1
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Najjar JA, Calvert JW. Effects of protein glycation and protective mechanisms against glycative stress. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2024; 76:102464. [PMID: 38796877 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2024.102464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Glycation is a posttranslational modification of proteins that contributes to the vast array of biological information that can be conveyed via a singular proteome. Understanding the role of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in human health and pathophysiology can be difficult, as the physiological effects of AGEs have been associated with multiple biological processes and disease state development, including acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and atherosclerosis, as well as tumor cell migration. The critical role of the glyoxalase system in the detoxification of methylglyoxal and other AGEs has been well established. Recently, evidence has emerged that DJ-1 displays antiglycative activity and may contribute to another mechanism of protection against protein glycation outside of the glyoxalase system. Identification of potential substrates of DJ-1 and determination of the pathways in which DJ-1 operates, is needed to fully understand the role of this protein in modulating biological homeostasis and the development of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade A Najjar
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, USA
| | - John W Calvert
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.
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2
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Sies H, Mailloux RJ, Jakob U. Fundamentals of redox regulation in biology. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00730-2. [PMID: 38689066 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions are central to the existence of life. Reactive species of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur mediate redox control of a wide range of essential cellular processes. Yet, excessive levels of oxidants are associated with ageing and many diseases, including cardiological and neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Hence, maintaining the fine-tuned steady-state balance of reactive species production and removal is essential. Here, we discuss new insights into the dynamic maintenance of redox homeostasis (that is, redox homeodynamics) and the principles underlying biological redox organization, termed the 'redox code'. We survey how redox changes result in stress responses by hormesis mechanisms, and how the lifelong cumulative exposure to environmental agents, termed the 'exposome', is communicated to cells through redox signals. Better understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of redox biology will guide novel redox medicine approaches aimed at preventing and treating diseases associated with disturbed redox regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Sies
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ryan J Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Ursula Jakob
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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3
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Cifuente JO, Colleoni C, Kalscheuer R, Guerin ME. Architecture, Function, Regulation, and Evolution of α-Glucans Metabolic Enzymes in Prokaryotes. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4863-4934. [PMID: 38606812 PMCID: PMC11046441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria have acquired sophisticated mechanisms for assembling and disassembling polysaccharides of different chemistry. α-d-Glucose homopolysaccharides, so-called α-glucans, are the most widespread polymers in nature being key components of microorganisms. Glycogen functions as an intracellular energy storage while some bacteria also produce extracellular assorted α-glucans. The classical bacterial glycogen metabolic pathway comprises the action of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and glycogen synthase, whereas extracellular α-glucans are mostly related to peripheral enzymes dependent on sucrose. An alternative pathway of glycogen biosynthesis, operating via a maltose 1-phosphate polymerizing enzyme, displays an essential wiring with the trehalose metabolism to interconvert disaccharides into polysaccharides. Furthermore, some bacteria show a connection of intracellular glycogen metabolism with the genesis of extracellular capsular α-glucans, revealing a relationship between the storage and structural function of these compounds. Altogether, the current picture shows that bacteria have evolved an intricate α-glucan metabolism that ultimately relies on the evolution of a specific enzymatic machinery. The structural landscape of these enzymes exposes a limited number of core catalytic folds handling many different chemical reactions. In this Review, we present a rationale to explain how the chemical diversity of α-glucans emerged from these systems, highlighting the underlying structural evolution of the enzymes driving α-glucan bacterial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier O. Cifuente
- Instituto
Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), University of
the Basque Country, E-48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Christophe Colleoni
- University
of Lille, CNRS, UMR8576-UGSF -Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale
et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rainer Kalscheuer
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcelo E. Guerin
- Structural
Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB), Spanish
National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park, c/Baldiri Reixac 4-8, Tower R, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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4
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Ahmad R, Warsi MS, Abidi M, Habib S, Siddiqui S, Khan H, Nabi F, Moinuddin. Structural perturbations induced by cumulative action of methylglyoxal and peroxynitrite on human fibrinogen: An in vitro and in silico approach. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 307:123500. [PMID: 37989033 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO); a reducing sugar and a dicarbonyl; attaches to the biomolecules (proteins, lipids, and DNA) leading to glycation and accumulation of oxidative stress in cells and tissues. Superoxide anion formed under such conditions entraps free nitric oxide radical (NO) to form peroxynitrite (PON). Nitro-oxidative stress due to PON is well established. Human fibrinogen plays a key role in haemostasis and is a highly vulnerable target for oxidation. Modifications of fibrinogen can potentially disrupt its structure and function. Earlier evidence suggested that glycation and nitro-oxidation lead to protein aggregation by making it resistant to lysis. This study aims to reveal the structural perturbations on fibrinogen in the presence of MGO and PON synergistically. The in vitro glyco-nitro-oxidation of human fibrinogen by MGO and PON leads to substantial structural alterations, as evident by biophysical and biochemical studies. In-silico results revealed the formation of stable complexes. UV-visible, intrinsic fluorescence, and circular dichroism investigations confirmed the synergistic effect of MGO and PON caused micro-structural modifications leading to secondary structural alterations. AGEs formation in MGO-modified fibrinogen reduced the free lysine and free arginine residues which were quantified by TNBS and phenanthrenequinone assays. Enhanced oxidative status was confirmed by estimating carbonyl content. ANS fluorophore validated exposure of hydrophobic patches in modified protein and thioflavin-T showed maximum binding with synergistically modified fibrinogen, indicated the formation of β-sheet. Confocal and electron microscope results corroborated the formation of aggregates. This study, therefore, evaluated the impact of MGO and PON on the structural integrity, oxidative status and aggregate formation of fibrinogen that can aggravate metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Sharib Warsi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Minhal Abidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Safia Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sana Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hamda Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Faisal Nabi
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Moinuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Xue M, Irshad Z, Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ. Increased cellular protein modification by methylglyoxal activates endoplasmic reticulum-based sensors of the unfolded protein response. Redox Biol 2024; 69:103025. [PMID: 38199038 PMCID: PMC10821617 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) detects increased misfolded proteins and activates protein refolding, protein degradation and inflammatory responses. UPR sensors in the endoplasmic reticulum, IRE1α and PERK, bind and are activated by proteins with unexpected surface hydrophobicity, whereas sensor ATF6 is activated by proteolytic cleavage when released from complexation with protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs). Metabolic dysfunction leading to the formation of misfolded proteins with surface hydrophobicity and disruption of ATF6-PDI complexes leading to activation of UPR sensors remains unclear. The cellular concentration of reactive dicarbonyl metabolite, methylglyoxal (MG), is increased in impaired metabolic health, producing increased MG-modified cellular proteins. Herein we assessed the effect of high glucose concentration and related increased cellular MG on activation status of IRE1α, PERK and ATF6. Human aortal endothelial cells and HMEC-1 microvascular endothelial cells were incubated in low and high glucose concentration to model blood glucose control, with increase or decrease of MG by silencing or increasing expression of glyoxalase 1 (Glo1), which metabolizes MG. Increased MG induced by high glucose concentration activated IRE1α, PERK and ATF6 and related downstream signalling leading to increased chaperone, apoptotic and inflammatory gene expression. Correction of increased MG by increasing Glo1 expression prevented UPR activation. MG modification of proteins produces surface hydrophobicity through arginine-derived hydroimidazolone MG-H1 formation, with related protein unfolding and preferentially targets PDIs and chaperone pathways for modification. It thereby poses a major challenge to proteostasis and activates UPR sensors. Pharmacological decrease of MG with Glo1 inducer, trans-resveratrol and hesperetin in combination, offers a novel treatment strategy to counter UPR-related cell dysfunction, particularly in hyperglycemia associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhan Xue
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zehra Irshad
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Naila Rabbani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Paul J Thornalley
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar; Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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6
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Hota D, Padhy BM, Maiti R, Bisoi D, Sahoo JP, Patro BK, Kumar P, Goel A, Banik SP, Chakraborty S, Rungta M, Bagchi M, Bagchi D. A Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Investigation to Evaluate the Efficacy of a Patented Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed Extract "Fenfuro®" in Type 2 Diabetics. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:147-156. [PMID: 37459747 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2233008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek) is an extensively researched phytotherapeutic for the management of Type 2 diabetes without any associated side effects. The major anti-diabetic bioactive constituents present in the plant are furostanolic saponins, which are more abundantly available in the seed of the plant. However, the bioavailability of these components depends on the method of extraction and hence formulation of the phytotherapeutic constitutes a critical step for its success. OBJECTIVE The present study reports the efficacy of a novel, patented fenugreek seed extract, Fenfuro®, containing significant amount of furostanolic saponins, in an open-labelled, two-armed, single centric study on a group of 204 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus over a period of twelve consecutive weeks. RESULTS Administration of Fenfuro® in the dosage of 500 mg twice daily along with metformin and/or sulfonylurea-based prescribed antidiabetic drug resulted in a reduction of post-prandial glucose by more than 33% along with significant reduction in fasting glucose, both of which were greater than what resulted for the patient group receiving only Metformin and/or Sulfonylurea therapy. Fenfuro® also resulted in reduction in mean baseline HOMA index from 4.27 to 3.765, indicating restoration of insulin sensitivity which was also supported by a significant decrease in serum insulin levels by >10% as well as slight reduction in the levels of C-peptide. However, in the case of the Metformin and/or Sulfonylurea group, insulin levels were found to increase by more than 14%, which clearly indicated that drug-induced suppression of glucose levels instead of restoration of glucose homeostasis. Administration of the formulation was also found to be free from any adverse side effects as there were no changes in hematological profile, liver function and renal function. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated the promising potential of this novel phytotherapeutic, Fenfuro®, in long-term holistic management of type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Hota
