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Setyawati LU, Nurhidayah W, Khairul Ikram NK, Mohd Fuad WE, Muchtaridi M. General toxicity studies of alpha mangostin from Garcinia mangostana: A systematic review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16045. [PMID: 37215800 PMCID: PMC10196863 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha mangostin (AM), the main xanthone derivative contained in mangosteen pericarp (Garcinia mangostana/GM), has many pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antiproliferation, antiinflammatory, and anticancer. Several general toxicity studies of AM have been previously reported to assess the safety profile of AM. Toxicity studies were carried out by various methods such as on test animals, interventions, and various routes of administration, but the test results have not been well documented. Our study aimed to systematically summarizes research on the safety profile of GM containing AM through general toxicity tests to get the LD50 and NOAEL values, and so, can be used as a database related to AM toxicity profiles. This could facilitate other researchers in determining further development of GM-or-AM-based products. Pubmed, Google scholar, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO were chosen to collect the articles while ARRIVE 2.0 was used to evaluate the quality and risk-of-bias of the in vivo toxicity studies included in this systematic review. A total of 20 articles met the eligibility criteria and were reviewed to predict the LD50 and NOAEL of AM. The results showed that the LD50 of AM is between >15.480 mg/kgBW to ≤6000 mg/kgBW while the NOAEL value is between <100 and ≤2000 mg/kgBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luthfi Utami Setyawati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363 Sumedang, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Centre for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Wiwit Nurhidayah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363 Sumedang, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Centre for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Nur Kusaira Khairul Ikram
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Ezumi Mohd Fuad
- Programme of Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363 Sumedang, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Centre for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
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Sriboonyong P, Poommarin P, Sittiya J, Opanasopit P, Ngawhirunpat T, Patrojanasophon P, Pornpitchanarong C. The utilization of mangosteen pericarp extract for anticoccidial drug replacement in broiler feed. Int J Vet Sci Med 2022; 10:90-99. [PMID: 36304750 PMCID: PMC9578458 DOI: 10.1080/23144599.2022.2128271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of anticoccidial drugs in broilers has led to concerns, especially the drug residues in meat and the occurrence of drug resistance. This study aimed to extract, standardize, quantify and utilize mangosteen pericarp extract (MPE) containing α-mangostin as a replacement for anticoccidial drugs in broiler feed. The pericarp was acquired from different areas of Thailand and used for extraction and standardization. The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated. The extract was formulated into granules, and the flowability and stability of the granules were assessed. The MPE formulation was added to the broiler feed and then fed to the broilers that were infected with Eimeria tenella. The growth rate and intestinal lesion score (post-mortem) of the broilers were assessed. The pericarp obtained passed the identification test and phytochemical analyses. The active compound, α-mangostin, was best extracted using 95% ethanol. The MPE had superior antioxidant activity compared to standard antioxidants. Granules of the extract formulated with Avicel® PH102 provided desirable flowability and stability. The broilers fed with the feed containing 500 mg/kg α-mangostin showed a similar growth rate and post-mortem lesion score compared with the control group and those that received feed containing 60 mg/kg salinomycin. Our findings demonstrated that MPE with a high content of the active compound could be developed and used in place of anticoccidial drugs in the broiler feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichet Sriboonyong
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University, Petchaburi IT Campus, Thailand
| | - Pattaraporn Poommarin
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University, Petchaburi IT Campus, Thailand
| | - Janjira Sittiya
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University, Petchaburi IT Campus, Thailand
| | - Praneet Opanasopit
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Tanasait Ngawhirunpat
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Prasopchai Patrojanasophon
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chaiyakarn Pornpitchanarong
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Sarkar T, Salauddin M, Roy A, Sharma N, Sharma A, Yadav S, Jha V, Rebezov M, Khayrullin M, Thiruvengadam M, Chung IM, Shariati MA, Simal-Gandara J. Minor tropical fruits as a potential source of bioactive and functional foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6491-6535. [PMID: 35164626 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2033953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tropical fruits are defined as fruits that are grown in hot and humid regions within the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, covering most of the tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, Africa, Central America, South America, the Caribbean and Oceania. Depending on the cultivation area covered, economic value and popularity these tropical fruits are divided into major and minor tropical fruits. There is an annual increment of 3.8% in terms of commercialization of the tropical fruits. In total 26 minor tropical fruits (Kiwifruit, Lutqua, Carambola, Tree Tomato, Elephant apple, Rambutan, Bay berry, Mangosteen, Bhawa, Loquat, Silver berry, Durian, Persimon, Longan, Passion fruit, Water apple, Pulasan, Indian gooseberry, Guava, Lychee, Annona, Pitaya, Sapodilla, Pepino, Jaboticaba, Jackfruit) have been covered in this work. The nutritional composition, phytochemical composition, health benefits, traditional use of these minor tropical fruits and their role in food fortification have been portrayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Malda, India
