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Zheng Y, Zhang C, Liu Y. Risk prediction models of depression in older adults with chronic diseases. J Affect Disord 2024; 359:182-188. [PMID: 38768825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detecting potential depression and identifying the critical predictors of depression among older adults with chronic diseases are essential for timely intervention and management of depression. Therefore, risk prediction models (RPMs) of depression in elderly people should be further explored. METHODS A total of 3959 respondents aged 60 years or over from the wave four survey of the China Health and Retired Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included in this study. We used five machine learning (ML) algorithms and three data balancing techniques to construct RPMs of depression and calculated feature importance scores to determine which features are essential to depression. RESULTS The prevalence of depression was 19.2 % among older Chinese adults with chronic diseases in the wave four survey. The random forest (RF) model was more accurate than the other models after balancing the data using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) algorithm, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.957 and 0.920, respectively, a balanced accuracy of 0.891 and a sensitivity of 0.875. Furthermore, we further identified several important predictors between male and female patients via constructed sex-stratified models. LIMITATIONS Further research on the clinical impact studies of our models and external validation are needed. CONCLUSIONS After several techniques were used to address class imbalance issues, most RPMs achieved satisfactory accuracy in predicting depression among elderly people with chronic diseases. RPMs may thus become valuable screening tools for both older individuals and healthcare practitioners to assess the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zheng
- School of Nursing, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Chu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Yuwen Liu
- School of Health Management, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China.
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2
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Kyuragi Y, Oishi N, Hatakoshi M, Hirano J, Noda T, Yoshihara Y, Ito Y, Igarashi H, Miyata J, Takahashi K, Kamiya K, Matsumoto J, Okada T, Fushimi Y, Nakagome K, Mimura M, Murai T, Suwa T. Segmentation and Volume Estimation of the Habenula Using Deep Learning in Patients With Depression. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:100314. [PMID: 38726037 PMCID: PMC11078767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The habenula is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. However, its small structure limits the accuracy of segmentation methods, and the findings regarding its volume have been inconsistent. This study aimed to create a highly accurate habenula segmentation model using deep learning, test its generalizability to clinical magnetic resonance imaging, and examine differences between healthy participants and patients with depression. Methods This multicenter study included 382 participants (patients with depression: N = 234, women 47.0%; healthy participants: N = 148, women 37.8%). A 3-dimensional residual U-Net was used to create a habenula segmentation model on 3T magnetic resonance images. The reproducibility and generalizability of the predictive model were tested on various validation cohorts. Thereafter, differences between the habenula volume of healthy participants and that of patients with depression were examined. Results A Dice coefficient of 86.6% was achieved in the derivation cohort. The test-retest dataset showed a mean absolute percentage error of 6.66, indicating sufficiently high reproducibility. A Dice coefficient of >80% was achieved for datasets with different imaging conditions, such as magnetic field strengths, spatial resolutions, and imaging sequences, by adjusting the threshold. A significant negative correlation with age was observed in the general population, and this correlation was more pronounced in patients with depression (p < 10-7, r = -0.59). Habenula volume decreased with depression severity in women even when the effects of age and scanner were excluded (p = .019, η2 = 0.099). Conclusions Habenula volume could be a pathophysiologically relevant factor and diagnostic and therapeutic marker for depression, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kyuragi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Oishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Momoko Hatakoshi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jinichi Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takamasa Noda
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yujiro Yoshihara
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuri Ito
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Igarashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Miyata
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kento Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Kamiya
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junya Matsumoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Okada
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Fushimi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiya Murai
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taro Suwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Cui R, Hao X, Huang P, He M, Ma W, Gong D, Yao D. Behavioral state-dependent associations between EEG temporal correlations and depressive symptoms. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 341:111811. [PMID: 38583274 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown abnormal long-range temporal correlations in neuronal oscillations among individuals with Major Depressive Disorders, occurring during both resting states and transitions between resting and task states. However, the understanding of this effect in preclinical individuals with depression remains limited. This study investigated the association between temporal correlations of neuronal oscillations and depressive symptoms during resting and task states in preclinical individuals, specifically focusing on male action video gaming experts. Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), Lifetimes, and Waitingtimes were employed to explore temporal correlations across long-range and short-range scales. The results indicated widespread changes from the resting state to the task state across all frequency bands and temporal scales. Rest-task DFA changes in the alpha band exhibited a negative correlation with depressive scores at most electrodes. Significant positive correlations between DFA values and depressive scores were observed in the alpha band during the resting state but not in the task state. Similar patterns of results emerged concerning maladaptive negative emotion regulation strategies. Additionally, short-range temporal correlations in the alpha band echoed the DFA results. These findings underscore the state-dependent relationships between temporal correlations of neuronal oscillations and depressive symptoms, as well as maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, in preclinical individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Cui
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyang Hao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Huang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengling He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiyi Ma
- School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Diankun Gong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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Olson RJ, Bartlett L, Sonneborn A, Milton R, Bretton-Granatoor Z, Firdous A, Harris AZ, Abbas AI. Decoupling of cortical activity from behavioral state following administration of the classic psychedelic DOI. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110030. [PMID: 38851531 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Administration or consumption of classic psychedelics (CPs) leads to profound changes in experience which are often described as highly novel and meaningful. They have shown substantial promise in treating depressive symptoms and may be therapeutic in other situations. Although research suggests that the therapeutic response is correlated with the intensity of the experience, the neural circuit basis for the alterations in experience caused by CPs requires further study. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), where CPs have been shown to induce rapid, 5-HT2A receptor-dependent structural and neurophysiological changes, is believed to be a key site of action. To investigate the acute neural circuit changes induced by CPs, we recorded single neurons and local field potentials in the mPFC of freely behaving male mice after administration of the 5-HT2A/2C receptor-selective CP, 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI). We segregated recordings into active and rest periods in order to examine cortical activity during desynchronized (active) and synchronized (rest) states. We found that DOI induced a robust decrease in low frequency power when animals were at rest, attenuating the usual synchronization that occurs during less active behavioral states. DOI also increased broadband gamma power and suppressed activity in fast-spiking neurons in both active and rest periods. Together, these results suggest that the CP DOI induces persistent desynchronization in mPFC, including during rest when mPFC typically exhibits more synchronized activity. This shift in cortical dynamics may in part underlie the longer-lasting effects of CPs on plasticity, and may be critical to their therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall J Olson
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA
| | - Lowell Bartlett
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA
| | - Alex Sonneborn
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA
| | - Russell Milton
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA
| | | | - Ayesha Firdous
- Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10034, USA
| | - Alexander Z Harris
- Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10034, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10034, USA
| | - Atheir I Abbas
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA; VA Portland Health Care System, Portland OR, 97239, USA.
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Rosário NSA, do Santos GSE, Batista AL, de Assis AD, Nórte CE, Mocaiber I, Volchan E, Pereira GS, Pereira MG, de Oliveira L, Meireles AL, Bearzoti E, Souza GGL. Exploring the effects of COVID-19-related traumatic events on the mental health of university students in Brazil: A cross-sectional investigation. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 247:104300. [PMID: 38733745 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
University students are vulnerable to mental health issues during their academic lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, university students faced mental distress due to lockdowns and the transition to e-learning. However, it is not known whether these students were also affected specifically by COVID-19-related traumatic events. This study examined the impact of COVID-19-related traumatic events on 2277 university students from two federal institutions of higher education in Brazil. The university students completed an online questionnaire covering demographics, lifestyle habits, health characteristics, COVID-19-related traumatic events, and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The results showed that an increased intensity of COVID-19-related traumatic events was positively associated with stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, and each specific type of event was associated with these symptoms. In addition, we found a negative association between these symptoms and male sex and age and a positive association with having or having had a history of cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, or mental disorders or another disease diagnosed by a physician. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the heightened risk of mental health issues in university students in the face of COVID-19-related traumatic events. Women, young people and people who have or have had a history of disease were the most vulnerable to mental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nacha Samadi Andrade Rosário
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil
| | - Gabriel Soares Emiliano do Santos
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Batista
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil
| | - Aisllan Diego de Assis
- School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Mental and Public Health, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Nórte
- Department of Cognition and Development, Institute of Psychology, Rio de Janeiro State University (Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Izabela Mocaiber
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute of Humanities and Health, Fluminense Federal University (Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF), Rio das Ostras, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliane Volchan
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Grace Schenatto Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mirtes Garcia Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University (Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University (Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guerra Leal Souza
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil.