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India
| | - Biswa M Padhy
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India
| | - Rituparna Maiti
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India
| | - Debasis Bisoi
- Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash Sahoo
- Department of Pharmacology, SCB Medical College & Hospital, Cuttack, Orissa, India
| | - Binod K Patro
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- R&D Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Apurva Goel
- Regulatory Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Samudra P Banik
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata, India
| | - Sanjoy Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Sciences, New York City College of Technology/CUNY, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Mehul Rungta
- R&D Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Manashi Bagchi
- Department of R&D, Dr. Herbs LLC, Concord, California, USA
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, and Department of Psychology, Gordon F. Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, USA
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7
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Wu Y, Chen J, Zhu R, Huang G, Zeng J, Yu H, He Z, Han C. Integrating TCGA and Single-Cell Sequencing Data for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Novel Glycosylation (GLY)/Tumor Microenvironment (TME) Classifier to Predict Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response. Metabolites 2024; 14:51. [PMID: 38248854 PMCID: PMC10818448 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The major liver cancer subtype is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Studies have indicated that a better prognosis is related to the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in HCC. However, the molecular pathways that drive immune cell variation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain poorly understood. Glycosylation (GLY)-related genes have a vital function in the pathogenesis of numerous tumors, including HCC. This study aimed to develop a GLY/TME classifier based on glycosylation-related gene scores and tumor microenvironment scores to provide a novel prognostic model to improve the prediction of clinical outcomes. The reliability of the signatures was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and survival analyses and was verified with external datasets. Furthermore, the correlation between glycosylation-related genes and other cells in the immune environment, the immune signature of the GLY/TME classifier, and the efficacy of immunotherapy were also investigated. The GLY score low/TME score high subgroup showed a favorable prognosis and therapeutic response based on significant differences in immune-related molecules and cancer cell signaling mechanisms. We evaluated the prognostic role of the GLY/TME classifier that demonstrated overall prognostic significance for prognosis and therapeutic response before treatment, which may provide new options for creating the best possible therapeutic approaches for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (R.Z.); (G.H.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jiaru Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (R.Z.); (G.H.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Riting Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (R.Z.); (G.H.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Guoliang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (R.Z.); (G.H.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jincheng Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (R.Z.); (G.H.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Hongbing Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (R.Z.); (G.H.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Zhiwei He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (R.Z.); (G.H.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Cuifang Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (R.Z.); (G.H.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
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8
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Patil RS, Tupe RS. Communal interaction of glycation and gut microbes in diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:365-405. [PMID: 37589449 DOI: 10.1002/med.21987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and its complications, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) are increasing gradually, reflecting a global threat vis-à-vis expressing the essentiality of a substantial paradigm shift in research and remedial actions. Protein glycation is influenced by several factors, like time, temperature, pH, metal ions, and the half-life of the protein. Surprisingly, most proteins associated with metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders are generally long-lived and hence susceptible to glycation. Remarkably, proteins linked with diabetes, AD, and PD share this characteristic. This modulates protein's structure, aggregation tendency, and toxicity, highlighting renovated attention. Gut microbes and microbial metabolites marked their importance in human health and diseases. Though many scientific shreds of evidence are proposed for possible change and dysbiosis in gut flora in these diseases, very little is known about the mechanisms. Screening and unfolding their functionality in metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders is essential in hunting the gut treasure. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the role of glycation as a common link in diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases, which helps to clarify if modulation of nonenzymatic glycation may act as a beneficial therapeutic strategy and gut microbes/metabolites may answer some of the crucial questions. This review briefly emphasizes the common functional attributes of glycation and gut microbes, the possible linkages, and discusses current treatment options and therapeutic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shivaji Patil
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rashmi Santosh Tupe
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Al-Saei ANJM, Nour-Eldine W, Rajpoot K, Arshad N, Al-Shammari AR, Kamal M, Akil AAS, Fakhro KA, Thornalley PJ, Rabbani N. Validation of plasma protein glycation and oxidation biomarkers for the diagnosis of autism. Mol Psychiatry 2023:10.1038/s41380-023-02357-9. [PMID: 38135754 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02357-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. It is currently diagnosed by behaviour-based assessments made by observation and interview. In 2018 we reported a discovery study of a blood biomarker diagnostic test for ASD based on a combination of four plasma protein glycation and oxidation adducts. The test had 88% accuracy in children 5-12 years old. Herein, we present an international multicenter clinical validation study (N = 478) with application of similar biomarkers to a wider age range of 1.5-12 years old children. Three hundred and eleven children with ASD (247 male, 64 female; age 5.2 ± 3.0 years) and 167 children with typical development (94 male, 73 female; 4.9 ± 2.4 years) were recruited for this study at Sidra Medicine and Hamad Medical Corporation hospitals, Qatar, and Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain. For subjects 5-12 years old, the diagnostic algorithm with features, advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)-Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), Nω-carboxymethylarginine (CMA) and 3-deoxyglucosone-derived hydroimidazolone (3DG-H), and oxidative damage marker, o,o'-dityrosine (DT), age and gender had accuracy 83% (CI 79 - 89%), sensitivity 94% (CI 90-98%), specificity 67% (CI 57-76%) and area-under-the-curve of receiver operating characteristic plot (AUROC) 0.87 (CI 0.84-0.90). Inclusion of additional plasma protein glycation and oxidation adducts increased the specificity to 74%. An algorithm with 12 plasma protein glycation and oxidation adduct features was optimum for children of 1.5-12 years old: accuracy 74% (CI 70-79%), sensitivity 75% (CI 63-87%), specificity 74% (CI 58-90%) and AUROC 0.79 (CI 0.74-0.84). We conclude that ASD diagnosis may be supported using an algorithm with features of plasma protein CML, CMA, 3DG-H and DT in 5-12 years-old children, and an algorithm with additional features applicable for ASD screening in younger children. ASD severity, as assessed by ADOS-2 score, correlated positively with plasma protein glycation adducts derived from methylglyoxal, hydroimidazolone MG-H1 and Nε(1-carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL). The successful validation herein may indicate that the algorithm modifiable features are mechanistic risk markers linking ASD to increased lipid peroxidation, neuronal plasticity and proteotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wared Nour-Eldine
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kashif Rajpoot
- University of Birmingham Dubai, Dubai International Academic City, PO Box 341799, Dubai, UAE
| | - Noman Arshad
- BIOMISA Laboratory, Department of Computer & Software Engineering, National University of Science & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abeer R Al-Shammari
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Madeeha Kamal
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Laboratory, Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid A Fakhro
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
- Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Laboratory, Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine-Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Paul J Thornalley
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Naila Rabbani
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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10
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Sanni O, Nkomozepi P, Islam MS. Ethyl Acetate Fractions of Tectona Grandis Crude Extract Modulate Glucose Absorption and Uptake as Well as Antihyperglycemic Potential in Fructose-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:28. [PMID: 38203195 PMCID: PMC10778942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global health challenge with increased morbidity and mortality rates yearly. Herbal medicine has provided an alternative approach to treating T2D with limited access to formal healthcare. Tectona grandis is being used traditionally in the treatment of diabetes. The present study investigated the antidiabetic potential of T. grandis leaves in different solvent extractions, and the crude extract that demonstrated the best activity was further fractionated through solvent-solvent partitioning. The ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol crude extract showed the best antidiabetic activity in inhibiting α-glucosidase, delaying glucose absorption at the small intestine's lumen, and enhancing the muscle's postprandial glucose uptake. The ethyl acetate fraction was further elucidated for its ability to reduce hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. The ethyl acetate fraction significantly reduced high blood glucose levels in diabetic rats with concomitant modulation in stimulated insulin secretions through improved pancreatic β-cell function, insulin sensitivity by increasing liver glycogen content, and reduced elevated levels of liver glucose-6-phosphatase activity. These activities could be attributed to the phytochemical constituents of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle Sanni
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (O.S.); (P.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Pilani Nkomozepi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (O.S.); (P.N.)
