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Hijazi R, Gesser-Edelsburg A, Mesch GS. Vaccine communication strategies among healthcare workers as a reflection of the Israeli Ministry of Health's communication strategies before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1377393. [PMID: 38846621 PMCID: PMC11153784 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1377393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare workers play a central role in communicating information to the public regarding vaccines. Most of the literature has focused on healthcare workers' hesitancy and doubts about getting the flu vaccine themselves. However, few studies have dealt with how they perceive their role in communicating information regarding vaccines, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives (1) To identify the communication strategies used by the Israeli Ministry of Health regarding vaccines during epidemic crises (before and after the COVID-19 pandemic); (2) To identify the communication strategies used by healthcare workers regarding vaccines before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A qualitative study based on in-depth interviews was conducted among healthcare workers and used a semi-structured protocol as a research tool. A total of 18 healthcare workers were sampled using purposeful and snowball sampling. Results Despite healthcare workers' perception that there has been a decrease in trust in the Israeli Ministry of Health among the public following the COVID-19 outbreak, they still rely on the Israeli Ministry of Health as their primary source of information and use the same communication strategies (such as fear appeals and correcting information) as of the Israeli Ministry of Health to communicate with the public, healthcare providers, and other relevant stakeholders. Conclusion Healthcare workers have been shaped by the professional socialization processes within the health system, leading to a predominant reliance on established communication strategies and informational channels. This reliance underscores the importance of evolving these methods to better engage with the public. To address this, there is a compelling need to innovate and adopt new communication techniques that emphasize effective dialogue and transparent interactions. By doing so, healthcare professionals can ensure that their outreach is not only informative but also responsive to the diverse needs and preferences of the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Hijazi
- The Health and Risk Communication Lab, School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anat Gesser-Edelsburg
- The Health and Risk Communication Lab, School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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2
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Ashfield S, Donelle L, Tryphonopoulos P, Dubé È, Smith M. Digital health literacy, vaccine information sources, and vaccine acceptance among parents in Ontario: Quantitative findings from a mixed methods study. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003154. [PMID: 38758822 PMCID: PMC11101077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Parents make important vaccination decisions for their children and many variables affect parents' decisions to accept or decline vaccines. Parents are tasked with locating, understanding, and applying information to inform health decisions often using online resources; however, the digital health literacy levels of parents are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate parents' digital health literacy levels, their sources for vaccine information, and analyze how demographics, digital health literacy, health literacy, parental attitudes and vaccine beliefs, trust, and vaccine information sources predict vaccine acceptance. Quantitative findings of a mixed methods study that examined parental vaccine decision making across the continuum of vaccine hesitant to vaccine accepting is reported. An online survey of parents of young children living in Ontario, Canada was conducted in 2022. Multiple linear regression determined predictors of vaccine acceptance. 219 participants completed the survey and on average reported adequate digital health literacy skill. Healthcare providers were reported as the most commonly used source of vaccine information. Two models were retained that predicted vaccine acceptance, both models predicted about 50% of the variability in vaccine acceptance. Model A identified that trust predicted parent vaccine acceptance and model B identified that digital health literacy, and the vaccine information sources healthcare providers, family and friends, and alternate healthcare providers predicted vaccine acceptance. Family and friends and alternate healthcare providers negatively predicted vaccine acceptance. Most parents in our study had high levels of digital health literacy. Opportunities exist for further research and policy change focused on trust at a systemic public health level. While clinical level implications included the importance of healthcare providers as a vaccine information source and adequate digital health literacy to facilitate parental vaccine decision making. Continued efforts to develop awareness on the importance of digital health literacy among the public and healthcare providers is needed, including further research on the digital health literacy levels of Canadians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ashfield
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Lorie Donelle
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Panagiota Tryphonopoulos
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Ève Dubé
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Institute National de Santé Publique du Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maxwell Smith
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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3
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Huseth-Zosel AL, Fuller H, Hicks A, Carson PJ. Reliance on sources of immunization information and vaccine uptake among older adults in a rural state: The mediating role of trust. Vaccine 2024; 42:3107-3114. [PMID: 38604912 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Older adults are more vulnerable to the negative impacts of infectious diseases than younger individuals. However, regardless of the importance and effectiveness of vaccines to reduce morbidity and mortality, issues remain with vaccine hesitancy among this population. Older adults' sources of immunization information and their level of trust in those sources may play a role in their vaccination behaviors. This research aimed to better understand the role of information sources and related issues of trust as related to vaccine uptake among older adults. A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 901 older adults in North Dakota in May-July 2022. Measures included extent of reliance on specific sources of immunization information, levels of trust, and uptake for influenza, pneumonia, shingles, and COVID-19 vaccinations. Immunization information sources were grouped into medical experts, informal, and public outlets. Results indicated older adults were more likely to rely on medical experts than informal sources or public outlets for immunization information. Greater reliance on medical experts was associated with a greater likelihood of vaccine uptake for all vaccines, while reliance on public outlets was associated with a greater likelihood of vaccine uptake only for COVID primary series and boosters. Reliance on informal sources for immunization information was associated with a reduced likelihood of vaccine uptake for all vaccines except shingles. Nearly half of respondents were uncertain who to trust for vaccine information. Uncertainty who to trust for immunization information significantly mediated the associations between reliance on medical experts and uptake for most vaccines indicating that trust in medical experts fosters vaccine uptake. Increasing reliance on medical experts as sources of immunization information is vital to increasing vaccine uptake among older adults. Additionally, this population must be assisted in increasing their ability to successfully assess the trustworthiness of immunization information sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Huseth-Zosel
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States.
| | - Heather Fuller
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Alexandria Hicks
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Paul J Carson
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
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Arcaro P, Nachira L, Pattavina F, Campo E, Mancini R, Pascucci D, Damiani G, Carducci B, Spadea A, Lanzone A, Bruno S, Laurenti P. Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pregnant Women's Attitudes towards Childhood Vaccinations: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:473. [PMID: 38793724 PMCID: PMC11126003 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has globally disrupted immunisation practices, impacting vulnerable populations such as pregnant women (PW), who harbour concerns about future children's immunisations. This study aimed to assess the pandemic's impact on PW's attitudes towards childhood vaccinations. During three consecutive flu seasons from October 2019 to January 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a large Italian teaching hospital using a questionnaire. The chi-square test was performed to compare each season. Across the 2019-2020 to 2021-2022 seasons, course attendance by PW surged from 105 to 340. Significant shifts in vaccination intentions were noted, including a 7.5% decrease in measles vaccination intent (p = 0.02) and a 10% decrease in that of pertussis (p = 0.004) from 2019-2020 to 2020-2021. While perceived contagion risk decreased, disease severity perceptions increased, with few significant differences. A statistically significant reduction was noted in the proportion of participants suspecting economic motives behind NHS workers' promotion of childhood vaccinations. Furthermore, the pandemic period saw an increase in the perceived utility of non-institutional websites and the advice of physicians outside the NHS. These findings will help develop evidence-based, tailored interventions and communication strategies to address vaccine hesitancy and ensure optimal vaccination coverage among children born during and after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Arcaro
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.A.); (L.N.); (E.C.); (R.M.); (G.D.); (S.B.); (P.L.)
| | - Lorenza Nachira
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.A.); (L.N.); (E.C.); (R.M.); (G.D.); (S.B.); (P.L.)
| | - Fabio Pattavina
- Women, Children and Public Health Sciences Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Enrica Campo
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.A.); (L.N.); (E.C.); (R.M.); (G.D.); (S.B.); (P.L.)
| | - Rossella Mancini
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.A.); (L.N.); (E.C.); (R.M.); (G.D.); (S.B.); (P.L.)
| | - Domenico Pascucci
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.A.); (L.N.); (E.C.); (R.M.); (G.D.); (S.B.); (P.L.)
- Health Management, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Damiani
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.A.); (L.N.); (E.C.); (R.M.); (G.D.); (S.B.); (P.L.)
- Women, Children and Public Health Sciences Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Brigida Carducci
- Women, Children and Public Health Sciences Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.C.); (A.L.)
| | | | - Antonio Lanzone
- Women, Children and Public Health Sciences Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.A.); (L.N.); (E.C.); (R.M.); (G.D.); (S.B.); (P.L.)
- Women, Children and Public Health Sciences Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Patrizia Laurenti
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.A.); (L.N.); (E.C.); (R.M.); (G.D.); (S.B.); (P.L.)
- Women, Children and Public Health Sciences Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (B.C.); (A.L.)
