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Melo Ferreira D, Oliveira MBPP, Alves RC. A Comprehensive Review of the Antitumor Activity of Olive Compounds: The Case of Olive Oil, Pomace, and Leaf Extracts, Phenolic Alcohols, Secoiridoids, and Triterpenes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2025; 14:237. [PMID: 40002421 PMCID: PMC11852221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox14020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2025] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Olive oil is widely recognized for its cancer-prevention properties, and its by-products, such as pomace and leaves, offer an opportunity for compound extraction. This study comprehensively reviews the antitumor activities of olive extracts and compounds in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Key compounds, including hydroxytyrosol (HT), oleuropein (OL), oleocanthal (OC), and maslinic acid (MA), demonstrated significant antiproliferative, apoptotic, antimigratory, and anti-invasive effects, along with selective cytotoxicity, particularly against breast and colorectal cancer. HT, OC, and MA showed anti-angiogenic effects, while HT and OC showed antimetastatic effects. Moreover, HT, OL, and OC also presented synergistic effects when combined with anticancer drugs, improving their efficacy. Additionally, HT, OL, and MA exhibited protective effects against several side effects of chemotherapy. These compounds are able to modulate important signaling pathways such as the mammalian target of rapamycin, regulate oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species production, modulate angiogenic factors, and induce autophagy. Interestingly, the synergistic effects of the compounds within olive extracts appear to be stronger than their individual action. There is a need for dose optimization, further mechanistic studies to clarify the precise mechanisms of action, and future studies using olive pomace extracts with animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rita Carneiro Alves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV (Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Street of Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal (M.B.P.P.O.)
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2
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Yan R, Liu L, Huang X, Quan ZS, Shen QK, Guo HY. Bioactivities and Structure-Activity Relationships of Maslinic Acid Derivatives: A Review. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301327. [PMID: 38108648 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Maslinic acid has a variety of biological activities, such as anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-parasitic. In order to enhance the biological activity of maslinic acid, scholars have carried out a lot of structural modifications, and found some more valuable maslinic acid derivatives. In this paper, the structural modification, biological activity, and structure-activity relationship of maslinic acid were reviewed, providing references for the development of maslinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Luguang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
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3
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Ramos-Barbero M, Rufino-Palomares EE, Serrano-Carmona S, Hernández-Yera M, García-Salguero L, Lupiáñez JA, Pérez-Jiménez A. Effect of Nutraceutical Factors on Hepatic Intermediary Metabolism in Wistar Rats with Induced Tendinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:629. [PMID: 38203800 PMCID: PMC10779845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy (TP) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by local inflammation, pain in the affected area, and loss of performance, preceded by tendon injury. The disease develops in three phases: Inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, and remodeling phase. There are currently no proven treatments for early reversal of this type of injury. However, the metabolic pathways of the transition metabolism, which are necessary for the proper functioning of the organism, are known. These metabolic pathways can be modified by a number of external factors, such as nutritional supplements. In this study, the modulatory effect of four dietary supplements, maslinic acid (MA), hydroxytyrosol (HT), glycine, and aspartate (AA), on hepatic intermediary metabolism was observed in Wistar rats with induced tendinopathy at different stages of the disease. Induced tendinopathy in rats produces alterations in the liver intermediary metabolism. Nutraceutical treatments modify the intermediary metabolism in the different phases of tendinopathy, so AA treatment produced a decrease in carbohydrate metabolism. In lipid metabolism, MA and AA caused a decrease in lipogenesis at the tendinopathy and increased fatty acid oxidation. In protein metabolism, MA treatment increased GDH and AST activity; HT decreased ALT activity; and the AA treatment does not cause any alteration. Use of nutritional supplements of diet could help to regulate the intermediary metabolism in the TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ramos-Barbero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (L.G.-S.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Eva E. Rufino-Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (L.G.-S.); (J.A.L.)
| | | | - Manuel Hernández-Yera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (L.G.-S.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Leticia García-Salguero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (L.G.-S.); (J.A.L.)
| | - José Antonio Lupiáñez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-B.); (L.G.-S.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Amalia Pérez-Jiménez
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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4
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Luque C, de la Cabeza Fernández M, Fuentes-Rios D, Cepero A, Contreras-Cáceres R, Doña M, Perazzoli G, Lozano-Chamizo L, Filice M, Marciello M, Gonzalez-Rumayor V, López-Romero JM, Cabeza L, Melguizo C, Prados J. Improved antitumor activity through a tyramidyl maslinic acid derivative. Design and validation as drug-loaded electrospun polymeric nanofibers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 193:241-253. [PMID: 37972906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Among the most harmful tumors detected in the human body, such as breast, colon, brain or pancreas, breast (BC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are the first and third most frequent cancer worldwide, respectively. The current existing chemotherapeutic treatments present serious side effects due to their intravenous administration can induce cytotoxicity in healthy cells. Thus, new treatment methods based on drug-loaded polymeric nanofibers (NFs) have gained significant potential for their use in localized cancer chemotherapy. Here, a deep in vitro comparative analysis between maslinic acid (MA) and a tyramine-maslinic acid (TMA) derivative is initially performed. This analysis includes a proliferation, and a cell cycle assay, and a genotoxicity, antiangiogenic and apoptosis study. Then, the TMA derivative has been incorporated into electrospun polymeric NFs obtaining an implantable dressing material with antitumor activity. Two types of patches containing TMA-loaded polymeric NFs of poly(caprolactone) (PCL), and a mixture of polylactic acid/poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PLA/PVP) were fabricated by the electrospinning technique. The characterization of the drug-loaded NFs showed an encapsulation capacity of 0.027 mg TMA/mg PCL and 0.024 mg TMA/mg PLA/PVP. Then, the cytotoxic activity of both polymeric systems was tested in CRC (T84), BC (MCF-7) and a no tumor (L929) cell lines exposed to TMA-loaded NFs and blank NFs for 48 h. Moreover, cell cycle assay, genotoxicity, angiogenesis and apoptosis tests were carried out to study the mechanism of action of TMA. Blank NFs showed no-toxicity in all cell lines tested and both drug-loaded NFs significantly reduced cell proliferation (relative proliferation of ≈44 % and ≈25 % respectively). Therefore, TMA was less genotoxic than maslinic acid (MA), and reduced VEGFA expression in MCF-7 cells (1.32 and 2.12-fold for MA and TMA respectively). These results showed that TMA-loaded NFs could constitute a promising biocompatible and biodegradable nanoplatform for the local treatment of solid tumors such as CRC or BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Luque
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
| | - María de la Cabeza Fernández
- Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Fuentes-Rios
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Cepero
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Doña
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Laura Lozano-Chamizo
- Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; Atrys Health, E-28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Filice
- Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marzia Marciello
- Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Laura Cabeza
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain.
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
| | - José Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
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Ooi KX, Poo CL, Subramaniam M, Cordell GA, Lim YM. Maslinic acid exerts anticancer effects by targeting cancer hallmarks. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154631. [PMID: 36621168 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products have long been regarded as a source of anticancer compounds with low toxicity. Evidence revealed that maslinic acid (MA), a widely distributed pentacyclic triterpene in common foodstuffs, exhibited pronounced inhibitory effects against various cancer cell lines. Most cancer cells thrive by acquiring cancer hallmarks, as coined by Hanahan and Weinberg in 2000 and 2011. PURPOSE This represents the first systematic review concerning the anticancer properties of MA as these cancer hallmarks are targeted. It aims to summarize the antineoplastic activities of MA, discuss the diverse mechanisms of action based on the effects of MA exerted on each hallmark. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the search terms "maslinic," "cancer," "tumor," and "neoplasm," to retrieve articles from the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus published up to September 2022. Study selection was conducted by three reviewers independently from title and abstract screening until full-text evaluation. Data extraction was done by one reviewer and counterchecked by the second reviewer. RESULTS Of the 330 articles assessed, 40 papers met the inclusion criteria and revealed that MA inhibited 16 different cancer cell types. MA impacted every cancer hallmark by targeting multiple pathways. CONCLUSION This review provides insights regarding the inhibitory effects of MA against various cancers and its remarkable biological properties as a pleiotropic bioactive compound, which encourage further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xin Ooi
- Centre for Cancer Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chin Long Poo
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Setia Alam, 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Menaga Subramaniam
- Centre for Cancer Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Geoffrey A Cordell
- Natural Products Inc., Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yang Mooi Lim
- Centre for Cancer Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, 43000, Selangor, Malaysia.
