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Liu X, Zhou C, Cheng B, Xiong Y, Zhou Q, Wan E, He Y. Genipin promotes the apoptosis and autophagy of neuroblastoma cells by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20231. [PMID: 39215133 PMCID: PMC11364629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the underlying function and mechanism of genipin in neuroblastoma (NB). Using flow cytometry analysis and cytotoxicity tests, in vitro studies were conducted to assess the effects of genipin on the SK-N-SH cell line. The mechanism of action of genipin was explored through immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and caspase-3 activity assays. In addition, we also created a xenograft tumour model to investigate the effects of genipin in vivo. This research confirmed that genipin suppressed cell viability, induced apoptosis, and promoted autophagy, processes that are likely linked to the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. Autophagy inhibition increases the sensitivity of SK-N-SH cells to genipin. Furthermore, combination treatment with a PI3K inhibitor enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of genipin. These results highlight the potential of genipin as a candidate drug for the treatment of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 1 Maoyuan South Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Centre, North Sichuan Medical College, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Research, North Sichuan Medical College, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Can Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Boli Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 1 Maoyuan South Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 1 Maoyuan South Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 1 Maoyuan South Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Enyu Wan
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 1 Maoyuan South Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 1 Maoyuan South Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China.
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Li J, Xie L, Dou Z, Zhou Y, Mo J, Chen W. Genipin Activates Autophagy and Promotes Myoblast Differentiation by Activating AMPK Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15190-15197. [PMID: 38807430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Cultured meat technology is expected to solve problems such as resource shortages and environmental pollution, but the muscle fiber differentiation efficiency of cultured meat is low. Genipin is the active compound derived from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, which has a variety of activities. Additionally, genipin serves as a noncytotoxic agent for cross-linking, which is suitable as a foundational scaffold for in vitro tissue regeneration. However, the impact of genipin on myoblast differentiation remains to be studied. The research revealed that genipin was found to improve the differentiation efficiency of myoblasts. Genipin improved mitochondrial membrane potential by activating the AMPK signaling pathway of myoblasts, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial network remodeling. Genipin activated autophagy in myoblasts and maintained cellular homeostasis. Autophagy inhibitors blocked the pro-differentiation effect of genipin. These results showed that genipin improved the differentiation efficiency of myoblasts, which provided a theoretical basis for the development of cultured meat technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lianghua Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zishan Dou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yiyang Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianling Mo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Sun K, Chen Y, Zheng S, Wan W, Hu K. Genipin ameliorates diabetic retinopathy via the HIF-1α and AGEs-RAGE pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155596. [PMID: 38626646 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is useful in disease treatment and prevention. Genipin is an active TCM compound used to treat diabetic retinopathy (DR). In this study, a network pharmacology (NP)-based approach was employed to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms underlying genipin administration in DR. METHODS The potential targets of DR were identified using the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. TCM database screening and NP were used to predict the potential active targets and pathways of genipin in DR. Cell viability was tested in vitro to determine the effects of different doses of glucose and genipin on Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells (hRMECs). CCK-8, CCK-F, colony formation, CellTiter-Lum, Annexin V-FITC, wound healing, Transwell, tube-forming, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and other assay kits were used to detect the effects of genipin on hRMECs during high levels of glucose. In vivo, a streptozotocin (STZ)-mouse intraocular genipin injection (IOI.) model was used to explore the effects of genipin on diabetes-induced retinal dysfunction. Western blotting was performed to identify the cytokines involved in proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, ROS, and inflammation. The protein expression of the AKT/ PI3K/ HIF-1α and AGEs/ RAGE pathways was also examined. RESULTS Approximately 14 types of TCM, and nearly 300 active ingredients, including genipin, were identified. The NP approach successfully identified the HIF-1α and AGEs-RAGE pathways, with the EGR1 and UCP2 genes, as key targets of genipin in DR. In the in vitro and in vivo models, we discovered that high glucose increased cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, ROS, and inflammation. However, genipin application regulated cell proliferation and apoptosis, inhibited angiogenesis, and reduced ROS and inflammation in the HRMECs exposed to high glucose. Furthermore, the retinal thickness in the genipin-treated group was lower than that in the untreated group. AKT/ PI3K/ HIF-1α and AGEs/ RAGE signaling was increased by high glucose levels; however, genipin treatment decreased AKT/ PI3K and AGEs/ RAGE pathway expressions. Genipin also increased HIF-1α phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation of ATP synthesis, lipid peroxidation, and the upregulation of oxidoreductase. Genipin was found to protect HG-induced hRMECs and the retina of STZ-mice, based on; 1 the inhibition of UCP2 and Glut1 decreased intracellular glucose, and glycosylation; 2 the increased presence of HIF-1α, which increased oxidative phosphorylation and decreased substrate phosphorylation; 3 the increase in oxidative phosphorylation from ATP synthesis increased lipid peroxidation and oxidoreductase activity, and; 4 the parallel effect of phosphorylation and glycosylation on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), MMP9, and Scg3. CONCLUSION Based on NP, we demonstrated the potential targets and pathways of genipin in the treatment of DR and confirmed its effective molecular mechanism in vitro and in vivo. Genipin protects cells and tissues from high glucose levels by regulating phosphorylation and glycosylation. The activation of the HIF-1α pathway can also be used to treat DR. Our study provides new insights into the key genes and pathways associated with the prognosis and pathogenesis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yanyi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shijie Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, PR China.
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Natallia L, Dama A, Gorica E, Darya K, Peña-Corona SI, Cortés H, Santini A, Büsselberg D, Leyva-Gómez G, Sharifi-Rad J. Genipin's potential as an anti-cancer agent: from phytochemical origins to clinical prospects. Med Oncol 2024; 41:186. [PMID: 38918260 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted aspects of genipin, a bioactive compound derived from medicinal plants, focusing on its anti-cancer potential. The review begins by detailing the sources and phytochemical properties of genipin, underscoring its significance in traditional medicine and its transition into contemporary cancer research. It then explores the intricate relationship between genipin's chemical structure and its observed anti-cancer activity, highlighting the molecular underpinnings contributing to its therapeutic potential. This is complemented by a thorough analysis of preclinical studies, which investigates genipin's efficacy against various cancer cell lines and its mechanisms of action at the cellular level. A crucial component of the review is the examination of genipin's bioavailability and pharmacokinetics, providing insights into how the compound is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the body. Then, this review offers a general and updated overview of the anti-cancer studies of genipin and its derivatives based on its basic molecular mechanisms, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and disruption of cancer cell signaling pathways. We include information that complements the genipin study, such as toxicity data, and we differentiate this review by including commercial status, disposition, and regulation. Also, this review of genipin stands out for incorporating information on proposals for a technological approach through its load in nanotechnology to improve its bioavailability. The culmination of this information positions genipin as a promising candidate for developing novel anti-cancer drugs capable of supplementing or enhancing current cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lapava Natallia
- Medicine Standardization Department of Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus.
| | - Aida Dama
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, Zogu I Blvd., 1001, Tirana, Albania
| | - Era Gorica
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, Zogu I Blvd., 1001, Tirana, Albania
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Karaliova Darya
- Medicine Standardization Department of Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Sheila I Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Huang S, Hou Y, Tang Z, Suhail M, Cui M, Iqbal MZ, Kong X. Near-infrared-II responsive ovalbumin functionalized gold-genipin nanosystem cascading photo-immunotherapy of cancer. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:365102. [PMID: 38861966 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad568c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Synergistic cancer therapies have attracted wide attention owing to their multi-mode tumor inhibition properties. Especially, photo-responsive photoimmunotherapy demonstrates an emerging cancer treatment paradigm that significantly improved treatment efficiency. Herein, near-infrared-II responsive ovalbumin functionalized Gold-Genipin nanosystem (Au-G-OVA NRs) was designed for immunotherapy and deep photothermal therapy of breast cancer. A facile synthesis method was employed to prepare the homogeneous Au nanorods (Au NRs) with good dispersion. The nanovaccine was developed further by the chemical cross-linking of Au-NRs, genipin and ovalbumin. The Au-G-OVA NRs outstanding aqueous solubility, and biocompatibility against normal and cancer cells. The designed NRs possessed enhanced localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, which extended the NIR absorption in the second window, enabling promising photothermal properties. Moreover, genipin coating provided complimentary red fluorescent and prepared Au-G-OVA NRs showed significant intracellular encapsulation for efficient photoimmunotherapy outcomes. The designed nanosystem possessed deep photothermal therapy of breast cancer and 90% 4T1 cells were ablated by Au-G-OVA NRs (80μg ml-1concentration) after 1064 nm laser irradiation. In addition, Au-G-OVA NRs demonstrated outstanding vaccination phenomena by facilitating OVA delivery, antigen uptake, maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells, and cytokine IFN-γsecretion for tumor immunosurveillance. The aforementioned advantages permit the utilization of fluorescence imaging-guided photo-immunotherapy for cancers, demonstrating a straightforward approach for developing nanovaccines tailored to precise tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Huang
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yike Hou
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhamamd Suhail
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Cui
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - M Zubair Iqbal
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
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Zhao Z, Yan J, Huang L, Yang X. Phytochemicals targeting Alzheimer's disease via the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway, effects, and mechanisms of action. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116373. [PMID: 38442672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive dysfunction and other behavioral abnormalities, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that occurs due to aging. Currently, effective drugs to mitigate or treat AD remain unavailable. AD is associated with several abnormalities in neuronal energy metabolism, such as decreased glucose uptake, mitochondrial dysfunction, and defects in cholesterol metabolism. Amp-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates the energy status of cells. AMPK is widely present in eukaryotic cells and can sense and regulate energy metabolism to maintain energy supply and demand balance, making it a promising target for energy metabolism-based AD therapy. Therefore, this review aimed to discuss the molecular mechanism of AMPK in the pathogenesis of AD to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new anti-AD drugs. To review the mechanisms of phytochemicals in the treatment of AD via AMPK pathway regulation, we searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase databases using specific keywords related to AD and phytochemicals in September 2023. Phytochemicals can activate AMPK or regulate the AMPK pathway to exert therapeutic effects in AD. The anti-AD mechanisms of these phytochemicals include inhibiting Aβ aggregation, preventing Tau hyperphosphorylation, inhibiting inflammatory response and glial activation, promoting autophagy, and suppressing anti-oxidative stress. Additionally, several AMPK-related pathways are involved in the anti-AD mechanism, including the AMPK/CaMKKβ/mTOR, AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α, AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3, AMPK/mTOR, and PERK/eIF2α pathways. Notably, urolithin A, artemisinin, justicidin A, berberine, stigmasterol, arctigenin, and rutaecarpine are promising AMPK agonists with anti-AD effects. Several phytochemicals are effective AMPK agonists and may have potential applications in AD treatment. Overall, phytochemical-based drugs may overcome the barriers to the effective treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Neurology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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Liu H, Liang S, Zhu M, Shi W, Xu C, Wei W, Zhan R, Ma