| | - Md. Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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11
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Jasenovec T, Radosinska D, Jansakova K, Kopcikova M, Tomova A, Snurikova D, Vrbjar N, Radosinska J. Alterations in Antioxidant Status and Erythrocyte Properties in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2054. [PMID: 38136174 PMCID: PMC10741171 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythrocytes are responsible for the transport of oxygen within the organism, which is particularly important for nerve tissues. Erythrocyte quality has been shown to be deteriorated in oxidative stress conditions. In this study, we measured the same series of oxidative stress markers in plasma and erythrocytes to compare the differences between neurotypical children (controls) and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We also focused on erythrocyte properties including their deformability, osmotic resistance, Na,K-ATPase activity, nitric oxide levels and free radical levels in children with ASD and controls. Greater oxidative damage to proteins and lipids was observed in the erythrocytes than in the plasma of ASD subjects. Additionally, antioxidant enzymes were more active in plasma samples from ASD children than in their erythrocytes. Significantly higher nitric oxide level and Na,K-ATPase enzyme activity were detected in erythrocytes of ASD individuals in comparison with the controls. Changes in oxidative status could at least partially contribute to the deterioration of erythrocyte morphology, as more frequent echinocyte formation was detected in ASD individuals. These alterations are most probably responsible for worsening the erythrocyte deformability observed in children with ASD. We can conclude that abnormalities in antioxidant status and erythrocyte properties could be involved in the pathomechanisms of ASD and eventually contribute to its clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Jasenovec
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (K.J.); (M.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Dominika Radosinska
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Katarina Jansakova
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (K.J.); (M.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Maria Kopcikova
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (K.J.); (M.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Aleksandra Tomova
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (K.J.); (M.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Denisa Snurikova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Norbert Vrbjar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Jana Radosinska
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 2, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.J.); (K.J.); (M.K.); (A.T.)
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.S.); (N.V.)
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12
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Park JH, Tanaka M, Nakano T, Licastro E, Nakamura Y, Li W, Esposito E, Mandeville ET, Chou SHY, Ning M, Lo EH, Hayakawa K. O-GlcNAcylation is essential for therapeutic mitochondrial transplantation. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:169. [PMID: 38007588 PMCID: PMC10676354 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00402-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of mitochondria is increasingly explored as a novel therapy in central nervous system (CNS) injury and disease. However, there are limitations in safety and efficacy because mitochondria are vulnerable in extracellular environments and damaged mitochondria can induce unfavorable danger signals. METHODS Mitochondrial O-GlcNAc-modification was amplified by recombinant O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and UDP-GlcNAc. O-GlcNAcylated mitochondrial proteins were identified by mass spectrometry and the antiglycation ability of O-GlcNAcylated DJ1 was determined by loss-of-function via mutagenesis. Therapeutic efficacy of O-GlcNAcylated mitochondria was assessed in a mouse model of transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. To explore translational potential, we evaluated O-GlcNAcylated DJ1 in CSF collected from patients with subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke (SAH). RESULTS We show that isolated mitochondria are susceptible to advanced glycation end product (AGE) modification, and these glycated mitochondria induce the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE)-mediated autophagy and oxidative stress when transferred into neurons. However, modifying mitochondria with O-GlcNAcylation counteracts glycation, diminishes RAGE-mediated effects, and improves viability of mitochondria recipient neurons. In a mouse model of stroke, treatment with extracellular mitochondria modified by O-GlcNAcylation reduces neuronal injury and improves neurologic deficits. In cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from SAH patients, levels of O-GlcNAcylation in extracellular mitochondria correlate with better clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that AGE-modification in extracellular mitochondria may induce danger signals, but O-GlcNAcylation can prevent glycation and improve the therapeutic efficacy of transplanted mitochondria in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Park
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Takafumi Nakano
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ester Licastro
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yoshihiko Nakamura
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Wenlu Li
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Elga Esposito
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Emiri T Mandeville
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Sherry Hsiang-Yi Chou
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - MingMing Ning
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eng H Lo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Kazuhide Hayakawa
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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13
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Toriumi K, Iino K, Ozawa A, Miyashita M, Yamasaki S, Suzuki K, Sugawa H, Tabata K, Yamaguchi S, Usami S, Itokawa M, Nishida A, Nagai R, Kamiguchi H, Arai M. Glucuronic acid is a novel source of pentosidine, associated with schizophrenia. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102876. [PMID: 37703666 PMCID: PMC10502438 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentosidine (PEN) is an advanced glycation end-product (AGEs), where a fluorescent cross-link is formed between lysine and arginine residues in proteins. Accumulation of PEN is associated with aging and various diseases. We previously reported that a subpopulation of patients with schizophrenia showed PEN accumulation in the blood, having severe clinical features. PEN is thought to be produced from glucose, fructose, pentoses, or ascorbate. However, patients with schizophrenia with high PEN levels present no elevation of these precursors of PEN in their blood. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms underlying PEN accumulation and the molecular pathogenesis of schizophrenia associated with PEN accumulation remain unclear. Here, we identified glucuronic acid (GlcA) as a novel precursor of PEN from the plasma of subjects with high PEN levels. We demonstrated that PEN can be generated from GlcA, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that GlcA was associated with the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Among patients with high PEN, the proportion of those who also have high GlcA is 25.6%. We also showed that Aldo-keto reductase (AKR) activity to degrade GlcA was decreased in patients with schizophrenia, and its activity was negatively correlated with GlcA levels in the plasma. This is the first report to show that PEN is generated from GlcA. In the future, this finding will contribute to understanding the molecular pathogenesis of not only schizophrenia but also other diseases with PEN accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Toriumi
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kyoka Iino
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Azuna Ozawa
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Miyashita
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, 156-0057, Japan
| | - Syudo Yamasaki
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Department of Community Mental Health, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hikari Sugawa
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, 862-0970, Japan
| | - Koichi Tabata
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Satoshi Usami
- Center for Research and Development on Transition from Secondary to Higher Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masanari Itokawa
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, 156-0057, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, 862-0970, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Arai
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.
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14
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Zhang Q, An ZY, Jiang W, Jin WL, He XY. Collagen code in tumor microenvironment: Functions, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115390. [PMID: 37660648 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial in cancer progression, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important TME component. Collagen is a major ECM component that contributes to tumor cell infiltration, expansion, and distant metastasis during cancer progression. Recent studies reported that collagen is deposited in the TME to form a collagen wall along which tumor cells can infiltrate and prevent drugs from working on the tumor cells. Collagen-tumor cell interaction is complex and requires the activation of multiple signaling pathways for biochemical and mechanical signaling interventions. In this review, we examine the effect of collagen deposition in the TME on tumor progression and discuss the interaction between collagen and tumor cells. This review aims to illustrate the functions and mechanisms of collagen in tumor progression in the TME and its role in tumor therapy. The findings indicated collagen in the TME appears to be a better target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, PR China
| | - Zi-Yi An
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, PR China; Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei 230001, PR China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Xin-Yang He
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, PR China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, PR China.
