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Grose C, Putman Z, Esposito D. A review of alternative promoters for optimal recombinant protein expression in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Protein Expr Purif 2021; 186:105924. [PMID: 34087362 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.105924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Generating recombinant proteins in insect cells has been made possible via the use of the Baculovirus Expression Vector System (BEVS). Despite the success of many proteins via this platform, some targets remain a challenge due to issues such as cytopathic effects, the unpredictable nature of co-infection and co-expressions, and baculovirus genome instability. Many promoters have been assayed for the purpose of expressing diverse proteins in insect cells, and yet there remains a lack of implementation of those results when reviewing the landscape of commercially available baculovirus vectors. In advancing the platform to produce a greater variety of proteins and complexes, the development of such constructs cannot be avoided. A better understanding of viral gene regulation and promoter options including viral, synthetic, and insect-derived promoters will be beneficial to researchers looking to utilize BEVS by recruiting these intricate mechanisms of gene regulation for heterologous gene expression. Here we summarize some of the developments that could be utilized to improve the expression of recombinant proteins and multi-protein complexes in insect cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carissa Grose
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Zoe Putman
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
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2
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Engineering of the baculovirus expression system for optimized protein production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:113-123. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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3
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Ju X, Ren M, Chen K, Wang Q. Overexpression of c-Myc enhances recombinant protein production in High Five cells after baculovirus infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 73:147-151. [PMID: 28753552 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2017-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Due to their numerous advantages, baculovirus expression vector systems (BEVS) have been widely used to express recombinant proteins for different purposes. Different strategies have been adopted to increase recombinant protein production. In this study, we transiently or stably expressed mouse c-Myc in High Five cells using a commercial pIB/V5 vector. Under the control of the OpIE2 promoter, this vector could enhance recombinant protein production. We found that transient expression of c-Myc in High Five cells improved recombinant protein production. Furthermore, we established two stable cell lines, High Five-c-Myc #1 and High Five-c-Myc #2, that stably expressed mouse c-Myc. We further found that the expression level of the recombinant protein was increased in these stable cell lines compared to control cell lines. These data indicate that overexpressing c-Myc in cells is a promising way to improve recombinant protein production in BEVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ju
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Meijia Ren
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Keping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
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4
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van Oers MM, Pijlman GP, Vlak JM. Thirty years of baculovirus–insect cell protein expression: from dark horse to mainstream technology. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:6-23. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.067108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monique M. van Oers
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gorben P. Pijlman
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Just M. Vlak
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Hu YC, Yao K, Wu TY. Baculovirus as an expression and/or delivery vehicle for vaccine antigens. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 7:363-71. [PMID: 18393606 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.7.3.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300 Taiwan.
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6
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Fernandes F, Teixeira AP, Carinhas N, Carrondo MJT, Alves PM. Insect cells as a production platform of complex virus-like particles. Expert Rev Vaccines 2013; 12:225-36. [PMID: 23414412 DOI: 10.1586/erv.12.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are multiprotein structures that resemble the conformation of native viruses but lack a viral genome, potentiating their application as safer and cheaper vaccines. The production of VLPs has been strongly linked with the use of insect cells and the baculovirus expression vector system, especially those particles composed of two or more structural viral proteins. In fact, this expression platform has been extensively improved over the years to address the challenges of coexpression of multiple proteins and their proper assembly into complexes in the same cell. In this article, the role of insect cell technology in the development and production of complex VLPs is overviewed; recent achievements, current bottlenecks and future trends are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Fernandes
- ITQB-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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7
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Almo SC, Garforth SJ, Hillerich BS, Love JD, Seidel RD, Burley SK. Protein production from the structural genomics perspective: achievements and future needs. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2013; 23:335-44. [PMID: 23642905 PMCID: PMC4163025 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite a multitude of recent technical breakthroughs speeding high-resolution structural analysis of biological macromolecules, production of sufficient quantities of well-behaved, active protein continues to represent the rate-limiting step in many structure determination efforts. These challenges are only amplified when considered in the context of ongoing structural genomics efforts, which are now contending with multi-domain eukaryotic proteins, secreted proteins, and ever-larger macromolecular assemblies. Exciting new developments in eukaryotic expression platforms, including insect and mammalian-based systems, promise enhanced opportunities for structural approaches to some of the most important biological problems. Development and implementation of automated eukaryotic expression techniques promises to significantly improve production of materials for structural, functional, and biomedical research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.
