1
|
Viana MC, Alves-Pereira A, Oliveira MAP, Valença-Barbosa C, Folly-Ramos E, Souza AP, Takiya DM, Almeida CE. Population genetics and genomics of Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) in an area of high pressure of domiciliary infestation in Northeastern Brazil. Acta Trop 2024; 252:107144. [PMID: 38336343 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the population dynamics of vectors is crucial for effective control of vector-borne diseases. In the Northeastern Brazilian semi-arid region, Triatoma brasiliensis persists as the most significant Chagas disease vector, frequently displaying recurrent domiciliary infestations. This situation raises relevant public health concerns in the municipality of Currais Novos in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This area has experienced a high prevalence of peridomiciliary re-infestations by T. brasiliensis, coupled with elevated rates of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Therefore, we assessed the distribution of genetic variation via mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene (MT-CYB) sequencing (n = 109) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, n = 86) to assess the gene flow among distinct populations distributed in varied geographic spots and environments, mainly sylvatic and peridomiciliary. Insects were collected from rural communities at Currais Novos, enclosed within a 16 km radius. Sampling included 13 populations: one intradomiciliary, eight peridomiciliary, and four sylvatic. Furthermore, an external population located 220 km from Currais Novos was also included in the study. The method employed to obtain SNP information relied on ddRAD-seq genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), enabling a genome-wide analysis to infer genetic variation. Through AMOVA analysis of MT-CYB gene variation, we identified four distinct population groups with statistical significance (FCT= 0.42; p<0.05). We identified a total of 3,013 SNPs through GBS, with 11 loci showing putative signs of being under selection. The variation based on 3,002 neutral loci evidenced low genetic structuration based on low FST values (p>0.05), indicating local panmixia. However, resampling algorithms pointed out that three samples from the external population were assigned (>98 %) in a cluster contrasting from the ones putatively under local panmixia - validating the newly applied genome-wide marker for studies on the population genetics at finer-scale resolution for T. brasiliensis. The presence of population structuring in some of the sampled points, as suggested by the mitochondrial marker, leads us to assume that infestations were probably initiated by small populations of females - demographic event poses a risk for rapid re-infestations. The local panmictic pattern revealed by the GBS marker poses a challenge for vector control measures, as re-infestation foci may be distributed over a wide geographical and ecological range. In such instances, vectors exhibit reduced susceptibility to conventional insecticide spraying operations since sylvatic populations are beyond the reach of these interventions. The pattern of infestation exhibited by T. brasiliensis necessitates integrating innovative strategies into the existing control framework, holding the potential to create a more resilient and adaptive vector control program. In our dataset, the results demonstrated that the genetic signals from both markers were complementary. Therefore, it is essential to consider the nature and inheritance pattern of each marker when inferring the pattern of re-infestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Viana
- Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, IB, UNICAMP; Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância do Câncer (CONPREV), Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo A P Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética- IB, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Valença-Barbosa
- Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil; Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Fiocruz, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carlos E Almeida
- Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, IB, UNICAMP; Laboratorio de Entomologia, Instituto de Biologia, UFRJ.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Verly T, Pita S, Carbajal-de-la-Fuente AL, Burgueño-Rodríguez G, Piccinali RV, Fiad FG, Ríos N, Panzera F, Lobbia P, Sánchez-Casaccia P, Rojas de Arias A, Cavallo MJ, Gigena GV, Rodríguez CS, Nattero J. Relationship between genetic diversity and morpho-functional characteristics of flight-related traits in Triatoma garciabesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:145. [PMID: 38500121 PMCID: PMC10949591 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triatoma garciabesi, a potential vector of the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, which is the causative agent of Chagas disease, is common in peridomestic and wild environments and found throughout northwestern and central Argentina, western Paraguay and the Bolivian Chaco. Genetic differentiation of a species across its range can help to understand dispersal patterns and connectivity between habitats. Dispersal by flight is considered to be the main active dispersal strategy used by triatomines. In particular, the morphological structure of the hemelytra is associated with their function. The aim of this study was to understand how genetic diversity is structured, how morphological variation of dispersal-related traits varies with genetic diversity and how the morphological characteristics of dispersal-related traits may explain the current distribution of genetic lineages in this species. METHODS Males from 24 populations of T. garciabesi across its distribution range were examined. The cytochrome c oxidase I gene (coI) was used for genetic diversity analyses. A geometric morphometric method based on landmarks was used for morpho-functional analysis of the hemelytra. Centroid size (CS) and shape of the forewing, and contour of both parts of the forewing, the head and the pronotum were characterised. Length and area of the forewing were measured to estimate the aspect ratio. RESULTS The morphometric and phylogenetic analysis identified two distinct lineages, namely the Eastern and Western lineages, which coincide with different ecological regions. The Eastern lineage is found exclusively in the eastern region of Argentina (Chaco and Formosa provinces), whereas the Western lineage is prevalent in the rest of the geographical range of the species. CS, shape and aspect ratio of the hemelytra differed between lineages. The stiff portion of the forewing was more developed in the Eastern lineage. The shape of both portions of the hemelytra were significantly different between lineages, and the shape of the head and pronotum differed between lineages. CONCLUSIONS The results provide preliminary insights into the evolution and diversification of T. garciabesi. Variation in the forewing, pronotum and head is congruent with genetic divergence. Consistent with genetic divergence, morphometry variation was clustered according to lineages, with congruent variation in the size and shape of the forewing, pronotum and head.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaiane Verly
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos Malbrán" (ANLIS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Pita
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos Malbrán" (ANLIS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Romina V Piccinali
- Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA), CONICET/Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico G Fiad
- Cátedras de Introducción a la Biología y Morfología Animal, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Néstor Ríos
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Francisco Panzera
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Patricia Lobbia
- Unidad Operativa de Vectores y Ambiente (UnOVE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos Malbrán", Centro Nacional de Diagnostico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paz Sánchez-Casaccia
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos Malbrán" (ANLIS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | - María José Cavallo
- Centro Regional de Energía y Ambiente Para el Desarrollo Sustentable (CREAS-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Catamarca (UNCA), San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Gisel V Gigena
- Cátedras de Introducción a la Biología y Morfología Animal, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia S Rodríguez
- Cátedras de Introducción a la Biología y Morfología Animal, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Julieta Nattero
- Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA), CONICET/Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Correia N, Paschoaletto L, Reigada C, Gonçalves TCM, Moreira CJDC, Costa J. Experimental Hybrids of the Triatoma brasiliensis Species Complex Show Higher Susceptibility to the Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Than Their Parentals. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2850. [PMID: 38137994 PMCID: PMC10745812 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Triatoma brasiliensis species complex is a monophyletic group encompassing two subspecies and six species. Recently, a hybrid zone of members of this complex was recorded in the state of Pernambuco. Questions concerning the capability of the hybrids to become infected with Trypanosoma cruzi have been raised. This study aimed to compare the susceptibility of Triatoma b. brasiliensis, Triatoma juazeirensis, and their experimental hybrids to infection with T. cruzi. We infected the parentals and their experimental hybrids (obtained through reciprocal crosses) through artificial feeding with citrated rabbit blood, to which the TcI 0354 strain of T. cruzi had been added. The insects were weighed before and after feeding on the rabbit blood, and then they were dissected on the 10th, 20th, and 30th day after infection. Both the hybrids and the parentals remained infected throughout the experiment. The parasite was mostly found in the epimastigote form. The number of epimastigotes was significantly lower in the stomach and small intestine of T. juazeirensis than in the hybrids or in T. b. brasiliensis. A significantly higher percentage of metacyclic trypomastigotes was detected in the small intestine and rectum of the hybrids. Hybrids demonstrated higher susceptibility to the TcI 0354 strain than their parentals, opening up new avenues to be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Correia
- Entomology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;
| | - Letícia Paschoaletto
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Carolina Reigada
- Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, São Carlos University, UFSCAR, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil;
| | - Teresa Cristina Monte Gonçalves
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Entomological Surveillance of Diptera and Hemiptera, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;
| | | | - Jane Costa
- National and International Reference Laboratory in Taxonomy of Triatomines, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gómez-Palacio A, Pita S, Abad-Franch F, Monsalve Y, Cantillo-Barraza O, Monteiro FA, Pavan MG, Santos WS, Panzera A, Burgueño-Rodríguez G, Panzera F. Molecular and cytogenetic evidence for sibling species in the Chagas disease vector Triatoma maculata. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 37:316-329. [PMID: 36543747 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Triatoma maculata (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) occurs across dry-to-semiarid ecoregions of northern South America, where it transmits Trypanosoma cruzi, causative agent of Chagas disease. Using 207 field-caught specimens from throughout the species' range, mitochondrial(mt) DNA sequence data, and cytogenetics, we investigated inter-population genetic diversity and the phylogenetic affinities of T. maculata. Mitochondrial DNA sequence analyses (cytb and nd4) disclosed a monophyletic T. maculata clade encompassing three distinct geographic groups: Roraima formation (Guiana shield), Orinoco basin, and Magdalena basin (trans-Andean). Between-group cytb distances (11.0-12.8%) were larger than the ~7.5% expected for sister Triatoma species; the most recent common ancestor of these T. maculata groups may date back to the late Miocene. C-heterochromatin distribution and the sex-chromosome location of 45S ribosomal DNA clusters both distinguished Roraima bugs from Orinoco and Magdalena specimens. Cytb genealogies reinforced that T. maculata is not sister to Triatoma pseudomaculata and probably represents an early (middle-late Miocene) offshoot of the 'South American Triatomini lineage'. In sum, we report extensive genetic diversity and deep phylogeographic structuring in T. maculata, suggesting that it may consist of a complex of at least three sibling taxa. These findings have implications for the systematics, population biology, and perhaps medical relevance of T. maculata sensu lato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Gómez-Palacio
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Genética Evolutiva - LIGE, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Sebastián Pita
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fernando Abad-Franch
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Yoman Monsalve
- Grupo de Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas - BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Omar Cantillo-Barraza
- Grupo de Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas - BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fernando A Monteiro
- Laboratorio de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Márcio G Pavan
- Laboratorio de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Walter S Santos
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Alejandra Panzera
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Gabriela Burgueño-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular Humana, Centro Universitario Regional (CENUR) Litoral Norte-Sede Salto, Universidad de la República, Salto, Uruguay
| | - Francisco Panzera
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
High Parasitic Loads Quantified in Sylvatic Triatoma melanica, a Chagas Disease Vector. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121498. [PMID: 36558833 PMCID: PMC9785645 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatoma melanica is a sylvatic vector species in Brazil. In We aimed to characterize the Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units (DTUs), the parasitic loads, and the blood meal sources of insects collected in rocky outcrops in rural areas in the state of Minas Gerais. An optical microscope (OM) and kDNA-PCR were used to examine natural infection by T. cruzi, and positive samples were genotyped by conventional multilocus PCR. Quantification of the T. cruzi load was performed using qPCR, and the blood meal sources were identified by Sanger sequencing the 12S rRNA gene. A total of 141 T. melanica were captured. Of these, ~55% (61/111) and ~91% (63/69) were positive by OM and KDNA-PCR, respectively. We genotyped ~89% (56/63) of the T. cruzi-positive triatomines, with TcI (~55%, 31/56) being the most prevalent DTU, followed by TcIII (~20%, 11/56) and TcII (~7%, 4/56). Only TcI+TcIII mixed infections were detected in 10 (~18%) specimens. A wide range of variation in the parasitic loads of T. melanica was observed, with an overall median value of 104 parasites/intestine, with females having higher T. cruzi loads than N2, N4, and N5. TcII showed lower parasitic loads compared to TcI and TcIII. The OM positive diagnosis odds ratio between T. cruzi infection when the parasite load is 107 compared to 103 was approximately 29.1. The most frequent blood meal source was Kerodon rupestris (~58%), followed by Thrichomys apereoides (~18%), Wiedomys cerradensis (~8%), Galactis cuja (~8%) and Gallus gallus (~8%). Our findings characterize biological and epidemiological aspects of the sylvatic population of T. melanica in the study area, highlighting the need to extend surveillance and control to this vector.
