pro-inflammatory factors. This is the first demonstration of the antimicrobial activity of LEAP2 from C. hamatus, which is of useful value in improving resistance to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Fei
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jigang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyue Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangbiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Fogliano C, Carotenuto R, Panzuto R, Spennato V, De Bonis S, Simoniello P, Raggio A, Avallone B, Agnisola C, Motta CM. Behavioral alterations and gills damage in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to an environmental concentration of delorazepam. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:104030. [PMID: 36455838 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.104030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Psychoactive compounds, and benzodiazepines (BZPs) in particular, represent an important class of emerging pollutants due to their large (ab)use and high resistance to degradation. Nowadays it is known that sewage treatment does not completely eliminate these substances and, therefore, BZPs and their metabolites reach concern levels in most aquatic environments all over Europe, ranging from µg/L to ng/L. In this study, we investigated the effects of delorazepam on Mytilus galloprovincialis, a model organism in toxicity testing and a key species in coastal marine ecosystems. Given its psychoactive activity, the study primarily addressed discovering the effects on behavior, by conventional valve opening and closure tests. Possible cytotoxic activity was also investigated by analyzing valve abductor muscles, gills histology, and correlated oxygen consumption. Results demonstrate negative effects on mussel behavior, interference with metabolism, and alteration of gill morphology and protein content. In conclusion, delorazepam confirms its toxicity to aquatic environments, highlighting the possibility that BZDs can ultimately affect the structure of the food web and the functions of the coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fogliano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Carotenuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Panzuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Spennato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore De Bonis
- Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Latium (Arpa Lazio), Via Saredo, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Palma Simoniello
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Anja Raggio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Bice Avallone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Claudio Agnisola
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Maria Motta
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Mu Q, Dong Z, Kong W, Wang X, Yu J, Ji W, Su J, Xu Z. Response of immunoglobulin M in gut mucosal immunity of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio) infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1037517. [PMID: 36466906 PMCID: PMC9713697 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1037517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) M is an important immune effector that protects organisms from a wide variety of pathogens. However, little is known about the immune response of gut mucosal IgM during bacterial invasion. Here, we generated polyclonal antibodies against common carp IgM and developed a model of carp infection with Aeromonas hydrophila via intraperitoneal injection. Our findings indicated that both innate and adaptive immune responses were effectively elicited after A. hydrophila infection. Upon bacterial infection, IgM+ B cells were strongly induced in the gut and head kidney, and bacteria-specific IgM responses were detected in high levels both in the gut mucus and serum. Moreover, our results suggested that IgM responses may vary in different infection strategies. Overall, our findings revealed that the infected common carp exhibited high resistance to this representative enteropathogenic bacterium upon reinfection, suggesting that IgM plays a key role in the defense mechanisms of the gut against bacterial invasion. Significantly, the second injection of A. hydrophila induces strong local mucosal immunity in the gut, which is essential for protection against intestinal pathogens, providing reasonable insights for vaccine preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjiang Mu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaoran Dong
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weiguang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyou Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaqian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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6
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Identification and Characterization of Immunoglobulin T Heavy Chain in Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea). FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Three immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes have been identified in teleosts, IgM, IgD, and IgT or IgZ. IgT, a new teleost Ig isotype, plays a vital role in mucosal immunity. However, information on molecular and functional characteristics of fish IgT is still limited. In this study, an IgT heavy chain (LcIgT) gene was cloned and characterized in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Complete cDNA of LcIgT was 1930 bp in length, encoding a protein of 554 amino acids. The deduced LcIgT contains a VH region and only three CH regions (CH1, CH2, CH4), but no transmembrane region was predicted. Phylogenetic analysis showed that IgT heavy chain sequences from all fish species are grouped together. Homology comparison showed that LcIgT shares the highest amino acid identity of 58.73% with IgT heavy chain in Scophthalmus maximus. The VH domain of LcIgT has the highest identity of 72.50% with that of Scophthalmus maximus IgT. Relatively, each constant domain of LcIgT exhibits the highest amino acid identity with that of IgT in Oreochromis niloticus (67.61% identity for CH1, 61.11% identity for CH2, and 63.74% identity for CH4). LcIgT was constitutively expressed in various tissues tested, with the highest levels in mucosa-associated tissues such as gills and skin. After Cryptocaryon irritans infection, the mRNA levels of LcIgT were significantly up-regulated in the spleen (3.27-fold) at 4 d, in the head kidney (3.98-fold) and skin (2.11-fold) at 7 d, and in gills (4.45-fold) at 14 d. The protein levels in these detected tissues were all significantly up-regulated; the peak of its up-regulation was 6.33-fold at 28d in gills, 3.44-fold at 7d in skin, and 3.72-fold at 14d in spleen. These results showed that IgT response could be simultaneously induced in both systemic and mucosal tissues after parasitic infection and that IgT may be involved in systemic immunity and mucosal immunity against parasitic infection.