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6
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He Y, Wang Y, Yang K, Jiao J, Zhan H, Yang Y, Lv D, Li W, Ding W. Maslinic Acid: A New Compound for the Treatment of Multiple Organ Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:8732. [PMID: 36557864 PMCID: PMC9786823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA) is a pentacyclic triterpene acid, which exists in many plants, including olive, and is highly safe for human beings. In recent years, it has been reported that MA has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, neuroprotective and other biological activities. More and more experimental data has shown that MA has a good therapeutic effect on multiple organ diseases, indicating that it has great clinical application potential. In this paper, the extraction, purification, identification and analysis, biological activity, pharmacokinetics in vivo and molecular mechanism of MA in treating various organ diseases are reviewed. It is hoped to provide a new idea for MA to treat various organ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jia Jiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hong Zhan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Youjun Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - De Lv
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Weijun Ding
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
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Banerjee J, Hasan SN, Samanta S, Giri B, Bag BG, Dash SK. Self-Assembled Maslinic Acid Attenuates Doxorobucin Induced Cytotoxicity via Nrf2 Signaling Pathway: An In Vitro and In Silico Study in Human Healthy Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:563-578. [PMID: 35849306 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01083-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The clinical applications of some well-known chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment have been restricted nowadays owing to their adverse effects on many physiological systems. In this experimental study, maslinic acid (MA) isolated from Olea europaea (Olive) fruit extract was used to mitigate the cytotoxicity induced by Doxorubicin (DOX) in human healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs). Self-assembled maslinic acid (SA-MA) was obtained in ethanol-water mixture (35.5 mM: 4:1 v/v). The morphology of SA-MA was analyzed by various physicochemical characterization techniques, which revealed its micro-metric vesicular architecture as well as nano-vesicular appearances. In this study, treatment of hPBMCs with DOX has been found to generate severe intracellular oxidative stress, which was significantly mitigated after pre-treatment with SA-MA. Alteration of hPBMC morphologies after DOX treatment was also restored notably by pre-treatment with SA-MA. Furthermore, pentoxifylline (TNF-α inhibitor) and indomethacin (COX-2 inhibitor) were used to investigate the responsible pathway by which SA-MA protected hPBMCs from DOX-induced cellular stress. Restoration of hPBMC viability above 92% in both cases confirmed that SA-MA protected the cells by inhibiting inflammatory pathways generated by DOX treatment. Subsequently, in molecular docking study, it was also evaluated that MA could successfully bind with the pocket region of Keap1, while Nrf2 was capable of upregulating cytoprotecting genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhimli Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, 732103, India
| | - Sk Nurul Hasan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Sovan Samanta
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, 732103, India
| | - Biplab Giri
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, 732103, India
| | - Braja Gopal Bag
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India.
| | - Sandeep Kumar Dash
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, 732103, India.
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Involvement of the PI3K/AKT Intracellular Signaling Pathway in the AntiCancer Activity of Hydroxytyrosol, a Polyphenol from Olea europaea, in Hematological Cells and Implication of HSP60 Levels in Its Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137053. [PMID: 35806065 PMCID: PMC9266908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HT), the main representative of polyphenols of olive oil, has been described as one of the most powerful natural antioxidants, also showing anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective and anticancer activity in different type of cancers, but has been little studied in hematological neoplasms. The objective of this work was to evaluate the anticancer potential of HT in acute human leukemia T cells (Jurkat and HL60) and the anti-inflammatory potential in murine macrophages (Raw264.7). For this, cytotoxicity tests were performed for HT, showing IC50 values, at 24 h, for Jurkat, HL60 and Raw264.7 cells, of 27.3 µg·mL−1, 109.8 µg·mL−1 and 45.7 µg·mL−1, respectively. At the same time, HT caused cell arrest in G0/G1 phase in both Jurkat and HL60 cells by increasing G0/G1 phase and significantly decreasing S phase. Apoptosis and cell cycle assays revealed an antiproliferative effect of HT, decreasing the percentage of dividing cells and increasing apoptosis. Furthermore, HT inhibited the PI3K signaling pathway and, consequently, the MAPK pathway was activated. Inflammation tests revealed that HT acts as an anti-inflammatory agent, reducing NO levels in Raw264.7 cells previously stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These processes were confirmed by the changes in the expression of the main markers of inflammation and cancer. In conclusion, HT has an anticancer and anti-inflammatory effect in the cell lines studied, which were Raw264.7, Jurkat, and HL60, and could be used as a natural drug in the treatment of liquid cancers, leukemias, myelomas and lymphomas.
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Rufino-Palomares EE, Pérez-Jiménez A, García-Salguero L, Mokhtari K, Reyes-Zurita FJ, Peragón-Sánchez J, Lupiáñez JA. Nutraceutical Role of Polyphenols and Triterpenes Present in the Extracts of Fruits and Leaves of Olea europaea as Antioxidants, Anti-Infectives and Anticancer Agents on Healthy Growth. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072341. [PMID: 35408740 PMCID: PMC9000726 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is currently a worldwide consensus and recognition of the undoubted health benefits of the so-called Mediterranean diet, with its intake being associated with a lower risk of mortality. The most important characteristics of this type of diet are based on the consumption of significant amounts of fruit, vegetables, legumes, and nuts, which provide, in addition to some active ingredients, fiber and a proportion of vegetable protein, together with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) as the main sources of vegetable fat. Fish and meat from poultry and other small farm animals are the main sources of protein. One of the main components, as already mentioned, is EVOO, which is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids and to a lesser extent in polyunsaturated fatty acids. The intake of this type of nutrient also provides an important set of phytochemicals whose health potential is widely spread and agreed upon. These phytochemicals include significant amounts of anthocyanins, stilbenes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenes of varying complexities. Therefore, the inclusion in the diet of this type of molecules, with a proven healthy effect, provides an unquestionable preventive and/or curative activity on an important group of pathologies related to cardiovascular, infectious, and cancerous diseases, as well as those related to the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this review is therefore to shed light on the nutraceutical role of two of the main phytochemicals present in Olea europaea fruit and leaf extracts, polyphenols, and triterpenes, on healthy animal growth. Their immunomodulatory, anti-infective, antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-carcinogenic capabilities show them to be potential nutraceuticals, providing healthy growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva E. Rufino-Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.E.R.-P.); (L.G.-S.); (F.J.R.-Z.)
| | - Amalia Pérez-Jiménez
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Leticia García-Salguero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.E.R.-P.); (L.G.-S.); (F.J.R.-Z.)
| | - Khalida Mokhtari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed I University, Oujda BP 717 60000, Morocco;
| | - Fernando J. Reyes-Zurita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.E.R.-P.); (L.G.-S.); (F.J.R.-Z.)
| | - Juan Peragón-Sánchez
- Department of Experimental Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain;
| | - José A. Lupiáñez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.E.R.-P.); (L.G.-S.); (F.J.R.-Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-243-089; Fax: +34-958-249-945
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10
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Xia X, Chen C, Yang L, Wang Y, Duan A, Wang D. Analysis of metabolites in young and mature Docynia delavayi (Franch.) Schneid leaves using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12844. [PMID: 35186461 PMCID: PMC8820213 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Docynia delavayi (Franch.) Schneid is a plant used both as food and traditional folk medicine. The leaves of D. delavayi are rich in polyphenols, plants with phenolic content are known to be extremely beneficial in terms of human nutrition. In the present study, we used metabolome technology (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) to examine the young and mature D. delavayi leaves on metabolites changes, which were then analyzed and compared. As a result, 477 metabolites (including 111 flavonoids, 47 others (consisted of nine vitamin, 18 saccharides and alcohols, and 20 unassigned metabolites), 71 phenolic acids, 52 amino acids and derivatives, 18 alkaloids, 61 lipids, 24 terpenoids, 33 nucleotides and derivatives, 18 lignans and coumarins, 12 tannins, 30 organic acids) were identified, of which 281 differentially accumulated metabolites, including 146 up-regulated metabolites and 135 down-regulated metabolites. The result of clustering and PCA analyses showed that young and mature leaves were separated, which indicated that there was a great difference in metabolites between young and mature leaves. Meanwhile, we also found that both young and mature leaves displayed unique metabolites with important biological functions. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that 90 of the differential metabolites were mainly concentrated in 68 KEGG pathways. The result will greatly complement the existing knowledge on the D. delavayi leaves for lays a foundation for subsequent development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xia
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Can Chen
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuchang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Anan Duan
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement & Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement & Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
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11
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Isolation of Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Acids from Olive Tree Leaves with Flash Chromatography. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12030996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports on the use of the flash chromatography for the isolation and purification of oleanolic and maslinic acids from olive leaf extracts. Although the separation and identification of these acids is considered challenging due to the similarity in their structure, oleanolic and maslinic acids were detected, identified, and separated. Solubility prediction was used to help to match compatibility of extraction solvent with targeted triterpenoid acids. Aqueous washing was used, to first selectively remove unwanted interferents from the extraction solvent. The extracts obtained with different solvents and solvent mixtures were fractionated using flash chromatography and then analyzed. HPTLC chromatography was used to assess collected fractions as either semi-pure or pure, and to identify the fractions containing oleanolic and maslinic acids. The yields of oleanolic and maslinic acids reported here are significantly higher than yields obtained in previously reported isolations. The presence and purity of oleanolic and maslinic acid in collected fractions was confirmed by ATR-FTIR and NMR spectrometry.