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Qiao S, Friedman DB, Tam CC, Zeng C, Li X. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among college students in South Carolina: do information sources and trust in information matter? JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:859-868. [PMID: 35427458 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2059375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For college students who are exposed to multimedia, the sources of COVID-19 vaccine information and their trust in these sources may play a role in shaping the vaccine acceptance spectrum (refusal, hesitancy, and acceptance). METHODS Based on an online survey among 1,062 college students in South Carolina, we investigated vaccine information sources among college students and examined how COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was associated with information source and trust level in each source. RESULTS The top three sources of COVID-19 vaccine information were health agencies, mass media, and personal social networks. Trust in mass media, health agencies, scientists, and pharmaceutical companies was negatively associated with vaccine refusal. Trust in government and scientists was negatively associated with vaccine hesitancy. DISCUSSION Our findings highlight the importance of restoring trust in government, healthcare system, scientists, and pharmaceutical industries in the COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Qiao
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- SC SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Daniela B Friedman
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Cheuk Chi Tam
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- SC SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Chengbo Zeng
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- SC SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- SC SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Cole LD, Hammershaimb EA, Liang Y, Hendrich MA, Das D, Petrin R, Campbell JD, O’Leary S, Cataldi JR. Awareness of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Among US Parents: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad476. [PMID: 37795505 PMCID: PMC10546954 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about parental awareness of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a rare but severe sequela of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods Via a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of US parents conducted via Ipsos KnowledgePanel from October to November 2021, we used bivariate and multivariable analyses to describe and identify demographic variables associated with parental knowledge of and attitudes toward MIS-C and to examine associations with perceived coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and susceptibility. Results Response rate was 64.2% (3230/5034). Thirty-two percent of respondents had heard of MIS-C. After adjustment, higher educational level (compared to high school degree; some college: odds ratio [OR], 2.00 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.44-2.77]; bachelor's degree or higher: OR, 3.14 [95% CI, 2.26-4.35]), being a healthcare worker (OR, 1.82 [95% CI, 1.37-2.42]), having a child with a chronic medical condition (OR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.22-2.14]), and experience with more severe COVID-19 (OR, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.14-1.86]) were associated with MIS-C awareness. Respondents with a child aged 12-17 years were less likely to be aware of MIS-C compared to those without (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, .63-.96]), as were male respondents (OR, 0.56 [95% CI, .46-.69]) and respondents aged 18-34 years (OR, 0.72 [95% CI, .54-.94]) compared to those aged 35-44 years. Awareness of MIS-C was associated with higher perceived COVID-19 severity and susceptibility (regression coefficients, 0.18 [95% CI, .10-.25], P < .001; 0.19 [95% CI, .11-.28], P < .001, respectively). Conclusions This survey highlights the need to increase parental awareness of MIS-C. Future studies should explore how education regarding MIS-C as a complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection could improve understanding of pediatric disease severity and susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsey D Cole
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - E Adrianne Hammershaimb
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Dhiman Das
- Ipsos US Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Robert Petrin
- Ipsos US Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - James D Campbell
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sean O’Leary
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado School of Medicine,Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jessica R Cataldi
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado School of Medicine,Aurora, Colorado, USA
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7
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N S, M DL, P P, Am C. Predictors and impact of trust on vaccine decisions in parents of 2-year-old children in Canada: findings from the 2017 Childhood National Immunization Coverage Survey (cNICS). BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1796. [PMID: 37715179 PMCID: PMC10503182 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Trust is known to be an important factor in vaccine decisions for parents of young children, but there has been a lack of Canadian data measuring the determinants and impact of trust. Using data from the 2017 Canadian Childhood National Immunization Coverage Survey (cNICS), this study analyzed the relationships between sources that parents trust for vaccine information and demographics, parental knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KAB) and vaccine decisions (refusal, delay or reluctance) in parents of 2-year-old children who had accepted at least one vaccine for their child (n = 6125). The findings show that 83% of parents trust doctors for vaccine information; 70-80% trust pharmacists, PMH, nurses and HC/PHAC; 34% trust family and 23% trust friends and CAM HCPs. However, parents found to have poor or moderate KAB were less likely to trust doctors, nurses, pharmacists, PMH and HC/PHAC. Parents were also less likely to trust the PMH or HC/PHAC if they had high school education or less or trade/college education, or were widowed, separated, or divorced. Parents who had never been reluctant to vaccinate their 2-year-old child were over 2 times more likely to trust doctors, nurses, pharmacists, PMH and HC/PHAC while parents who trusted family and friends were less likely to delay or refuse vaccines. There was also significant regional variation within Canada, with parents from Quebec most likely to trust doctors, nurses, pharmacists, friends, PMH and HC/PHAC. Parents from the Territories were less likely to trust doctors, nurses and pharmacists, but more likely to trust family. Parents were less likely to trust doctors if they were from the Prairies, and pharmacists if they were from BC, and parents from the Prairies and BC were less likely to trust HC/PHAC. Parents from Ontario were less likely to trust family or friends, but more likely to trust the PMH. Tailored vaccine campaigns are needed to account for educational, marital, and regional differences across Canada to improve vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Schellenberg N
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Dietrich Leurer M
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Petrucka P
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Crizzle Am
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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Xu J, Cui Y, Huang C, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Fan L, Li G, Jiang F. Prevalence and factors associated with pentavalent vaccination: a cross-sectional study in Southern China. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:84. [PMID: 37715293 PMCID: PMC10502987 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunization is one of the most far-reaching and cost-effective strategies for promoting good health and saving lives. A complex immunization schedule, however, may be burdensome to parents and lead to reduced vaccine compliance and completion. Thus, it is critical to develop combination vaccines to reduce the number of injections and simplify the immunization schedule. This study aimed to investigate the current status of the pentavalent diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis inactivated poliomyelitis and Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate (DTaP-IPV/Hib) vaccination in Southern China as well as explore the factors in the general population associated with uptake and the differences between urban and rural populations. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with recently enrolled kindergarten students in Hainan Province between December 2022 and January 2023. The study employed a stratified multistage cluster random sampling method. Information regarding the demographic characteristics and factors that influence decisions were collected from the caregivers of children via an online questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with the status of DTap-IPV/Hib vaccinations. RESULTS Of the 4818 valid responses, 95.3% of children were aged 3-4 years, and 2856 (59.3%) held rural hukou. Coverage rates of the DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine, from 1 to 4 doses, were 24.4%, 20.7%, 18.5%, and 16.0%, respectively. Caregivers who are concerned about vaccine efficacy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30-1.79], the manufacturer (aOR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.69-2.49), and a simple immunization schedule (aOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04-1.54) are factors associated with a higher likelihood of vaccinating children against DTaP-IPV/Hib. In addition, caregivers in urban areas showed more concern about the vaccine price (P = 0.010) and immunization schedule (P = 0.022) in regard to vaccinating children. CONCLUSIONS The DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine coverage rate in Hainan Province remains low. Factors such as lower socioeconomic status, cultural beliefs, concerns about vaccine safety, and cost may hinder caregivers from vaccinating their children. Further measures, such as health education campaigns to raise knowledge and awareness, and encouragement of domestic vaccine innovation, which would reduce out-of-pocket costs, could be implemented to improve the coverage of DTap-IPV/Hib vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chong Qing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Cui
- China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuican Huang
- Department of Child Health Care, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dong
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chong Qing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Child Health Advocacy Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunting Zhang
- Child Health Advocacy Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lichun Fan
- Department of Child Health Care, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Guohong Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chong Qing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chong Qing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Hijazi R, Gesser-Edelsburg A, Mesch GS. The Common Way in Which the Ministry of Health Conveys Information to the Public: A Simulation Among Israeli Parents with Different Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding Vaccination During a Measles Outbreak in Israel. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e451. [PMID: 37580996 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite several empirical studies that have emphasized the problematic and ineffective way in which health organizations 'correct' information which does not come from them, they have not yet found ways to properly address vaccine hesitancy. OBJECTIVES (1) Examining the responses of groups with different attitudes/ behaviors regarding vaccination; (2) Examining the effect of the common methods of correcting information regarding the response of subgroups, while examining issues of reliability, satisfaction, and information seeking, as well as how health organization tools aid the decision-making process regarding vaccines. METHODS A simulation study that included 150 parents of kindergarten children was carried out. RESULTS Significant difference was found among the various groups (with respect to vaccination behavior) regarding the extent of their trust in the Ministry of Health (χ2(3) = 46.33; P < 0.0001), the reliability of the Ministry of Health's response (χ2(3) = 31.56; P < 0.0001), satisfaction with the Ministry of Health's response (χ2(3) = 25.25; P < 0.0001), and the level of help they felt the Ministry of Health's tools provided them regarding vaccine-related decision making (χ2(3) = 27.76; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION It is important for health organizations to gain the public's trust, especially that of pro-vaccination groups with hesitant attitudes, while addressing the public's fears and concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Hijazi
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anat Gesser-Edelsburg
- Health Promotion Program, School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
- Health and Risk Communication Lab, School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gustavo S Mesch
- Department of Sociology, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
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10
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Karlsson LC, Garrison A, Holford D, Fasce A, Lewandowsky S, Taubert F, Schmid P, Betsch C, Rodrigues F, Fressard L, Verger P, Soveri A. Healthcare professionals' attitudes to mandatory COVID-19 vaccination: Cross-sectional survey data from four European countries. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2256442. [PMID: 37724556 PMCID: PMC10512846 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2256442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mandatory vaccinations are widely debated since they restrict individuals' autonomy in their health decisions. As healthcare professionals (HCPs) are a common target group of vaccine mandates, and also form a link between vaccination policies and the public, understanding their attitudes toward vaccine mandates is important. The present study investigated physicians' attitudes to COVID-19 vaccine mandates in four European countries: Finland, France, Germany, and Portugal. An electronic survey assessing attitudes to COVID-19 vaccine mandates and general vaccination attitudes (e.g. perceived vaccine safety, trust in health authorities, and openness to patients) was sent to physicians in the spring of 2022. A total of 2796 physicians responded. Across all countries, 78% of the physicians were in favor of COVID-19 vaccine mandates for HCPs, 49% favored COVID-19 vaccine mandates for the public, and 67% endorsed COVID-19 health passes. Notable differences were observed between countries, with attitudes to mandates found to be more positive in countries where the mandate, or similar mandates, were in effect. The associations between attitudes to mandates and general vaccination attitudes were mostly small to neglectable and differed between countries. Nevertheless, physicians with more positive mandate attitudes perceived vaccines as more beneficial (in Finland and France) and had greater trust in medical authorities (in France and Germany). The present study contributes to the body of research within social and behavioral sciences that support evidence-based vaccination policymaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda C. Karlsson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Amanda Garrison
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (Observatoire Régional de la Santé, ORS-PACA), Marseille, France
| | - Dawn Holford
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Angelo Fasce
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Stephan Lewandowsky
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Frederike Taubert
- Institute for Planetary Health Behavior, Health Communication, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Health Communication Working Group, Implementation Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Schmid
- Institute for Planetary Health Behavior, Health Communication, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Health Communication Working Group, Implementation Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia Betsch
- Institute for Planetary Health Behavior, Health Communication, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Health Communication Working Group, Implementation Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Fressard
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (Observatoire Régional de la Santé, ORS-PACA), Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Verger
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (Observatoire Régional de la Santé, ORS-PACA), Marseille, France
| | - Anna Soveri
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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11
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Sullivan P, Starr V, Dubois E, Starr A, Acharibasam JB, McIlduff C. Where past meets present: Indigenous vaccine hesitancy in Saskatchewan. MEDICAL HUMANITIES 2023; 49:321-331. [PMID: 36604166 PMCID: PMC10439261 DOI: 10.1136/medhum-2022-012501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In Canada, colonisation, both historic and ongoing, increases Indigenous vaccine hesitancy and the threat posed by infectious diseases. This research investigated Indigenous vaccine hesitancy in a First Nation community in Saskatchewan, ways it can be overcome, and the influence of a colonial history as well as modernity. Research followed Indigenous research methodologies, a community-based participatory research design, and used mixed methods. Social media posts (interventions) were piloted on a community Facebook page in January and February (2022). These interventions tested different messaging techniques in a search for effective strategies. The analysis that followed compared the number of likes and views of the different techniques to each other, a control post, and community-developed posts implemented by the community's pandemic response team. At the end of the research, a sharing circle occurred and was followed by culturally appropriate data analysis (Nanâtawihowin Âcimowina Kika-Môsahkinikêhk Papiskîci-Itascikêwin Astâcikowina procedure). Results demonstrated the importance of exploring an Indigenous community's self-determined solution, at the very least, alongside the exploration of external solutions. Further, some sources of vaccine hesitancy, such as cultural barriers, can also be used to promote vaccine confidence. When attempting to overcome barriers, empathy is crucial as vaccine fears exist, and antivaccine groups are prepared to take advantage of empathetic failures. Additionally, the wider community has a powerful influence on vaccine confidence. Messaging, therefore, should avoid polarising vaccine-confident and vaccine-hesitant people to the point where the benefits of community influence are limited. Finally, you need to understand people and their beliefs to understand how to overcome hesitancy. To gain this understanding, there is no substitute for listening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Sullivan
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Victor Starr
- Kihew Kawaskasit Health Services, Star Blanket Cree Nation, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ethel Dubois
- Star Blanket Cree Nation, Star Blanket Cree Nation, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Alyssa Starr
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Cari McIlduff
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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12
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Abdulaziz HMM, Saleh MA, Elrggal ME, Omar ME, Hawash SA, Attiya AMN, Salem KM, Sabry AAA. Egyptian hemodialysis patients' willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose: a multicenter survey. J Nephrol 2023; 36:1329-1340. [PMID: 36862285 PMCID: PMC9979119 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01586-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health authorities have struggled to increase vaccination uptake since the COVID-19 vaccines became available. However, there have been increasing concerns about declining immunity after the initial COVID-19 vaccination with the emergence of new variants. Booster doses were implemented as a complementary policy to increase protection against COVID-19. Egyptian hemodialysis (HD) patients have shown a high rate of hesitancy to COVID-19 primary vaccination, yet their willingness to receive booster doses is unknown. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy and its associated factors in Egyptian HD patients. METHODS A face-to-face interview was conducted with closed-ended questionnaires distributed to healthcare workers in seven Egyptian HD centers, mainly located in three Egyptian governorates, between the 7th of March and the 7th of April 2022. RESULTS Among 691 chronic HD patients, 49.3% (n = 341) were willing to take the booster dose. The main reason for booster hesitancy was the opinion that a booster dose is unnecessary (n = 83, 44.9%). Booster vaccine hesitancy was associated with female gender, younger age, being single, Alexandria and urban residency, the use of a tunneled dialysis catheter, not being fully vaccinated against COVID-19. Odds of booster hesitancy were higher among participants who did not receive full COVID-19 vaccination and among those who were not planning to take the influenza vaccine (10.8 and 4.2, respectively). CONCLUSION COVID-19 booster-dose hesitancy among HD patients in Egypt represents a major concern, is associated with vaccine hesitancy with respect to other vaccines and emphasizes the need to develop effective strategies to increase vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Mahmoud Mohammad Abdulaziz
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (MNDU), Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Ahmed Saleh
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (MNDU), Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Essam Elrggal
- Kidney and Urology Center, Alexandria, Egypt
- Nephrology department, AlQabbary Specialty Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mariam E Omar
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria Main University Hospital (AMUH), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | - Karem Mohamed Salem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Alaa Abdel-Aziz Sabry
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (MNDU), Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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13
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Jin R, Lim HJ, Hamilton S, Ingledew PA. Viral Disease Goes Viral: Characterizing How Cancer Patients Use Internet Resources for COVID-19 Information. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:431-439. [PMID: 35022989 PMCID: PMC8755408 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-022-02136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the usage of Internet resources for COVID-19 information among cancer patients. Specifically, to understand where patients are seeking information, what topics are most frequently searched, and how physicians and web developers can improve clinical conversations and digital resources, respectively, to support cancer patients' needs. From May to June 2021, cancer patients who were attending follow-up at a tertiary cancer center completed a survey consisting of 28 closed and open-ended questions. Quantitative results were evaluated using descriptive statistics and qualitative responses were evaluated using a grounded-theory approach. Fifty-seven surveys were distributed, and fifty-two surveys were received (91% response rate). The majority of respondents (96%) were Internet users. Seventy percent used the Internet as a source of information about COVID-19 and cancer personally, with another 15% reporting that friends and family accessed online information on their behalf. The vast majority used Google as their choice of search engine, with COVID-19 rates and vaccine information being the most frequently searched topics. Three quarters (74%) considered Internet information easy to understand, and 90% stated that the Internet increased their understanding of COVID-19 and cancer. Only 15% of patients had been recommended online resource(s) by a physician, yet 100% of those patients found the physician-recommended sites useful. Most cancer patients use the Internet to search for COVID-19 information. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) should help guide patients towards credible online sources and address knowledge gaps to improve physician-patient communication and support educational needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijia Jin
- Faculty of Medicine, MD Undergraduate Program, University of British Columbia, 317-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Howard J Lim
- Medical Oncology, Vancouver Centre, BC Cancer Agency, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Sarah Hamilton
- Radiation Oncology, Vancouver Centre, BC Cancer Agency, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Paris-Ann Ingledew
- Radiation Oncology, Vancouver Centre, BC Cancer Agency, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, V5Z 4E6, Canada.
- Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, V5Z 1M9, Canada.
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14
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Durmuş Sarıkahya S, Güden E, Sümeyye Yorulmaz D. Childhood vaccine hesitancy in two regions with different socioeconomic backgrounds in Turkey. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-10. [PMID: 36855466 PMCID: PMC9948781 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Aim This study investigated childhood vaccine hesitancy in two regions with different socioeconomic backgrounds in Kayseri, Turkey. Subject and methods The study population consisted of all people over 18 years of age admitted to two family health centers (No 65 and 103) in a city center for any reason. Results Participants living in the high socioeconomic status (SES) region had a significantly lower mean rating on the CVHQ (Childhood Vaccine Hesitancy Questionnaire - see below) than those living in the low SES region. Conclusion Vaccine hesitancy is the main reason for vaccine refusal. Therefore, authorities should provide adequate and accurate information about the significance of vaccines to raise public awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emel Güden
- Kayseri Provincial Health Directorate, AR-GE Project Management and Consultancy Unit, Kayseri, Türkiye
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15
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COVID-19 vaccine uptake and vaccine hesitancy in rural-to-urban migrant workers at the first round of COVID-19 vaccination in China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:139. [PMID: 36658507 PMCID: PMC9851897 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15068-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migration can be linked to the transmission of COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy among rural-to-urban migrant workers in China, the largest group of internal migrants in the world, has not been characterized. OBJECTIVE To investigate COVID-19 vaccine uptake and identify vaccine hesitancy-associated factors among rural-to-urban migrant workers in the first round of COVID-19 vaccination in China. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted, including 14,917 participants. Socio-demographics, COVID-19 vaccine uptake, vaccine hesitancy and its associated factors based on Vaccine Hesitancy Determinants Matrix (VHDM) were applied for the survey. Data were principally analyzed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The COVID-19 vaccine uptake and vaccine hesitancy rates were 7.1% and 57.7%, respectively. Vaccine hesitancy was strongly associated with VHDM, including individual factors (female, higher annual income and fewer medical knowledge), group factors (less family support, friend support and public opinion support), COVID-19 epidemic factors (lower fatality, infection and emotional distress) and vaccine factors (less vaccine necessity, vaccine safety, vaccine efficacy, vaccine importance and vaccine reliability). CONCLUSION The VHDM model has the potential utility in efforts to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Greater efforts should be put into addressing positive predictors associated with vaccine hesitancy.
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16
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Garrison A, Karlsson L, Fressard L, Fasce A, Rodrigues F, Schmid P, Taubert F, Holford D, Lewandowsky S, Nynäs P, Anderson EC, Gagneur A, Dubé E, Soveri A, Verger P. International adaptation and validation of the Pro-VC-Be: measuring the psychosocial determinants of vaccine confidence in healthcare professionals in European countries. Expert Rev Vaccines 2023; 22:726-737. [PMID: 37507356 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2242479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare professionals (HCPs) play an important role in vaccination; those with low confidence in vaccines are less likely to recommend them to their patients and to be vaccinated themselves. The study's purpose was to adapt and validate long- and short-form versions of the International Professionals' Vaccine Confidence and Behaviors (I-Pro-VC-Be) questionnaire to measure psychosocial determinants of HCPs' vaccine confidence and their associations with vaccination behaviors in European countries. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS After the original French-language Pro-VC-Be was culturally adapted and translated, HCPs involved in vaccination (mainly GPs and pediatricians) across Germany, Finland, France, and Portugal completed a cross-sectional online survey in 2022. A 10-factor multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) of the long-form (10 factors comprising 34 items) tested for measurement invariance across countries. Modified multiple Poisson regressions tested the criterion validity of both versions. RESULTS 2,748 HCPs participated. The 10-factor structure fit was acceptable to good everywhere. The final MG-CFA model confirmed strong factorial invariance and showed very good fit. The long- and short-form I-Pro-VC-Be had good criterion validity with vaccination behaviors. CONCLUSION This study validates the I-Pro-VC-Be among HCPs in four European countries; including long- and short-form tools for use in research and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Garrison
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales Et Paramédicales, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (Observatoire Régional de la Santé, ORS) PACA, Marseille, France
| | - Linda Karlsson
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lisa Fressard
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales Et Paramédicales, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (Observatoire Régional de la Santé, ORS) PACA, Marseille, France
| | - Angelo Fasce
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Philipp Schmid
- Institute for Planetary Health Behaviour, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Health Communication, Department of Implementation Research, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederike Taubert
- Institute for Planetary Health Behaviour, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Health Communication, Department of Implementation Research, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dawn Holford
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephan Lewandowsky
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Peter Nynäs
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Arnaud Gagneur
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Eve Dubé
- Département d'anthropologie, Faculté des Sciences Sociales, Université Laval, Laval, Canada
| | - Anna Soveri
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pierre Verger
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales Et Paramédicales, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (Observatoire Régional de la Santé, ORS) PACA, Marseille, France
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17
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What Motivates People to Receive Continuous COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Shots? An Expectation Confirmation Theory Perspective. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122535. [PMID: 36554059 PMCID: PMC9778727 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Abundant evidence has shown that the COVID-19 vaccine booster is highly effective against the Omicron variant. It is of great practical significance to explore the factors influencing the intention to receive COVID-19 booster shots. (2) Methods: We introduced expectation confirmation theory as the basis to construct a model of the factors of the vaccination intention for COVID-19 vaccine boosters. We obtained two batches of questionnaires through Chinese social platforms, with a valid sample size of 572. To test the model, we used SmartPLS3.0 software for empirical analysis. (3) Results: In terms of the characteristics of the vaccine itself, perceived vaccine efficacy and perceived vaccine safety had significant positive effects on expectation confirmation. Regarding vaccination services, perceived vaccination convenience also had a significant positive effect on expectation confirmation. Expectation confirmation positively affected the vaccination intention for the COVID-19 vaccine boosters. Furthermore, the results showed two moderating effects: first, health consciousness negatively moderated the positive effect of perceived vaccine safety on expectation confirmation; second, the time interval since the last dose negatively moderated the positive effect of perceived vaccine efficacy on expectation confirmation. (4) Conclusions: Our research demonstrated that there is an expectation confirmation process for previous COVID-19 vaccines before people consider whether to obtain a booster shot. Perceived vaccine efficacy and perceived vaccine safety remained important factors in receiving COVID-19 booster shots, and our conclusions were consistent with previous literature. In this study, multiple dimensions such as distance and cost were used to measure perceived vaccination convenience. This new variable improve the explanatory power of the convenience of the vaccination service and enrich the variables of the factor model of vaccination intention. In addition, the moderating effects of health consciousness and time interval were found. The findings can provide a theoretical reference for public health institutions to help them understand the formation process of people's intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine booster.
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18
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A Descriptive Analysis of the Relationship between Social Media Use and Vaccine Hesitancy among a Sample of Unvaccinated Adults in Canada. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122096. [PMID: 36560506 PMCID: PMC9785008 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Both traditional and social media information sources have disseminated information on the COVID-19 pandemic. The content shared may influence public opinion on different mitigation strategies, including vaccination. Misinformation can alter risk perception and increase vaccine hesitancy. This study aimed to explore the impact of using social media as the primary information source about the COVID-19 vaccine on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among people living in Canada. Secondary objectives identified other predictors of vaccine hesitancy and distinguished the effects of using traditional and social media sources. We used quota sampling of adults in Canada [N = 985] to conduct an online survey on the Pollfish survey platform between 21st and 28th May 2021. We then used bivariate chi-squared tests and multivariable logistic regression modeling to explore the associations between using social media as one's primary source of information about the COVID-19 vaccine and vaccine hesitancy. We further analyzed the association between specific types of channels of information and vaccine hesitancy. After controlling for covariates such as age, sex, race, and ethnicity, individuals reporting social media as their primary source of COVID-19 vaccine information versus those who had not used social media as their primary source of COVID-19 vaccine information had 50% higher odds of vaccine hesitancy. Among different channels of information, we found that information from television was associated with a 40% lower odds ratio for vaccine hesitancy. Since social media platforms play an essential role in influencing hesitancy in taking the COVID-19 vaccination, it is necessary to improve the quality of social media information sources and raise people's trust in information. Meanwhile, traditional media channels, such as television, are still crucial for promoting vaccination programs.