| | - Molla Salauddin
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Mir Madan Mohanlal Govt. Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Nadia, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Nikita Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Apoorva Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Saanya Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Vaishnavi Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, Russian Federation
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies, and Management (The First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mars Khayrullin
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies, and Management (The First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ill-Min Chung
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies, and Management (The First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
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Tangphokhanon W, Pradidarcheep W, Lametschwandtner A. α-mangostin preserves hepatic microvascular architecture in fibrotic rats as shown by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts. Biomed Rep 2021; 14:48. [PMID: 33859819 PMCID: PMC8042669 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a dynamic condition caused by wound-healing in which scar tissue replaces the liver parenchyma following repetitive injuries. It is hypothesized that α-mangostin (AM), the major constituent of the xanthone fraction in extracts of Garcinia mangostana L., may protect the hepatic microvascular bed from thioacetamide (TAA)-induced fibrosis. In the present study, rats were divided into 4 groups: Control rats received no treatment; TAA-treated rats received 150 mg/kg TAA 3 times per week intraperitoneally; AM-treated rats received 75 mg/kg AM twice per week intraperitoneally; and TAA+AM-treated rats received both TAA and AM as described above. Rat livers were processed either for light microscopy or for vascular corrosion casting after 30 and 60 days of treatment. Vascular parameters were measured by 3D morphometry analysis of scanning electron micrographs. AM attenuated hepatocellular injuries and delayed both periportal and pericentral fibrosis in the TAA-treated rats. The comparison of findings at day 30 and 60 showed that TAA-induced fibrotic changes were progressive in time, and that the beneficial effects of AM only became apparent after prolonged treatment. The livers of rats treated with both TAA and AM had less space surrounding the portal vessels, improved preservation of the hepatic microvascular pattern, and minimally altered sinusoidal patterns with few signs of terminal portal venule remodeling. AM therefore partially protected the liver against hepatotoxin-induced fibrosis and the associated microvascular changes. The mechanism of the protective effect of AM on the liver remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasan Tangphokhanon
- Center of Excellence in Veterinary Biosciences, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Wisuit Pradidarcheep
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Alois Lametschwandtner
- Department of Biosciences, Vascular and Exercise Biology Unit, University of Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria
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Trang Phan TK, Tran TQ, Nguyen Pham DT, Nguyen DT. Characterization, Release Pattern, and Cytotoxicity of Liposomes Loaded With α-Mangostin Isolated From Pericarp of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostanaL.). Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20974559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L. is a rich source of α-mangostin, which exhibits a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. However, clinical use of this compound is limited due to its low water solubility. Therefore, its formulation with various delivery systems has been developed. In the present study, α-mangostin was isolated from G. mangostana pericarp extract and loaded onto newly synthesized liposomes. The system was evaluated for in vitro drug release at pH 5.5 and 7.4 during 96 hours of experiment, followed by cytotoxicity measurement against Hep-G2 cells. α-Mangostin was obtained in a high yield (1.86%) and its chemical structure was confirmed using nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The compound was then loaded onto liposomes with relatively high efficiency (55.3% ± 2.3%). The compound was released in a sustained manner and exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against Hep-G2 cells. The present study provides important insights into liposome applications for α-mangostin delivery, thus improving the compound’s limitations and enabling further in vivo studies on its safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kieu Trang Phan
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Toan Quoc Tran
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dung Thuy Nguyen Pham
- Center of Excellence for Biochemistry and Natural Products, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thanh Nguyen