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Aharon G, Aisenberg-Shafran D, Levi-Belz Y. Adherence to Masculinity Norms and Depression Symptoms Among Israeli Men: The Moderating Role of Psychological Flexibility. Am J Mens Health 2024; 18:15579883241253820. [PMID: 38794957 PMCID: PMC11128175 DOI: 10.1177/15579883241253820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Being a man has been recognized as a salient risk factor for suicide. Adopting uncompromised masculine perceptions (i.e., conforming to the masculine gender role norms) may restrict emotional expressiveness in men, which, in turn, may contribute to depression and somatization symptoms. We examined the moderating role of psychological flexibility and alexithymia in the relationship of masculinity with depression and somatization symptoms. A sample of 119 men completed measures of masculinity, alexithymia (difficulty identifying and delivering subjective feelings), psychological flexibility, depression, and somatization symptoms in a cross-sectional design study. Psychological flexibility levels moderated the relationship between masculinity and depression symptoms: Masculinity contributed as positively associated with depression symptoms when psychological flexibility was low, but no such association was found at moderate or high levels of psychological flexibility. As a cognitive factor promoting adaptive emotional regulation, psychological flexibility might reduce depression symptoms among inflexible masculine men. Clinical implications relate to diagnosing at-risk subgroups and their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Aharon
- Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
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Woo J, Lehrer HM, Tabibi D, Cebulske L, Tanaka H, Steinhardt M. The Association of Multidimensional Sleep Health With HbA1c and Depressive Symptoms in African American Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:307-314. [PMID: 38724038 PMCID: PMC11090412 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep is important for diabetes-related health outcomes. Using a multidimensional sleep health framework, we examined the association of individual sleep health dimensions and a composite sleep health score with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and depressive symptoms among African American adults with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants (N = 257; mean age = 62.5 years) were recruited through local churches. Wrist-worn actigraphy and sleep questionnaire data assessed multidimensional sleep health using the RuSATED framework (regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, duration). Individual sleep dimensions were dichotomized into poor or good sleep health and summed into a composite score. HbA1c was assessed using the DCA Vantage™ Analyzer or A1CNow® Self Check. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Regression models examined the association of individual sleep dimensions and composite sleep health with HbA1c and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Higher composite sleep health scores were associated with a lower likelihood of having greater than minimal depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.578, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.461-0.725). Several individual sleep dimensions, including irregularity (OR = 1.013, CI = 1.005-1.021), poor satisfaction (OR = 3.130, CI = 2.095-4.678), and lower alertness (OR = 1.866, CI = 1.230-2.833) were associated with a greater likelihood of having depressive symptoms. Neither composite sleep health scores nor individual sleep dimensions were associated with HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS Better multidimensional sleep health is associated with lower depressive symptoms among African American adults with type 2 diabetes. Longitudinal research is needed to determine the causal association between multidimensional sleep health and depressive symptoms in this population. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04282395.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Woo
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | | | - Doonya Tabibi
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Lauren Cebulske
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Hirofumi Tanaka
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Mary Steinhardt
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
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Schräder J, Meller T, Evermann U, Pfarr JK, Nenadić I. Multi-modal morphometric association study of subclinical depressive symptoms using voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). J Affect Disord 2024; 351:755-764. [PMID: 38302065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Case-control studies in major depression have established numerous regional grey and white matter effects in fronto-limbic brain regions. Yet, brain structural studies of dimensional depressive psychopathology within the subclinical spectrum are still limited, in particular for multi-modal imaging approaches. METHODS Using voxel-based and surface-based morphometry (cortical thickness) in combination with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in a large non-clinical sample (N = 300), we correlated grey and white matter structural variation with subclinical depressive symptoms assessed with Beck's Depression inventory (BDI). RESULTS We found a significant decrease of axial diffusivity associated with higher BDI scores in the left hippocampal part of the cingulum bundle (p < 0.05, threshold free cluster enhanced [TFCE] p-value) and some grey matter trend results e.g., a non-linear negative correlation of cortical thickness with depressive symptom load in the right pre/postcentral cortex (pFWE = 0.054, family wise error [FWE] peak level corrected) and a trend in grey matter volume decrease in women in the inferior frontal gyrus (pFWE = 0.054). LIMITATIONS Since all grey matter effects disappear after FWE correction, we assume more stable effects in a larger, less homogenous sample enriched by help-seeking subjects covering a wider range of subclinical psychopathology. CONCLUSION Our study adds correlations between single depressive symptoms and brain structure to a growing literature. Since subclinical depression is increasingly recognised to be relevant in our understanding of manifest depression, early detection and identification of potential brain correlates of minor depressive symptoms has the potential to expand and reveal possible biomarkers and early psychological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schräder
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Tina Meller
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulrika Evermann
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Julia-Katharina Pfarr
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany; Marburg University Hospital - UKGM, Marburg, Germany.
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Li Y, Yan X, Meng X, Yuan J. Focus on the sex-specific neural markers in the discrimination of various degrees of depression. PSYCHORADIOLOGY 2024; 4:kkae006. [PMID: 38666135 PMCID: PMC11043914 DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Li
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Psychology and Behavior of Discipline Inspection and Supervision, Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Xinyu Yan
- Psychologie, Sciences de l'Education et Logopédie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Xianxin Meng
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Jiajin Yuan
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Psychology and Behavior of Discipline Inspection and Supervision, Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
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Shawon MSR, Hossain FB, Hasan M, Rahman MR. Gender differences in the prevalence of anxiety and depression and care seeking for mental health problems in Nepal: Analysis of nationally representative survey data. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2024; 11:e46. [PMID: 38690568 PMCID: PMC11058515 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2024.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Assessing gender disparity in mental health is crucial for targeted interventions. This study aims to quantify gender disparities in mental health burdens, specifically anxiety and depression, and related care-seeking behaviors across various sociodemographic factors in Nepal, highlighting the importance of gender-specific mental health interventions. Methods Data from the 2022 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey was utilized, employing the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 scale (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scales for anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. Multiple logistic regression models assessed gender associations with these conditions and care-seeking behaviors. Results Women had a higher point prevalence of anxiety (21.9% vs. 11.3%) and depression (5.4% vs. 1.7%) than men. Large variations were noted in gender disparities in the prevalence of anxiety and depression, influenced by age, geographical areas, level of education and household wealth. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, women were more likely to experience anxiety (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.96-2.43) and depression (aOR = 3.21, 95% CI: 2.53-4.07). However, no difference was observed in the rates of seeking care for anxiety or depression (aOR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.91-1.40). Conclusions Our findings show a higher point prevalence of mental health issues among women than men, influenced by sociodemographic factors, underscoring the need for gender-focused mental health interventions in Nepal and globally.
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Dong D, Pizzagalli DA, Bolton TAW, Ironside M, Zhang X, Li C, Sun X, Xiong G, Cheng C, Wang X, Yao S, Belleau EL. Sex-specific resting state brain network dynamics in patients with major depressive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:806-813. [PMID: 38218921 PMCID: PMC10948777 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Sex-specific neurobiological changes have been implicated in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Dysfunctions of the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and frontoparietal network (FPN) are critical neural characteristics of MDD, however, the potential moderating role of sex on resting-state network dynamics in MDD has not been sufficiently evaluated. Thus, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected from 138 unmedicated patients with first-episode MDD (55 males) and 243 healthy controls (HCs; 106 males). Recurring functional network co-activation patterns (CAPs) were extracted, and time spent in each CAP (the total amount of volumes associated to a CAP), persistence (the average number of consecutive volumes linked to a CAP), and transitions across CAPs involving the SN, DMN and FPN were quantified. Relative to HCs, MDD patients exhibited greater persistence in a CAP involving activation of the DMN and deactivation of the FPN (DMN + FPN-). In addition, relative to the sex-matched HCs, the male MDD group spent more time in two CAPs involving the SN and DMN (i.e., DMN + SN- and DMN-SN + ) and transitioned more frequently from the DMN + FPN- CAP to the DMN + SN- CAP relative to the male HC group. Conversely, the female MDD group showed less persistence in the DMN + SN- CAP relative to the female HC group. Our findings highlight that the imbalance between SN and DMN could be a neurobiological marker supporting sex differences in MDD. Moreover, the dominance of the DMN accompanied by the deactivation of the FPN could be a sex-independent neurobiological correlate related to depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daifeng Dong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Diego A Pizzagalli
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas A W Bolton
- Connectomics Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Ironside
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Xiaocui Zhang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chuting Li
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sun
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ge Xiong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chang Cheng
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shuqiao Yao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Emily L Belleau
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Jiang Y, Zhu D, Huang X, Li Y, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Wang W, Guo L, Chen Y, Liao Y, Liu Y, Zhang H, Le GH, McIntyre RS, Fan B, Lu C. Associations between somatic symptoms and remission of major depressive disorder: A longitudinal study in China. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 172:382-390. [PMID: 38452636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have documented negative associations between somatic symptoms and remission of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the correlations of specific somatic symptoms with remission remain uncertain. We aimed to explore the associations between specific somatic symptoms and remission focusing on sex differences among patients with MDD. We used data from patients with MDD in the Depression Cohort in China. At baseline, total somatic symptoms were evaluated using the 28-item Somatic Symptoms Inventory and were categorized into pain, autonomic, energy, and central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. To measure remission of MDD, depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 after 3 months of treatment. We ultimately included 634 patients. Compared with quartile 1 of total somatic symptom scores, the full-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for remission from quartile 2 to quartile 4 were 0.52 (0.30, 0.90), 0.44 (0.23, 0.83), and 0.36 (0.17, 0.75), respectively (P-value for trend = 0.005). The restricted cubic spline showed no non-linear associations between total somatic symptoms with remission (P-value for non-linear = 0.238). Pain, autonomic, and CNS symptoms showed similar results. Sex-stratified analysis showed that total somatic symptoms, pain symptoms, and autonomic symptoms were negatively correlated with remission in females, whereas CNS symptoms were negatively associated with remission in males. Our findings indicate that specific somatic symptoms exert differential effects on remission of MDD. Therapeutic interventions that target pain, autonomic, and CNS symptoms may increase the probability of remission. Furthermore, interventions for somatic symptoms should be tailored by sex, and females deserve more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchen Jiang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Dongjian Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yanzhi Li