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19
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Poghosyan H, Ni Z, Vlahov D, Nelson L, Nam S. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Medicare Beneficiaries with and Without Cancer History: A US Population-based Study. J Community Health 2022; 48:315-324. [PMID: 36427111 PMCID: PMC9702715 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-022-01174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Medicare beneficiaries is critical for increasing COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the US. This study aimed to estimate and compare the vaccine hesitancy rate among community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries with and without cancer history, also to investigate factors associated with vaccine hesitancy during the first four months after COVID-19 vaccine became available. We used population-based, cross-sectional data on 3,034 community-living Medicare beneficiaries from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey COVID-19 Winter 2021 Supplement. Sample weights were applied to account for the complex survey design with results generalizable to 16.4 million Medicare beneficiaries. Weighted multivariable logistic regression model was conducted to investigate the association between cancer history and vaccine hesitancy adjusting for covariates. A total of 39.6% were hesitant about getting COVID-19 vaccine. Those with cancer history were significantly less likely to be hesitant to get vaccinated than those without cancer history (adjusted odds ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval: 0.64, 0.99, p = .050). The most common reason for being hesitant to get COVID-19 vaccine was that the vaccine could have side effects or was viewed as not safe (19.2%), followed by not trusting what government says about vaccine (11.4%). Those with cancer history were more likely to report ongoing health conditions, lack of recommendation from a doctor, and doctor recommending against COVID-19 vaccination as reasons for not getting the vaccine compared to participants without cancer history. Increasing the confidence and knowledge about vaccine benefits among high-risk and more hesitant individuals are urgently needed to increase the vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermine Poghosyan
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- COPPER Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Zhao Ni
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Vlahov
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - LaRon Nelson
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Soohyun Nam
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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20
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Han K, Hou Z, Tu S, Wang Q, Hu S, Xing Y, Du J, Zang S, Chantler T, Larson H. Childhood Influenza Vaccination and Its Determinants during 2020-2021 Flu Seasons in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10121994. [PMID: 36560404 PMCID: PMC9783337 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10121994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Young children aged 6−59 months are recommended as one of the priority groups for seasonal influenza vaccination in China. This study assessed influenza vaccination coverage and the factors associated with vaccination uptake among children in three Chinese provinces. In September 2021, 2081 caregivers with children <5 years completed self-administered questionnaires as part of a cross-sectional survey. Logistic regression was used to assess determinants of childhood influenza vaccination. A total of 43.63% of respondents reported vaccinating their children against influenza during the 2020−2021 flu season. Caregivers who lived in Anhui province, had a bachelor degree or above, and an annual household income <20,000 RMB were more likely to vaccinate their children against influenza. Confidence in the importance (OR: 2.50; 95%CI: 1.77−3.54), safety (OR: 1.60; 95%CI: 1.29−1.99), and effectiveness (OR: 1.54; 95%CI: 1.23−1.93) of influenza vaccine was significantly associated with childhood vaccine acceptance. Respondents who saw that other caregivers were vaccinating their children had significantly higher odds of vaccinating their own children. Caregivers’ receiving positive influence from healthcare workers (OR: 1.33; 95%CI: 1.00−1.77), family members, or friends (OR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.14−1.49) were also significantly associated with childhood influenza vaccination. Poor access, including conflicts between caregivers’ availability and vaccination service schedules and inconvenient transportation to the vaccination site were negatively associated with childhood flu vaccination. To promote childhood influenza vaccination, public health information campaigns need to target wealthier and less educated caregivers to enhance caregivers’ confidence in influenza vaccination. Targeted interventions are also needed to optimize access to vaccination services, including extending vaccination service hours and increasing the number of vaccination sites close to residential areas. Interventions are also needed to encourage primary care providers to play a greater role in promoting vaccination. Finally, the dissemination of related information and the public response need to be monitored for the timely understanding of public perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyi Han
- School of Public and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Zhiyuan Hou
- School of Public and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Shiyi Tu
- School of Public and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Public and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Simeng Hu
- School of Public and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuting Xing
- School of Public and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Du
- School of Public and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shujie Zang
- School of Public and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tracey Chantler
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Heidi Larson
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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21
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Al-Shaikh A, Mahmoud RI, Boukerdenna H, Muthu N, Aidyralieva C, Bellizzi S. Counselling of non-communicable diseases' patients for COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Jordan: Evaluating the intervention. Vaccine 2022; 40:6658-6663. [PMID: 36216648 PMCID: PMC9527223 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are at a significantly higher risk of worst outcomes if infected with COVID-19 and thus amongst the main target population for vaccination. Despite prioritizing them for vaccination, the number of vaccinated patients with comorbidities stalled post vaccine introduction. Despite that the government along with partners ran a national awareness campaign to ramp up vaccination coverage, the coverage remained suboptimal. Thus, a one-to-one health counselling initiative was implemented to explore the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines by the NCDs patients and address the main issues surrounding vaccine hesitancy. This study evaluates the impact of this intervention by analyzing the change in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. METHODS In this analytical observational study, a random sample of 57,794 people living with NCDs were approached. Out of them, 12,144 received one-to-one counselling by a group of trained health professionals. The counselled group's vaccine acceptance was assessed on a Likert scale from 1 to 5 pre- and post- counselling. Moreover, a random sample was followed up 2 months after initial counselling to measure their vaccine acceptance and update their vaccination status. RESULTS 44.5% of total respondents were already registered in the vaccination platform. On a scale from 1 to 5, the overall mean confidence significantly increased by 1.63 from 2.48 pre-counselling to 4.11 post-counselling. Two-months post counselling, a random sample was contacted again and had a mean vaccine confidence of 3.71, which is significantly higher than pre-counselling confidence level despite a significant decrease to post-counselling results. DISCUSSION Implementing an intervention that targets all key factors impacting health decisions, such as health literacy, risk appraisal and response efficacy, helps reach an adaptive response and increase vaccine confidence. Scholars should be cautious when implementing an intervention since it could lead to maladaptive defensive responses. One-to-one interventions are more effective in population when addressing new interventions and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala'a Al-Shaikh
- WHO Country Office for Jordan, Amman, Jordan,Corresponding author at: Expanded Programme on Immunization Officer, WHO Country Office for Jordan, Amman 11623, Jordan
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22
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Li PC, Theis SR, Kelly D, Ocampo T, Berglund A, Morgan D, Markert R, Fisher E, Burtson K. Impact of an Education Intervention on COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in a Military Base Population. Mil Med 2022; 187:e1449-e1455. [PMID: 34557913 PMCID: PMC8500140 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usab363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy is a major impediment to achieving herd immunity and overcoming the current pandemic. Our aim was to decrease the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy through an education intervention. METHOD An education intervention, consisting of a PowerPoint presentation addressing the two mRNA COVID-19 vaccine concerns/myths and a question and answer panel comprising health care providers from various specialties, was implemented to address vaccine hesitancy among personnel associated with Wright-Patterson Air Force Base through a series of virtual and in-person seminars. Participants completed a post-seminar survey as a retrospective self-assessment to identify attitudes and views surrounding vaccine hesitancy and the impact of the education intervention. Chi-squared test was used to examine relationships between categorical variables, and multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for vaccine hesitancy pre- and post-seminar. All analyses were done using SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY). Institutional Review Board approval was not obtained before this study as it began as a non-research initiative and received non-research determination post hoc. RESULTS Five hundred participants completed the survey. Mean age was 44.7 years with 13.4 and 86.6% medical and non-medical personnel, respectively. Nearly all (98.8%) had not received their first shot of the vaccine series. 402 (80.9%) were receptive to vaccination, and 95 (19.1%) were hesitant post-seminar. Of the 139 participants who reported they were initially hesitant after our intervention, 50 (36%) indicated that they were now receptive to the vaccine, while 89 (64%) remained hesitant. Of those 50, 48 (96%) had moderate to great amount of trust in COVID-19 vaccine information presented by physicians/other providers. Six respondents who wanted the vaccine before the intervention no longer wanted the vaccine. A medical occupation (OR = 4.85, 95% CI = 2.63-8.96, P < .001), little or no trust in COVID-19 vaccine information from physicians/other providers (OR = 19.48, 95% CI = 7.31-51.90, P < 0.001), and being age 30 or younger (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.02-3.2, P = 0.041) were independent predictors of vaccine hesitancy. Trust in providers was a significant factor in change of intent from vaccine hesitant to receptive post-intervention (OR 0.13, 95% CI = 0.03-0.59, P = .008). Age and occupation were not significant factors associated with change in intent. CONCLUSION Our education intervention was effective in reducing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a military base population. Study limitations include applications toward other military and non-military populations, the possibility of nonresponse bias, and absence of prior validated interventions. Area for future studies includes improvement upon educational intervention, development of other effective methods, and application of intervention in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Li
- USAF Internal Medicine, Wright-Patterson Medical Center, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Samuel R Theis
- USAF Internal Medicine, Wright-Patterson Medical Center, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Devin Kelly
- USAF Internal Medicine, Wright-Patterson Medical Center, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA
| | - Thad Ocampo
- USAF Internal Medicine, Wright-Patterson Medical Center, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA
| | - Andrew Berglund
- USAF Internal Medicine, Wright-Patterson Medical Center, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA
| | - Damien Morgan
- USAF Internal Medicine, Wright-Patterson Medical Center, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA
| | - Ronald Markert
- Department of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45409, USA
| | - Evan Fisher
- USAF Internal Medicine, Wright-Patterson Medical Center, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA
| | - Kathryn Burtson
- USAF Internal Medicine, Wright-Patterson Medical Center, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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23
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Potgieter N, Kimmie-Dhansay F, Meyer A, Marais S, Mansoor I, Mkololo Y, Maakana M, Mhlongo S, Makhoba S, Mhlanga S. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its drivers among dental students at University of the Western Cape, South Africa. Health SA 2022; 27:1950. [PMID: 36337444 PMCID: PMC9634658 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy has seen an uprising over the decades, even though there have been many advances regarding vaccine-preventable diseases. Of late, vaccine hesitancy has resurged towards the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has major effects on the human body and has led to the development of different vaccines, which have been shown to provide immunity against the novel coronavirus. Dentists are at an increased risk to COVID-19 because of the nature of their work. It is imperative to have high vaccination coverage for this group. AIM The aim of this study is to determine vaccine hesitancy and drivers associated with vaccine hesitancy among dental students at a university in South Africa. SETTING A dental school in South Africa was chosen as the setting for this study. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted by means of an anonymous, online, validated questionnaire to determine vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS Of the 205 dental students participated, 83.9% (n = 172) students were vaccine not hesitant. The main concerns regarding the vaccines were identified as safety and efficacy of the vaccine. Pressure by family or friends and the university to get vaccinated was evident. CONCLUSIONS Vaccine hesitancy is high despite mandatory vaccination policies in South Africa. Specific drivers contributing to vaccine hesitancy were identified as doubt in the efficacy and safety of the vaccine. CONTRIBUTION This study has highlighted the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among dental students at University of the Western Cape, prior to compulsory vacccination implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoline Potgieter
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Faheema Kimmie-Dhansay
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ané Meyer
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Savannah Marais
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ismail Mansoor
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Yonela Mkololo
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Masingita Maakana
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sisipho Mhlongo
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sinenhlanhla Makhoba
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shalom Mhlanga
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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24
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Preventable Disease, the Case of Colorado: School District Demographics and Childhood Immunizations. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101579. [PMID: 36298445 PMCID: PMC9607491 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of selected sociodemographic factors on childhood vaccination hesitancy and to define their role according to specific exemptions. This population-based cohort study utilized vaccination rate and sociodemographic data from 1st to 12th grade from 2017 to 2021 for all school districts in Colorado. Data included immunization status and exemptions for each vaccine, race, ethnicity, and free and reduced meal status. Data were evaluated through dimensional analysis and Generalized Linear Mixed Models. School districts with a higher representation of White students had lower immunization rates and use more personal exemptions while school districts with larger Hispanic populations and higher proportions of free and reduced lunches had higher vaccination rates and used more religious exemptions. Black and Pacific Islander populations had higher rates of incomplete vaccination records while Asian American population displayed increased vaccination compliance. Colorado is a robust example of how socioeconomic and cultural differences are important factors with a direct influence on vaccination rates. Future childhood vaccination campaigns and legislation should consider complex socioeconomic and cultural factors.