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7
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Motta CM, Simoniello P, Di Lorenzo M, Migliaccio V, Panzuto R, Califano E, Santovito G. Endocrine disrupting effects of copper and cadmium in the oocytes of the Antarctic Emerald rockcod Trematomus bernacchii. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:129282. [PMID: 33360142 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antarctica has long been considered a continent free from anthropic interference. Unfortunately, recent evidence indicate that metal contamination has gone so far and that its effects are still unknown. For this reason, in the present work, the potential endocrine disrupting effect of two highly polluting metals, copper and cadmium, were examined in the Antarctic teleost Trematomus bernacchii. After a 10 days waterborne exposure, ovarian metal uptake was determined by atomic absorption; in parallel, classical histological approaches were adopted to determine the effects on oocyte morphology, carbohydrate composition and presence and localization of progesterone and estrogen receptors. Results show that both metals induce oocyte degeneration in about one third of the previtellogenic oocytes, no matter the stage of development. In apparently healthy oocytes, changes in cytoplasm, cortical alveoli and/or chorion carbohydrates composition are observed. Cadmium but not copper also induces significant changes in the localization of progesterone and beta-estrogen receptors, a result that well correlates with the observed increase in ovarian metals concentrations. In conclusion, the acute modifications detected are suggestive of a significantly impaired fecundity and of a marked endocrine disrupting effects of copper and cadmium in this teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palma Simoniello
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Panzuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Califano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Zhang XT, Yu YY, Xu HY, Huang ZY, Liu X, Cao JF, Meng KF, Wu ZB, Han GK, Zhan MT, Ding LG, Kong WG, Li N, Takizawa F, Sunyer JO, Xu Z. Prevailing Role of Mucosal Igs and B Cells in Teleost Skin Immune Responses to Bacterial Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 206:1088-1101. [PMID: 33495235 PMCID: PMC11152320 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The skin of vertebrates is the outermost organ of the body and serves as the first line of defense against external aggressions. In contrast to mammalian skin, that of teleost fish lacks keratinization and has evolved to operate as a mucosal surface containing a skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT). Thus far, IgT representing the prevalent Ig in SALT have only been reported upon infection with a parasite. However, very little is known about the types of B cells and Igs responding to bacterial infection in the teleost skin mucosa, as well as the inductive or effector role of the SALT in such responses. To address these questions, in this study, we analyzed the immune response of trout skin upon infection with one of the most widespread fish skin bacterial pathogens, Flavobacterium columnare This pathogen induced strong skin innate immune and inflammatory responses at the initial phases of infection. More critically, we found that the skin mucus of fish having survived the infection contained significant IgT- but not IgM- or IgD-specific titers against the bacteria. Moreover, we demonstrate the local proliferation and production of IgT+ B cells and specific IgT titers, respectively, within the SALT upon bacterial infection. Thus, our findings represent the first demonstration that IgT is the main Ig isotype induced by the skin mucosa upon bacterial infection and that, because of the large surface of the skin, its SALT probably represents a prominent IgT-inductive site in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yong-Yao Yu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Hao-Yue Xu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Huang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jia-Feng Cao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Kai-Feng Meng
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng-Ben Wu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Guang-Kun Han
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Meng-Ting Zhan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Li-Guo Ding
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Wei-Guang Kong
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Fumio Takizawa
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - J Oriol Sunyer
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China;