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Gao H, Wu H. Maslinic acid activates renal AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway and protects against diabetic nephropathy in mice. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:25. [PMID: 35042497 PMCID: PMC8767743 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-00935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy has been a devastating complication. Clinically, there is an urgent need for nephroprotective agents to delay the onset of diabetic nephropathy and ameliorate its symptoms. Maslinic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene acid with protective effect on multiple organs against oxidative stress and inflammation. In this research, we hypothesized that maslinic acid protects renal function against diabetic nephropathy. METHODS C57BL/6 J male mice administrated with 50 mg/kg of Streptozocin (STZ) daily were used to establish diabetic mouse model (blood glucose levels > 300 mg/dL). Urinary levels of albumin, total proteins, and creatinine were analyzed by an automatic analyzer. H&E staining was used to evaluate renal damage. qRT-PCR and ELISA were performed to investigate the inflammation and oxidative stress in renal tissues. Western blot was used to assess the activation of AMPK signaling. RESULTS Maslinic acid treatment alleviated the loss of body weight and blood glucose in diabetic mice. Renal structure and function were protected by maslinic acid in diabetic mice. 20 mg/kg maslinic acid treatment for 8 weeks significantly alleviated the oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney of diabetic rats. Maslinic acid treatment activated the renal AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Maslinic acid ameliorates diabetic nephropathy and activates the renal AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Gao
- Department of endocrinology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, No. 9 Zhongkang Street, Daqing, 163001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of endocrinology, Daqing Longnan Hospital, Aiguo Road No. 35, Daqing, 163453, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Chen J, Wang L. Maslinic Acid Inhibits Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia by Suppressing Interleukin- 6 and Enhancing Apoptosis in a Mouse Model. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:579-585. [PMID: 34477530 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210903143922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) directly precedes cervical cancer, and elevated proinflammatory cytokine Interleukins (IL)-6 is implicated in CIN. OBJECTIVE As maslinic acid exhibits anti-IL-6 property, the present study sought to determine the effect of maslinic acid on CIN in vitro and in vivo using cell cultures and mouse CIN models, respectively. METHODS The dose-effect of maslinic acid on HeLa cells, a human cervical cancer cell line, was first evaluated, including cytotoxicity, IL-6 secretion, IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) expression, proliferation potential and apoptosis status. A mouse model of CIN was also established, which was then subjected to increasing doses of maslinic acid treatment, followed by assessment of serum IL-6 level, cervical expression of IL-6R, and the proliferation potential and apoptosis of cervical tissues. RESULTS Maslinic acid dose-dependently inhibited cell growth and proliferation potential, reduced IL-6 secretion, cervical expression of IL-6R and induced apoptosis of HeLa cells in vitro. In the CIN mouse model, serum IL-6 level and cervical expression of IL-6R were elevated, which could be repressed by maslinic acid administration dosedependently. Additionally, maslinic acid treatment in the CIN mice could also restore the otherwise increased proliferation potential and reduced apoptosis in the cervical tissues. CONCLUSION Maslinic acid exhibits potent anti-IL-6 property in the CIN mouse model, and alleviates the diseaserelated abnormality in proliferation potential and apoptosis state of the cervical tissue cells, demonstrating its usefulness as a promising agent in treating CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuwei Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No.66 North Tianjin Road, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No.66 North Tianjin Road, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China
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Lupiáñez JA, Rufino-Palomares EE. Phytochemicals: "A Small Defensive Advantage for Plants and Fungi; a Great Remedy for the Health of Mankind". Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206159. [PMID: 34684740 PMCID: PMC8538969 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- José A. Lupiáñez
- Correspondence: (J.A.L.); (E.E.R.-P.); Tel.: +34-958-243089 (J.A.L.); +34-958-243252 (E.E.R.-P.); Fax: +34-958-249945 (J.A.L. & E.E.R.-P.)
| | - Eva E. Rufino-Palomares
- Correspondence: (J.A.L.); (E.E.R.-P.); Tel.: +34-958-243089 (J.A.L.); +34-958-243252 (E.E.R.-P.); Fax: +34-958-249945 (J.A.L. & E.E.R.-P.)
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Qian XP, Zhang XH, Sun LN, Xing WF, Wang Y, Sun SY, Ma MY, Cheng ZP, Wu ZD, Xing C, Chen BN, Wang YQ. Corosolic acid and its structural analogs: A systematic review of their biological activities and underlying mechanism of action. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153696. [PMID: 34456116 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The corosolic acid (CA), also known as plant insulin, is a pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from plants such as Lagerstroemia speciosa. It has been shown to have anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. Its structural analogs ursolic acid (UA), oleanolic acid (OA), maslinic acid (MA), asiatic acid (AA) and betulinic acid (BA) display similar individual pharmacological activities to those of CA. However, there is no systematic review documenting pharmacological activities of CA and its structural analogues. This study aims to fill this gap in literature. PURPOSE This systematic review aims to summarize the medical applications of CA and its analogues. METHODS A systematic review summarizes and compares the extraction techniques, pharmacokinetic parameters, and pharmacological effects of CA and its structural analogs. Hypoglycemic effect is one of the key inclusion criteria for searching Web of Science, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases up to October 2020 without language restrictions. 'corosolic acid', 'ursolic acid', 'oleanolic acid', 'maslinic acid', 'asiatic acid', 'betulinic acid', 'extraction', 'pharmacokinetic', 'pharmacological' were used to extract relevant literature. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. RESULTS At the end of the searching process, 140 articles were selected for the systematic review. Information of CA and five of its structural analogs including UA, OA, MA, AA and BA were included in this review. CA and its structural analogs are pentacyclic triterpenes extracted from plants and they have low solubilities in water due to their rigid scaffold and hydrophobic properties. The introduction of water-soluble groups such as sugar or amino groups could increase the solubility of CA and its structural analogs. Their biological activities and underlying mechanism of action are reviewed and compared. CONCLUSION CA and its structural analogs UA, OA, MA, AA and BA are demonstrated to show activities in lowering blood sugar, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor. Their oral absorption and bioavailability can be improved through structural modification and formulation design. CA and its structural analogs are promising natural product-based lead compounds for further development and mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ping Qian
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China; Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xue-Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Shengze Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lu-Ning Sun
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Fan Xing
- Nanjing Chenxiang Pharmaceutical Research Co. Ltd
| | - Yu Wang
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Yu Sun
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Ma
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China; Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zi-Ping Cheng
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zu-Dong Wu
- Nanjing Chenxiang Pharmaceutical Research Co. Ltd
| | - Chen Xing
- Nanjing Chenxiang Pharmaceutical Research Co. Ltd
| | - Bei-Ning Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brookhill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom.
