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Marcantoni I, Piccolantonio G, Ghoushi M, Valenti M, Reversi L, Mariotti F, Foschi N, Lattanzi S, Burattini L, Fabri M, Polonara G. Interhemispheric functional connectivity: an fMRI study in callosotomized patients. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1363098. [PMID: 38812473 PMCID: PMC11133720 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1363098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Functional connectivity (FC) is defined in terms of temporal correlations between physiological signals, which mainly depend upon structural (axonal) connectivity; it is commonly studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Interhemispheric FC appears mostly supported by the corpus callosum (CC), although several studies investigating this aspect have not provided conclusive evidence. In this context, patients in whom the CC was resected for therapeutic reasons (split-brain patients) provide a unique opportunity for research into this issue. The present study was aimed at investigating with resting-state fMRI the interhemispheric FC in six epileptic patients who have undergone surgical resection of the CC. Methods The analysis was performed using fMRI of the Brain Software Library; the evaluation of interhemispheric FC and the recognition of the resting-state networks (RSNs) were performed using probabilistic independent component analysis. Results Generally, bilateral brain activation was often observed in primary sensory RSNs, while in the associative areas, such as those composing the default mode and fronto-parietal networks, the activation was often unilateral. Discussion These results suggest that even in the absence of the CC, some interhemispheric communication is still present. This residual FC might be supported through extra-callosal pathways that are likely subcortical, making it possible for some interhemispheric integration. Further studies are needed to confirm these conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marcantoni
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giusi Piccolantonio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria per Medicina di Innovazione, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mojgan Ghoushi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Valenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Reversi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Mariotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Foschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simona Lattanzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Burattini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mara Fabri
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Polonara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomatologiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Ganesan S, Misaki M, Zalesky A, Tsuchiyagaito A. Functional brain network dynamics of brooding in depression: insights from real-time fMRI neurofeedback. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.05.24306889. [PMID: 38766116 PMCID: PMC11100839 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.05.24306889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Brooding is a critical symptom and prognostic factor of major depressive disorder (MDD), which involves passively dwelling on self-referential dysphoria and related abstractions. The neurobiology of brooding remains under characterized. We aimed to elucidate neural dynamics underlying brooding, and explore their responses to neurofeedback intervention in MDD. Methods We investigated functional MRI (fMRI) dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) in 36 MDD subjects and 26 healthy controls (HCs) during rest and brooding. Rest was measured before and after fMRI neurofeedback (MDD-active/sham: n=18/18, HC-active/sham: n=13/13). Baseline brooding severity was recorded using Ruminative Response Scale - Brooding subscale (RRS-B). Results Four recurrent dFNC states were identified. Measures of time spent were not significantly different between MDD and HC for any of these states during brooding or rest. RRS-B scores in MDD showed significant negative correlation with measures of time spent in dFNC state 3 during brooding (r=-0.5, p= 1.7E-3, FDR-significant). This state comprises strong connections spanning several brain systems involved in sensory, attentional and cognitive processing. Time spent in this anti-brooding dFNC state significantly increased following neurofeedback only in the MDD active group (z=-2.09, p=0.037). Limitations The sample size was small and imbalanced between groups. Brooding condition was not examined post-neurofeedback. Conclusion We identified a densely connected anti-brooding dFNC brain state in MDD. MDD subjects spent significantly longer time in this state after active neurofeedback intervention, highlighting neurofeedback's potential for modulating dysfunctional brain dynamics to treat MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saampras Ganesan
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
- Contemplative Studies Centre, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Masaya Misaki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Oxley College of Health and Natural Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
| | - Aki Tsuchiyagaito
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Oxley College of Health and Natural Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Pamir Z, Manley CE, Bauer CM, Bex PJ, Dilks DD, Merabet LB. Visuospatial processing in early brain-based visual impairment is associated with differential recruitment of dorsal and ventral visual streams. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae203. [PMID: 38795357 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Visuospatial processing impairments are prevalent in individuals with cerebral visual impairment (CVI) and are typically ascribed to "dorsal stream dysfunction" (DSD). However, the contribution of other cortical regions, including early visual cortex (EVC), frontal cortex, or the ventral visual stream, to such impairments remains unknown. Thus, here, we examined fMRI activity in these regions, while individuals with CVI (and neurotypicals) performed a visual search task within a dynamic naturalistic scene. First, behavioral performance was measured with eye tracking. Participants were instructed to search and follow a walking human target. CVI participants took significantly longer to find the target, and their eye gaze patterns were less accurate and less precise. Second, we used the same task in the MRI scanner. Along the dorsal stream, activation was reduced in CVI participants, consistent with the proposed DSD in CVI. Intriguingly, however, visual areas along the ventral stream showed the complete opposite pattern, with greater activation in CVI participants. In contrast, we found no differences in either EVC or frontal cortex between groups. These results suggest that the impaired visuospatial processing abilities in CVI are associated with differential recruitment of the dorsal and ventral visual streams, likely resulting from impaired selective attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahide Pamir
- Department of Psychology & Department of Neuroscience, Bilkent University, Üniversiteler, Çankaya/Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Aysel Sabuncu Brain Research Center, Bilkent University, Üniversiteler, Çankaya/Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Claire E Manley
- The Laboratory for Visual Neuroplasticity, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Corinna M Bauer
- Lab for Neuroimaging and Vision Science, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 125 Nashua St. Suite 660, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Peter J Bex
- The Translational Vision Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, 105-107 Forsyth St #125, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel D Dilks
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lotfi B Merabet
- The Laboratory for Visual Neuroplasticity, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Podvalny E, Sanchez-Romero R, Cole MW. Functionality of arousal-regulating brain circuitry at rest predicts human cognitive abilities. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae192. [PMID: 38745558 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Arousal state is regulated by subcortical neuromodulatory nuclei, such as locus coeruleus, which send wide-reaching projections to cortex. Whether higher-order cortical regions have the capacity to recruit neuromodulatory systems to aid cognition is unclear. Here, we hypothesized that select cortical regions activate the arousal system, which, in turn, modulates large-scale brain activity, creating a functional circuit predicting cognitive ability. We utilized the Human Connectome Project 7T functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset (n = 149), acquired at rest with simultaneous eye tracking, along with extensive cognitive assessment for each subject. First, we discovered select frontoparietal cortical regions that drive large-scale spontaneous brain activity specifically via engaging the arousal system. Second, we show that the functionality of the arousal circuit driven by bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (associated with the default mode network) predicts subjects' cognitive abilities. This suggests that a cortical region that is typically associated with self-referential processing supports cognition by regulating the arousal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Podvalny
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 197 University Ave, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Ruben Sanchez-Romero
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 197 University Ave, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Michael W Cole
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 197 University Ave, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
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Dodd K, Legget KT, Cornier MA, Novick AM, McHugo M, Berman BD, Lawful BP, Tregellas JR. Relationship between functional connectivity and weight-gain risk of antipsychotics in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:173-181. [PMID: 38552340 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms by which antipsychotic medications (APs) contribute to obesity in schizophrenia are not well understood. Because AP effects on functional brain connectivity may contribute to weight effects, the current study investigated how AP-associated weight-gain risk relates to functional connectivity in schizophrenia. METHODS Fifty-five individuals with schizophrenia (final N = 54) were divided into groups based on previously reported AP weight-gain risk (no APs/low risk [N = 19]; moderate risk [N = 17]; high risk [N = 18]). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was completed after an overnight fast ("fasted") and post-meal ("fed"). Correlations between AP weight-gain risk and functional connectivity were assessed at the whole-brain level and in reward- and eating-related brain regions (anterior insula, caudate, nucleus accumbens). RESULTS When fasted, greater AP weight-gain risk was associated with increased connectivity between thalamus and sensorimotor cortex (pFDR = 0.021). When fed, greater AP weight-gain risk was associated with increased connectivity between left caudate and left precentral/postcentral gyri (pFDR = 0.048) and between right caudate and multiple regions, including the left precentral/postcentral gyri (pFDR = 0.001), intracalcarine/precuneal/cuneal cortices (pFDR < 0.001), and fusiform gyrus (pFDR = 0.008). When fed, greater AP weight-gain risk was also associated with decreased connectivity between right anterior insula and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (pFDR = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS APs with higher weight-gain risk were associated with greater connectivity between reward-related regions and sensorimotor regions when fasted, perhaps relating to motor anticipation for consumption. Higher weight-gain risk APs were also associated with increased connectivity between reward, salience, and visual regions when fed, potentially reflecting greater desire for consumption following satiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Dodd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, 12705 E Montview Blvd Suite 100, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristina T Legget
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, 1700 N Wheeling St, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Marc-Andre Cornier
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Clinical Sciences Building, CSB 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Andrew M Novick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maureen McHugo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Brian D Berman
- Department of Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E Marshall Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Benjamin P Lawful
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jason R Tregellas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, 1700 N Wheeling St, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Ufkes S, Kennedy E, Poppe T, Miller SP, Thompson B, Guo J, Harding JE, Crowther CA. Prenatal Magnesium Sulfate and Functional Connectivity in Offspring at Term-Equivalent Age. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2413508. [PMID: 38805222 PMCID: PMC11134217 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Understanding the effect of antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) treatment on functional connectivity will help elucidate the mechanism by which it reduces the risk of cerebral palsy and death. Objective To determine whether MgSO4 administered to women at risk of imminent preterm birth at a gestational age between 30 and 34 weeks is associated with increased functional connectivity and measures of functional segregation and integration in infants at term-equivalent age, possibly reflecting a protective mechanism of MgSO4. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study was nested within a randomized placebo-controlled trial performed across 24 tertiary maternity hospitals. Participants included infants born to women at risk of imminent preterm birth at a gestational age between 30 and 34 weeks who participated in the MAGENTA (Magnesium Sulphate at 30 to 34 Weeks' Gestational Age) trial and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term-equivalent age. Ineligibility criteria included illness precluding MRI, congenital or genetic disorders likely to affect brain structure, and living more than 1 hour from the MRI center. One hundred and fourteen of 159 eligible infants were excluded due to incomplete or motion-corrupted MRI. Recruitment occurred between October 22, 2014, and October 25, 2017. Participants were followed up to 2 years of age. Analysis was performed from February 1, 2021, to February 27, 2024. Observers were blind to patient groupings during data collection and processing. Exposures Women received 4 g of MgSO4 or isotonic sodium chloride solution given intravenously over 30 minutes. Main Outcomes and Measures Prior to data collection, it was hypothesized that infants who were exposed to MgSO4 would show enhanced functional connectivity compared with infants who were not exposed. Results A total of 45 infants were included in the analysis: 24 receiving MgSO4 treatment and 21 receiving placebo; 23 (51.1%) were female and 22 (48.9%) were male; and the median gestational age at scan was 40.0 (IQR, 39.1-41.1) weeks. Treatment with MgSO4 was associated with greater voxelwise functional connectivity in the temporal and occipital lobes and deep gray matter structures and with significantly greater clustering coefficients (Hedge g, 0.47 [95% CI, -0.13 to 1.07]), transitivity (Hedge g, 0.51 [95% CI, -0.10 to 1.11]), local efficiency (Hedge g, 0.40 [95% CI, -0.20 to 0.99]), and global efficiency (Hedge g, 0.31 [95% CI, -0.29 to 0.90]), representing enhanced functional segregation and integration. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, infants exposed to MgSO4 had greater voxelwise functional connectivity and functional segregation, consistent with increased brain maturation. Enhanced functional connectivity is a possible mechanism by which MgSO4 protects against cerebral palsy and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Ufkes
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Eleanor Kennedy
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tanya Poppe
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven P. Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong
| | - Jessie Guo
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane E. Harding