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
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Yousefi M, Adineh H, Reverter M, Khademi Hamidi M, Vatnikov YA, Kulikov EV, Hoseinifar SH, Van Doan H. Protective effects of black seed (Nigella sativa) diet supplementation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) against immune depression, oxidative stress and metabolism dysfunction induced by glyphosate. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 109:12-19. [PMID: 33285165 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable aquaculture arises as key to increase food production in the coming years. However, the sector still faces many challenges such as the exposure of the cultured animals to pesticide-contaminated water. Pesticides used in agriculture can reach aquaculture systems either directly (integrated-agriculture aquaculture practices) or indirectly (soil leakage) and cause a broad range of ecotoxicological effects on cultured fish and shellfish. Here, we studied how glyphosate affects several haematological, biochemical, and immune parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings, the fourth most important cultured fish species worldwide. We also evaluated the potential of dietary supplementation with black seed (Nigella sativa, 0.25, 0.5 and 1%) to lower glyphosate-associated toxicity. Our results showed that 14-day sub-lethal exposure of common carp fingerlings to glyphosate increases oxidative stress, decreases antioxidant defences, affects several metabolic pathways, and induced immune depression. Furthermore, we showed that fish fed with N. sativa-enriched diets at 0.25, 0.5 and 1% for 60 days coped better with glyphosate exposure than control fish and displayed more stable levels of biochemical serum parameters (total protein, albumin, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein LDL), cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein HDL), higher levels of immune defences (lysozyme and immunoglobulin) and higher antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase SOD, glutathione peroxidase GPx) than control fish. Fish fed with all enriched diets also displayed lower lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde MDA), lower metabolic enzymes (alanine aminotransferase ALT, aspartate aminotransferase AST and alkaline phosphatase ALP) levels in blood serum and lower cortisol levels than control fish. Altogether, our results show that dietary inclusion of black seed can be used as a sustainable bio-remediation strategy, mitigating many of the negative effects of glyphosate exposure in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Hossein Adineh
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran
| | - Miriam Reverter
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Mohammad Khademi Hamidi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran
| | - Yury Anatolyevich Vatnikov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny Vladimirovich Kulikov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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10
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Motta CM, Tammaro S, Di Lorenzo M, Panzuto R, Verderame M, Migliaccio V, Simoniello P. Spring and Fall recrudescence in Podarcis siculus ovaries: A role for progesterone. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 290:113393. [PMID: 31982398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the lacertid Podarcis siculus the reproductive cycle is typically biphasic, with alternate recrudescence (Spring and Fall) and resting (Summer and Winter) phases. This study aimed to shed some light on the role exerted by progesterone during the two recrudescence periods; to this purpose, exogenous progesterone was administered intraperitoneally and the effects on oogonial proliferation, oocyte recruitment, and follicle cells apoptosis were determined. The presence and distribution of progesterone receptors was also investigated by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results indicate that progesterone would play different roles and follow different route of action in the two recrudescence periods thus confirming the complexity of the mechanisms controlling oogenesis in this species of vertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Motta
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - S Tammaro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - M Di Lorenzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - R Panzuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - M Verderame
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - V Migliaccio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - P Simoniello
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Naples Parthenope, Italy.