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yunbin Jiang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wanxin Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhua Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yifeng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gia Han Le
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Beifang Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ciyong Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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13
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Leys F, Eschlböck S, Campese N, Mahlknecht P, Peball M, Goebel G, Sidoroff V, Krismer F, Granata R, Kiechl S, Poewe W, Seppi K, Wenning GK, Fanciulli A. Sex-related differences in the clinical presentation of multiple system atrophy. Clin Auton Res 2024; 34:253-268. [PMID: 38630378 PMCID: PMC11127878 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-024-01028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate sex-related differences in the clinical presentation of multiple system atrophy (MSA) through a literature review and an analysis of a retrospective cohort. METHODS The PubMed database was searched for articles including sex-related information in MSA. In a retrospective Innsbruck cohort, we investigated the baseline to last available follow-up clinical-demographic differences between men and women with MSA in a univariate fashion, followed by multivariable binary regression analysis. RESULTS The literature search yielded 46 publications with sex-related information in MSA. Most studies found comparable survival rates between the sexes, while some recent reports suggested a potential survival benefit for women, possibly due to initial motor onset and overall less severe autonomic failure compared to men. The retrospective Innsbruck MSA cohort comprised 56 female and 60 male individuals with a comparable median follow-up of 27 months. At baseline, female sex was independently associated with depression (odds ratio [OR] 4.7; p = 0.007) and male sex with severe orthostatic hypotension (OR 5.5; p = 0.016). In addition, at last follow-up, female sex was associated with the intake of central nervous system-active drugs (OR 4.1; p = 0.029), whereas male sex was associated with the presence of supine hypertension (OR 3.0; p = 0.020) and the intake of antihypertensive medications (OR 8.7; p = 0.001). Male sex was also associated with initiation of antihypertensive medications over the observation period (OR 12.4; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION The available literature and findings of the present study indicate sex-related differences in the clinical presentation of MSA and its evolution over time, highlighting the importance of considering sex in symptom exploration, therapeutic decision-making, and future clinical trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Leys
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabine Eschlböck
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Hochzirl-Natters Hospital, Zirl, Austria
| | - Nicole Campese
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Mahlknecht
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marina Peball
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Goebel
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Victoria Sidoroff
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Krismer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Roberta Granata
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Poewe
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Provincial Hospital of Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria
| | - Gregor K Wenning
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Zhou Z, Gao Y, Bao W, Liang K, Cao L, Tang M, Li H, Hu X, Zhang L, Sun H, Roberts N, Gong Q, Huang X. Distinctive intrinsic functional connectivity alterations of anterior cingulate cortex subdivisions in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105583. [PMID: 38365137 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Evidence of whether the intrinsic functional connectivity of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and its subregions is altered in major depressive disorder (MDD) remains inconclusive. A systematic review and meta-analysis were therefore performed on the whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) studies using the ACC and its subregions as seed regions in MDD, in order to draw more reliable conclusions. Forty-four ACC-based rsFC studies were included, comprising 25 subgenual ACC-based studies, 11 pregenual ACC-based studies, and 17 dorsal ACC-based studies. Specific alterations of rsFC were identified for each ACC subregion in patients with MDD, with altered rsFC of subgenual ACC in emotion-related brain regions, of pregenual ACC in sensorimotor-related regions, and of dorsal ACC in cognition-related regions. Furthermore, meta-regression analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the pgACC-caudate hypoconnectivity and percentage of female patients in the study cohort. This meta-analysis provides robust evidence of altered intrinsic functional connectivity of the ACC subregions in MDD, which may hold relevance to understanding the origin of, and treating, the emotional, sensorimotor and cognitive dysfunctions that are often observed in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Zhou
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingxue Gao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijie Bao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaili Liang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxiao Cao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyue Tang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqing Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huaiqiang Sun
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Neil Roberts
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Centre for Reproductive Health (CRH), School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Chengdu, China; The Xiaman Key Lab of psychoradiology and neuromodulation, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Chengdu, China; The Xiaman Key Lab of psychoradiology and neuromodulation, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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15
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Elamoshy R, Farag M, Geda N, Feng C. Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on self-reported levels of depression during the pandemic relative to pre-pandemic among Canadian adults. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:29. [PMID: 38449047 PMCID: PMC10918925 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the impact of COVID-19 related risk factors on self-reported increases in depression among Canadian adults during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels. We aim to investigate the interactive effects of stressors, including social isolation, financial stress, and fear of catching COVID-19, on mental health outcomes. Our study aims to provide insights for the development of prevention and intervention strategies to address the mental health effects of the pandemic by examining the psychological changes attributable to the pandemic and its impact. METHODS This study used data collected from the Mental Health Research Canada online survey during the third wave of COVID-19 (April 20-28, 2021). The study examined the impact of COVID-19 related factors, including social isolation, financial concerns, fear of catching COVID-19, and concerns about paying bills, on self-reported increases in depression. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to examine these associations, with adjustments made for potential confounding variables. All statistical analysis was performed using SAS V9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). RESULTS Participants reporting social isolation, financial concerns, and fear of catching COVID-19 were more likely to report increased depression. An interaction was observed between concerns for paying bills and catching COVID-19 in relation to depression (p = 0.0085). In other words, the effect of concerns about paying bills on depression was stronger for individuals who also had a fear of catching COVID-19, and vice versa. Young adults, females, patients with pre-existing depression, and residents of certain provinces reported higher levels of depression during COVID-19. CONCLUSION Our study underscores the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, particularly among certain demographic groups. It emphasizes the need for depression screening and increased support for mental health during the pandemic, with a focus on mitigating financial burdens and reducing negative psychological impacts of social isolation. Our findings highlight the complex interplay between different stressors and the need to consider this when designing interventions to support mental health during times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Elamoshy
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Marwa Farag
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Nigatu Geda
- College of Development Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Cindy Feng
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dalhousie, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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16
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Farinha-Ferreira M, Magalhães DM, Neuparth-Sottomayor M, Rafael H, Miranda-Lourenço C, Sebastião AM. Unmoving and uninflamed: Characterizing neuroinflammatory dysfunction in the Wistar-Kyoto rat model of depression. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38430009 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Reductionistic research on depressive disorders has been hampered by the limitations of animal models. Recently, it has been hypothesized that neuroinflammation is a key player in depressive disorders. The Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat is an often-used animal model of depression, but no information so far exists on its neuroinflammatory profile. As such, we compared male young adult WKY rats to Wistar (WS) controls, with regard to both behavioral performance and brain levels of key neuroinflammatory markers. We first assessed anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in a battery consisting of the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), the Novelty Suppressed Feeding (NSFT), Open Field (OFT), Social Interaction (SIT), Forced Swim (FST), Sucrose Preference (SPT), and Splash tests (ST). We found that WKY rats displayed increased NSFT feeding latency, decreased OFT center zone permanence, decreased EPM open arm permanence, decreased SIT interaction time, and increased immobility in the FST. However, WKY rats also evidenced marked hypolocomotion, which is likely to confound performance in such tests. Interestingly, WKY rats performed similarly, or even above, to WS levels in the SPT and ST, in which altered locomotion is not a significant confound. In a separate cohort, we assessed prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus and amygdala levels of markers of astrocytic (GFAP, S100A10) and microglial (Iba1, CD86, Ym1) activation status, as well as of three key proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α). There were no significant differences between strains in any of these markers, in any of the regions assessed. Overall, results highlight that behavioral data obtained with WKY rats as a model of depression must be carefully interpreted, considering the marked locomotor activity deficits displayed. Furthermore, our data suggest that, despite WKY rats replicating many depression-associated neurobiological alterations, as shown by others, this is not the case for neuroinflammation-related alterations, thus representing a novel limitation of this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Farinha-Ferreira
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniela M Magalhães
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Neuparth-Sottomayor
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo Rafael
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Miranda-Lourenço
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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17
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Ledesma-Corvi S, Jornet-Plaza J, Gálvez-Melero L, García-Fuster MJ. Novel rapid treatment options for adolescent depression. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107085. [PMID: 38309382 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for novel fast-acting antidepressants for adolescent treatment-resistant depression and/or suicidal risk, since the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors that are clinically approved for that age (i.e., fluoxetine or escitalopram) take weeks to work. In this context, one of the main research lines of our group is to characterize at the preclinical level novel approaches for rapid-acting antidepressants for adolescence. The present review summarizes the potential use in adolescence of non-pharmacological options, such as neuromodulators (electroconvulsive therapy and other innovative types of brain stimulation), as well as pharmacological options, including consciousness-altering drugs (mainly ketamine but also classical psychedelics) and cannabinoids (i.e., cannabidiol), with promising fast-acting responses. Following a brief analytical explanation of adolescent depression, we present a general introduction for each therapeutical approach together with the clinical evidence supporting its potential beneficial use in adolescence (mainly extrapolated from prior successful examples for adults), to then report recent and/or ongoing preclinical studies that will aid in improving the inclusion of these therapies in the clinic, by considering potential sex-, age-, and dose-related differences, and/or other factors that might affect efficacy or long-term safety. Finally, we conclude the review by providing future avenues to maximize treatment response, including the need for more clinical studies and the importance of designing and/or testing novel treatment options that are safe and fast-acting for adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ledesma-Corvi
- Neuropharmacology Research Group, IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Jordi Jornet-Plaza
- Neuropharmacology Research Group, IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Laura Gálvez-Melero
- Neuropharmacology Research Group, IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - M Julia García-Fuster
- Neuropharmacology Research Group, IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.