Collapse
|
6
|
Revisiting the Genetic, Taxonomic and Evolutionary Aspects of Chagas Disease Vectors of the Triatoma phyllosoma Subcomplex (Hemiptera, Triatominae). DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14110978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Triatoma bassolsae, T. longipennis, T. mazzottii, T. pallidipennis, T. phyllosoma and T. picturata are species that have great epidemiological importance in the transmission of Chagas disease in Mexico. However, there is no consensus regarding the specific status of these species, since they appear in various articles as species, subspecies and even subgenera. Thus, we revisited genetic, taxonomic and evolutionary data that allowed us to assess and discuss the specific status of these six species of the T. phyllosoma subcomplex. Phylogenetic studies were performed with nuclear (18S, 28S, ITS-2) and mitochondrial (16S, cytb, COI, COII, 12S) markers deposited in GenBank. In addition, data from experimental crosses were pooled and the genetic distance to the cytb gene was calculated. The phylogenetic reconstruction enabled us to rescue the six species as independent lineages. Post-zygotic reproductive isolation barriers (sterility and/or hybrid collapse) were observed for some experimental crosses. Although the other experimental crosses did not allow us to characterize reproductive barriers, these species showed high genetic distances in relation to the cytb gene (ranging from 4.6% to 14.9%). Thus, based on the revisited literature data, we confirmed the specific status of these six species of the T. phyllosoma subcomplex based on the phylogenetic and biological concepts of the species.
Collapse
|
7
|
Costa J, Mallet JRS, Takiya DM. Cladomorphus petropolisensis, a New Species of Stick Insect from the Atlantic Forest, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202871. [PMID: 36290257 PMCID: PMC9597851 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The order Phasmatodea includes the longest Brazilian insects, known by their remarkable morphological and behavioural adaptations for camouflage such as sticks, moss, and leaves; they are predominantly nocturnal and phytophagous insects. Cladomorphus phyllinus Gray, 1835 is one of the most common and best-known stick insect species in Brazil. It feeds mainly on guava leaves, angico, and powder-puff, and reproduces sexually and asexually. Cladomorphus phyllinus presents marked sexual dimorphism in the adult: winged males are significantly smaller in size than females and can reach up to 13 cm, while females can reach 23 cm in length and are apterous. A female specimen collected in the Atlantic Forest in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was compared with a C. phyllinus specimen, identified according to published literature. The differences between the two specimens related to the general size and several morphological characters were observed. In order to add evidence that the recently collected specimen belonged to a species distinct from C. phyllinus, part of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was sequenced and analysed. The comparative analysis of the COI sequences from the two specimens revealed significant differences that, together with the morphological characters and recorded sympatry of the two specimens, support the existence of a new species, which is described here as Cladomorphus petropolisensis. Abstract Cladomorphus petropolisensis sp. nov., a new species of stick insect from Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is herein described and compared to the other sympatric species, C. phyllinus Gray, 1835 (Phasmatidae, Cladomorphinae). The description of the new species is supported by morphological and molecular evidence. Kimura-2-parameter (K2P) intraspecific COI divergences among the holotype of C. petropolisensis sp. nov. and C. phyllinus individuals ranged from 2.9% to 4.4%, which are suggestive of distinct species, especially when considering that all Cladomorphus individuals studied were collected in the Petrópolis municipality. The new species can be distinguished from C. phyllinus Gray, 1835 by several characteristics: smaller size, the presence of two spines on the hind femora, the relative longer length of the ovipositor, and spiny tegument, especially in the mesonotum, sculpturing of the operculum of the egg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Jacenir R. S. Mallet
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Daniela Maeda Takiya
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
da Silva LA, Belintani T, de Paiva VF, Nascimento JD, Ribeiro AR, Gardim S, Rocha CS, de Mello F, Obara MT, de Oliveira J, da Rosa JA. Integrative taxonomy and phylogenetic systematics of the Triatoma rubrovaria subcomplex (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Acta Trop 2022; 237:106699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
9
|
Morphological Stasis in Time? A Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis Study Using Geometric Morphometrics in the Long Run. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111362. [PMID: 35681826 PMCID: PMC9179344 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Triatomines are vector insects capable of transmitting the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, thus representing a health risk in several countries, especially in Central and South America. Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis, the main triatomine vector in northeastern Brazil, needs frequent monitoring as it is able to colonize various natural and artificial ecotopes as well as to infest domiciles. This research uses geometric morphometrics as a tool to evaluate changes in the morphology and analyze a large temporal dataset of 102 years of collections of T. b. brasiliensis. Finding novelty results which indicate a morphological stasis in the morphology. Abstract Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 is one of the most important vectors of Chagas disease in the Brazilian semiarid regions in the north-east. The risk imposed by T. b. brasiliensis to the human populations, due to frequent invasions and/or colonization of the domiciles, demands constant monitoring and control actions as well as an understanding of its evolutionary process. In this context, the following research studies the pattern of shape adaptation over time using a large dataset from 102 years of specimen collections in order to identify the morphological plasticity of this vector in Brazil. This dataset was analyzed using geometric morphometrics tools and the timescale was divided into eight different groups, containing specimens from 1912 to 2014. Geometric morphometrics analysis showed an interesting morphological stasis in the wing shape of T. b. brasiliensis, which allowed us to understand the high capacity of adaptation to changes in climate condition through time, and the invasive status which Triatoma species have around the world. Moreover, these results showed novel findings as an interesting phenotypic pattern, with no modifications in more than 100 years, leading us to understand the shape evolution in Triatominae as a vector species of diseases.
Collapse
|
10
|
de Paiva VF, Belintani T, de Oliveira J, Galvão C, da Rosa JA. A review of the taxonomy and biology of Triatominae subspecies (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Parasitol Res 2022; 121:499-512. [PMID: 34984541 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Due to its public health importance, as vectors of Chagas disease, the subfamily Triatominae, has received the attention of taxonomists. Knowing how to correctly identify these insects is of paramount importance for the surveillance and control of these vectors. Over many years, more than 40 triatomine subspecies were proposed. Infraspecific taxa are accepted as real entities in nature and recognized as biologically significant. Infraspecific diversity and population subdivision are frequently confused with the underlying mechanisms that lead to the formation of new species and species-level diversity. The distinction between infraspecific and interspecific divergence processes has received far less attention than species delimitation. In this work, new literature data on subspecies included in the subfamily Triatominae are presented. Data were compiled about Triatoma brasiliensis, Triatoma breyeri, Triatoma circummaculata, Triatoma dimidiata, Triatoma incrassata, Triatoma infestans, Triatoma phyllosoma, Triatoma protracta, Triatoma recurva, Triatoma rubida, Triatoma sanguisuga, Triatoma vitticeps, Panstrongylus megistus, Paratriatoma hirsuta, and Paratriatoma lecticularia subspecies. Although several of these subspecies have been synonymized, herein, we emphasize that some subspecies may be valid. Therefore, further studies are needed on the taxonomy, evolution, phylogeny, biogeography, ecology, physiology, and behavior of species to reinforce, or to invalidate the infraspecific status in the subfamily.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Fernandes de Paiva
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Belintani
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jader de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Entomologia Em Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional E Internacional de Referência Em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Revisiting the Hybridization Processes in the Triatoma brasiliensis Complex (Hemiptera, Triatominae): Reproductive Isolation between Triatoma petrocchiae and T. b. brasiliensis and T. lenti. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12111015. [PMID: 34821815 PMCID: PMC8621033 DOI: 10.3390/insects12111015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Although all triatomines are potential vectors of Chagas disease, there are species with greater or lesser vectorial importance. Therefore, the correct identification of triatomine species is essential for vector control programs. In general, triatomines are identified by external morphological characters. However, some species are very similar or even morphologically identical, making the use of complementary analyses for the correct identification of species important. For this reason, this study focused on the use of experimental crosses to assess the specific status of species of the Triatoma brasiliensis species complex. The crosses did not result in hybrids, demonstrating that there are pre-zygotic reproductive barriers installed between T. petrocchiae and the other species of the T. brasiliensis complex (which confirms the specific status of the species according to the biological species concept). On the basis of the results above, we demonstrated that T. petrocchiae is reproductively isolated from T. b. brasiliensis and T. lenti. Furthermore, we suggest that T. petrocchiae is the species most derived from the T. brasiliensis complex. Abstract Triatoma petrocchiae is a species morphologically similar to T. b. brasiliensis (which resulted in a synonymization event); despite this similarity, genetic, morphological, and experimental crossbreeding studies confirmed the specific status of T. petrocchiae. Considering that both species have been reported living in sympatry and that, for a long time, most species of the T. brasiliensis complex were considered only chromatic variants of T. b. brasiliensis, we carried out experimental crosses between T. b. brasiliensis and T. petrocchiae (to confirm whether these species are reproductively isolated) and between T. lenti and T. petrocchiae (to assess whether T. petrocchiae also presents prezygotic isolation with the other species of the T. brasiliensis complex). Reciprocal experimental crosses were conducted, and weekly, the eggs were collected, counted, and separated in new containers to assess the hatch rate. Neither cross resulted in hybrids, demonstrating that there are pre-zygotic reproductive barriers installed between T. petrocchiae and the other species of the T. brasiliensis complex. On the basis of the results above, we demonstrated that T. petrocchiae is reproductively isolated from T. b. brasiliensis and T. lenti. Furthermore, we suggest that T. petrocchiae is the species most derived from the T. brasiliensis complex.