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11
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Hoseinifar SH, Shakouri M, Doan HV, Shafiei S, Yousefi M, Raeisi M, Yousefi S, Harikrishnan R, Reverter M. Dietary supplementation of lemon verbena (Aloysia citrodora) improved immunity, immune-related genes expression and antioxidant enzymes in rainbow trout (Oncorrhyncus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 99:379-385. [PMID: 32032763 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of veterinary drugs for the treatments of fish diseases has often health and environmental side effects and thus alternative more sustainable strategies are needed. In this study we have explored the effect of dietary administration of lemon verbena (Aloysia citrodora) leaves powder on growth, immune parameters and antioxidant enzyme activity of rainbow trout (Oncorrhyncus myskiss). The results show that adding lemon verbena (LV) leaves powder (0.5, 1 and 2%), as feed supplement does not affect significantly rainbow trout growth, but increases the levels of some immune parameters. All enriched-diets induced an increase in the levels of lysozyme activity and total immunoglobulin in rainbow trout serum (P < 0.05), whilst 1 and 2% enriched-diets increased lysozyme and immunoglobulin in skin mucus. Expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was enhanced in all fish supplemented with LV leaves powder (0.5, 1 and 2%) whilst only the diet with the highest dose (2%) induced a significantly higher expression of IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α). Fish fed with LV leaves powder at 1 and 2% had significantly lower expression of transforming growth factor (TGF-β, P < 0.05). Furthermore, all enriched-diets significantly increased the activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD, P < 0.05) and diets containing 1 and 2% of LV leaves powder also increased activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). In conclusion, LV leaves powder administered as feed supplement at 2% enhances the expression of some immune-related genes (IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF- α), rises the levels of lysozyme and total immunoglobulin in serum and skin mucus and increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GST and GPx) in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Meysam Shakouri
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Shafigh Shafiei
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Mojtaba Raeisi
- Food, Drug and Natural products health research center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Samira Yousefi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ramasamy Harikrishnan
- Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Kanchipuram, 631 501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Miriam Reverter
- Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
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12
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Agnese M, Rosati L, Prisco M, Borzacchiello L, Abagnale L, Andreuccetti P. The expression of estrogen receptors during the Mytilus galloprovincialis ovarian cycle. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2019; 331:367-373. [PMID: 31145556 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to assess, by real-time polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization, the expression of estrogen receptors ER1 and ER2 during the ovarian cycle of Mytilus galloprovincialis. By considering four phases of the reproductive cycle, that is stasis and previtellogenic stage (Stage 0), early vitellogenesis (Stage I), vitellogenesis (Stage II), full-grown oocyte (Stage III), our investigation demonstrates that the two receptors are differently expressed during the phases investigated of the ovarian cycle: ER1 reaches the highest level at Stage III, whereas ER2 reaches the highest level at Stage II, with ER2 always present at higher levels than ER1. The stage-dependent receptor expression was recorded within oocytes, follicle cells, and adipogranular cells. No ER1 and ER2 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were found within vesicular cells. It is to be noted that the ER1 and ER2 expression within the growing oocytes, the follicular, and adipogranular cells overlaps with that of the mRNA for vitellogenin in the same cells, strongly suggesting that in Mytilus, as in vertebrates studied so far, the vitellogenin expression is under the control of estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Agnese
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Prisco
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy
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13
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Pei C, Sun X, Zhang Y, Li L, Gao Y, Wang L, Kong X. Molecular cloning, expression analyses of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor gene and its variants in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and binding assay of the recombinant immunoglobulin-like domains. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:472-479. [PMID: 30880232 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor (pIgR) gene has been proved to play an important role in transporting polymeric immunoglobulin (Ig) in the mucosal tissues of mammals. pIgR gene also exists in teleost, but the genetic diversity and functions of this gene still need to be further explored. We obtained seven grass carp pIgR splicing transcripts, a full-length pIgR (CipIgR-1) and six truncated variants (CipIgR-2 to CipIgR-7). The full-length pIgR contained two immunoglobulin-like domains (ILD), a transmembrane domain (TMD) and a cytoplasmic domain (CyD). The CipIgR-2 lacked a small part in CyD, and CipIgR-3 lost TMD and CyD. Partial cDNA sequences of the other four grass carp pIgR variants (CipIgR-4 to CipIgR-7) were also cloned. The total expression levels of CipIgR and its variants in different tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The highest expression was found in the intestine, followed by the spleen and the skin. The function of the two extracellular ILDs of CipIgR was investigated based on its combining capacity with grass carp immunoglobulin M (IgM) and aquatic pathogenic bacteria. The cDNA sequences of two ILDs were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Recombinant ILDs protein was purified and incubated with different bacteria respectively. Results of Western blot showed the recombinant protein could combine Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Escherichia coli. In addition, binding activity of rILDs with grass carp IgM was detected. Collectively, these results indicated that multiple variants of pIgR gene in grass carp might be involved in the antibacterial immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pei
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Yan Gao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China.