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Methylated Xanthones from the Rootlets of Metaxya rostrata Display Cytotoxic Activity in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194449. [PMID: 32998226 PMCID: PMC7582535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The tree fern Metaxya rostrata (Kunth) C. Presl is common in the rainforests of Central and South America, where suspensions of the dried rhizome are traditionally used to treat intestinal diseases. Two compounds from this plant, 2-deprenyl-rheediaxanthone B (XB) and 2-deprenyl-7-hydroxy-rheediaxanthone B (OH-XB), have been shown to be biologically highly active against colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in previous studies. The current investigation resulted in the isolation of the previously undescribed methylated xanthones 2-deprenyl-6-O-methyl-7-hydroxy-rheediaxanthone B, 2-deprenyl-5-O-methyl-7-methoxy-rheediaxanthone B, 2-deprenyl-5-O-methyl- 7-hydroxy-rheediaxanthone B and 2-deprenyl-7-methoxy-rheediaxanthone B. All compounds were isolated by column chromatography, structures were elucidated by one- and two-dimensional NMR-experiments and the identities of the compounds were confirmed by LC-HRMS. In logarithmically growing SW480 CRC cell cultures, cytotoxicity by neutral red uptake and MTT assays as well as caspase activation was analyzed. Cellular targets were examined by Western blot, and topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibition potential was tested. Comparing the structure-activity relationship with XB and OH-XB, the monomethylated derivatives showed qualitatively similar effects/mechanisms to their nonmethylated analogues, while dimethylation almost abolished the activity. Inhibition of topo I was dependent on the presence of an unmethylated 7-OH group.
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Lin CS, Lin CL, Ying TH, Chiou HL, Hung CH, Liao WS, Hsieh YH, Kao SH. β-Mangostin inhibits the metastatic power of cervical cancer cells attributing to suppression of JNK2/AP-1/Snail cascade. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8446-8460. [PMID: 32324277 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
β-Mangostin is a natural mangostin with potent anticancer activity against various cancers. In this study, we further explored the anticancer activity of β-mangostin on cervical cancer cells. β-Mangostin did not affect cell viability and cell cycle distribution in HeLa and SiHa cells; however, it dose-dependently inhibited the migration and invasion of both the human cervical cancer cell lines. In addition, we observed that β-mangostin suppressed the expression of integrin αV and β3 and the downstream focal adhesion kinase/Src signaling. We also found that Snail was involved in the β-mangostin inhibited cell migration and invasion of HeLa cell. Then, our findings showed that β-mangostin reduced both nuclear translocation and messenger RNA expression of AP-1 and demonstrated that AP-1 could target to the Snail promoter and induce Snail expression. Kinase cascade analysis and reporter assay showed that JNK2 was involved in the inhibition of AP-1/Snail axis by β-mangostin in HeLa cells. These results indicate that β-mangostin can inhibit the mobility and invasiveness of cervical cancer cells, which may attribute to the suppression of both integrin/Src signaling and JNK2-mediated AP-1/Snail axis. This suggests that β-mangostin has potential antimetastatic potential against cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Shiang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ho Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chiou
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hung
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shan Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Cruz VS, Rodrigues FA, Braga KM, Machado PA, Bianchi Filho C, Prado YC, Araújo EG. β Lapachone blocks the cell cycle and induces apoptosis in canine osteosarcoma cells. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor of primitive bone cells with a high incidence in dogs and humans. The need for more effective drugs with less adverse consequences has pushed the development of chemotherapeutic agents from plants and other natural sources. The aim of this study was to verify the cytotoxic effects of β-lapachone, a compound present in the sawdust of Tabebuia sp. (popularly known as ipê) wood, on canine osteosarcoma cells subcultured and treated in different concentrations (0.1μm, 0.3μm e 1.0μm) and exposure times (24h, 48h e 72h). Results were obtained through Trypan blue dye exclusion, tetrazolium reducing method, cell survival assay, Annexin V-FITC and Propidium Iodine labeling, JC-1 dye labeling and cell cycle kinetics e analysis. The group treated with 0.3μm β-lapachone presented higher decrease in cell viability (80.27%, 24h, 47.41%, 48h and 35.19%, 72h) and greater progression of cytotoxicity (19.73%, 24h, 52.59%, 48h and 64.81%, 72h). The lower IC50 (0.180μm) was verified in the group treated for 72 hours. Cell growth after treatment decreased as concentration and time of exposure increased, with 0.50% survival fraction at the concentration of 1.0μm. Initial apoptosis was the most frequent type of cell death in all groups, reaching bottom in the 24-hour group treated with 0.1μm (4.26%) and peaking in the 72-hour group treated with 1.0μm (85.89%). Mitochondrial depolarization demonstrated a dose-dependent phenomenon, indicating the intrinsic apoptosis. Cell growth inhibition by blocking cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase related to the exposure the time. β-lapachone is cytotoxic for canine osteosarcoma cells, induces apoptosis and promotes cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase.