Collapse
|
12
|
Lima-Neiva V, Toma HK, Abrantes Aguiar LM, Lopes CM, Dias LP, Monte Gonçalves TC, Costa J. The connection between Trypanosoma cruzi transmission cycles by Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis: A threat to human health in an area susceptible to desertification in the Seridó, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009919. [PMID: 34752464 PMCID: PMC8577756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of Chagas disease, possibly involving its vector Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis, was identified in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Given the historical significance of this vector in public health, the study aimed to evaluate its role in the transmission dynamics of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi in an area undergoing desertification in the Seridó region, RN, Brazil. We captured triatomines in sylvatic and anthropic ecotopes. Natural vector infection was determined using parasitological and molecular methods and we identified discrete typing units (DTUs) of T. cruzi by analyzing the COII gene of mtDNA, 24Sα rDNA, and mini-exon gene. Their blood meals sources were identified by amplification and sequencing of the mtDNA cytochrome b gene. A total of 952 T. b. brasiliensis were captured in peridomestic (69.9%) and sylvatic ecotopes (30.4%). A wide range of natural infection rates were observed in peridomestic (36.0% - 71.1%) and sylvatic populations (28.6% - 100.0%). We observed the circulation of TcI and TcII DTUs with a predominance of Tcl in sylvatic and peridomestic environments. Kerodon rupestris, rocky cavy (13/39), Homo sapiens, human (8/39), and Bos taurus, ox (6/39) were the most frequently detected blood meals sources. Thus, Triatoma b. brasiliensis is invading and colonizing the human dwellings. Furthermore, high levels of natural infection, coupled with the detection of TcI and TcII DTUs, and also the detection of K. rupestris and H. sapiens as blood meals sources of infected T. b. brasiliensis indicate a risk of T. cruzi transmission to human populations in areas undergoing desertification. Chagas disease currently affects about six to seven million people worldwide, resulting in high morbidity, mortality, and economic burden in endemic countries of Latin America. Its etiological agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, circulates among a wide variety of mammalian and insect vectors. Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis is adapted to the dry and warm climate of the Caatinga biome, and is considered the main vector in the semi-arid areas of northeastern Brazil. Information on the infestation, natural infection rates, T. cruzi strains, and blood meals sources of this vector is crucial for understanding the dynamics of T. cruzi transmission in areas susceptible to desertification. Triatoma b. brasiliensis colonizes peridomestic structures, particularly in the stone walls of cattle corrals that emerge as a refuge for sylvatic populations where they access a variety of blood meals sources. The predominance of the TcI strain in the sylvatic and peridomestic environments shows an overlap of transmission cycles by T. cruzi mediated by T. b. brasiliensis. The high rates of natural infection and the evidence of their feeding on humans and the rodent K. rupestris are worrisome and indicate the threat this vector poses to human health in the area studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lima-Neiva
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Helena Keiko Toma
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular e Hematologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Catarina Macedo Lopes
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz /FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Letícia Paschoaletto Dias
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Teresa Cristina Monte Gonçalves
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz /FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Madeira FF, Delgado LMG, Bittinelli IDF, de Oliveira J, Ravazi A, Dos Reis YV, de Oliveira ABB, Cristal DC, Galvão C, de Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, da Rosa JA, Alevi KCC. Triatoma sordida (Hemiptera, Triatominae) from La Paz, Bolivia: an incipient species or an intraspecific chromosomal polymorphism? Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:553. [PMID: 34706767 PMCID: PMC8555079 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04988-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triatoma sordida is one of the main Chagas disease vectors in Brazil. In addition to Brazil, this species has already been reported in Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It is hypothesized that the insects currently identified as T. sordida are a species subcomplex formed by three cytotypes (T. sordida sensu stricto [s.s.], T. sordida La Paz, and T. sordida Argentina). With the recent description of T. rosai from the Argentinean specimens, it became necessary to assess the taxonomic status of T. sordida from La Paz, Bolivia, since it was suggested that it may represent a new species, which has taxonomic, evolutionary, and epidemiological implications. Based on the above, we carried out molecular and experimental crossover studies to assess the specific status of T. sordida La Paz. Methods To evaluate the pre- and postzygotic barriers between T. sordida La Paz and T. sordida s.s., experimental crosses and intercrosses between F1 hybrids and between F2 hybrids were conducted. In addition, cytogenetic analyses of the F1 and F2 hybrids were applied with an emphasis on the degree of pairing between the homeologous chromosomes, and morphological analyses of the male gonads were performed to evaluate the presence of gonadal dysgenesis. Lastly, the genetic distance between T. sordida La Paz and T. sordida s.s. was calculated for the CYTB, ND1, and ITS1 genes. Results Regardless of the gene used, T. sordida La Paz showed low genetic distance compared to T. sordida s.s. (below 2%). Experimental crosses resulted in offspring for both directions, demonstrating that there are no prezygotic barriers installed between these allopatric populations. Furthermore, postzygotic barriers were not observed either (since the F1 × F1 and F2 × F2 intercrosses resulted in viable offspring). Morphological and cytogenetic analyses of the male gonads of the F1 and F2 offspring demonstrated that the testes were not atrophied and did not show chromosome pairing errors. Conclusion Based on the low genetic distance (which configures intraspecific variation), associated with the absence of prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers, we confirm that T. sordida La Paz represents only a chromosomal polymorphism of T. sordida s.s. Graphical abstract ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Fernandez Madeira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brasil
| | - Luiza Maria Grzyb Delgado
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Rua Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brasil
| | - Isadora de Freitas Bittinelli
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Rua Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brasil
| | - Jader de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brasil.,Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Amanda Ravazi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Rua Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brasil
| | - Yago Visinho Dos Reis
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Rua Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brasil
| | - Ana Beatriz Bortolozo de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brasil
| | - Daniel Cesaretto Cristal
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brasil
| | - Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brasil 4365, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, sala 505, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brasil.
| | - Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brasil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brasil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Rua Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brasil.,Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara, SP, 14801-902, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pinotti H, de Oliveira J, Ravazi A, Madeira FF, dos Reis YV, de Oliveira ABB, de Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, da Rosa JA, Alevi KCC. Revisiting the hybridization processes in the Triatoma brasiliensis complex (Hemiptera, Triatominae): Interspecific genomic compatibility point to a possible recent diversification of the species grouped in this monophyletic complex. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257992. [PMID: 34653197 PMCID: PMC8519420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatomines are hematophagous insects of great epidemiological importance, since they are vectors of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Triatoma brasiliensis complex is a monophyletic group formed by two subspecies and six species: T. b. brasiliensis, T. b. macromelasoma, T. bahiensis, T. juazeirensis, T. lenti, T. melanica, T. petrocchiae and T. sherlocki. The specific status of several species grouped in the T. brasiliensis complex was confirmed from experimental crossing and analysis of reproductive barriers. Thus, we perform interspecific experimental crosses between T. lenti and other species and subspecies of the T. brasiliensis complex and perform morphological analysis of the gonads and cytogenetic analysis in the homeologous chromosomes of the hybrids of first generation (F1). Besides that, we rescue all the literature data associated with the study of reproductive barriers in this monophyletic complex of species and subspecies. For all crosses performed between T. b. brasiliensis, T. b. macromelasoma, T. juazeirensis and T. melanica with T. lenti, interspecific copulas occurred (showing absence of mechanical isolation), hybrids were obtained, none of the male hybrids presented the phenomenon of gonadal dysgenesis and 100% pairing between the chromosomes homeologous of the hybrids was observed. Thus, we demonstrate that there are no pre-zygotic reproductive barriers installed between T. lenti and the species and subspecies of the T. brasiliensis complex. In addition, we demonstrate that the hybrids obtained between these crosses have high genomic compatibility and the absence of gonadal dysgenesis. These results point to reproductive compatibility between T. lenti and species and subspecies of the T. brasiliensis complex (confirming its inclusion in the complex) and lead us to suggest a possible recent diversification of the taxa of this monophyletic group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa Pinotti
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Jader de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Amanda Ravazi
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, IBB/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Fernandez Madeira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Yago Visinho dos Reis
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, IBB/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Ana Beatriz Bortolozo de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, IBB/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pinotti H, Alevi KCC, de Oliveira J, Ravazi A, Madeira FF, Dos Reis YV, de Oliveira ABB, de Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, da Rosa JA. Segregation of phenotypic characteristics in hybrids of Triatoma brasiliensis species complex (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 91:104798. [PMID: 33676012 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There are currently 156 species, grouped into 18 genera and five tribes included in the subfamily Triatominae. All of them are potential vectors of Chagas disease. Triatoma is paraphyletic and the species of this genus have been grouped into complexes and subcomplexes. Triatoma brasiliensis complex is a monophyletic group composed of eight taxa: T. b. brasiliensis, T. b. macromelanosoma, T. juazeirensis, T. sherlocki, T. petrocchiae, T. lenti, T. bahiensis, T. melanica. Experimental crosses have helped in systematic, taxonomic and evolutionary issues of these vectors. Based on this, we carried out experimental crosses between T. lenti and four other species of the T. brasiliensis complex and analyzed the segregation pattern of phenotypic characteristics of T. lenti, T. b. brasiliensis, T. b. macromelasoma, T. juazeirensis and T. melanica in the hybrids. The hybrids resulting from the crosses between T. b. brasiliensis ♀ x T. lenti ♂, T. juazeirensis ♀ x T. lenti ♂, and T. melanica ♀ x T. lenti ♂ showed segregation of characteristics of both parental species. On the other hand, the hybrids between T. lenti ♀ x T. juazeirensis ♂, T. b. macromelasoma ♀ x T. lenti ♂, and T. lenti ♀ x T. melanica ♂ showed a specific pattern of T. lenti, T. lenti and T. melanica, respectively. Thus, the pattern of segregation of morphological characteristics between species of the T. brasiliensis complex was characterized. These results highlight the importance of integrative taxonomy for the correct identification of Chagas disease vectors grouped in the T. brasiliensis complex if natural hybridization events occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa Pinotti
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rua Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jader de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ravazi
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rua Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fernandez Madeira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Letras e Ciências Exatas, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Yago Visinho Dos Reis
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rua Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Bortolozo de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Letras e Ciências Exatas, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Letras e Ciências Exatas, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rivas N, Sánchez-Cordero V, Camacho AD, Alejandre-Aguilar R. Morphological and Chromatic Variation in Four Populations of Triatoma mexicana (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:274-285. [PMID: 32901265 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triatoma mexicana is an endemic species of Mexico and is distributed in the states of Hidalgo, Queretaro, Guanajuato, and San Luis Potosi, being naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, which increases its importance in the region. The species description was made in 1848, but there are only a few studies on its morphology, biology, and behavior. The present manuscript shows the presence of morphological and chromatic variations among populations of T. mexicana from the states of Hidalgo (Valle del Mezquital and Meztitlan), Guanajuato and Queretaro. The study employed 136 specimens collected in four locations. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphological characteristics of the head, pronotum, and scutellum; also, we measured the width of the abdomen and the total length in the specimens of each population. The morphometric analysis considered 19 variables in the previous structures. Significant differences were found in the dimensions of the head and pronotum, but not in the scutellum; there is clear discrimination among the four proposed populations. The chromatic patterns observed in the connexivum go from yellow to brown and show some significant differences related to geographical origin. The set of evaluated characters showed a higher degree of difference in the population of Guanajuato, clearly separating from the rest of the populations, indicating the possibility of a divergence process. The characteristics observed in the remaining populations could be adaptive responses to their habitat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Rivas
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Victor Sánchez-Cordero
- Laboratorio de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito Zona Deportiva s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Alejandro D Camacho