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Vijayachandran LS, Thimiri Govinda Raj DB, Edelweiss E, Gupta K, Maier J, Gordeliy V, Fitzgerald DJ, Berger I. Gene gymnastics: Synthetic biology for baculovirus expression vector system engineering. Bioengineered 2013; 4:279-87. [PMID: 23328086 DOI: 10.4161/bioe.22966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most essential activities in eukaryotic cells are catalyzed by large multiprotein assemblies containing up to ten or more interlocking subunits. The vast majority of these protein complexes are not easily accessible for high resolution studies aimed at unlocking their mechanisms, due to their low cellular abundance and high heterogeneity. Recombinant overproduction can resolve this bottleneck and baculovirus expression vector systems (BEVS) have emerged as particularly powerful tools for the provision of eukaryotic multiprotein complexes in high quality and quantity. Recently, synthetic biology approaches have begun to make their mark in improving existing BEVS reagents by de novo design of streamlined transfer plasmids and by engineering the baculovirus genome. Here we present OmniBac, comprising new custom designed reagents that further facilitate the integration of heterologous genes into the baculovirus genome for multiprotein expression. Based on comparative genome analysis and data mining, we herein present a blueprint to custom design and engineer the entire baculovirus genome for optimized production properties using a bottom-up synthetic biology approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi S Vijayachandran
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); Grenoble Outstation and Unit of Virus Host-Cell Interactions (UVHCI); UJF-EMBL-CNRS, UMR 5233; Grenoble, France; Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS); UMR5075 CEA-CNRS-Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble, France; Information Services to Life Science (IStLS); Oberndorf am Neckar, Germany; Geneva Biotech; Geneva, Switzerland
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Roy P, Noad R. Use of bacterial artificial chromosomes in baculovirus research and recombinant protein expression: current trends and future perspectives. ISRN MICROBIOLOGY 2012; 2012:628797. [PMID: 23762754 PMCID: PMC3671692 DOI: 10.5402/2012/628797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The baculovirus expression system is one of the most successful and widely used eukaryotic protein expression methods. This short review will summarise the role of bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACS) as an enabling technology for the modification of the virus genome. For many years baculovirus genomes have been maintained in E. coli as bacterial artificial chromosomes, and foreign genes have been inserted using a transposition-based system. However, with recent advances in molecular biology techniques, particularly targeting reverse engineering of the baculovirus genome by recombineering, new frontiers in protein expression are being addressed. In particular, BACs have facilitated the propagation of disabled virus genomes that allow high throughput protein expression. Furthermore, improvement in the selection of recombinant viral genomes inserted into BACS has enabled the expression of multiprotein complexes by iterative recombineering of the baculovirus genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly Roy
- Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
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Li M, Man N, Qiu H, Cai S, He X, He X, Lu X. Detection of an internal translation activity in the 5' region of Bombyx mori infectious flacherie virus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:697-705. [PMID: 22476262 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-3996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The 5' untranslated region plays an important role in positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus translation initiation, as it contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) that mediates cap-independent translation and is applied to simultaneously express several proteins. Infectious flacherie virus (IFV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus; however, the IRES function is still not proved. To investigate whether the sequences of IFV contain IRES activity, a series of bicistronic reporter (DsRed and enhanced green fluorescent protein) recombinant baculoviruses were constructed to infect the insect cells and silkworm using the Bombyx mori baculovirus expression system. Results showed that the upstream 311, 323, 383, 551, and 599 nt have IRES activity except for the 155-nt region in BmN cells. More importantly, the tetraloop structure containing region between 551 and 599 nt appeared to be responsible for the enhanced IRES activity in different insect cell lines and silkworm. These results indicated that the IRES activity is not species specific and tissue specific. Therefore, our findings may provide the basis for the simultaneous expression of two or various different genes under the same promoter in baculovirus expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqian Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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11