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Dagnino PC, Escrichs A, López-González A, Gosseries O, Annen J, Sanz Perl Y, Kringelbach ML, Laureys S, Deco G. Re-awakening the brain: Forcing transitions in disorders of consciousness by external in silico perturbation. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1011350. [PMID: 38701063 PMCID: PMC11068192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A fundamental challenge in neuroscience is accurately defining brain states and predicting how and where to perturb the brain to force a transition. Here, we investigated resting-state fMRI data of patients suffering from disorders of consciousness (DoC) after coma (minimally conscious and unresponsive wakefulness states) and healthy controls. We applied model-free and model-based approaches to help elucidate the underlying brain mechanisms of patients with DoC. The model-free approach allowed us to characterize brain states in DoC and healthy controls as a probabilistic metastable substate (PMS) space. The PMS of each group was defined by a repertoire of unique patterns (i.e., metastable substates) with different probabilities of occurrence. In the model-based approach, we adjusted the PMS of each DoC group to a causal whole-brain model. This allowed us to explore optimal strategies for promoting transitions by applying off-line in silico probing. Furthermore, this approach enabled us to evaluate the impact of local perturbations in terms of their global effects and sensitivity to stimulation, which is a model-based biomarker providing a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying DoC. Our results show that transitions were obtained in a synchronous protocol, in which the somatomotor network, thalamus, precuneus and insula were the most sensitive areas to perturbation. This motivates further work to continue understanding brain function and treatments of disorders of consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Clara Dagnino
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anira Escrichs
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ane López-González
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Olivia Gosseries
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Centre du Cerveau 2, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jitka Annen
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Centre du Cerveau 2, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yonatan Sanz Perl
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Morten L. Kringelbach
- Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steven Laureys
- Joint International Research Unit on Consciousness, CERVO Brain Research Centre, University of Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Gustavo Deco
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Frank C, Albertazzi A, Murphy C. The effect of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele and olfactory function on odor identification networks. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3524. [PMID: 38702902 PMCID: PMC11069025 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combination of apolipoprotein E ε4 (ApoE ε4) status, odor identification, and odor familiarity predicts conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS To further understand olfactory disturbances and AD risk, ApoE ε4 carrier (mean age 76.38 ± 5.21) and ε4 non-carrier (mean age 76.8 ± 3.35) adults were given odor familiarity and identification tests and performed an odor identification task during fMRI scanning. Five task-related functional networks were detected using independent components analysis. Main and interaction effects of mean odor familiarity ratings, odor identification scores, and ε4 status on network activation and task-modulation of network functional connectivity (FC) during correct and incorrect odor identification (hits and misses), controlling for age and sex, were explored using multiple linear regression. RESULTS Findings suggested that sensory-olfactory network activation was positively associated with odor identification scores in ε4 carriers with intact odor familiarity. The FC of sensory-olfactory, multisensory-semantic integration, and occipitoparietal networks was altered in ε4 carriers with poorer odor familiarity and identification. In ε4 carriers with poorer familiarity, connectivity between superior frontal areas and the sensory-olfactory network was negatively associated with odor identification scores. CONCLUSIONS The results contribute to the clarification of the neurocognitive structure of odor identification processing and suggest that poorer odor familiarity and identification in ε4 carriers may signal multi-network dysfunction. Odor familiarity and identification assessment in ε4 carriers may contribute to the predictive value of risk for MCI and AD due to the breakdown of sensory-cognitive network integration. Additional research on olfactory processing in those at risk for AD is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conner Frank
- SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical PsychologySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Abigail Albertazzi
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Claire Murphy
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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Yassin W, de Moura FB, Withey SL, Cao L, Kangas BD, Bergman J, Kohut SJ. Resting state networks of awake adolescent and adult squirrel monkeys using ultra-high field (9.4T) functional magnetic resonance imaging. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0173-23.2024. [PMID: 38627065 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0173-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Resting state networks (RSNs) are increasingly forwarded as candidate biomarkers for neuropsychiatric disorders. Such biomarkers may provide objective measures for evaluating novel therapeutic interventions in nonhuman primates often used in translational neuroimaging research. This study aimed to characterize the RSNs of awake squirrel monkeys and compare the characteristics of those networks in adolescent and adult subjects. Twenty-seven squirrel monkeys (n=12 adolescents [6 male/6 female] ∼2.5 years and n=15 adults [7 male/8 female] ∼9.5 years) were gradually acclimated to awake scanning procedures; whole-brain fMRI images were acquired with a 9.4 Tesla scanner. Group level independent component (ICA) analysis (30 ICs) with dual regression was used to detect and compare RSNs. Twenty ICs corresponding to physiologically meaningful networks representing a range of neural functions, including motor, sensory, reward, and cognitive processes were identified in both adolescent and adult monkeys. The reproducibility of these RSNs was evaluated across several ICA model orders. Adults showed a trend for greater connectivity compared to adolescent subjects in two of the networks of interest: (1) in the right occipital region with the OFC network and (2) in the left temporal cortex, bilateral occipital cortex, and cerebellum with the posterior cingulate network. However, when age was entered into the above model, this trend for significance was lost. These results demonstrate that squirrel monkey RSNs are stable and consistent with RSNs previously identified in humans, rodents, and other nonhuman primate species. These data also identify several networks in adolescence that are conserved and others that may change into adulthood.Significance Statement Functional magnetic resonance imaging procedures have revealed important information about how the brain is modified by experimental manipulations, disease states, and aging throughout the lifespan. Preclinical neuroimaging, especially in nonhuman primates, has become a frequently used means to answer targeted questions related to brain resting-state functional connectivity. The present study characterized resting state networks (RSNs) in adult and adolescent squirrel monkeys; twenty RSNs corresponding to networks representing a range of neural functions were identified. The RSNs identified here can be utilized in future studies examining the effects of experimental manipulations on brain connectivity in squirrel monkeys. These data also may be useful for comparative analysis with other primate species to provide an evolutionary perspective for understanding brain function and organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walin Yassin
- Behavioral Neuroimaging Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Fernando B de Moura
- Behavioral Neuroimaging Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Sarah L Withey
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Lei Cao
- Behavioral Neuroimaging Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
| | - Brian D Kangas
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Jack Bergman
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Stephen J Kohut
- Behavioral Neuroimaging Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
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10
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Spencer APC, Goodfellow M, Chakkarapani E, Brooks JCW. Resting-state functional connectivity in children cooled for neonatal encephalopathy. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae154. [PMID: 38741661 PMCID: PMC11089421 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic hypothermia improves outcomes following neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, reducing cases of death and severe disability such as cerebral palsy compared with normothermia management. However, when cooled children reach early school-age, they have cognitive and motor impairments which are associated with underlying alterations to brain structure and white matter connectivity. It is unknown whether these differences in structural connectivity are associated with differences in functional connectivity between cooled children and healthy controls. Resting-state functional MRI has been used to characterize static and dynamic functional connectivity in children, both with typical development and those with neurodevelopmental disorders. Previous studies of resting-state brain networks in children with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy have focussed on the neonatal period. In this study, we used resting-state fMRI to investigate static and dynamic functional connectivity in children aged 6-8 years who were cooled for neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic without cerebral palsy [n = 22, median age (interquartile range) 7.08 (6.85-7.52) years] and healthy controls matched for age, sex and socioeconomic status [n = 20, median age (interquartile range) 6.75 (6.48-7.25) years]. Using group independent component analysis, we identified 31 intrinsic functional connectivity networks consistent with those previously reported in children and adults. We found no case-control differences in the spatial maps of these intrinsic connectivity networks. We constructed subject-specific static functional connectivity networks by measuring pairwise Pearson correlations between component time courses and found no case-control differences in functional connectivity after false discovery rate correction. To study the time-varying organization of resting-state networks, we used sliding window correlations and deep clustering to investigate dynamic functional connectivity characteristics. We found k = 4 repetitively occurring functional connectivity states, which exhibited no case-control differences in dwell time, fractional occupancy or state functional connectivity matrices. In this small cohort, the spatiotemporal characteristics of resting-state brain networks in cooled children without severe disability were too subtle to be differentiated from healthy controls at early school-age, despite underlying differences in brain structure and white matter connectivity, possibly reflecting a level of recovery of healthy resting-state brain function. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate resting-state functional connectivity in children with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy beyond the neonatal period and the first to investigate dynamic functional connectivity in any children with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur P C Spencer
- Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8DX, UK
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc Goodfellow
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
| | - Ela Chakkarapani
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, St Michaels Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8EG, UK
| | - Jonathan C W Brooks
- Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8DX, UK
- University of East Anglia Wellcome Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre (UWWBIC), University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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11
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Macoveanu J, Fortea L, Kjærstad HL, Coello K, Faurholt-Jepsen M, Fisher PM, Knudsen GM, Radua J, Vieta E, Frangou S, Vinberg M, Kessing LV, Miskowiak KW. Longitudinal changes in resting-state functional connectivity as markers of vulnerability or resilience in first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder. Psychol Med 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38634498 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a significant contribution of genetic factors to the etiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Unaffected first-degree relatives of patients (UR) with BD are at increased risk of developing mental disorders and may manifest cognitive impairments and alterations in brain functional and connective dynamics, akin to their affected relatives. METHODS In this prospective longitudinal study, resting-state functional connectivity was used to explore stable and progressive markers of vulnerability i.e. abnormalities shared between UR and BD compared to healthy controls (HC) and resilience i.e. features unique to UR compared to HC and BD in full or partial remission (UR n = 72, mean age = 28.0 ± 7.2 years; HC n = 64, mean age = 30.0 ± 9.7 years; BD patients n = 91, mean age = 30.6 ± 7.7 years). Out of these, 34 UR, 48 BD, and 38 HC were investigated again following a mean time of 1.3 ± 0.4 years. RESULTS At baseline, the UR showed lower connectivity values within the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network, and the salience network (SN) compared to HC. This connectivity pattern in UR remained stable over the follow-up period and was not present in BD, suggesting a resilience trait. The UR further demonstrated less negative connectivity between the DMN and SN compared to HC, abnormality that remained stable over time and was also present in BD, suggesting a vulnerability marker. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate the coexistence of both vulnerability-related abnormalities in resting-state connectivity, as well as adaptive changes possibly promoting resilience to psychopathology in individual at familial risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Macoveanu
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurocogntion and Emotion in Affective Disorders (NEAD) Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lydia Fortea
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hanne Lie Kjærstad
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurocogntion and Emotion in Affective Disorders (NEAD) Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klara Coello
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Faurholt-Jepsen
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patrick M Fisher
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte Moos Knudsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacisón Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacisón Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, US
| | - Maj Vinberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Early Multimodular Prevention and Intervention Research Institution (EMPIRI), Psychiatric Center Northern Zealand, Denmark
| | - Lars Vedel Kessing
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurocogntion and Emotion in Affective Disorders (NEAD) Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Muta K, Haga Y, Hata J, Kaneko T, Hagiya K, Komaki Y, Seki F, Yoshimaru D, Nakae K, Woodward A, Gong R, Kishi N, Okano H. Commonality and variance of resting-state networks in common marmoset brains. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8316. [PMID: 38594386 PMCID: PMC11004137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal models of brain function are critical for the study of human diseases and development of effective interventions. Resting-state network (RSN) analysis is a powerful tool for evaluating brain function and performing comparisons across animal species. Several studies have reported RSNs in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus; marmoset), a non-human primate. However, it is necessary to identify RSNs and evaluate commonality and inter-individual variance through analyses using a larger amount of data. In this study, we present marmoset RSNs detected using > 100,000 time-course image volumes of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data with careful preprocessing. In addition, we extracted brain regions involved in the composition of these RSNs to understand the differences between humans and marmosets. We detected 16 RSNs in major marmosets, three of which were novel networks that have not been previously reported in marmosets. Since these RSNs possess the potential for use in the functional evaluation of neurodegenerative diseases, the data in this study will significantly contribute to the understanding of the functional effects of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Muta
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yawara Haga
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kaneko
- Division of Behavioral Development, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Science, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kei Hagiya
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshimaru
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Nakae
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Alexander Woodward
- Connectome Analysis Unit, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Rui Gong
- Connectome Analysis Unit, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kishi
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan.