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14
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Liu HH, Sun Q, Jiang YT, Fan MH, Wang JX, Liao Z. In-depth proteomic analysis of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris skin mucus. J Proteomics 2019; 200:74-89. [PMID: 30922736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Fish skin mucus serves as the first line of defence against pathogens and external stressors. The mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris inhabits intertidal mudflats containing abundant and diverse microbial populations; thus, the skin and mucus of B. pectinirostris are very important for immune defence. However, the molecules involved in the immune response and mucus secretion in the skin of this fish are poorly understood. To explore the proteomic profile of the skin mucus and understand the molecular mechanisms underlying B. pectinirostris adaption to amphibious environments, the microstructure of B. pectinirostris skin was analysed, and a series of histochemical procedures were employed for mucous glycoprotein localization and characterization. In addition, the antibacterial activity of B. pectinirostris skin mucus was studied, and the transcriptome of the skin and in-depth proteome of the mucus were determined. These studies revealed the hierarchical structure of B. pectinirostris skin and different types of glycoproteins (GPs) in the dermal bulge (DB) of the B. pectinirostris skin epidermis. The mucus has a broad antimicrobial spectrum and significant effects on the bacterial morphology. Furthermore, 93,914 unigenes were sequenced from B. pectinirostris skin tissue, and a total of 559 proteins were identified from B. pectinirostris skin mucus. SIGNIFICANCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Han Liu
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Yu-Ting Jiang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Mei-Hua Fan
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Jian-Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Zhi Liao
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
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15
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Motta CM, Tizzano M, Tagliafierro AM, Simoniello P, Panzuto R, Esposito L, Migliaccio V, Rosati L, Avallone B. Biocide triclosan impairs byssus formation in marine mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:388-396. [PMID: 29857307 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the biocide Triclosan, used in personal care products and known as a common environmental contaminant, on byssal apparatus were studied in the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Experimental evidences indicated that an exposure for 7 days at a concentration of 10 μg/L induced marked alterations in the byssus gland resulting in a significant delay in byssus regrowth and in a decrease in threads resistance to traction. Such alterations in animals exposed to tidal and waves action would cause a significant loss in ecological fitness and severely impact on mussel survival. Triclosan release in coastal environments therefore should be more carefully monitored to prevent drastic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Motta
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Tizzano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A M Tagliafierro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - P Simoniello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - R Panzuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - L Esposito
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - V Migliaccio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - L Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - B Avallone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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16
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Cárdenas-Reyna T, Angulo C, Hori-Oshima S, Velázquez-Lizárraga E, Reyes-Becerril M. B-cell activating CpG ODN 1668 enhance the immune response of Pacific red snapper (Lutjanus peru) exposed to Vibrio parahaemolitycus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 62:72-81. [PMID: 27143535 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
