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Rasmi Y, Jalali L, Khalid S, Shokati A, Tyagi P, Ozturk A, Nasimfar A. The effects of prolactin on the immune system, its relationship with the severity of COVID-19, and its potential immunomodulatory therapeutic effect. Cytokine 2023; 169:156253. [PMID: 37320963 PMCID: PMC10247151 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is an endocrine hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that has a variety of physiological effects, including milk production, immune system regulation, and anti-inflammatory effects. Elevated levels of PRL have been found in several viral infections, including 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), a viral pathogen that has recently spread worldwide. PRL production is increased in SARS-CoV2 infection. While PRL can trigger the production of proinflammatory cytokines, it also has several anti-inflammatory effects that can reduce hyperinflammation. The exact mechanism of PRL's contribution to the severity of COVID-19 is unknown. The purpose of this review is to discuss the interaction between PRL and SARS-CoV2 infection and its possible association with the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Rasmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Ladan Jalali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Saliha Khalid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University 34083, Cibali Campus Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ameneh Shokati
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Poonam Tyagi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alpaslan Ozturk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Health Sciences University, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Amir Nasimfar
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Gandhi GR, Antony PJ, Lana MJMDP, da Silva BFX, Oliveira RV, Jothi G, Hariharan G, Mohana T, Gan RY, Gurgel RQ, Cipolotti R, Quintans LJ. Natural products modulating interleukins and other inflammatory mediators in tumor-bearing animals: A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154038. [PMID: 35358934 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth and proliferation. Natural products are a potentially important source for bioactive phytochemicals in the management of cancer, which regulate a broad range of biological events via the modulation of interleukins (ILs), pro- and anti-inflammatory modulators, and other cancer hallmark-mediated signaling pathways. PURPOSE To systematically review the literature to identify in vivo studies investigating the anticancer properties of medicinal plants and natural molecules as modulators of ILs and their related pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling markers in tumor-bearing animals. METHODS Articles published in English were searched, without any constraint in respect of countries. The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were used for the literature search for studies published between January 2010 and January 2022. The search terms used included medicinal plants, anticancer, antineoplasic agent, ILs, cytokine, and their combinations. A manual search to detect any articles not found in the databases was also made. The identified studies were then critically reviewed and relevant data were extracted and summarized. RESULTS Natural products were found to modulate ILs, including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-23, and IL-12, and interferon gamma; increase tissue inhibitor metalloprotease; decrease vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor alpha, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and nuclear factor kappa B; augment immunity by increasing the major histocompatibility complexes II and CD4+, cluster of differentiation 8 + T cell and class II trans-activator expression; and heighten the action of antioxidant enzymes, which are involved in the detoxification of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSION Natural products discussed in this review show great potential to regulate ILs and weaken associated pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling markers in tumor-bearing animals. Flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, alkaloids and tannins are important phytochemicals in the modulation of ILs, especially pro-inflammatory ones. However, in terms of future research, the importance of clinical trials to investigate their beneficial properties should be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Roberta Vieira Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil
| | - Gnanasekaran Jothi
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindasamy Hariharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiruchenduran Mohana
- Department of Biochemistry, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Kundrathur 600069, Chennai, India
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil.
| | - Rosana Cipolotti
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil
| | - Lucindo José Quintans
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil.