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Phan TKT, Shahbazzadeh F, Pham TTH, Kihara T. Alpha-mangostin inhibits the migration and invasion of A549 lung cancer cells. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5027. [PMID: 29967723 PMCID: PMC6022730 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated that α-mangostin exerts anti-metastasis and anti-subsistence effects on several types of cancer cells. Especially, the anti-metastatic effect of α-mangostin on cancer cells is a prospective function in cancer treatment. However, the metastasis process is complicated, and includes migration, invasion, intravasation, and extravasation; thus, the main target of anti-metastatic effect of α-mangostin is not known. In this study, we investigated the effects of α-mangostin on the invasion, subsistence, and migration of lung cancer cells under co-culture conditions with normal cells and regular mono-culture conditions. We found that α-mangostin killed the lung cancer and normal cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the alteration in the surface mechanical properties of cells was examined by using atomic force microscopy. Although the α-mangostin concentrations of 5 and 10 µM did not affect the short-term cell viability, they considerably decreased the Young's modulus of lung cancer cells implying a decline in cell surface actin cytoskeletal properties. Additionally, these concentrations of α-mangostin inhibited the migration of lung cancer cells. In co-culture conditions (cancer cells with normal cells), the invasive activities of cancer cells on normal cells were discernibly observed, and was inhibited after treatment with 5 and 10 µM of α-mangostin. Taken together, α-mangostin suppressed the subsistence of lung cancer cells and displayed anti-metastatic activities by inhibiting the migration and invasion, and reducing the actin cytoskeleton of cancer cells. Our findings suggest that α-mangostin could be a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kieu Trang Phan
- Department of Life and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fahimeh Shahbazzadeh
- Department of Life and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Thi Thu Huong Pham
- The Key Laboratory of Enzyme & Protein Technology (KLEPT), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Takanori Kihara
- Department of Life and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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Induction of Apoptosis and Inhibition of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition by α-Mangostin in MG-63 Cell Lines. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3985082. [PMID: 29853951 PMCID: PMC5944198 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3985082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone primary malignant tumor and nearly 30% of patients still die from osteosarcoma due to metastasis or recurrence. Thus, it is necessary to develop effective new chemotherapeutic agents for osteosarcoma treatment. α-Mangostin is a xanthone derivative shown to have antioxidant and anticarcinogen properties. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the antimetastatic effects of osteosarcoma remain unclear. In metastasis progression, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process that plays important roles in development, cell polarity, and increased invasion and migration. This study focused on the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of EMT process by α-mangostin in human osteosarcoma cell line MG63. α-Mangostin treatments on MG63 cells not only showed the several lines of evidence of apoptotic cell death but also inhibited cell migration, invasion, and EMT-inducing transcription factor. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the α-mangostin induces apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway and suppresses metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting EMT.