D. A fused hybrid enzyme of 8-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase (8HGO) from Gardenia jasminoides and iridoid synthase (ISY) from Catharanthus roseus significantly enhances nepetalactol and iridoid production. PLANTA 2024; 259:62. [PMID: 38319463 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04287-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The operation of 8HGO-ISY fusion enzymes can increase nepetalactol flux to iridoid biosynthesis, and the Gj8HGO-CrISY expression in Gardenia jasminoides indicates that seco-iridoids and closed-ring iridoids share a nepetalactol pool. Nepetalactol is a common precursor of (seco)iridoids and their derivatives, which are a group of noncanonical monoterpenes. Functional characterization of an 8HGO (8-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase) from Catharanthus roseus, a seco-iridoids producing plant, has been reported; however, the 8HGO from G. jasminoides with plenty of closed-ring iridoids remains uninvestigated. In this work, a Gj8HGO was cloned and biochemically characterized. In addition, the relatively low production of nepetalactol in plants and engineered microbial host is likely to be attributed to the fact that Cr8HGO and CrISY (iridoid synthase) are substrate-promiscuous enzymes catalyzing unexpected substrates to the undesired products. Herein, a bifunctional enzyme consisting of an 8HGO fused to an ISY was designed for the proximity to the substrate and recycling of NADP+ and NADPH cofactor to reduce the undesired intermediate in the synthesis of nepetalactol. Of four fusion enzymes (i.e., Gj8HGO-GjISY, Gj8HGO-GjISY2, Gj8HGO-GjISY4, and Gj8HGO-CrISY), interestingly, only the last one can enable cascade reaction to form cis-trans-nepetalactol. Furthermore, we establish a reliable Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system. The expression of Gj8HGO-CrISY in G. jasminoides led to a significant enhancement of nepetalactol production, about 19-fold higher than that in wild-type plants, which further resulted in the twofold to fivefold increase of total iridoids and representative iridoid such as geniposide, indicating that seco-iridoids in C. roseus and closed-ring iridoids in G. jasminoides share a nepetalactol pool. All results suggest that 8HGO and ISY can be manipulated to maximize metabolic flux for nepetalactol and iridoid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shuangcheng Liang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Meixian Zhu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chong Xu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wuke Wei
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ruoting Zhan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Dongming Ma
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Cheng Z, Han T, Yao J, Wang K, Dong X, Yu F, Huang H, Han M, Liao Q, He S, Lyu W, Li Q. Targeting glycogen synthase kinase-3β for Alzheimer's disease: Recent advances and future Prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116065. [PMID: 38160617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Senile plaques induced by β-amyloid (Aβ) abnormal aggregation and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) caused by tau hyperphosphorylation are important pathological manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a conserved kinase; one member GSK-3β is highly expressed in the AD brain and involved in the formation of NFT. Hence, pharmacologically inhibiting GSK-3β activity and expression is a good approach to treat AD. As summarized in this article, multiple GSK-3β inhibitors has been comprehensively summarized over recent five years. However, only lithium carbonate and Tideglusib have been studied in clinical trials of AD. Besides ATP-competitive and non-ATP-competitive inhibitors, peptide inhibitors, allosteric inhibitors and other types of inhibitors have gradually attracted more interest. Moreover, considering the close relationship between GSK-3β and other targets involved in cholinergic hypothesis, Aβ aggregation hypothesis, tau hyperphosphorylation hypothesis, oxidative stress hypothesis, neuro-inflammation hypothesis, etc., diverse multifunctional molecules and multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) have also been disclosed. We hope that these recent advances and critical perspectives will facilitate the discovery of safe and effective GSK-3β inhibitors for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Cheng
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyue Han
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingtong Yao
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yu
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Han
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghong Liao
- Shandong Kangqiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266033, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Scomazzon L, Ledouble C, Dubus M, Braux J, Guillaume C, Bouland N, Baldit A, Boulmedais F, Gribova V, Mauprivez C, Kerdjoudj H. An increase in Wharton's jelly membrane osteocompatibility by a genipin-cross-link. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:127562. [PMID: 37865356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Wharton's Jelly (WJ) has attracted significant interest in the field of tissue healing thanks to its biological properties, including antibacterial activity and immunomodulation. However, due to the fast degradation and poor mechanical behavior in biological environment, its application in bone regeneration is compromised. Here, we proposed to use genipin as an efficient cross-linking agent to significantly improve the elasticity and the enzymatical stability of the WJ matrix. The degree of cross-linking, linear elastic moduli, and collagenase resistance varied over a wide range depending on genipin concentration. Furthermore, our results highlighted that an increase in genipin concentration led to a decreased surface wettability, therefore impairing cell attachment and proliferation. The genipin cross-linking prevented rapid in vitro and in vivo degradation, but led to an adverse host reaction and calcification. When implanted in the parietal bone defect, a limited parietal bone regeneration to the dura was observed. We conclude that genipin-cross-linked WJ is a versatile medical device however, a careful selection is required with regards to the genipin concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Scomazzon
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 BIOS, Reims, France; University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Odontologie, Reims, France
| | - Charlotte Ledouble
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 BIOS, Reims, France; University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Odontologie, Reims, France; CHU de Reims, Service de médecine buccodentaire, Reims, France
| | - Marie Dubus
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 BIOS, Reims, France
| | - Julien Braux
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 BIOS, Reims, France; University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Odontologie, Reims, France; CHU de Reims, Service de médecine buccodentaire, Reims, France
| | - Christine Guillaume
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 BIOS, Reims, France; University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Odontologie, Reims, France
| | - Nicole Bouland
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Médecine, Reims, France
| | - Adrien Baldit
- University of Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7239 LEM3, Metz, France
| | - Fouzia Boulmedais
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS Institut Charles Sadron, Strasbourg, France
| | - Varvara Gribova
- INSERM UMR 1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Centre de Soins Dentaires, Strasbourg, France
| | - Cédric Mauprivez
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 BIOS, Reims, France; University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Odontologie, Reims, France; CHU de Reims, Service de médecine buccodentaire, Reims, France
| | - Halima Kerdjoudj
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 BIOS, Reims, France; University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Odontologie, Reims, France.
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Duan SF, Song L, Guo HY, Deng H, Huang X, Shen QK, Quan ZS, Yin XM. Research status of indole-modified natural products. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2535-2563. [PMID: 38107170 PMCID: PMC10718587 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00560g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Indole is a heterocyclic compound formed by the fusion of a benzene ring and pyrrole ring, which has rich biological activity. Many indole-containing compounds have been sold on the market due to their excellent pharmacological activity. For example, vincristine and reserpine have been widely used in clinical practice. The diverse structures and biological activities of natural products provide abundant resources for the development of new drugs. Therefore, this review classifies natural products by structure, and summarizes the research progress of indole-containing natural product derivatives, their biological activities, structure-activity relationship and research mechanism which has been studied in the past 13 years, so as to provide a basis for the development of new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Fang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Lei Song
- Yanbian University Hospital, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Hao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Xiu-Mei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
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Park DG, Jin B, Lee WW, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Choi SJ, Hong SD, Shin JA, Cho SD. Apoptotic activity of genipin in human oral squamous cell carcinoma in vitro by regulating STAT3 signaling. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1319-1329. [PMID: 37792550 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Genipin, a natural compound derived from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, was reported to have activity against various cancer types. In this study, we determined the underlying mechanism for genipin-induced cell death in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The growth-inhibitory effects of genipin in human OSCC cells was examined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 and soft agar assays. The effects of genipin on apoptosis were assessed by nuclear morphological changes by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, measurement of the sub-G1 population, and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining. The underlying mechanism of genipin activity was analyzed by western blot analysis, subcellular fractionation of the nucleus and cytoplasm, immunocytochemistry, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Genipin inhibited the growth of OSCC cells and induced apoptosis, which was mediated by a caspase-dependent pathway. Genipin reduced the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) at Tyr705 and its nuclear localization. Furthermore, inhibition of p-STAT3Tyr705 levels following genipin treatment was required for the reduction of survivin and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) expression, leading to apoptotic cell death. The genipin-mediated reduction in survivin and Mcl-1 expression was caused by transcriptional and/or posttranslational regulatory mechanisms. The results provide insight into the regulatory mechanism by which genipin induces apoptotic cell death through the abrogation of nuclear STAT3 phosphorylation and suggest that genipin may represent a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of human OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Guk Park
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohwan Jin
- Laboratory Animal Center, CHA Biocomplex, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Won W Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, CHA Biocomplex, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jung Choi
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Doo Hong
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Shin
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dae Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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López-López D, Razo-Hernández RS, Millán-Pacheco C, Leyva-Peralta MA, Peña-Morán OA, Sánchez-Carranza JN, Rodríguez-López V. Ligand-Based Drug Design of Genipin Derivatives with Cytotoxic Activity against HeLa Cell Line: A Structural and Theoretical Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1647. [PMID: 38139774 PMCID: PMC10748106 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a malignant neoplastic disease, mainly associated to HPV infection, with high mortality rates. Among natural products, iridoids have shown different biological activities, including cytotoxic and antitumor effects, in different cancer cell types. Geniposide and its aglycone Genipin have been assessed against different types of cancer. In this work, both iridoids were evaluated against HeLa and three different cervical cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we performed a SAR analysis incorporating 13 iridoids with a high structural similarity to Geniposide and Genipin, also tested in the HeLa cell line and at the same treatment time. Derived from this analysis, we found that the dipole moment (magnitude and direction) is key for their cytotoxic activity in the HeLa cell line. Then, we proceeded to the ligand-based design of new Genipin derivatives through a QSAR model (R2 = 87.95 and Q2 = 62.33) that incorporates different quantum mechanic molecular descriptor types (ρ, ΔPSA, ∆Polarizability2, and logS). Derived from the ligand-based design, we observed that the presence of an aldehyde or a hydroxymethyl in C4, hydroxyls in C1, C6, and C8, and the lack of the double bond in C7-C8 increased the predicted biological activity of the iridoids. Finally, ten simple iridoids (D9, D107, D35, D36, D55, D56, D58, D60, D61, and D62) are proposed as potential cytotoxic agents against the HeLa cell line based on their predicted IC50 value and electrostatic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana López-López
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (D.L.-L.); (C.M.-P.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Rodrigo Said Razo-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Quimioinformática y Diseño de Fármacos, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - César Millán-Pacheco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (D.L.-L.); (C.M.-P.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Mario Alberto Leyva-Peralta
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, H. Caborca, Sonora 83621, Mexico;
| | - Omar Aristeo Peña-Morán
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Quintana Roo, Chetumal 77019, Mexico;
| | | | - Verónica Rodríguez-López
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (D.L.-L.); (C.M.-P.); (J.N.S.-C.)