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15
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Kuczyńska-Wiśnik D, Stojowska-Swędrzyńska K, Laskowska E. Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Protective Protein Aggregates in Bacteria. Molecules 2023; 28:6582. [PMID: 37764358 PMCID: PMC10534466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and the formation of membraneless organelles (MLOs) contribute to the spatiotemporal organization of various physiological processes in the cell. These phenomena have been studied and characterized mainly in eukaryotic cells. However, increasing evidence indicates that LLPS-driven protein condensation may also occur in prokaryotes. Recent studies indicate that aggregates formed during proteotoxic stresses may also play the role of MLOs and increase the fitness of bacteria under stress. The beneficial effect of aggregates may result from the sequestration and protection of proteins against irreversible inactivation or degradation, activation of the protein quality control system and induction of dormancy. The most common stress that bacteria encounter in the natural environment is water loss. Therefore, in this review, we focus on protein aggregates formed in E. coli upon desiccation-rehydration stress. In silico analyses suggest that various mechanisms and interactions are responsible for their formation, including LLPS, disordered sequences and aggregation-prone regions. These data support findings that intrinsically disordered proteins and LLPS may contribute to desiccation tolerance not only in eukaryotic cells but also in bacteria. LLPS-driven aggregation may be a strategy used by pathogens to survive antibiotic treatment and desiccation stress in the hospital environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ewa Laskowska
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (D.K.-W.); (K.S.-S.)
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16
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Ferreyro-Bravo F, Ceballos-Cruz Á, Urruchua-Rodríguez MJ, Martínez-Reyes G, Cortés-Pastrana C, Pacheco-Pantoja EL. Differential Association of Glycation Products with Bone Mineral Density and Fat Mass in Healthy and Diabetes Type 2 Subjects from Mexican Southeastern: A Cross Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1451. [PMID: 37629742 PMCID: PMC10456706 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background: Glycation products have been linked to decreased bone mineral density (BMD) in a number of clinical settings. This study examined the correlation between early glycation products (HbA1c and glycated albumin (ALB-g)) and advanced glycation end products (pentosidine (PTD)) with BMD in two groups of participants: those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and those without diabetes or any other comorbidities (noDM). All of the participants had resided in southeastern Mexico for a minimum of 10 years. Material and Methods: This study included 204 participants: 112 (55%) with DM2 and 92 (45%) healthy subjects. We utilized dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure both the total and segment-specific BMD and adipose mass. In addition, the fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, PTD, and ALB-g parameters were measured. Correlation and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: There was an inverse correlation between PTD and BMD in all anatomical regions among postmenopausal women (PMW) in the DM2 group, whereas in non-PMW, only the waist-to-height ratio was statistically significant. A negative correlation was observed between HbA1c levels and BMD in the arms and legs of DM2 individuals. However, in the noDM group, a negative correlation was found between HbA1c levels and BMD in the pelvis, while a positive association was observed between HbA1c and indicators of adipose tissue. ALB-g, demonstrated a negative correlation with fat mass. After performing binary logistic regressions, the following odds ratios (OR) for osteopenia/osteoporosis risk were determined: PTD OR 1.1 (p = 0.047) for DM2 PMW, HbA1c OR 1.4 (p = 0.048), and fat mass content OR 1.011 (p = 0.023) for the entire sample. Conclusions: Glycation products are associated with BMD differentially depending on the analyzed anatomical segment, but PTD, HbA1c, and fat mass are significant predictors of low bone mass. In prospective studies, this association could be determined using other techniques involving three-dimensional analysis of bone architecture to evaluate bone architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ferreyro-Bravo
- Health Sciences PhD Program, Universidad Católica de Murcia UCAM, 30107 Guadalupe de Maciascoque, Murcia, Spain;
| | - Ángel Ceballos-Cruz
- Health Sciences Division, School of Medicine, Anahuac Mayab University, Mérida 97308, Yuc., Mexico; (Á.C.-C.); (M.J.U.-R.); (G.M.-R.); (C.C.-P.)
| | - Mary Jose Urruchua-Rodríguez
- Health Sciences Division, School of Medicine, Anahuac Mayab University, Mérida 97308, Yuc., Mexico; (Á.C.-C.); (M.J.U.-R.); (G.M.-R.); (C.C.-P.)
| | - Gabriela Martínez-Reyes
- Health Sciences Division, School of Medicine, Anahuac Mayab University, Mérida 97308, Yuc., Mexico; (Á.C.-C.); (M.J.U.-R.); (G.M.-R.); (C.C.-P.)
| | - Carolina Cortés-Pastrana
- Health Sciences Division, School of Medicine, Anahuac Mayab University, Mérida 97308, Yuc., Mexico; (Á.C.-C.); (M.J.U.-R.); (G.M.-R.); (C.C.-P.)
| | - Elda Leonor Pacheco-Pantoja
- Health Sciences Division, School of Medicine, Anahuac Mayab University, Mérida 97308, Yuc., Mexico; (Á.C.-C.); (M.J.U.-R.); (G.M.-R.); (C.C.-P.)
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17
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Zoanni B, Brioschi M, Mallia A, Gianazza E, Eligini S, Carini M, Aldini G, Banfi C. Novel insights about albumin in cardiovascular diseases: Focus on heart failure. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:1113-1128. [PMID: 34747521 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Human Plasma Proteome has always been the most investigated compartment in proteomics-based biomarker discovery, and is considered the largest and deepest version of the human proteome, reflecting the state of the body in health and disease. Even if efforts have been always dedicated to the refinement of proteomic approaches to investigate more deeply the plasma proteome, it should not be forgotten that also highly abundant plasma proteins, like human serum albumin (HSA), often neglected in these studies, might provide fundamental physiological functions in plasma, and should be better considered. This review summarizes the important roles of HSA in the context of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and in particular in heart failure. Notwithstanding much attention has been historically directed toward the association of HSA levels and CVD risk, the advances in the field of mass spectrometry research allow also a better characterization of the effects of oxidative modifications that could alter not only the structure but also the function of HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alice Mallia
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Marina Carini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
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18
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Waseem R, Khan T, Shamsi A, Shahid M, Kazim SN, Hassan MI, Islam A. Inhibitory potential of N-acetylaspartate against protein glycation, AGEs formation and aggregation: Implication of brain osmolyte in glycation-related complications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125405. [PMID: 37336383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycation and aggregation have a pivotal role in many diseases including diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), an osmolyte derived from L-aspartic acid, is one of the most abundant metabolites in the mammalian brain. Although NAA is supposed to be a substitute for a neuronal marker, its function is not fully elucidated. Herein, we have investigated the effect of NAA on glycation, AGEs formation and aggregation of irisin. AGE-specific fluorescence showed the strong inhibition of AGEs formation in the presence of NAA, demonstrating its anti-glycating property. The aggregates present in MG-modified irisin were also reduced by NAA, which was confirmed by Thioflavin T fluorescence and fluorescence microscopy. Further, for the explanation of the strong anti-glycating potential of NAA, the interaction between irisin and NAA was also examined. Interaction studies involving steady-state fluorescence and molecular docking demonstrated that hydrogen bonding and salt bridges by NAA stabilize the irisin. It was found that glycation-prone residues i.e., lysine and arginine are specifically involved in the interaction which might prevent them from getting modified during the process of glycation. This study for the first time reported the antiglycating potential of NAA which can be implicated in the therapeutic management of various glycation-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Waseem
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Tanzeel Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Naqui Kazim
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
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19
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Seong SH, Kim BR, Park JS, Jeong DY, Kim TS, Im S, Jeong JW, Cho ML. Phytochemical profiling of Symplocos tanakana Nakai and S. sawafutagi Nagam. leaf and identification of their antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 233:115441. [PMID: 37148699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Symplocos sp. contains various phytochemicals and is used as a folk remedy for treatment of diseases such as enteritis, malaria, and leprosy. In this study, we discovered that 70% ethanol extracts of Symplocos sawafutagi Nagam. and S. tanakana Nakai leaves have antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects. The components in the extracts were profiled using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry; quercetin-3-O-(6''-O-galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside (6) and tellimagrandin II (7) were the main phenolic compounds. They acted as strong antioxidants with excellent radical scavenging activity and as inhibitors of non-enzymatic advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation. Mass fragmentation analysis demonstrated that compounds 6 and 7 could form mono- or di-methylglyoxal adducts via reaction with methylglyoxal, which is a reactive carbonyl intermediate and an important precursor of AGEs. In addition, compound 7 effectively inhibited the binding between AGE2 and receptor for AGEs as well as the activity of α-glucosidase. Enzyme kinetic study revealed that compound 7 acts as a competitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase, through interaction with the active site of the enzyme. Therefore, compounds 6 and 7, the major constituents of S. sawafutagi and S. tanakana leaves, are promising for developing drugs for preventing or treating diseases caused by aging and excessive sugar consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hui Seong
- Division of Natural Products Research, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Kim
- Division of Natural Products Research, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Park
- Division of Botany, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yun Jeong
- Division of Natural Products Research, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Su Kim
- Division of Natural Products Research, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Sua Im
- Division of Natural Products Research, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Division of Natural Products Research, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Lae Cho