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11
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Park H, Park S, Bazer FW, Lim W, Song G. Myricetin treatment induces apoptosis in canine osteosarcoma cells by inducing DNA fragmentation, disrupting redox homeostasis, and mediating loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7457-7466. [PMID: 29663365 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Canine osteosarcoma is an aggressive primary bone tumor that shows metastasis to distal regions and is associated with a high mortality rate. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of canine osteosarcoma are not well characterized. In addition, development of prognostic factors and novel therapeutic agents is necessary to efficiently treat osteosarcoma. Therefore, we studied the effects of myricetin, an antioxidant found in berries, nuts, teas, wine, and vegetables, on apoptosis and signal transduction in the canine osteosarcoma cell lines, D-17 and DSN. Results of the present study demonstrated that treatment with myricetin decreased cell proliferation and DNA replication, while it increased apoptotic DNA fragmentation in D-17 and DSN cells. In addition, it increased generation of ROS, lipid peroxidation, and depolarization of MMP in both D-17 and DSN cells. Myricetin treatment activated phosphorylation of AKT, p70S6K, ERK1/2, JNK, and p90RSK in canine osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, inhibition of PI3K and MAPK using LY294002, U0126, or SP600125, in addition to myricetin treatment, effectively suppressed cell proliferation compared to treatment with myricetin or each inhibitor alone. Therefore, we concluded that myricetin may be a potentially effective and less toxic therapeutic agent to prevent and control progression of canine osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Ovalle-Magallanes B, Eugenio-Pérez D, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Medicinal properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.): A comprehensive update. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:102-122. [PMID: 28842267 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Garcinia mangostana L. (Clusiaceae) is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia known as mangosteen which fruits possess a distinctive and pleasant taste that has granted them the epithet of "queen of the fruits". The seeds and pericarps of the fruit have a long history of use in the traditional medicinal practices of the region, and beverages containing mangosteen pulp and pericarps are sold worldwide as nutritional supplements. The main phytochemicals present in the species are isoprenylated xanthones, a class of secondary metabolites with multiple reports of biological effects, such as antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hypoglycemic and anti-obesity. The diversity of actions displayed by mangosteen xanthones shows that these compounds target multiple signaling pathways involved in different pathologies, and place them as valuable sources for developing new drugs to treat chronic and degenerative diseases. This review article presents a comprehensive update of the toxicological findings on animal models, and the preclinical anticancer, analgesic, neuroprotective, antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of G. mangostana L. extracts and its main isolates. Pharmacokinetics, drug delivery systems and reports on dose-finding human trials are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Ovalle-Magallanes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Dianelena Eugenio-Pérez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
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Brito LDC, Berenger ALR, Figueiredo MR. An overview of anticancer activity of Garcinia and Hypericum. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:847-862. [PMID: 28363851 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide (approximately 8.2 million cases/year) and, over the next two decades, a 70% increase in new cancer cases is expected. Through analysis of the available drugs between the years of 1930 and 2014, it was found that 48% were either natural products or their derivatives. This proportion increased to 66% when semi-synthetic products were included. The family Clusiaceae Juss. (Malpighiales) includes approximately 1000 species distributed throughout all tropical and temperate regions. The phytochemical profile of this family includes many chemicals with interesting pharmacological activities, including anticancer activities. This study includes an overview of the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of secondary metabolites from Garcinia and Hypericum and the mechanisms involved in this activity. Hypericum no longer belong to Clusiaceae family, but was considered in the past by taxonomists, due to similarities with this family. Research in the area has shown that several compounds belonging to different chemical classes exhibit activity in several tumor cell lines in different experimental models. This review shows the significant antineoplasic activity of these compounds, in particular of these two genera and validates the importance of natural products in the search for anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavínia de C Brito
- Central Analítica Fernanda Coutinho, Instituto de Química, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Produtos Naturais 3 (PN3), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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14