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25
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Lamot M, Kerman K, Kirbiš A. Distrustful, Dissatisfied, and Conspiratorial: A Latent Profile Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination Rejection. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10096. [PMID: 36011731 PMCID: PMC9408605 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Trust in science and scientists, satisfaction with the national government, and endorsement of conspiracy theories are important factors in the decision to be vaccinated. In this study, we investigated whether there are different profiles of individuals depending on the above factors and whether they differ in their sociodemographic composition. We used data from Round 10 of the European Social Survey for Slovenia, employing a nationally representative sample of 1252 participants. Based on latent profile analysis, three distinct profiles emerged: Profile 1 expressed moderate trust in science, satisfaction with government, and high endorsement of conspiracies; Profile 2 expressed low trust and satisfaction and moderate endorsement of conspiracies; Profile 3 expressed high trust and satisfaction and low beliefs in conspiracy theories. In addition, Profile 3 expressed the strongest support for vaccination and Profile 2 the lowest. Our results suggest that distrust, dissatisfaction, and the presence of conspiracy theories are the "perfect storm" for vaccination rejection. In contrast, despite conspiracy theories, a certain level of trust and satisfaction may reduce vaccination rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lamot
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Katja Kerman
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Kirbiš
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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26
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Zhang R, Qiao S, McKeever BW, Olatosi B, Li X. Listening to Voices from African American Communities in the Southern States about COVID-19 Vaccine Information and Communication: A Qualitative Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10071046. [PMID: 35891210 PMCID: PMC9319640 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The high uptake of COVID-19 vaccines is one of the most promising measures to control the pandemic. However, some African American (AA) communities exhibit vaccination hesitancy due to mis- or disinformation. It is important to understand the challenges in accessing reliable COVID-19 vaccine information and to develop feasible health communication interventions based on voices from AA communities. We conducted 2 focus group discussions (FGDs) among 18 community stakeholders recruited from 3 counties in South Carolina on 8 October and 29 October 2021. The FGDs were conducted online via Zoom meetings. The FGD data were managed and thematically analyzed using NVivo 12. Participants worked primarily in colleges, churches, and health agencies. We found that the challenges of accessing reliable vaccine information in AA communities primarily included structural barriers, information barriers, and a lack of trust. Community stakeholders recommended recruiting trusted messengers, using social events to reach target populations, and conducting health communication campaigns through open dialogue among stakeholders. Health communication interventions directed at COVID-19 vaccine uptake should be grounded in ongoing community engagement, trust-building activities, and transparent communication about vaccine development. Tailoring health communication interventions to different groups may help reduce misinformation spread and thus promote vaccination in AA communities in the southern states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Department of Health Promotion Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (R.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Shan Qiao
- Department of Health Promotion Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (R.Z.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-803-777-6844
| | - Brooke W. McKeever
- School of Journalism and Mass Communications, College of Information and Communications, Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
| | - Bankole Olatosi
- Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Health Promotion Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (R.Z.); (X.L.)
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27
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Wong WHS, So HK, Rosa Duque JS, Tso WWY, Chong PCY, Kwan MYW, Lau YL. Impact of a focus education in Zoom on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Hong Kong parents of the preschoolers. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2081460. [PMID: 35671466 PMCID: PMC9621011 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2081460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental vaccine hesitancy is a major barrier to achieving high vaccination uptake among children, particularly in young children during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Developing herd immunity is a critical concept for overcoming the current pandemic. The purpose of this study is to reduce parental vaccine hesitancy through a focused educational seminar in ZOOM and to empower parents who are concerned about vaccinating their children to communicate with medical experts during live seminars. Parents of preschoolers, teachers, and kindergarten principals from three local pre-school education and services associations attended live seminars. After attending seminars, parental willingness to vaccinate their children increased by 65%. The live Zoom seminar led by medical experts resulted in a decrease in vaccine hesitancy. Our findings support the creation of seminars that allow clients and medical specialists to communicate directly with one another. Offering an open and honest forum for people to express their concerns to medical experts could be a useful strategy for dealing with not only vaccination apprehension, but also other health-related emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred Hing-Sang Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hung-Kwan So
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jaime S Rosa Duque
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Winnie Wan-Yee Tso
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Mike Yat-Wah Kwan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yu-Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Mann S, Christini K, Chai Y, Chang CP, Hashibe M, Kepka D. "Vaccine hesitancy and COVID-19 immunization among rural young adults". Prev Med Rep 2022; 28:101845. [PMID: 35669235 PMCID: PMC9159780 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rural young adults may be more averse to receiving a COVID-19 immunization than urban young adults. We aimed to assess differences in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for rural, compared with urban, young adults and characterize modifiable factors. This cross-sectional online survey collected demographic data, vaccination attitudes, and COVID-19 impacts from 2937 young adults, ages 18-26 years, across the western U.S. from October 2020 to April 2021. Rurality was determined by participants' zip code and classified using the rural and urban continuum codes (RUCC). Multivariable logistic regression described adjusted (age, gender, race and ethnicity, being a current student, and month of survey) odds of self-reported intent to receive the COVID-19 vaccination by rurality. Mediation analysis was used to decompose total effects into average direct effects and average causal mediation (indirect) effects. Rural participants had 40% lower odds than urban participants of intending to receive the COVID-19 vaccine after adjustments (adjusted odds ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.50-0.76]). The direct effect remained (P<0.001), but was mediated by both education (8.3%, P<0.001) and month in which the survey was taken (23.5%, P<0.001). We observed a divergence after December 2020 in vaccination intent between rural and urban young adults that widened over time. Hesitancy to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was greater among rural, compared with urban young adults, and grew disproportionally after December 2020. Mediation by whether one was a current student or not suggests differences in sources of information for vaccination decision-making, and highlights areas for addressing vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mann
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kaila Christini
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Corresponding author at: 2000 Circle of Hope, Rm 4144, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Yan Chai
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chun-Pin Chang
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Deanna Kepka
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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29
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Kacimi SEO, Klouche-Djedid SN, Riffi O, Belaouni HA, Yasmin F, Essar MY, Taouza FA, Belakhdar Y, Fellah SC, Benmelouka AY, Ahmed S, Aloulou M, Bendelhoum A, Merzouk H, Ghozy S, Shah J, Haireche MA. Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Engagement in Algeria: A Population-Based Study With Systematic Review of Studies From Arab Countries of the MENA Region. Front Public Health 2022; 10:843449. [PMID: 35712268 PMCID: PMC9196869 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Algerian COVID-19 vaccination campaign, which started at the end of January 2021, is marked by a slowly ascending curve despite the deployed resources. To tackle the issue, we assessed the levels and explored determinants of engagement toward the COVID-19 vaccine among the Algerian population. Methods A nationwide, online-based cross-sectional study was conducted between March 27 and April 30, 2021. A two-stage stratified snowball sampling method was used to include an equivalent number of participants from the four cardinal regions of the country. A vaccine engagement scale was developed, defining vaccine engagement as a multidimensional parameter (5 items) that combined self-stated acceptance and willingness with perceived safety and efficacy of the vaccine. An Engagement score was calculated and the median was used to define engagement vs. non-engagement. Sociodemographic and clinical data, perceptions about COVID-19, and levels of adherence to preventive measures were analyzed as predictors for non-engagement. Results We included 1,019 participants, 54% were female and 64% were aged 18-29 years. Overall, there were low rates of self-declared acceptance (26%) and willingness (21%) to take the vaccine, as well as low levels of agreement regarding vaccine safety (21%) and efficacy (30%). Thus, the vaccine engagement rate was estimated at 33.5%, and ranged between 29.6-38.5% depending on the region (p > 0.05). Non-engagement was independently associated with female gender (OR = 2.31, p < 0.001), low adherence level to preventive measures (OR = 6.93, p < 0.001), private-sector jobs (OR = 0.53, p = 0.038), perceived COVID-19 severity (OR = 0.66, p = 0.014), and fear from contracting the disease (OR = 0.56, p = 0.018). Concern about vaccine side effects (72.0%) and exigence for more efficacy and safety studies (48.3%) were the most commonly reported barrier and enabler for vaccine acceptance respectively; whereas beliefs in the conspiracy theory were reported by 23.4%. Conclusions The very low rates of vaccine engagement among the Algerian population probably explain the slow ascension of the vaccination curve in the country. Vaccine awareness campaigns should be implemented to address the multiple misconceptions and enhance the levels of knowledge and perception both about the disease and the vaccine, by prioritizing target populations and engaging both healthcare workers and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Omar Riffi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Hadj Ahmed Belaouni
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Farah Yasmin
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Saliha Chiboub Fellah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | | | | | | | - Abdellah Bendelhoum
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Hafida Merzouk
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Sherief Ghozy
- Neurovascular Research Lab, Radiology Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Science, Medical Science Division, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jaffer Shah
- Medical Research Center, Kateb University, Kabul, Afghanistan
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Hussain B, Latif A, Timmons S, Nkhoma K, Nellums LB. Overcoming COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among ethnic minorities: A systematic review of UK studies. Vaccine 2022; 40:3413-3432. [PMID: 35534309 PMCID: PMC9046074 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ethnic minority communities in the UK have been disproportionately affected by the pandemic, with increased risks of infection, severe disease, and death. Hesitancy around the COVID-19 vaccine may be contributing to disparities in vaccine delivery to ethnic minority communities. This systematic review aims to strengthen understanding of COVID-19 vaccine concerns among ethnic minorities in the UK. Five databases were searched in February 2022, yielding 24 peer-reviewed studies reporting on vaccine hesitancy or acceptance in ethnic minority groups. Data were extracted using a standardised form, and quality assessment was carried out using the Standard Quality Criteria. There were three key themes: (1). Prevalence of vaccine hesitancy; (2). Reasons for vaccine hesitancy and acceptance; and (3). Recommendations to address vaccine concerns. Vaccine hesitancy, which was more common among some ethnic minority groups, is a complex phenomenon, driven by misinformation, mistrust, concerns about safety and efficacy, and structural and systemic inequities. Community engagement and tailored communication may help to address vaccine concerns. Robust data disaggregated by ethnicities are needed to better understand barriers and facilitators for COVID-19 vaccine delivery in ethnic minority communities. Strategies to address structural disadvantage need to be inclusive, comprehensive, and behaviorally informed and foster confidence in healthcare systems and governments. Community leaders and health care practitioners may prove to be the most important agents in creating an environment of trust within ethnic minority groups.
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31
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Therapist disclosure to combat COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: a narrative review. J Behav Med 2022; 46:346-355. [PMID: 35355152 PMCID: PMC8967560 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019–2020 and the rapid development of vaccines to prevent this disease came a rise in interest around vaccine hesitancy. Naturally, methods of combatting vaccine hesitancy and increasing vaccination rates are of paramount importance. One such method is building upon the trust and openness of one’s relationship with their healthcare provider. Specifically, this paper examines how psychotherapist self-disclosure could facilitate effective health behaviors in patients, focusing on vaccines. Traditionally, mental health therapists have been encouraged to avoid self-disclosure of personal information due to the possibility of unbalancing or damaging the therapeutic relationship. However, research from medicine and other disciplines suggests that personal recommendation, self-disclosure of vaccination status, and expert encouragement may be effective methods of addressing vaccine hesitancy. In addition, recommendations for therapists in discussing vaccination and in working with vaccine-hesitant patients are provided.
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Patwary MM, Alam MA, Bardhan M, Disha AS, Haque MZ, Billah SM, Kabir MP, Browning MHEM, Rahman MM, Parsa AD, Kabir R. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:427. [PMID: 35335059 PMCID: PMC8950670 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Widespread vaccination against COVID-19 is critical for controlling the pandemic. Despite the development of safe and efficacious vaccinations, low-and lower-middle income countries (LMICs) continue to encounter barriers to care owing to inequitable access and vaccine apprehension. This study aimed to summarize the available data on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates and factors associated with acceptance in LMICs. A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception through August 2021. Quality assessments of the included studies were carried out using the eight-item Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate pooled acceptance rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 36 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. A total of 83,867 respondents from 33 countries were studied. Most of the studies were conducted in India (n = 9), Egypt (n = 6), Bangladesh (n = 4), or Nigeria (n = 4). The pooled-effect size of the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 58.5% (95% CI: 46.9, 69.7, I2 = 100%, 33 studies) and the pooled vaccine hesitancy rate was 38.2% (95% CI: 27.2-49.7, I2 = 100%, 32 studies). In country-specific sub-group analyses, India showed the highest rates of vaccine acceptancy (76.7%, 95% CI: 65.8-84.9%, I2= 98%), while Egypt showed the lowest rates of vaccine acceptancy (42.6%, 95% CI: 16.6-73.5%, I2= 98%). Being male and perceiving risk of COVID-19 infection were predictors for willingness to accept the vaccine. Increasing vaccine acceptance rates in the global south should be prioritized to advance global vaccination coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo 106-6234, Japan
| | - Mondira Bardhan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Asma Safia Disha
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zahidul Haque
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sharif Mutasim Billah
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Pervez Kabir
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Mizanur Rahman
- Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University, 2-1 Naka Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8601, Japan;
| | - Ali Davod Parsa
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK; (A.D.P.); (R.K.)
| | - Russell Kabir
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK; (A.D.P.); (R.K.)