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Yang K, Zeng L, Zeng J, Deng Y, Wang S, Xu H, He Q, Yuan M, Luo Y, Ge A, Ge J. Research progress in the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease and regulation by natural plant products. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102063. [PMID: 37673132 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system after Alzheimer's disease. The current understanding of PD focuses mainly on the loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra region of the midbrain, which is attributed to factors such as oxidative stress, alpha-synuclein aggregation, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These factors together contribute to the PD phenotype. Recent studies on PD pathology have introduced a new form of cell death known as ferroptosis. Pathological changes closely linked with ferroptosis have been seen in the brain tissues of PD patients, including alterations in iron metabolism, lipid peroxidation, and increased levels of reactive oxygen species. Preclinical research has demonstrated the neuroprotective qualities of certain iron chelators, antioxidants, Fer-1, and conditioners in Parkinson's disease. Natural plant products have shown significant potential in balancing ferroptosis-related factors and adjusting their expression levels. Therefore, it is vital to understand the mechanisms by which natural plant products inhibit ferroptosis and relieve PD symptoms. This review provides a comprehensive look at ferroptosis, its role in PD pathology, and the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of natural plant products focused on ferroptosis. The insights from this review can serve as useful references for future research on novel ferroptosis inhibitors and lead compounds for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Deng
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qi He
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, China
| | - Mengxia Yuan
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yanfang Luo
- The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Jin C, Zongo AWS, Du H, Lu Y, Yu N, Nie X, Ma A, Ye Q, Xiao H, Meng X. Gardenia ( Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) fruit: a critical review of its functional nutrients, processing methods, health-promoting effects, comprehensive application and future tendencies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-28. [PMID: 37882781 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2270530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Gardenia fruit (GF) is the mature fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, boasting a rich array of nutrients and phytochemicals. Over time, GF has been extensively utilized in both food and medicinal contexts. In recent years, numerous studies have delved into the chemical constituents of GF and their associated pharmacological activities, encompassing its phytochemical composition and health-promoting properties. This review aims to provide a critical and comprehensive summary of GF research, covering nutrient content, extraction technologies, and potential health benefits, offering new avenues for future investigations and highlighting its potential as an innovative food resource. Additionally, the review proposes novel industrial applications for GF, such as utilizing gardenia yellow/red/blue pigments in the food industry and incorporating it with other herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. By addressing current challenges in developing GF-related products, this work provides insights for potential applications in the cosmetics, food, and health products industries. Notably, there is a need for the development of more efficient extraction methods to harness the nutritional components of GF fully. Further research is needed to understand the specific molecular mechanisms underlying its bioactivities. Exploring advanced processing techniques to create innovative GF-derived products will show great promise for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Abel Wend-Soo Zongo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Yuanchao Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ningxiang Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Nie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ashton Ma
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Phillips Academy Andover, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Qin Ye
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Xianghe Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Sun KX, Chen YY, Li Z, Zheng SJ, Wan WJ, Ji Y, Hu K. Genipin relieves diabetic retinopathy by down-regulation of advanced glycation end products via the mitochondrial metabolism related signaling pathway. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1349-1368. [PMID: 37771331 PMCID: PMC10523227 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i9.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycation is an important step in aging and oxidative stress, which can lead to endothelial dysfunction and cause severe damage to the eyes or kidneys of diabetics. Inhibition of the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their cell toxicity can be a useful therapeutic strategy in the prevention of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJE) fruit is a selective inhibitor of AGEs. Genipin is an active compound of GJE fruit, which can be employed to treat diabetes. AIM To confirm the effect of genipin, a vital component of GJE fruit, in preventing human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) from AGEs damage in DR, to investigate the effect of genipin in the down-regulation of AGEs expression, and to explore the role of the CHGA/UCP2/glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) signal pathway in this process. METHODS In vitro, cell viability was tested to determine the effects of different doses of glucose and genipin in hRMECs. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, wound healing assay, transwell assay, and tube-forming assay were used to detect the effect of genipin on hRMECs cultured in high glucose conditions. In vivo, streptozotocin (STZ) induced mice were used, and genipin was administered by intraocular injection (IOI). To explore the effect and mechanism of genipin in diabetic-induced retinal dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-NBDG) assays were performed to explore energy metabolism and oxidative stress damage in high glucose-induced hRMECs and STZ mouse retinas. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to investigate the expression of inflammatory cytokines [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), SCG3, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)]. The protein expression of the receptor of AGEs (RAGE) and the mitochondria-related signal molecules CHGA, GLUT1, and UCP2 in high glucose-induced hRMECs and STZ mouse retinas were measured and compared with the genipin-treated group. RESULTS The results of CCK-8 and colony formation assay showed that genipin promoted cell viability in high glucose (30 mmol/L D-Glucose)-induced hRMECs, especially at a 0.4 μmol/L dose for 7 d. Flow cytometry results showed that high glucose can increase apoptosis rate by 30%, and genipin alleviated cell apoptosis in AGEs-induced hRMECs. A high glucose environment promoted ATP, ROS, MMP, and 2-NBDG levels, while genipin inhibited these phenotypic abnormalities in AGEs-induced hRMECs. Furthermore, genipin remarkably reduced the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, and NLRP3 and impeded the expression of VEGF and SCG3 in AGEs-damaged hRMECs. These results showed that genipin can reverse high glucose induced damage with regard to cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro, while reducing energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory injury caused by high glucose. In addition, ROS levels and glucose uptake levels were higher in the retina from the untreated eye than in the genipin-treated eye of STZ mice. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and pathway protein in the untreated eye compared with the genipin-treated eye was significantly increased, as measured by Western blot. These results showed that IOI of genipin reduced the expression of CHGA, UCP2, and GLUT1, maintained the retinal structure, and decreased ROS, glucose uptake, and inflammation levels in vivo. In addition, we found that SCG3 expression might have a higher sensitivity in DR than VEGF as a diagnostic marker at the protein level. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that genipin ameliorates AGEs-induced hRMECs proliferation, apoptosis, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory injury, partially via the CHGA/UCP2/GLUT1 pathway. Control of advanced glycation by IOI of genipin may represent a strategy to prevent severe retinopathy and vision loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan-Yi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Leshan, Leshan 400000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wen-Juan Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Chen H, Tan X, Hu M, Xie J, Han X, Yu Y, Zhu H, Wang H, Zhang Y. Genipin-mediated subunit-subunit crosslinking of ferritin nanocages: Structure, properties, and its application for food bioactive compound sealing. Food Chem 2023; 411:135437. [PMID: 36701920 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin proteins are promising nano-carriers for bioactive compound delivery. However, the disassembly properties under acidic/alkaline conditions pose risks of cargo leakage. Herein, genipin-mediated chemical crosslinking method was provided as an alternative and effective strategy to construct robust ferritin nanocarrier through controlled-intramolecular conjugation. As indicated by SDS-/Native- PAGE, the crosslinking degree gradually increased with incubating time prolonging. CD results showed that the cross-linking would decrease α-helix content from 78.4 % to 52.7 % upon 6 h incubation. However, TEM images showed that the genipin-modification has subtle influence on its shell-like structure. Remarkably, the cross-linking can be well controlled by intramolecular subunit-subunit conjugation rather than intermolecular conjugation, giving an excellent monodispersity. Importantly, the covalent cross-linking can tight neighboring subunits and inhibit its disassociation, finally inhibiting the leakage of encapsulated-cargos from ferritin cavity under acidic environments. Such findings suggested that the genipin-mediated cross-linking strategy can fabricate robust nano-carriers for bioactive compound delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoyi Tan
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 14 Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengji Hu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiang Xie
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xueer Han
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yong Yu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hankun Zhu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Huang G, Yin Z, Wang X, Wen Z, Su R, Li C, Liu Y, Yang J, Hu H, Nie H, Zeng X, Fei J. System analysis of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang and their key active ingredients for overcoming CML resistance by suppression of leukemia stem cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 117:154918. [PMID: 37329755 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BCR-ABL1-based resistance to imatinib, mainly resulting from BCR-ABL1 mutations, is largely solved after second- and third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are discovered. Nonetheless, imatinib resistance without BCR-ABL1 mutations, including intrinsic resistance induced by stem cells within chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), remains the major clinical challenge for many patients. PURPOSE To study the key active ingredients and corresponding target proteins in Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT) against BCR-ABL1-independent CML resistance to therapeutics, and then explore its mechanism of against CML drug resistance. METHODS Cytotoxicity of HLJDT and its active ingredients in BCR-ABL1-independent imatinib resistance cells was analyzed through MTT assay. The cloning ability was measured through soft agar assay. Monitoring therapeutic effect on Xenografted mice CML model by in vivo imaging technology and mice survival time. Predicting the potential target protein binding sites by the technology of photocrosslinking sensor chip, molecular space simulation docking, and use Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology . Flow cytometry to detect the ratio of stem progenitor cells (CD34+). Constructing bone marrow transplantation mice CML leukemia model, detect the effects on leukemia stem cells LSK (Lin-\ Sca-1+ \C-kit+) self-renewal. RESULTS Treatment with HLJDT, berberine and baicalein inhibited cell viability and colony formation of BCR-ABL1-independent imatinib-resistant cells in vitro while prolonging survival in mouse with CML xenografts and transplatation CML-like mouse models in vivo. JAK2 and MCL1were identified as targets of berberine and baicalein. JAK2 and MCL1 are involved in multi-leukemia stem cell-related pathways. Moreover, the ratio of CD34+ cells in resistant CML cells is higher than in treatment-sensitive CML cells. Treatment with BBR or baicalein partially suppressed CML leukemic stem cells (LSCs) self-renewal in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION From the above, we concluded that HLJDT and its key active ingredients (BBR and baicalein) allowed to overcome imatinib resistance with BCR-ABL1 independent by eradication of LSCs by targeting the JAK2 and MCL1 protein levels. Our results lay the foundation for applying HLJDT in patients with TKI-resistant CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Drug Development for Small Nucleic Acids, Guangzhou 510632, China; Antisense Biopharmaceutical Technology Company, Limited, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhao Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Drug Development for Small Nucleic Acids, Guangzhou 510632, China; Antisense Biopharmaceutical Technology Company, Limited, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan university, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Xiuyuan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Drug Development for Small Nucleic Acids, Guangzhou 510632, China; Antisense Biopharmaceutical Technology Company, Limited, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ziqi Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Drug Development for Small Nucleic Acids, Guangzhou 510632, China; Antisense Biopharmaceutical Technology Company, Limited, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Drug Development for Small Nucleic Acids, Guangzhou 510632, China; Antisense Biopharmaceutical Technology Company, Limited, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chuting Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Drug Development for Small Nucleic Acids, Guangzhou 510632, China; Antisense Biopharmaceutical Technology Company, Limited, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Drug Development for Small Nucleic Acids, Guangzhou 510632, China; Antisense Biopharmaceutical Technology Company, Limited, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Juhua Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Drug Development for Small Nucleic Acids, Guangzhou 510632, China; Antisense Biopharmaceutical Technology Company, Limited, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Hong Nie