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Cao ZJ, Yip KM, Jiang YG, Ji SL, Ruan JQ, Wang C, Chen HB. Suitability evaluation on material specifications and edible methods of Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis based on holistic polysaccharide marker. Chin Med 2020; 15:46. [PMID: 32426031 PMCID: PMC7218507 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-0300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis (DC) is a well-known tonic herbal medicine worldwide and has favorable immunomodulatory activity. Various material specifications of DC are available in herbal markets, and DC is ingested by different edible methods. However, whether these specifications and edible methods are suitable or not remains unknown. Methods In this study, we evaluated the suitability of four material specifications (fresh stem, dried stem, fengdou and powder) and three edible methods (making tea, soup and medicinal liquor) based on holistic polysaccharide marker (HPM), the major polysaccharide components in DC. First, the HPMs were extracted from the four specifications of DC by the three edible methods in different conditions. Second, qualitative and quantitative characterization of the extracted HPMs was performed using high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). Third, immunomodulatory activities of the extracted HPMs were evaluated in vivo. Results The results showed that the HPMs were found to be quantitatively different from various specification of DC and edible methods. In vivo analysis indicated that the HPMs exerted positive effects on innate immune responses by increment in proliferation of splenocytes, secretion of IL-2 and cytotoxicity activity of NK cells. Moreover, the dosage amount of HPM should be defined as a certain range, but not the larger the better, for exerting strong immunological activities. Conclusion According to the both chemical and biological results, fengdou by boiling with water for 4 h is the most recommended specification and edible method for DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jun Cao
- 1School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Man Yip
- 1School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Guo Jiang
- 2Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215153 China
| | - Shi-Liang Ji
- 2Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215153 China
| | - Jian-Qing Ruan
- 2Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215153 China.,3Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Cheng Wang
- 2Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215153 China.,3Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Hu-Biao Chen
- 1School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhu G, Gui Z. Effect of silkworm peptide on inducting M1 type polarization and Th1 activation via TLR2-induced MyD88-dependent pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1251-1260. [PMID: 31024698 PMCID: PMC6475741 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore immune activity and molecular mechanism of silkworm peptide. The cell subsets induced by silkworm peptides were detected by flow cytometry. The IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in CD4+ cells were measured by ELISA. TLR2 mRNA expression in mouse CD4+ T cells was detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of MyD88 and p-IκB. The growth rate of Lewis lung cancer xenografts in mice of the medium-dose group was significantly reduced, and the tumor volume was significantly smaller than that of the control group on the 14th day. The relative vitality values of spleen lymphocytes in the medium-dose and high-dose groups were higher than the control group. The IFN-γ levels in the medium-dose and high-dose groups were significantly higher than the control group. The levels of IL-4 were no significant change among different groups. Compared with the control group, different doses of silkworm peptide groups could increase the levels of NO, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-1β. Compared with the control group, the protein expression levels of MyD88 and p-IκB in 10 μg/ml group and 20 μg/ml groups were significantly increased compared with the control group. Silkworm peptide could induce Th1 activation and M1 type polarization, which was dose-dependent and was relative to the effect of silkworm peptide on inhibiting tumor growth. Silkworm peptide could directly induce M1 type polarization and Th1 activation via TLR2-induced MyD88-dependent pathway in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglai Zhu
- School of BiotechnologyJiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiangChina
- Department of Aquatic Science and TechnologyJiangsu Animal Husbandry and Veterinary CollegeTaizhouChina
| | - Zhongzheng Gui
- School of BiotechnologyJiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiangChina
- Sericultural Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhenjiangChina
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Crude Polysaccharides from Okra Pods ( Abelmoschus esculentus) Grown in Indonesia Enhance the Immune Response due to Bacterial Infection. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2018; 2018:8505383. [PMID: 30402093 PMCID: PMC6198543 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8505383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Okra pods were widely consumed by Indonesians to maintain health. The aim of this study was at investigating the potential of crude polysaccharides from okra pods on immune response in mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Thirty male Balb/C mice were divided into six groups: normal control, negative control, and treatment groups (administration of crude polysaccharides at doses of 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg). Crude polysaccharides were administrated for fourteen days. Furthermore, mice were exposed to S. aureus at the fifteenth day. Two weeks after the end of treatment, the parameters were measured. This study showed that crude polysaccharides at a dose of 75 and 100 mg/kg improved phagocytic activity, spleen index, and splenocytes proliferation. Rising of TNF-α levels was shown in groups treated with crude polysaccharides at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg. All treatment groups showed a decreasing level of IL-17. Crude okra polysaccharides also showed a slight increase in NK cells activity and IFN-γ level. Thus, crude okra polysaccharides could act as an effective material to enhance immune response including phagocytic activity, spleen index, splenocytes proliferation, and control immune responses through cytokine production.