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Alejandre-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, CDMX, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pita S, Gómez-Palacio A, Lorite P, Dujardin JP, Chavez T, Villacís AG, Galvão C, Panzera Y, Calleros L, Pereyra-Mello S, Burgueño-Rodríguez G, Panzera F. Multidisciplinary approach detects speciation within the kissing bug Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus populations (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2021; 116:e210259. [PMID: 35137904 PMCID: PMC8815762 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760210259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus (Hemiptera-Reduviidae) is a triatomine species with a wide geographic distribution and a broad phenotypic variability. In some countries, this species is found infesting and colonising domiciliary ecotopes representing an epidemiological risk factor as a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, etiological agent of Chagas disease. In spite of this, little is known about P. rufotuberculatus genetic diversity. METHODS Cytogenetic studies and DNA sequence analyses of one nuclear (ITS-2) and two mitochondrial DNA sequences (cyt b and coI) were carried out in P. rufotuberculatus individuals collected in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Mexico. Moreover, a geometric morphometrics study was applied to Bolivian, Colombian, Ecuadorian and French Guiana samples. OBJECTIVES To explore the genetic and phenetic diversity of P. rufotuberculatus from different countries, combining chromosomal studies, DNA sequence analyses and geometric morphometric comparisons. FINDINGS We found two chromosomal groups differentiated by the number of X chromosomes and the chromosomal position of the ribosomal DNA clusters. In concordance, two main morphometric profiles were detected, clearly separating the Bolivian sample from the other ones. Phylogenetic DNA analyses showed that both chromosomal groups were closely related to each other and clearly separated from the remaining Panstrongylus species. High nucleotide divergence of cyt b and coI fragments were observed among P. rufotuberculatus samples from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Mexico (Kimura 2-parameter distances higher than 9%). MAIN CONCLUSIONS Chromosomal and molecular analyses supported that the two chromosomal groups could represent different closely related species. We propose that Bolivian individuals constitute a new Panstrongylus species, being necessary a detailed morphological study for its formal description. The clear morphometric discrimination based on the wing venation pattern suggests such morphological description might be conclusive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tamara Chavez
- Instituto Nacional de Laboratorios de Salud, Bolivia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kamimura EH, Viana MC, Lilioso M, Fontes FHM, Pires-Silva D, Valença-Barbosa C, Carbajal-de-la-Fuente AL, Folly-Ramos E, Solferin VN, Thyssen PJ, Costa J, Almeida CE. Drivers of molecular and morphometric variation in Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Triatominae): the resolution of geometric morphometrics for populational structuring on a microgeographical scale. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:455. [PMID: 32894173 PMCID: PMC7487581 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi circulates in semiarid areas of northeastern Brazil in distinct ecotopes (sylvatic, peridomestic and domestic) where Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 is the most important Chagas disease vector. In this study, we analyzed microevolutionary and demographic aspects of T. brasiliensis populations at the ecotypic, micro and macro-geographic scales by combining morphometrics and molecular results. Additionally, we aimed to address the resolution of both markers for delimiting populations in distinct scales. Methods We sampled populations of T. brasiliensis from distinct ecotypic and geographic sites in the states Rio Grande do Norte (RN) and Paraíba (PB). The geometric morphometry was carried out with 13 landmarks on the right wings (n = 698) and the genetic structure was assessed by sequencing a region of cytochrome b mitochondrial gene (n = 221). Mahalanobis distance (MD) and coefficient of molecular differentiation (ΦST) were calculated among all pairs of populations. The results of comparisons generated MD and ΦST dendrograms, and graphics of canonical variate analysis (CVA). Results Little structure was observed for both markers for macro-geographic scales. Mantel tests comparing geographic, morphometric and genetic matrices showed low correlation (all R2 < 0.35). The factorial graphics built with the CVA evidenced population delimitation for the morphometric data at micro-geographic scales. Conclusions We believe that T. brasiliensis carries in its genotype a source of information to allow the phenotypical plasticity across its whole distribution for shaping populations, which may have caused a lack of population delimitation for CVAs in morphometric analysis for macro-geographic scale analysis. On the other hand, the pattern of morphometric results in micro-geographic scales showed well-defined groups, highlighting the potential of this tool to inferences on the source for infestation.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edgard H Kamimura
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Viana
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maurício Lilioso
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda H M Fontes
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dayane Pires-Silva
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Ana L Carbajal-de-la-Fuente
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos Malbrán" (ANLIS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Vera N Solferin
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Patricia J Thyssen
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/Fiocruz-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Almeida
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
de Oliveira J, Chaboli Alevi KC, Almeida CE, Mendonça VJ, Costa J, da Rosa JA. Triatoma brasiliensis species complex: characterization of the external female genitalia. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2020; 45:57-68. [PMID: 32492272 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Triatoma brasiliensis complex is composed of six species (Triatoma bahiensis, T. juazerensis, T. lenti, T. melanica, T. petrocchiae, and T. sherlocki) and two subspecies (T. brasiliensis brasiliensis and T. b. macromelasoma). Phylogenetic studies have shown that it is a monophyletic group, but the morphological relationships among the members can be better understood. We applied a tool of high resolution based on morphology to identify details that characterize the female genitals for each member of this group. The external genital structures of five to fifteen females of each taxon were analyzed. Insects had their abdomen transversely cut to separate the last abdominal segments, and representative illustrations obtained via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are shown. Observations were performed in the dorsal and the ventral views. The morphological characterization of female external genitalia allowed a differentiation of each species/subspecies. The subspecies T. b. brasiliensis and T. b. macromelasoma were the most similar. On the other hand, dorsal view of structures evidenced some unique characteristics for T. petrocchiae and T. sherlocki. Regarding these structures for T. petrocchiae, the differentiation was in accordance with molecular studies, since this species exhibits the highest genetic distances in relation to other species of T. brasiliensis complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jader de Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Brasil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Villacís AG, Dujardin JP, Panzera F, Yumiseva CA, Pita S, Santillán-Guayasamín S, Orozco MI, Mosquera KD, Grijalva MJ. Chagas vectors Panstrongylus chinai (Del Ponte, 1929) and Panstrongylus howardi (Neiva, 1911): chromatic forms or true species? Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:226. [PMID: 32375868 PMCID: PMC7201598 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04097-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chagas disease is a parasitic infection transmitted by “kissing bugs” (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) that has a huge economic impact in Latin American countries. The vector species with the upmost epidemiological importance in Ecuador are Rhodnius ecuadoriensis (Lent & Leon, 1958) and Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811). However, other species such as Panstrongylus howardi (Neiva, 1911) and Panstrongylus chinai (Del Ponte, 1929) act as secondary vectors due to their growing adaptation to domestic structures and their ability to transmit the parasite to humans. The latter two taxa are distributed in two different regions, they are allopatric and differ mainly by their general color. Their relative morphological similarity led some authors to suspect that P. chinai is a melanic form of P. howardi. Methods The present study explored this question using different approaches: antennal phenotype; geometric morphometrics of heads, wings and eggs; cytogenetics; molecular genetics; experimental crosses; and ecological niche modeling. Results The antennal morphology, geometric morphometrics of head and wing shape and cytogenetic analysis were unable to show distinct differences between the two taxa. However, geometric morphometrics of the eggs, molecular genetics, ecological niche modeling and experimental crosses including chromosomal analyses of the F1 hybrids, in addition to their coloration and current distribution support the hypothesis that P. chinai and P. howardi are separate species. Conclusions Based on the evidence provided here, P. howardi and P. chinai should not be synonymized. They represent two valid, closely related species.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita G Villacís
- Center for Research on Health in Latin America (CISeAL), School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador.,Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Dujardin
- Center for Research on Health in Latin America (CISeAL), School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador.,IRD, UMR 177 IRD-CIRAD INTERTRYP, Campus international de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
| | - Francisco Panzera
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - César A Yumiseva
- Center for Research on Health in Latin America (CISeAL), School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Sebastián Pita
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Soledad Santillán-Guayasamín
- Center for Research on Health in Latin America (CISeAL), School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Marco I Orozco
- Center for Research on Health in Latin America (CISeAL), School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Katherine D Mosquera
- Center for Research on Health in Latin America (CISeAL), School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador.,Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas - ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador
| | - Mario J Grijalva
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Prezygotic isolation confirms the exclusion of Triatoma melanocephala, T. vitticeps and T. tibiamaculata of the T. brasiliensis subcomplex (Hemiptera, Triatominae). INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 79:104149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
22
|
Lima-Oliveira TM, Fontes FVHM, Lilioso M, Pires-Silva D, Teixeira MMG, Meza JGV, Harry M, Fileé J, Costa J, Valença-Barbosa C, Folly-Ramos E, Almeida CE. Molecular eco-epidemiology on the sympatric Chagas disease vectors Triatoma brasiliensis and Triatoma petrocchiae: Ecotopes, genetic variation, natural infection prevalence by trypanosomatids and parasite genotyping. Acta Trop 2020; 201:105188. [PMID: 31545949 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Triatoma petrocchiae is the newly member of the Triatoma brasiliensis species complex. This species overlaps with T. brasiliensis in geographic and ecotypic occupation in the sylvatic habitat because both inhabit rocky outcrops in the semi-arid portion of Brazilian northeast. In this region T. brasiliensis is the most important Chagas disease vector because it constantly colonizes domiciles. In contrast, T. petrocchiae is rarely found in peri or intradomiciliary habitats - reason why little is known about this species. Therefore, Here, we present information for the first time on. the T. petrocchiae ecotopes, genetic diversity, Trypanosoma cruzi prevalence/genotyping in comparison to T. brasiliensis. We found T. brasilensis (N = 223) and T. petrocchiae (N = 69) in co-habitation in rocky outcrops in three Districts of Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte states. Forty-tree T. petrocchiae insects of eleven sampling spots (composing three geographic populations) were genotyped for the mitochondrial Cyt B gene and little geographic structure was observed. Tajima's D test suggested that species is evolving toward a mutation-drift equilibrium in our collection range. Sylvatic T. petrocchiae had 4% (3/68) of infected insects by T. cruzi, whereas T. brasiliensis had 26% (59/223). Fluorescent Fragment Length Barcoding demonstrated that all three T. petrocchiae harbored TcI whereas T. brasiliensis had TcI, but also TcIII, TcII/TcVI and T. rangeli genotype A, sometimes under mixed infections. None of infected T. petrocchiae were carrying mixed infections. However, this result should be confirmed using a larger pool of infected bugs. We here presented the first documentation of T. rangeli infecting T. brasiliensis. The finding of infected T. petrocchiae calls for constant vector monitoring because the epidemiologic scenario is dynamic and sylvatic vectors are progressively found in adaptation to anthropic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarcianne M Lima-Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB, Campus IV, Rio Tinto, Paraíba, 58297, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Fernanda von Hertwig M Fontes
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Maurício Lilioso
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Dayane Pires-Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Marta Maria Geraldes Teixeira
- Laboratório de Taxonomia e Filogenia de Tripanossomatídeos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Jose Gabriel Vergara Meza
- Laboratório de Taxonomia e Filogenia de Tripanossomatídeos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Myriam Harry
- CNRS-IRD-Univ. Paris-Sud, IDEEV, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex 91190, France
| | - Jonathan Fileé
- CNRS-IRD-Univ. Paris-Sud, IDEEV, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex 91190, France
| | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Valença-Barbosa
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Elaine Folly-Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB, Campus IV, Rio Tinto, Paraíba, 58297, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Almeida
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Molecular cytotaxonomy of the Triatoma brasiliensis species subcomplex (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Acta Trop 2020; 201:105225. [PMID: 31654646 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Triatoma genus is paraphyletic, and its species are grouped into complexes and subcomplexes. Given the fact that species that make up a given subcomplex generally share chromosomal traits, we analyzed the distribution of AT- and CG-rich DNA of the T. brasiliensis species subcomplex, in order to establish affinities among members of the T. brasiliensis subcomplex based on chromatin and chromosome traits and develop an identification key for the four monophyletic Triatoma subcomplexes from South America. All species exhibited a CG-rich X sex chromosome and autosomes, as well as an AT-rich Y sex chromosome. This feature can be used as a diagnostic characteristic to determine whether a given species is a member of the T. brasiliensis subcomplex, because it enables the differentiation of these species from all Triatoma of South America. Thus, we confirmed the chromosomal relationship of the T. brasiliensis species subcomplex and developed a dichotomous key based on the chromocenter to differentiate the species from this subcomplex from the other monophyletic Triatoma subcomplexes from South America.