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Aukkanimart R, Boonmars T, Sriraj P, Sripan P, Songsri J, Ratanasuwan P, Laummaunwai P, Boueroy P, Khueangchaingkhwang S, Pumhirunroj B, Artchayasawat A, Boonjaraspinyo S, Wu Z, Hahnvajanawong C, Vaeteewoottacharn K, Wongkham S. In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibitory Effects of α-Mangostin on Cholangiocarcinoma Cells and Allografts. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:707-713. [PMID: 28441703 PMCID: PMC5464488 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.3.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the anti-cholangiocarcinoma effect of α-mangostin from Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract (GM) in a human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell line and a hamster CCA allograft model. In vitro, human CCA cells were treated with GM at various concentrations and for different time periods; then cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis were evaluated using flow cytometry, and metastatic potential with wound healing assays. In vivo, hamster allografts were treated with GM, gemcitabine (positive control) and a placebo (negative control) for 1 month; tumor weight and volume were then determined. Histopathological features and immunostaining (CK19 and PCNA) characteristics were examined by microscopy. The present study found that α-mangostin could: inhibit CCA cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway; induce G1 cell-cycle arrest; and inhibit metastasis. Moreover, α-mangostin could inhibit CCA growth, i.e. reduce tumor mass (weight and size) and alter CCA pathology, as evidenced by reduced positive staining for CK19 and PCNA. The present study thus suggested that α-mangostin is a promising anti-CCA compound whose ready availability in tropical countries might indicate use for prevention and treatment of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchadawan Aukkanimart
- Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Sakonnakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thidarut Boonmars
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pranee Sriraj
- Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Sakonnakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Panupan Sripan
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Songsri
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Panaratana Ratanasuwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Porntip Laummaunwai
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Parichart Boueroy
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sukhonthip Khueangchaingkhwang
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Benjamabhorn Pumhirunroj
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Atchara Artchayasawat
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sirintip Boonjaraspinyo
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Zhiliang Wu
- Department of Parasitology Graduate School of Medicine Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chariya Hahnvajanawong
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Wu JJ, Ma T, Wang ZM, Xu WJ, Yang XL, Luo JG, Kong LY, Wang XB. Polycyclic xanthones via pH-switched biotransformation of α-mangostin catalysed by horseradish peroxidase exhibited cytotoxicity against hepatoblastoma cells in vitro. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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α-Mangostin Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5352412. [PMID: 27478478 PMCID: PMC4960343 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5352412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mangosteen has long been used as a traditional medicine and is known to have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Although the effects of α-mangostin, a natural compound extracted from the pericarp of mangosteen, have been investigated in many studies, there is limited data on the effects of the compound in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this study, α-mangostin was assessed as a potential anticancer agent against human OSCC cells. α-Mangostin inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell death in OSCC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner with little to no effect on normal human PDLF cells. α-Mangostin treatment clearly showed apoptotic evidences such as nuclear fragmentation and accumulation of annexin V and PI-positive cells on OSCC cells. α-Mangostin treatment also caused the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and the translocation of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol. The expressions of the mitochondria-related proteins were activated by α-mangostin. Treatment with α-mangostin also induced G1 phase arrest and downregulated cell cycle-related proteins (CDK/cyclin). Hence, α-mangostin specifically induces cell death and inhibits proliferation in OSCC cells via the intrinsic apoptosis pathway and cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, suggesting that α-mangostin may be an effective agent for the treatment of OSCC.
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Ibrahim MY, Hashim NM, Mariod AA, Mohan S, Abdulla MA, Abdelwahab SI, Arbab IA. α-Mangostin from Garcinia mangostana Linn: An updated review of its pharmacological properties. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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18