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Sun S, Li K, Lei Z, Xiao L, Gao R, Zhang Z. Immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide from Helicteres angustifolia L. on 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:881-888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Shin JS, Chung SH, Lee WS, Lee JY, Kim JL, Lee KT. Immunostimulatory effects of cordycepin-enriched WIB-801CE from Cordyceps militaris
in splenocytes and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. Phytother Res 2017; 32:132-139. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sun Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry; College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University; 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Korea
| | - Soo-Hak Chung
- Central Research Institute, Whanin Pharm. Co., Ltd GBSA; 107, Gwanggyo-ro Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16229 Korea
| | - Woo-Seok Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry; College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University; 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Korea
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science; College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University; 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Korea
| | - Je-Young Lee
- Central Research Institute, Whanin Pharm. Co., Ltd GBSA; 107, Gwanggyo-ro Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16229 Korea
| | - Jong-Lae Kim
- Central Research Institute, Whanin Pharm. Co., Ltd GBSA; 107, Gwanggyo-ro Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16229 Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry; College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University; 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Korea
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science; College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University; 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Korea
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Yang PM, Du JL, Wang GNK, Chia JS, Hsu WB, Pu PC, Sun A, Chiang CP, Wang WB. The Chinese Herbal Mixture Tien-Hsien Liquid Augments the Anticancer Immunity in Tumor Cell-Vaccinated Mice. Integr Cancer Ther 2017; 16:319-328. [PMID: 27252074 PMCID: PMC5759942 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416651492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chinese herbal mixture, Tien-Hsien liquid (THL), has been used as an anticancer dietary supplement for more than 20 years. Our previous studies have shown that THL can modulate immune responseand inhibit tumor growth. In this study, we further evaluated the effect of THL on anticancer immune response in mice vaccinated with γ-ray-irradiated tumor cells. METHODS The antitumor effect of THL was determined in mice vaccinated with low-tumorigenic CT-26-low colon cancer cells or γ-ray-irradiated high-tumorigenic CT-26-high colon cancer cells. The number of natural killer (NK) cells and T lymphocytes in the spleen was analyzed by flow cytometry. The tumor-killing activities of NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were analyzed by flow cytometry using YAC-1 and CT-26-high cells, respectively, as target cells. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. RESULTS THL suppressed the growth of CT-26-high tumor in mice previously vaccinated with low-tumorigenic CT-26-low cells or γ-irradiated CT-26-high cells. THL increased the populations of NK cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes in the spleen and enhanced the tumor-killing activities of NK cells and CTL in mice vaccinated with γ-irradiated CT-26-high cells. THL increased the production of IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α in mice vaccinated with γ-irradiated CT-26-high cells. CONCLUSION THL can enhance the antitumor immune responses in mice vaccinated with killed tumor cells. These results suggest that THL may be used as a complementary medicine for cancer patients previously treated with killed tumor cell vaccines, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ming Yang
- College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ling Du
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jean-San Chia
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Bin Hsu
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Ching Pu
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Andy Sun
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pin Chiang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Won-Bo Wang
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Xing R, Liu Y, Li K, Yu H, Liu S, Yang Y, Chen X, Li P. Monomer composition of chitooligosaccharides obtained by different degradation methods and their effects on immunomodulatory activities. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:1288-1297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhu L, Zhang F, Yang LJ, Ge Y, Wei QF, Ou Y. EPSAH, an exopolysaccharide from Aphanothece halophytica GR02, improves both cellular and humoral immunity as a novel polysaccharide adjuvant. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 14:541-8. [PMID: 27507205 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