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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13
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Silva NA, Barrios-Martinez J, Yeh FC, Hodaie M, Roque D, Boerwinkle VL, Krishna V. Diffusion and functional MRI in surgical neuromodulation. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00364. [PMID: 38669936 PMCID: PMC11064589 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical neuromodulation has witnessed significant progress in recent decades. Notably, deep brain stimulation (DBS), delivered precisely within therapeutic targets, has revolutionized the treatment of medication-refractory movement disorders and is now expanding for refractory psychiatric disorders, refractory epilepsy, and post-stroke motor recovery. In parallel, the advent of incisionless treatment with focused ultrasound ablation (FUSA) can offer patients life-changing symptomatic relief. Recent research has underscored the potential to further optimize DBS and FUSA outcomes by conceptualizing the therapeutic targets as critical nodes embedded within specific brain networks instead of strictly anatomical structures. This paradigm shift was facilitated by integrating two imaging modalities used regularly in brain connectomics research: diffusion MRI (dMRI) and functional MRI (fMRI). These advanced imaging techniques have helped optimize the targeting and programming techniques of surgical neuromodulation, all while holding immense promise for investigations into treating other neurological and psychiatric conditions. This review aims to provide a fundamental background of advanced imaging for clinicians and scientists, exploring the synergy between current and future approaches to neuromodulation as they relate to dMRI and fMRI capabilities. Focused research in this area is required to optimize existing, functional neurosurgical treatments while serving to build an investigative infrastructure to unlock novel targets to alleviate the burden of other neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Silva
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Fang-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mojgan Hodaie
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniel Roque
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Varina L Boerwinkle
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Vibhor Krishna
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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14
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Podvalny E, Sanchez-Romero R, Cole MW. Functionality of arousal-regulating brain circuitry at rest predicts human cognitive abilities. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.09.574917. [PMID: 38617344 PMCID: PMC11014470 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.09.574917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Arousal state is regulated by subcortical neuromodulatory nuclei, such as locus coeruleus, which send wide-reaching projections to cortex. Whether higher-order cortical regions have the capacity to recruit neuromodulatory systems to aid cognition is unclear. Here, we hypothesized that select cortical regions activate the arousal system, which in turn modulates large-scale brain activity, creating a functional circuit predicting cognitive ability. We utilized the Human Connectome Project 7T functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset (N=149), acquired at rest with simultaneous eye tracking, along with extensive cognitive assessment for each subject. First, we discovered select frontoparietal cortical regions that drive large-scale spontaneous brain activity specifically via engaging the arousal system. Second, we show that the functionality of the arousal circuit driven by bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (associated with the default mode network) predicts subjects' cognitive abilities. This suggests that a cortical region that is typically associated with self-referential processing supports cognition by regulating the arousal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Podvalny
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Ruben Sanchez-Romero
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Michael W. Cole
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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15
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He X, Calhoun VD, Du Y. SMART (Splitting-Merging Assisted Reliable) Independent Component Analysis for Extracting Accurate Brain Functional Networks. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01184-4. [PMID: 38491231 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional networks (FNs) hold significant promise in understanding brain function. Independent component analysis (ICA) has been applied in estimating FNs from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, determining an optimal model order for ICA remains challenging, leading to criticism about the reliability of FN estimation. Here, we propose a SMART (splitting-merging assisted reliable) ICA method that automatically extracts reliable FNs by clustering independent components (ICs) obtained from multi-model-order ICA using a simplified graph while providing linkages among FNs deduced from different-model orders. We extend SMART ICA to multi-subject fMRI analysis, validating its effectiveness using simulated and real fMRI data. Based on simulated data, the method accurately estimates both group-common and group-unique components and demonstrates robustness to parameters. Using two age-matched cohorts of resting fMRI data comprising 1,950 healthy subjects, the resulting reliable group-level FNs are greatly similar between the two cohorts, and interestingly the subject-specific FNs show progressive changes while age increases. Furthermore, both small-scale and large-scale brain FN templates are provided as benchmarks for future studies. Taken together, SMART ICA can automatically obtain reliable FNs in analyzing multi-subject fMRI data, while also providing linkages between different FNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu He
- School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, 30303, USA
| | - Yuhui Du
- School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, 30303, USA.
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16
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Ikeda S, Jeong H, Sasaki Y, Sakaki K, Yamazaki S, Nozawa T, Kawashima R. Predicting conversational satisfaction of face-to-face conversation through interpersonal similarity in resting-state functional connectivity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6015. [PMID: 38472307 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56718-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
When conversing with an unacquainted person, if it goes well, we can obtain much satisfaction (referred to as conversational satisfaction). Can we predict how satisfied dyads will be with face-to-face conversation? To this end, we employed interpersonal similarity in whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC), measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging before dyadic conversation. We investigated whether conversational satisfaction could be predicted from interpersonal similarity in RSFC using multivariate pattern analysis. Consequently, prediction was successful, suggesting that interpersonal similarity in RSFC is an effective neural biomarker predicting how much face-to-face conversation goes well. Furthermore, regression coefficients from predictive models suggest that both interpersonal similarity and dissimilarity contribute to good interpersonal relationships in terms of brain activity. The present study provides the potential of an interpersonal similarity approach using RSFC for understanding the foundations of human relationships and new neuroscientific insight into whether success in human interactions is predetermined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyuki Ikeda
- Department of Ubiquitous Sensing, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hyeonjeong Jeong
- Graduate School of International Cultural Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukako Sasaki
- Department of Advanced Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kohei Sakaki
- Department of Advanced Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shohei Yamazaki
- Department of Human Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nozawa
- Research Institute for the Earth Inclusive Sensing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kawashima
- Department of Ubiquitous Sensing, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Advanced Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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17
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Caeyenberghs K, Imms P, Irimia A, Monti MM, Esopenko C, de Souza NL, Dominguez D JF, Newsome MR, Dobryakova E, Cwiek A, Mullin HAC, Kim NJ, Mayer AR, Adamson MM, Bickart K, Breedlove KM, Dennis EL, Disner SG, Haswell C, Hodges CB, Hoskinson KR, Johnson PK, Königs M, Li LM, Liebel SW, Livny A, Morey RA, Muir AM, Olsen A, Razi A, Su M, Tate DF, Velez C, Wilde EA, Zielinski BA, Thompson PM, Hillary FG. ENIGMA's simple seven: Recommendations to enhance the reproducibility of resting-state fMRI in traumatic brain injury. Neuroimage Clin 2024; 42:103585. [PMID: 38531165 PMCID: PMC10982609 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) provides researchers and clinicians with a powerful tool to examine functional connectivity across large-scale brain networks, with ever-increasing applications to the study of neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). While rsfMRI holds unparalleled promise in systems neurosciences, its acquisition and analytical methodology across research groups is variable, resulting in a literature that is challenging to integrate and interpret. The focus of this narrative review is to address the primary methodological issues including investigator decision points in the application of rsfMRI to study the consequences of TBI. As part of the ENIGMA Brain Injury working group, we have collaborated to identify a minimum set of recommendations that are designed to produce results that are reliable, harmonizable, and reproducible for the TBI imaging research community. Part one of this review provides the results of a literature search of current rsfMRI studies of TBI, highlighting key design considerations and data processing pipelines. Part two outlines seven data acquisition, processing, and analysis recommendations with the goal of maximizing study reliability and between-site comparability, while preserving investigator autonomy. Part three summarizes new directions and opportunities for future rsfMRI studies in TBI patients. The goal is to galvanize the TBI community to gain consensus for a set of rigorous and reproducible methods, and to increase analytical transparency and data sharing to address the reproducibility crisis in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Caeyenberghs
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Phoebe Imms
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Andrei Irimia
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, Andrew & Erna Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Quantitative & Computational Biology, Dana and David Dornsife College of Arts & Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Martin M Monti
- Department of Psychology, UCLA, USA; Brain Injury Research Center (BIRC), Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA, USA.
| | - Carrie Esopenko
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.
| | - Nicola L de Souza
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.
| | - Juan F Dominguez D
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Mary R Newsome
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Ekaterina Dobryakova
- Center for Traumatic Brain Injury, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ, USA; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Andrew Cwiek
- Department of Psychology, Penn State University, State College, PA, USA.
| | - Hollie A C Mullin
- Department of Psychology, Penn State University, State College, PA, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Kim
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, Andrew & Erna Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Andrew R Mayer
- Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Maheen M Adamson
- Women's Operational Military Exposure Network (WOMEN) & Rehabilitation Department, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Rehabilitation Service, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Neurosurgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Kevin Bickart
- UCLA Steve Tisch BrainSPORT Program, USA; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA.
| | - Katherine M Breedlove
- Center for Clinical Spectroscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Emily L Dennis
- TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Seth G Disner
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Courtney Haswell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Cooper B Hodges
- TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
| | - Kristen R Hoskinson
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, OH, USA.
| | - Paula K Johnson
- TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
| | - Marsh Königs
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Emma Neuroscience Group, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Lucia M Li
- C3NL, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; UK DRI Centre for Health Care and Technology, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Spencer W Liebel
- TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Abigail Livny
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Rajendra A Morey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Alexandra M Muir
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
| | - Alexander Olsen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Clinic of Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; NorHEAD - Norwegian Centre for Headache Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Adeel Razi
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, WC1N 3AR London, United Kingdom; CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program, CIFAR, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Matthew Su
- H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - David F Tate
- TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Carmen Velez
- TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Elisabeth A Wilde
- H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Brandon A Zielinski
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology, and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology, and Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
| | - Frank G Hillary
- Department of Psychology, Penn State University, State College, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, Hershey Medical Center, PA, USA.
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18
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Nanni-Zepeda M, DeGutis J, Wu C, Rothlein D, Fan Y, Grimm S, Walter M, Esterman M, Zuberer A. Neural signatures of shared subjective affective engagement and disengagement during movie viewing. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26622. [PMID: 38488450 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
When watching a negative emotional movie, we differ from person to person in the ease with which we engage and the difficulty with which we disengage throughout a temporally evolving narrative. We investigated neural responses of emotional processing, by considering inter-individual synchronization in subjective emotional engagement and disengagement. The neural underpinnings of these shared responses are ideally studied in naturalistic scenarios like movie viewing, wherein individuals emotionally engage and disengage at their own time and pace throughout the course of a narrative. Despite the rich data that naturalistic designs can bring to the study, there is a challenge in determining time-resolved behavioral markers of subjective engagement and disengagement and their underlying neural responses. We used a within-subject cross-over design instructing 22 subjects to watch clips of either neutral or sad content while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants watched the same movies a second time while continuously annotating the perceived emotional intensity, thus enabling the mapping of brain activity and emotional experience. Our analyses revealed that between-participant similarity in waxing (engagement) and waning (disengagement) of emotional intensity was directly related to the between-participant similarity in spatiotemporal patterns of brain activation during the movie(s). Similar patterns of engagement reflected common activation in the bilateral ventromedial prefrontal cortex, regions often involved in self-referenced evaluation and generation of negative emotions. Similar patterns of disengagement reflected common activation in central executive and default mode network regions often involved in top-down emotion regulation. Together this work helps to better understand cognitive and neural mechanisms underpinning engagement and disengagement from emotionally evocative narratives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanni Nanni-Zepeda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joseph DeGutis
- Boston Attention and Learning Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charley Wu
- Human and Machine Cognition Lab, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Rothlein
- Boston Attention and Learning Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yan Fan
- Department Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Simone Grimm
- Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Esterman