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Assessment of Attitudes, Main Concerns and Sources of Knowledge Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination in Poland in the Unvaccinated Individuals-A Nationwide Survey. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10030381. [PMID: 35335013 PMCID: PMC8955026 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective tool to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it is ineffective without appropriate public acceptance. In Poland, 53% of the country's population is vaccinated, which puts us in the last position among the EU countries. Therefore, this study aims to assess the main concerns regarding vaccination in the unvaccinated population of Poland. The study was based on an original questionnaire that was distributed online. There were three phases of the study: Phase 1-before the preventive vaccination plan, Phase 2-2 months after implementation of the programme, Phase 3-after 4 months when the immunisation rate in Poland was 42%. A total of 4459 individuals participated in the study. As many as 1943 participants were excluded from the analysis due to lack of consent (30 subjects) or COVID-19 vaccination (1913 subjects). Out of the remaining 2516 unvaccinated individuals, 463 were participants in the first phase of the study, 1137 in the second phase of the study, and 916 in the third phase. As the preventive vaccination plan in Poland continued, concerns about vaccine adverse events, safety and efficacy were raised. The only lower concern was that about the vaccine transportation rules. Moreover, as the vaccination programme continued, there was an increase in the percentage of individuals declaring their full reluctance towards vaccination against COVID-19. Conclusions: The Internet is the main source of knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccination, so it should be focused on during vaccination campaigns. The public is primarily concerned about adverse events of vaccines and the lack of appropriate tests of the products used. Therefore, it is advisable to popularise the current state of knowledge and promote reliable information concerning the COVID-19 vaccination.
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Ebi SJ, Deml MJ, Jafflin K, Buhl A, Engel R, Picker J, Häusler J, Wingeier B, Krüerke D, Huber BM, Merten S, Tarr PE. Parents' vaccination information seeking, satisfaction with and trust in medical providers in Switzerland: a mixed-methods study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e053267. [PMID: 35228281 PMCID: PMC8886431 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to better understand parental trust in and satisfaction with information sources and medical providers regarding decision making about childhood vaccines. SETTING The study was part of a Swiss national research programme investigating vaccine hesitancy and underimmunisation. PARTICIPANTS We conducted qualitative interviews with 37 providers and 30 parents, observed 34 vaccination consultations, and then conducted quantitative surveys with 130 providers (both complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) oriented and biomedically oriented) and 1390 parents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants' vaccination information sources used in their decision-making process, parents' trust in and satisfaction with these sources and providers. RESULTS Based on the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines scale, we considered 501 parents as vaccine-hesitant (VH) and 889 parents as non-VH. Whereas both groups mentioned providers as the most trusted source of information, VH-parents were less likely to mention paediatricians (N=358 (71%) vs N=755 (85%)) and public health authorities (N=101 (20%) vs N=333 (37%)) than non-VH-parents. VH-parents were more likely to have consulted another provider (N=196 (39%) vs N=173 (19%)) than non-VH-parents, to express less satisfaction with both their primary (N=342 (82%) vs N=586 (91%)) and other providers (N=82 (42%) vs N=142 (82%)) and less trust in their primary (N=368 (88%) vs N=632 (98%)) and other providers (N=108 (55%) vs N=146 (84%)). VH-parents were less likely to be satisfied with their biomedical primary provider than non-VH-parents (100 (69%) vs 467 (91%)). However, when the primary provider was CAM-oriented, there were similar levels of satisfaction among both groups (237 (89%) VH-parents vs 118 (89%) non-VH-parents). All differences were significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS While the provider remains the main information source, VH parents turn to additional sources and providers, which is likely related to VH parents being rather dissatisfied with and distrusting in obtained information and their provider. ETHICS The local ethics committee (Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz, EKNZ; project ID number 2017-00725) approved the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Jana Ebi
- Medizinische Universitätsklinik Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Deml
- Department of Sociology, Institute of Sociological Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Cape Town School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Observatory, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Kristen Jafflin
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Buhl
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Engel
- Medizinische Universitätsklinik Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Picker
- Medizinische Universitätsklinik Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Häusler
- Medizinische Universitätsklinik Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Benedikt M Huber
- Department of Pediatrics, HFR Fribourg Cantonal Hospital, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Merten
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philip E Tarr
- Medizinische Universitätsklinik Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Kulkarni S, Sengeh P, Eboh V, Jalloh MB, Conteh L, Sesay T, Ibrahim N, Manneh PO, Kaiser R, Jinnai Y, Wallace AS, Prybylski D, Jalloh MF. Role of Information Sources in Vaccination Uptake: Insights From a Cross-Sectional Household Survey in Sierra Leone, 2019. GLOBAL HEALTH: SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022; 10:GHSP-D-21-00237. [PMID: 35294376 PMCID: PMC8885335 DOI: 10.9745/ghsp-d-21-00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Our findings suggest that health workers and faith leaders are important sources of information to deliver vaccination messages, given their strong association with vaccination confidence and uptake. In this context, vaccination promotion efforts that integrate faith leaders and health workers may help increase vaccination uptake. Introduction: There is limited understanding of the potential impact of information sources on vaccination attitudes and behaviors in low-income countries. We examined how exposure to immunization information sources may be associated with vaccination uptake in Sierra Leone. Methods: In 2019, a household survey was conducted using multistage cluster sampling to randomly select 621 caregivers of children aged 12–23 months in 4 districts in Sierra Leone. We measured exposure to various sources of immunization information and 2 outcomes: (1) vaccination confidence using an aggregate score (from 12 Likert items, informed by previously validated scale) that was dichotomized into a binary variable; (2) uptake of the third dose of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus-hepatitis B-Haemophilus influenzae type-b-pentavalent vaccine (penta-3) based on card record or through caregiver recall when card was unavailable. Associations between information sources and the outcomes were examined using modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimator. Results: Weighted estimate for penta-3 uptake was 81% (75.2%–85.5%). The likelihood of uptake of penta-3 was significantly greater when caregiver received information from health facilities (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]=1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.1, 1.5), faith leaders (aPR=1.16, 95% CI=1.1, 1.3), and community health workers (aPR=1.13, 95% CI=1.003, 1.3). Exposure to greater number of information sources was associated with high penta-3 uptake (aPR=1.05, 95% CI=1.02, 1.1). Discussion: Immunization information received during health facility visits and through engagement with religious leaders may enhance vaccination uptake. Assessments to understand context-specific information dynamics should be prioritized in optimizing immunization outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibani Kulkarni
- Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | - Victor Eboh
- Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Lansana Conteh
- Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Tom Sesay
- Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | | | | | - Reinhard Kaiser
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Yuka Jinnai
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Aaron S Wallace
- Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dimitri Prybylski
- Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mohamed F Jalloh
- Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Neely SR, Eldredge C, Ersing R, Remington C. Vaccine Hesitancy and Exposure to Misinformation: a Survey Analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2022; 37:179-187. [PMID: 34671900 PMCID: PMC8528483 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-021-07171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the widespread availability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in the USA, vaccine hesitancy continues to represent a significant impediment to the attainment of herd immunity and the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. This survey analysis provides an update for clinical healthcare providers and public health officials regarding current trends in misinformation exposure, as well as common objections to COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS We conducted a web-based survey of 600 adults in the state of Florida between June 3 and June 14, 2021. Access to the sample was purchased through an industry-leading market research provider (Prodege MR), and survey respondents were selected using a stratified, quota sampling approach to ensure representativeness. Balanced quotas were determined (by region of the state) for gender, age, race, education, and ethnicity. The survey responses were analyzed using basic descriptive statistics, as well as chi-square testing and a logit regression model. FINDINGS High levels of misinformation exposure were observed among participants, with 73% reporting some exposure to misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines in the past 6 months. Exposure to misinformation was directly correlated with vaccine hesitancy. Among those who did not report any exposure to misinformation, 73.8% of respondents were vaccinated. That number fell to 62.9% with exposure to just one misinformation theme and 52.2% for six or more (χ2 = 11.349; φ = 0.138; p ≤ 0.05). Politicization was also found to be a major factor in vaccine hesitancy, with 73.4% of self-identified Democrats being vaccinated, compared to only 58.5% of Republicans and 56.5% of Independents (χ2 = 16.334; φ = 0.165; p ≤ 0.001). Both misinformation exposure and political affiliation were strong predictors of vaccination even after accounting for other demographic predictors. DISCUSSION The survey results add to previous research on misinformation and vaccine hesitancy by quantifying exposure to specific misinformation themes and identifying its relationship to vaccine hesitancy. Overcoming these impediments to vaccination will require strategic and targeted messaging on the part of public health professionals, which may be aided by collaboration with political thought leaders. Understanding the volume and nature of misinformation themes the public is exposed to regarding COVID-19 vaccines may aid public health officials in targeting this vaccine messaging to more directly address reasons for vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R. Neely
- School of Public Affairs, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, SOC 107, Tampa, FL 33620 USA
| | - Christina Eldredge
- School of Information, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, CIS 1040, Tampa, FL 33620 USA
| | - Robin Ersing
- School of Public Affairs, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, SOC 107, Tampa, FL 33620 USA
| | - Christa Remington
- School of Public Affairs, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, SOC 107, Tampa, FL 33620 USA
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Brackstone K, Marzo RR, Bahari R, Head MG, Patalinghug ME, Su TT. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence in the Philippines and Malaysia: A cross-sectional study of sociodemographic factors and digital health literacy. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0000742. [PMID: 36962550 PMCID: PMC10021455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
With the emergence of the highly transmissible Omicron variant, large-scale vaccination coverage is crucial to the national and global pandemic response, especially in populous Southeast Asian countries such as the Philippines and Malaysia where new information is often received digitally. The main aims of this research were to determine levels of hesitancy and confidence in COVID-19 vaccines among general adults in the Philippines and Malaysia, and to identify individual, behavioural, or environmental predictors significantly associated with these outcomes. Data from an internet-based cross-sectional survey of 2558 participants from the Philippines (N = 1002) and Malaysia (N = 1556) were analysed. Results showed that Filipino (56.6%) participants exhibited higher COVID-19 hesitancy than Malaysians (22.9%; p < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in ratings of confidence between Filipino (45.9%) and Malaysian (49.2%) participants (p = 0.105). Predictors associated with vaccine hesitancy among Filipino participants included women (OR, 1.50, 95% CI, 1.03-1.83; p = 0.030) and rural dwellers (OR, 1.44, 95% CI, 1.07-1.94; p = 0.016). Among Malaysian participants, vaccine hesitancy was associated with women (OR, 1.50, 95% CI, 1.14-1.99; p = 0.004), social media use (OR, 11.76, 95% CI, 5.71-24.19; p < 0.001), and online information-seeking behaviours (OR, 2.48, 95% CI, 1.72-3.58; p < 0.001). Predictors associated with vaccine confidence among Filipino participants included subjective social status (OR, 1.13, 95% CI, 1.54-1.22; p < 0.001), whereas vaccine confidence among Malaysian participants was associated with higher education (OR, 1.30, 95% CI, 1.03-1.66; p < 0.028) and negatively associated with rural dwellers (OR, 0.64, 95% CI, 0.47-0.87; p = 0.005) and online information-seeking behaviours (OR, 0.42, 95% CI, 0.31-0.57; p < 0.001). Efforts should focus on creating effective interventions to decrease vaccination hesitancy, increase confidence, and bolster the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination, particularly in light of the Dengvaxia crisis in the Philippines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Brackstone
- Clinical Informatics Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Roy R Marzo
- Department of Community Medicine, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Asia Metropolitan University, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Rafidah Bahari
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - Michael G Head
- Clinical Informatics Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E Patalinghug
- Department: School of Criminal Justice Education, Institution: J.H. Cerilles State College, Caridad, Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines
| | - Tin T Su
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Jones M, James J. Role of the nurse in addressing vaccine hesitancy and misinformation on social media. Nurs Stand 2021; 36:62-66. [PMID: 34605230 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2021.e11759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy, defined as the refusal or delay of acceptance of vaccines, is a threat to the elimination and/or eradication of vaccine-preventable diseases, and therefore has significant implications for global health. Negative and conflicting vaccination information on social media can lead to vaccine hesitancy, including among parents who need to decide whether to have their children vaccinated. This article discusses the dissemination and content of vaccination information on social media, and explores the effects this can have on vaccine hesitancy and uptake. It also outlines various strategies that nurses can use to address vaccine hesitancy and misinformation on social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jones
- Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, England
| | - Janet James
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, England
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Han Y, Wang Q, Zhao S, Wang J, Dong S, Cui T, Liu M, Shi N, Yang L, Han Y, Xiu S, Wang X, Jin H. Parental category B vaccine hesitancy and associated factors in China: an online cross-sectional survey. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 21:145-153. [PMID: 34792433 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2008247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy is one of the top ten health threats. We aimed to (1) assess parental Category B vaccines hesitancy and associated sociodemographic factors in China, and (2) explore the association between attitude toward vaccines and self-reported hesitant behavior. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed through a web-based anonymous online questionnaire survey between 9 February and 7 April 2021. Chinese parents aged ≥ 18 years with one child aged < 6 years were included to assess vaccine hesitancy using the vaccine-hesitancy scale (VHS). Structural equation model was used to determine relationships between variables. RESULTS Of 2952 Chinese parents included in the analysis, 17.5% were highly hesitant in Category B vaccines. Parents who were younger, less educated, engaged in health-related occupations, and had been vaccinated against influenza in the past year were more hesitant when vaccinating their children (P < 0.001). VHS score accuracy to identify vaccine-hesitant behavior was acceptable, and the optimal cutoff was 37.50 (with 61.96% parental vaccine hesitancy). Parents who lack confidence or believe vaccines were risk were more likely to show vaccine hesitant behavior (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In China, effective interventions need to be implemented to eliminate parental Category B vaccines hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuangyu Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuheng Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Minqi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Naiyang Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Shixin Xiu
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuwen Wang
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
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40
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Voo JYH, Lean QY, Ming LC, Md. Hanafiah NH, Al-Worafi YM, Ibrahim B. Vaccine Knowledge, Awareness and Hesitancy: A Cross Sectional Survey among Parents Residing at Sandakan District, Sabah. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9111348. [PMID: 34835279 PMCID: PMC8624080 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Incomplete childhood immunization against communicable diseases is a major concern and vaccine hesitancy remains a hurdle to overcome in primary vaccination programs. This study was to examine the parents’ vaccine knowledge, awareness and hesitancy in relation to their children’s immunization status. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study design was used. The parents who brought their children for immunization visit or follow-up at four public health clinics located in Sandakan district were invited to participate in this survey. Informed consent was obtained before each participant completed a hard copy of self-administered questionnaire in either English or Malay versions. Results: Of 405 parents responded, they generally had good knowledge and awareness of vaccines, only a small percentage (6.8%) of parents were found vaccine hesitant. There were significant differences in vaccine knowledge and awareness in those from different education levels and employment status; similarly, these two factors also significantly affected the vaccine hesitancy among the parents. The parents’ knowledge score was found to be moderately associated with their awareness (r = 0.551, p < 0.01) and inversely correlated to vaccine hesitancy (r = −0.397, p < 0.01). Most of the children (n = 376, 92.8%) in the study were immunized. The children’s immunization status was significantly associated with the parents’ education level (p = 0.025). There was also a significant difference in the total vaccine knowledge scores between the groups of parents with different child immunization status (p = 0.05). Conclusion: This study revealed that parents with higher education had a better knowledge of vaccinations, were less vaccine hesitant and were more likely to ensure that their children complete the recommended course of immunization. It is crucial to ensure parents are well-informed about the safety and efficacy of vaccines so that the children are protected from communicable diseases by the child vaccination program.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Yau Hon Voo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia; (J.Y.H.V.); (N.H.M.H.)
| | - Qi Ying Lean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang 13200, Malaysia;
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei;
| | - Nur Hafzan Md. Hanafiah
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia; (J.Y.H.V.); (N.H.M.H.)
| | - Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi
- College of Medical Sciences, Azal University for Human Development, Amran P.O. Box 447, Yemen;
- College of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, Fujairah P.O. Box 2202, United Arab Emirates
| | - Baharudin Ibrahim
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia; (J.Y.H.V.); (N.H.M.H.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Gallè F, Sabella EA, Roma P, Da Molin G, Diella G, Montagna MT, Ferracuti S, Liguori G, Orsi GB, Napoli C. Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study in Southern Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1222. [PMID: 34835152 PMCID: PMC8618111 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In Italy, at the end of 2020, a voluntary immunization plan against COVID-19 was introduced, involving elderly among the first target categories. The aim of this study was to assess, through an online questionnaire, the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in a sample of older adults from southern Italy. Of a total of 1041 respondents (41.7% males, mean age 76.6 ± 6.5), 965 (92.7%) were vaccinated or willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19, although less than half of the sample was favorable to vaccinations and agreed with mandatory immunization. Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination was found to be positively related with higher educational level (OR = 1.875, CI95% = 1.113-3.161; p = 0.018) and having social/mass media as a main source of information (OR = 2.415 CI95% = 1.358-4.296, p = 0.003). On the contrary, an inverse relationship was found between acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination and having fulfilled the questionnaire after the introduction of green pass (OR = 0.218, CI95% = 0.129-0.369; p < 0.001). Therefore, although this evidence needs to be further confirmed, it is possible to agree with previous studies reporting that compulsory measures, such as green pass implementation, must be accompanied by effective education and information strategies of the target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Elita Anna Sabella
- Inter-University Research Centre “Population, Environment and Health”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (E.A.S.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Paolo Roma
- Department of Human Neurosciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Giovanna Da Molin
- Inter-University Research Centre “Population, Environment and Health”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (E.A.S.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Giusy Diella
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Maria Teresa Montagna
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Human Neurosciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Battista Orsi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
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Liu J, Lu S, Lu C. Exploring and Monitoring the Reasons for Hesitation with COVID-19 Vaccine Based on Social-Platform Text and Classification Algorithms. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9101353. [PMID: 34683033 PMCID: PMC8544370 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is globally rampant, and it is the common goal of all countries to eliminate hesitation in taking the COVID-19 vaccine and achieve herd immunity as soon as possible. However, people are generally more hesitant about the COVID-19 vaccine than about other conventional vaccines, and exploring the specific reasons for hesitation with the COVID-19 vaccine is crucial. (2) Methods: this paper selected text data from a social platform to conduct qualitative analysis of the text to structure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy reasons, and then conducted semiautomatic quantitative content analysis of the text through a supervised machine-learning method to classify them. (3) Results: on the basis of a large number of studies and news reports on vaccine hesitancy, we structured 12 types of the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy reasons. Then, in the experiment, we conducted comparative analysis of three classifiers: support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and naive Bayes classifier (NBC). Results show that the SVM classification model with TF-IDF and SMOTE had the best performance. (4) Conclusions: our study structured 12 types of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy reasons through qualitative analysis, filling in the gaps of previous studies. At the same time, this work provides public health institutions with a monitoring tool to support efforts to mitigate and eliminate COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We reviewed the literature about parental vaccine hesitancy, focusing on publications from October 2019 to April 2021 to describe patterns and causes of hesitancy and interventions to address hesitancy. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies expand understanding of the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy globally and highlight associated individual and contextual factors. Common concerns underlying hesitancy include uncertainty about the need for vaccination and questions about vaccine safety and efficacy. Sociodemographic factors associated with parental vaccine hesitancy vary across locations and contexts. Studies about psychology of hesitancy and how parents respond to interventions highlight the role of cognitive biases, personal values, and vaccination as a social contract or norm. Evidence-based strategies to address vaccine hesitancy include presumptive or announcement approaches to vaccine recommendations, motivational interviewing, and use of immunization delivery strategies like standing orders and reminder/recall programs. A smaller number of studies support use of social media and digital applications to improve vaccination intent. Strengthening school vaccine mandates can improve vaccination rates, but policy decisions must consider local context. SUMMARY Vaccine hesitancy remains a challenge for child health. Future work must include more interventional studies to address hesitancy and regular global surveillance of parental vaccine hesitancy and vaccine content on social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Cataldi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean T O'Leary
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Mayerová D, Abbas K. Childhood immunisation timeliness and vaccine confidence by health information source, maternal, socioeconomic, and geographic characteristics in Albania. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1724. [PMID: 34551735 PMCID: PMC8459480 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11724-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Albania is facing decreasing childhood immunisation coverage and delay in timeliness of vaccination despite a growing economy and universal health insurance. Our aim is to estimate childhood immunisation timeliness and vaccine confidence associated with health information source, maternal, socioeconomic, and geographic characteristics in Albania. Methods We used the 2017–2018 Albania Demographic and Health Survey to analyse childhood immunisation timeliness and vaccine confidence among 2113 and 1795 mothers of under-5-year-old children respectively using simple and multivariable logistic regression. Results Among mothers of under-5-year-old children in Albania, 78.1% [95% CI: 74.3, 81.5] never postponed or rejected childhood vaccines. Immunisation delay was reported by 21.3% [18.0, 25.1] of mothers, but a majority (67.0%) were caused by the infant’s sickness at the time of vaccination, while a minority (6.1%) due to mothers’ concerns about vaccine safety and side effects. Vaccine confidence was high among the mothers at 92.9% [91.0, 94.4] with similar geographical patterns to immunisation timeliness. Among 1.3% of mothers who ever refused vaccination of their children, the main concerns were about vaccine safety (47.8%) and side effects (23.1%). With respect to childhood immunisation timeliness, after controlling for other background characteristics, mothers whose main health information source was the Internet/social media had 34% (adjusted odds-ratio AOR = 0.66 [0.47, 0.94], p = 0.020) lower odds in comparison to other sources, working mothers had 35% (AOR = 0.65 [0.47, 0.91], p = 0.013) lower odds in comparison to non-working mothers, mothers with no education had 86% (AOR = 0.14 [0.03, 0.67], p = 0.014) lower odds compared to those who completed higher education, and mothers living in AL02-Qender and AL03-Jug regions had 62% (AOR = 0.38 [0.23, 0.63], p < 0.0001) and 64% (AOR = 0.36 [0.24, 0.53], p < 0.0001) lower odds respectively in comparison to those residing in AL01-Veri region (p < 0.0001). With respect to vaccine confidence, mothers whose main health information source was the Internet/social media had 56% (AOR = 0.44 [0.27, 0.73], p = 0.002) lower odds in comparison to other sources, single mothers had 92% (AOR = 0.08 [0.01, 0.65], p = 0.019) lower odds compared to those married/living with a partner, mothers of specific ethnicites (like Roma) had 61% (AOR = 0.39 [0.15, 0.97], p = 0.042) lower odds in comparison to mothers of Albanian ethnicity, and mothers living in AL03-Jug region had 67% (AOR = 0.33 [0.19, 0.59], p ≤ 0.0001) lower odds compared to mothers residing in AL01-Veri region. Conclusions Reinforcement of scientific evidence-based online communication about childhood immunisation in combination with tracking and analysis of vaccine hesitancy sentiment and anti-vaccination movements on the Internet/social media would be beneficial in improving immunisation timeliness and vaccine confidence in Albania. Since parents tend to search online for information that would confirm their original beliefs, traditional ways of promoting vaccination by healthcare professionals who enjoy confidence as trusted sources of health information should be sustained and strengthened to target the inequities in childhood immunisation timelines and vaccine confidence in Albania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mayerová