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization andInnovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xiaobin Zeng
- Center Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Guangdong, Shenzhen 518020, China.
| | - Jia Fei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Drug Development for Small Nucleic Acids, Guangzhou 510632, China; Antisense Biopharmaceutical Technology Company, Limited, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Zhang C, Chen Y, Fan X, Jin P. Optimization of extraction process of 15 bioactive compounds from Qing Fei Yi Huo tablets using response surface methodology. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1223:123720. [PMID: 37159978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Qing Fei Yi Huo tablets (QFYHT) can relieve the clinical symptoms of acute bronchitis, and is widely prescribed in China. However, the quality standard of QFTHT lacks quantitative assessment. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective method for the extraction and analyses of its bioactive components.This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic extraction of QFYHT and establish a method for the simultaneous quantification of 15 components. Box-Behnken Design (BBD) experiment was employed with three factors (solvent volume, extraction time and ultrasonic power) to optimize the extraction conditions, and the total content of 15 components was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method. The total extracted content of 15 components was the highest when 100% methanol was used as the solvent, and the solvent volume was 22 mL, extraction time was 30 min and ultrasonic power was 350 w. The 15 components showed a good linear relationship (r ≥ 0.9998) within a concentration range. The precision, stability and repeatability of this method were satisfactory, and the average recovery rates ranged from 98.08% ∼ 102.87%. These findings demonstrate that optimization of extraction conditions by RSM can significantly improve the ultrasonic extraction rate of the 15 bioactive components of QFYHT. The quantification method is simple, accurate, reliable and practical, and can provide reference for improving the quality control of QFYHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing Institute for Food, Drug and Product Quality Control, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Yeqing Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing Institute for Food, Drug and Product Quality Control, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Xiaoliang Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Jiaxing TCM Hospital, Jiaxing 314001, China; Central Laboratory of Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Peifen Jin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing Institute for Food, Drug and Product Quality Control, Jiaxing 314001, China
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Huertas-Bello M, Cuéllar-Sáenz JA, Rodriguez CN, Cortés-Vecino JA, Navarrete ML, Avila MY, Koudouna E. A Pilot Study to Evaluate Genipin in Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis Models: Modulation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Matrix Metalloproteinases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086904. [PMID: 37108070 PMCID: PMC10138382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious keratitis is a vision-threatening microbial infection. The increasing antimicrobial resistance and the fact that severe cases often evolve into corneal perforation necessitate the development of alternative therapeutics for effective medical management. Genipin, a natural crosslinker, was recently shown to exert antimicrobial effects in an ex vivo model of microbial keratitis, highlighting its potential to serve as a novel treatment for infectious keratitis. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of genipin in an in vivo model of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) keratitis. Clinical scores, confocal microscopy, plate count, and histology were carried out to evaluate the severity of keratitis. To assess the effect of genipin on inflammation, the gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), were evaluated. Genipin treatment alleviated the severity of bacterial keratitis by reducing bacterial load and repressing neutrophil infiltration. The expression of interleukin 1B (IL1B), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8), interleukin 15 (IL15), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon γ (IFNγ), as well as MMP2 and MMP9, were significantly reduced in genipin-treated corneas. Genipin promoted corneal proteolysis and host resistance to S. aureus and P. aeruginosa infection by suppressing inflammatory cell infiltration, regulating inflammatory mediators, and downregulating the expression of MMP2 and MMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Huertas-Bello
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Bogota DC, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Jerson Andrés Cuéllar-Sáenz
- Grupo de Investigación Parasitología Veterinaria, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Bogota DC, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Cristian Nicolas Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bogota DC, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Jesús Alfredo Cortés-Vecino
- Grupo de Investigación Parasitología Veterinaria, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Bogota DC, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Myriam Lucia Navarrete
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bogota DC, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Marcel Yecid Avila
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Bogota DC, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Elena Koudouna
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Bogota DC, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- Structural Biophysics Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
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20
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Revskij D, Runst J, Umstätter C, Ehlers L, Rohde S, Zechner D, Bastian M, Müller-Hilke B, Fuellen G, Henze L, Murua Escobar H, Junghanss C, Kowald A, Walter U, Köhling R, Wolkenhauer O, Jaster R. Uncoupling protein 2 deficiency of non-cancerous tissues inhibits the progression of pancreatic cancer in mice. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2023; 22:190-199. [PMID: 36549966 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease of the elderly mostly because its development from preneoplastic lesions depends on the accumulation of gene mutations and epigenetic alterations over time. How aging of non-cancerous tissues of the host affects tumor progression, however, remains largely unknown. METHODS We took advantage of a model of accelerated aging, uncoupling protein 2-deficient (Ucp2 knockout, Ucp2 KO) mice, to investigate the growth of orthotopically transplanted Ucp2 wild-type (WT) PDAC cells (cell lines Panc02 and 6606PDA) in vivo and to study strain-dependent differences of the PDAC microenvironment. RESULTS Measurements of tumor weights and quantification of proliferating cells indicated a significant growth advantage of Panc02 and 6606PDA cells in WT mice compared to Ucp2 KO mice. In tumors in the knockout strain, higher levels of interferon-γ mRNA despite similar numbers of tumor-infiltrating T cells were observed. 6606PDA cells triggered a stronger stromal reaction in Ucp2 KO mice than in WT animals. Accordingly, pancreatic stellate cells from Ucp2 KO mice proliferated at a higher rate than cells of the WT strain when they were incubated with conditioned media from PDAC cells. CONCLUSIONS Ucp2 modulates PDAC microenvironment in a way that favors tumor progression and implicates an altered stromal response as one of the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Revskij
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jakob Runst
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Camilla Umstätter
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Luise Ehlers
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sarah Rohde
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Dietmar Zechner
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Manuela Bastian
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Brigitte Müller-Hilke
- Facility for Cell Sorting and Cell Analysis and Institute of Immunology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Georg Fuellen
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Larissa Henze
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hugo Murua Escobar
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Kowald
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Uwe Walter
- Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Köhling
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Olaf Wolkenhauer
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert Jaster
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
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Li R, Xiao L, Gong T, Liu J, Li Y, Zhou X, Li Y, Zheng X. Role of oral microbiome in oral oncogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2023; 38:9-22. [PMID: 36420924 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity and its adjacent sites, which endangers the physical and mental health of patients and has a complex etiology. Chronic infection is considered to be a risk factor in cancer development. Evidence suggests that periodontal pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Treponema denticola, are associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). They can stimulate tumorigenesis by promoting epithelial cells proliferation while inhibiting apoptosis and regulating the inflammatory microenvironment. Candida albicans promotes OSCC progression and metastasis through multiple mechanisms. Moreover, oral human papillomavirus (HPV) can induce oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). There is evidence that HPV16 can integrate with host cells' DNA and activate oncogenes. Additionally, oral dysbiosis and synergistic effects in the oral microbial communities can promote cancer development. In this review, we will discuss the biological characteristics of oral microbiome associated with OSCC and OPSCC and then highlight the mechanisms by which oral microbiome is involved in oral oncogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. These findings may have positive implications for early diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Identification of Genipin as a Potential Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032131. [PMID: 36768454 PMCID: PMC9917294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been rising dramatically in many countries around the world. The main signatures of T2D are insulin resistance and dysfunction of β-cells. While there are several pharmaceutical therapies for T2D, no effective treatment is available for reversing the functional decline of pancreatic β-cells in T2D patients. It has been well recognized that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which is an incretin hormone secreted from intestinal L-cells, plays a vital role in regulating glycemic homeostasis via potentiating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and promoting β-cell function. We found that genipin, a natural compound from Elli, can directly target intestinal L-cells, leading to the secretion of GLP-1. Incubation of the cells with genipin elicited a rapid increase in intracellular Ca2+. Inhibition of PLC ablated genipin-stimulated Ca2+ increase and GLP-1 secretion, suggesting that genipin-induced GLP-1 release from cells is dependent on the PLC/Ca2+ pathway. In vivo, acute administration of genipin stimulated GLP-1 secretion in mice. Chronically, treatment with genipin via oral gavage at 50 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks reversed hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Moreover, genipin alleviated the impaired lipid metabolism and decreased lipid accumulation in the liver of obese mice. These results suggest that naturally occurring genipin might potentially be a novel agent for the treatment of T2D and diet-induced fatty liver disease.