- Division of Natural Products Research, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Knörlein A, Xiao Y, David Y. Leveraging histone glycation for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:410-420. [PMID: 36804508 PMCID: PMC10121827 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to rely mostly on aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect). The increased glycolytic intake enhances the intracellular levels of reactive sugars and sugar metabolites. These reactive species can covalently modify macromolecules in a process termed glycation. Histones are particularly susceptible to glycation, resulting in substantial alterations to chromatin structure, function, and transcriptional output. Growing evidence suggests a link between dysregulated metabolism of tumors and cancer proliferation through epigenetic changes. This review discusses recent advances in the understanding of histone glycation, its impact on the epigenetic landscape and cellular fate, and its role in cancer. In addition, we investigate the possibility of using histone glycation as biomarkers and targets for anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Knörlein
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yael David
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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21
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Łupkowska A, Monem S, Dębski J, Stojowska-Swędrzyńska K, Kuczyńska-Wiśnik D, Laskowska E. Protein aggregation and glycation in Escherichia coli exposed to desiccation-rehydration stress. Microbiol Res 2023; 270:127335. [PMID: 36841129 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In natural environments, bacteria often enter a state of anhydrobiosis due to water loss. Multiple studies have demonstrated that desiccation may lead to protein aggregation and glycation both in vivo and in vitro. However, the exact effects of water-loss-induced proteotoxic stress and the interplay between protein glycation and aggregation in bacteria remain elusive. Our studies revealed that protein aggregates formation in Escherichia coli started during desiccation and continued during the rehydration stage. The aggregates were enriched in proteins prone to liquid-liquid phase separation. Although it is known that glycation may induce protein aggregation in vitro, the aggregates formed in E. coli contained low levels of glycation products compared to the soluble protein fraction. Carnosine, glycine betaine and trehalose diminished the formation of protein aggregates and glycation products, resulting in increased E. coli viability. Notably, although high concentrations of glycine-betaine and trehalose significantly enhanced protein aggregation, glycation was still inhibited and E. coli cells survived desiccation better than bacteria grown without osmolytes. Taken together, our results suggest that the aggregates might play protective functions during early desiccation-rehydration stress. Moreover, it seems glycation rather than protein aggregation is the main cause of E. coli death upon desiccation-rehydration stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Łupkowska
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Soroosh Monem
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Janusz Dębski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Stojowska-Swędrzyńska
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dorota Kuczyńska-Wiśnik
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Ewa Laskowska
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.
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22
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Hosseini S, Abediankenari S, Rasouli M. Serum total carbohydrates, conjugated carbohydrates and total protein glycation index in diabetes mellitus. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:375-381. [PMID: 37060503 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is defined according to fasting blood glucose and clinical signs. But, the markers of glycation have been used recently as a criterion to diagnose and monitor the therapy. OBJECTIVES To measure serum total- and conjugated- saccharides and to define the new marker as serum total protein glycation index (sTPGI ) for diabetes. DESIGN AND METHODS The study population consisted of 172 subjects who were divided to control and diabetic cases. Serum total and conjugated saccharides were measured and sTPGI was defined to discriminate serum glycosylated and glycated saccharides. RESULTS Patients with diabetes compared with the controls had increased levels of serum (free) glucose, HbA1c, serum total carbohydrates, total conjugated carbohydrates and sTPGI. All three indices of serum carbohydrates showed significant positive correlation with serum glucose, HbA1c and diabetes. The equations: sTPGI = 0.12 Glucose (mg/dL) + 12 and sTPGI = 3.5HbA1c (%) + 5, were deduced for the association of sTPGI with serum free glucose and HbA1c. In ROC analysis, both HbA1c (AUC = 0.965, p ≤ 0.001) and sTPGI (AUC = 0.734, p ≤ 0.001) had strong and significant efficiency to discriminate diabetic cases from control subjects. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm that sTPGI obtained by indirect assay has high significant efficiency comparable to HbA1c to diagnose diabetes. sTPGI relative to HbA1c indicates the mean level of glycaemia over a shorter period of about one month so it responds more quickly to changes in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Hosseini
- Department of, Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Saeid Abediankenari
- Immunogenetics Research Center and Department of Immunology,, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rasouli
- Department of, Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.
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23
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Rabbani N, Adaikalakoteswari A, Larkin JR, Panagiotopoulos S, MacIsaac RJ, Yue DK, Fulcher GR, Roberts MA, Thomas M, Ekinci E, Thornalley PJ. Analysis of Serum Advanced Glycation Endproducts Reveals Methylglyoxal-Derived Advanced Glycation MG-H1 Free Adduct Is a Risk Marker in Non-Diabetic and Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010152. [PMID: 36613596 PMCID: PMC9820473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) is linked to decline in renal function, particularly in patients with diabetes. Major forms of AGEs in serum are protein-bound AGEs and AGE free adducts. In this study, we assessed levels of AGEs in subjects with and without diabetes, with normal renal function and stages 2 to 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD), to identify which AGE has the greatest progressive change with decline in renal function and change in diabetes. We performed a cross-sectional study of patients with stages 2-4 CKD, with and without diabetes, and healthy controls (n = 135). Nine protein-bound and free adduct AGEs were quantified in serum. Most protein-bound AGEs increased moderately through stages 2-4 CKD whereas AGE free adducts increased markedly. Methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone MG-H1 free adduct was the AGE most responsive to CKD status, increasing 8-fold and 30-fold in stage 4 CKD in patients without and with diabetes, respectively. MG-H1 Glomerular filtration flux was increased 5-fold in diabetes, likely reflecting increased methylglyoxal glycation status. We conclude that serum MG-H1 free adduct concentration was strongly related to stage of CKD and increased in diabetes status. Serum MG-H1 free adduct is a candidate AGE risk marker of non-diabetic and diabetic CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Rabbani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Antonysunil Adaikalakoteswari
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - James R. Larkin
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Sianna Panagiotopoulos
- Endocrine Centre, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, West Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Richard J. MacIsaac
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Australian Centre for Accelerating Diabetes Innovations, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Dennis K. Yue
- Diabetes Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Gregory R. Fulcher
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Matthew A. Roberts
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia
| | - Merlin Thomas
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Elif Ekinci
- Endocrine Centre, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, West Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
- Australian Centre for Accelerating Diabetes Innovations, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Paul J. Thornalley
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-7090-1635
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24
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Masania J, Wijten P, Keipert S, Ost M, Klaus S, Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ. Decreased methylglyoxal-mediated protein glycation in the healthy aging mouse model of ectopic expression of UCP1 in skeletal muscle. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102574. [PMID: 36521306 PMCID: PMC9772855 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice with ectopic expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) in skeletal muscle exhibit a healthy aging phenotype with increased longevity and resistance to impaired metabolic health. This may be achieved by decreasing protein glycation by the reactive metabolite, methylglyoxal (MG). We investigated protein glycation and oxidative damage in skeletal muscle of mice with UCP1 expression under control of the human skeletal actin promoter (HSA-mUCP1) at age 12 weeks (young) and 70 weeks (aged). We found both young and aged HSA-mUCP1 mice had decreased advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) formed from MG, lysine-derived Nε(1-carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) and arginine-derived hydroimidazolone, MG-H1, whereas protein glycation by glucose forming Nε-fructosyl-lysine (FL) was increased ca. 2-fold, compared to wildtype controls. There were related increases in FL-linked AGEs, Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and 3-deoxylglucosone-derived hydroimidazolone 3DG-H, and minor changes in protein oxidative and nitration adducts. In aged HSA-mUCP1 mice, urinary MG-derived AGEs/FL ratio was decreased ca. 60% whereas there was no change in CML/FL ratio - a marker of oxidative damage. This suggests that, normalized for glycemic status, aged HSA-mUCP1 mice had a lower flux of whole body MG-derived AGE exposure compared to wildtype controls. Proteomics analysis of skeletal muscle revealed a shift to increased heat shock proteins and mechanoprotection and repair in HSA-mUCP1 mice. Decreased MG-derived AGE protein content in skeletal muscle of aged HSA-mUCP1 mice is therefore likely produced by increased proteolysis of MG-modified proteins and increased proteostasis surveillance of the skeletal muscle proteome. From this and previous transcriptomic studies, signaling involved in enhanced removal of MG-modified protein is likely increased HSPB1-directed HUWE1 ubiquitination through eIF2α-mediated, ATF5-induced increased expression of HSPB1. Decreased whole body exposure to MG-derived AGEs may be linked to increased weight specific physical activity of HSA-mUCP1 mice. Decreased formation and increased clearance of MG-derived AGEs may be associated with healthy aging in the HSA-mUCP1 mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinit Masania
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Patrick Wijten
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Susanne Keipert
- Department of Physiology of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Mario Ost
- Department of Physiology of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Susanne Klaus
- Department of Physiology of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany,University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutrition Science, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Naila Rabbani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Paul J. Thornalley
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK,Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar,Corresponding author. Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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25