| | - Yong-Qing Wang
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Shengze Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
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Yu L, Xie X, Cao X, Chen J, Chen G, Chen Y, Li G, Qin J, Peng F, Peng C. The Anticancer Potential of Maslinic Acid and Its Derivatives: A Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:3863-3879. [PMID: 34526766 PMCID: PMC8437384 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s326328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still an insurmountable problem for humans and critically attacking human health. In recent years, natural products have gained increasing attention in the field of anti-tumor due to their extensive sources and minimal side effects. Maslinic acid (MA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid mainly derived from the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) has been confirmed to possess great anti-cancer effects. This paper reviewed the inhibitory effect of MA and its derivatives on lung cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, lymphatic, leukemia, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, gallbladder cancer, and bladder cancer, among others. MA inhibited the proliferation of various tumor cells and showed lower IC50 values in melanoma 518A2 cells and gastric cancer MKN28 cells compared with other cell lines. A series of semi-synthetic derivatives obtained by modifying MA chemical structure have been shown to have high cytotoxicity to human tumor cell lines, but low cytotoxicity to non-malignant cells, which is conducive to developing its potential as a chemotherapeutic agent. These studies suggest that MA derivatives have broad prospects in the development of antitumor therapeutics in the future and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Are Ancestral Medical Practices the Future Solution to Today's Medical Problems? Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154701. [PMID: 34361852 PMCID: PMC8348408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Alesci A, Miller A, Tardugno R, Pergolizzi S. Chemical analysis, biological and therapeutic activities of Olea europaea L. extracts. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2932-2945. [PMID: 34160309 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1922404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Olea europaea L. is a very well-known and widely used plant, especially for its nutritional qualities. Its extracts from leaves and fruits are widely used in contrasting and preventing various pathologies. In this review, the collected data highlight important chemical analyses and biological effects of this plant extracts. It exhibits cholesterol-lowering, hypoglycemic, cytotoxic, antibacterial, neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypotensive activities. The results show that extracts from O. europaea could be used as a food additive in the supplementary treatment of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Alesci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Tardugno
- Science4life s.r.l., Spin-off of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Simona Pergolizzi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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A Diamine-PEGylated Oleanolic Acid Derivative Induced Efficient Apoptosis through a Death Receptor and Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway in HepG2 Human Hepatoma Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101375. [PMID: 32998255 PMCID: PMC7601263 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. Our recent studies have shown that the diamine-(PEG)ylated oleanolic acid (OADP) has strong anti-tumor effects in HCCs. In this study, we evaluated the anti-tumor mechanisms of OADP in the HepG2 HCC cell line. The cytotoxicity results showed that HepG2 cell viability was markedly reduced, with a very low 50% of cell growth inhibitory concentration (IC50, 0.14 µg/mL). We then investigated the anti-tumor mechanisms of OADP in HepG2 cells. The flow-cytometry analysis was used to evaluate cell apoptosis, indicating that 74–95% of cells were apoptotic. OADP caused cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Western blot analysis was performed to assess the expression levels of key proteins associated with the underlying molecular mechanism. The results showed the clear upregulation of caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3, Bak, p21, and p53, accompanied by the downregulation of Bcl-2. Similar results were obtained by the cotreatment with OADP and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125. Agents such as OADP, which are capable of activating extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, may represent potential HCC cancer therapies.
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Unveiling the Differential Antioxidant Activity of Maslinic Acid in Murine Melanoma Cells and in Rat Embryonic Healthy Cells Following Treatment with Hydrogen Peroxide. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25174020. [PMID: 32899159 PMCID: PMC7504795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural triterpene from Olea europaea L. with multiple biological properties. The aim of the present study was to examine MA’s effect on cell viability (by the MTT assay), reactive oxygen species (ROS levels, by flow cytometry) and key antioxidant enzyme activities (by spectrophotometry) in murine skin melanoma (B16F10) cells compared to those on healthy cells (A10). MA induced cytotoxic effects in cancer cells (IC50 42 µM), whereas no effect was found in A10 cells treated with MA (up to 210 µM). In order to produce a stress situation in cells, 0.15 mM H2O2 was added. Under stressful conditions, MA protected both cell lines against oxidative damage, decreasing intracellular ROS, which were higher in B16F10 than in A10 cells. The treatment with H2O2 and without MA produced different responses in antioxidant enzyme activities depending on the cell line. In A10 cells, all the enzymes were up-regulated, but in B16F10 cells, only superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase increased their activities. MA restored the enzyme activities to levels similar to those in the control group in both cell lines, highlighting that in A10 cells, the highest MA doses induced values lower than control. Overall, these findings demonstrate the great antioxidant capacity of MA.
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Baluchi I, Anani H, Hassanshahi G, Fatemi A, Khalilabadi RM. The effect of maslinic acid on apoptotic genes in u266 multiple myeloma cell line. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Jiménez-Herrera R, Pacheco-López B, Peragón J. Water Stress, Irrigation and Concentrations of Pentacyclic Triterpenes and Phenols in Olea europaea L. cv. Picual Olive Trees. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080294. [PMID: 31398872 PMCID: PMC6719219 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes and phenols are two types of bioactive molecules found in olive trees that have important activities related to health and disease prevention. Triterpenes, including oleanolic acid, maslinic acid, erythrodiol and uvaol, show antitumoral activities, and phenols such as oleuropein, tyrosol, and hydroxytyrosol are natural antioxidants. The concentration of these metabolites is considered a marker of the quality of olives and olive oil. In recent years, a lack of rain water has caused important economic losses relating to olive trees grown in Jaén, Spain. In this work, we investigated the effect of water stress by drought on the concentration of pentacyclic triterpenes and phenols in the fruits, leaves, stems and roots of cv. Picual olive trees, by comparing the concentration found in water-stressed versus irrigated plants. We used HPLC-UV/Vis and HPLC-MS to identify and determine the concentration of each individual compound. Our results showed that important changes in the concentration of these compounds are produced in response to water stress in different organs. The total content of most of these compounds in the fruits was significantly reduced, affecting their quality and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Jiménez-Herrera
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Biology, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pacheco-López
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Biology, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan Peragón
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Biology, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
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Nile SH, Nile A, Liu J, Kim DH, Kai G. Exploitation of apple pomace towards extraction of triterpenic acids, antioxidant potential, cytotoxic effects, and inhibition of clinically important enzymes. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110563. [PMID: 31199992 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apple pomace (AP) utilised for analysis of triterpenic acids (TTAs) using HPLC-MS/MS. The methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed high phenolic content with significant antioxidant activity compared to chloroform and n-hexane. AP TTAs; ursolic acid, betulinic acid and maslinic acid showed potent antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects. The IC50 values were 13.2-30.8 μg/mL (tyrosinase), 19.6-42.5 μg/mL (xanthine oxidase) and 16.6-38.6 μg/mL (urease) for AP extracts and 8.4-25.8 μg/mL (tyrosinase), 12.6-30.2 μg/mL (xanthine oxidase) and 10.1-28.6 μg/mL (urease) for TTAs, compared to the positive controls; kojic acid (10.4 ± 0.06 μg/mL), allopurinol (9.6 ± 0.04 μg/mL) and thiourea (8.9 ± 0.02 μg/mL) towards respective enzymes. UA showed a competitive type of inhibition for tyrosinase, while BA showed a noncompetitive type of inhibition towards xanthine oxidase. In addition, the AP extracts and TTAs exerted significant cytotoxic effects towards the proliferation of cancer cell lines. AP methanol extract (IC50 of 38.5 ± 4.1, 47.1 ± 3.5, 70.6 ± 2.3, and 50.5 ± 3.9 μg/mL) and ursolic acid (IC50 of 6.5 ± 0.7, 15.5 ± 1.4, 20.8 ± 1.3, and 5.6 ± 0.8 μg/mL) showed prominent anticancer activity on Hela, Skov-3, Caski, and NCL cancer cell lines, respectively. Thus, this study shows that the AP & TTAs could be utilized for functional food development and as a potent antioxidant, anticancer, skin whitening, and anti-urolithic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China.
| | - Arti Nile
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Junqiu Liu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Doo Hwan Kim
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China.