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Sasaki S, Suzuki T, Morikawa K, Matsusaki M, Sato K. Fabrication of a Gelatin-Based Microdevice for Vascular Cell Culture. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:107. [PMID: 36677169 PMCID: PMC9860854 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel technique for fabricating microfluidic devices with microbial transglutaminase-gelatin gels instead of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), in which flow culture simulates blood flow and a capillary network is incorporated for assays of vascular permeability or angiogenesis. We developed a gelatin-based device with a coverslip as the bottom, which allows the use of high-magnification lenses with short working distances, and we observed the differences in cell dynamics on gelatin, glass, and PDMS surfaces. The tubes of the gelatin microfluidic channel are designed to be difficult to pull out of the inlet hole, making sample introduction easy, and the gelatin channel can be manipulated from the cell introduction to the flow culture steps in a manner comparable to that of a typical PDMS channel. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) were successfully co-cultured, resulting in structures that mimicked blood vessels with inner diameters ranging from 10 µm to 500 µm. Immunostaining and scanning electron microscopy results showed that the affinity of fibronectin for gelatin was stronger than that for glass or PDMS, making gelatin a suitable substrate for cell adhesion. The ability for microscopic observation at high magnification and the ease of sample introduction make this device easier to use than conventional gelatin microfluidics, and the above-mentioned small modifications in the device structure are important points that improve its convenience as a cell assay device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Sasaki
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Tomoko Suzuki
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Kyojiro Morikawa
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kae Sato
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
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Potential of Compounds Originating from the Nature to Act in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy by Targeting the Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment: A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010195. [PMID: 36615387 PMCID: PMC9822070 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent subtype of liver cancer, is the second main reason for cancer-related deaths worldwide. In recent decades, sufficient evidence supported that immunotherapy was a safe and effective treatment option for HCC. However, tolerance and frequent recurrence and metastasis occurred in patients after immunotherapy due to the complicated crosstalk in the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME) in HCC. Therefore, elucidating the TIME in HCC and finding novel modulators to target TIME for attenuating immune suppression is critical to optimize immunotherapy. Recently, studies have shown the potentially immunoregulatory activities of natural compounds, characterized by multiple targets and pathways and low toxicity. In this review, we concluded the unique role of TIME in HCC. Moreover, we summarized evidence that supports the hypothesis of natural compounds to target TIME to improve immunotherapy. Furthermore, we discussed the comprehensive mechanisms of these natural compounds in the immunotherapy of HCC. Accordingly, we present a well-grounded review of the naturally occurring compounds in cancer immunotherapy, expecting to shed new light on discovering novel anti-HCC immunomodulatory drugs from natural sources.
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Ge Z, Shang Y, Wang W, Yang J, Chen SZ. Brown adipocytes promote epithelial mesenchymal transition of neuroblastoma cells by inducing PPAR-γ/UCP2 expression. Adipocyte 2022; 11:335-345. [PMID: 35531888 PMCID: PMC9122313 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2073804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an embryonic malignant tumour of the sympathetic nervous system, and current research shows that activation of brown adipose tissue accelerates cachexia in cancer patients. However, the interaction between brown adipose tissues and NB remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the effect of brown adipocytes in the co-culture system on the proliferation and migration of NB cells. Brown adipocytes promoted the proliferation and migration of Neuro-2a, BE(2)-M17, and SH-SY5Y cells under the co-culture system, with an increase of the mRNA and protein levels of UCP2 and PPAR-γ in NB cells. The UCP2 inhibitor genipin or PPAR-γ inhibitor T0090709 inhibited the migration of NB cells induced by brown adipocytes. Genipin or siUCP2 upregulated the expression of E-cadherin, and downregulated the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin in NB cells. We suggest that under co-cultivation conditions, NB cells can activate brown adipocytes, which triggers changes in various genes and promotes the proliferation and migration of NB cells. The PPAR-γ/UCP2 pathway is involved in the migration of NB cells caused by brown adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Ge
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Northern China, China
| | - Yue Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Northern China, China
| | - Wendie Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Northern China, China
| | - Jigang Yang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Northern China, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Northern China, China
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Luby A, Alves-Guerra MC. UCP2 as a Cancer Target through Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Control. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315077. [PMID: 36499405 PMCID: PMC9735768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous therapies, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide due to the lack of markers for early detection and response to treatment in many patients. Technological advances in tumor screening and renewed interest in energy metabolism have allowed us to identify new cellular players in order to develop personalized treatments. Among the metabolic actors, the mitochondrial transporter uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), whose expression is increased in many cancers, has been identified as an interesting target in tumor metabolic reprogramming. Over the past decade, a better understanding of its biochemical and physiological functions has established a role for UCP2 in (1) protecting cells from oxidative stress, (2) regulating tumor progression through changes in glycolytic, oxidative and calcium metabolism, and (3) increasing antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment to limit cancer development. With these pleiotropic roles, UCP2 can be considered as a potential tumor biomarker that may be interesting to target positively or negatively, depending on the type, metabolic status and stage of tumors, in combination with conventional chemotherapy or immunotherapy to control tumor development and increase response to treatment. This review provides an overview of the latest published science linking mitochondrial UCP2 activity to the tumor context.
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Masri S, Fauzi FAM, Hasnizam SB, Azhari AS, Lim JEA, Hao LQ, Maarof M, Motta A, Fauzi MB. Engineered-Skin of Single Dermal Layer Containing Printed Hybrid Gelatin-Polyvinyl Alcohol Bioink via 3D-Bioprinting: In Vitro Assessment under Submerged vs. Air-Lifting Models. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1328. [PMID: 36355501 PMCID: PMC9692267 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro skin models are frequently employed in cosmetic and pharmaceutical research to minimize the demand for animal testing. Hence, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting was introduced to fabricate layer-by-layer bioink made up of cells and improve the ability to develop a rapid manufacturing process, while maintaining bio-mechanical scaffolds and microstructural properties. Briefly, gelatin-polyvinyl alcohol (GPVA) was mixed with 1.5 × 106 and 3.0 × 106 human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cell density, together with 0.1% genipin (GNP), as a crosslinking agent, using 3D-bioprinting. Then, it was cultured under submerged and air-lifting conditions. The gross appearance of the hydrogel's surface and cross-section were captured and evaluated. The biocompatibility testing of HDFs and cell-bioink interaction towards the GPVA was analyzed by using live/dead assay, cell migration activity, cell proliferation assay, cell morphology (SEM) and protein expression via immunocytochemistry. The crosslinked hydrogels significantly demonstrated optimum average pore size (100-199 μm). The GPVA crosslinked with GNP (GPVA_GNP) hydrogels with 3.0 × 106 HDFs was proven to be outstanding, compared to the other hydrogels, in biocompatibility testing to promote cellular interaction. Moreover, GPVA-GNP hydrogels, encapsulated with 3.0 × 106 HDFs under submerged cultivation, had a better outcome than air-lifting with an excellent surface cell viability rate of 96 ± 0.02%, demonstrated by 91.3 ± 4.1% positively expressed Ki67 marker at day 14 that represented active proliferative cells, an average of 503.3 ± 15.2 μm for migration distance, and maintained the HDFs' phenotypic profiles with the presence of collagen type I expression. It also presented with an absence of alpha-smooth muscle actin positive staining. In conclusion, 3.0 × 106 of hybrid GPVA hydrogel crosslinked with GNP, produced by submerged cultivation, was proven to have the excellent biocompatibility properties required to be a potential bioinks for the rapid manufacturing of 3D in vitro of a single dermal layer for future use in cosmetic, pharmaceutic and toxicologic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syafira Masri
- Centre for Tissue Engineering Centre and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Faraheda Amilia Mohd Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering Centre and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Batrisyia Hasnizam
- Centre for Tissue Engineering Centre and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Aizzaty Sulha Azhari
- Centre for Tissue Engineering Centre and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Juliana Edora Amin Lim
- Centre for Tissue Engineering Centre and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Looi Qi Hao
- My Cytohealth Sdn. Bhd., Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Manira Maarof
- Centre for Tissue Engineering Centre and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Biotech Research Center, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering Centre and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Xu Z, Zou L, Xie F, Zhang X, Ou X, Gao G. Biocompatible Carboxymethyl Chitosan/GO-Based Sponge to Improve the Efficiency of Hemostasis and Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44799-44808. [PMID: 36150074 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sponges with highly absorptive properties have been widely used in emergency hemostasis. Graphene oxide (GO) has been extensively investigated in biomedical applications and is a promising candidate for hemostatic sponges. However, GO has been demonstrated to have adverse effects on the human body. To overcome this problem, a hemostatic sponge based on modified GO and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) is successfully prepared, which has excellent water absorption ability and mechanical strength. Importantly, hemostasis assays showed that the composite sponge exhibited high hemostatic efficiency, and the possible hemostatic mechanism is also discussed in this study. Moreover, the results of in vitro antibacterial tests reveal that the composite sponge also presents strong antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Significantly, the composited sponge used as hemostatic dressing can effectively promote cell proliferation, achieving a wound closure rate of 95% on day 12. Such a graphene-based sponge with multiple advantageous features would hold broad prospects in the hemostatic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikai Xu
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, No. 2055, Yan'an Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liangyu Zou
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, No. 2055, Yan'an Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xie
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, No. 2055, Yan'an Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolan Ou
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Gao
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, No. 2055, Yan'an Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Genipin improves lipid metabolism and sperm parametersin obese mice via regulation of miR-132 expression. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1278-1288. [PMID: 36082932 PMCID: PMC9827900 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has now surpassed malnutrition and infectious diseases as the most significant contributor to health problems worldwide. In particular, obesity is associated with several metabolic disorders, including hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and subfertility. Genipin (GNP), the aglycone of geniposide, is isolated from the extract of the traditional Chinese medicine Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and has been used in traditional oriental medicine against several inflammation-driven diseases. However, the effect and molecular mechanism of GNP on obesity-associated dyslipidemia and sperm dysfunction still need to be explored. In this study, we detect the effects of GNP on hyperlipidemia, hepatic lipid accumulation and sperm function using a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. We find that obese mice treated with GNP show an improvement in body weight, serum triglyceride levels, serum hormone levels, serum inflammatory cytokines, hepatic steatosis and sperm function. At the molecular level, HFD/GNP diversely regulates the expression of miR-132 in a tissue-specific manner. miR-132 further targets and regulates the expression of SREBP-1c in liver cells, as well as the expressions of SREBP-1c and StAR in Leydig cells in the testis, thus modifying lipogenesis and steroidogenesis, respectively. Collectively, our data demonstrate that GNP shows a broad effect on the improvement of HFD-induced metabolic disorder and sperm dysfunction in male mice by tissue-specific regulation of miR-132. Our findings reveal the function GNP in ameliorating hepatic lipid metabolism and sperm function and suggest that this compound is a versatile drug to treat metabolic disorders.