Collapse
|
24
|
Enduring extreme climate: Effects of severe drought on Triatoma brasiliensis populations in wild and man-made habitats of the Caatinga. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007766. [PMID: 31600199 PMCID: PMC6805010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triatoma brasiliensis, a triatomine-bug vector of Chagas disease, evolved in the semiarid Caatinga, where it occupies rocky outcrops, shrubby cacti, and human dwellings. Dwellings and rocks are considered high-quality microhabitats for this saxicolous species, whereas cacti probably represent secondary, lower-quality microhabitats. This ‘microhabitat-quality hierarchy’ hypothesis predicts that T. brasiliensis populations occupying dwellings or rocks should endure harsh environmental conditions better than their cactus-living relatives. Methods/Findings We tested this prediction by comparing T. brasiliensis infestation (proportion of microhabitats with bugs), density (bugs per microhabitat), and crowding (bugs per infested microhabitat) in dwellings, rocks, and cacti sampled before and during the extreme drought that ravaged the Caatinga in 2012–2016. We used random-intercepts generalized linear mixed models to account for microhabitat spatial clustering and for variations in bug-catch effort; we assessed model performance and computed model-averaged effect estimates using Akaike’s information criterion. Pre-drought infestation was similar across microhabitat types; during the drought, infestation remained stable in dwellings and rocks but dropped in cacti. Pre-drought bug density declined from dwellings to rocks to cacti; an additional decline associated with the drought was largely comparable across microhabitats, albeit perhaps somewhat larger in cacti. Finally, pre-drought bug crowding was higher in dwellings than in rocks or cacti and changed little during the drought–possibly with a downward trend in dwellings and an upward trend in cacti. Conclusions Triatoma brasiliensis populations fared better in dwellings and rocks than in cacti during extreme drought. Estimates of microhabitat and drought effects on infestation, density, and crowding suggest that only a few cacti (versus many rocks and dwellings) represent good-quality habitat under such extremely harsh conditions. Our findings provide empirical support to the microhabitat-quality hierarchy hypothesis, and imply that T. brasiliensis can endure extreme climate by exploiting high-quality microhabitats, whether wild or man-made, in the semiarid Caatinga. Triatomine bugs, the vectors of Chagas disease, feed on vertebrate blood and occupy diverse microhabitats in close association with their hosts. Each bug species is adapted to particular, ‘primary’ microhabitats. Many species, however, also use ‘secondary’ microhabitats, sometimes including man-made structures. Secondary wild microhabitats are probably of lower overall quality than primary microhabitats, whereas human dwellings can be of higher overall quality if they provide a stable and abundant blood supply. This suggests that there may be a ‘hierarchy’ of triatomine microhabitat quality–top-quality dwellings, high-quality primary microhabitats, and low-quality secondary wild microhabitats. To test this hypothesis, we measured the impact of a severe drought on Triatoma brasiliensis populations living in dwellings and wild habitats, both primary (rocks) and secondary (shrubby cacti). Dwelling and rock bug populations remained largely stable during the drought, whereas most cactus-living populations either became extinct or shrunk to an undetectable size. A few cacti, however, supported relatively large bug colonies even during the drought, suggesting that they were of higher-than-average quality. Our findings provide support to the microhabitat-quality hierarchy hypothesis, and show that T. brasiliensis (and perhaps other triatomines) can endure extreme climate by exploiting (natural or man-made) high-quality microhabitats.
Collapse
|
25
|
Monteiro FA, Weirauch C, Felix M, Lazoski C, Abad-Franch F. Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography of the Triatominae, Vectors of Chagas Disease. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2019. [PMID: 29530308 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we review and update current knowledge about the evolution, systematics, and biogeography of the Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)-true bugs that feed primarily on vertebrate blood. In the Americas, triatomines are the vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Despite declining incidence and prevalence, Chagas disease is still a major public health concern in Latin America. Triatomines occur also in the Old World, where vector-borne T. cruzi transmission has not been recorded. Triatomines evolved from predatory reduviid bugs, most likely in the New World, and diversified extensively across the Americas (including the Caribbean) and in parts of Asia and Oceania. Here, we first discuss our current understanding of how, how many times, and when the blood-feeding habit might have evolved among the Reduviidae. Then we present a summary of recent advances in the systematics of this diverse group of insects, with an emphasis on the contribution of molecular tools to the clarification of taxonomic controversies. Finally, and in the light of both up-to-date phylogenetic hypotheses and a thorough review of distribution records, we propose a global synthesis of the biogeography of the Triatominae. Over 130 triatomine species contribute to maintaining T. cruzi transmission among mammals (sometimes including humans) in almost every terrestrial ecoregion of the Americas. This means that Chagas disease will never be eradicated and underscores the fact that effective disease prevention will perforce require stronger, long-term vector control-surveillance systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Araujo Monteiro
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Márcio Felix
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Lazoski
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Guerra AL, Borsatto KC, Teixeira NPD, Madeira FF, de Oliveira J, da Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, Alevi KCC. Revisiting the Homoploid Hybrid Speciation Process of the Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma Galvão, 1956 (Hemiptera, Triatominae) Using Cytogenetic and Molecular Markers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 100:911-913. [PMID: 30793690 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatomines are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. Although the evolutionary process in triatomine is considered as disruptive, cryptic speciation and homoploid hybridization also are possible modes of speciation. Several analyses suggested Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma as a product of hybridization between T. brasiliensis and Triatoma juazeirensis. Thus, we analyzed genetic characteristics (chromosomal analysis, genetic distance for the mitochondrial ND1 gene, and the pattern of bands of internal transcribed spacer [ITS]-1) of these species, with emphasis on the phenomenon of homoploid hybridization. All species showed the same cytogenetic characteristics, low genetic distance for ND1 gene, and the same pattern of ITS-1 bands. We consider that these genetic characteristics, together with the large chromatic polymorphism and the viability of experimental crosses possibly are due to the processes of introgression that these species suffered during the process of homoploid hybridization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Letícia Guerra
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelly Cristine Borsatto
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicolle Pagliusi Damiano Teixeira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fernandez Madeira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jader de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-Araraquara, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-Araraquara, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Tercília Vilela Azeredo-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nascimento JD, da Rosa JA, Salgado-Roa FC, Hernández C, Pardo-Diaz C, Alevi KCC, Ravazi A, de Oliveira J, de Azeredo Oliveira MTV, Salazar C, Ramírez JD. Taxonomical over splitting in the Rhodnius prolixus (Insecta: Hemiptera: Reduviidae) clade: Are R. taquarussuensis (da Rosa et al., 2017) and R. neglectus (Lent, 1954) the same species? PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211285. [PMID: 30730919 PMCID: PMC6366742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of subtle features as species diagnostic traits in taxa with high morphological similarity sometimes fails in discriminating intraspecific variation from interspecific differences, leading to an incorrect species delimitation. A clear assessment of species boundaries is particularly relevant in disease vector organisms in order to understand epidemiological and evolutionary processes that affect transmission capacity. Here, we assess the validity of the recently described Rhodnius taquarussuensis (da Rosa et al., 2017) using interspecific crosses and molecular markers. We did not detect differences in hatching rates in interspecific crosses between R. taquarussuensis and R. neglectus (Lent, 1954). Furthermore, genetic divergence and species delimitation analyses show that R. taquarussuensis is not an independent lineage in the R. prolixus group. These results suggest that R. taquarussuensis is a phenotypic form of R. neglectus instead of a distinct species. We would like to stress that different sources of evidence are needed to correctly delimit species. We consider this is an important step in understanding vectorial Chagas disease spread and transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Fabian C. Salgado-Roa
- Grupo de Genética Evolutiva, Filogeografía y Ecología de Biodiversidad Neotropical, Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Pardo-Diaz
- Grupo de Genética Evolutiva, Filogeografía y Ecología de Biodiversidad Neotropical, Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brasil
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Amanda Ravazi
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Jader de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Camilo Salazar
- Grupo de Genética Evolutiva, Filogeografía y Ecología de Biodiversidad Neotropical, Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Dale C, Almeida CE, endonça VJ, Oliveira J, da osa JA, Galvão C, Costa J. An updated and illustrated dichotomous key for the Chagas disease vectors of Triatomabrasiliensis species complex and their epidemiologic importance. Zookeys 2018; 805:33-43. [PMID: 30588153 PMCID: PMC6300697 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.805.25559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the subfamily Triatominae, Triatoma exhibits the largest number of species, which are arranged in complexes. For the T.brasiliensis species complex, recent investigations based on results of geometric morphometrics combined with phylogeny have provided evidence that it should be composed of seven species: T.brasiliensis, T.bahiensis, T.juazeirensis, T.lenti, T.melanica, T.petrocchiae, and T.sherlocki, in which T.brasiliensis is divided in two subspecies: T.b.brasiliensis and T.b.macromelasoma. A taxonomic key is presented to identify each taxon. Among members of this complex, T.b.brasiliensis is the most important in an epidemiologic context, due to its high prevalence in natural infection by Trypanosomacruzi combined with a pronounced adaptation to domiciliary habitats. However, some members may be currently invading and colonizing homes, a process known as domiciliation. Therefore, the key presented here may be potentially useful for researchers as well as those involved in vector control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Dale
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, BrazilLaboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Almeida
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de CampinasCamínasBrazil
| | - Vagner José endonça
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, BrazilUniversidade Federal do PiauíPiauíBrazil
| | - Jader Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, FCFAR/UNESP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”São PauloBrazil
| | - João Aristeu da osa
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, FCFAR/UNESP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”São PauloBrazil
| | - Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, BrazilInstituto Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, BrazilLaboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Alevi KCC, Garcia ACC, Guerra AL, Moreira FFF, de Oliveira J, Aristeu da Rosa J, de Azeredo Oliveira MTV. Triatoma vitticeps (Stal, 1859) (Hemiptera, Triatominae): A Chagas Disease Vector or a Complex of Vectors? Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:954-956. [PMID: 30141391 PMCID: PMC6159607 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatoma vitticeps is a Chagas disease vector that was found infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in homes. As this species is endemic from Brazil (Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro) and no study comparing the specimens from different Brazilian states was conducted, we analyzed the genetic distance (16S rDNA, Cyt b, and COI mitochondrial genes) and the chromosomal characteristics for T. vitticeps from Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and Espírito Santo. All specimens showed the same cytogenetic characteristics. On the other hand, the different mitochondrial genes demonstrated high intraspecific variation between the genetic distances of T. vitticeps from different states ranging from 2.3% to 7.2%. Based on this, our results suggest that possibly what is characterized as T. vitticeps is a complex of cryptic species (or subspecies).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ariane Cristina Caris Garcia
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Letícia Guerra
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jader de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nakad Bechara CC, Londoño JC, Segovia M, Leon Sanchez MA, Martínez P CE, Rodríguez R MM, Carrasco HJ. Genetic variability of Panstrongylus geniculatus (Reduviidae: Triatominae) in the Metropolitan District of Caracas, Venezuela. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 66:236-244. [PMID: 30240833 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Panstrongylus geniculatus has become the most frequently registered vector of Chagas disease in the metropolitan area of Caracas, Venezuela. This triatomine species has invaded urban areas in recent years and has been implicated in multiple oral outbreaks of Chagas disease in the region. The study of genetic variability and spatial structure in P. geniculatus populations can provide information about possible events of domiciliation and aid intervention programs against triatomine species rapidly adapting to urban ecotopes. We sequenced a region of the cytochrome-b gene in 114 specimens of P. geniculatus from the Metropolitan District of Caracas and assessed patterns of gene flow and phylogenetic relationships among these individuals. A total of 29 haplotypes were detected in the two sampled municipalities, Sucre and Libertador. Though high genetic connectivity was observed between the municipalities (FST = 0.10796; Nm = 11.20), subtle genetic structuring was also observed in particular geographic sub regions. Based on neutrality tests and the observed allele-frequency distribution, the Panstrongylus geniculatus population appears to be expanding and adapting to different microhabitats present in the study area. Our findings affirm the capacity of this insect to adapt to different environments and emphasize its principal role in the epidemiology of Chagas disease in northern Venezuela.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candy C Nakad Bechara
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Protozoarios, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Av. Los Ilustres, Los Chaguaramos, Caracas 1041, Venezuela
| | - Juan Carlos Londoño