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Bieniossek C, Imasaki T, Takagi Y, Berger I. MultiBac: expanding the research toolbox for multiprotein complexes. Trends Biochem Sci 2011; 37:49-57. [PMID: 22154230 PMCID: PMC7127121 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein complexes composed of many subunits carry out most essential processes in cells and, therefore, have become the focus of intense research. However, deciphering the structure and function of these multiprotein assemblies imposes the challenging task of producing them in sufficient quality and quantity. To overcome this bottleneck, powerful recombinant expression technologies are being developed. In this review, we describe the use of one of these technologies, MultiBac, a baculovirus expression vector system that is particularly tailored for the production of eukaryotic multiprotein complexes. Among other applications, MultiBac has been used to produce many important proteins and their complexes for their structural characterization, revealing fundamental cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bieniossek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Grenoble Outstation, UJF-CNRS-EMBL Unite Mixte International UMI 3265, rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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12
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Metz SW, Geertsema C, Martina BE, Andrade P, Heldens JG, van Oers MM, Goldbach RW, Vlak JM, Pijlman GP. Functional processing and secretion of Chikungunya virus E1 and E2 glycoproteins in insect cells. Virol J 2011; 8:353. [PMID: 21762510 PMCID: PMC3162542 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne, arthrogenic Alphavirus that causes large epidemics in Africa, South-East Asia and India. Recently, CHIKV has been transmitted to humans in Southern Europe by invading and now established Asian tiger mosquitoes. To study the processing of envelope proteins E1 and E2 and to develop a CHIKV subunit vaccine, C-terminally his-tagged E1 and E2 envelope glycoproteins were produced at high levels in insect cells with baculovirus vectors using their native signal peptides located in CHIKV 6K and E3, respectively. Results Expression in the presence of either tunicamycin or furin inhibitor showed that a substantial portion of recombinant intracellular E1 and precursor E3E2 was glycosylated, but that a smaller fraction of E3E2 was processed by furin into mature E3 and E2. Deletion of the C-terminal transmembrane domains of E1 and E2 enabled secretion of furin-cleaved, fully processed E1 and E2 subunits, which could then be efficiently purified from cell culture fluid via metal affinity chromatography. Confocal laser scanning microscopy on living baculovirus-infected Sf21 cells revealed that full-length E1 and E2 translocated to the plasma membrane, suggesting similar posttranslational processing of E1 and E2, as in a natural CHIKV infection. Baculovirus-directed expression of E1 displayed fusogenic activity as concluded from syncytia formation. CHIKV-E2 was able to induce neutralizing antibodies in rabbits. Conclusions Chikungunya virus glycoproteins could be functionally expressed at high levels in insect cells and are properly glycosylated and cleaved by furin. The ability of purified, secreted CHIKV-E2 to induce neutralizing antibodies in rabbits underscores the potential use of E2 in a subunit vaccine to prevent CHIKV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan W Metz
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Opportunities and challenges for the baculovirus expression system. J Invertebr Pathol 2011; 107 Suppl:S3-15. [PMID: 21784228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Marek M, van Oers MM, Devaraj FF, Vlak JM, Merten OW. Engineering of baculovirus vectors for the manufacture of virion-free biopharmaceuticals. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 108:1056-67. [PMID: 21449023 DOI: 10.1002/bit.23028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A novel baculovirus-based protein expression strategy was developed to produce recombinant proteins in insect cells without contaminating baculovirus virions. This novel strategy greatly simplifies the downstream processing of biopharmaceuticals produced in insect cells. The formation of these virions is prevented by deletion of a baculovirus gene essential for virion formation. The deletion is trans-complemented in a transgenic insect cell line in which the baculovirus seed stock is produced. The Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus vp80 gene was selected for this purpose, as absence of VP80 prevented the formation of budded virus as well as occlusion-derived virus, while foreign gene expression was not affected. Sf9 insect cells were engineered to functionally complement the vp80 deletion in the expression vector virus during seed stock production. The trans-complemented vp80-deletion baculovirus seed produced an amount of recombinant protein similar to that produced with conventional baculovirus vectors but without contaminating virions. This novel expression method obviates the need to purify the virions away from the biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Marek