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18
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Gubán Z, Gubán M, Csekő-Szél A. Somatization Patterns and Minority Stress Among LGBTQ+ Individuals in Hungary. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38386284 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2024.2321505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This research aims to explore the relationship between somatization and minority stress in the LGBTQ+ community in Hungary, building on the biopsychosocial model, addressing the unique health challenges of the community and expanding the currently limited literature on the subject. The study involved adult, LGBTQ+, Hungarian individuals, and it assessed somatic symptom severity using the Patient Health Questionnaire-15. Ordinal logistic regressions were carried out, using multiple covariates and factors. Our findings shows that women reported higher somatic symptoms and stress levels, however, these effects are moderate among those living in the capital. The influence of residence type on the individual's psychosomatic health was proven to depend on their sexual orientations and gender identities. Additionally, older respondents, regardless of their gender or sexual orientation, seem to experience less somatic symptoms and stress. The gender respondents identify with, their type of residency, and age have been demonstrated as the most significant factors influencing somatic symptoms and perceived stress. As one of the pioneering studies on psychosomatic symptoms in sexual and gender minorities in Hungary, this research underscores the imperative to academically and practically address the health concerns of the LGBTQ+ community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Gubán
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Anna Csekő-Szél
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry, Regionshospitalet Randers, Randers, Denmark
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19
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Niemela L, Lamoury G, Carroll S, Morgia M, Yeung A, Oh B. Exploring gender differences in the relationship between gut microbiome and depression - a scoping review. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1361145. [PMID: 38439790 PMCID: PMC10910028 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1361145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibits gender disparities, and emerging evidence suggests the involvement of the gut microbiome, necessitating exploration of sex-specific differences. Methods A review was conducted, encompassing a thorough examination of relevant studies available in Medline via Ovid, Embase via OvidSP, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases from their inception to June 2023. The search strategy employed specific keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms tailored to major depressive disorder in women, encompassing unipolar depression, depressive symptoms, and dysbiosis. Results Five studies were included. Among the four studies, alterations in alpha (n=1) and beta diversity (n=3) in the gut microbiome of individuals with MDD were revealed compared to controls. Gender-specific differences were observed in four studies, demonstrating the abundance of specific bacterial taxa and highlighting potential sex-specific implications in MDD pathophysiology. Correlation analyses (n=4) indicated associations between certain bacterial taxa and the severity of depressive symptoms, with varying patterns between males and females. Studies (n=3) also highlighted promising findings regarding the potential utility of microbial markers in diagnosing MDD, emphasizing the crucial role of sex stratification in understanding the disease pathophysiology. Conclusions The findings underscore the importance of recognizing gender-specific differences in the composition of the gut microbiome and its relationship with MDD. Further comprehensive robust studies are required to unravel the intricate mechanisms underlying these disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Niemela
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gillian Lamoury
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan Carroll
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marita Morgia
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Albert Yeung
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Byeongsang Oh
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Colangelo LA, Carroll AJ, Perak AM, Gidding SS, Lima JAC, Lloyd-Jones DM. Association of 20-Year Longitudinal Depressive Symptoms With Left Ventricular Geometry Outcomes in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study: A Role for Androgens? Psychosom Med 2024; 86:60-71. [PMID: 38193784 PMCID: PMC10922617 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is a risk factor for coronary heart disease and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a potent predictor of coronary heart disease events. Whether depression is associated with LVH has received limited investigation. This study assessed cross-sectional and 20-year longitudinal associations of depressive symptoms with LVH outcomes after accounting for important known confounders. METHODS From 5115 participants enrolled in 1985-1986 in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study, 2533 had serial measures of depressive symptoms and subsequent echocardiography to measure normal LV geometry, concentric remodeling, and LVH. The primary exposure variable was trajectories of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale score from 1990-1991 to 2010-2011. Multivariable polytomous logistic regression was used to assess associations of trajectories with a composite LV geometry outcome created using echocardiogram data measured in 2010-2011 and 2015-2016. Sex-specific conflicting results led to exploratory models that examined potential importance of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin. RESULTS Overall CES-D and Somatic subscale trajectories had significant associations with LVH for female participants only. Odds ratios for the subthreshold (mean CES-D ≈ 14) and stable (mean CES-D ≈ 19) groups were 1.49 (95% confidence interval = 1.05-2.13) and 1.88 (95% confidence interval = 1.16-3.04), respectively. For female participants, sex hormone-binding globulin was inversely associated with LVH, and for male participants, bioavailable testosterone was positively associated with concentric geometry. CONCLUSIONS Findings from cross-sectional and longitudinal regression models for female participants, but not male ones, and particularly for Somatic subscale trajectories suggested a plausible link among depression, androgens, and LVH. The role of androgens to the depression-LVH relation requires additional investigation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Colangelo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Allison J Carroll
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, 750 N Lake Shore Drive, Suite 10-132, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Amanda M Perak
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611
- Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Samuel S Gidding
- Geisinger Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA; 1631 Hale hollow Road, Bridgewater Corners, VT
| | - Joao AC Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Donald M Lloyd-Jones
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611
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21
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Parvand M, Ghadiri S, Théberge E, Comber L, Mullen KA, Bhalla NP, Johnson D, McKinley G, Sedlak TL. Sex, Gender, and Women's Heart Health: How Women's Heart Programs Address the Knowledge Gap. CJC Open 2024; 6:442-453. [PMID: 38487062 PMCID: PMC10935996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This article aims to bridge existing knowledge gaps that impact clinical cardiovascular care and outcomes for women in Canada. The authors discuss various aspects of women's heart health, emphasizing the efficacy of multidisciplinary care in promoting women's well-being. The article also identifies the impact of national women's heart health campaigns and the value of peer support in improving outcomes. The article addresses the particular risks that women face, such as pregnancy-related complications and hormone replacement therapy, all of which are associated with cardiovascular events, and highlights the differences in ischemic symptoms between men and women. Despite improvements in acute event outcomes, challenges persist in accessing timely ambulatory care, particularly for women. Canada has responded to these challenges by introducing Women Heart Programs, which offer tailored programs, support groups, and specialized testing. However, these programs remain few in number and are found only in urban settings. Overall, this review identifies sex and gender factors related to women's heart health, underscoring the importance of specialized programs and multidisciplinary care in improving women's cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahraz Parvand
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Siavash Ghadiri
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emilie Théberge
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisa Comber
- Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation (OHIRC), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kerri-Anne Mullen
- Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation (OHIRC), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Denise Johnson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gayl McKinley
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tara L. Sedlak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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22
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Ferreira A, Harter A, Afreen S, Kanai K, Batori S, Redei EE. The WMI Rat of Premature Cognitive Aging Presents Intrinsic Vulnerability to Oxidative Stress in Primary Neurons and Astrocytes Compared to Its Nearly Isogenic WLI Control. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1692. [PMID: 38338968 PMCID: PMC10855588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary neuronal and astrocyte culture described here is from the stress-hyperreactive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) More Immobile (WMI) rat with premature aging-related memory deficit, and its nearly isogenic control, the Less Immobile (WLI) strain. Primary WMI hippocampal neurons and cortical astrocytes are significantly more sensitive to oxidative stress (OS) generated by administration of H2O2 compared to WLI cells as measured by the trypan blue cell viability assay. Intrinsic genetic vulnerability is also suggested by the decreased gene expression in WMI neurons of catalase (Cat), and in WMI cortical astrocytes of insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2), synuclein gamma (Sncg) and glutathione peroxidase 2 (Gpx2) compared to WLI. The expressions of several mitochondrial genes are dramatically increased in response to H2O2 treatment in WLI, but not in WMI cortical astrocytes. We propose that the vulnerability of WMI neurons to OS is due to the genetic differences between the WLI and WMI. Furthermore, the upregulation of mitochondrial genes may be a compensatory response to the generation of free radicals by OS in the WLIs, and this mechanism is disturbed in the WMIs. Thus, this pilot study suggests intrinsic vulnerabilities in the WMI hippocampal neurons and cortical astrocytes, and affirm the efficacy of this bimodal in vitro screening system for finding novel drug targets to prevent oxidative damage in illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ferreira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Aspen Harter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Sana Afreen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Karoly Kanai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Batori
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva E. Redei
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
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Howell SN, Griesbach GS. Sex Differences in Sleep Architecture After Traumatic Brain Injury: Potential Implications on Short-Term Episodic Memory and Recovery. Neurotrauma Rep 2024; 5:3-12. [PMID: 38249321 PMCID: PMC10797171 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2023.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep-wake disturbances (SWDs) are common after TBI and often extend into the chronic phase of recovery. Such disturbances in sleep can lead to deficits in executive functioning, attention, and memory consolidation, which may ultimately impact the recovery process. We examined whether SWDs post-TBI were associated with morbidity during the post-acute period. Particular attention was placed on the impact of sleep architecture on learning and memory. Because women are more likely to report SWDs, we examined sex as a biological variable. We also examined subjective quality of life, depression, and disability levels. Data were retrospectively analyzed for 57 TBI patients who underwent an overnight polysomnography. Medical records were reviewed to determine cognitive and functional status during the period of the sleep evaluation. Consideration was given to medications, owing to the fact that a high number of these are likely to have secondary influences on sleep characteristics. Women showed higher levels of disability and reported more depression and lower quality of life. A sex-dependent disruption in sleep architecture was observed, with women having lower percent time in REM sleep. An association between percent time in REM and better episodic memory scores was found. Melatonin utilization had a positive impact on REM duration. Improvements in understanding the impact of sleep-wake disturbances on post-TBI outcome will aid in defining targeted interventions for this population. Findings from this study support the hypothesis that decreases in REM sleep may contribute to chronic disability and underlie the importance of considering sex differences when addressing sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grace S. Griesbach
- Centre for Neuro Skills, Bakersfield, California, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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24
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Proaño SB, Miller CK, Krentzel AA, Dorris DM, Meitzen J. Sex steroid hormones, the estrous cycle, and rapid modulation of glutamatergic synapse properties in the striatal brain regions with a focus on 17β-estradiol and the nucleus accumbens. Steroids 2024; 201:109344. [PMID: 37979822 PMCID: PMC10842710 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The striatal brain regions encompassing the nucleus accumbens core (NAcc), shell (NAcs) and caudate-putamen (CPu) regulate cognitive functions including motivated behaviors, habit, learning, and sensorimotor action, among others. Sex steroid hormone sensitivity and sex differences have been documented in all of these functions in both normative and pathological contexts, including anxiety, depression and addiction. The neurotransmitter glutamate has been implicated in regulating these behaviors as well as striatal physiology, and there are likewise documented sex differences in glutamate action upon the striatal output neurons, the medium spiny neurons (MSNs). Here we review the available data regarding the role of steroid sex hormones such as 17β-estradiol (estradiol), progesterone, and testosterone in rapidly modulating MSN glutamatergic synapse properties, presented in the context of the estrous cycle as appropriate. Estradiol action upon glutamatergic synapse properties in female NAcc MSNs is most comprehensively discussed. In the female NAcc, MSNs exhibit development period-specific sex differences and estrous cycle variations in glutamatergic synapse properties as shown by multiple analyses, including that of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). Estrous cycle-differences in NAcc MSN mEPSCs can be mimicked by acute exposure to estradiol or an ERα agonist. The available evidence, or lack thereof, is also discussed concerning estrogen action upon MSN glutamatergic synapse in the other striatal regions as well as the underexplored roles of progesterone and testosterone. We conclude that there is strong evidence regarding estradiol action upon glutamatergic synapse function in female NAcs MSNs and call for more research regarding other hormones and striatal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie B Proaño
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Christiana K Miller
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Amanda A Krentzel
- Office of Research and Innovation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - David M Dorris
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - John Meitzen
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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25
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Wang X, Wang Y. Association between digital engagement and urban-rural disparities in Chinese women's depressive symptoms: A national-level cross-sectional study. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241239246. [PMID: 38577314 PMCID: PMC10993679 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241239246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to investigate the impact of digital engagement on urban-rural disparities in depressive symptoms among Chinese women. Methods Using a dataset from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) wave 2020, this study analyzes the impact of digital engagement on the urban-rural disparity in women's depressive symptoms using multiple linear regression and recentered influence function (RIF) models. Furthermore, the extent to which digital engagement affects the urban-rural disparity in women's depressive symptoms was calculated using the RIF decomposition method. Results Analysis showed that rural women had significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms compared to urban women; digital engagement significantly reduced women's depressive symptoms levels and mitigated the urban-rural disparity for women with moderate to high levels of depressive symptoms, and the mitigating effect was stronger for the highly depressed sample, but still widened the urban-rural disparity in women's depressive symptoms overall. In addition, the results of the RIF decomposition showed that digital engagement explained 28.28% of the urban-rural disparity in women's depressive symptoms. Conclusion There is a significant disparity in depressive symptoms levels between urban and rural women in China. Digital engagement reduces women's depressive symptoms, but it also widens the depressive symptoms disparity between urban and rural women overall. Digital engagement is potentially positive for reducing women's depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Wang
- Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Khayretdinova M, Zakharov I, Pshonkovskaya P, Adamovich T, Kiryasov A, Zhdanov A, Shovkun A. Prediction of brain sex from EEG: using large-scale heterogeneous dataset for developing a highly accurate and interpretable ML model. Neuroimage 2024; 285:120495. [PMID: 38092156 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive examination of sex-related differences in resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) data, leveraging two different types of machine learning models to predict an individual's sex. We utilized data from the Two Decades-Brainclinics Research Archive for Insights in Neurophysiology (TDBRAIN) EEG study, affirming that gender prediction can be attained with noteworthy accuracy. The best performing model achieved an accuracy of 85% and an ROC AUC of 89%, surpassing all prior benchmarks set using EEG data and rivaling the top-tier results derived from fMRI studies. A comparative analysis of LightGBM and Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) models revealed DCNN's superior performance, attributed to its ability to learn complex spatial-temporal patterns in the EEG data and handle large volumes of data effectively. Despite this, interpretability remained a challenge for the DCNN model. The LightGBM interpretability analysis revealed that the most important EEG features for accurate sex prediction were related to left fronto-central and parietal EEG connectivity. We also showed the role of both low (delta and theta) and high (beta and gamma) activity in the accurate sex prediction. These results, however, have to be approached with caution, because it was obtained from a dataset comprised largely of participants with various mental health conditions, which limits the generalizability of the results and necessitates further validation in future studies. . Overall, the study illuminates the potential of interpretable machine learning for sex prediction, alongside highlighting the importance of considering individual differences in prediction sex from brain activity.