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Protozoarios, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Av. Los Ilustres, Los Chaguaramos, Caracas 1041, Venezuela
| | - Maikell Segovia
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Protozoarios, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Av. Los Ilustres, Los Chaguaramos, Caracas 1041, Venezuela
| | - Meyber A Leon Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Protozoarios, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Av. Los Ilustres, Los Chaguaramos, Caracas 1041, Venezuela
| | - Clara E Martínez P
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Protozoarios, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Av. Los Ilustres, Los Chaguaramos, Caracas 1041, Venezuela
| | - Marlenes M Rodríguez R
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Protozoarios, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Av. Los Ilustres, Los Chaguaramos, Caracas 1041, Venezuela
| | - Hernan Jose Carrasco
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Protozoarios, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Av. Los Ilustres, Los Chaguaramos, Caracas 1041, Venezuela.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dorn PL, Justi SA, Dale C, Stevens L, Galvão C, Lima-Cordón R, Monroy C. Description of Triatoma mopan sp. n. from a cave in Belize (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Zookeys 2018:69-95. [PMID: 30057472 PMCID: PMC6058004 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.775.22553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, Triatomamopansp. n. is described based on five males and six females collected in the Rio Frio cave, Cayo District, Belize. This species is similar to Triatomadimidiata (Latreille), but can be distinguished by characters found on the pronotum, legs, and abdomen. Geometric morphometry and phylogenetic comparisons are also provided. Presently, the species is known only from the type locality and is a potential Chagas vector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Dorn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Loyola University New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Silvia A Justi
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,The Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Institution Museum Support Center, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746-2863, USA
| | - Carolina Dale
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lori Stevens
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Carlota Monroy
- LENAP, University of San Carlos, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nattero J, Piccinali RV, Macedo Lopes C, Hernández ML, Abrahan L, Lobbia PA, Rodríguez CS, Carbajal de la Fuente AL. Morphometric variability among the species of the Sordida subcomplex (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae): evidence for differentiation across the distribution range of Triatoma sordida. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:412. [PMID: 28877741 PMCID: PMC5585980 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sordida subcomplex (Triatominae) comprises four species, Triatoma garciabesi, T. guasayana, T. patagonica and T. sordida, which differ in epidemiological importance and adaptations to human environments. Some morphological similarities among species make taxonomic identification, population differentiation and species delimitation controversial. Triatoma garciabesi and T. sordida are the most similar species, having been considered alternatively two and a single species until T. garciabesi was re-validated, mostly based on the morphology of male genitalia. More recently, T. sordida from Argentina has been proposed as a new cryptic species distinguishable from T. sordida from Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay by cytogenetics. We studied linear and geometric morphometry of the head, wings and pronotum in populations of these species aiming to find phenotypic markers for their discrimination, especially between T. sordida and T. garciabesi, and if any set of variables that validates T. sordida from Argentina as a new species. RESULTS Head width and pronotum length were the linear variables that best differentiated species. Geometric morphometry revealed significant Mahalanobis distances in wing shape between all pairwise comparisons. Triatoma patagonica exhibited the best discrimination and T. garciabesi overlapped the distribution of the other species in the morphometric space of the first two DFA axes. Head shape showed differentiation between all pairs of species except for T. garciabesi and T. sordida. Pronotum shape did not differentiate T. garciabesi from T. guasayana. The comparison between T. garciabesi and T. sordida from Argentina and T. sordida from Brazil and Bolivia revealed low differentiation based on head and pronotum linear measurements. Pronotum and wing shape were different between T. garciabesi and T. sordida from Brazil and Bolivia and T. sordida from Argentina. Head shape did not differentiate T. garciabesi from T. sordida from Argentina. CONCLUSIONS Wing shape best delimited the four species phenotypically. The proposed cryptic species, T. sordida from Argentina, differed from T. sordida from Brazil and Bolivia in all measured shape traits, suggesting that the putative new species may not be cryptic. Additional studies integrating cytogenetic, phenotypic and molecular markers, as well as cross-breeding experiments are needed to confirm if these three entities represent true biological species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Nattero
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución/Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Valeria Piccinali
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución/Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catarina Macedo Lopes
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900 Brazil
| | - María Laura Hernández
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y de Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja (CRILAR-CONICET), Entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, 5301 La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Luciana Abrahan
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y de Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja (CRILAR-CONICET), Entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, 5301 La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Patricia Alejandra Lobbia
- Centro de Referencia de Vectores, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Hospital Colonia, Pabellón Rawson calle s/n, X5164 Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba Argentina
| | - Claudia Susana Rodríguez
- Intituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, CONICET, FCEFyN, UNC, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Laura Carbajal de la Fuente
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución/Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gehara M, Garda AA, Werneck FP, Oliveira EF, Fonseca EM, Camurugi F, Magalhães FDM, Lanna FM, Sites JW, Marques R, Silveira‐Filho R, São Pedro VA, Colli GR, Costa GC, Burbrink FT. Estimating synchronous demographic changes across populations using
hABC
and its application for a herpetological community from northeastern Brazil. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:4756-4771. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gehara
- Department of Herpetology American Museum of Natural History New York NY USA
| | - Adrian A. Garda
- Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia Centro de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Lagoa Nova Natal RN Brazil
| | - Fernanda P. Werneck
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade Programa de Coleções Científicas Biológicas Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) Manaus AM Brazil
| | - Eliana F. Oliveira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Lagoa Nova Natal, RN Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Laboratório de Zoologia Cidade Universitária Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grand MS Brazil
| | - Emanuel M. Fonseca
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Lagoa Nova Natal, RN Brazil
| | - Felipe Camurugi
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil
| | - Felipe de M. Magalhães
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil
| | - Flávia M. Lanna
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Lagoa Nova Natal, RN Brazil
| | - Jack W. Sites
- Department of Biology and Bean Life Science Museum Brigham Young University Provo UT USA
| | - Ricardo Marques
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil
| | - Ricardo Silveira‐Filho
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil
| | - Vinícius A. São Pedro
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Lagoa Nova Natal, RN Brazil
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza Universidade Federal de São Carlos Buri SP Brazil
| | - Guarino R. Colli
- Departamento de Zoologia Universidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - Gabriel C. Costa
- Department of Biology Auburn University at Montgomery Montgomery AL USA
| | - Frank T. Burbrink
- Department of Herpetology American Museum of Natural History New York NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Carvalho BM, Rangel EF, Vale MM. Evaluation of the impacts of climate change on disease vectors through ecological niche modelling. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2017; 107:419-430. [PMID: 27974065 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485316001097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases are exceptionally sensitive to climate change. Predicting vector occurrence in specific regions is a challenge that disease control programs must meet in order to plan and execute control interventions and climate change adaptation measures. Recently, an increasing number of scientific articles have applied ecological niche modelling (ENM) to study medically important insects and ticks. With a myriad of available methods, it is challenging to interpret their results. Here we review the future projections of disease vectors produced by ENM, and assess their trends and limitations. Tropical regions are currently occupied by many vector species; but future projections indicate poleward expansions of suitable climates for their occurrence and, therefore, entomological surveillance must be continuously done in areas projected to become suitable. The most commonly applied methods were the maximum entropy algorithm, generalized linear models, the genetic algorithm for rule set prediction, and discriminant analysis. Lack of consideration of the full-known current distribution of the target species on models with future projections has led to questionable predictions. We conclude that there is no ideal 'gold standard' method to model vector distributions; researchers are encouraged to test different methods for the same data. Such practice is becoming common in the field of ENM, but still lags behind in studies of disease vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B M Carvalho
- Laboratório de Vertebrados,Instituto de Biologia,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil
| | - E F Rangel
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil
| | - M M Vale
- Laboratório de Vertebrados,Instituto de Biologia,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lima-Neiva V, Gonçalves TCM, Bastos LS, Gumiel M, Correia NC, Silva CC, Almeida CE, Costa J. Biology of Triatoma sherlocki (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) Under Laboratory Conditions: Biological Cycle and Resistance to Starvation. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 54:831-836. [PMID: 28399226 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Triatoma sherlocki Papa, Jurberg, Carcavallo, Cerqueira & Barata was described in 2002, based on specimens caught in the wild in the municipality of Gentio do Ouro, Bahia, Brazil. In 2009, nymphs and adults were detected inside homes and sylvatic specimens were positive for Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas). No information on the bionomics of T. sherlocki exists, although such data are considered essential to estimate its vector and colonization potential in domestic environments. Herein, the biological cycle of T. sherlocki was studied based on 123 eggs, with nymphs and adults fed on Mus musculus (Linnaeus). Nymphal development time phases, number of meals consumed, and stage-specific mortality rates were analyzed. Survival time under starvation conditions was measured between ecdysis and death among 50 nymphs (first to fifth instar) and 50 male and female adults. The median development time from egg to adult was 621.0 (CI: 489-656) d. The number of meals consumed ranged from 1 to 20 for nymphs of the first to fifth instar. The fifth instar showed the greatest resistance to starvation, with a mean of 156.5 d. The high number of meals consumed by T. sherlocki favored infection with and transmission of T. cruzi. The full development of this species under laboratory conditions with a low mortality rate indicates that this vector presents biological characteristics that may contribute to its adaptation to artificial human ecotopes. Its high resistance to starvation emphasizes the importance of entomological surveillance for this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lima-Neiva
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica. Avenida Brasil, nº 4365, sala 211, Pavilhão Mourisco, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-900, Brasil
| | - Teresa C M Gonçalves
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brasil
| | - Leonardo S Bastos
- Programa de computação científica (PROCC) da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brasil
| | - Marcia Gumiel
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brasil
| | - Nathália C Correia
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica. Avenida Brasil, nº 4365, sala 211, Pavilhão Mourisco, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-900, Brasil
| | - Catia C Silva
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brasil
| | - Carlos E Almeida
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas UNESP, São Paulo 14801-902, Brasil
| | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica. Avenida Brasil, nº 4365, sala 211, Pavilhão Mourisco, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-900, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Oliveira J, Marcet PL, Takiya DM, Mendonça VJ, Belintani T, Bargues MD, Mateo L, Chagas V, Folly-Ramos E, Cordeiro-Estrela P, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Costa J, da Rosa JA, Almeida CE. Combined phylogenetic and morphometric information to delimit and unify the Triatoma brasiliensis species complex and the Brasiliensis subcomplex. Acta Trop 2017; 170:140-148. [PMID: 28219669 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
"Triatoma brasiliensis species complex" was defined as a monophyletic group of the species: T. brasiliensis, T. juazeirensis, T. melanica, and T. sherlocki. An alternative grouping scheme proposed the concept of "Brasiliensis subcomplex" which included the former species together with T. melanocephala, T. petrocchiae, T. lenti, T. tibiamaculata, and T. vitticeps. To evaluate the relationship among these taxa we combined the results obtained with four mitochondrial genes (12S, 16S, COI and Cytb, adding to 1811bp) and geometric morphometric analysis of wings and heads. Panstrongylus megistus was included in the analysis as it was previously found related to T. tibiamaculata, T. melanocephala and T. vitticeps. The results of both molecular and morphometric approaches clearly grouped the species analyzed into two monophyletic units, supported by both genetic and wing variability. The first one (G1) comprises the four species originally included in the T. brasiliensis species complex plus T. lenti and T. petrocchiae. The second group (G2) was composed by T. melanocephala, T. tibiamaculata and T. vitticeps, and remarkably, P. megistus if considering wing variability and phylogenetic results. Nevertheless, geometric morphometrics of heads provided a quantitative measurement that discriminates Panstrongylus from the Triatoma species based on the position of the antennal insertion relative to eyes, as it is used as the generic distinctive character. The discrepancy among approaches questions the validity of this character to define Panstrongylus genus. Independently of the chosen group definition -"T. brasiliensis species complex" or "Brasiliensis subcomplex"-we propose to delimit it to species of G1 that are all associated with the Caatinga biome in the Brazilian Northeast. G2 are the ones associated with the Atlantic Forest biome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jader Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Brazil