- Boston Attention and Learning Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Agnieszka Zuberer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Boston Attention and Learning Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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Boerwinkle VL, Manjón I, Sussman BL, McGary A, Mirea L, Gillette K, Broman-Fulks J, Cediel EG, Arhin M, Hunter SE, Wyckoff SN, Allred K, Tom D. Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Network Association With Mortality, Epilepsy, Cognition, and Motor Two-Year Outcomes in Suspected Severe Neonatal Acute Brain Injury. Pediatr Neurol 2024; 152:41-55. [PMID: 38198979 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In acute brain injury of neonates, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (RS) showed incremental association with consciousness, mortality, cognitive and motor development, and epilepsy, with correction for multiple comparisons, at six months postgestation in neonates with suspected acute brain injury (ABI). However, there are relatively few developmental milestones at six months to benchmark against, thus, we extended this cohort study to evaluate two-year outcomes. METHODS In 40 consecutive neonates with ABI and RS, ordinal scores of resting-state networks; MRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and electroencephalography; and up to 42-month outcomes of mortality, general and motor development, Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category Scale (PCPC), and epilepsy informed associations between tests and outcomes. RESULTS Mean gestational age was 37.8 weeks, 68% were male, and 60% had hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Three died in-hospital, four at six to 42 months, and five were lost to follow-up. Associations included basal ganglia network with PCPC (P = 0.0003), all-mortality (P = 0.005), and motor (P = 0.0004); language/frontoparietal network with developmental delay (P = 0.009), PCPC (P = 0.006), and all-mortality (P = 0.01); default mode network with developmental delay (P = 0.003), PCPC (P = 0.004), neonatal intensive care unit mortality (P = 0.01), and motor (P = 0.009); RS seizure onset zone with epilepsy (P = 0.01); and anatomic MRI with epilepsy (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION For the first time, at any age, resting state functional MRI in ABI is associated with long-term epilepsy and RSNs predicted mortality in neonates. Severity of RSN abnormality was associated with incrementally worsened neurodevelopment including cognition, language, and motor function over two years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varina L Boerwinkle
- Division of Child Neurology, University of North Carolina Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
| | - Iliana Manjón
- University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Bethany L Sussman
- Division of Neuroscience Research, Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Alyssa McGary
- Department of Clinical Research, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Lucia Mirea
- Department of Clinical Research, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Kirsten Gillette
- Division of Child Neurology, University of North Carolina Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jordan Broman-Fulks
- Division of Child Neurology, University of North Carolina Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Emilio G Cediel
- Division of Child Neurology, University of North Carolina Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Martin Arhin
- Division of Child Neurology, University of North Carolina Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Senyene E Hunter
- Division of Child Neurology, University of North Carolina Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sarah N Wyckoff
- Division of Neuroscience Research, Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Kimberlee Allred
- Division of Neonatology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Deborah Tom
- Division of Neonatology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
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20
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Nakamura NH, Oku Y, Fukunaga M. "Brain-breath" interactions: respiration-timing-dependent impact on functional brain networks and beyond. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:165-182. [PMID: 37651646 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Breathing is a natural daily action that one cannot do without, and it sensitively and intensely changes under various situations. What if this essential act of breathing can impact our overall well-being? Recent studies have demonstrated that breathing oscillations couple with higher brain functions, i.e., perception, motor actions, and cognition. Moreover, the timing of breathing, a phase transition from exhalation to inhalation, modulates specific cortical activity and accuracy in cognitive tasks. To determine possible respiratory roles in attentional and memory processes and functional neural networks, we discussed how breathing interacts with the brain that are measured by electrophysiology and functional neuroimaging: (i) respiration-dependent modulation of mental health and cognition; (ii) respiratory rhythm generation and respiratory pontomedullary networks in the brainstem; (iii) respiration-dependent effects on specific brainstem regions and functional neural networks (e.g., glutamatergic PreBötzinger complex neurons, GABAergic parafacial neurons, adrenergic C1 neurons, parabrachial nucleus, locus coeruleus, temporoparietal junction, default-mode network, ventral attention network, and cingulo-opercular salience network); and (iv) a potential application of breathing manipulation in mental health care. These outlines and considerations of "brain-breath" interactions lead to a better understanding of the interoceptive and cognitive mechanisms that underlie brain-body interactions in health conditions and in stress-related and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomu H Nakamura
- Division of Physiome, Department of Physiology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1, Mukogawa cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oku
- Division of Physiome, Department of Physiology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1, Mukogawa cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute of Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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21
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Hsu LM, Cerri DH, Lee SH, Shnitko TA, Carelli RM, Shih YYI. Intrinsic Functional Connectivity between the Anterior Insular and Retrosplenial Cortex as a Moderator and Consequence of Cocaine Self-Administration in Rats. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1452232023. [PMID: 38233216 PMCID: PMC10869158 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1452-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
While functional brain imaging studies in humans suggest that chronic cocaine use alters functional connectivity (FC) within and between key large-scale brain networks, including the default mode network (DMN), the salience network (SN), and the central executive network (CEN), cross-sectional studies in humans are challenging to obtain brain FC prior to cocaine use. Such information is critical to reveal the relationship between individual's brain FC and the subsequent development of cocaine dependence and brain changes during abstinence. Here, we performed a longitudinal study examining functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in male rats (n = 7), acquired before cocaine self-administration (baseline), on 1 d of abstinence following 10 d of cocaine self-administration, and again after 30 d of experimenter-imposed abstinence. Using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with network-based statistics (NBS), significant connectivity changes were found between anterior insular cortex (AI) of the SN, retrosplenial cortex (RSC) of the DMN, somatosensory cortex, and caudate-putamen (CPu), with AI-RSC FC showing the most robust changes between baseline and 1 d of abstinence. Additionally, the level of escalated cocaine intake is associated with AI-RSC and AI-CPu FC changes between 1 d and 30 d of abstinence; further, the subjects' AI-RSC FC prior to cocaine intake is a significant moderator for the AI-RSC changes during abstinence. These results provide novel insights into the roles of AI-RSC FC before and after cocaine intake and suggest this circuit to be a potential target to modulate large-scale network and associated behavioral changes in cocaine use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Hsu
- Center for Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Departments of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
| | - Domenic H Cerri
- Center for Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Departments of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Center for Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Departments of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
| | - Tatiana A Shnitko
- Center for Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Departments of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
| | - Regina M Carelli
- Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Center for Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
- Departments of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina
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22
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Mohamed AZ, Kwiatek R, Del Fante P, Calhoun VD, Lagopoulos J, Shan ZY. Functional MRI of the Brainstem for Assessing Its Autonomic Functions: From Imaging Parameters and Analysis to Functional Atlas. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38339792 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brainstem is a crucial component of the central autonomic nervous (CAN) system. Functional MRI (fMRI) of the brainstem remains challenging due to a range of factors, including diverse imaging protocols, analysis, and interpretation. PURPOSE To develop an fMRI protocol for establishing a functional atlas in the brainstem. STUDY TYPE Prospective cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS Ten healthy subjects (four males, six females). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Using a 3.0 Tesla MR scanner, we acquired T1-weighted images and three different fMRI scans using fMRI protocols of the optimized functional Imaging of Brainstem (FIBS), the Human Connectome Project (HCP), and the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) project. ASSESSMENT The temporal signal-to-noise-ratio (TSNR) of fMRI data was compared between the FIBS, HCP, and ABCD protocols. Additionally, the main normalization algorithms (i.e., FSL-FNIRT, SPM-DARTEL, and ANTS-SyN) were compared to identify the best approach to normalize brainstem data using root-mean-square (RMS) error computed based on manually defined reference points. Finally, a functional autonomic brainstem atlas that maps brainstem regions involved in the CAN system was defined using meta-analysis and data-driven approaches. STATISTICAL TESTS ANOVA was used to compare the performance of different imaging and preprocessing pipelines with multiple comparison corrections (P ≤ 0.05). Dice coefficient estimated ROI overlap, with 50% overlap between ROIs identified in each approach considered significant. RESULTS The optimized FIBS protocol showed significantly higher brainstem TSNR than the HCP and ABCD protocols (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, FSL-FNIRT RMS error (2.1 ± 1.22 mm; P ≤ 0.001) exceeded SPM (1.5 ± 0.75 mm; P ≤ 0.01) and ANTs (1.1 ± 0.54 mm). Finally, a set of 12 final brainstem ROIs with dice coefficient ≥0.50, as a step toward the development of a functional brainstem atlas. DATA CONCLUSION The FIBS protocol yielded more robust brainstem CAN results and outperformed both the HCP and ABCD protocols. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla Z Mohamed
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard Kwiatek
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter Del Fante
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jim Lagopoulos
- Thompson Brain and Mind Healthcare, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zack Y Shan
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
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23
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Golestani AM, Chen JJ. Comparing data-driven physiological denoising approaches for resting-state fMRI: implications for the study of aging. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1223230. [PMID: 38379761 PMCID: PMC10876882 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1223230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Physiological nuisance contributions by cardiac and respiratory signals have a significant impact on resting-state fMRI data quality. As these physiological signals are often not recorded, data-driven denoising methods are commonly used to estimate and remove physiological noise from fMRI data. To investigate the efficacy of these denoising methods, one of the first steps is to accurately capture the cardiac and respiratory signals, which requires acquiring fMRI data with high temporal resolution. Methods In this study, we used such high-temporal resolution fMRI data to evaluate the effectiveness of several data-driven denoising methods, including global-signal regression (GSR), white matter and cerebrospinal fluid regression (WM-CSF), anatomical (aCompCor) and temporal CompCor (tCompCor), ICA-AROMA. Our analysis focused on the consequence of changes in low-frequency, cardiac and respiratory signal power, as well as age-related differences in terms of functional connectivity (fcMRI). Results Our results confirm that the ICA-AROMA and GSR removed the most physiological noise but also more low-frequency signals. These methods are also associated with substantially lower age-related fcMRI differences. On the other hand, aCompCor and tCompCor appear to be better at removing high-frequency physiological signals but not low-frequency signal power. These methods are also associated with relatively higher age-related fcMRI differences, whether driven by neuronal signal or residual artifact. These results were reproduced in data downsampled to represent conventional fMRI sampling frequency. Lastly, methods differ in performance depending on the age group. Discussion While this study cautions direct comparisons of fcMRI results based on different denoising methods in the study of aging, it also enhances the understanding of different denoising methods in broader fcMRI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M. Golestani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J. Jean Chen
- Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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24
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Leaver AM, Chen YJ, Parrish TB. Focal tDCS of auditory cortex in chronic tinnitus: A randomized controlled mechanistic trial. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 158:79-91. [PMID: 38198874 PMCID: PMC10896454 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this pilot study was to understand how focal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting auditory cortex changes brain function in chronic tinnitus using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS People with chronic tinnitus were randomized to active or sham tDCS on five consecutive days in this mechanistic trial (n = 10/group). Focal 4x1 tDCS (central anode, surround cathodes) targeted left auditory cortex, with single-blind 2 mA current during twenty-minute sessions. Arterial spin-labeled and blood oxygenation level dependent MRI occurred immediately before and after the first tDCS session, and tinnitus symptoms were measured starting one week before the first tDCS session and through four weeks after the final session. RESULTS Acute increases in cerebral blood flow and functional connectivity were noted in auditory cortex after the first active tDCS session. Reduced tinnitus loudness ratings after the final tDCS session correlated with acute change in functional connectivity between an auditory network and mediodorsal thalamus and prefrontal cortex. Reduced tinnitus intrusiveness also correlated with acute change in connectivity between precuneus and an auditory network. CONCLUSIONS Focal auditory-cortex tDCS can influence function in thalamus, auditory, and prefrontal cortex, which may associate with improved tinnitus. SIGNIFICANCE With future refinement, tDCS targeting auditory cortex could become a viable intervention for tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Leaver
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Yufen J Chen
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Todd B Parrish
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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25
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Mitolo M, D'Adda F, Evangelisti S, Pellegrini L, Gramegna LL, Bianchini C, Talozzi L, Manners DN, Testa C, Berardi D, Lodi R, Menchetti M, Tonon C. Emotion dysregulation, impulsivity and anger rumination in borderline personality disorder: the role of amygdala and insula. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:109-116. [PMID: 37086305 PMCID: PMC10786743 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder, characterized by deficits in emotion regulation, interpersonal dysfunctions, dissociation and impulsivity. Brain abnormalities have been generally explored; however, the specific contribution of different limbic structures to BPD symptomatology is not described. The aim of this study is to cover this gap, exploring functional and structural alterations of amygdala and insula and to highlight their contribution to neuropsychiatric symptoms. Twenty-eight BPD patients (23.7 ± 3.42 years; 6 M/22F) and twenty-eight matched healthy controls underwent a brain MR protocol (1.5 T, including a 3D T1-weighted sequence and resting-state fMRI) and a complete neuropsychiatric assessment. Volumetry, cortical thickness and functional connectivity of amygdala and insula were evaluated, along with correlations with the neuropsychiatric scales. BPD patients showed a lower cortical thickness of the left insula (p = 0.027) that negatively correlated with the Anger Rumination Scale (p = 0.019; r = - 0.450). A focused analysis on female patients showed a significant reduction of right amygdala volumes in BPD (p = 0.037), that correlate with Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (p = 0.031; r = - 0.415), Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.009; r = - 0.50) and Ruminative Response Scale (p = 0.045; r = - 0.389). Reduced functional connectivity was found in BPD between amygdala and frontal pole, precuneus and temporal pole. This functional connectivity alterations correlated with Anger Rumination Scale (p = .009; r = - 0.491) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (p = 0.020; r = - 0.447). Amygdala and insula are altered in BPD patients, and these two limbic structures are implicated in specific neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as difficulty in emotion regulation, depression, anger and depressive rumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mitolo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - F D'Adda
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Local Health Trust of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Evangelisti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Pellegrini
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Welwyn Garden City, UK
| | - L L Gramegna
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Bianchini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Talozzi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D N Manners
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Testa