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A Method of Effectively Improved α-Mangostin Bioavailability. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2015; 41:605-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-015-0283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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REGAN RC, GOGAL RM, BARBER JP, TUCKFIELD RC, HOWERTH EW, LAWRENCE JA. Cytotoxic effects of loperamide hydrochloride on canine cancer cells. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76:1563-8. [PMID: 25649936 PMCID: PMC4300369 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Loperamide is a peripheral opiate agonist that can cause apoptosis and G2/M arrest in human cancer cell lines and may sensitize cells to chemotherapy. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of loperamide on viability, apoptosis and cell cycle kinetics in canine cancer cells and to establish whether the drug sensitizes cells to doxorubicin. Cell viability was assessed using Alamar Blue. Cell death and cell cycle were studied using flow cytometry with 7-Aminoactinomycin-D (7-AAD) and propidium iodide (PI), respectively. Loperamide decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent fashion and was most effective against canine osteosarcoma cells. In all cell lines, it induced a dose and time dependent apoptosis and resulted in accumulation in G0/G1. When co-incubated with doxorubicin, loperamide induced a synergistic cell kill in canine carcinoma cells. Investigation is warranted into the role of loperamide in the treatment of canine cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Cohen REGAN
- University of Georgia, Department of Small Animal Medicine
and Surgery, 501 DW Brooks Dr., Athens, GA 30602, U.S.A
| | - Robert Michael GOGAL
- University of Georgia, Department of Small Animal Medicine
and Surgery, 501 DW Brooks Dr., Athens, GA 30602, U.S.A
| | - James Perry BARBER
- University of Georgia, Department of Small Animal Medicine
and Surgery, 501 DW Brooks Dr., Athens, GA 30602, U.S.A
| | | | - Elizabeth Wynne HOWERTH
- University of Georgia, Department of Small Animal Medicine
and Surgery, 501 DW Brooks Dr., Athens, GA 30602, U.S.A
| | - Jessica Ann LAWRENCE
- University of Georgia, Department of Small Animal Medicine
and Surgery, 501 DW Brooks Dr., Athens, GA 30602, U.S.A
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BAI HYOUNGWOO, BADABOINA SRILATHA, PARK CHULHONG, CHOI BOYUN, NA YUNHEE, CHUNG BYUNGYEOUP. Centipedegrass extract induces apoptosis through the activation of caspases and the downregulation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK phosphorylation in leukemia cells. Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:511-8. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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21
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Ibrahim MY, Mohd Hashim N, Mohan S, Abdulla MA, Abdelwahab SI, Kamalidehghan B, Ghaderian M, Dehghan F, Ali LZ, Karimian H, Yahayu M, Ee GCL, Farjam AS, Mohd Ali H. Involvement of NF-κB and HSP70 signaling pathways in the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells induced by a prenylated xanthone compound, α-mangostin, from Cratoxylum arborescens. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:2193-211. [PMID: 25395836 PMCID: PMC4227646 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s66574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Cratoxylum arborescens has been used traditionally in Malaysia for the treatment of various ailments. Methods α-Mangostin (AM) was isolated from C. arborescens and its cell death mechanism was investigated. AM-induced cytotoxicity was observed with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Acridine orange/propidium iodide staining and annexin V were used to detect cells in early phases of apoptosis. High-content screening was used to observe the nuclear condensation, cell permeability, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cytochrome c release. The role of caspases-3/7, -8, and -9, reactive oxygen species, Bcl-2 and Bax expression, and cell cycle arrest were also investigated. To determine the role of the central apoptosis-related proteins, a protein array followed by immunoblot analysis was conducted. Moreover, the involvement of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was also analyzed. Results Apoptosis was confirmed by the apoptotic cells stained with annexin V and increase in chromatin condensation in nucleus. Treatment of cells with AM promoted cell death-transducing signals that reduced MMP by downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax, triggering cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to the cytosol. The released cytochrome c triggered the activation of caspase-9 followed by the executioner caspase-3/7 and then cleaved the PARP protein. Increase of caspase-8 showed the involvement of extrinsic pathway. AM treatment significantly arrested the cells at the S phase (P<0.05) concomitant with an increase in reactive oxygen species. The protein array and Western blotting demonstrated the expression of HSP70. Moreover, AM significantly blocked the induced translocation of NF-κB from cytoplasm to nucleus. Conclusion Together, the results demonstrate that the AM isolated from C. arborescens inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells, leading to cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death, which was suggested to occur through both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways with involvement of the NF-κB and HSP70 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yousif Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Najihah Mohd Hashim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Behnam Kamalidehghan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mostafa Ghaderian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Epigenetics Lab, HIR Building, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Firouzeh Dehghan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Landa Zeenelabdin Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hamed Karimian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maizatulakmal Yahayu