| | - Paula L Marcet
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, USA
| | | | | | - Tiago Belintani
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Brazil
| | - João A da Rosa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Almeida
- Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Baffa AF, Camara DCP, Santos-Mallet JR, DA Silva ER, Costa J, Freitas SPC. Sperm dimorphism in the Triatoma brasiliensis species complex and its applications. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 31:192-199. [PMID: 28117911 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Morphological and structural features of the sperm of the Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) species complex were examined in this first study investigating the sperm of Heteroptera and the genus Triatoma. Males were dissected and their seminal vesicles removed. For measurement, seminal vesicles were squashed on glass slides, spread, fixed and observed under a photomicroscope. The images were analysed and measures of sperm were made. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test to detect differentiation among taxa. Furthermore, seminal vesicles were prepared for studies of transmission electron microscopy. All taxa studied showed polymorphic (short and long) sperm. The sperm of Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma was significantly longer (in total length) than that of the other four members of the complex, which supports the hypothesis of hybrid speciation of this member of the complex as an increase in the size of typical hybrids under heterosis was previously shown. The sperm cells of the five taxa have similar ultrastructural morphology. The ultrastructural features observed confirm the hypothesis, raised by previous studies, that they are synapomorphic to the suborder Heteroptera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A F Baffa
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Insetos Aquáticos, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D C P Camara
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J R Santos-Mallet
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E R DA Silva
- Laboratório de Insetos Aquáticos, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S P C Freitas
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Justi SA, Galvão C. The Evolutionary Origin of Diversity in Chagas Disease Vectors. Trends Parasitol 2017; 33:42-52. [PMID: 27986547 PMCID: PMC5518462 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is amongst the ten most important neglected tropical diseases but knowledge on the diversification of its vectors, Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), is very scarce. Most Triatominae species occur in the Americas, and are all considered potential vectors. Despite its amazing ecological vignette, there are remarkably few evolutionary studies of the whole subfamily, and only one genome sequence has been published. The young age of the subfamily, coupled with the high number of independent lineages, are intriguing, yet the lack of genome-wide data makes it a challenge to infer the phylogenetic relationships within Triatominae. Here we synthesize what is known, and suggest the next steps towards a better understanding of how this important group of disease vectors came to be.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia A Justi
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Guerra AL, Alevi KCC, Banho CA, de Oliveira J, da Rosa JA, Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira MT. D2 Region of the 28S RNA Gene: A Too-Conserved Fragment for Inferences on Phylogeny of South American Triatomines. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 95:610-3. [PMID: 27382073 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The brasiliensis complex is composed of five triatomine species, and different approaches suggest that Triatoma lenti and Triatoma petrochiae may be the new members. Therefore, this study sought to analyze the phylogenetic relationships within this complex by means of the D2 region of the 28S RNA gene, and to analyze the degree of polymorphism and phylogenetic significance of this gene for South American triatomines. Phylogenetic analysis by using sequence fragments of the D2 domain did not allow to perform phylogenetic inferences on species within the brasiliensis complex, because the gene alignment composed of a matrix with 37 specimens exhibited only two variable sites along the 567 base pairs used. Furthermore, if all South American species are included, only four variable sites were detected, reflecting the high degree of gene conservation. Therefore, we do not recommend the use of this gene for phylogenetic reconstruction for this group of Chagas disease vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Letícia Guerra
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cecília Artico Banho
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jader de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
The nuclear elongation factor-1α gene: a promising marker for phylogenetic studies of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 43:274-80. [PMID: 27268149 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecular systematics is a remarkable approach for understanding the taxonomic traits and allows the exploration of the inter-population dynamics of several species in the Triatominae subfamily that are involved in Trypanosoma cruzi transmission. Compared to other relevant species that transmit vector-borne diseases, such as some species of the Diptera, there are relatively few nuclear genetic markers available for systematic studies in the Triatominae subfamily. Molecular systematic studies performed on Triatominae are based on mitochondrial gene fragments and, less frequently, on nuclear ribosomal genes or spacers. Due to the fact that these markers can occasionally present problems such as nuclear mitochondrial genes (NUMTs) or intra-genomic variation for high gene copy numbers, it is necessary to use additional nuclear markers to more reliably address the molecular evolution of Triatominae. In this study, we performed phylogenetic analysis using the nuclear elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α) gene in individuals from 12 species belonging to the Triatomini and Rhodniini tribes. Genetic diversities and phylogenetic topologies were compared with those obtained for the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and Cytochrome b (cyt b) genes, as well as for the D2 variable region of the ribosomal 28S rRNA gene. These results indicate that the EF-1α marker exhibits an intermediate level of diversity compared to mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal genes, and that phylogenetic analysis based on EF-1α is highly informative for resolving deep phylogenetic relationships in Triatominae, such as tribe or genera.
Collapse
|
41
|
Folly-Ramos E, Dornak LL, Orsolon G, Gonçalves TCM, Lilioso M, Costa J, Almeida CE. Vector capacity of members of Triatoma brasiliensis species complex: The need to extend Chagas disease surveillance to Triatoma melanica. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2016; 41:48-54. [PMID: 27232124 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a lab-based comparative study on vector capacity features of two species of triatomines: Triatoma brasiliensis and T. melanica. Both are members of the T. brasiliensis species complex. The former is the most important Chagas disease vector in the northeastern region of Brazil. To date, no transmission via T. melanica has been recorded. Immature insects exhibited distinct intermoult periods without a direct relationship to a given species. Females of T. brasiliensis consumed an average of 1.9 times more meals (mean = 12.92 vs 6.63) and survived for a shorter period (mean =330.8 days) than T. melanica (mean = 365.2 days), probably due to the cost of reproduction (all significant at P<0.05). These data support the idea that T. brasiliensis is more adapted to lab conditions and is more able to infest domiciles than T. melanica. We also found significant distinctions in other features between these species, such as the elapsed time without eating before molting, which was higher for the second, third, and fifth nymph stages of T. melanica. Regarding features analyzed related to vector capacity, insects of all life stages of both species were considered competent to transmit Trypanosoma cruzi because they needed many feedings (mean =1.5-3.82) to moult and because a high proportion (>39%) of insects defecated rapidly (<30 s) after feeding. Overall, results highlight the need to extend vector surveillance to T. melanica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Folly-Ramos
- Laboratório Ecologia Animal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental - PPGEMA, Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB.
| | - L Lynnette Dornak
- Department of Geography and Geology, University of Wisconsin-Platteville, WI, U.S.A
| | - Guilherme Orsolon
- Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca - CEFET/RJ, Campus Valença
| | - Teresa Cristina Monte Gonçalves
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, IOC/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Lilioso
- Laboratório Ecologia Animal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental - PPGEMA, Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB
| | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, IOC/FIOCRUZ-RJ
| | - Carlos Eduardo Almeida
- Laboratório Ecologia Animal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental - PPGEMA, Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pessoa GCD, de Sousa TN, Sonoda IV, Diotaiuti L. Assessing the mitochondrial DNA diversity of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma sordida (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2016; 111:322-9. [PMID: 27143491 PMCID: PMC4878301 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760150429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatoma sordida is a species that transmits Trypanosoma cruzi to humans. In Brazil, T. sordida currently deserves special attention because of its wide distribution, tendency to invade domestic environments and vectorial competence. For the planning and execution of control protocols to be effective against Triatominae, they must consider its population structure. In this context, this study aimed to characterise the genetic variability of T. sordida populations collected in areas with persistent infestations from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Levels of genetic variation and population structure were determined in peridomestic T. sordida by sequencing a polymorphic region of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Low nucleotide and haplotype diversity were observed for all 14 sampled areas; π values ranged from 0.002-0.006. Most obtained haplotypes occurred at low frequencies, and some were exclusive to only one of the studied populations. Interpopulation genetic diversity analysis revealed strong genetic structuring. Furthermore, the genetic variability of Brazilian populations is small compared to that of Argentinean and Bolivian specimens. The possible factors related to the reduced genetic variability and strong genetic structuring obtained for studied populations are discussed in this paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas D‘Ávila Pessoa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG,
Brasil
| | - Tais Nóbrega de Sousa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Malária, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Ivan Vieira Sonoda
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG,
Brasil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG,
Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Almeida CE, Faucher L, Lavina M, Costa J, Harry M. Molecular Individual-Based Approach on Triatoma brasiliensis: Inferences on Triatomine Foci, Trypanosoma cruzi Natural Infection Prevalence, Parasite Diversity and Feeding Sources. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004447. [PMID: 26891047 PMCID: PMC4758651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We used an individual-based molecular multisource approach to assess the epidemiological importance of Triatoma brasiliensis collected in distinct sites and ecotopes in Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. In the semi-arid zones of Brazil, this blood sucking bug is the most important vector of Trypanosoma cruzi--the parasite that causes Chagas disease. First, cytochrome b (cytb) and microsatellite markers were used for inferences on the genetic structure of five populations (108 bugs). Second, we determined the natural T. cruzi infection prevalence and parasite diversity in 126 bugs by amplifying a mini-exon gene from triatomine gut contents. Third, we identified the natural feeding sources of 60 T. brasiliensis by using the blood meal content via vertebrate cytb analysis. Demographic inferences based on cytb variation indicated expansion events in some sylvatic and domiciliary populations. Microsatellite results indicated gene flow between sylvatic and anthropic (domiciliary and peridomiciliary) populations, which threatens vector control efforts because sylvatic population are uncontrollable. A high natural T. cruzi infection prevalence (52-71%) and two parasite lineages were found for the sylvatic foci, in which 68% of bugs had fed on Kerodon rupestris (Rodentia: Caviidae), highlighting it as a potential reservoir. For peridomiciliary bugs, Galea spixii (Rodentia: Caviidae) was the main mammal feeding source, which may reinforce previous concerns about the potential of this animal to link the sylvatic and domiciliary T. cruzi cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Almeida
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brasil
- UMR EGCE (Evolution, Genome, Comportment, Ecologie), CNRS-IRD-Univ. Paris-Sud, IDEEV, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental – PPGEMA, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, PB, Brasil
| | - Leslie Faucher
- UMR EGCE (Evolution, Genome, Comportment, Ecologie), CNRS-IRD-Univ. Paris-Sud, IDEEV, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Morgane Lavina
- UMR EGCE (Evolution, Genome, Comportment, Ecologie), CNRS-IRD-Univ. Paris-Sud, IDEEV, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Myriam Harry
- UMR EGCE (Evolution, Genome, Comportment, Ecologie), CNRS-IRD-Univ. Paris-Sud, IDEEV, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Costa J, Bargues MD, Neiva VL, Lawrence GG, Gumiel M, Oliveira G, Cabello P, Lima MM, Dotson E, Provance DW, Almeida CE, Mateo L, Mas-Coma S, Dujardin JP. Phenotypic variability confirmed by nuclear ribosomal DNA suggests a possible natural hybrid zone of Triatoma brasiliensis species complex. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015; 37:77-87. [PMID: 26520796 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma occurs in Pernambuco state, Brazil, which is situated between the distribution areas of Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis (north) and Triatoma juazeirensis (south). T. b. macromelasoma displays greater variations in its chromatic phenotype than either T. b. brasiliensis or T. juazeirensis, and patterns reminiscent of one or the other. Experimental crosses from each of these members of the T. brasiliensis species complex generated fertile offspring suggesting that viable hybrids could be present in nature, despite their significant genetic distances. Considering the geographical position of occurrence of the T. b. macromelasoma (in Pernambuco) it was proposed to be an area capable of supporting natural hybridization between T. b. brasiliensis and T. juazeirensis. Since phenotypic variability is expected, this study investigated the existence of intermediate chromatic phenotypes for T. b. macromelasoma in various locations in areas between the T. b. brasiliensis and T. juazeirensis occurrences. Thirteen different color patterns were for the first time characterized and nine of those displayed intermediate phenotypes. Molecular analysis performed using ribosomal DNA intergenic region, grouped all within the T. brasiliensis complex. The intermediate chromatic phenotypes, molecular analysis and experimental crosses all support the distinction of a zone of hybridization that gave rise to the T. b. macromelasoma through homoploidal evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Costa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica,Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Maria Dolores Bargues