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Hodes GE, Bangasser D, Sotiropoulos I, Kokras N, Dalla C. Sex Differences in Stress Response: Classical Mechanisms and Beyond. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:475-494. [PMID: 37855285 PMCID: PMC10845083 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666231005090134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders, which are associated with stress hormone dysregulation, occur at different rates in men and women. Moreover, nowadays, preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrates that sex and gender can lead to differences in stress responses that predispose males and females to different expressions of similar pathologies. In this curated review, we focus on what is known about sex differences in classic mechanisms of stress response, such as glucocorticoid hormones and corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), which are components of the hypothalamicpituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis. Then, we present sex differences in neurotransmitter levels, such as serotonin, dopamine, glutamate and GABA, as well as indices of neurodegeneration, such as amyloid β and Tau. Gonadal hormone effects, such as estrogens and testosterone, are also discussed throughout the review. We also review in detail preclinical data investigating sex differences caused by recentlyrecognized regulators of stress and disease, such as the immune system, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, as well neurosteroids. Finally, we discuss how understanding sex differences in stress responses, as well as in pharmacology, can be leveraged into novel, more efficacious therapeutics for all. Based on the supporting evidence, it is obvious that incorporating sex as a biological variable into preclinical research is imperative for the understanding and treatment of stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Debra Bangasser
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ioannis Sotiropoulos
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications NCSR “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Nikolaos Kokras
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Dalla
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Xie H, Jiang Y, Liu L, Peng H, Li J, Chen Z. Global prevalence and risk factors of depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis from 2000 to 2022. J Psychosom Res 2023; 175:111537. [PMID: 37907038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the global and regional prevalence and the potential risk factors for depression among COPD patients. METHODS Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases were searched for the literature related to the prevalence and risk factors of depression in COPD. Random-effect models were performed to pool the global prevalence. Sub-group analysis and meta-regression were conducted to investigate the potential heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was performed only on the risk factors that have been reported in a minimum of three studies. RESULTS A total of 79 studies from 25 countries were included. The pooled global prevalence of variably defined depression among COPD patients was 34.5% (95% CI: 30.9-38.1). The odds of depression in COPD patients were 3.53 times higher than in non-COPD participants (95% CI: 2.35-5.29). Meta-regression results showed that region, income level, and research setting are the main sources of heterogeneity. Female sex (OR=1.92), living alone (OR=2.29), BODE index (OR=1.48), dyspnea (OR=3.02), impaired quality of life (OR=1.26), and GOLD stage III∼IV (OR=1.96) were found to be significant risk factors for depression in meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS More than one-third of COPD patients experience depression, with marked variations in prevalence across countries and regions. This study further highlights the need for the consolidation of mental health considerations into COPD treatments. High-quality, longitudinal studies and further research are needed to gain a better understanding of risk and protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunlan Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanmei Peng
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zengli Chen
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Barth C, Crestol A, de Lange AMG, Galea LAM. Sex steroids and the female brain across the lifespan: insights into risk of depression and Alzheimer's disease. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2023; 11:926-941. [PMID: 37865102 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite widespread sex differences in prevalence and presentation of numerous illnesses affecting the human brain, there has been little focus on the effect of endocrine ageing. Most preclinical studies have focused on males only, and clinical studies often analyse data by covarying for sex, ignoring relevant differences between the sexes. This sex- (and gender)-neutral approach is biased and contributes to the absence of targeted treatments and services for all sexes (and genders). Female health has been historically understudied, with grave consequences for their wellbeing and health equity. In this Review, we spotlight female brain health across the lifespan by informing on the role of sex steroids, particularly oestradiol, on the female brain and on risk for diseases more prevalent in females, such as depression and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Barth
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Arielle Crestol
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ann-Marie G de Lange
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liisa A M Galea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Wilson JD, Gerlach AR, Karim HT, Aizenstein HJ, Andreescu C. Sex matters: acute functional connectivity changes as markers of remission in late-life depression differ by sex. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5228-5236. [PMID: 37414928 PMCID: PMC10919097 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of antidepressant treatment in late-life is modest, a problem magnified by an aging population and increased prevalence of depression. Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of treatment response in late-life depression (LLD) is imperative. Despite established sex differences in depression and neural circuits, sex differences associated with fMRI markers of antidepressant treatment response are underexplored. In this analysis, we assess the role of sex on the relationship of acute functional connectivity changes with treatment response in LLD. Resting state fMRI scans were collected at baseline and day one of SSRI/SNRI treatment for 80 LLD participants. One-day changes in functional connectivity (differential connectivity) were related to remission status after 12 weeks. Sex differences in differential connectivity profiles that distinguished remitters from non-remitters were assessed. A random forest classifier was used to predict the remission status with models containing various combinations of demographic, clinical, symptomatological, and connectivity measures. Model performance was assessed with area under the curve, and variable importance was assessed with permutation importance. The differential connectivity profile associated with remission status differed significantly by sex. We observed evidence for a difference in one-day connectivity changes between remitters and non-remitters in males but not females. Additionally, prediction of remission was significantly improved in male-only and female-only models over pooled models. Predictions of treatment outcome based on early changes in functional connectivity show marked differences between sexes and should be considered in future MR-based treatment decision-making algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Wilson
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew R Gerlach
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helmet T Karim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Howard J Aizenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carmen Andreescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Smith ML, Puka K, Speechley KN, Ferro MA, Connolly MB, Major P, Gallagher A, Almubarak S, Hasal S, Ramachandrannair R, Andrade A, Xu Q, Leung E, Snead OC, Widjaja E. Trajectories of parent well-being in children with drug-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsia 2023; 64:3342-3353. [PMID: 37828819 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This longitudinal cohort study aimed to identify trajectories of parent well-being over the first 2 years after their child's evaluation for candidacy for epilepsy surgery, and to identify the baseline clinical and demographic characteristics associated with these trajectories. Parent well-being was based on parent depressive and anxiety symptoms and family resources (i.e., family mastery and social support). METHODS Parents of 259 children with drug-resistant epilepsy (105 of whom eventually had surgery) were recruited from eight epilepsy centers across Canada at the time of their evaluation for epilepsy surgery candidacy. Participants were assessed at baseline and 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up. The trajectories of parents' depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and family resources were jointly estimated using multigroup latent class growth models. RESULTS The analyses identified three trajectories: an optimal-stable group with no/minimal depressive or anxiety symptoms, and high family resources that remained stable over time; a mild-decreasing-plateau group with mild depressive and anxiety symptoms that decreased over time then plateaued, and intermediate family resources that remained stable; and a moderate-decreasing group with moderate depressive and anxiety symptoms that decreased slightly, and low family resources that remained stable over time. Parents of children with higher health-related quality of life, fathers, and parents who had higher household income were more likely to have better trajectories of well-being. Treatment type was not associated with the trajectory groups, but parents whose children were seizure-free at the time of the last follow-up were more likely to have better trajectories (optimal-stable or mild-decreasing-plateau trajectories). SIGNIFICANCE This study documented distinct trajectories of parent well-being, from the time of the child's evaluation for epilepsy surgery. Parents who present with anxiety and depressive symptoms and low family resources do not do well over time. They should be identified and offered supportive services early in their child's epilepsy treatment history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Lou Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Klajdi Puka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathy N Speechley
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A Ferro
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary B Connolly
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Philippe Major
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Salah Almubarak
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simona Hasal
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Andrea Andrade
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Edward Leung
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - O Carter Snead
- Division of Neurology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elysa Widjaja
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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32
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McKenney EE, Cucchiara CL, Gotham KO. Transitioning to college during COVID-19: A brief report on incoming students' self-reports of mental health from 2020 to 2022. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-7. [PMID: 38015180 PMCID: PMC11130076 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2283742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Depression and anxiety have been identified as growing concerns for many populations in the United States, including young adults. We investigated how internalizing symptoms may have changed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic among students transitioning to college.Participants: Participants were incoming undergraduates in Fall 2020, 2021, and 2022 at Northeastern Universities (N = 263).Methods: Participants completed self-reports of mood, repetitive thinking, and social satisfaction within two weeks of beginning their first college semester.Results: Depression and anxiety symptoms appear to differ by year, such that both have increased over time. These results seem to be co-occurring with an increase in repetitive negative thinking - a known predictor of depression and anxiety.Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that mental health concerns in young adults may be worsening despite the resumption of in-person activities post-initial pandemic onset. This highlights the need to monitor and intervene on mental health in students transitioning to college.