B-class CpG ODN 1668 is known to possess clear immunostimulatory properties. In this study, we investigated the potential ability of CpG ODN 1668 to enhance the immune response of Pacific red snapper exposed to Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Four different treatments were evaluated in Pacific red snapper: (1) stimulatory CpG ODN 1668, (2) stimulatory CpG ODN 1668 and V. parahaemolyticus, (3) exposure only to V. parahaemolyticus and (4) PBS. Samples were taken at 24, 72, 168 and 240 h of stimulation/infection. The results show that intraperitoneal injection of CpG-ODN 1668 enhanced the anti-protease, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in serum. CpG ODN 1668 upregulated TLR9 and IgM gene expression in head-kidney, intestine and skin, with higher expression in head-kidney. A higher correlation was observed between TLR9 and IgM in head-kidney and intestine. Finally, no histopathological damages were observed in fish stimulated with CpG ODN 1668. In contrast, melanomacrophages-like structures were present in higher numbers in infected fish. Taken together, these results indicate that CpG ODN 1668 activates innate immune response and upregulate the TLR9 and IgM-mediated immune response. These results may be exploited for the control of Vibriosis in farmed Pacific red snapper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Cárdenas-Reyna
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera San Felipe Km. 3.5, Fraccionamiento Laguna Campestre, Mexicali, Baja California 21386, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. 23090, Mexico
| | - Sawako Hori-Oshima
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera San Felipe Km. 3.5, Fraccionamiento Laguna Campestre, Mexicali, Baja California 21386, Mexico
| | - Esteban Velázquez-Lizárraga
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. 23090, Mexico
| | - Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. 23090, Mexico.
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17
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Buonocore F, Bernini C, Coscia MR, Giacomelli S, de Pascale D, Randelli E, Stocchi V, Scapigliati G. Immune response of the Antarctic teleost Trematomus bernacchii to immunization with Psychrobacter sp. (TAD1). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 56:192-198. [PMID: 27417227 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Adult Trematomus bernacchii have been immunized intraperitoneally with heat-killed cells of the Antarctic marine bacterium Psychrobacter sp. (TAD1) up to 60 days. After immunizations and sampling at various times, fish sera were tested for specific IgM by ELISA, and different tissues (head kidney and spleen) were investigated for transcription of master genes of the acquired immune response (IgM, IgT, TRβ, TRγ). Results from ELISA assays showed a time-dependent induction of specific serum anti-TAD1 IgM, and western blot analysis of TAD1 lysates probed with fish sera revealed enhanced immunoreactivity in immunized animals compared to controls. Quantitative PCR analysis of transcripts coding for IgM, IgT, TRβ, TRγ was performed in T. bernacchii tissues to assess basal expression, and then on cDNAs of cells from head kidney and spleen of fish injected for 8, 24, and 72 h with inactivated TAD1. The results showed a differential basal expression of transcripts in the examined tissues, and a time-dependent strong up-regulation of IgT, TRβ, TRγ genes upon in vivo stimulation with TAD1. These results represent a first in vivo study on the mounting of a specific immune response in an Antarctic teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Buonocore
- Università della Tuscia, Dipartimento per l'Innovazione Biologica, Agroalimentare e Forestale, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Chiara Bernini
- Università della Tuscia, Dipartimento per l'Innovazione Biologica, Agroalimentare e Forestale, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Coscia
- Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Giacomelli
- Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Donatella de Pascale
- Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elisa Randelli
- Università della Tuscia, Dipartimento per l'Innovazione Biologica, Agroalimentare e Forestale, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Valentina Stocchi
- Università della Tuscia, Dipartimento per l'Innovazione Biologica, Agroalimentare e Forestale, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Scapigliati
- Università della Tuscia, Dipartimento per l'Innovazione Biologica, Agroalimentare e Forestale, Viterbo, Italy.