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Berardi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Lodi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Menchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Tonon
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Chen Y, Fernandez Z, Scheel N, Gifani M, Zhu DC, Counts SE, Dorrance AM, Razansky D, Yu X, Qian W, Qian C. Novel inductively coupled ear-bars (ICEs) to enhance restored fMRI signal from susceptibility compensation in rats. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad479. [PMID: 38100332 PMCID: PMC10793587 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging faces inherent challenges when applied to deep-brain areas in rodents, e.g. entorhinal cortex, due to the signal loss near the ear cavities induced by susceptibility artifacts and reduced sensitivity induced by the long distance from the surface array coil. Given the pivotal roles of deep brain regions in various diseases, optimized imaging techniques are needed. To mitigate susceptibility-induced signal losses, we introduced baby cream into the middle ear. To enhance the detection sensitivity of deep brain regions, we implemented inductively coupled ear-bars, resulting in approximately a 2-fold increase in sensitivity in entorhinal cortex. Notably, the inductively coupled ear-bar can be seamlessly integrated as an add-on device, without necessitating modifications to the scanner interface. To underscore the versatility of inductively coupled ear-bars, we conducted echo-planner imaging-based task functional magnetic resonance imaging in rats modeling Alzheimer's disease. As a proof of concept, we also demonstrated resting-state-functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity maps originating from the left entorhinal cortex-a central hub for memory and navigation networks-to amygdala hippocampal area, Insular Cortex, Prelimbic Systems, Cingulate Cortex, Secondary Visual Cortex, and Motor Cortex. This work demonstrates an optimized procedure for acquiring large-scale networks emanating from a previously challenging seed region by conventional magnetic resonance imaging detectors, thereby facilitating improved observation of functional magnetic resonance imaging outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of High-field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Cognitive Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Zachary Fernandez
- Department of Radiology and Cognitive Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Norman Scheel
- Department of Radiology and Cognitive Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Mahsa Gifani
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, United States
| | - David C Zhu
- Department of Radiology and Cognitive Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Scott E Counts
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, United States
- Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, United States
- Department of Hauenstein Neurosciences Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary’s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49508, United States
- Michigan Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, United States
| | - Anne M Dorrance
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich 8006, Switzerland
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, , Zurich 8092, Switzerland
- Zurich Neuroscience Center, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Xin Yu
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02114, United States
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Chunqi Qian
- Department of Radiology and Cognitive Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
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Hajebrahimi F, Budak M, Saricaoglu M, Temel Z, Demir TK, Hanoglu L, Yildirim S, Bayraktaroglu Z. Functional neural networks stratify Parkinson's disease patients across the spectrum of cognitive impairment. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3395. [PMID: 38376051 PMCID: PMC10808882 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive impairment (CI) is a significant non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) that often precedes the emergence of motor symptoms by several years. Patients with PD hypothetically progress from stages without CI (PD-normal cognition [NC]) to stages with Mild CI (PD-MCI) and PD dementia (PDD). CI symptoms in PD are linked to different brain regions and neural pathways, in addition to being the result of dysfunctional subcortical regions. However, it is still unknown how functional dysregulation correlates to progression during the CI. Neuroimaging techniques hold promise in discriminating CI stages of PD and further contribute to the biomarker formation of CI in PD. In this study, we explore disparities in the clinical assessments and resting-state functional connectivity (FC) among three CI stages of PD. METHODS We enrolled 88 patients with PD and 26 healthy controls (HC) for a cross sectional clinical study and performed intra- and inter-network FC analysis in conjunction with comprehensive clinical cognitive assessment. RESULTS Our findings underscore the significance of several neural networks, namely, the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), dorsal attention network, and visual network (VN) and their inter-intra-network FC in differentiating between PD-MCI and PDD. Additionally, our results showed the importance of sensory motor network, VN, DMN, and salience network (SN) in the discriminating PD-NC from PDD. Finally, in comparison to HC, we found DMN, FPN, VN, and SN as pivotal networks for further differential diagnosis of CI stages of PD. CONCLUSION We propose that resting-state networks (RSN) can be a discriminating factor in distinguishing the CI stages of PD and progressing from PD-NC to MCI or PDD. The integration of clinical and neuroimaging data may enhance the early detection of PD in clinical settings and potentially prevent the disease from advancing to more severe stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Hajebrahimi
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive‐Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA)Istanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, School of Health SciencesIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers University, School of Health ProfessionsRutgers Biomedical and Health SciencesNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Miray Budak
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive‐Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA)Istanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Department of Ergotherapy, School of Health SciencesIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral NeuroscienceRutgers University‐NewarkNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Mevhibe Saricaoglu
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive‐Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA)Istanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Program of Electroneurophysiology, Vocational SchoolIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Zeynep Temel
- Department of PsychologyFatih Sultan Mehmet Vakif UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Tugce Kahraman Demir
- Program of Electroneurophysiology, Vocational SchoolBiruni UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Lutfu Hanoglu
- Department of Neurology, School of MedicineIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA)Istanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Suleyman Yildirim
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA)Istanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Department of Medical Microbiology, International School of MedicineIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Zubeyir Bayraktaroglu
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive‐Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA)Istanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA)Istanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Department of Physiology, International School of MedicineIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
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28
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Meissner SN, Bächinger M, Kikkert S, Imhof J, Missura S, Carro Dominguez M, Wenderoth N. Self-regulating arousal via pupil-based biofeedback. Nat Hum Behav 2024; 8:43-62. [PMID: 37904022 PMCID: PMC10810759 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The brain's arousal state is controlled by several neuromodulatory nuclei known to substantially influence cognition and mental well-being. Here we investigate whether human participants can gain volitional control of their arousal state using a pupil-based biofeedback approach. Our approach inverts a mechanism suggested by previous literature that links activity of the locus coeruleus, one of the key regulators of central arousal and pupil dynamics. We show that pupil-based biofeedback enables participants to acquire volitional control of pupil size. Applying pupil self-regulation systematically modulates activity of the locus coeruleus and other brainstem structures involved in arousal control. Furthermore, it modulates cardiovascular measures such as heart rate, and behavioural and psychophysiological responses during an oddball task. We provide evidence that pupil-based biofeedback makes the brain's arousal system accessible to volitional control, a finding that has tremendous potential for translation to behavioural and clinical applications across various domains, including stress-related and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nadine Meissner
- Neural Control of Movement Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Marc Bächinger
- Neural Control of Movement Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sanne Kikkert
- Neural Control of Movement Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jenny Imhof
- Neural Control of Movement Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Missura
- Neural Control of Movement Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Carro Dominguez
- Neural Control of Movement Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Wenderoth
- Neural Control of Movement Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore-ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore.
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29
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Kuchling J, Jurek B, Kents M, Kreye J, Geis C, Wickel J, Mueller S, Koch SP, Boehm-Sturm P, Prüss H, Finke C. Impaired functional connectivity of the hippocampus in translational murine models of NMDA-receptor antibody associated neuropsychiatric pathology. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:85-96. [PMID: 37875549 PMCID: PMC11078734 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Decreased hippocampal connectivity and disruption of functional networks are established resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) features that are associated with neuropsychiatric symptom severity in human anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. However, the underlying pathophysiology of NMDAR encephalitis remains poorly understood. Application of patient-derived monoclonal antibodies against the NR1 (GluN1) subunit of the NMDAR now allows for the translational investigation of functional connectivity in experimental murine NMDAR antibody disease models with neurodevelopmental disorders. Using rs-fMRI, we studied functional connectivity alterations in (1) adult C57BL/6 J mice that were intrathecally injected with a recombinant human NR1 antibody over 14 days (n = 10) and in (2) a newly established mouse model with in utero exposure to a human recombinant NR1 antibody (NR1-offspring) at the age of (2a) 8 weeks (n = 15) and (2b) 10 months (n = 14). Adult NR1-antibody injected mice showed impaired functional connectivity within the left hippocampus compared to controls, resembling impaired connectivity patterns observed in human NMDAR encephalitis patients. Similarly, NR1-offspring showed significantly reduced functional connectivity in the hippocampus after 8 weeks, and impaired connectivity in the hippocampus was likewise observed in NR1-offspring at the age of 10 months. We successfully reproduced functional connectivity changes within the hippocampus in different experimental murine systems that were previously observed in human NMDAR encephalitis patients. Translational application of this method within a combined imaging and histopathological framework will allow future experimental studies to identify the underlying biological mechanisms and may eventually facilitate non-invasive monitoring of disease activity and treatment responses in autoimmune encephalitis.
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Grants
- J.Ku is participant in the BIH-Charité Junior Clinician Scientist Program
- J.Kr is participant in the BIH-Charité Clinician Scientist Program funded by the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Berlin Institute of Health.
- C.G. is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation: grant numbers GE2519/8-1, GE2519/9-1, FOR3004 and GE2519/11-1), by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF: grant numbers 01EW1901, 01GM1908B), and receives funding from Hermann und Lilly Schilling Foundation.
- H.P. is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation: grant numbers PR 1274/2-1, PR 1274/3-1, FOR3004 and PR 1274/5-1), by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF: grant numbers 01GM1908D, CONNECT-GENERATE), and by the Helmholtz Association (HIL-A03).
- C.F. is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation: grant numbers FI 2309/1-1 and FI 2309/2-1), and by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; grant numbers 01GM1908D, CONNECT-GENERATE)
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kuchling
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Betty Jurek
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mariya Kents
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakob Kreye
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Geis
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jonathan Wickel
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Susanne Mueller
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Core Facility 7 T Experimental MRIs, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Stroke Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Paul Koch
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Core Facility 7 T Experimental MRIs, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Stroke Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Boehm-Sturm
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Core Facility 7 T Experimental MRIs, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Stroke Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Prüss
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Carsten Finke
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Berlin, Germany.
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30
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Thomas SA, Ryan SK, Gilman J. Resting state network connectivity is associated with cognitive flexibility performance in youth in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Neuropsychologia 2023; 191:108708. [PMID: 37898357 PMCID: PMC10842068 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility is an executive functioning skill that develops in childhood, and when impaired, has transdiagnostic implications for psychiatric disorders. To identify how intrinsic neural architecture at rest is linked to cognitive flexibility performance, we used the data-driven method of independent component analysis (ICA) to investigate resting state networks (RSNs) and their whole-brain connectivity associated with levels of cognitive flexibility performance in children. We hypothesized differences by cognitive flexibility performance in RSN connectivity strength in cortico-striatal circuitry, which would manifest via the executive control network, right and left frontoparietal networks (FPN), salience network, default mode network (DMN), and basal ganglia network. We selected participants from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study who scored at the 25th, ("CF-Low"), 50th ("CF-Average"), or 75th percentiles ("CF-High") on a cognitive flexibility task, were early to middle puberty, and did not exhibit significant psychopathology (n = 967, 47.9% female; ages 9-10). We conducted whole-brain ICA, identifying 14 well-characterized RSNs. Groups differed in connectivity strength in the right FPN, anterior DMN, and posterior DMN. Planned comparisons indicated CF-High had stronger connectivity between right FPN and supplementary motor/anterior cingulate than CF-Low. CF-High had more anti-correlated connectivity between anterior DMN and precuneus than CF-Average. CF-Low had stronger connectivity between posterior DMN and supplementary motor/anterior cingulate than CF-Average. Post-hoc correlations with reaction time by trial type demonstrated significant associations with connectivity. In sum, our results suggest childhood cognitive flexibility performance is associated with DMN and FPN connectivity strength at rest, and that there may be optimal levels of connectivity associated with task performance that vary by network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Thomas
- Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, 25 Hoppin St., Box #36, Providence, RI, 02903, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Box 1901, 164 Angell St., 4th Floor, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Sarah K Ryan
- Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, 25 Hoppin St., Box #36, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - Jodi Gilman
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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31