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Wei Q, Zhang B, Li P, Wen X, Yang J. Maslinic Acid Inhibits Colon Tumorigenesis by the AMPK-mTOR Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4259-4272. [PMID: 30913881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA), a natural triterpenoid abundant in olives, has a variety of bioactivities. However, its effects and mechanisms on colorectal cancer (CRC) still need to be explored. This research evaluated the effects of MA on CRC progression from the aspect of the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. MA inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCT116 and SW480 cells while inducing apoptosis in these cells. Furthermore, it could activate AMPK and negatively regulate the mTOR pathway. Knockdown of AMPK abolished its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and migration and blocked the MA-induced apoptosis, revealing that AMPK was associated with the anticancer activity of MA. In addition, MA significantly suppressed the tumorigenesis and regulated the AMPK-mTOR pathway in azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium mice and xenograft tumor mice. This study demonstrated that the regulation of AMPK-mTOR signaling could potentially contribute to the beneficial effects of MA, including the prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Biying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
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Lai KC, Peng SF, Liu CC, Huang JY, Kuo JY, Cheng ZY, Wu RSC, Lin CC, Chen JK, Chung JG. Maslinic Acid Enhances Immune Responses in Leukemic Mice Through Macrophage Phagocytosis and Natural Killer Cell Activities In Vivo. In Vivo 2019; 33:65-73. [PMID: 30587604 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Maslinic acid (MA), a pentacyclic triterpene extracted from wax-like coatings of olives, has been shown to reduce cancer cell number through induction of autophagy and apoptosis in many human cancer cells including human leukemia HL-60 cells. In the present study, we investigated whether or not MA affects immune responses in a leukemia mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS WEHI-3 cells were intraperitonealIy (i.p.) injected into normal BALB/c mice to develop leukemia. Mice were then treated by i.p. injection with MA at different doses (0, 8, 16 and 32 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. After treatment, all animals were weighed and blood, liver and spleen tissues were weighed. Blood or spleen both were used for determination of cell markers or phagocytosis, natural killer (NK) cell activities and T- and B-cell proliferation, respectively, by using a flow cytometric assay. RESULTS MA did not significantly affect body, liver, and spleen weights. However, MA increased markers of T-cells (at 16 mg/kg treatment) and monocytes (at 32 mg/kg treatment), but reduced B-cell markers (at 8 mg/kg treatment); MA did not significantly affect cell marker of macrophages. Furthermore, MA increased phagocytosis by macrophages from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and peritoneal cavity at 32 mg/kg treatment and increased NK cell activity at target cell:splenocyte ratio of 25:1 but did not affect B- and T-cell proliferation. CONCLUSION MA increased immune responses by enhancing macrophage phagocytosis and NK cell activities in leukemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Chi Lai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Life Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Surgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Beigang, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Chi Liu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jye-Yu Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jung-Yu Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Zheng-Yu Cheng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Rick Sai-Chuen Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chin-Chung Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Feng-Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Executive Yuan, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,General Education Center, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jr-Kai Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chang Bing Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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26
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Karygianni L, Cecere M, Argyropoulou A, Hellwig E, Skaltsounis AL, Wittmer A, Tchorz JP, Al-Ahmad A. Compounds from Olea europaea and Pistacia lentiscus inhibit oral microbial growth. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:51. [PMID: 30808354 PMCID: PMC6390541 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In view of the increasing antibiotic resistance, the introduction of natural anti-infective agents has brought a new era in the treatment of bacterially derived oral diseases. METHODS The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial potential of five natural constituents of Olea europaea (oleuropein, maslinic acid, hydroxytyrosol, oleocanthal, oleacein) and three compounds of Pistacia lentiscus (24Z-isomasticadienolic acid, oleanolic acid, oleanonic aldehyde) against ten representative oral bacterial species and a Candida albicans strain. After the isolation and quality control of natural compounds, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay were performed. RESULTS Among all O. europaea-derived constituents, maslinic acid was the most active (MIC = 4.9-312 μg mL- 1, MBC = 9.8-25 μg mL- 1) one against oral streptococci and anaerobic pathogenic bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra), while oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, oleocanthal and oleacein showed milder, yet significant effects against P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum. Among all P. lentiscus compounds, oleanolic acid was the most effective one against almost all microorganisms with MIC values ranging from 9.8 μg mL- 1 (P. gingivalis) to 625 μg mL- 1 (F. nucleatum, P. micra). In the presence of 24Z-isomasticadienolic acid, a mean inhibitory concentration range of 2.4 μg mL- 1 to 625 μg mL- 1 was observed for strict anaerobia. The MIC value for 24Z-isomasticadienolic acid was estimated between 39 μg mL- 1 (Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus oralis) and 78 μg mL- 1 (Streptococcus mutans). All tested compounds showed no effects against Prevotella intermedia. CONCLUSIONS Overall, maslinic acid and oleanolic acid exerted the most significant inhibitory activity against the tested oral pathogens, especially streptococci and anaerobic oral microorganisms.
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Ortega-Muñoz M, Rodríguez-Serrano F, De los Reyes-Berbel E, Mut-Salud N, Hernández-Mateo F, Rodríguez-López A, Garrido JM, López-Jaramillo FJ, Santoyo-González F. Biological Evaluation and Docking Studies of Synthetic Oleanane-type Triterpenoids. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11455-11468. [PMID: 30320262 PMCID: PMC6173505 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Saponins are potential wide-spectrum antitumor drugs, and copper(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is a suitable approach to synthesizing saponin-like compounds by regioselective glycosylation of the C2/C3 hydroxyl and C28 carboxylic groups of triterpene aglycones maslinic acid (MA) and oleanolic acid (OA). Biological studies on the T-84 human colon carcinoma cell line support the role of the hydroxyl groups at C2/C3, the influence of the aglycone, and the bulky nature of the substituents in C28. OA bearing a α-d-mannose moiety at C28 (compound 18) focused our interest because the estimated inhibitory concentration 50 was similar to that reported for ginsenoside Rh2 against colon cancer cells and it inhibits the G1-S phase transition affecting the cell viability and apoptosis. Considering that triterpenoids from natural sources have been identified as inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) signaling, docking studies were conducted to evaluate whether NF-κB may be a potential target. Results are consistent with the biological study and predict a similar binding mode of MA and compound 18 to the p52 subunit from NF-κB but not for OA. The fact that the binding site is shared by the NF-κB inhibitor 6,6-dimethyl-2-(phenylimino)-6,7-dihydrobenzo[d][1,3]oxathiol-4(5H)-one supports the result and points to NF-κB as a potential target of both MA and compound 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Ortega-Muñoz
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic
Chemistry, Biotechnology Institute, Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine
(IBIMER), and Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Serrano
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic
Chemistry, Biotechnology Institute, Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine
(IBIMER), and Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary
Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Eduardo De los Reyes-Berbel
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic
Chemistry, Biotechnology Institute, Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine
(IBIMER), and Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Nuria Mut-Salud
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic
Chemistry, Biotechnology Institute, Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine
(IBIMER), and Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Hernández-Mateo
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic
Chemistry, Biotechnology Institute, Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine
(IBIMER), and Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Andrea Rodríguez-López
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic
Chemistry, Biotechnology Institute, Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine
(IBIMER), and Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José M. Garrido
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic
Chemistry, Biotechnology Institute, Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine
(IBIMER), and Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary
Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18071 Granada, Spain
- Department
of Cardiovascular Surgery, Virgen de las
Nieves University Hospital, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - F. Javier López-Jaramillo
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic
Chemistry, Biotechnology Institute, Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine
(IBIMER), and Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Santoyo-González
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic
Chemistry, Biotechnology Institute, Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine
(IBIMER), and Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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28
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Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Olive Oil as Nutraceutical Tools for the Prevention and Management of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082305. [PMID: 30082650 PMCID: PMC6121682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become the largest contributor to worldwide morbidity and mortality. Among them, cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for a 47% of worldwide mortality. In general, preventive approaches modifying lifestyle are more cost-effective than treatments after disease onset. In this sense, a healthy diet could help a range of NCDs, such as cancer and CVDs. Traditional Mediterranean Diet (MD) is associated by the low-prevalence of certain types of cancers and CVDs, where olive oil plays an important role. In fact, different epidemiological studies suggest that olive oil consumption prevents some cancers, as well as coronary heart diseases and stroke incidence and mortality. Historically, the beneficial health effects of virgin olive oil (VOO) intake were first attributed to the high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids. Nowadays, many studies indicate that phenolic compounds contained in olive oil have positive effects on different biomarkers related to health. Among them, phenolic compounds would be partially responsible for health benefits. The present work aims to explore, in studies published during the last five years, the effects of the main phenolic compounds isolated from olive oil on different cancer or CVD aspects, in order to clarify which compounds have more potential to be used as nutraceuticals with preventive or even therapeutic properties.