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Sun Y, Bu LG, Wang B, Ren J, Li TY, Kong LL, Ni H. Expression and hormone regulation of UCP2 in goat uterus. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 243:107015. [PMID: 35689907 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy success is closely related to the molecular mechanisms that control energy metabolism balance. However, the mechanisms have not been fully understood. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) plays a physiological role by regulating energy metabolism in numerous tissues. In this study, we determined the expression and hormone regulation of UCP2 in goat uterus. UCP2 is expressed in the luminal and glandular epithelia of goat uterus during early pregnancy, as revealed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry conducted on pregnant goats. The signals were detected from day 0 (D0) to D30 of pregnancy, though weak on D16 (the adhesion period). The low levels of UCP2 on D16 were confirmed by RT-qPCR and western blot. In goat uterus and endometrial epithelial cells (EECs), UCP2 was up-regulated by progesterone and estrogen. In addition, after goat EECs were treated with genipin (an inhibitor of UCP2), not only UCP2 expression but also cell proliferation was inhibited. Collectively, UCP2 is dynamically expressed in goat uterus and can affect EEC proliferation, suggesting that it may participate in regulating the energy metabolism balance of goat uterus during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Sun
- The Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Li-Ge Bu
- The Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bo Wang
- The Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jie Ren
- The Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ting-Yue Li
- The Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Li-Li Kong
- The Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hua Ni
- The Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Du A, Liu D, Zhang W, Wang X, Chen S. Genipin-crosslinked decellularized scaffold induces regeneration of defective rat kidneys. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:415-428. [DOI: 10.1177/08853282221104287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to improve the performance of decellularized renal scaffolds by the genipin crosslinking method to facilitate the regeneration of tissues and cells and provide better conditions for the regeneration and repair of defective kidneys. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal group, uncrosslinked scaffold group and genipin-crosslinked scaffold group. Hematoxylin eosin, Masson and immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the histomorphological characteristics of the kidneys in each group. The preservation of the renal vascular structure in the three groups was observed by vascular casting. A collagenase degradation assay was used to detect the antidegradation ability of the kidney in the three groups. CCK8 assays were used to test the in vitro biocompatibility of the scaffolds. The lower 1/3 of the rat left kidney was excised, and the defect was filled with decellularized renal scaffolds to observe the effect of scaffold implantation on the regenerative ability of the defective kidney. Results: Histological images showed that the genipin-crosslinked scaffold did not destroy the structure of the scaffold, and the collagen fibers in the scaffold was more regular, and the outline of the glomerulus was clearer than uncrosslinked scaffold. The results of casting showed that the vascular structure of genipin-crosslinked scaffold was still intact. The anti-degradation ability test showed that the anti-degradation ability of genipin-crosslinked scaffold was significantly higher than that of the uncrosslinked scaffold. Cell culture experiments showed that the genipin-crosslinked scaffold had no cytotoxicity and promoted cell proliferation to some extent. In vivo scaffold transplantation experiments further demonstrated that the genipin-crosslinked scaffold had better anti-degradation and anti-inflammatory ability. Conclusion: Genipin-crosslinked rat kidney scaffold complemented kidney defects in rats can enhance scaffold-induced kidney regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoling Du
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | | | - Shenghua Chen
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Utami Nike D, Md Fadilah NI, Sallehuddin N, Nor Azlan AYH, Imran FH, Maarof M, Fauzi MB. Genipin-Crosslinking Effects on Biomatrix Development for Cutaneous Wound Healing: A Concise Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:865014. [PMID: 35677301 PMCID: PMC9169157 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.865014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Split skin graft (SSG), a standard gold treatment for wound healing, has numerous limitations such as lack of fresh skin to be applied, tedious process, severe scarring, and keloid formation followed by higher risks of infection. Thus, there is a gap in producing polymeric scaffolds as an alternative for wound care management. Bioscaffold is the main component in tissue engineering technology that provides porous three-dimensional (3D) microarchitecture for cells to survive. Upon skin tissue reconstruction, the 3D-porous structure ensures sufficient nutrients and gaseous diffusion and cell penetration that improves cell proliferation and vascularization for tissue regeneration. Hence, it is highly considered a promising candidate for various skin wound healing applications. To date, natural-based crosslinking agents have been extensively used to tailor the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the skin biomatrix. Genipin (GNP) is preferable to other plant-based crosslinkers due to its biological activities, such as antiinflammatory and antioxidant, which are key players to boost skin wound healing. In addition, it has shown a noncytotoxic effect and is biocompatible with human skin cells. This review validated the effects of GNP in biomatrix fabrication for skin wound healing from the last 7 years of established research articles and stipulated the biomaterial development-scale point of view. Lastly, the possible role of GNP in the skin wound healing cascade is also discussed. Through the literature output, it can be concluded that GNP has the capability to increase the stability of biomatrix and maintain the skin cells viability, which will contribute in accelerating wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Utami Nike
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Izzah Md Fadilah
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nusaibah Sallehuddin
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Yasser Hamdi Nor Azlan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - Farrah Hani Imran
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Manira Maarof
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Mh Busra Fauzi,
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Li J, Li P, Li HJ. Quality consistency evaluation between dispensing granules and traditional decoction of Gardeniae Fructus based on chemical similarity and bioequivalence. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 213:114708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bryś M, Urbańska K, Olas B. Novel Findings regarding the Bioactivity of the Natural Blue Pigment Genipin in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:902. [PMID: 35055094 PMCID: PMC8776187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genipin is an important monoterpene iridoid compound isolated from Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis fruits and from Genipa americana fruits, or genipap. It is a precursor of a blue pigment which may be attractive alternative to existing food dyes and it possesses various potential therapeutic properties such as anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective activity. Biomedical studies also show that genipin may act as a neuroprotective drug. This review describes new aspects of the bioactivity of genipin against various diseases, as well as its toxicity and industrial applications, and presents its potential mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Bryś
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Karina Urbańska
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Beata Olas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Song L, Yin H, Han R, Li J, Ma N, Wang Y, Guo H. Metabolism of Du Zhong Formula in rats using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2022; 57:e4795. [PMID: 34913224 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Du Zhong Formula (DZF), a traditional Chinese medicine formula derived from BeiJiQianJinYaoFang, is used to treat kidney deficiency and lumbago. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) technique combined with pattern recognition analysis was applied for analysis of metabolic profiles of the bioactive components of the DZF in rat biological samples. In this experiment, a total of 73 compounds, including 53 prototype components and 20 metabolites, were identified tentatively in vivo compared with blank urine, plasma, feces, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The prototype ingredients in DZF include terpenoids, gingerols, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, phenanthrenes, bibenzyls, organic acids, and other ingredients. The metabolic pathways of DZF involved reduction, demethylation, hydroxylation, desugarization, deoxygenation, glucuronidation, sulfation, and methylation. The proposed method could develop an integrated template approach to analyze screening and identification of the bioactive components in plasma, urine, feces, and CSF after oral administration of herb medicines. Additionally, this investigation might provide helpful chemical information for further pharmacology and activity mechanism of DZF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongqing Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingfang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningning Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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In Vitro and In Vivo Antidiabetic Potential of Monoterpenoids: An Update. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010182. [PMID: 35011414 PMCID: PMC8746715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin levels or insulin resistance. Despite the availability of several oral and injectable hypoglycemic agents, their use is associated with a wide range of side effects. Monoterpenes are compounds extracted from different plants including herbs, vegetables, and fruits and they contribute to their aroma and flavor. Based on their chemical structure, monoterpenes are classified into acyclic, monocyclic, and bicyclic monoterpenes. They have been found to exhibit numerous biological and medicinal effects such as antipruritic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. Therefore, monoterpenes emerged as promising molecules that can be used therapeutically to treat a vast range of diseases. Additionally, monoterpenes were found to modulate enzymes and proteins that contribute to insulin resistance and other pathological events caused by DM. In this review, we highlight the different mechanisms by which monoterpenes can be used in the pharmacological intervention of DM via the alteration of certain enzymes, proteins, and pathways involved in the pathophysiology of DM. Based on the fact that monoterpenes have multiple mechanisms of action on different targets in in vitro and in vivo studies, they can be considered as lead compounds for developing effective hypoglycemic agents. Incorporating these compounds in clinical trials is needed to investigate their actions in diabetic patients in order to confirm their ability in controlling hyperglycemia.