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Evangelisti S, Boessenkool S, Pflanz CP, Basting R, Betts JF, Jenkinson M, Clare S, Muhammed K, LeHeron C, Armstrong R, Klein JC, Husain M, Nemeth AH, Hu MT, Douaud G. Subthalamic nucleus shows opposite functional connectivity pattern in Huntington's and Parkinson's disease. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad282. [PMID: 38075949 PMCID: PMC10699743 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington's and Parkinson's disease are two movement disorders representing mainly opposite states of the basal ganglia inhibitory function. Despite being an integral part of the cortico-subcortico-cortical circuitry, the subthalamic nucleus function has been studied at the level of detail required to isolate its signal only through invasive studies in Huntington's and Parkinson's disease. Here, we tested whether the subthalamic nucleus exhibited opposite functional signatures in early Huntington's and Parkinson's disease. We included both movement disorders in the same whole-brain imaging study, and leveraged ultra-high-field 7T MRI to achieve the very fine resolution needed to investigate the smallest of the basal ganglia nuclei. Eleven of the 12 Huntington's disease carriers were recruited at a premanifest stage, while 16 of the 18 Parkinson's disease patients only exhibited unilateral motor symptoms (15 were at Stage I of Hoehn and Yahr off medication). Our group comparison interaction analyses, including 24 healthy controls, revealed a differential effect of Huntington's and Parkinson's disease on the functional connectivity at rest of the subthalamic nucleus within the sensorimotor network, i.e. an opposite effect compared with their respective age-matched healthy control groups. This differential impact in the subthalamic nucleus included an area precisely corresponding to the deep brain stimulation 'sweet spot'-the area with maximum overall efficacy-in Parkinson's disease. Importantly, the severity of deviation away from controls' resting-state values in the subthalamic nucleus was associated with the severity of motor and cognitive symptoms in both diseases, despite functional connectivity going in opposite directions in each disorder. We also observed an altered, opposite impact of Huntington's and Parkinson's disease on functional connectivity within the sensorimotor cortex, once again with relevant associations with clinical symptoms. The high resolution offered by the 7T scanner has thus made it possible to explore the complex interplay between the disease effects and their contribution on the subthalamic nucleus, and sensorimotor cortex. Taken altogether, these findings reveal for the first time non-invasively in humans a differential, clinically meaningful impact of the pathophysiological process of these two movement disorders on the overall sensorimotor functional connection of the subthalamic nucleus and sensorimotor cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Evangelisti
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sirius Boessenkool
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Chris Patrick Pflanz
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK
| | - Romina Basting
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, OX2 6GG Oxford, UK
| | - Jill F Betts
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Jenkinson
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- School of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stuart Clare
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Kinan Muhammed
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Campbell LeHeron
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, 8011 Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Richard Armstrong
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Johannes C Klein
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Masud Husain
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, OX2 6GG Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea H Nemeth
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Michele T Hu
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - Gwenaëlle Douaud
- FMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
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32
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Thapaliya G, Eldeghaidy S, Radford SJ, Francis ST, Moran GW. An examination of resting-state functional connectivity in patients with active Crohn's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1265815. [PMID: 38125406 PMCID: PMC10731262 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1265815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in Crohn's Disease (CD) have been documented in default mode network (DMN) and frontal parietal network (FPN) areas, visual, cerebellar, salience and attention resting-state-networks (RSNs), constituting a CD specific neural phenotype. To date, most studies are in patients in remission, with limited studies in active disease. Methods Twenty five active CD cases and 25 age-, BMI- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited to a resting-state-functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) study. Active disease was defined as C-reactive protein>5 mg/dL, faecal calprotectin>250 μg/g, or through ileocolonoscopy or MRE. rs-fMRI data were analysed using independent component analysis (ICA) and dual regression. Differences in RSNs between HCs and active CD were assessed, and rs-FC was associated with disease duration and abdominal pain. Results Increased connectivity in the FPN (fusiform gyrus, thalamus, caudate, posterior cingulate cortex, postcentral gyrus) and visual RSN (orbital frontal cortex) were observed in CD versus HC. Decreased activity was observed in the salience network (cerebellum, postcentral gyrus), DMN (parahippocampal gyrus, cerebellum), and cerebellar network (occipital fusiform gyrus, cerebellum) in CD versus HCs. Greater abdominal pain scores were associated with lower connectivity in the precuneus (visual network) and parietal operculum (salience network), and higher connectivity in the cerebellum (frontal network). Greater disease duration was associated with greater connectivity in the middle temporal gyrus and planum temporale (visual network). Conclusion Alterations in rs-FC in active CD in RSNs implicated in cognition, attention, emotion, and pain may represent neural correlates of chronic systemic inflammation, abdominal pain, disease duration, and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Thapaliya
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sally Eldeghaidy
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Shellie J. Radford
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Susan T. Francis
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon William Moran
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Iraji A, Fu Z, Faghiri A, Duda M, Chen J, Rachakonda S, DeRamus T, Kochunov P, Adhikari BM, Belger A, Ford JM, Mathalon DH, Pearlson GD, Potkin SG, Preda A, Turner JA, van Erp TGM, Bustillo JR, Yang K, Ishizuka K, Faria A, Sawa A, Hutchison K, Osuch EA, Theberge J, Abbott C, Mueller BA, Zhi D, Zhuo C, Liu S, Xu Y, Salman M, Liu J, Du Y, Sui J, Adali T, Calhoun VD. Identifying canonical and replicable multi-scale intrinsic connectivity networks in 100k+ resting-state fMRI datasets. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5729-5748. [PMID: 37787573 PMCID: PMC10619392 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the known benefits of data-driven approaches, the lack of approaches for identifying functional neuroimaging patterns that capture both individual variations and inter-subject correspondence limits the clinical utility of rsfMRI and its application to single-subject analyses. Here, using rsfMRI data from over 100k individuals across private and public datasets, we identify replicable multi-spatial-scale canonical intrinsic connectivity network (ICN) templates via the use of multi-model-order independent component analysis (ICA). We also study the feasibility of estimating subject-specific ICNs via spatially constrained ICA. The results show that the subject-level ICN estimations vary as a function of the ICN itself, the data length, and the spatial resolution. In general, large-scale ICNs require less data to achieve specific levels of (within- and between-subject) spatial similarity with their templates. Importantly, increasing data length can reduce an ICN's subject-level specificity, suggesting longer scans may not always be desirable. We also find a positive linear relationship between data length and spatial smoothness (possibly due to averaging over intrinsic dynamics), suggesting studies examining optimized data length should consider spatial smoothness. Finally, consistency in spatial similarity between ICNs estimated using the full data and subsets across different data lengths suggests lower within-subject spatial similarity in shorter data is not wholly defined by lower reliability in ICN estimates, but may be an indication of meaningful brain dynamics which average out as data length increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Iraji
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Computer ScienceGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Z. Fu
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - A. Faghiri
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - M. Duda
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - J. Chen
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - S. Rachakonda
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - T. DeRamus
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - P. Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - B. M. Adhikari
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - A. Belger
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - J. M. Ford
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- San Francisco VA Medical CenterSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - D. H. Mathalon
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- San Francisco VA Medical CenterSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - G. D. Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, School of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - S. G. Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - A. Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - J. A. Turner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral HealthOhio State University Medical Center in ColumbusColumbusOhioUSA
| | - T. G. M. van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - J. R. Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - K. Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - K. Ishizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - A. Faria
- Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - A. Sawa
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, and Genetic MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Mental HealthJohns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - K. Hutchison
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - E. A. Osuch
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryLondon Health Sciences Centre, Lawson Health Research InstituteLondonCanada
| | - J. Theberge
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryLondon Health Sciences Centre, Lawson Health Research InstituteLondonCanada
| | - C. Abbott
- Department of Psychiatry (CCA)University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - B. A. Mueller
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - D. Zhi
- The State Key Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience and LearningBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - C. Zhuo
- Tianjin Mental Health CenterNankai University Affiliated Anding HospitalTianjinChina
| | - S. Liu
- The Department of PsychiatryFirst Clinical Medical College/First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Y. Xu
- The Department of PsychiatryFirst Clinical Medical College/First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - M. Salman
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- School of Electrical & Computer EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - J. Liu
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Computer ScienceGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Y. Du
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- School of Computer and Information TechnologyShanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - J. Sui
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- The State Key Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience and LearningBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - T. Adali
- Department of CSEEUniversity of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - V. D. Calhoun
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Computer ScienceGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- School of Electrical & Computer EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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Branzi FM, Lambon Ralph MA. Semantic-specific and domain-general mechanisms for integration and update of contextual information. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5547-5566. [PMID: 37787648 PMCID: PMC10619409 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has highlighted the importance of domain-general processes and brain regions for language and semantic cognition. Yet, this has been mainly observed in executively demanding tasks, leaving open the question of the contribution of domain-general processes to natural language and semantic cognition. Using fMRI, we investigated whether neural processes reflecting context integration and context update-two key aspects of naturalistic language and semantic processing-are domain-specific versus domain-general. Thus, we compared neural responses during the integration of contextual information across semantic and non-semantic tasks. Whole-brain results revealed both shared (left posterior-dorsal inferior frontal gyrus, left posterior inferior temporal gyrus, and left dorsal angular gyrus/intraparietal sulcus) and distinct (left anterior-ventral inferior frontal gyrus, left anterior ventral angular gyrus, left posterior middle temporal gyrus for semantic control only) regions involved in context integration and update. Furthermore, data-driven functional connectivity analysis clustered domain-specific versus domain-general brain regions into distinct but interacting functional neural networks. These results provide a first characterisation of the neural processes required for context-dependent integration during language processing along the domain-specificity dimension, and at the same time, they bring new insights into the role of left posterior lateral temporal cortex and left angular gyrus for semantic cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca M. Branzi
- Department of Psychological SciencesInstitute of Population Health, University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences UnitThe University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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Thompson MF, Ghahramanlou-Holloway M, Murphy MA, Perera KU, Benca-Bachman C, Palmer RHC, Gray JC. Resting-state network analysis of suicide attempt history in the UK Biobank. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7591-7600. [PMID: 37254555 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has identified altered brain structure and function in individuals at risk for self-directed violence thoughts and behaviors. However, these studies have largely utilized healthy controls and findings have been inconsistent. Thus, this study examined differences in resting-state functional network connectivity among individuals with lifetime suicide attempt(s) v. lifetime self-directed violence thoughts alone. METHODS Using data from the UK Biobank, this study utilized a series of linear regressions to compare individuals with lifetime suicide attempt(s) (n = 566) v. lifetime self-directed violence thoughts alone (n = 3447) on within- and between- network resting-state functional connectivity subnetworks. RESULTS There were no significant between-group differences for between-network, within-network, or whole-brain functional connectivity after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index and performing statistical corrections for multiple comparisons. Resting-state network measures may not differentiate between individuals with lifetime suicide attempt(s) and lifetime self-directed violence thoughts alone. CONCLUSIONS Null findings diverge from results reported in smaller neuroimaging studies of suicide risk, but are consistent with null findings in other large-scale studies and meta-analyses. Strengths of the study include its large sample size and stringent control group. Future research on a wider array of imaging, genetic, and psychosocial risk factors can clarify relative contributions of individual and combined variables to suicide risk and inform scientific understanding of ideation-to-action framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F Thompson
- Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marjan Ghahramanlou-Holloway
- Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mikela A Murphy
- Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kanchana U Perera
- Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chelsie Benca-Bachman
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rohan H C Palmer
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joshua C Gray
- Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Coppin G, Muñoz Tord D, Pool ER, Locatelli L, Achaibou A, Erdemli A, León Pérez L, Wuensch L, Cereghetti D, Golay A, Sander D, Pataky Z. A randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of liraglutide on self-reported liking and neural responses to food stimuli in participants with obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:1224-1231. [PMID: 37626125 PMCID: PMC10663148 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01370-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Obesity is a complex condition and the mechanisms involved in weight gain and loss are not fully understood. Liraglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, has been demonstrated to successfully promote weight loss in patients with obesity (OB). Yet, it is unclear whether the observed weight loss is driven by an alteration of food liking. Here we investigated the effects of liraglutide on food liking and the cerebral correlates of liking in OB. SUBJECTS/METHODS This study was a randomized, single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, prospective clinical trial. 73 participants with OB and without diabetes following a multidisciplinary weight loss program, were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive liraglutide 3.0 mg (37.40 ± 11.18 years old, BMI = 35.89 ± 3.01 kg) or a placebo (40.04 ± 14.10 years old, BMI = 34.88 ± 2.87 kg) subcutaneously once daily for 16 weeks. INTERVENTIONS/METHODS We investigated liking during food consumption. Participants reported their hedonic experience while consuming a high-calorie food (milkshake) and a tasteless solution. The solutions were administered inside the scanner with a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-compatible gustometer to assess neural responses during consumption. The same procedure was repeated during the pre- and post-intervention sessions. RESULTS None of the effects involving the intervention factor reached significance when comparing liking between the pre- and post-intervention sessions or groups. Liking during food reward consumption was associated with the activation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the amygdala. The liraglutide group lost more weight (BMI post-pre = -3.19 ± 1.28 kg/m2) than the placebo group (BMI post-pre = -0.60 ± 1.26 kg/m2). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that liraglutide leads to weight loss without self-report or neural evidence supporting a concomitant reduction of food liking in participants with OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Coppin
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Psychology, UniDistance Suisse, Brig, Switzerland.