EPSAH is an exopolysaccharide from Aphanothece halophytica GR02. The present study was designed to evaluate its toxicity and adjuvant potential in the specific cellular and humoral immune responses in ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. EPSAH did not cause any mortality and side effects when the mice were administered subcutaneously twice at the dose of 50 mg·kg(-1). Hemolytic activity in vitro indicated that EPSAH was non-hemolytic. Splenocyte proliferation in vitro was assayed with different concentrations of EPSAH. The mice were immunized subcutaneously with OVA 0.1 mg alone or with OVA 0.1 mg dissolved in saline containing Alum (0.2 mg) or EPSAH (0.2, 0.4, or 0.8 mg) on Day 1 and 15. Two weeks later, splenocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cell activity, production of cytokines IL-2 from splenocytes, and serum OVA-specific antibody titers were measured. Phagocytic activity, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-12 in mice peritoneal macrophages were also determined. EPSAH showed a dose-dependent stimulating effect on mitogen-induced proliferation. The Con A-, LPS-, and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation and the serum OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibody titers in the immunized mice were significantly enhanced. EPSAH also significantly promoted the production of Th1 cytokine IL-2. Besides, EPSAH remarkably increased the killing activities of NK cells from splenocytes in the immunized mice. In addition, EPSAH enhanced phagocytic activity and the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-12 in macrophages. These results indicated that EPSAH had a strong potential to increase both cellular and humoral immune responses, particularly promoting the development of Th1 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Jun Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Ge
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Fang Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Ou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Tong L, Wang L, Zhou X, Zhong K, Liu L, Wang F, Zhou S. Antitumor activity of Dendrobium devonianum polysaccharides based on their immunomodulatory effects in S180 tumor-bearing mice. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03074b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the antitumor activity and immunostimulatory effect of the water-soluble polysaccharides (DDP) from stem of Dendrobium devonianum in S180 tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Tong
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Beijing
| | - Lili Wang
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Beijing
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Beijing
| | - Kui Zhong
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Beijing
| | - Liya Liu
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Beijing
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Beijing
| | - Sumei Zhou
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Beijing
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Gilcy GK, Kuttan G. Immune response modulatory effect of Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC: an in vivo experimental study. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 26:613-22. [PMID: 26280169 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2015-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was performed in order to provide a scientific basis for the conventional use of Emilia sonchifolia in the traditional Indian Ayurvedic medicine possibly through modulation of the host immune defense. METHODS Emilia sonchifolia methanolic extract (25 mg/kg body weight) was administered intraperitoneally in mice, and hematological parameters, relative organ weights, bone marrow cellularity, and α-esterase activity were assessed. Humoral immune response was evaluated by hemagglutinating antibody (HA) titer and plaque forming cell (PFC) assay. Blastogenesis assays of lymphoid organs were done in the presence and absence of various mitogens such as phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen, and lipopolysaccharide. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) production was assessed by Winn's neutralization test. The levels of cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were evaluated by ELISA. RESULTS Emilia sonchifolia significantly enhanced the total white blood cell count (9995±535 cells/mm3), bone marrow cellularity, α-esterase activity, and weight of lymphoid organs (p<0.001). The effect on humoral immune response was evident from the enhanced HA titer and increased number of PFCs (p<0.001). The blastogenic effects of mitogens were also stimulated to significant levels by E. sonchifolia treatment. Emilia sonchifolia treatment augmented cell-mediated immune response by enhancing the killing activity of CTLs and by enhanced production of IL-2 and IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS From these results, it was very evident that E. sonchifolia, an indigenous medicinal plant, is a potent immune response modulator, and the present report is so far the first study to demonstrate the immunoregulatory activity of E. sonchifolia.
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Immunomodulatory and anticancer effects of Pituranthos tortuosus essential oil. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5165-70. [PMID: 25663463 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have been performed to assess potential utility of natural products as immunomodulants to enhance antitumor activity in situ. In this study, an essential oil (EO) from the aerial parts of Pituranthos tortuosus was prepared using hydrodistillation, its composition was characterized, and its immunomodulatory potential was assessed. The results indicated that the EO contained sabinene, α-pinene, limonene, and terpinen-4-ol as major constituents. EO was also found to be able to significantly promote lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation, suggestive of a potential for activation of B cells and enhanced humoral immune responses in hosts given this product. Effects of EO on cell proliferation and apoptosis were also investigated in B16F10 melanoma cells. EO-induced tumor cell growth inhibition was associated with characteristic apoptotic changes in the cells, including nuclear condensation. In conclusion, these data suggested to us that an EO of P. tortuosus could evolve to be a potential medicinal resource for use in the treatment of cancers.