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Tiwari P, Saini S, Upmanyu S, Benjamin B, Tandon R, Saini KS, Sahdev S. Enhanced expression of recombinant proteins utilizing a modified baculovirus expression vector. Mol Biotechnol 2010; 46:80-9. [PMID: 20424933 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-010-9284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) has been widely used for over-expressing eukaryotic proteins due to a close resemblance in post-translational modification, processing, and transportation properties of the expressed protein, to that of the mammalian cells. In comparison to the bacterial expression system, protein yield from BEVS is relatively low, resulting in higher cost of production. To improve the existing recombinant protein expression levels, baculovirus homologous region1 (hr1) was strategically integrated into the bacmid-based transfer vectors. Luciferase reporter, human Protein Kinase B-alpha (PKB-A), and N-terminal-modified CYP-1A2 genes were independently cloned in non-hr1 and hr1 constructs for generating respective bacmids and baculoviruses. These recombinant baculoviruses were utilized for comparing the expression levels at varying multiplicity of infections (MOI) and time intervals in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) or Trichoplusia ni (Tni) insect cell lines. Targeted insertion of hr1 upstream to CYP-1A2, PKB-A, and Luciferase genes, compared to the non-hr1 sets, led to 3-, 3.5-, and 4.5-fold increase in the resultant protein levels, respectively. Moreover, at equal protein concentration, the corresponding activity and inhibition characteristics of these high expression hr1 sets were comparable to that of the respective non-hr1 sets. Utilization of this modified baculovirus expression construct offers significant advantage of producing recombinant proteins in a cost-effective manner for various biotechnological and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Technology, New Drug Discovery Research, Ranbaxy Research Laboratories-R&D-3, 20-Sector 18 Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, India.
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Wiley MR, Roberts LO, Adelman ZN, Myles KM. Double subgenomic alphaviruses expressing multiple fluorescent proteins using a Rhopalosiphum padi virus internal ribosome entry site element. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13924. [PMID: 21085714 PMCID: PMC2978087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Double subgenomic Sindbis virus (dsSINV) vectors are widely used for the expression of proteins, peptides, and RNA sequences. These recombinant RNA viruses permit high level expression of a heterologous sequence in a wide range of animals, tissues, and cells. However, the alphavirus genome structure and replication strategy is not readily amenable to the expression of more than one heterologous sequence. The Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV) genome contains two internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements that mediate cap-independent translation of the virus nonstructural and structural proteins. Most IRES elements that have been characterized function only in mammalian cells but previous work has shown that the IRES element present in the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of the RhPV genome functions efficiently in mammalian, insect, and plant systems. To determine if the 5′ RhPV IRES element could be used to express more than one heterologous sequence from a dsSINV vector, RhPV 5′ IRES sequences were placed between genes for two different fluorescent marker proteins in the dsSINV, TE/3′2J/mcs. While mammalian and insect cells infected with recombinant viruses containing the RhPV sequences expressed both fluorescent marker proteins, only single marker proteins were routinely observed in cells infected with dsSINV vectors in which the RhPV IRES had been replaced by a luciferase fragment, an antisense RhPV IRES, or no intergenic sequence. Thus, we report development of a versatile tool for the expression of multiple sequences in diverse cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Wiley
- Fralin Life Science Institute, Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Lisa O. Roberts
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Zach N. Adelman
- Fralin Life Science Institute, Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Kevin M. Myles