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Fuentes-Lemus E, Reyes JS, López-Alarcón C, Davies MJ. Crowding modulates the glycation of plasma proteins: In vitro analysis of structural modifications to albumin and transferrin and identification of sites of modification. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:551-566. [PMID: 36336230 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.10.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Protein modification occurs in biological milieus that are characterized by high concentrations of (macro)molecules (i.e. heterogeneous and packed environments). Recent data indicate that crowding can modulate the extent and rate of protein oxidation, however its effect on other post-translational modifications remains to be explored. In this work we hypothesized that crowding would affect the glycation of plasma proteins. Physiologically-relevant concentrations of albumin (35 mg mL-1) and transferrin (2 mg mL-1) were incubated with methylglyoxal and glyoxal (5 μM-5 mM), two α-oxoaldehyde metabolites that are elevated in the plasma of people with diabetes. Crowding was induced by adding dextran or ficoll polymers. Electrophoresis, electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and mass spectrometry were employed to investigate the structural consequences of glycation under crowded conditions. Our data demonstrate that crowding modulates the extent of formation of transferrin cross-links, and also the modification pathways in both albumin and transferrin. Arginine was the most susceptible residue to modification, with lysine and cysteine also affected. Loss of 0.48 and 7.28 arginine residues per protein molecule were determined on incubation with 500 μM methylglyoxal for albumin and transferrin, respectively. Crowding did not influence the extent of loss of arginine and lysine for either protein, but the sites of modification, detected by LC-MS, were different between dilute and crowded conditions. These data confirm the relevance of studying modification processes under conditions that closely mimic biological milieus. These data unveil additional factors that influence the pattern and extent of protein modification, and their structural consequences, in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes-Lemus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
| | - Juan S Reyes
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camilo López-Alarcón
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
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26
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Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ. An Introduction to the Special Issue "Protein Glycation in Food, Nutrition, Health and Disease". Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13053. [PMID: 36361833 PMCID: PMC9656604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
On 20-24 September 2021, leading researchers in the field of glycation met online at the 14th International Symposium on the Maillard Reaction (IMARS-14), hosted by the authors of this introductory editorial, who are from Doha, Qatar [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Rabbani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Paul J. Thornalley
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
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27
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Que-Salinas U, Martinez-Peon D, Reyes-Figueroa AD, Ibarra I, Scheckhuber CQ. On the Prediction of In Vitro Arginine Glycation of Short Peptides Using Artificial Neural Networks. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:5237. [PMID: 35890916 PMCID: PMC9324327 DOI: 10.3390/s22145237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of diabetes is an increased modification of cellular proteins. The most prominent type of modification stems from the reaction of methylglyoxal with arginine and lysine residues, leading to structural and functional impairments of target proteins. For lysine glycation, several algorithms allow a prediction of occurrence; thus, making it possible to pinpoint likely targets. However, according to our knowledge, no approaches have been published for predicting the likelihood of arginine glycation. There are indications that arginine and not lysine is the most prominent target for the toxic dialdehyde. One of the reasons why there is no arginine glycation predictor is the limited availability of quantitative data. Here, we used a recently published high-quality dataset of arginine modification probabilities to employ an artificial neural network strategy. Despite the limited data availability, our results achieve an accuracy of about 75% of correctly predicting the exact value of the glycation probability of an arginine-containing peptide without setting thresholds upon whether it is decided if a given arginine is modified or not. This contribution suggests a solution for predicting arginine glycation of short peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulices Que-Salinas
- Centro de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91090, VER, Mexico;
| | - Dulce Martinez-Peon
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National Technological Institute of Mexico/IT, Monterrey 67170, NL, Mexico;
| | - Angel D. Reyes-Figueroa
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Col. Crédito Constructor, Benito Juárez, Mexico City 03940, DF, Mexico;
- Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas Unidad Monterrey, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (PIIT), Av. Alianza Centro No. 502, Apodaca 66628, NL, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Ibarra
- Independent Researcher, Monterrey 66620, NL, Mexico;
| | - Christian Quintus Scheckhuber
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
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28
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Ghosh A, Pawar AB, Chirmade T, Jathar SM, Bhambure R, Sengupta D, Giri AP, Kulkarni MJ. Investigation of the Captopril-Insulin Interaction by Mass Spectrometry and Computational Approaches Reveals that Captopril Induces Structural Changes in Insulin. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23115-23126. [PMID: 35847342 PMCID: PMC9280767 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications remarkably regulate proteins' biological function. Small molecules such as reactive thiols, metabolites, and drugs may covalently modify the proteins and cause structural changes. This study reports the covalent modification and noncovalent interaction of insulin and captopril, an FDA-approved antihypertensive drug, through mass spectrometric and computation-based approaches. Mass spectrometric analysis shows that captopril modifies intact insulin, reduces it into its "A" and "B" chains, and covalently modifies them by forming adducts. Since captopril has a reactive thiol group, it might reduce the insulin dimer or modify it by reacting with cysteine residues. This was proven with dithiothreitol treatment, which reduced the abundance of captopril adducts of insulin A and B chains and intact Insulin. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric analysis identified the modification of a total of four cysteine residues, two in each of the A and B chains of insulin. These modifications were identified to be Cys6 and Cys7 of the A chain and Cys7 and Cys19 of the B chain. Mass spectrometric analysis indicated that captopril may simultaneously modify the cysteine residues of intact insulin or its subunits A and B chains. Biophysical studies involving light scattering and thioflavin T assay suggested that the binding of captopril to the protein leads to the formation of aggregates. Docking and molecular dynamics studies provided insights into the noncovalent interactions and associated structural changes in insulin. This work is a maiden attempt to understand the detailed molecular interactions between captopril and insulin. These findings suggest that further investigations are required to understand the long-term effect of drugs like captopril.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ghosh
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Aiswarya B. Pawar
- Physical
and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Tejas Chirmade
- Chemical
Engineering and Process Development, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Swaraj M. Jathar
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rahul Bhambure
- Chemical
Engineering and Process Development, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Durba Sengupta
- Physical
and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashok P. Giri
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahesh J. Kulkarni
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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29
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Sies H, Belousov VV, Chandel NS, Davies MJ, Jones DP, Mann GE, Murphy MP, Yamamoto M, Winterbourn C. Defining roles of specific reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cell biology and physiology. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:499-515. [PMID: 35190722 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00456-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 212.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
'Reactive oxygen species' (ROS) is a generic term that defines a wide variety of oxidant molecules with vastly different properties and biological functions that range from signalling to causing cell damage. Consequently, the description of oxidants needs to be chemically precise to translate research on their biological effects into therapeutic benefit in redox medicine. This Expert Recommendation article pinpoints key issues associated with identifying the physiological roles of oxidants, focusing on H2O2 and O2.-. The generic term ROS should not be used to describe specific molecular agents. We also advocate for greater precision in measurement of H2O2, O2.- and other oxidants, along with more specific identification of their signalling targets. Future work should also consider inter-organellar communication and the interactions of redox-sensitive signalling targets within organs and whole organisms, including the contribution of environmental exposures. To achieve these goals, development of tools that enable site-specific and real-time detection and quantification of individual oxidants in cells and model organisms are needed. We also stress that physiological O2 levels should be maintained in cell culture to better mimic in vivo redox reactions associated with specific cell types. Use of precise definitions and analytical tools will help harmonize research among the many scientific disciplines working on the common goal of understanding redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Sies
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Christine Winterbourn
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Methylglyoxal and glyoxalase 1-a metabolic stress pathway-linking hyperglycemia to the unfolded protein response and vascular complications of diabetes. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:819-824. [PMID: 35635155 PMCID: PMC9152679 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The study of the glyoxalase system by Thornalley and co-workers in clinical diabetes mellitus and correlation with diabetic complications revealed increased exposure of patients with diabetes to the reactive, dicarbonyl metabolite methylglyoxal (MG). Twenty-eight years later, extended and built on by Thornalley and co-workers and others, the glyoxalase system is an important pathway contributing to the development of insulin resistance and vascular complications of diabetes. Other related advances have been: characterization of a new kind of metabolic stress—‘dicarbonyl stress’; identification of the major physiological advanced glycation endproduct (AGE), MG-H1; physiological substrates of the unfolded protein response (UPR); new therapeutic agents—‘glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) inducers’; and a refined mechanism underlying the link of dysglycemia to the development of insulin resistance and vascular complications of diabetes.