- Dep. de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Univ. de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vanessa Lima Neiva
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica,Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gena G Lawrence
- Entomology Branch, Div. Parasitic Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marcia Gumiel
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Insetos Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Cabello
- Laboratório de Genética Humana, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marli Maria Lima
- Laboratório de Eco-epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ellen Dotson
- Entomology Branch, Div. Parasitic Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Almeida
- Univers. Est. Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araquara, SP, Prog. de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental (PPGEMA), UFPB, Campus IV, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Lucia Mateo
- Dep. de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Univ. de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Santiago Mas-Coma
- Dep. de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Univ. de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Panzera F, Pita S, Nattero J, Panzera Y, Galvão C, Chavez T, Rojas De Arias A, Cardozo Téllez L, Noireau F. Cryptic speciation in the Triatoma sordida subcomplex (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) revealed by chromosomal markers. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:495. [PMID: 26419232 PMCID: PMC4589034 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-1109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease vectors (Hemiptera-Reduviidae) comprise more than 140 blood-sucking insect species of the Triatominae subfamily. The largest genus is Triatoma, subdivided in several complexes and subcomplexes according to morphology, ecology and genetic features. One of them is the sordida subcomplex, involving four species: Triatoma sordida, T. guasayana, T. garciabesi and T. patagonica. Given the great morphological similarity of these species, their taxonomic identification, evolutionary relationships and population differentiation have been controversial for many years and even today remain under discussion. METHODS We simultaneously analyzed two chromosomal markers, C-heterochromatin distribution and 45S ribosomal genes chromosomal position, of 139 specimens from several sordida subcomplex populations from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay, collected both in nature and from several established insectaries. Our results were compared with COI sequences deposited in GenBank. RESULTS We recognized five chromosomal taxa with putative hybrids, which each differ in at least one chromosome marker. Most of them present significant differences in their mtDNA sequences. CONCLUSION The chromosomal taxa here show a significant chromosome differentiation involving changes in the C-heterochromatin content and in the ribosomal clusters position. This paper identifies several erroneously classified populations by morphological methods, delimits the geographical distribution of each taxon and proposes the existence of a new cryptic species, widely distributed in Argentina. We also suggest that sordida sibling species involve closely related as well as evolutionary distant species. Taxonomic status of each chromosomal taxon is discussed considering phenotypic and genetic results previously published.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Panzera
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Calle: Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Sebastián Pita
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Calle: Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Julieta Nattero
- Cátedra Introducción a la Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT) CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina. .,Present address: Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Yanina Panzera
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Calle: Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos (LNIRTT), Instituto Oswaldo, Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Tamara Chavez
- Instituto Nacional de Laboratorios de Salud (INLASA), Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, La Paz, Bolivia.
| | - Antonieta Rojas De Arias
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC)/Díaz Gill Medicina Laboratorial/Fundación Moisés Bertoni, Asunción, Paraguay.
| | - Lourdes Cardozo Téllez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Hernando Bertoni, Instituto Paraguayo de Tecnología Agraria, Asunción, Paraguay.
| | - François Noireau
- Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites dans les infections par trypanosomatidae (INTERTRYP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Genes encoding defensins of important Chagas disease vectors used for phylogenetic studies. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:4503-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
47
|
de Souza Freitas MT, Ríos-Velasquez CM, Costa CRL, Figueirêdo CAS, Aragão NC, da Silva LG, de Aragão Batista MV, Balbino TCL, Pessoa FAC, de Queiroz Balbino V. Phenotypic and genotypic variations among three allopatric populations of Lutzomyia umbratilis, main vector of Leishmania guyanensis. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:448. [PMID: 26338469 PMCID: PMC4559179 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-1051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In South America, Lutzomyia umbratilis is the main vector of Leishmania guyanensis, one of the species involved in the transmission of American tegumentary leishmaniasis. In Brazil, L. umbratilis has been recorded in the Amazon region, and in the state of Pernambuco, Northeastern region, where an isolated population has been identified. This study assessed the phylogeographic structure and size and shape differences of the wing of three Brazilian populations. METHODS Samples of L. umbratilis were collected from Rio Preto da Eva (north of the Amazon River, Amazonas), from Manacapuru (south of the Amazon River), and from the isolated population in Recife, Pernambuco state. These samples were processed to obtain sequences of the Cytochrome Oxidase I mitochondrial gene. Geometrics morphometry analysis of the right wing shape of the three populations was made using discriminate canonical analysis. RESULTS Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of two distinct monophyletic clades: one clade comprised of the Recife and Rio Preto da Eva samples, and the other clade comprised of the Manacapuru samples. Comparing the Manacapuru population with the Recife and Rio Preto da Eva populations generated high indices of interpopulational divergence. Geometric morphometry analysis indicated two distinct groups between the studied populations. Canonical variate analysis of wing shape indicated that Rio Preto da Eva population is significantly closer to Recife population, and both populations were genetically distant from Manacapuru. CONCLUSION The polymorphic sites and geometric morphometry analysis indicate that the distance, lack of continuity and environmental differences have not modified the ancestral relationship between Recife and Rio Preto da Eva populations. The genetic and morphological similarities shared by the Recife and Rio Preto da Eva populations suggest that these populations are more closely related evolutionarily. These results confirm the existence of an L. umbratilis species complex in the North and Northeast regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moises Thiago de Souza Freitas
- Departament of Genetic, Federal University of Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego S/N,Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50732-970, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Maria Ríos-Velasquez
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease Ecology in the Amazon, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas, 69.057-070, Brazil.
| | - César Raimundo Lima Costa
- Departament of Genetic, Federal University of Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego S/N,Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50732-970, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Alberto Santiago Figueirêdo
- Departament of Genetic, Federal University of Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego S/N,Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50732-970, Brazil.
| | - Nádia Consuelo Aragão
- Departament of Genetic, Federal University of Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego S/N,Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50732-970, Brazil.
| | - Lidiane Gomes da Silva
- Departament of Genetic, Federal University of Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego S/N,Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50732-970, Brazil.
| | - Marcus Vinicius de Aragão Batista
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n - Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Aracajú, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Teresa Cristina Leal Balbino
- Departament of Microbiology, Research Center Aggeu Magalhaes, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego S/N,Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50732-970, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease Ecology in the Amazon, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas, 69.057-070, Brazil.
| | - Valdir de Queiroz Balbino
- Departament of Genetic, Federal University of Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego S/N,Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50732-970, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
de Souza RDCM, Campolina-Silva GH, Bezerra CM, Diotaiuti L, Gorla DE. Does Triatoma brasiliensis occupy the same environmental niche space as Triatoma melanica? Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:361. [PMID: 26156398 PMCID: PMC4496957 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triatomines (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, one of the most important vector-borne diseases in Latin America. This study compares the environmental niche spaces of Triatoma brasiliensis and Triatoma melanica using ecological niche modelling and reports findings on DNA barcoding and wing geometric morphometrics as tools for the identification of these species. METHODS We compared the geographic distribution of the species using generalized linear models fitted to elevation and current data on land surface temperature, vegetation cover and rainfall recorded by earth observation satellites for northeastern Brazil. Additionally, we evaluated nucleotide sequence data from the barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO1) and wing geometric morphometrics as taxonomic identification tools for T. brasiliensis and T. melanica. RESULTS The ecological niche models show that the environmental spaces currently occupied by T. brasiliensis and T. melanica are similar although not equivalent, and associated with the caatinga ecosystem. The CO1 sequence analyses based on pair wise genetic distance matrix calculated using Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) evolutionary model, clearly separate the two species, supporting the barcoding gap. Wing size and shape analyses based on seven landmarks of 72 field specimens confirmed consistent differences between T. brasiliensis and T. melanica. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the separation of the two species should be attributed to a factor that does not include the current environmental conditions. However, as the caatinga is a biome that has existed in the area for at least the last 18,000 years, past conditions might have had an influence in the speciation process. The DNA Barcoding approach may be extended to these members of the subfamily Triatominae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cássia Moreira de Souza
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel H Campolina-Silva
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - David E Gorla
- IMBIV-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Costa J, Araújo CAC, Freitas CAV, Borges-Pereira J. Are Members of the Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) Species Complex Able to Alter the Biology and Virulence of a Trypanosoma cruzi Strain? NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 44:186-193. [PMID: 26013138 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-015-0271-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, transmitted to humans and mammals by blood-sucking hemipteran insects belonging to the Triatominae subfamily. The two main genotypes of T. cruzi (TcI and TcII) differ in many characteristics concerning their genetic profile. Despite the extensive literature on vectors and the etiologic agent, several interactive aspects between these two elements of Chagas disease are still waiting to be further clarified. Here, biological and histological features resulting from the interaction between Albino Swiss mice and T. cruzi isolate PB913 after passages through vectors of the Triatoma brasiliensis species complex were evaluated. Comparing the four members of the T. brasiliensis species complex-Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis Neiva, Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma Galvão, Triatoma melanica Neiva & Lent, and Triatoma juazeirensis Costa & Felix-no significant differences in parasitemia of the infected mice were observed. At 20 days post-infection, the highest number of parasites was observed in the group of mice that were infected with parasites obtained from T. b. macromelasoma. Tropism of the parasites to different organs such as heart, bladder, and skeletal muscles followed by inflammatory cell infiltrates was observed with quantitative and qualitative differences. Even though the four members of the T. brasiliensis species complex differ in their geographical distribution, morphology, biology, ecology, and genetics, no significant influence on the parasitemia of the T. cruzi PB913 isolate was detected. After evaluation of the tissue samples, a higher pathogenicity of parasites obtained from T. b. brasiliensis was noticeable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Costa
- Lab de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-IOC/FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Magalhaes ILF, Oliveira U, Santos FR, Vidigal THDA, Brescovit AD, Santos AJ. Strong spatial structure, Pliocene diversification and cryptic diversity in the Neotropical dry forest spiderSicarius cariri. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:5323-36. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan L. F. Magalhaes
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
- División Aracnología; Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’; Av. Angel Gallardo 470 C1405DJR Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Ubirajara Oliveira
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Fabrício R. Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Teofânia H. D. A. Vidigal
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Antonio D. Brescovit
- Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas; Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brazil 1500, 05503-900; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Adalberto J. Santos
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| |
Collapse
|