| | - David Muñoz Tord
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, UniDistance Suisse, Brig, Switzerland
| | - Eva R Pool
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Loïc Locatelli
- Division of endocrinology, diabetes, nutrition and therapeutic patient education, WHO Collaborating Centre, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amal Achaibou
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, UniDistance Suisse, Brig, Switzerland
| | - Asli Erdemli
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura León Pérez
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lavinia Wuensch
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Donato Cereghetti
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alain Golay
- Division of endocrinology, diabetes, nutrition and therapeutic patient education, WHO Collaborating Centre, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David Sander
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Zoltan Pataky
- Division of endocrinology, diabetes, nutrition and therapeutic patient education, WHO Collaborating Centre, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Fortea L, Ysbaek-Nielsen AT, Macoveanu J, Petersen JZ, Fisher PM, Kessing LV, Knudsen GM, Radua J, Vieta E, Miskowiak KW. Aberrant resting-state functional connectivity underlies cognitive and functional impairments in remitted patients with bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023; 148:570-582. [PMID: 37688285 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is commonly associated with cognitive impairments, that directly contribute to patients' functional disability. However, there is no effective treatment targeting cognition in BD. A key reason for the lack of pro-cognitive interventions is the limited insight into the brain correlates of cognitive impairments in these patients. This is the first study investigating the resting-state neural underpinnings of cognitive impairments in different neurocognitive subgroups of patients with BD. METHOD Patients with BD in full or partial remission and healthy controls (final sample of n = 144 and n = 50, respectively) underwent neuropsychological assessment and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We classified the patients into cognitively impaired (n = 83) and cognitively normal (n = 61) subgroups using hierarchical cluster analysis of the four cognitive domains. We used independent component analysis (ICA) to investigate the differences between the neurocognitive subgroups and healthy controls in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in the default mode network (DMN), executive central network (ECN), and frontoparietal network (FPN). RESULTS Cognitively impaired patients displayed greater positive rsFC within the DMN and less negative rsFC within the ECN than healthy controls. Across cognitively impaired patients, lower positive connectivity within DMN and lower negative rsFC within ECN correlated with worse global cognitive performance. CONCLUSION Cognitive impairments in BD seem to be associated with a hyper-connectivity within the DMN, which may explain the failure to suppress task-irrelevant DMN activity during the cognitive performance, and blunted anticorrelation in the ECN. Thus, aberrant connectivity within the DMN and ECN may serve as brain targets for pro-cognitive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Fortea
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexander T Ysbaek-Nielsen
- Copenhagen Affective disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurocognition and Emotion in Affective Disorders Centre (NEAD), Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julian Macoveanu
- Copenhagen Affective disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeff Zarp Petersen
- Copenhagen Affective disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurocognition and Emotion in Affective Disorders Centre (NEAD), Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patrick M Fisher
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars V Kessing
- Copenhagen Affective disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte M Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacisón Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacisón Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kamilla W Miskowiak
- Copenhagen Affective disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurocognition and Emotion in Affective Disorders Centre (NEAD), Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Miao J, Tantawi M, Alizadeh M, Thalheimer S, Vedaei F, Romo V, Mohamed FB, Wu C. Characteristic dynamic functional connectivity during sevoflurane-induced general anesthesia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21014. [PMID: 38030651 PMCID: PMC10687074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43832-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia (GA) during surgery is commonly maintained by inhalational sevoflurane. Previous resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) studies have demonstrated suppressed functional connectivity (FC) of the entire brain networks, especially the default mode networks, transitioning from the awake to GA condition. However, accuracy and reliability were limited by previous administration methods (e.g. face mask) and short rs-fMRI scans. Therefore, in this study, a clinical scenario of epilepsy patients undergoing laser interstitial thermal therapy was leveraged to acquire 15 min of rs-fMRI while under general endotracheal anesthesia to maximize the accuracy of sevoflurane level. Nine recruited patients had fMRI acquired during awake and under GA, of which seven were included in both static and dynamic FC analyses. Group independent component analysis and a sliding-window method followed by k-means clustering were applied to identify four dynamic brain states, which characterized subtypes of FC patterns. Our results showed that a low-FC brain state was characteristic of the GA condition as a single featuring state during the entire rs-fMRI session; In contrast, the awake condition exhibited frequent fluctuations between three distinct brain states, one of which was a highly synchronized brain state not seen in GA. In conclusion, our study revealed remarkable dynamic connectivity changes from awake to GA condition and demonstrated the advantages of dynamic FC analysis for future studies in the assessments of the effects of GA on brain functional activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Integrated Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Mohamed Tantawi
- Integrated Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mahdi Alizadeh
- Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Integrated Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sara Thalheimer
- Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Faezeh Vedaei
- Integrated Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Victor Romo
- Department of Anesthesia, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Feroze B Mohamed
- Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Integrated Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chengyuan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Integrated Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Sugawara SK, Yamamoto T, Nakayama Y, Hamano YH, Fukunaga M, Sadato N, Nishimura Y. Premovement activity in the mesocortical system links peak force but not initiation of force generation under incentive motivation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11408-11419. [PMID: 37814358 PMCID: PMC10690858 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivation facilitates motor performance; however, the neural substrates of the psychological effects on motor performance remain unclear. We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment while human subjects performed a ready-set-go task with monetary incentives. Although subjects were only motivated to respond quickly, increasing the incentives improved not only reaction time but also peak grip force. However, the trial-by-trial correlation between reaction time and peak grip force was weak. Extensive areas in the mesocortical system, including the ventral midbrain (VM) and cortical motor-related areas, exhibited motivation-dependent activity in the premovement "Ready" period when the anticipated monetary reward was displayed. This premovement activity in the mesocortical system correlated only with subsequent peak grip force, whereas the activity in motor-related areas alone was associated with subsequent reaction time and peak grip force. These findings suggest that the mesocortical system linking the VM and motor-related regions plays a role in controlling the peak of force generation indirectly associated with incentives but not the initiation of force generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho K Sugawara
- Neural Prosthetics Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
- Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Hayama, Kanagawa 340-0193, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Nakayama
- Neural Prosthetics Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Yuki H Hamano
- Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Hayama, Kanagawa 340-0193, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sadato
- Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Hayama, Kanagawa 340-0193, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yukio Nishimura
- Neural Prosthetics Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
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Reddy NA, Zvolanek KM, Moia S, Caballero-Gaudes C, Bright MG. Denoising task-correlated head motion from motor-task fMRI data with multi-echo ICA. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.19.549746. [PMID: 37503125 PMCID: PMC10370165 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.19.549746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Motor-task functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is crucial in the study of several clinical conditions, including stroke and Parkinson's disease. However, motor-task fMRI is complicated by task-correlated head motion, which can be magnified in clinical populations and confounds motor activation results. One method that may mitigate this issue is multi-echo independent component analysis (ME-ICA), which has been shown to separate the effects of head motion from the desired BOLD signal but has not been tested in motor-task datasets with high amounts of motion. In this study, we collected an fMRI dataset from a healthy population who performed a hand grasp task with and without task-correlated amplified head motion to simulate a motor-impaired population. We analyzed these data using three models: single-echo (SE), multi-echo optimally combined (ME-OC), and ME-ICA. We compared the models' performance in mitigating the effects of head motion on the subject level and group level. On the subject level, ME-ICA better dissociated the effects of head motion from the BOLD signal and reduced noise. Both ME models led to increased t-statistics in brain motor regions. In scans with high levels of motion, ME-ICA additionally mitigated artifacts and increased stability of beta coefficient estimates, compared to SE. On the group level, all three models produced activation clusters in expected motor areas in scans with both low and high motion, indicating that group-level averaging may also sufficiently resolve motion artifacts that vary by subject. These findings demonstrate that ME-ICA is a useful tool for subject-level analysis of motor-task data with high levels of task-correlated head motion. The improvements afforded by ME-ICA are critical to improve reliability of subject-level activation maps for clinical populations in which group-level analysis may not be feasible or appropriate, for example in a chronic stroke cohort with varying stroke location and degree of tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha A. Reddy
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Kristina M. Zvolanek
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Stefano Moia
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Neuro-X Institute, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics (DRIM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Molly G. Bright
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
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Chen L, Sun J, Gao L, Wang J, Ma J, Xu E, Zhang D, Li L, Wu T. Dysconnectivity of the parafascicular nucleus in Parkinson's disease: A dynamic causal modeling analysis. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 188:106335. [PMID: 37890560 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent animal model studies have suggested that the parafascicular nucleus has the potential to be an effective deep brain stimulation target for Parkinson's disease. However, our knowledge on the role of the parafascicular nucleus in Parkinson's disease patients remains limited. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the functional alterations of the parafascicular nucleus projections in Parkinson's disease patients. METHODS We enrolled 72 Parkinson's disease patients and 60 healthy controls, then utilized resting-state functional MRI and spectral dynamic causal modeling to explore the effective connectivity of the bilateral parafascicular nucleus to the dorsal putamen, nucleus accumbens, and subthalamic nucleus. The associations between the effective connectivity of the parafascicular nucleus projections and clinical features were measured with Pearson partial correlations. RESULTS Compared with controls, the effective connectivity from the parafascicular nucleus to dorsal putamen was significantly increased, while the connectivity to the nucleus accumbens and subthalamic nucleus was significantly reduced in Parkinson's disease patients. There was a significantly positive correlation between the connectivity of parafascicular nucleus-dorsal putamen projection and motor deficits. The connectivity from the parafascicular nucleus to the subthalamic nucleus was negatively correlated with motor deficits and apathy, while the connectivity from the parafascicular nucleus to the nucleus accumbens was negatively associated with depression. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that the parafascicular nucleus-related projections are damaged and associated with clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Our findings provide new insights into the impaired basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits and give support for the parafascicular nucleus as a potential effective neuromodulating target of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chen
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Sun
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Gao
- Department of General Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghong Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Erhe Xu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongling Zhang
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Li
- Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Vinceti G, Carbone C, Gallingani C, Fiondella L, Salemme S, Zucchi E, Martinelli I, Gianferrari G, Tondelli M, Mandrioli J, Chiari A, Zamboni G. The association between lifelong personality and clinical phenotype in the FTD-ALS spectrum. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1248622. [PMID: 37859765 PMCID: PMC10582748 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1248622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are two phenotypes of the same neurodegenerative disease, the FTD-ALS spectrum. What determines the development of one rather than the other phenotype is still unknown. Based on the clinical observation that patients' personality seems to differ between the two phenotypes, i.e., ALS patients tend to display kind, prosocial behaviors whereas FTD patients tend to present anti-social behaviors, and that these traits are often reported as pre-existing the disease onset by caregivers, we set up to study experimentally patients' personality in their premorbid life. Methods We first tested for differences between groups, then tested the association between premorbid personality and current functional organization of the brain. Premorbid personality of a cohort of forty patients, 27 FTD and 13 ALS, was explored through the NEO Personality Inventory 3 (NEO-PI-3), which analyses the five main personality factors, completed by the caregiver with reference to patient's personality 20 years before symptoms onset (premorbid). A subgroup of patients underwent a brain MRI including structural and resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI). Results A significant difference between FTD and ALS in premorbid personality emerged in the Openness (133.92 FTD vs. 149.84 ALS, p = 0.01) and Extraversion (136.55 FTD vs. 150.53 ALS, p = 0.04) factors. This suggests that ALS patients had been, in their premorbid life, more open to new experiences, more sociable and optimistic than FTD patients. They also showed greater functional connectivity than both FTD and a control group in the Salience resting state network, over and above differences in gray matter atrophy. Finally, there was a positive correlation between premorbid Openness and functional connectivity in the Salience network across all patients, suggesting a possible association between premorbid personality and current functional organization of the brain, irrespective of the degree of atrophy. Discussion Our proof-of-concept results suggest that premorbid personality may eventually predispose to the development of one, rather than the other, phenotype in the FTD-ALS spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Vinceti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Carbone
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Gallingani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Luigi Fiondella
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Simone Salemme
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Zucchi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Martinelli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Gianferrari
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Manuela Tondelli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Primary Care, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiari
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zamboni
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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Kindler C, Upadhyay N, Purrer V, Schmeel FC, Borger V, Scheef L, Wüllner U, Boecker H. MRgFUS of the nucleus ventralis intermedius in essential tremor modulates functional connectivity within the classical tremor network and beyond. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 115:105845. [PMID: 37717502 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) of the thalamic ventral intermediate nucleus is an incisionless lesional treatment for essential tremor. OBJECTIVE To examine relationships between tremor severity and functional connectivity in patients with essential tremor and to assess long-term changes in the tremor network after sonication of the ventral intermediate nucleus. METHODS Twenty-one patients with essential tremor (70.33 ± 11.32 years) were included in the final analysis and underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T before and 6 months after treatment. Tremor severity (Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Clinical Rating Scale) was evaluated and functional connectivity was investigated using independent component analysis. RESULTS MRgFUS of the thalamic ventral intermediate nucleus reduced contralateral tremor effectively. Multiple regression analysis revealed exclusively negative correlations between FC and tremor severity, notably in the right cerebellar lobe VI and the left cerebellar lobe VIIIa (cerebellar network), in the left occipital fusiform gyrus (lateral visual network), the anterior division of the left superior temporal gyrus (fronto-parieto-temporal network), and in the posterior division of the left parahippocampal gyrus and the bilateral lingual gyri (default mode network). Six months after treatment, increased functional connectivity was observed in almost all tremor-associated clusters, except the cluster localized in the left cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that tremor-related activity in essential tremor extends beyond the classical cerebellar network, additionally involving areas related to visual processing. Functional restoration of network activity after sonication of the ventral intermediate nucleus is observed within the classical tremor network (cerebellum) and notably also in visual processing areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kindler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