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AGEomics Biomarkers and Machine Learning-Realizing the Potential of Protein Glycation in Clinical Diagnostics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094584. [PMID: 35562975 PMCID: PMC9099912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein damage by glycation, oxidation and nitration is a continuous process in the physiological system caused by reactive metabolites associated with dicarbonyl stress, oxidative stress and nitrative stress, respectively. The term AGEomics is defined as multiplexed quantitation of spontaneous modification of proteins damage and other usually low-level modifications associated with a change of structure and function—for example, citrullination and transglutamination. The method of quantitation is stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This provides robust quantitation of normal and damaged or modified amino acids concurrently. AGEomics biomarkers have been used in diagnostic algorithms using machine learning methods. In this review, I describe the utility of AGEomics biomarkers and provide evidence why these are close to the phenotype of a condition or disease compared to other metabolites and metabolomic approaches and how to train and test algorithms for clinical diagnostic and screening applications with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity using machine learning approaches.
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Inkeri J, Adeshara K, Harjutsalo V, Forsblom C, Liebkind R, Tatlisumak T, Thorn LM, Groop PH, Shams S, Martola J, Putaala J, Gordin D. Glycemic control is not related to cerebral small vessel disease in neurologically asymptomatic individuals with type 1 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:481-490. [PMID: 34778921 PMCID: PMC8917104 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine if medium- and long-term blood glucose control as well as glycemic variability, which are known to be strong predictors of vascular complications, are associated with underlying cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) in neurologically asymptomatic individuals with type 1 diabetes. METHODS A total of 189 individuals (47.1% men; median age 40.0, IQR 33.0-45.2 years) with type 1 diabetes (median diabetes duration of 21.7, IQR 18.3-30.7 years) were enrolled in a cross-sectional retrospective study, as part of the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) Study. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values were collected over the course of ten years before the visit including a clinical examination, biochemical sampling, and brain magnetic resonance imaging. Markers of glycemic control, measured during the visit, included HbA1c, fructosamine, and glycated albumin. RESULTS Signs of cSVD were present in 66 (34.9%) individuals. Medium- and long-term glucose control and glycemic variability did not differ in individuals with signs of cSVD compared to those without. Further, no difference in any of the blood glucose variables and cSVD stratified for cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) or white matter hyperintensities were detected. Neither were numbers of CMBs associated with the studied glucose variables. Additionally, after dividing the studied variables into quartiles, no association with cSVD was observed. CONCLUSIONS We observed no association between glycemic control and cSVD in neurologically asymptomatic individuals with type 1 diabetes. This finding was unexpected considering the large number of signs of cerebrovascular pathology in these people after two decades of chronic hyperglycemia and warrants further studies searching for underlying factors of cSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Inkeri
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Krishna Adeshara
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Valma Harjutsalo
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ron Liebkind
- Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Turgut Tatlisumak
- Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena M Thorn
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Sara Shams
- Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Juha Martola
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jukka Putaala
- Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniel Gordin
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Guo C, Liu Z, Yu Y, Zhou Z, Ma K, Zhang L, Dang Q, Liu L, Wang L, Zhang S, Hua Z, Han X, Li Z. EGR1 and KLF4 as Diagnostic Markers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Associated With Immune Infiltration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:781207. [PMID: 35224035 PMCID: PMC8863960 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.781207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Formation and rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is fatal, and the pathological processes and molecular mechanisms underlying its formation and development are unclear. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has attracted extensive attention as a newly defined secretory organ, and we aim to explore the potential association between PVAT and AAA. Methods We analyzed gene expression and clinical data of 30 PVAT around AAA and 30 PVAT around normal abdominal aorta (NAA). The diagnostic markers and immune cell infiltration of PVAT were further investigated by WGCNA, CIBERSORT, PPI, and multiple machine learning algorisms (including LASSO, RF, and SVM). Subsequently, eight-week-old C57BL/6 male mice (n = 10) were used to construct AAA models, and aorta samples were collected for molecular validation. Meanwhile, fifty-five peripheral venous blood samples from patients (AAA vs. normal: 40:15) in our hospital were used as an inhouse cohort to validate the diagnostic markers by qRT-PCR. The diagnostic efficacy of biomarkers was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the ROC (AUC), and concordance index (C-index). Results A total of 75 genes in the Grey60 module were identified by WGCNA. To select the genes most associated with PVAT in the grey60 module, three algorithms (including LASSO, RF, and SVM) and PPI were applied. EGR1 and KLF4 were identified as diagnostic markers of PVAT, with high accurate AUCs of 0.916, 0.926, and 0.948 (combined two markers). Additionally, the two biomarkers also displayed accurate diagnostic efficacy in the mice and inhouse cohorts, with AUCs and C-indexes all >0.8. Compared with the NAA group, PVAT around AAA was more abundant in multiple immune cell infiltration. Ultimately, the immune-related analysis revealed that EGR1 and KLF4 were associated with mast cells, T cells, and plasma cells. Conclusion EGR1 and KLF4 were diagnostic markers of PVAT around AAA and associated with multiple immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Guo
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Zhou
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linfeng Zhang
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qin Dang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Hua
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Dual Nature of RAGE in Host Reaction and Nurturing the Mother-Infant Bond. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042086. [PMID: 35216202 PMCID: PMC8880422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glycation is an unavoidable reaction that occurs across biological taxa. The final products of this irreversible reaction are called advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). The endogenously formed AGEs are known to be bioactive and detrimental to human health. Additionally, exogenous food-derived AGEs are debated to contribute to the development of aging and various diseases. Receptor for AGEs (RAGE) is widely known to elicit biological reactions. The binding of RAGE to other ligands (e.g., high mobility group box 1, S100 proteins, lipopolysaccharides, and amyloid-β) can result in pathological processes via the activation of intracellular RAGE signaling pathways, including inflammation, diabetes, aging, cancer growth, and metastasis. RAGE is now recognized as a pattern-recognition receptor. All mammals have RAGE homologs; however, other vertebrates, such as birds, amphibians, fish, and reptiles, do not have RAGE at the genomic level. This evidence from an evolutionary perspective allows us to understand why mammals require RAGE. In this review, we provide an overview of the scientific knowledge about the role of RAGE in physiological and pathological processes. In particular, we focus on (1) RAGE biology, (2) the role of RAGE in physiological and pathophysiological processes, (3) RAGE isoforms, including full-length membrane-bound RAGE (mRAGE), and the soluble forms of RAGE (sRAGE), which comprise endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) and an ectodomain-shed form of RAGE, and (4) oxytocin transporters in the brain and intestine, which are important for maternal bonding and social behaviors.