- Fralin Life Science Institute, Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chen WS, Chang YC, Chen YJ, Chen YJ, Teng CY, Wang CH, Wu TY. Development of a prokaryotic-like polycistronic baculovirus expression vector by the linkage of two internal ribosome entry sites. J Virol Methods 2009; 159:152-9. [PMID: 19490969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2008] [Revised: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant baculoviruses are suitable for the high-level production of large multi-protein complexes. A tri-cistronic expression vector was constructed by the inclusion of two internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs). In this novel polycistronic vector, one single polyhedrin promoter controlled the transcription of a tri-cistronic transcript. Also, the first cistron was translated through a cap-dependent mechanism, while the second and third cistrons were translated by the IRESs derived from the 5' UTR of Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV) and Perina nuda virus (PnV), respectively. The ratio of tri-cistronic gene expression levels produced by the three translational initiation modules is about 2:1:1 (cap:PnV IRES:RhPV IRES). This study indicates that polycistronic genes can be co-expressed at the translational level as in prokaryotic expression system by baculovirus biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shuo Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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18
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An atypical IRES within the 5′ UTR of a dicistrovirus genome. Virus Res 2009; 139:157-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Revised: 07/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Arya R, Bhattacharya A, Saini KS. Dictyostelium discoideum—a promising expression system for the production of eukaryotic proteins. FASEB J 2008; 22:4055-66. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-110544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Arya
- Department of Biotechnology and BioinformaticsRanbaxy Laboratories LimitedGurgaonHaryanaIndia
| | | | - Kulvinder Singh Saini
- Department of Biotechnology and BioinformaticsRanbaxy Laboratories LimitedGurgaonHaryanaIndia
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi110067India
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Wu YJ, Teng CY, Chen YJ, Chen SC, Chen YJ, Lin YT, Wu TY. Internal ribosome entry site of Rhopalosiphum padi virus is functional in mammalian cells and has cryptic promoter activity in baculovirus-infected Sf21 cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2008; 29:965-74. [PMID: 18664329 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00820.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To substantiate the in vitro translational studies of a cross-kingdom, internal ribosome entry site (IRES), the 5 untranslated region of the Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV), can function in mammalian cells and act as a shuttle IRES between insect cells and mammalian cells. METHODS Cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter-based bicistronic mammalian cell expression vectors, either in plasmids or baculovirus vectors, were generated. Plasmid transient transfection and baculovirus transduction assays were performed to test whether the RhPV IRES can mediate translation activity in versatile mammalian cell lines. RESULTS Both plasmids and recombinant baculoviruses containing the CMV promoter and the RhPV IRES can mediate bicistronic gene expression in mammalian cells. However, in the CMV promoter containing recombinant baculovirus-infected insect Sf21 cells, only the second cistron gene expression was observed. Northern blot analysis and a promoterless assay demonstrated that the RhPV IRES exhibited cryptic promoter activity in baculovirus-infected insect cells. CONCLUSION RhPV IRES can mediate gene expression in both insect cells and mammalian cells, and this characteristic of the RhPV IRES will facilitate the development of a bicistronic baculovirus gene therapy vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-jane Wu
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli 320, Taiwan, China
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Groppelli E, Belsham GJ, Roberts LO. Identification of minimal sequences of the Rhopalosiphum padi virus 5' untranslated region required for internal initiation of protein synthesis in mammalian, plant and insect translation systems. J Gen Virol 2007; 88:1583-1588. [PMID: 17412990 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV) is a member of the family Dicistroviridae. The genomes of viruses in this family contain two open reading frames, each preceded by distinct internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements. The RhPV 5' IRES is functional in mammalian, insect and plant translation systems and can form 48S initiation complexes in vitro with just the mammalian initiation factors eIF2, eIF3 and eIF1. Large regions of the 5' untranslated region (UTR) can be deleted without affecting initiation-complex formation. The minimal sequences required for directing internal initiation in mammalian (rabbit reticulocyte lysate), plant (wheatgerm extract) and insect (Sf21 cells) translation systems have now been defined. A fragment (nt 426-579) from the 3' portion of the 5' UTR can direct translation in each of these translation systems. In addition, a distinct region (nt 300-429) is also active. Thus, unstructured regions within the 5' UTR seem to be critical for IRES function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Groppelli
- School of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Graham J Belsham