- Department of Bioproduct Research and Innovation, Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Gwendoline Cheng Lian Ee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hou CH, Lin FL, Hou SM, Liu JF. Hyperthermia induces apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum and reactive oxygen species in human osteosarcoma cells. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:17380-95. [PMID: 25268613 PMCID: PMC4227168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151017380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a relatively rare form of cancer, but OS is the most commonly diagnosed bone cancer in children and adolescents. Chemotherapy has side effects and induces drug resistance in OS. Since an effective adjuvant therapy was insufficient for treating OS, researching novel and adequate remedies is critical. Hyperthermia can induce cell death in various cancer cells, and thus, in this study, we investigated the anticancer method of hyperthermia in human OS (U-2 OS) cells. Treatment at 43 °C for 60 min induced apoptosis in human OS cell lines, but not in primary bone cells. Furthermore, hyperthermia was associated with increases of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase-3 activation in U-2 OS cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction was followed by the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, and was accompanied by decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and increased pro-apoptotic proteins Bak and Bax. Hyperthermia triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which was characterized by changes in cytosolic calcium levels, as well as increased calpain expression and activity. In addition, cells treated with calcium chelator (BAPTA-AM) blocked hyperthermia-induced cell apoptosis in U-2 OS cells. In conclusion, hyperthermia induced cell apoptosis substantially via the ROS, ER stress, mitochondria, and caspase pathways. Thus, hyperthermia may be a novel anticancer method for treating OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Ling Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 221, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Mon Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Fang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
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Raditic DM, Bartges JW. Evidence-based Integrative Medicine in Clinical Veterinary Oncology. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2014; 44:831-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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α-Mangostin suppresses the viability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pancreatic cancer cells by downregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:546353. [PMID: 24812621 PMCID: PMC4000937 DOI: 10.1155/2014/546353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
α-Mangostin, a natural product isolated from the pericarp of the mangosteen fruit, has been shown to inhibit the growth of tumor cells in various types of cancers. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. Here, we report that α-mangostin suppressed the viability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Treatment of pancreatic cancer BxPc-3 and Panc-1 cells with α-mangostin resulted in loss of cell viability, accompanied by enhanced cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, and decrease of cyclin-D1. Moreover, Transwell and Matrigel invasion assays showed that α-mangostin significantly reduced the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Consistent with these results, α-mangostin decreased the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, N-cadherin, and vimentin and increased the expression of E-cadherin. Furthermore, we found that α-mangostin suppressed the activity of the PI3K/Akt pathway in pancreatic cancer cells as demonstrated by the reduction of the Akt phosphorylation by α-mangostin. Finally, α-mangostin significantly inhibited the growth of BxPc-3 tumor mouse xenografts. Our results suggest that α-mangostin may be potentially used as a novel adjuvant therapy or complementary alternative medicine for the management of pancreatic cancers.
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Won YS, Lee JH, Kwon SJ, Kim JY, Park KH, Lee MK, Seo KI. α-Mangostin-induced apoptosis is mediated by estrogen receptor α in human breast cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 66:158-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Teh SS, Ee GCL, Mah SH, Lim YM, Ahmad Z. Cytotoxicity and structure-activity relationships of xanthone derivatives from Mesua beccariana, Mesua ferrea and Mesua congestiflora towards nine human cancer cell lines. Molecules 2013; 18:1985-94. [PMID: 23381024 PMCID: PMC6270040 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18021985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxic structure-activity relationships among a series of xanthone derivatives from Mesua beccariana, Mesua ferrea and Mesua congestiflora were studied. Eleven xanthone derivatives identified as mesuarianone (1), mesuasinone (2), mesuaferrin A (3), mesuaferrin B (4), mesuaferrin C (5), 6-deoxyjacareubin (6), caloxanthone C (7), macluraxanthone (8), 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (9), tovopyrifolin C (10) and α-mangostin (11) were isolated from the three Mesua species. The human cancer cell lines tested were Raji, SNU-1, K562, LS-174T, SK-MEL-28, IMR-32, HeLa, Hep G2 and NCI-H23. Mesuaferrin A (3), macluraxanthone (8) and α-mangostin (11) showed strong cytotoxicities as they possess significant inhibitory effects against all the cell lines. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that the diprenyl, dipyrano and prenylated pyrano substituent groups of the xanthone derivatives contributed towards the cytotoxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soek Sin Teh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Gwendoline Cheng Lian Ee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +603-8946-6785
| | - Siau Hui Mah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yang Mooi Lim
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zuraini Ahmad
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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