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Effect of Taurine on Viability and Proliferation of Murine Melanoma B16F10 Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 803:167-77. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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Krifa M, Skandrani I, Pizzi A, Nasr N, Ghedira Z, Mustapha N, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. An aqueous extract of Limoniastrum guyonianum gall induces anti-tumor effects in melanoma-injected mice via modulation of the immune response. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 69:76-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Xia L, Liu X, Guo H, Zhang H, Zhu J, Ren F. Partial characterization and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from the stem of Dendrobium officinale (Tiepishihu) in vitro. J Funct Foods 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Chitosan nanoparticles act as an adjuvant to promote both Th1 and Th2 immune responses induced by ovalbumin in mice. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:1038-1055. [PMID: 21747747 PMCID: PMC3131560 DOI: 10.3390/md9061038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the promoted immune response to ovalbumin in mice by chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) and its toxicity. CNP did not cause any mortality or side effects when mice were administered subcutaneously twice with a dose of 1.5 mg at 7-day intervals. Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were immunized subcutaneously with 25 μg ovalbumin (OVA) alone or with 25 μg OVA dissolved in saline containing Quil A (10 μg), chitosan (CS) (50 μg) or CNP (12.5, 50 or 200 μg) on days 1 and 15. Two weeks after the secondary immunization, serum OVA-specific antibody titers, splenocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and production and mRNA expression of cytokines from splenocytes were measured. The serum OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibody titers and Con A-, LPS-, and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation were significantly enhanced by CNP (P < 0.05) as compared with OVA and CS groups. CNP also significantly promoted the production of Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-10) cytokines and up-regulated the mRNA expression of IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-10 cytokines in splenocytes from the immunized mice compared with OVA and CS groups. Besides, CNP remarkably increased the killing activities of NK cells activity (P < 0.05). The results suggested that CNP had a strong potential to increase both cellular and humoral immune responses and elicited a balanced Th1/Th2 response, and that CNP may be a safe and efficacious adjuvant candidate suitable for a wide spectrum of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.
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Hamsa TP, Kuttan G. Augmentation of cellular immune response by Ipomoea obscura and Ipobscurine alkaloid attenuates tumor growth in mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2011; 89:259-68. [PMID: 21539469 DOI: 10.1139/y11-017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The immune status of the host plays a crucial role in controling the process of carcinogenesis. General or selective activation of various immunocompetent cells and their secretory function to maintain a healthy immune status may help in cancer prophylaxis, as well as therapy. The present study focused on the effect of Ipomoea obscura and Ipobscurine on cell-mediated immune response. In this study we evaluated the effect of I. obscura and an indole alkaloid fraction from I. obscura on effector mechanisms of cell-mediated immune response by analyzing cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity, natural killer (NK) cell activity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and antibody-dependent complement-mediated cytotoxicity (ACC). The effect of I. obscura and Ipobscurine on interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels was also analyzed. In the in vitro and in vivo systems, I. obscura and Ipobscurine treatment augmented cell-mediated immune response by enhancing the killing activity of CTL and NK cells from splenocytes in normal as well as tumor-bearing mice. ADCC and ACC were also enhanced significantly in both normal and tumor-bearing animals after drug administration, compared with untreated control. Administration of I. obscura and Ipobscurine significantly enhanced the production of IL-2 and IFN-γ in normal as well as tumor-bearing animals. This study reveals that both I. obscura and Ipobscurine have the potential to augment immune response through the enhanced secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ by T cells and thereby inhibit tumor growth and as an alternative medicine for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Hamsa
- Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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Cao L, Liu X, Qian T, Sun G, Guo Y, Chang F, Zhou S, Sun X. Antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of arabinoxylans: A major constituent of wheat bran. Int J Biol Macromol 2011; 48:160-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2010.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2010] [Revised: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Zhang Q, Ni W, Zhao X, Wang F, Gao Z, Tai G. Synergistic antitumor effects of Escherichia coli maltose binding protein and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in a mouse lung carcinoma model. Immunol Lett 2010; 136:108-13. [PMID: 21172388 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Maltose binding protein (MBP) is a component of the maltose transport system in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. It is commonly believed that MBP has minimal effects on the bioactivity, thus, it is widely used in the purification of recombinant proteins. Here, we found that the combined immunization with MBP and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with MBP or BCG immunization alone in a mouse lung carcinoma model. Further studies showed that MBP nonspecifically activated T helper 1 (Th1) cells and enhanced the BCG-induced Th1 cell activation. Moreover, MBP or BCG immunization alone increased the activities of natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, and the combined immunization with MBP and BCG induced a synergistic effect on the activities of NK cells and macrophages. These results suggest that MBP possesses potent immune enhancement activities, and that the combination of MBP and BCG-induced synergistic antitumor effects might be mediated mainly through the activation of Th1 cells, NK cells and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyong Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, 130021 Changchun, PR China