- BBSRC Institute for Animal Health, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Lisa O Roberts
- School of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
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Wu TY, Wu CY, Chen YJ, Chen CY, Wang CH. The 5' untranslated region of Perina nuda virus (PnV) possesses a strong internal translation activity in baculovirus-infected insect cells. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:3120-6. [PMID: 17568583 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 05/23/2007] [Accepted: 05/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A bicistronic baculovirus expression vector and fluorescent protein-based assays were used to identify the sequences that possess internal translation activity in baculovirus-infected insect cells. We demonstrated that the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR; 473 nucleotides) of Perina nuda virus (PnV) and the 5'UTR (579 nucleotides) of Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV), but not the IRES sequence of Cricket paralysis virus, have internal translation activity in baculovirus-infected Sf21 cells. In addition, we found that including the first 22 codons of the predicted PnV open reading frame (ORF; a total of 539 nucleotides) enhanced internal translation activity by approximately 18 times. This is the first report of internal translation activity for a baculovirus expression system (BEVS) in the iflavirus 5' sequence and may facilitate the development of polycistronic baculovirus transfer vectors that can be used in BEVS for the production of multiple protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzong-Yuan Wu
- Department of Bioscience Technology and Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
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Ongus JR, Roode EC, Pleij CWA, Vlak JM, van Oers MM. The 5' non-translated region of Varroa destructor virus 1 (genus Iflavirus): structure prediction and IRES activity in Lymantria dispar cells. J Gen Virol 2006; 87:3397-3407. [PMID: 17030876 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Structure prediction of the 5' non-translated region (NTR) of four iflavirus RNAs revealed two types of potential internal ribosome entry site (IRES), which are discriminated by size and level of complexity, in this group of viruses. In contrast to the intergenic IRES of dicistroviruses, the potential 5' IRES structures of iflaviruses do not have pseudoknots. To test the activity of one of these, a bicistronic construct was made in which the 5' NTR of Varroa destructor virus 1 (VDV-1) containing a putative IRES was cloned in between two reporter genes, enhanced green fluorescent protein and firefly luciferase (Fluc). The presence of the 5' NTR of VDV-1 greatly enhanced the expression levels of the second reporter gene (Fluc) in Lymantria dispar Ld652Y cells. The 5' NTR was active in a host-specific manner, as it showed lower activity in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf21 cells and no activity in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette R Ongus
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 11, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Els C Roode
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 11, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis W A Pleij
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Just M Vlak
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 11, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M van Oers
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 11, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
The baculovirus-insect cell expression system is an approved system for the production of viral antigens with vaccine potential for humans and animals and has been used for production of subunit vaccines against parasitic diseases as well. Many candidate subunit vaccines have been expressed in this system and immunization commonly led to protective immunity against pathogen challenge. The first vaccines produced in insect cells for animal use are now on the market. This chapter deals with the tailoring of the baculovirus-insect cell expression system for vaccine production in terms of expression levels, integrity and immunogenicity of recombinant proteins, and baculovirus genome stability. Various expression strategies are discussed including chimeric, virus-like particles, baculovirus display of foreign antigens on budded virions or in occlusion bodies, and specialized baculovirus vectors with mammalian promoters that express the antigen in the immunized individual. A historical overview shows the wide variety of viral (glyco)proteins that have successfully been expressed in this system for vaccine purposes. The potential of this expression system for antiparasite vaccines is illustrated. The combination of subunit vaccines and marker tests, both based on antigens expressed in insect cells, provides a powerful tool to combat disease and to monitor infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique M van Oers
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 11 6709 PD, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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