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29
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Wang YY, Diao BZ, Zhong LH, Lu BL, Cheng Y, Yu L, Zhu LY. Maslinic acid protects against lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury in mice. Microb Pathog 2018; 119:49-53. [PMID: 29627448 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute liver injury is a life-threatening syndrome that often caused by hepatocyte damage. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of maslinic acid (MA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (D-gal)-induced acute liver injury and clarified its mechanism. Mice acute liver injury model was induced by given LPS and D-gal and MA was given intraperitoneally 1 h before LPS and D-gal. Our results showed that MA protected against liver injury by attenuating liver histopathologic changes, serum AST and ALT levels. The increased inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in serum and liver tissues were also inhibited by MA. The level of MDA and the activity of MPO in liver tissues were up-regulated by LPS/D-gal and dose-dependently inhibited by MA. Furthermore, MA attenuated hepatic NF-κB protein expression and increased hepatic Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression. Taken together, MA offers a protective role against LPS/D-gal-induced liver injury through suppressing NF-κB and activating Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Forth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Bao-Zhong Diao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparations, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Li-Hua Zhong
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Forth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Bao-Ling Lu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Forth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Forth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Forth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
| | - Li-Ying Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Forth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
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30
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Tian Y, Xu H, Farooq AA, Nie B, Chen X, Su S, Yuan R, Qiao G, Li C, Li X, Liu X, Lin X. Maslinic acid induces autophagy by down-regulating HSPA8 in pancreatic cancer cells. Phytother Res 2018. [PMID: 29516568 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA), a natural pentacyclictriterpene, displays cytotoxic activity on various types of cancer cells. However, its underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we assessed the effect of MA on autophagy of human pancreatic cancer cells, and the potential autophagic pathway was presented. MA inhibited the proliferation and induced autophagy of Panc-28 cells by altering the expressions of autophagy related proteins. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that one protein band was significantly down-regulated in cells treated with MA, and the band was identified as heat shock protein HSPA8 as analyzed using Western blot and MS, MS/MS approaches. HSPA8 knockdown could significantly inhibit cell viability and enhance the cytotoxic effects of MA, whereas HSPA8 overexpression was able to enhance cell viability, diminishing the effects of MA. Western blot analysis indicated that the effect of MA on the expression of autophagy related genes was increased significantly in cells treated with HSPA8 inhibitor VER-155008, whereas HSPA8 inducer geranylgeranylacetone antagonized the effects of MA. Our study provides evidence that MA is able to induce of autophagy via down-regulation of HSPA8 in Panc-28 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Huanli Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Zibo Biomedicinal Institute, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooq
- Laboratory for Translational Oncology and Personalized Medicine, RLMC, 35 Km Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Baozeng Nie
- Rizhao Tranditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoliang Chen
- Basic Medical School, Datong Univeristy, Datong, 037009, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuonan Su
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ru Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Gan Qiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
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31
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Tao J, Li Y, Li S, Li HB. Plant foods for the prevention and management of colon cancer. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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32
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Gouvinhas I, Machado N, Sobreira C, Domínguez-Perles R, Gomes S, Rosa E, Barros AIRNA. Critical Review on the Significance of Olive Phytochemicals in Plant Physiology and Human Health. Molecules 2017; 22:E1986. [PMID: 29144445 PMCID: PMC6150410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive oil displays remarkable organoleptic and nutritional features, which turn it into a foodstuff appreciated by consumers, and a basic component of the Mediterranean diet. Indeed, the noticed benefits of including olive oil in the diet have been assigned to the presence of diverse bioactive compounds with different molecular structures. These compounds confer a wide range of biological properties to this food matrix, including the prevention of distinct human diseases as well as the modulation of their severity. The most relevant bioactive compounds present in olive oil correspond to benzoic and cinnamic acids, phenolic alcohols and secoiridoids, and also flavonoids. Over the last decades, several studies, devoted to gaining a further insight into the relative contribution of the separate groups and individual compounds for their biological activities, have been conducted, providing relevant information on structure-activity relationships. Therefore, this paper critically reviews the health benefits evidenced by distinct phenolic compounds found in olive oils, thus contributing to clarify the relationship between their chemical structures and biological functions, further supporting their interest as essential ingredients of wholesome foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Gouvinhas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Nelson Machado
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Carla Sobreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Sónia Gomes
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Ana I R N A Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
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Maslinic acid promotes autophagy by disrupting the interaction between Bcl2 and Beclin1 in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74527-74538. [PMID: 29088805 PMCID: PMC5650360 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Maslinic acid (2α, 3β-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid, MA) was isolated from natural plants and showed anti-cancer activity in rat Pheochromocytoma PC12 cells in our previous studies. We now discover that MA disrupts the interaction between Bcl2 and autophagy scaffold protein Beclin1 in the above cell line, leading to the up-regulation of autophagy. We investigated the effect of MA on the interaction between Bcl2 and Beclin1 by biochemical and biophysical methods in combination with autophagy characterization in the above cell line. Our results suggest that MA may serve as an autophagy activator by directly blocking the Bcl2-Beclin1 interaction to release free Beclin1 required for the recruitment of autophagy positive regulators, implying MA may exert its anti-cancer activity by regulating autophagy.
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Wang D, Tang S, Zhang Q. Maslinic acid suppresses the growth of human gastric cells by inducing apoptosis via inhibition of the interleukin-6 mediated Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4875-4881. [PMID: 28599489 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine whether maslinic acid effectively inhibits the proliferation of MKN28 cells, and to investigate the mechanisms underlying its antitumor functions. MKN28 cell viability was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8, cell proliferation was analyzed by a colony formation assay and flow cytometry was used to investigate the rate of apoptosis. Western blot analysis was performed in order to determine the differential expression levels of Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and apoptosis associated proteins B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and Bcl-2 associated agonist of cell death (Bad). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration was evaluated using ELISA. IL-6 and anti-IL-6 antibodies were used to investigate the role of IL-6 in MKN28 cells treated with maslinic acid proliferation, and the STAT3 phosphorylation rates. The results demonstrated that maslinic acid treatment significantly reduced cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and was accompanied by a significant decrease in Bcl-2, Bax and Bad expression levels. Maslinic acid treatment also resulted in the downregulation of phosphorylated-STAT3 and JAK2, and significantly inhibited the protein expression of IL-6. Maslinic acid is able to inhibit MKN28 cell proliferation and the phosphorylation of STAT3 by downregulating the expression of IL-6. These results suggest that maslinic acid suppresses the growth of MKN28 cells by inducing apoptosis via its inhibition of the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyou Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
| | - Sifeng Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
| | - Qiwen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
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35
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Lee NK, Shin HJ, Kim WS, In G, Han CK. Studies on the Chemical Constituents from the Seeds of Zizyphus jujuba var. inermis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2017.23.4.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nam Kyung Lee
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corp., Daejeon 34128, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Shin
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corp., Daejeon 34128, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Seok Kim
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corp., Daejeon 34128, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyo In
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corp., Daejeon 34128, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Kyun Han
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corp., Daejeon 34128, Republic of Korea
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Di Gangi IM, Mazza T, Fontana A, Copetti M, Fusilli C, Ippolito A, Mattivi F, Latiano A, Andriulli A, Vrhovsek U, Pazienza V. Metabolomic profile in pancreatic cancer patients: a consensus-based approach to identify highly discriminating metabolites. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5815-29. [PMID: 26735340 PMCID: PMC4868723 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer related deaths due to its aggressive behavior and poor clinical outcome. There is a considerable variability in the frequency of serum tumor markers in cancer' patients. We performed a metabolomics screening in patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Experimental Design Two targeted metabolomic assays were conducted on 40 serum samples of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and 40 healthy controls. Multivariate methods and classification trees were performed. Materials and Methods Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (SPLS-DA) was used to reduce the high dimensionality of a pancreatic cancer metabolomic dataset, differentiating between pancreatic cancer (PC) patients and healthy subjects. Using Random Forest analysis palmitic acid, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-rac-glycerol, lanosterol, lignoceric acid, 1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol, cholesterol 5α,6α epoxide, erucic acid and taurolithocholic acid (T-LCA), oleoyl-L-carnitine, oleanolic acid were identified among 206 metabolites as highly discriminating between disease states. Comparison between Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves for palmitic acid and CA 19-9 showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of palmitic acid (AUC=1.000; 95% confidence interval) is significantly higher than CA 19-9 (AUC=0.963; 95% confidence interval: 0.896-1.000). Conclusion Mass spectrometry-based metabolomic profiling of sera from pancreatic cancer patients and normal subjects showed significant alterations in the profiles of the metabolome of PC patients as compared to controls. These findings offer an information-rich matrix for discovering novel candidate biomarkers with diagnostic or prognostic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iole Maria Di Gangi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Unit of Bioinformatics, I.R.C.C.S. "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Unit of Biostatistics I.R.C.C.S. "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Unit of Biostatistics I.R.C.C.S. "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Caterina Fusilli
- Unit of Bioinformatics, I.R.C.C.S. "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Antonio Ippolito
- Gastroenterology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Anna Latiano
- Gastroenterology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Angelo Andriulli
- Gastroenterology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Gastroenterology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
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Villar-Lorenzo A, Ardiles AE, Arroba AI, Hernández-Jiménez E, Pardo V, López-Collazo E, Jiménez IA, Bazzocchi IL, González-Rodríguez Á, Valverde ÁM. Friedelane-type triterpenoids as selective anti-inflammatory agents by regulation of differential signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 313:57-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Pérez-Jiménez A, Rufino-Palomares EE, Fernández-Gallego N, Ortuño-Costela MC, Reyes-Zurita FJ, Peragón J, García-Salguero L, Mokhtari K, Medina PP, Lupiáñez JA. Target molecules in 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation are regulated by maslinic acid, a natural triterpene from Olea europaea. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1301-1311. [PMID: 27765349 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is a set of pathologies among which stand out the obesity, which is related to the lipid droplet accumulation and changes to cellular morphology regulated by several molecules and transcription factors. Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural product with demonstrated pharmacological functions including anti-inflammation, anti-tumor and anti-oxidation, among others. PURPOSE Here we report the effects of MA on the adipogenesis process in 3T3-L1 cells. METHODS Cell viability, glucose uptake, cytoplasmic triglyceride droplets, triglycerides quantification, gene transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (aP2) and intracellular Ca2+ levels were determined in pre-adipocytes and adipocytes of 3T3-L1 cells. RESULTS MA increased glucose uptake. MA also decreased lipid droplets and triglyceride levels, which is in concordance with the down-regulation of PPARγ and aP2. Finally, MA increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which could also be involved in the demonstrated antiadipogenic effect of this triterpene. CONCLUSION MA has been demonstrated as potential antiadipogenic compound in 3T3-L1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Pérez-Jiménez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of i+D+I, Biomaslinic S.L., Polígono Industrial de Escúzar, 18130 Granada, Spain.