| | - Neeraj Upadhyay
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Division 'Clinical Functional Imaging', Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Veronika Purrer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Valeri Borger
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lukas Scheef
- Division 'Clinical Functional Imaging', Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ullrich Wüllner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Henning Boecker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Division 'Clinical Functional Imaging', Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Korponay C, Janes AC, Frederick BB. Brain-wide functional connectivity artifactually inflates throughout fMRI scans: a problem and solution. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.08.556939. [PMID: 37745340 PMCID: PMC10515781 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.08.556939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The fMRI blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal is a mainstay of neuroimaging assessment of neuronal activity and functional connectivity in vivo. Thus, a chief priority is maximizing this signal's reliability and validity. To this end, the fMRI community has invested considerable effort into optimizing both experimental designs and physiological denoising procedures to improve the accuracy, across-scan reproducibility, and subject discriminability of BOLD-derived metrics like functional connectivity. Despite these advances, we discover that a substantial and ubiquitous defect remains in fMRI datasets: functional connectivity throughout the brain artifactually inflates during the course of fMRI scans - by an average of more than 70% in 15 minutes of scan time - at spatially heterogeneous rates, producing both spatial and temporal distortion of brain connectivity maps. We provide evidence that this inflation is driven by a previously unrecognized time-dependent increase of non-neuronal, systemic low-frequency oscillation (sLFO) blood flow signal during fMRI scanning. This signal is not removed by standard denoising procedures such as independent component analysis (ICA). However, we demonstrate that a specialized sLFO denoising procedure - Regressor Interpolation at Progressive Time Delays (RIPTiDe) - can be added to standard denoising pipelines to significantly attenuate functional connectivity inflation. We confirm the presence of sLFO-driven functional connectivity inflation in multiple independent fMRI datasets - including the Human Connectome Project - as well as across resting-state, task, and sleep-state conditions, and demonstrate its potential to produce false positive findings. Collectively, we present evidence for a previously unknown physiological phenomenon that spatiotemporally distorts estimates of brain connectivity in human fMRI datasets, and present a solution for mitigating this artifact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole Korponay
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- McLean Hospital Brain Imaging Center, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Amy C. Janes
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Blaise B. Frederick
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- McLean Hospital Brain Imaging Center, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
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45
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Geissmann L, Coynel D, Papassotiropoulos A, de Quervain DJF. Neurofunctional underpinnings of individual differences in visual episodic memory performance. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5694. [PMID: 37709747 PMCID: PMC10502056 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41380-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Episodic memory, the ability to consciously recollect information and its context, varies substantially among individuals. While prior fMRI studies have identified certain brain regions linked to successful memory encoding at a group level, their role in explaining individual memory differences remains largely unexplored. Here, we analyze fMRI data of 1,498 adults participating in a picture encoding task in a single MRI scanner. We find that individual differences in responsivity of the hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex account for individual variability in episodic memory performance. While these regions also emerge in our group-level analysis, other regions, predominantly within the lateral occipital cortex, are related to successful memory encoding but not to individual memory variation. Furthermore, our network-based approach reveals a link between the responsivity of nine functional connectivity networks and individual memory variability. Our work provides insights into the neurofunctional correlates of individual differences in visual episodic memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léonie Geissmann
- Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - David Coynel
- Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papassotiropoulos
- Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominique J F de Quervain
- Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- University Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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46
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Hrybouski S, Das SR, Xie L, Wisse LEM, Kelley M, Lane J, Sherin M, DiCalogero M, Nasrallah I, Detre J, Yushkevich PA, Wolk DA. Aging and Alzheimer's disease have dissociable effects on local and regional medial temporal lobe connectivity. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad245. [PMID: 37767219 PMCID: PMC10521906 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional disruption of the medial temporal lobe-dependent networks is thought to underlie episodic memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies revealed that the anterior medial temporal lobe is more vulnerable to pathological and neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer's disease. In contrast, cognitive and structural imaging literature indicates posterior, as opposed to anterior, medial temporal lobe vulnerability in normal aging. However, the extent to which Alzheimer's and aging-related pathological processes relate to functional disruption of the medial temporal lobe-dependent brain networks is poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we examined functional connectivity alterations in the medial temporal lobe and its immediate functional neighbourhood-the Anterior-Temporal and Posterior-Medial brain networks-in normal agers, individuals with preclinical Alzheimer's disease and patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. In the Anterior-Temporal network and in the perirhinal cortex, in particular, we observed an inverted 'U-shaped' relationship between functional connectivity and Alzheimer's stage. According to our results, the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease is characterized by increased functional connectivity between the perirhinal cortex and other regions of the medial temporal lobe, as well as between the anterior medial temporal lobe and its one-hop neighbours in the Anterior-Temporal system. This effect is no longer present in symptomatic Alzheimer's disease. Instead, patients with symptomatic Alzheimer's disease displayed reduced hippocampal connectivity within the medial temporal lobe as well as hypoconnectivity within the Posterior-Medial system. For normal aging, our results led to three main conclusions: (i) intra-network connectivity of both the Anterior-Temporal and Posterior-Medial networks declines with age; (ii) the anterior and posterior segments of the medial temporal lobe become increasingly decoupled from each other with advancing age; and (iii) the posterior subregions of the medial temporal lobe, especially the parahippocampal cortex, are more vulnerable to age-associated loss of function than their anterior counterparts. Together, the current results highlight evolving medial temporal lobe dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and indicate different neurobiological mechanisms of the medial temporal lobe network disruption in aging versus Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislau Hrybouski
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sandhitsu R Das
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Long Xie
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Laura E M Wisse
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Melissa Kelley
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jacqueline Lane
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Monica Sherin
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael DiCalogero
- Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ilya Nasrallah
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John Detre
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul A Yushkevich
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Lynch CJ, Elbau I, Ng T, Ayaz A, Zhu S, Manfredi N, Johnson M, Wolk D, Power JD, Gordon EM, Kay K, Aloysi A, Moia S, Caballero-Gaudes C, Victoria LW, Solomonov N, Goldwaser E, Zebley B, Grosenick L, Downar J, Vila-Rodriguez F, Daskalakis ZJ, Blumberger DM, Williams N, Gunning FM, Liston C. Expansion of a frontostriatal salience network in individuals with depression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.09.551651. [PMID: 37645792 PMCID: PMC10461904 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.09.551651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of neuroimaging studies spanning two decades have revealed differences in brain structure and functional connectivity in depression, but with modest effect sizes, complicating efforts to derive mechanistic pathophysiologic insights or develop biomarkers. 1 Furthermore, although depression is a fundamentally episodic condition, few neuroimaging studies have taken a longitudinal approach, which is critical for understanding cause and effect and delineating mechanisms that drive mood state transitions over time. The emerging field of precision functional mapping using densely-sampled longitudinal neuroimaging data has revealed unexpected, functionally meaningful individual differences in brain network topology in healthy individuals, 2-5 but these approaches have never been applied to individuals with depression. Here, using precision functional mapping techniques and 11 datasets comprising n=187 repeatedly sampled individuals and >21,000 minutes of fMRI data, we show that the frontostriatal salience network is expanded two-fold in most individuals with depression. This effect was replicable in multiple samples, including large-scale, group-average data (N=1,231 subjects), and caused primarily by network border shifts affecting specific functional systems, with three distinct modes of encroachment occurring in different individuals. Salience network expansion was unexpectedly stable over time, unaffected by changes in mood state, and detectable in children before the subsequent onset of depressive symptoms in adolescence. Longitudinal analyses of individuals scanned up to 62 times over 1.5 years identified connectivity changes in specific frontostriatal circuits that tracked fluctuations in specific symptom domains and predicted future anhedonia symptoms before they emerged. Together, these findings identify a stable trait-like brain network topology that may confer risk for depression and mood-state dependent connectivity changes in frontostriatal circuits that predict the emergence and remission of depressive symptoms over time.
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Boerwinkle VL, Sussman BL, Broman-Fulks J, Garzon-Cediel E, Gillette K, Reuther WR, Scher MS. Treatable brain network biomarkers in children in coma using task and resting-state functional MRI: a case series. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1227195. [PMID: 37638177 PMCID: PMC10448513 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1227195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies is frequently considered for pediatric patients with severe acute brain injuries who are admitted to the intensive care unit. However, it is worth noting that some children with a resultant poor neurological status may ultimately survive and achieve a positive neurological outcome. Evidence suggests that adults with hidden consciousness may have a more favorable prognosis compared to those without it. Currently, no treatable network disorders have been identified in cases of severe acute brain injury, aside from seizures detectable through an electroencephalogram (EEG) and neurostimulation via amantadine. In this report, we present three cases in which multimodal brain network evaluation played a helpful role in patient care. This evaluation encompassed various assessments such as continuous video EEG, visual-evoked potentials, somatosensory-evoked potentials, auditory brainstem-evoked responses, resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), and passive-based and command-based task-based fMRI. It is worth noting that the latter three evaluations are unique as they have not yet been established as part of the standard care protocol for assessing acute brain injuries in children with suppressed consciousness. The first patient underwent serial fMRIs after experiencing a coma induced by trauma. Subsequently, the patient displayed improvement following the administration of antiseizure medication to address abnormal signals. In the second case, a multimodal brain network evaluation uncovered covert consciousness, a previously undetected condition in a pediatric patient with acute brain injury. In both patients, this discovery potentially influenced decisions concerning the withdrawal of life support. Finally, the third patient serves as a comparative control case, demonstrating the absence of detectable networks. Notably, this patient underwent the first fMRI prior to experiencing brain death as a pediatric patient. Consequently, this case series illustrates the clinical feasibility of employing multimodal brain network evaluation in pediatric patients. This approach holds potential for clinical interventions and may significantly enhance prognostic capabilities beyond what can be achieved through standard testing methods alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varina L. Boerwinkle
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Bethany L. Sussman
- Neuroscience Research, Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Jordan Broman-Fulks
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Emilio Garzon-Cediel
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kirsten Gillette
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - William R. Reuther
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Mark S. Scher
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Emeritus Scholar Tenured Full Professor Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
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49
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Tik N, Gal S, Madar A, Ben-David T, Bernstein-Eliav M, Tavor I. Generalizing prediction of task-evoked brain activity across datasets and populations. Neuroimage 2023; 276:120213. [PMID: 37268097 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Predictions of task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) from task-free resting-state (rs) fMRI have gained popularity over the past decade. This method holds a great promise for studying individual variability in brain function without the need to perform highly demanding tasks. However, in order to be broadly used, prediction models must prove to generalize beyond the dataset they were trained on. In this work, we test the generalizability of prediction of task-fMRI from rs-fMRI across sites, MRI vendors and age-groups. Moreover, we investigate the data requirements for successful prediction. We use the Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset to explore how different combinations of training sample sizes and number of fMRI datapoints affect prediction success in various cognitive tasks. We then apply models trained on HCP data to predict brain activations in data from a different site, a different MRI vendor (Phillips vs. Siemens scanners) and a different age group (children from the HCP-development project). We demonstrate that, depending on the task, a training set of approximately 20 participants with 100 fMRI timepoints each yields the largest gain in model performance. Nevertheless, further increasing sample size and number of timepoints results in significantly improved predictions, until reaching approximately 450-600 training participants and 800-1000 timepoints. Overall, the number of fMRI timepoints influences prediction success more than the sample size. We further show that models trained on adequate amounts of data successfully generalize across sites, vendors and age groups and provide predictions that are both accurate and individual-specific. These findings suggest that large-scale publicly available datasets may be utilized to study brain function in smaller, unique samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niv Tik
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shachar Gal
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Asaf Madar
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamar Ben-David
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Bernstein-Eliav
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Tavor
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Strauss Center for Computational Neuroimaging, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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50
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Jackson RL, Humphreys GF, Rice GE, Binney RJ, Lambon Ralph MA. A network-level test of the role of the co-activated default mode network in episodic recall and social cognition. Cortex 2023; 165:141-159. [PMID: 37285763 PMCID: PMC10284259 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Resting-state network research is extremely influential, yet the functions of many networks remain unknown. In part, this is due to typical (e.g., univariate) analyses independently testing the function of individual regions and not examining the full set of regions that form a network whilst co-activated. Connectivity is dynamic and the function of a region may change based on its current connections. Therefore, determining the function of a network requires assessment at this network-level. Yet popular theories implicating the default mode network (DMN) in episodic memory and social cognition, rest principally upon analyses performed at the level of individual brain regions. Here we use independent component analysis to formally test the role of the DMN in episodic and social processing at the network level. As well as an episodic retrieval task, two independent datasets were employed to assess DMN function across the breadth of social cognition; a person knowledge judgement and a theory of mind task. Each task dataset was separated into networks of co-activated regions. In each, the co-activated DMN, was identified through comparison to an a priori template and its relation to the task model assessed. This co-activated DMN did not show greater activity in episodic or social tasks than high-level baseline conditions. Thus, no evidence was found to support hypotheses that the co-activated DMN is involved in explicit episodic or social tasks at a network-level. The networks associated with these processes are described. Implications for prior univariate findings and the functional significance of the co-activated DMN are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Jackson
- Department of Psychology & York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK; MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Gina F Humphreys
- MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Grace E Rice
- MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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