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Kaja Abbas
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
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Landicho-Guevarra J, Reñosa MDC, Wachinger J, Endoma V, Aligato MF, Bravo TA, Landicho J, Bärnighausen K, McMahon SA. Scared, powerless, insulted and embarrassed: hesitancy towards vaccines among caregivers in Cavite Province, the Philippines. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:e006529. [PMID: 34475024 PMCID: PMC8413880 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have highlighted that vaccine hesitancy (VH) is among the most important threats to global health, especially in low- and middle-income countries, including the Philippines. However, there is a dearth of literature exploring family experiences of-or concerns related to-childhood vaccinations that gives voice to vaccine hesitant caregivers (VHCs) of small children. Here, we present insights from VHCs from the Philippines. METHODS This research draws on in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 44 VHCs who had previously delayed or refused vaccination for their children in rural and urban communities in Cavite Province, the Philippines. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted IDIs via an online platform of the respondents' choosing (ie, Facebook messenger call, Skype and Zoom). All interviews were recorded, transcribed, translated and analysed drawing from the tenets of constructivist grounded theory. We use the social ecological model to structure our results. RESULTS Among the reasons for delay or refusal of childhood vaccinations, a fear of side effects emerged as the most salient concern, exacerbated by previous negative experiences (including trauma) from a dengue vaccine controversy in 2017. Respondents cited the dengue vaccine controversy as they expressed reluctance (regarding any new vaccines) and suspicion (towards school-based vaccination, the distribution channel used for the dengue vaccine). Heads of households opposing vaccines, perceptions that vaccines are non-essential and influences from the social and traditional media or neighbours contributed to further refusal and delay. Upon probing, VHCs recounted health system concerns particularly with regards to healthcare workers who are sometimes unable to answer their questions and can be dismissive or disrespectful regarding caregivers' concerns. CONCLUSION Understanding VH from the lens of VHCs highlights pathways for interventions to regain trust and bolster confidence towards vaccines. Our findings may serve as linchpins in the development of VH interventions aiming at changing behaviour on a population scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhoys Landicho-Guevarra
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Mark Donald C Reñosa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Jonas Wachinger
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Vivienne Endoma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Mila F Aligato
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Thea Andrea Bravo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Jeniffer Landicho
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Kate Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg-Braamfontein, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Shannon A McMahon
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- International Health Department, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Kacimi SEO, Klouche-djedid SN, Riffi O, Belaouni HA, Yasmin F, Taouza FA, Belakhdar Y, Fellah SC, Benmelouka AY, Ahmed S, Aloulou M, Bendelhoum A, Merzouk H, Ghozy S, Essar MY, Haireche MA. Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Engagement in Algeria: A Population-based Study with Systematic Review of Studies from Arab Countries of the MENA Region.. [DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.17.21260662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundThe Algerian COVID-19 vaccination campaign, which started by the end of January 2021, is marked by a slowly ascending curve despite the deployed resources. To tackle the issue, we assessed the levels and explored determinants of engagement towards the COVID-19 vaccine among the Algerian population.MethodsA nationwide, online-based cross-sectional study was conducted between March 27 and April 30, 2021. A two-stage stratified snowball sampling method was used to include an equivalent number of participants from the four cardinal regions of the country. A vaccine engagement scale was developed, defining vaccine engagement as a multidimensional parameter (5 items) that combined self-stated acceptance and willingness with perceived safety and efficacy of the vaccine. An Engagement score was calculated and the median was used to define engagement versus nonengagement. Sociodemographic and clinical data, perceptions about COVID-19 and levels of adherence to preventive measures were analyzed as predictors for nonengagement.ResultsWe included 1,019 participants, 54% were female and 64% were aged 18-29 years. Overall, there were low rates of self-declared acceptance (26%) and willingness (21%) to take the vaccine, as well as low levels of agreement regarding vaccine safety (21%) and efficacy (30%). Thus, vaccine engagement rate was estimated at 33.5%, and ranged between 29.6-38.5% depending on the region (p>0.05). Nonengagement was independently associated with female gender (OR=2.31, p<0.001), low adherence level to preventive measures (OR=6.93p<0.001), private sector jobs (OR=0.53, p=0.038), perceived COVID-19 severity (OR=0.66, p=0.014), and fear from contracting the disease (OR=0.56, p=0.018). Concern about vaccine side effects (72.0%) and exigence for more efficacy and safety studies (48.3%) were the most commonly reported barrier and enabler for vaccine acceptance respectively; whereas beliefs in the conspiracy theory were reported by 23.4%.ConclusionsThe very low rates of vaccine engagement among the Algerian population probably explain the slow ascension of the vaccination curve in the country. Vaccine awareness campaigns should be implemented to address the multiple misconceptions and enhance the levels of knowledge and perception both about the disease and the vaccine, by prioritizing target populations and engaging both healthcare workers and the general population.
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Knowledge and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination among Undergraduate Students from Central and Southern Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060638. [PMID: 34200835 PMCID: PMC8230551 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
At the end of 2020, the Italian Ministry of Health launched a national vaccination campaign to counteract the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed at appraising levels of knowledge about and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in a sample of Italian undergraduates during the first phase of the immunization plan. A web-based questionnaire was administered to students attending universities in Bari, Naples, and Rome during the period February–April 2021. Of the total of 3226 participants, 91.9% were keen to receive a COVID-19 vaccination. More than 80% gave correct answers to questions about COVID-19 vaccine administration, functioning, and effects on community health. However, only 63.8% identified the correct composition of the available vaccines. Knowledge was found to be related to sociodemographic features and COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (p < 0.05). COVID-19 vaccination acceptance was found to be related to having a previous vaccination against influenza (OR 3.806, CI 95% 1.181–12.267; p = 0.025) and knowledge (OR 4.759, CI 95% 2.106–10.753; p = 0.000). These results show a good level of awareness about COVID-19 vaccination in this population, which may indicate the effectiveness of communication strategies accompanying the COVID-19 immunization campaign in Italy.
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El-Elimat T, AbuAlSamen MM, Almomani BA, Al-Sawalha NA, Alali FQ. Acceptance and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines: A cross-sectional study from Jordan. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250555. [PMID: 33891660 PMCID: PMC8064595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are effective interventions that can reduce the high burden of diseases globally. However, public vaccine hesitancy is a pressing problem for public health authorities. With the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, little information is available on the public acceptability and attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccines in Jordan. This study aimed to investigate the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines and its predictors in addition to the attitudes towards these vaccines among public in Jordan. An online, cross-sectional, and self-administered questionnaire was instrumentalized to survey adult participants from Jordan on the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the predictors of COVID-19 vaccines' acceptability. A total of 3,100 participants completed the survey. The public acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines was fairly low (37.4%) in Jordan. Males (OR = 2.488, 95CI% = 1.834-3.375, p < .001) and those who took the seasonal influenza vaccine (OR = 2.036, 95CI% = 1.306-3.174, p = .002) were more likely to accept COVID-19 vaccines. Similarly, participants who believed that vaccines are generally safe (OR = 9.258, 95CI% = 6.020-14.237, p < .001) and those who were willing to pay for vaccines (OR = 19.223, 95CI% = 13.665-27.042, p < .001), once available, were more likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccines. However, those above 35 years old (OR = 0.376, 95CI% = 0.233-0.607, p < .001) and employed participants (OR = 0.542, 95CI% = 0.405-0.725, p < .001) were less likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccines. Moreover, participants who believed that there was a conspiracy behind COVID-19 (OR = 0.502, 95CI% = 0.356-0.709, p < .001) and those who do not trust any source of information on COVID-19 vaccines (OR = 0.271, 95CI% = 0.183-0.400, p < .001), were less likely to have acceptance towards them. The most trusted sources of information on COVID-19 vaccines were healthcare providers. Systematic interventions are required by public health authorities to reduce the levels of vaccines' hesitancy and improve their acceptance. We believe these results and specifically the low rate of acceptability is alarming to Jordanian health authorities and should stir further studies on the root causes and the need of awareness campaigns. These interventions should take the form of reviving the trust in national health authorities and structured awareness campaigns that offer transparent information about the safety and efficacy of the vaccines and the technology that was utilized in their production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud M. AbuAlSamen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Basima A. Almomani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nour A. Al-Sawalha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Feras Q. Alali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Cross-sectional analysis of COVID-19 vaccine intention, perceptions and hesitancy across Latin America and the Caribbean. Travel Med Infect Dis 2021; 41:102059. [PMID: 33848692 PMCID: PMC8063600 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Determinants of vaccine acceptance are multifactorial, complex, and in most cases, context-dependent. We determined the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination intention (VI) and fear of its adverse effects (FAE) as well as their associated factors in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Methods We conducted a secondary cross-sectional analysis of a database collected by the University of Maryland and Facebook. We included participants aged 18 and over from LAC surveyed, January 15 to February 1, 2021. We evaluated VI, FAE, sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 symptomatology, compliance with community mitigation strategies, food and economic insecurity, mental health evaluation and the influence in VI when recommended by different stakeholders. We calculated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with their 95%CIs. Results We analyzed 472,521 responses by Latin American adults, finding a VI and FAE prevalence of 80.0% and 81.2%, respectively. We found that female and non-binary genders were associated with a lower probability of VI and a higher probability of FAE. Besides, living in a town, village or rural area and economic insecurity was associated with a higher FAE probability. The fears of becoming seriously ill, a family member becoming seriously ill from COVID-19 and having depressive symptoms were associated with a higher probability of VI and FAE. Conclusion Eight out of 10 adults in LAC have VI and FAE. The factors identified are useful for the development of communication strategies to reduce FAE frequency. It is necessary to guarantee mass vaccination and support the return of economic activities.
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Access to Vaccination Information and Confidence/Hesitancy Towards Childhood Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Survey in China. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030201. [PMID: 33670971 PMCID: PMC7997233 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Access to vaccination information could influence public attitudes towards vaccination. This study investigated the number and types of vaccination-related information sources, and estimated their associations with vaccine confidence and hesitancy in China. In January 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in China, and 2122 caregivers with children <6 years completed self-administered questionnaires. Logistic regressions were used to assess associations between caregivers’ primary information sources and vaccine confidence/hesitancy. A majority (72%) of caregivers had multiple sources of vaccination-related information. The proportions of caregivers reporting professional sources, media, and peers as primary information sources were 81%, 63%, and 26%. Internal migrants were less likely to get information from professional sources; more educated and wealthier caregivers reported more information sources and were more likely to get information from media and peers. Caregivers who reported professional information sources had significantly higher odds of being confident about the safety of vaccines and lower odds of being hesitant toward vaccination than those who did not. Caregivers who reported the media as a primary information source had significantly higher odds of being hesitant toward vaccination than those who did not. To address vaccine hesitancy, it is essential to promote universal access to professional vaccination-related information sources, and to use the media to disseminate evidence-based information and clarify misinformation. Health communication should target internal migrants, and more educated and wealthier caregivers.
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