| | - Eva E Rufino-Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Pfizer Pharmaceutical-University of Granada-Government of Andalusian, Centre of Genomic and Oncologic Investigation (GENyO), Technological Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Nieves Fernández-Gallego
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - M Carmen Ortuño-Costela
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando J Reyes-Zurita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Peragón
- Department of Experimental Biology, Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Leticia García-Salguero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Khalida Mokhtari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed I University, BP 717 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Pedro P Medina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Pfizer Pharmaceutical-University of Granada-Government of Andalusian, Centre of Genomic and Oncologic Investigation (GENyO), Technological Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - José A Lupiáñez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Rufino-Palomares EE, Reyes-Zurita FJ, García-Salguero L, Peragón J, de la Higuera M, Lupiáñez JA. NADPH production, a growth marker, is stimulated by maslinic acid in gilthead sea bream by increased NADP-IDH and ME expression. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 187:32-42. [PMID: 27178358 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
NADPH plays a central role in reductive biosynthesis of membrane lipids, maintenance of cell integrity, protein synthesis and redox balance maintenance. Hence, NADPH is involved in the growth and proliferation processes. In addition, it has been shown that changes in nutritional conditions produced changes in NADPH levels and growth rate. Maslinic acid (MA), a pentacyclic triterpene of natural origin, is able to stimulate NADPH production, through regulation of the two oxidative phase dehydrogenases of the pentose phosphate pathway. Our main objective was to study the effects of MA on the kinetic behaviour and on the molecular expression of two NADPH-generating systems, NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-IDH) and malic enzyme (ME), in the liver and white muscle of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Four groups of 12g of a mean body mass were fed for 210days in a fish farm, with diets containing 0 (control), and 0.1g of MA per kg of diet. Two groups were fed ad libitum (C-AL and MA-AL) and another's two, with restricted diet of 1% of fish weight (C-R and MA-R). Results showed that MA significantly increased the main kinetic parameter of the NADPH-forming enzymes (NADP-IDH and ME). In this sense, specific activity, maximum velocity, catalytic efficiency and activity ratio values were higher in MA conditions than control groups. Moreover, these changes were observed in both feeding regimen, AL and R. Meanwhile, the Michaelis constant changed mainly in groups fed with the MA and restricted diet, these changes are related to the best substrate affinity by enzyme. Moreover, in the Western-blot result, we found that MA increased both protein levels studied, this behaviour being consistent with the regulation of the number of enzyme molecules. All results, indicate that MA, independently of the fed regimen, could potentially be a nutritional additive for fish as it improved the metabolic state of fish, as consequence of increased activity and expression of NADP-IDH and ME enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva E Rufino-Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Fernando J Reyes-Zurita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Leticia García-Salguero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Peragón
- Department of Experimental Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Manuel de la Higuera
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José A Lupiáñez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Milone MR, Pucci B, Colangelo T, Lombardi R, Iannelli F, Colantuoni V, Sabatino L, Budillon A. Proteomic characterization of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) overexpressing or silenced colorectal cancer cells unveils a novel protein network associated with an aggressive phenotype. Mol Oncol 2016; 10:1344-62. [PMID: 27499265 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) is a transcription factor of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily implicated in a wide range of processes, including tumorigenesis. Its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still debated; most reports support that PPARγ reduced expression is associated with poor prognosis. We employed 2-Dimensional Differential InGel Electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) followed by Liquid Chromatography (LC)-tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins and the molecular pathways underlying PPARγ expression in CRC progression. We identified several differentially expressed proteins in HT29 and HCT116 CRC cells and derived clones either silenced or overexpressing PPARγ, respectively. In Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) they showed reciprocal relation with PPARγ and a strong relationship with networks linked to cell death, growth and survival. Interestingly, five of the identified proteins, ezrin (EZR), isoform C of prelamin-A/C (LMNA), alpha-enolase (ENOA), prohibitin (PHB) and RuvB-like 2 (RUVBL2) were shared by the two cell models with opposite expression levels, suggesting a possible regulation by PPARγ. mRNA and western blot analysis were undertaken to obtain a technical validation and confirm the expression trend observed by 2-D DIGE data. We associated EZR upregulation with increased cell surface localization in PPARγ-overexpressing cells by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining. We also correlated EZR and PPARγ expression in our series of CRC specimens and the expression profiling of all five proteins levels in the publicly available colon cancer genomic data from Oncomine and Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) datasets. In summary, we identified a panel of proteins correlated with PPARγ expression that could be associated with CRC unveiling new pathways to be investigated for the selection of novel potential prognostic/predictive biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Milone
- Centro Ricerche Oncologiche Mercogliano, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Biagio Pucci
- Centro Ricerche Oncologiche Mercogliano, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Tommaso Colangelo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Rita Lombardi
- Centro Ricerche Oncologiche Mercogliano, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Iannelli
- Centro Ricerche Oncologiche Mercogliano, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Vittorio Colantuoni
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Centro Ricerche Oncologiche Mercogliano, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale - IRCCS, Naples, Italy; Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale - IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
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Ramos-Bueno RP, González-Fernández MJ, Guil-Guerrero JL. Various Acylglycerols from Common Oils Exert Different Antitumor Activities on Colorectal Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:518-29. [PMID: 27007804 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1152382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of death in Western countries; therefore, the implementation of healthy dietary habits in order to prevent its occurrence is a desirable action. We show here that both free fatty acids (FFAs) and some acylglycerols induce antitumoral actions in the colorectal cancer cell line HT-29. We tested several C18 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched oils (e.g., sunflower and Echium) as well as other oils, such as arachidonic acid-enriched (Arasco®) and docosahexaenoic acid-enriched (Marinol® and cod liver oil), in addition to coconut and olive oils. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test indicated inhibitory effects on HT-29 cells viability for FFAs, and monoacylglycerol and diacylglycerol (DAG) species, while the lactate dehydrogenase test proved that FFAs were the more effective species to induce membrane injury. Conversely, all species did not exhibit actions on CCD-18 normal human colon cells viability. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of necrosis and apoptosis, while the monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibition test demonstrated high activity for 2-monoacylglycerols derived from Arasco and sunflower oils. However, different monoacylglycerols and DAGs have also the potential for MAGL inhibition. Therefore, checking for activity on colon cancer cells of specifically designed acylglycerol-derivative species would be a suitable way to design functional foods destined to avoid colorectal cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca P Ramos-Bueno
- a Food Technology Division, ceiA3, University of Almería , La Cañada , Almería , Spain
| | | | - José L Guil-Guerrero
- a Food Technology Division, ceiA3, University of Almería , La Cañada , Almería , Spain
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Reyes-Zurita FJ, Rufino-Palomares EE, García-Salguero L, Peragón J, Medina PP, Parra A, Cascante M, Lupiáñez JA. Maslinic Acid, a Natural Triterpene, Induces a Death Receptor-Mediated Apoptotic Mechanism in Caco-2 p53-Deficient Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146178. [PMID: 26751572 PMCID: PMC4709006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural triterpene present in high concentrations in the waxy skin of olives. We have previously reported that MA induces apoptotic cell death via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in HT29 colon cancer cells. Here, we show that MA induces apoptosis in Caco-2 colon cancer cells via the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in a dose-dependent manner. MA triggered a series of effects associated with apoptosis, including the cleavage of caspases -8 and -3, and increased the levels of t-Bid within a few hours of its addition to the culture medium. MA had no effect on the expression of the Bax protein, release of cytochrome-c or on the mitochondrial membrane potential. This suggests that MA triggered the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in this cell type, as opposed to the intrinsic pathway found in the HT29 colon-cancer cell line. Our results suggest that the apoptotic mechanism induced in Caco-2 may be different from that found in HT29 colon-cancer cells, and that in Caco-2 cells MA seems to work independently of p53. Natural antitumoral agents capable of activating both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways could be of great use in treating colon-cancer of whatever origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J. Reyes-Zurita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Eva E. Rufino-Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Leticia García-Salguero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Peragón
- Department of Experimental Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section. University of Jaen, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Pedro P. Medina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Andrés Parra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Section of Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Cascante
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (JAL); (MC)
| | - José A. Lupiáñez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
- * E-mail: (JAL); (MC)
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Reyes-Zurita FJ, Medina-O'Donnell M, Ferrer-Martin RM, Rufino-Palomares EE, Martin-Fonseca S, Rivas F, Martínez A, García-Granados A, Pérez-Jiménez A, García-Salguero L, Peragón J, Mokhtari K, Medina PP, Parra A, Lupiáñez JA. The oleanolic acid derivative, 3-O-succinyl-28-O-benzyl oleanolate, induces apoptosis in B16–F10 melanoma cells via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18879f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of 3-O-succinyl-28-O-benzyl oleanolate on B16–F10 skin-melanoma cells.