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Liu SH, Shen XH, Wei XF, Mao XH, Huang T. Immunomodulatory activity of butanol extract from Solanum lyratum in tumor-bearing mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2010; 33:100-6. [PMID: 20482445 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2010.483520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Solanum lyratum Thunb (Solanaceae) has been widely used for cancer as a folk remedy in Chinese traditional medicine. In this study, the main active fraction n-butanol extract from S. lyratum (BESL) was evaluated for the therapeutic efficacies on mice transplantable tumor and immunomodulatory potentials on the immune response in tumor-bearing mice. The effects of BESL on the growth of mouse transplantable S180 sarcoma, splenocyte proliferation, the activity of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), production of cytokines from splenocytes, and serum antigen-specific antibody levels in S180-bearing mice were measured. BESL could not only significantly inhibit the growth of S180 sarcoma transplanted in mice, but also remarkably promote splenocytes proliferation, NK cell and CTL activity, interleukin-2 and interferon-γ production from splenocytes, and serum antigen-specific antibody levels in tumor-bearing mice (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, or P <0.001). The results suggested that BESL might exhibit antitumor activity by improving immune response, and it could act as antitumor agent with immunomodulatory activity. This study provided evidence to understand the therapeutic effects of S. lyratum for treatment of cancer and a natural product to further researches to be developed as a cancer chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-hua Liu
- The Third Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Xu HS, Wu YW, Xu SF, Sun HX, Chen FY, Yao L. Antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from the roots of Actinidia eriantha. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 125:310-317. [PMID: 19559777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 05/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The roots of Actinidia eriantha Benth (Actinidiaceae) have been used for cancers in the Chinese folk medicine. The present study aimed at evaluating the antitumor potentials of the polysaccharides from the roots of Actinidia eriantha and elucidating their immunological mechanisms by determining the effects on the growth of tumor transplanted in mice and the immune response in tumor-bearing mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total polysaccharide AEP and fours purified polysaccharides AEPA, AEPB, AEPC and AEPD were isolated and purified from the roots of Actinidia eriantha by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, dialysis and gel filtration. Their effects on the growth of mouse transplantable tumor, splenocyte proliferation, the activity of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), production of cytokines from splenocytes, and serum antigen-specific antibody levels in tumor-bearing mice were measured. RESULTS AEP and four purified polysaccharides could not only significantly inhibit the growth of mouse transplantable tumor, but also remarkably promote splenocytes proliferation, NK cell and CTL activity, IL-2 and IFN-gamma production from splenocytes, and serum antigen-specific antibody levels in tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS The antitumor activity of AEP and four purified polysaccharides might be achieved by improving immune response, and the composition of the monosaccharides, uronic acid contents and molecular weight could affect their antitumor and immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Shun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Etiology & Immunological Prevention of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Xu H, Yao L, Sun H, Wu Y. Chemical composition and antitumor activity of different polysaccharides from the roots of Actinidia eriantha. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Deng W, Sun HX, Chen FY, Yao ML. Immunomodulatory Activity of 3β,6β-Dihydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic Acid in Tumor-Bearing Mice. Chem Biodivers 2009; 6:1243-53. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200800187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Sun HX, Wang H, Xu HS, Ni Y. Novel polysaccharide adjuvant from the roots of Actinidia eriantha with dual Th1 and Th2 potentiating activity. Vaccine 2009; 27:3984-91. [PMID: 19389450 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2009] [Revised: 04/05/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The plant polysaccharides are recognized as an effective biological response modifier with low toxicity. In this study, the water-soluble polysaccharide from the roots of Actinidia eriantha (AEPS) was evaluated for its toxicity and adjuvant potential on the specific cellular and humoral immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. AEP did not cause any mortality and side effects when mice were administered subcutaneously twice at the dose up to 5.0mg at intervals of 7 days. The mice were immunized subcutaneously with OVA 100 microg alone or with OVA 100 microg dissolved in saline containing Quil A (10 microg) or AEPS (25, 50, or 100 microg) on days 1 and 15. Two weeks later, splenocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cell activity, production and mRNA expression of cytokines from splenocytes, and serum OVA-specific antibody titers were measured. The Con A-, LPS-, and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation and the serum OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibody titers in the immunized mice were significantly enhanced by AEPS (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001). AEPS also significantly promoted the production of Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) and Th2 (IL-10) cytokines and up-regulated the mRNA expression of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-10 cytokines and T-bet and GATA-3 transcription factors in splenocytes from the immunized mice (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001). Besides, AEPS remarkably increased the killing activities of NK cells from splenocytes in the immunized mice (P<0.01 or P<0.001). The results indicated that AEPS had strong potential to increase both cellular and humoral immune responses and elicit a balanced Th1/Th2 response, and that AEPS may be a safe and efficacious adjuvant candidate suitable for a wide spectrum of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Etiology & Immunological Prevention of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang, China.