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Ramon-Gonen R, Dori A, Shelly S. Towards a practical use of text mining approaches in electrodiagnostic data. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19483. [PMID: 37945618 PMCID: PMC10636146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare professionals produce abounding textual data in their daily clinical practice. Text mining can yield valuable insights from unstructured data. Extracting insights from multiple information sources is a major challenge in computational medicine. In this study, our objective was to illustrate how combining text mining techniques with statistical methodologies can yield new insights and contribute to the development of neurological and neuromuscular-related health information. We demonstrate how to utilize and derive knowledge from medical text, identify patient groups with similar diagnostic attributes, and examine differences between groups using demographical data and past medical history (PMH). We conducted a retrospective study for all patients who underwent electrodiagnostic (EDX) evaluation in Israel's Sheba Medical Center between May 2016 and February 2022. The data extracted for each patient included demographic data, test results, and unstructured summary reports. We conducted several analyses, including topic modeling that targeted clinical impressions and topic analysis to reveal age- and sex-related differences. The use of suspected clinical condition text enriched the data and generated additional attributes used to find associations between patients' PMH and the emerging diagnosis topics. We identified 6096 abnormal EMG results, of which 58% (n = 3512) were males. Based on the latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm we identified 25 topics that represent different diagnoses. Sex-related differences emerged in 7 topics, 3 male-associated and 4 female-associated. Brachial plexopathy, myasthenia gravis, and NMJ Disorders showed statistically significant age and sex differences. We extracted keywords related to past medical history (n = 37) and tested them for association with the different topics. Several topics revealed a close association with past medical history, for example, length-dependent symmetric axonal polyneuropathy with diabetes mellitus (DM), length-dependent sensory polyneuropathy with chemotherapy treatments and DM, brachial plexopathy with motor vehicle accidents, myasthenia gravis and NMJ disorders with botulin treatments, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with swallowing difficulty. Summarizing visualizations were created to easily grasp the results and facilitate focusing on the main insights. In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of utilizing advanced computational methods in a corpus of textual data to accelerate clinical research. Additionally, using these methods allows for generating clinical insights, which may aid in the development of a decision-making process in real-life clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Ramon-Gonen
- The Graduate School of Business Administration, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Amir Dori
- Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Shelly
- Department of Neurology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Li M, Gao W, Zhang Y, Luo Q, Xiang Y, Bao K, Zaki N. Secular trends in the incidence of major depressive disorder and dysthymia in China from 1990 to 2019. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2162. [PMID: 37926849 PMCID: PMC10626640 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is increasingly recognized as a worldwide serious, public health concern. A better understanding of depression is important for advancing its management and learning the difference between major depressive disorder (MDD) and dysthymia. Our aim is to conduct a concurrent analysis of the trends of both MDD and dysthymia in China. METHODS The data on depression from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). To determine the average annual percent changes (AAPC) and relative risks (RRs), joinpoint regression and the age-period-cohort models were employed, respectively. RESULTS The incidence number of MDD and dysthymia continuously increased in China from 1990 to 2019, however, the age-standardized rates (ASR) had a decreasing trend in both men and women. The results from joinpoint regression showed that a declining trend was presented in young people (< 50 years) but an increased trend in the elderly (≥ 50 years) both in men and women, during 1990-2019. Age is the most influential factor for MDD and dysthymia. Age RRs for MDD incidence had an overall increasing trend with age. Period RR in MDD presented a U-shaped pattern, while Cohort RRs presented an inverted U-shaped pattern. On the other hand, RRs in dysthymia for period and cohort effects had no statistical significance, only the age effect presented an inverted U-shaped pattern. CONCLUSIONS The disparities in trends observed between MDD and dysthymia during the period of 1990-2019 indicated the significance of distinguishing between these two disorders. The age, period and cohort effects all had a greater impact on MDD than on dysthymia, and age effects presented different influential patterns in these two. To alleviate the burden of depressive disorders in China, proactive measures need to be implemented, with particular attention to the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Gao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China.
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Qiuxia Luo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Kai Bao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Noha Zaki
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
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Li Y, Jiang Z, Zuo W, Huang C, Zhao J, Liu P, Wang J, Guo J, Zhang X, Wang M, Lu Y, Hou W, Wang Q. Sexual dimorphic distribution of G protein-coupled receptor 30 in pain-related regions of the mouse brain. J Neurochem 2023. [PMID: 37924265 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in pain sensitivity have contributed to the fact that medications for curing chronic pain are unsatisfactory. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Brain-derived estrogen participates in modulation of sex differences in pain and related emotion. G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), identified as a novel estrogen receptor with a different distribution than traditional receptors, has been proved to play a vital role in regulating pain affected by estrogen. However, the contribution of its distribution to sexually dimorphic pain-related behaviors has not been fully explored. In the current study, immunofluorescence assays were applied to mark the neurons expressing GPR30 in male and female mice (in metestrus and proestrus phase) in pain-related brain regions. The neurons that express CaMKIIα or VGAT were also labeled to observe overlap with GPR30. We found that females had more GPR30-positive (GPR30+ ) neurons in the primary somatosensory (S1) and insular cortex (IC) than males. In the lateral habenula (LHb) and the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), males had more GPR30+ neurons than females. Moreover, within the LHb, the expression of GPR30 varied with estrous cycle phase; females in metestrus had fewer GPR30+ neurons than those in proestrus. In addition, females had more GPR30+ neurons, which co-expressed CaMKIIα in the medial preoptic nucleus (mPOA) than males, while males had more than females in the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA). These findings may partly explain the different modulatory effects of GPR30 in pain and related emotional phenotypes between sexes and provide a basis for comprehension of sexual dimorphism in pain related to estrogen and GPR30, and finally provide new targets for exploiting new treatments of sex-specific pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenqiang Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chenchen Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jianshuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Peizheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jingzhi Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wugang Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Alqahtani A, Alhusseini N. Assessing Social Determinants of Health Among Patients With Depression at Primary Healthcare Centers in Riyadh City. Cureus 2023; 15:e48854. [PMID: 38106797 PMCID: PMC10723624 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Depression is a common and serious medical illness that is greatly influenced by socioeconomic, demographic, and biological factors. The recognition of social determinants of depression can help reduce the risk factors and promote mental health. The purpose of this study was to assess the social determinants of health (SDOH) of patients with depression and to classify its categories at primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted among 322 participants who were selected through a convenience sampling technique from June 2021 to August 2022. The study included Saudi and non-Saudi patients at the Ministry of Health PHCs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, aged 12 years and older. Independent samples of t-test and one-way ANOVA test were used to assess differences in means of numerical variables. Correlations were made by the Pearson correlation coefficient. A p-value of <0.05 was set as the level of statistical significance. Logistic regression was used to determine the main variables associated with moderate to severe depression. RESULTS The findings showed 51% had minimal to mild depression, 27% had moderate depression, and 22% had moderately severe to severe depression. A greater proportion of females had moderate to severe depression (61%) (p=0.007). Also, moderate to severe depression was higher in those with lower monthly income(54%)(p=0.03). Saudi nationals were found to have a higher percentage of moderate to severe depression(51%)(p=0.007). Marital status was found to be associated with depression as single respondents were more likely to have moderate to severe depression (p=0.052) with 54%. CONCLUSION SDOH including gender, income, marital status, and nationality are associated with depression. Having a comprehensive system focusing not only on mental health services but also on the social determinants of mental health is very important. Future research is needed to understand the association between depression and SDOH in Saudi Arabia. The study results can help policymakers determine the areas that require improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alqahtani
- Family and Community Medicine, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
- Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Noara Alhusseini
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
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Carvalho Silva R, Pisanu C, Maffioletti E, Menesello V, Bortolomasi M, Gennarelli M, Baune BT, Squassina A, Minelli A. Biological markers of sex-based differences in major depressive disorder and in antidepressant response. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 76:89-107. [PMID: 37595325 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) presents different clinical features in women and men, with women being more affected and responding differently to antidepressant treatment. Specific molecular mechanisms underlying these differences are not well studied and this narrative review aims at providing an overview of the neurobiological features underlying sex-differences in biological systems involved in MDD pathophysiology and response to antidepressant treatment, focusing on human studies. The majority of the reviewed studies were performed through candidate gene approaches, focusing on biological systems involved in MDD pathophysiology, including the stress response, inflammatory and immune, monoaminergic, neurotrophic, gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamatergic, and oxytocin systems. The influence of the endocrine system and sex-specific hormone effects are also discussed. Genome, epigenome and transcriptome-wide approaches are less frequently performed and most of these studies do not focus on sex-specific alterations, revealing a paucity of omics studies directed to unravel sex-based differences in MDD. Few studies about sex-related differences in antidepressant treatment response have been conducted, mostly involving the inflammatory system, with less evidence on the monoaminergic system and sparse evidence in omics approaches. Our review covers the importance of accounting for sex-differences in research, optimizing patient stratification for a more precise diagnostic and individualized treatment for women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Carvalho Silva
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Maffioletti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valentina Menesello
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 2E2, Canada
| | - Alessandra Minelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
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Lu H, Dong XX, Li DL, Wu Q, Nie XY, Xu Y, Wang P, Pan CW. Prevalent falls, fall frequencies and health-related quality of life among community-dwelling older Chinese adults. Qual Life Res 2023; 32:3279-3289. [PMID: 37395987 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03474-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fall is a serious health hazard to older adults. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between falls and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in mainland China. METHODS Data from 4579 Chinese community-dwelling older adults was analyzed. Data of falls was self-reported by participants, the HRQOL of older adults was measured by the 3-Level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-3L, 3L). Regression models were built to explore the associations of falls (experience and frequency) with the 3L data (index score, EQ-VAS score and health problems). The potential interaction effects between falls and gender on HRQOL were assessed using a likelihood ratio test, sex-stratified analysis was also performed to separately investigate the associations in men and women. RESULTS A total of 368 (8.0%) participants had the experience of fall during the last year. Falls (experience and frequency) were significantly related to EQ-5D-3L index and EQ-VAS scores, fall experience contributed to pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression problems, while fall frequency was associated with physical-related problems and pain/discomfort. Significant interactions between falls and sex in several EQ-5D measures were also observed, and men had lager magnitude of associations than women. CONCLUSION Falls were negative associated with overall HRQOL as well as separate HRQOL dimensions among older adults. It also appears that the HRQOL influence on older men is more evident than older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xing-Xuan Dong
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Dan-Lin Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qian Wu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xin-Yi Nie
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yong Xu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Juszko K, Kiper P, Wrzeciono A, Cieślik B, Gajda R, Szczepańska-Gieracha J. Factors associated with the effectiveness of immersive virtual therapy in alleviating depressive symptoms during sub-acute post-stroke rehabilitation: a gender comparison. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:137. [PMID: 37864252 PMCID: PMC10588095 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The large-scale digitalization of healthcare has induced shifts in patient preferences, prompting the introduction of therapies utilizing novel technologies. In this context, the targeted application of these interventions is deemed as crucial as assessing their overall effectiveness. The aim of this study was to characterize the patient profile who benefited most from immersive virtual reality (VR) therapy. METHODS Based on the results from the previous randomized controlled trial study, we employed an exploratory study design to determine the factors associated with the most significant mental health improvement. A secondary analysis was conducted on a sample of 83 participants, with further analysis of participants with elevated depression symptoms, as indicated by a score of > 10 on the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30). Both groups participated in a similar post-stroke rehabilitation program; however, the experimental group also received additional VR therapy through an immersive VR garden intervention. The GDS-30 was used to assess mood and depressive symptoms, and sociodemographic, cognitive status as well as stroke-related variables were considered as potential factors. RESULTS In both the experimental (mean change 5.3) and control groups (mean change 2.8), interventions significantly reduced depressive symptoms, with a more pronounced difference in the experimental group (p < 0.05). When examining gender differences, women exhibited greater improvement in the GDS, with mean between-group differences of 5.0 for the total sample and 6.0 for those with elevated depressive symptoms. Sociodemographic factors, cognitive status, and time from stroke were not found to be factors that alter the effectiveness of VR therapy. CONCLUSIONS While VR therapy as an adjunctive treatment for post-stroke rehabilitation seems especially effective for women with elevated depressive symptoms, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the study's small experimental group size. Traditional methods showed reduced effectiveness in women compared to men; thus, developing technologically advanced and gender-specific approaches can lead to more tailored therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03830372 (February 5, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Juszko
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, 51-612, Poland
| | - Pawel Kiper
- Healthcare Innovation Technology Lab, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venezia, 30126, Italy
| | - Adam Wrzeciono
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, 51-612, Poland
| | - Błażej Cieślik
- Healthcare Innovation Technology Lab, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venezia, 30126, Italy.