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Meng H, Sun LK, Su J, Yan WY, Jin Y, Luo X, Jiang XR, Wang HL. Serine protease HtrA2/Omi regulates adaptive mitochondrial reprogramming in the brain cortex after ischemia/reperfusion injury via UCP2-SIRT3-PGC1 axis. Hum Cell 2021; 35:63-82. [PMID: 34807408 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00610-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study is to investigate the underlying mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) regulated by HtrA2/Omi during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). We utilized the mnd2 mouse model, which has a missense mutation in HtrA2/Omi, to investigate the HtrA2/Omi regulation in mitochondria after I/R injury in the cerebral cortex. Compared to homozygous (HtrA2mnd2) mice, heterozygous (HtrA2Hetero) mice showed aging signs at a later age, increased HtrA2/Omi expression in the brain cortex, and lesser neurodegenerative signs. The brain cortex of HtrA2Hetero mice had increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA); higher expressions of mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR)-related proteins, NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7 (Ndufs7), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) proteins; more mitochondrial fission; higher levels of ATP and mtDNA copies; elevated sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) activity; and increased NAD+/NADH ratio. After 1.5 h of I/R, the brain cortex of HtrA2Hetero mice had a larger infarction size, reduced HtrA2/Omi expression, decreased S-X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), and increased C-Caspase3 than that of wild-type animals (WT). Mitochondria from the HtrA2Hetero brain cortex showed decreased ATP production and MQC deficiency after 1.5 h I/R. Genipin pre-treatment reduced the aforementioned I/R injury in the HtrA2Hetero brain cortex. In conclusion, mitochondrial function is compensated in the HtrA2Hetero brain cortex via the upregulation of the UCP2-SIRT3-PGC1 axis. Decreased HtrA2/Omi function damages mitochondrial quality in the HtrA2Hetero mouse brain cortex, leading to more brain I/R injury. Genipin pre-treatment ameliorates brain damages via the mitochondrial UCP2-SIRT3-PGC1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Meng
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lian-Kun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wan-Yu Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yao Jin
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xian-Rui Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hong-Lei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Labat B, Buchbinder N, Morin-Grognet S, Ladam G, Atmani H, Vannier JP. Biomimetic matrix for the study of neuroblastoma cells: A promising combination of stiffness and retinoic acid. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:383-392. [PMID: 34407473 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the third most common pediatric cancer composed of malignant immature cells that are usually treated pharmacologically by all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) but sometimes, they can spontaneously differentiate into benign forms. In that context, biomimetic cell culture models are warranted tools as they can recapitulate many of the biochemical and biophysical cues of normal or pathological microenvironments. Inspired by that challenge, we developed a neuroblastoma culture system based on biomimetic LbL films of physiological biochemical composition and mechanical properties. For that, we used chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) and poly-L-lysine (PLL) that were assembled and mechanically tuned by crosslinking with genipin (GnP), a natural biocompatible crosslinker, in a relevant range of stiffness (30-160 kPa). We then assessed the adhesion, survival, motility, and differentiation of LAN-1 neuroblastoma cells. Remarkably, increasing the stiffness of the LbL films induced neuritogenesis that was strengthened by the combination with ATRA. These results highlight the crucial role of the mechanical cues of the neuroblastoma microenvironment since it can dramatically modulate the effect of pharmacologic drugs. In conclusion, our biomimetic platform offers a promising tool to help fundamental understanding and pharmacological screening of neuroblastoma differentiation and may assist the design of translational biomaterials to support neuronal regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Neuroblastoma is one of the most common pediatric tumor commonly treated by the administration of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Unfortunately, advanced neuroblastoma often develop ATRA resistance. Accordingly, in the field of pharmacological investigations on neuroblastoma, there is a tremendous need of physiologically relevant cell culture systems that can mimic normal or pathological extracellular matrices. In that context, we developed a promising matrix-like cell culture model that provides new insights on the crucial role of mechanical properties of the microenvironment upon the success of ATRA treatment on the neuroblastoma maturation. We were able to control adhesion, survival, motility, and differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. More broadly, we believe that our system will help the design of in vitro pharmacological screening strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Labat
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France.
| | | | - Sandrine Morin-Grognet
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Guy Ladam
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Hassan Atmani
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Vannier
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, PANTHER - INSERM 1234 - UFR de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rouen 22, boulevard Gambetta 76000 Rouen, France
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Wang Y, Guo J, Li B, Li D, Meng Z, Sun SK. Biocompatible therapeutic albumin/genipin bioglue for postoperative wound adhesion and residual tumor ablation. Biomaterials 2021; 279:121179. [PMID: 34700226 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Surgical adhesives have partly replaced traditional sutures to seal and reattach tissues due to their superiorities in preventing liquids leakage and avoiding secondary damage in the surrounding wound area. Most of the existing adhesives are committed to promoting wound healing and functional recovery. A therapeutic adhesive that assists in clearing the residual tumors in the surgical area is undoubtedly meaningful to obtain a better clinical outcome. Herein, enlightened by commercial BioGlue (albumin/glutaraldehyde sealant), a biocompatible therapeutic albumin/genipin bioglue is designed for postoperative wound adhesion and tumor ablation. The albumin/genipin bioglue is formed by simple mixing of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and genipin (GP) under a 35 °C water bath for 24 h without further purification. The obtained dark-blue fluorescent adhesive exhibits a significant temperature increase accompanied by heating-induced curing once irradiated with an 808-nm laser. This unique characteristic allows BSA-GP a therapeutic adhesive for postoperative wound adhesion and photothermal elimination of residual tumors under laser irradiation. Moreover, its easy injectability and impressive photothermal efficacy also make it feasible for in situ tumor photothermal ablation. The ultrasimple synthetic strategy by mimicking BioGlue endows BSA-GP adhesive with large-scale production capacity and clinical transformation potential, which is a successful paradigm for reforming existing clinical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bingjie Li
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Zhaowei Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Shao-Kai Sun
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300203, China.
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Xie J, Ye Y, Wu Z, Gou X, Peng T, Yuan X, Yang X, Zhang X, Peng Q. Screening of Key Fungal Strains in the Fermentation Process of the Chinese Medicinal Preparation "Lianzhifan Solution" Based on Metabolic Profiling and High-Throughput Sequencing Technology. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:727968. [PMID: 34497599 PMCID: PMC8420715 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.727968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ze Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Gou
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Peng
- Keystonecare Technology (Chengdu) Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Xuegang Yuan
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Department of Anorectal, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quekun Peng
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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41
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Demir I, Pehlivan S, Okan V, Sahin HH, Durusoy SS, Serin I, Oyaci Y, Pehlivan M. Effect of the uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2) and nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1) genes on treatment efficacy and survival in patients with multiple myeloma: a single-center study. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:346. [PMID: 34481515 PMCID: PMC8418283 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05758-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies on the genetic background of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have been increasing; two important factors considered in such works are uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2) and nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1). We aim to reveal the association of MM with NR3C1 and UCP-2 gene polymorphisms. In this prospective study, 200 patients diagnosed between January 2009 and 2018 and 200 healthy individuals were included. For patients who had undergone autologous stem cell transplantation and control subjects, we statistically compared the CC, GC, and GG genotypes and the C and G alleles of the NR3C1 gene, as well as the AA, AG, and GG genotypes and the A and G alleles of the UCP-2 gene. RESULTS While the AA genotype was significantly more common in the MM group (p = 0.001), the GG genotype was significantly more common in the control group (p = 0.016). Overall survival was found to be significantly shorter in patients with the UCP-2 GG genotype (p = 0.034). It was also found that having the GG genotype of the UCP-2 gene was a 2.48-fold risk factor for mortality. The fact that overall survival is significantly shorter in MM patients with the UCP-2 GG genotype and its definition as a risk factor for mortality have been put forward for the first time in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Demir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Sacide Pehlivan
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vahap Okan
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | | | - Salih Sertaç Durusoy
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Istemi Serin
- Department of Hematology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Org. Nafiz Gurman Cad., Fatih, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yasemin Oyaci
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Pehlivan
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.,Department of Hematology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Org. Nafiz Gurman Cad., Fatih, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey
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Christiani T, Mys K, Dyer K, Kadlowec J, Iftode C, Vernengo AJ. Using embedded alginate microparticles to tune the properties of in situ forming poly( N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin sulfate bioadhesive hydrogels for replacement and repair of the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. JOR Spine 2021; 4:e1161. [PMID: 34611588 PMCID: PMC8479524 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain is a major public health issue associated with degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD). The early stages of degeneration are characterized by the dehydration of the central, gelatinous portion of the IVD, the nucleus pulposus (NP). One possible treatment approach is to replace the NP in the early stages of IVD degeneration with a hydrogel that restores healthy biomechanics while supporting tissue regeneration. The present study evaluates a novel thermosensitive hydrogel based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-graft-chondroitin sulfate) (PNIPAAM-g-CS) for NP replacement. The hypothesis was tested that the addition of freeze-dried, calcium crosslinked alginate microparticles (MPs) to aqueous solutions of PNIPAAm-g-CS would enable tuning of the rheological properties of the injectable solution, as well as the bioadhesive and mechanical properties of the thermally precipitated composite gel. Further, we hypothesized that the composite would support encapsulated cell viability and differentiation. Structure-material property relationships were evaluated by varying MP concentration and diameter. The addition of high concentrations (50 mg/mL) of small MPs (20 ± 6 μm) resulted in the greatest improvement in injectability, compressive mechanical properties, and bioadhesive strength of PNIPAAm-g-CS. This combination of PNIPAAM-g-CS and alginate MPs supported the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells toward an NP-like phenotype in the presence of soluble GDF-6. When implanted ex vivo into the intradiscal cavity of degenerated porcine IVDs, the formulation restored the compressive and neutral zone stiffnesses to intact values and resisted expulsion under lateral bending. Overall, results indicate the potential of the hydrogel composite to serve as a scaffold for supporting NP regeneration. This work uniquely demonstrates that encapsulation of re-hydrating polysaccharide-based MPs may be an effective method for improving key functional properties of in situ forming hydrogels for orthopedic tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Christiani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