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Tu J, Sun HX, Ye YP. Immunomodulatory and antitumor activity of triterpenoid fractions from the rhizomes of Astilbe chinensis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 119:266-271. [PMID: 18692123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2008] [Revised: 06/08/2008] [Accepted: 07/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vivo antitumor potential of the triterpenoid fraction from the rhizomes of Astilbe chinensis (Saxifragaceae) (Saxifragaceae) (ATF) and to elucidate its immunological mechanisms by determining its effects on the growth of mouse transplanted tumors and the immune response in naïve and tumor-bearing mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mice inoculated with mouse tumor cell lines were treated per os with ATF at the doses of 20, 40, 60 mg/kg for 10 days. The effects of ATF on the growth of transplantable tumor, splenocyte proliferation, the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, and production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) from splenocytes in tumor-bearing mice were measured. Meanwhile, the effects of ATF on 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction and the sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-induced antibody response in naïve mice were also studied. RESULTS ATF could not only significantly inhibit the growth of mice transplantable tumor, but also remarkably increase splenocytes proliferation, NK cells activity, and the level of IL-2 secreted by splenocytes in tumor-bearing mice, promote the DTH reaction and enhance anti-SRBC antibody level in naïve mice, which indicated that the ATF could improve both specific and non-specific cellular and humoral immune response. CONCLUSIONS The antitumor activity of ATF might be achieved by improving immune response, and ATF could act as antitumor agent with immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Kaixuan Road 268, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, China
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Tripathi A, Sodhi A. Prolactin-induced production of cytokines in macrophages in vitro involves JAK/STAT and JNK MAPK pathways. Int Immunol 2008; 20:327-36. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxm145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zhang J, Sun R, Tian Z. Human prolactin promotes human secondary immunoglobulin response in human/SCID mouse chimeras. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2006; 14:60-4. [PMID: 17079435 PMCID: PMC1797703 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00244-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human prolactin (rhPRL) was administered to huPBL-SCID mice to determine its effects on production of human immunoglobulin (Ig). The huPBL-SCID mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 10 mug rhPRL every other day for a total of 10 injections. The results reconfirmed that rhPRL significantly increased the numbers of human CD3+ T cells and human CD19+ B cells in spleens, lymph nodes, and thymuses of huPBL-SCID mice. The huPBL-SCID mice were then concurrently given various doses of diphtheria-tetanus (DT) vaccine and 10-mug i.p. injections of rhPRL and were examined for the presence of human DT-specific proliferation of lymph node cells in vitro and antibody production in vivo. rhPRL greatly improved the engraftment of functional human lymphocytes (CD3+ T cells and CD19+ B cells) in DT-immunized huPBL-SCID mice. The rhPRL-treated, DT-immunized huPBL-SCID mice produced significantly larger amounts of DT-specific antibodies in response to the vaccine. The predominant Ig isotype induced after immunization was IgG. Thus, rhPRL stimulation promotes human secondary IgG responses in huPBL-SCID mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmacology & Immunotherapy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan 250012, China.
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