| | - Robert Gajda
- Gajda-Med District Hospital in Pultusk, Pultusk, 06-100, Poland
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Prevention, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Czestochowa, 42-200, Poland
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40
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Bodnaruc AM, Duquet M, Prud’homme D, Giroux I. Diet and Depression during Peri- and Post-Menopause: A Scoping Review Protocol. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:91. [PMID: 37888023 PMCID: PMC10609501 DOI: 10.3390/mps6050091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the proposed scoping review is to describe and summarize studies assessing the associations between diet-related variables and depression in peri- and post-menopausal women. Studies examining the associations between diet-related variables and mental health indicators in women undergoing menopausal transition or in the post-menopausal period will be systematically retrieved via Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. All articles identified through the database searches will be imported into Covidence. Following the removal of duplicates, two authors will independently perform title and abstract screening, as well as full-text assessment against eligibility criteria. Data will be extracted using tables developed for observational and experimental studies. The methodological quality of randomized trials, cohort and cross-sectional studies, and case-control studies, will be assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias (RoB-2) tool, the NHLBI Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies, and the NHLBI Quality Assessment Tool for Case-Control studies, respectively. Data extraction tables will be used to produce two tables summarizing the main characteristics and findings of the studies included in the review. In the proposed review, we will systematically identify and summarize the currently available evidence on the association between diet-related variables and depression in peri- and post-menopausal women. To our knowledge, this is the first review focusing on this subgroup of the population. Protocol registration: osf.io/b89r6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M. Bodnaruc
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (A.M.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Miryam Duquet
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (A.M.B.); (M.D.)
| | | | - Isabelle Giroux
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (A.M.B.); (M.D.)
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41
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Jeong S, Chokkalla AK, Davis CK, Vemuganti R. Post-stroke depression: epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications and their interplay with gut microbiota. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4044-4055. [PMID: 37188778 PMCID: PMC10646155 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications that regulate physiological processes of an organism at the DNA and RNA levels, respectively, are novel therapeutic candidates for various neurological diseases. Gut microbiota and its metabolites are known to modulate DNA methylation and histone modifications (epigenetics), as well as RNA methylation especially N6-methyladenosine (epitranscriptomics). As gut microbiota as well as these modifications are highly dynamic across the lifespan of an organism, they are implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke and depression. The lack of specific therapeutic interventions for managing post-stroke depression emphasizes the need to identify novel molecular targets. This review highlights the interaction between the gut microbiota and epigenetic/epitranscriptomic pathways and their interplay in modulating candidate genes that are involved in post-stroke depression. This review further focuses on the three candidates, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, ten-eleven translocation family proteins, and fat mass and obesity-associated protein based on their prevalence and pathoetiologic role in post-stroke depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Jeong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anil K Chokkalla
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Charles K Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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42
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Mohammadi S, Seyedmirzaei H, Salehi MA, Jahanshahi A, Zakavi SS, Dehghani Firouzabadi F, Yousem DM. Brain-based Sex Differences in Depression: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Studies. Brain Imaging Behav 2023; 17:541-569. [PMID: 37058182 PMCID: PMC10102695 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric illness with a wide range of symptoms such as mood decline, loss of interest, and feelings of guilt and worthlessness. Women develop depression more often than men, and the diagnostic criteria for depression mainly rely on female patients' symptoms. By contrast, male depression usually manifests as anger attacks, aggression, substance use, and risk-taking behaviors. Various studies have focused on the neuroimaging findings in psychiatric disorders for a better understanding of their underlying mechanisms. With this review, we aimed to summarize the existing literature on the neuroimaging findings in depression, separated by male and female subjects. A search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies of depression. After screening the search results, 15 MRI, 12 fMRI, and 4 DTI studies were included. Sex differences were mainly reflected in the following regions: 1) total brain, hippocampus, amygdala, habenula, anterior cingulate cortex, and corpus callosum volumes, 2) frontal and temporal gyri functions, along with functions of the caudate nucleus and prefrontal cortex, and 3) frontal fasciculi and frontal projections of corpus callosum microstructural alterations. Our review faces limitations such as small sample sizes and heterogeneity in populations and modalities. But in conclusion, it reflects the possible roles of sex-based hormonal and social factors in the depression pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Seyedmirzaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (INRP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Jahanshahi
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyed Sina Zakavi
- School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - David M Yousem
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Fan L, Chen Y, Zhu M, Mao Z, Li N. Correlation between childhood trauma experience and depressive symptoms among young adults: The potential mediating role of loneliness. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 144:106358. [PMID: 37499308 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely recognized that childhood trauma poses a significant risk of developing depressive symptoms. However, the underlying mediation mechanism between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms requires further exploration. OBJECTIVE This study focuses on exploring whether loneliness may act as a potential mediator between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING We analyzed a large sample of college students (N = 7293). Participants completed online questionnaires in the WeChat group. METHODS Childhood trauma, depressive symptoms, and loneliness were evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS) respectively. The linear regression method was applied to explore the mediating role. RESULTS Gender, relationship with family, and left-behind experience are all substantial depressive symptoms risk factors. Childhood trauma was shown to be highly related to depressive symptoms, and this relationship was potentially mediated by loneliness. CONCLUSIONS Our research indicates that treating loneliness in those who have undergone childhood trauma may help prevent or treat depressive symptoms. Therefore, loneliness should be taken into consideration while treating and preventing depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lurong Fan
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- School of Economics and Management, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, PR China.
| | - Zhiqian Mao
- Business School, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Na Li
- Mental Health Education Center, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
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Bazargan M, Dehghani A, Ramezani MA, Ramezani A. Prevalence of depression among Iranian children and adolescents: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1584. [PMID: 37795313 PMCID: PMC10545890 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims One of the most common mental disorders among children and adolescent is depression. Some of the conducted studies indicate a too-high prevalence of depression, which cannot be generalized to the entire country. So the pooled estimation of the results of different studies is very important to reach valid results. So the current study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression among Iranian children and adolescents using an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression (I 2 = 99.7% and Cochran's Q, p < 0.001). To assess the effect of different factors on heterogeneity, the univariate meta-regression model was used. Publication bias was evaluated by Beggs and Eggers tests as well as funnel plots. Data were analyzed by STATA v 11 (StataCorp.). The significance level of the tests was considered less than 0.05. Results The prevalence of depression was 33.3% (95% CI: 27.3-39.2). The most prevalence estimated using the Beak questionnaire (57.1% [95% CI: 50.2-64.0]) and the lowest was estimated using the K-SADS-PL (9.0% [95% CI: 4.0-13.6]). This estimate among females was more than among males (47.2% [95% CI: 35.4-58.9] vs. 30.5 [95% CI: 7.4-53.6]). Regarding the geographical region, the most and the lowest amount of depression was seen in the central with 41.7% (95% CI: 19.2-64.3) and southern region with 21.9% (95% CI: 14.2-29.6), respectively. Conclusion The high prevalence of depressive disorders in Iranian children emphasizes the importance of prevention measures for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Bazargan
- Department of Psychology, Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabadIran
| | - Akram Dehghani
- Department of Psychology, Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabadIran
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Nascimento MDM, Barros NDS, Coelho JMR, Silva ABDS, Ribeiro ADS, Santos STGDR, Rodríguez AB, Ihle A. A Comparison of Cognitive Performance, Depressive Symptoms, and Incidence of Falls in Brazilian Older Women with and without a Confirmed History of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6760. [PMID: 37754619 PMCID: PMC10531152 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to compare cognitive performance, depressive symptoms, and the incidence of falls in Brazilian older women with and without a confirmed history of COVID-19. This cross-sectional study included 188 women (60-89 years), divided into two groups: one with a history of COVID-19 (n = 139), and one without any history of COVID-19 (n = 49). The instruments used were the Cognitive Telephone Screening Instrument (COGTEL) test battery, the Trail Making Test (TMT), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the self-reported history of falls since the beginning of mandatory confinement. The higher the age, the higher the incidence of falls. The highest prevalence of falls (57.1%) occurred in the COVID-19 group (p = 0.001), the members of which also indicated a better cognitive performance in the COGTEL test (p = 0.017), TMT-B (p = 0.004), and ∆TMT (B-A) (p = 0.004). In turn, the depressive symptoms were more severe in the COVID-19 group (p < 0.001). We observed that COVID-19 infection without hospitalization did not affect the cognitive performance of older adult women. Future studies should be carried out to monitor the mental health of older adult Brazilian women. Moreover, regardless of their history of COVID-19, older adults should participate in a physical training program focused on preventing falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo de Maio Nascimento
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil
| | - Naiara de Souza Barros
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil;
| | - Josiane Maria Rodrigues Coelho
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil; (J.M.R.C.); (A.d.S.R.); (S.T.G.d.R.S.)