| | - Karen Mys
- AO Research Institute DavosDavosSwitzerland
| | - Karl Dyer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
| | - Jennifer Kadlowec
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Baldwin Wallace UniversityBereaOhioUSA
| | - Cristina Iftode
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
| | - Andrea Jennifer Vernengo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
- AO Research Institute DavosDavosSwitzerland
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
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Lee J, Lee D, Kim Y. Mathematical model of STAT signalling pathways in cancer development and optimal control approaches. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210594. [PMID: 34631119 PMCID: PMC8479343 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In various diseases, the STAT family display various cellular controls over various challenges faced by the immune system and cell death programs. In this study, we investigate how an intracellular signalling network (STAT1, STAT3, Bcl-2 and BAX) regulates important cellular states, either anti-apoptosis or apoptosis of cancer cells. We adapt a mathematical framework to illustrate how the signalling network can generate a bi-stability condition so that it will induce either apoptosis or anti-apoptosis status of tumour cells. Then, we use this model to develop several anti-tumour strategies including IFN-β infusion. The roles of JAK-STATs signalling in regulation of the cell death program in cancer cells and tumour growth are poorly understood. The mathematical model unveils the structure and functions of the intracellular signalling and cellular outcomes of the anti-tumour drugs in the presence of IFN-β and JAK stimuli. We identify the best injection order of IFN-β and DDP among many possible combinations, which may suggest better infusion strategies of multiple anti-cancer agents at clinics. We finally use an optimal control theory in order to maximize anti-tumour efficacy and minimize administrative costs. In particular, we minimize tumour volume and maximize the apoptotic potential by minimizing the Bcl-2 concentration and maximizing the BAX level while minimizing total injection amount of both IFN-β and JAK2 inhibitors (DDP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonggul Lee
- Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris 75012, France
| | - Donggu Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangjin Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School & Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA 02115, USA
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Potential Roles of Iridoid Glycosides and Their Underlying Mechanisms against Diverse Cancer Growth and Metastasis: Do They Have an Inhibitory Effect on Cancer Progression? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092974. [PMID: 34578851 PMCID: PMC8466600 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iridoids are glycosides found in plants, having inherent roles in defending them against infection by viruses and microorganisms, and in the rapid repair of damaged areas. The emerging roles of iridoid glycosides on pharmacological properties have aroused the curiosity of many researchers, and studies undertaken indicate that iridoid glycosides exert inhibitory effects in numerous cancers. This review focuses on the roles and the potential mechanism of iridoid glycosides at each stage of cancer development such as proliferation, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Overall, the reviewed literature indicates that iridoid glycosides inhibit cancer growth by inducing cell cycle arrest or by regulating apoptosis-related signaling pathways. In addition, iridoid glycosides suppress the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), resulting in reduced cancer cell migration and invasiveness. The antiangiogenic mechanism of iridoid glycosides was found to be closely related to the transcriptional regulation of pro-angiogenic factors, i.e., vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31). Taken together, these results indicate the therapeutic potential of iridoid glycosides to alleviate or prevent rapid cancer progression and metastasis.
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45
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Abdel-Hamid NM, Abass SA. Matrix metalloproteinase contribution in management of cancer proliferation, metastasis and drug targeting. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6525-6538. [PMID: 34379286 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06635-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) or matrixins, are members of a zinc-dependent endopeptidase family. They cause remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to numerous diseases. MMPs subfamilies possess: collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins and membrane-type MMPs (MT-MMP). They consist of several domains; pro-peptide, catalytic, linker peptide and the hemopexin (Hpx) domains. MMPs are involved in initiation, proliferation and metastasis of cancer through the breakdown of ECM physical barriers. Overexpression of MMPs is associated with poor prognosis of cancer. This review will discuss both types of MMPs and current inhibitors, which target them in different aspects, including, biosynthesis, activation, secretion and catalytic activity. Several synthetic and natural inhibitors of MMPs (MMPIs) that can bind the catalytic domain of MMPs have been designed including; peptidomimetic, non-peptidomimetic, tetracycline derivatives, off-target MMPI, natural products, microRNAs and monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil M Abdel-Hamid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa A Abass
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
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Ashrafizadeh M, Mirzaei S, Hashemi F, Zarrabi A, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Sharifzadeh SO, Soleymani L, Daneshi S, Hushmandi K, Khan H, Kumar AP, Aref AR, Samarghandian S. New insight towards development of paclitaxel and docetaxel resistance in cancer cells: EMT as a novel molecular mechanism and therapeutic possibilities. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111824. [PMID: 34175815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism is responsible for metastasis and migration of cancer cells to neighboring cells and tissues. Morphologically, epithelial cells are transformed to mesenchymal cells, and at molecular level, E-cadherin undergoes down-regulation, while an increase occurs in N-cadherin and vimentin levels. Increasing evidence demonstrates role of EMT in mediating drug resistance of cancer cells. On the other hand, paclitaxel (PTX) and docetaxel (DTX) are two chemotherapeutic agents belonging to taxene family, capable of inducing cell cycle arrest in cancer cells via preventing microtubule depolymerization. Aggressive behavior of cancer cells resulted from EMT-mediated metastasis can lead to PTX and DTX resistance. Upstream mediators of EMT such as ZEB1/2, TGF-β, microRNAs, and so on are involved in regulating response of cancer cells to PTX and DTX. Tumor-suppressing factors inhibit EMT to promote PTX and DTX sensitivity of cancer cells. Furthermore, three different strategies including using anti-tumor compounds, gene therapy and delivery systems have been developed for suppressing EMT, and enhancing cytotoxicity of PTX and DTX against cancer cells that are mechanistically discussed in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leyla Soleymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vice President at Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Lin J, Wang Z, Meng H, Guo X. Genipin crosslinked gum arabic: Synthesis, characterization, and emulsification properties. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 261:117880. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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48
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Genipin Attenuates Tau Phosphorylation and Aβ Levels in Cellular Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:4134-4144. [PMID: 33948899 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating brain disorder characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. Inhibiting Tau protein and amyloid-beta (Aβ) production or removing these molecules is considered potential therapeutic strategies for AD. Genipin is an aglycone and is isolated from the extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit. In this study, the effect and molecular mechanisms of genipin on the inhibition of Tau aggregation and Aβ generation were investigated. The results showed that genipin bound to Tau and protected against heparin-induced Tau fibril formation. Moreover, genipin suppressed Tau phosphorylation probably by downregulating the expression of CDK5 and GSK-3β, and activated mTOR-dependent autophagy via the SIRT1/LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway in Tau-overexpressing cells. In addition, genipin decreased Aβ production by inhibiting BACE1 expression through the PERK/eIF2α signaling pathway in N2a/SweAPP cells. These data indicated that genipin could effectively lead to a significant reduction of phosphorylated Tau level and Aβ generation in vitro, suggesting that genipin might be developed into an effective therapeutic complement or a potential nutraceutical for preventing AD.
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Yu Y, Xu S, Li S, Pan H. Genipin-cross-linked hydrogels based on biomaterials for drug delivery: a review. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1583-1597. [PMID: 33443245 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01403f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Genipin is a naturally occurring nontoxic cross-linker, which has been widely used for drug delivery due to its excellent biocompatibility, admirable biodegradability and stable cross-linked attributes. These advantages led to its extensive application in the fabrication of hydrogels for drug delivery. This review describes the physicochemical characteristics and pharmacological activities of genipin and attempts to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of the cross-linking reaction between genipin and biomaterials. The current article entails a general review of the different biomaterials cross-linked by genipin: chitosan and its derivatives, collagen, gelatin, etc. The genipin-cross-linked hydrogels for various pharmaceutical applications, including ocular drug delivery, buccal drug delivery, oral drug delivery, anti-inflammatory drug delivery, and antibiotic and antifungal drug delivery, are reported. Finally, the future research directions and challenges of genipin-cross-linked hydrogels for pharmaceutical applications are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China. and Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Sanming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hao Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
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50
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Biopolymer Matrices Based on Chitosan and Fibroin: A Review Focused on Methods for Studying Surface Properties. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides2010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
For the creation of tissue-engineered structures based on natural biopolymers with the necessary chemical, physical, adhesive, morphological, and regenerative properties, biocompatible materials based on polysaccharides and proteins are used. This work is devoted to a problem of the technology of polymeric materials for biomedical purposes: the creation of biopolymer tissue engineering matrix and the development of a methodology for studying morphology and functional properties of their surface to establish the prospects for using the material for contact with living objects. The conditions for the formation of scaffolds based on composite materials of chitosan and fibroin determine the structure of the material, the thickness and orientation of molecular layers, the surface morphology, and other parameters that affect cell adhesion and growth. The analysis of studies of the morphology and properties of the surface of biopolymer matrices obtained using different methods of molding from solutions of chitosan and fibroin is carried out.
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