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18
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Adorian TJ, Goulart FR, Mombach PI, de Menezes Lovatto N, Dalcin M, Molinari M, Lazzari R, da Silva LP. Effect of different dietary fiber concentrates on the metabolism and indirect immune response in silver catfish. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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New insights into evolution of IgT genes coming from Antarctic teleosts. Mar Genomics 2015; 24 Pt 1:55-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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20
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Zhang F, Liu D, Wang L, Li T, Chang Q, An L, Yang G. Characterization of IgM-binding protein: A pIgR-like molecule expressed by intestinal epithelial cells in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015; 167:30-5. [PMID: 26166176 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The adaptive mucosal immune system seems to be an important defence mechanism for fish, but the binding of immunoglobulin M (IgM) in mucosal organs has yet to be clarified in fish. The present study was designed to search for the protein that binds IgM in the intestinal epithelium and determine its distribution in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The serum-derived carp IgM fraction was isolated by Sephadex G-200 and assessed for purity by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. Serum IgM was subsequently used in affinity chromatography of IgM-sepharose for isolation of a specific binding protein from the intestinal epithelium. The resultant adsorbed protein (IgM-binding protein) demonstrated a single band using SDS-PAGE, with a relative molecular mass of 43.5 kDa. These results demonstrate for the first time that IgM-sepharose can be used as affinity chromatography to purify membrane proteins that bind IgM in fish. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that the distribution of IgM-binding protein in intestinal tissues was abundant, while that of splenic leukocytes were undetectable. Our study indicates that IgM-binding protein might be involved in transportation of IgM in intestine tissues, which is distinct from the IgM receptor on splenocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiao Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Dezhi Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Ting Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Qiang Chang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Liguo An
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, PR China.
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, PR China.
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21
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Makesh M, Sudheesh PS, Cain KD. Systemic and mucosal immune response of rainbow trout to immunization with an attenuated Flavobacterium psychrophilum vaccine strain by different routes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 44:156-163. [PMID: 25687393 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Teleosts possess three immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain isotypes viz., IgM, IgT and IgD and all three isotypes are reported in rainbow trout. The expression of these Ig isotypes in response to different immunization routes was investigated and results provide a better understanding of the role these Igs in different tissues. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were immunized with an attenuated Flavobacterium psychrophilum strain, 259-93-B.17 grown under iron limiting conditions, by intraperitoneal, anal intubation and immersion routes. Serum, gill mucus, skin mucus and intestinal mucus samples were collected at 0, 3, 7, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days post immunization by sacrificing four fish from each treatment group and the unimmunized control group, and the IgM levels were estimated by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, blood, gill, skin and intestinal tissue samples were collected for Ig gene expression studies. The secretory IgM, IgD and IgT gene expression levels in these tissues were estimated by reverse transcription quantitative real time PCR (RT-qPCR). Levels of IgM in serum, gill and skin mucus increased significantly by 28 days after immunization in the intraperitoneally immunized group, while no significant increase in IgM level was observed in fish groups immunized by other routes. Secretory IgD and IgT expression levels were significantly upregulated in gills of fish immunized by the immersion route. Similarly, secretory IgT and IgD were upregulated in intestines of fish immunized by anal intubation route. The results confirm mucosal association of IgT and suggest that IgD may also be specialized in mucosal immunity and contribute to immediate protection to the fish at mucosal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Makesh
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-1136, USA; Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, India.
| | - Ponnerassery S Sudheesh
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-1136, USA
| | - Kenneth D Cain
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-1136, USA
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22
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Gerdol M, Buonocore F, Scapigliati G, Pallavicini A. Analysis and characterization of the head kidney transcriptome from the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii (Teleostea, Notothenioidea): a source for immune relevant genes. Mar Genomics 2014; 20:13-5. [PMID: 25557849 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study we describe the de novo assembled head kidney transcriptome of the Antarctic notothenioid fish Trematomus bernacchii, an important model species for biochemical, environmental and immunological studies. RNA-seq data was generated using Illumina paired-end sequencing, obtaining ~7 Gbp of sequence data, which were assembled into 96,641 contigs and annotated with the Trinotate pipeline. Since this sequence collection is expected to contain a relevant number of immunity-related transcripts, it will be used as a reference for future immunological studies in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, TS, Italy.
| | - Francesco Buonocore
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, Viterbo, VT, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Scapigliati
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, Viterbo, VT, Italy.
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, TS, Italy.
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