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Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) of Lysine and Effects of Anti-TCR/Anti-TNF-α Antibody-Based Therapy in the LEW.1AR1 -iddm Rat, an Animal Model of Human Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031541. [PMID: 35163462 PMCID: PMC8915180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The LEW.1AR1-iddm rat is an animal model of human type 1 diabetes (T1D). Previously, we have shown that combination with anti-TCR/anti-TNF-α antibody-based therapy re-established normoglycemia and increased proteinic arginine-dimethylation in the spleen, yet not in the pancreas. High blood glucose is often associated with elevated formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) which act via their receptor (RAGE). Both anti-TCR and anti-TNF-α are inhibitors of RAGE. The aim of the present work was to investigate potential biochemical changes of anti-TCR/anti-TNF-α therapy in the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat. We determined by stable-isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) the content of free and proteinic AGEs and the Nε-monomethylation of lysine (Lys) residues in proteins of pancreas, kidney, liver, spleen and lymph nodes of normoglycemic control (ngCo, n = 6), acute diabetic (acT1D, n = 6), chronic diabetic (chT1D, n = 4), and cured (cuT1D, n = 4) rats after anti-TCR/anti-TNF-α therapy. Analyzed biomarkers included Lys and its metabolites Nε-carboxymethyl lysine (CML), furosine and Nε-monomethyl lysine (MML). Other amino acids were also determined. Statistical methods including ANOVA, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the effects. Most statistical differences between the study groups were observed for spleen, pancreas and kidney, with liver and lymph nodes showing no such differences. In the pancreas, the groups differed with respect to proteinic furosine (p = 0.0289) and free CML (p = 0.0023). In the kidneys, the groups differed with respect to proteinic furosine (p = 0.0076) and CML (p = 0.0270). In the spleen, group differences were found for proteinic furosine (p = 0.0114) and free furosine (p = 0.0368), as well as for proteinic CML (p = 0.0502) and proteinic MML (p = 0.0191). The acT1D rats had lower furosine, CML and MML levels in the spleen than the rats in all other groups. This observation corresponds to the lower citrullination levels previously measured in these rats. PCA revealed diametric associations between PC1 and PC2 for spleen (r = −0.8271, p < 0.0001) compared to pancreas (r = 0.5805, p = 0.0073) and kidney (r = 0.8692, p < 0.0001). These findings underscore the importance of the spleen in this animal model of human T1D. OPLS-DA showed that in total sixteen amino acids differed in the experimental groups.
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Herpich C, Kochlik B, Weber D, Ott C, Grune T, Norman K, Raupbach J. Fasting concentrations and postprandial response of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds 3-deoxyglucosone, glyoxal and methylglyoxal are not increased in healthy older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:934-940. [PMID: 34726231 PMCID: PMC9071428 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicarbonyl stress describes the increased formation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds and is associated with age-related pathologies. The role of dicarbonyl stress in healthy aging is poorly understood. In a preliminary study, we analyzed 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, namely 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), glyoxal (GO), and methylglyoxal (MGO) in plasma of older (25 months, n = 11) and younger (5 months, n = 14) male C57BL/6J (B6) mice via ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Postprandial 3-DG was higher in younger compared to older mice, whereas no differences were found for GO and MGO. Subsequently, in the main study, we analyzed fasting serum of older women (OW, 72.4 ± 6.14 years, n = 19) and younger women (YW, 27.0 ± 4.42 years, n = 19) as well as older men (OM, 74.3 ± 5.20 years, n = 15) and younger men (YM, 27.0 ± 3.34, n = 15). Serum glucose, insulin, 1,2-dicarbonyl concentrations, and markers of oxidative stress were quantified. In a subgroup of this cohort, an oral dextrose challenge was performed, and postprandial response of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, glucose, and insulin were measured. In women, there were no age differences regarding fasting 1,2-dicarbonyl concentrations nor the response after the oral dextrose challenge. In men, fasting MGO was significantly higher in OM compared to YM (median: 231 vs 158 nM, p = .006), whereas no age differences in fasting 3-DG and GO concentrations were found. Glucose (310 ± 71.8 vs 70.8 ± 11.9 min·mmol/L) and insulin (7 149 ± 1 249 vs 2 827 ± 493 min·µIU/mL) response were higher in OM compared to YM, which did not translate into a higher 1,2-dicarbonyl response in older individuals. Overall, aging does not necessarily result in dicarbonyl stress, indicating that strategies to cope with 1,2-dicarbonyl formation can remain intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catrin Herpich
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam - Rehbrücke, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, Nuthetal, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Bastian Kochlik
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam - Rehbrücke, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam - Rehbrücke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Christiane Ott
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam - Rehbrücke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam - Rehbrücke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina Norman
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam - Rehbrücke, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, Nuthetal, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Raupbach
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam - Rehbrücke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany
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Martinez-Majander N, Gordin D, Joutsi-Korhonen L, Salopuro T, Adeshara K, Sibolt G, Curtze S, Pirinen J, Liebkind R, Soinne L, Sairanen T, Sinisalo J, Lehto M, Groop PH, Tatlisumak T, Putaala J. Endothelial Dysfunction is Associated With Early-Onset Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke in Men and With Increasing Age. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020838. [PMID: 34227391 PMCID: PMC8483459 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.020838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to assess the association between endothelial function and early‐onset cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS), with subgroup analyses stratified by sex and age groups. Methods and Results We prospectively enrolled 136 consecutive patients aged 18 to 49 years (median age, 41 years; 44% women) with a recent CIS and 136 age‐ and sex‐matched (±5 years) stroke‐free controls. Endothelial function was measured with an EndoPAT 2000 device and analyzed as tertiles of natural logarithm of reactive hyperemia index with lower values reflecting dysfunction. We used conditional logistic regression adjusting for age, education, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, current smoking, heavy drinking, obesity, and diet score to assess the independent association between endothelial function and CIS. Patients in the lowest tertile of natural logarithm of reactive hyperemia index were more often men and they more frequently had a history of dyslipidemia; they were also more often obese, had a lower diet score, and lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the entire cohort, we found no association in patients with endothelial function and CIS compared with stroke‐free controls. In sex‐ and age‐specific analyses, endothelial dysfunction was associated with CIS in men (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.50 for lowest versus highest natural logarithm of reactive hyperemia index tertile; 95% CI, 1.22–10.07) and in patients ≥41 years (OR, 5.78; 95% CI, 1.52–21.95). These associations remained significant when dyslipidemia was replaced with the ratio of total to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusions Endothelial dysfunction appears to be an independent player in early‐onset CIS in men and patients approaching middle age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Martinez-Majander
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Helsinki Finland
| | - Daniel Gordin
- Abdominal Center Nephrology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki Finland.,Folkhälsan Institute of GeneticsFolkhälsan Research Center Helsinki Finland.,Joslin Diabetes Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Lotta Joutsi-Korhonen
- Coagulation Disorders Unit Department of Clinical Chemistry HUSLAB Laboratory ServicesHelsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Titta Salopuro
- Coagulation Disorders Unit Department of Clinical Chemistry HUSLAB Laboratory ServicesHelsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Krishna Adeshara
- Abdominal Center Nephrology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki Finland.,Folkhälsan Institute of GeneticsFolkhälsan Research Center Helsinki Finland.,Clinical and Molecular Metabolism Faculty of Medicine Research Programs University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Gerli Sibolt
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Helsinki Finland
| | - Sami Curtze
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Helsinki Finland
| | - Jani Pirinen
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Helsinki Finland.,Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine HUS Medical Imaging CenterHelsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Ron Liebkind
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Helsinki Finland
| | - Lauri Soinne
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Helsinki Finland
| | - Tiina Sairanen
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Helsinki Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Mika Lehto
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Abdominal Center Nephrology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki Finland.,Folkhälsan Institute of GeneticsFolkhälsan Research Center Helsinki Finland
| | - Turgut Tatlisumak
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Helsinki Finland.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Sweden.,Department of Neurology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Jukka Putaala
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Helsinki Finland
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Special issue on 'Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress, Aging and Nutrition in Human Studies'. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102059. [PMID: 34210644 PMCID: PMC8282506 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Sirangelo I, Iannuzzi C. Understanding the Role of Protein Glycation in the Amyloid Aggregation Process. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126609. [PMID: 34205510 PMCID: PMC8235188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein function and flexibility is directly related to the native distribution of its structural elements and any alteration in protein architecture leads to several abnormalities and accumulation of misfolded proteins. This phenomenon is associated with a range of increasingly common human disorders, including Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, type II diabetes, and a number of systemic amyloidosis characterized by the accumulation of amyloid aggregates both in the extracellular space of tissues and as intracellular deposits. Post-translational modifications are known to have an active role in the in vivo amyloid aggregation as able to affect protein structure and dynamics. Among them, a key role seems to be played by non-enzymatic glycation, the most unwanted irreversible modification of the protein structure, which strongly affects long-living proteins throughout the body. This study provided an overview of the molecular effects induced by glycation on the amyloid aggregation process of several protein models associated with misfolding diseases. In particular, we analyzed the role of glycation on protein folding, kinetics of amyloid formation, and amyloid cytotoxicity in order to shed light on the role of this post-translational modification in the in vivo amyloid aggregation process.
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