| | | | - Adriane de Souza Ribeiro
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil; (J.M.R.C.); (A.d.S.R.); (S.T.G.d.R.S.)
| | | | | | - Andreas Ihle
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre of Expertise in Life Course Research LIVES, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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Kovacs M. A commentary on "Don't mind the gap: Why we do not care about the gender gap in mental health?" by P. Patalay and O. Demkowicz. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2023; 28:449-451. [PMID: 37194120 PMCID: PMC10686259 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In their article, Drs. Patalay and Demkowicz raise important questions about research regarding the sex/gender gap in depression rates. However, their perspective on this topic is rather polarizing and yields statements of questionable accuracy. In this Commentary, I respond to several statements in the Article, which I consider potentially misleading. My goal is to present a broader perspective on sex/gender and depression and encourage further discussion of this important topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kovacs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Smolensky IV, Zajac-Bakri K, Gass P, Inta D. Ketogenic diet for mood disorders from animal models to clinical application. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:1195-1205. [PMID: 36943505 PMCID: PMC10460725 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Mood disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are often resistant to current pharmacological treatment. Therefore, various alternative therapeutic approaches including diets are, therefore, under investigation. Ketogenic diet (KD) is effective for treatment-resistant epilepsy and metabolic diseases, however, only a few clinical studies suggest its beneficial effect also for mental disorders. Animal models are a useful tool to uncover the underlying mechanisms of therapeutic effects. Women have a twice-higher prevalence of mood disorders but very little is known about sex differences in nutritional psychiatry. In this review, we aim to summarize current knowledge of the sex-specific effects of KD in mood disorders. Ketone bodies improve mitochondrial functions and suppress oxidative stress, inducing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects which are both beneficial for mental health. Limited data also suggest KD-induced improvement of monoaminergic circuits and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis-the key pathophysiological pathways of mood disorders. Gut microbiome is an important mediator of the beneficial and detrimental effects of diet on brain functioning and mental health. Gut microbiota composition is affected in mood disorders but its role in the therapeutic effects of different diets, including KD, remains poorly understood. Still little is known about sex differences in the effects of KD on mental health as well as on metabolism and body weight. Some animal studies used both sexes but did not find differences in behavior, body weight loss or gut microbiota composition. More studies, both on a preclinical and clinical level, are needed to better understand sex-specific effects of KD on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya V Smolensky
- Department for Community Health, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Kilian Zajac-Bakri
- Department for Community Health, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Gass
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dragos Inta
- Department for Community Health, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Meneses-San Juan D, Lamas M, Ramírez-Rodríguez GB. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reduces Depressive-like Behaviors, Modifies Dendritic Plasticity, and Generates Global Epigenetic Changes in the Frontal Cortex and Hippocampus in a Rodent Model of Chronic Stress. Cells 2023; 12:2062. [PMID: 37626872 PMCID: PMC10453847 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is the most common affective disorder worldwide, accounting for 4.4% of the global population, a figure that could increase in the coming decades. In depression, there exists a reduction in the availability of dendritic spines in the frontal cortex (FC) and hippocampus (Hp). In addition, histone modification and DNA methylation are also dysregulated epigenetic mechanisms in depression. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a technique that is used to treat depression. However, the epigenetic mechanisms of its therapeutic effect are still not known. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the antidepressant effect of 5 Hz rTMS and examined its effect on dendritic remodeling, immunoreactivity of synapse proteins, histone modification, and DNA methylation in the FC and Hp in a model of chronic mild stress. Our data indicated that stress generated depressive-like behaviors and that rTMS reverses this effect, romotes the formation of dendritic spines, and favors the presynaptic connection in the FC and DG (dentate gyrus), in addition to increasing histone H3 trimethylation and DNA methylation. These results suggest that the antidepressant effect of rTMS is associated with dendritic remodeling, which is probably regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. These data are a first approximation of the impact of rTMS at the epigenetic level in the context of depression. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze in future studies as to which genes are regulated by these mechanisms, and how they are associated with the neuroplastic modifications promoted by rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Meneses-San Juan
- National Institute of Psychiatry “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Mexico City 14370, Mexico;
- Center of Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Mónica Lamas
- Center of Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
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Prazeres F, Maricoto T, Lima IS, Simões P, Simões JA. COVID-19 or threat of a nuclear war in Europe? A cross-sectional study of anxiety levels in adults living in Portugal. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1159172. [PMID: 37583890 PMCID: PMC10423817 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1159172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since 2019, Europe has experienced ongoing stressors with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian War, which have had social, financial, physical, and psychological impacts. Studies suggest that anxiety, fear, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and other psychological disorders are common in such situations, and there is a need for more research on the impact of the war on mental health in Portugal. The main goal of the present study was to assess the impact of the fear of COVID-19 and anxiety related to nuclear war on the general anxiety levels of adult individuals living in Portugal. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2022 using an online questionnaire built on the Google Forms platform. Portuguese-speaking male and female individuals aged 18 years or older, who provided informed consent and agreed to participate, were included. The outcome variable was defined using the Portuguese version of the GAD-7 scale, while the main predictors were the FCV-19S and the NWA Scale in Portuguese. Linear and logistic regression models were used to test associations between predictors and outcome variable. Results The study included 1,182 participants, with a mean age of 46.5 (±11.7) years, mostly women (80.6%). The global mean GAD-7 score was 5.8 (±4.5) points, and 17.9% of the participants scored above the 10-point cutoff. Higher scores were found in both the FCV-19S and the NWA scale among participants with anxiety, as measured by both a 10-point cutoff (p < 0.001), and GAD-7 scale mean scores (p < 0.001). The study showed that fear of COVID-19 [OR of 1.133 (95%CI: 1.097-1.170)] and, at a lesser extent, nuclear war anxiety [OR of 1.020 (95%CI, 1.009-1.031)] contribute to anxiety in the general population. This is also true for those with a personal history of anxiety, revealed by multiple regression. Discussion This study contributes to the research on COVID-19's impact on anxiety and provides the first comprehensive assessment of nuclear war anxiety in Portugal. Results highlight the need for long-term care for anxiety, as prevalence is expected to increase due to the pandemic and war, even in non-conflict areas like Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Prazeres
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Family Health Unit Beira Ria, Gafanha da Nazaré, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Maricoto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Family Health Unit Beira Ria, Gafanha da Nazaré, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro Simões
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Personalized Health Care Unit Fundão, Fundão, Portugal
| | - José Augusto Simões
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Petersen KJ, Yu X, Masters MC, Lobo JD, Lu T, Letendre S, Ellis RJ, McCutchan JA, Sundermann E. Sex-specific associations between plasma interleukin-6 and depression in persons with and without HIV. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 30:100644. [PMID: 37347049 PMCID: PMC10279778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persons with HIV (PWH) have both more frequent depression and higher levels of plasma inflammatory biomarkers compared to persons without HIV (PWoH). Inflammation and depressive symptoms are linked, including in PWH; however, it is unclear whether these associations differ by HIV serostatus and biological sex. Methods Six plasma inflammatory biomarkers were assessed using samples from PWH and PWoH who participated in six NIH-funded studies through the UCSD HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program (HNRP) from 2011 to 2019. Factor analysis was performed to identify intercorrelated groups of biomarkers. Factors and their components were then examined for relationships with Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and modifying effects of sex or HIV serostatus using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for demographics, substance use diagnoses, and relevant co-morbidities. Results Participants included 150 PWH (age = 48.3 ± 13.1 yr; 88% biologically male) and 138 PWoH (age = 46.3 ± 15.9; 56% male). Two inflammatory factors were identified: Factor 1 loaded on interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and D-dimer; Factor 2 loaded on interleukin-8, chemokine C-C ligand 2 (CCL2), and chemokine C-X-C ligand 10 (CXCL10). Sex modified the effect of Factor 1 on BDI-II, with a more positive association for men than women (p = 0.04). No significant association between Factor 2 and BDI-II was found. Of the biomarkers in Factor 1, only IL-6 was significantly associated with BDI-II and was modified by sex (p = 0.003). In sex-stratified analysis, a positive association was found for men (β = 5.42; 95% confidence interval = [1.32, 9.52]) but not women (β = -3.88; 95% C.I. = [-11.02, 3.26]). No HIV-related interactions were detected. Interpretation We identified a depression-associated inflammatory factor present in both PWH and PWoH, consistent with prior studies of PWH only. The association was driven by a correlation between IL-6 and depression exclusively in men, suggesting that the depression-inflammation link differs by sex. Future studies of depression etiology or treatment, including those on persons with HIV, should consider the impact of biological sex in both design and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalen J. Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Xiaoying Yu
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Mary Clare Masters
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Judith D. Lobo
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tina Lu
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Scott Letendre
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ronald J. Ellis
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J. Allen McCutchan
- Department of Medicine, The University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Erin Sundermann
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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