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Alcántara-Flores E, Brechú-Franco AE, García-López P, Rocha-Zavaleta L, López-Marure R, Martínez-Vázquez M. Argentatin B Inhibits Proliferation of Prostate and Colon Cancer Cells by Inducing Cell Senescence. Molecules 2015; 20:21125-37. [PMID: 26633316 PMCID: PMC6332290 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Argentatin B has been shown to inhibit the growth of colon HCT-15, and prostate PC-3 cancer cells. However, the mechanism by which argentatin B inhibits cell proliferation is still unknown. We aimed to investigate the mechanism by which argentatin B inhibits cell proliferation. The cell cycle was studied by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin-V-Fluos, and Hoechst 33342 dye staining. Cell senescence was evaluated by proliferation tests, and staining for SA-β-galactosidase. Senescence-related proteins (PCNA, p21, and p27) were analyzed by Western blotting. Potential toxicity of argentatin B was evaluated in CD-1 mice. Its effect on tumor growth was tested in a HCT-15 and PC-3 xenograft model. Argentatin B induced an increment of cells in sub G1, but did not produce apoptosis. Proliferation of both cell lines was inhibited by argentatin B. Forty-three percent HCT-15, and 66% PC-3 cells showed positive SA-β-galactosidase staining. The expression of PCNA was decreased, p21 expression was increased in both cell lines, but p27 expression increased only in PC-3 cells after treatment. Administration of argentatin B to healthy mice did not produce treatment-associated pathologies. However, it restricted the growth of HCT-15 and PC-3 tumors. These results indicate that treatment with argentatin B induces cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Alcántara-Flores
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico.
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacán, CP. 04510, México D.F., Mexico.
| | - Alicia Enriqueta Brechú-Franco
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico.
| | - Patricia García-López
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, México D.F., Mexico.
| | - Leticia Rocha-Zavaleta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Escolar s/n, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Rebeca López-Marure
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Departamento de Biología Celular, Juan Badiano No. 1, Colonia Sección 16, Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, México D.F., Mexico.
| | - Mariano Martínez-Vázquez
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico.
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Effects of maslinic acid on the proliferation and apoptosis of A549 lung cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:117-22. [PMID: 26572558 PMCID: PMC4686082 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA) is a pentacyclic triterpene acid that is present in numerous dietary plants. Although certain studies have demonstrated that MA has anti-cancer properties in different cell types, the effect of MA on lung cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis and the potential underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In the present study, A549 lung cancer cells were treated with different doses of MA and it was found that MA significantly inhibited A549 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Annexin V/propidium iodide flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that MA induced apoptosis of A549 cells. The present study also confirmed that MA induced apoptosis by observing morphological alterations. In addition, the effect of MA treatment on the levels of apoptosis-associated proteins was examined. The results demonstrated that MA treatment suppressed the expression of caspase-3, -8 and -9, and increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, -8 and -9 in a dose-dependent manner. The level of inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) and Smac, which are possible upstream factors of caspase proteins, were also examined. It was found that MA treatment increased the protein expression of Smac and decreased the protein levels of c-IAP1, c-IAP2, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and Survivin in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggested that MA inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of A549 cells through regulation of caspase cleavage as well as Smac, c-IAP1, c-IAP2, XIAP and Survivin.
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A New HPLC-MS Method for Measuring Maslinic Acid and Oleanolic Acid in HT29 and HepG2 Human Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:21681-94. [PMID: 26370984 PMCID: PMC4613274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160921681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA) and oleanolic acid (OA), the main triterpenic acids present in olive, have important properties for health and disease prevention. MA selectively inhibits cell proliferation of the HT29 human colon-cancer cell line by inducing selective apoptosis. For measuring the MA and OA concentration inside the cell and in the culture medium, a new HPLC-MS procedure has been developed. With this method, a determination of the amount of MA and OA incorporated into HT29 and HepG2 human cancer-cell lines incubated with different concentrations of MA corresponding to 50% growth inhibitory concentration (IC50), IC50/2, IC50/4, and IC50/8 has been made. The results demonstrate that this method is appropriate for determining the MA and OA concentration in different types of cultured cells and reveals the specific dynamics of entry of MA into HT29 and HepG2 cells.
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Sánchez-Quesada C, López-Biedma A, Gaforio JJ. Oleanolic Acid, a Compound Present in Grapes and Olives, Protects against Genotoxicity in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells. Molecules 2015. [PMID: 26225949 PMCID: PMC6332039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200813670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (AO) and maslinic acid (MA) are constituents of the skins of different fruits, including olives and white or red grapes. Although both compounds are known to have beneficial properties against different types of cancers, thus far, there are no studies about their chemopreventive effects in human breast cancer. Thus, we sought to elucidate whether both compounds possess chemopreventive activity. Two cell lines of human breast cancer cells and one noncancerous human mammary epithelial cells were used to determine the effects of OA and MA. The results showed that OA inhibited the proliferation and increased the oxidative stress of highly invasive cells. Additionally, OA decreased oxidative stress and oxidative damage to the DNA in human mammary epithelial cells. These results suggest that OA could act as a chemopreventive agent in human breast cancer and could inhibit the proliferation of highly invasive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sánchez-Quesada
- Immunology Division, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Olivar y Aceites de Oliva, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
- Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Alicia López-Biedma
- Immunology Division, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Olivar y Aceites de Oliva, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
- Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - José J Gaforio
- Immunology Division, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Olivar y Aceites de Oliva, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
- Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
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Wong FC, Tan ST, Chai TT. Phytochemical-mediated Protein Expression Profiling and the Potential Applications in Therapeutic Drug Target Identifications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 56 Suppl 1:S162-70. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1045967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Maslinic Acid, a Triterpene from Olive, Affects the Antioxidant and Mitochondrial Status of B16F10 Melanoma Cells Grown under Stressful Conditions. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:272457. [PMID: 26236377 PMCID: PMC4508474 DOI: 10.1155/2015/272457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural compound whose structure corresponds to a pentacyclic triterpene. It is abundant in the cuticular lipid layer of olives. MA has many biological and therapeutic properties related to health, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities. However, no studies have been performed to understand the molecular mechanism induced by this compound in melanoma cancer. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of MA in melanoma (B16F10) cells grown in the presence or absence of fetal bovine serum (FBS). We performed cell proliferation measurements, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements using dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123) and activities of catalase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase. These changes were corroborated by expression assays. FBS absence reduced cell viability decreasing IC50 values of MA. The DHR 123 data showed an increase in the ROS level in the absence of FBS. Furthermore, MA had an antioxidant effect at lower assayed levels measured as DHR and antioxidant defense. However, at higher dosages MA induced cellular damage by apoptosis as seen in the results obtained.
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Hashmi MA, Hameed R, Khan A, Farooq U, Ahmad VU, Perveen S. A New Dimeric Secoiridoid Glycoside from the Leaves ofOlea ferrugineaRoyle. Helv Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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