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Mondal P, Dasgupta S, Pathak T. Carboxymethyl tethered poly(disubstituted)triazoles built on nucleoside skeletons: A unique class of ribonuclease A inhibitors designed using chemical logic. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 76:117065. [PMID: 36436488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular docking of N-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole tethered carboxymethylated thymidine and uridine with ribonuclease A, indicated their possible binding with the P1, B1 and P2 subsites with varied efficiencies. This theoretical study in combination of our earlier experimental observations was used as the guiding principles for designing a range of 1,4-disubstituted 1, 2, 3- triazole tethered carboxymethylated pyrimidine nucleosides. Triazoles are biologically important molecules and at the same time easily accessible through less complicated synthetic routes as reported about two decades back in the context of "click" reactions. Regioselective propargylation of the nucleosides under controlled conditions followed by the use of CuAAC strategy afforded mono-, bis-, tris- and tetratriazolyl pyrimidine nucleosides. Although the characteristics of nucleosides were lost in these densely functionalized polyheterocycles, the catalytic efficiency of ribonuclease A was significantly reduced by these molecules which were investigated experimentally and by docking studies. Triazoles as linkers helped one or more acidic groups to reach the P1 subsite of ribonuclease A. Enzyme kinetics showed that the efficiency of inhibition reached the highest point with an optimum number of functional groups and were not linearly dependent on the number of triazole tethered carboxymethyl groups. The location of the triazole ring in the molecule affected the efficiency and nature of inhibition which were the result of the overall structure of the modified nucleosides. Thus, the tris-triazolylated thymidine derivative (T-3', 5', N-tris-CH2TzCH2COOH) as opposed to tetra-triazolylated uridine (U-2', 3', 5', N-tetrakis-CH2TzCH2COOH) emerged as the best inhibitor with an inhibition constant value of 2.3 ± 0.05 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pampa Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, West Bengal, India
| | - Swagata Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tanmaya Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, West Bengal, India.
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Singh K, Maity P, Koroma AK, Basu A, Pandey RK, Beken SV, Haas P, Krug L, Hainzl A, Sindrilaru A, Pfeiffer C, Wlaschek M, Frank NY, Frank MH, Ganss C, Bánvölgyi A, Wikonkál N, Eming S, Pastar I, Tomic-Canic M, Kluth MA, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. Angiogenin Released from ABCB5 + Stromal Precursors Improves Healing of Diabetic Wounds by Promoting Angiogenesis. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1725-1736.e10. [PMID: 34808236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe angiopathy is a major driver for diabetes associated secondary complications. Knowledge on underlying mechanisms essential for advanced therapies to attenuate these pathologies is limited. Injection of ABCB5+ stromal precursors (SPs) at the edge of non-healing diabetic wounds in a murine db/db model, closely mirroring human type II diabetes, profoundly accelerates wound closure. Strikingly, enhanced angiogenesis was substantially enforced by the release of the ribonuclease angiogenin from ABCB5+ SPs. This compensates for the profoundly reduced angiogenin expression in non-treated murine chronic diabetic wounds. Silencing of angiogenin in ABCB5+ SPs prior to injection significantly reduced angiogenesis and delayed wound closure in diabetic db/db mice implying an unprecedented key role for angiogenin in tissue regeneration in diabetes. These data hold significant promise for further refining SPs-based therapies of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers and other pathologies with impaired angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmveer Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Pallab Maity
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Abhijit Basu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rajeev Kumar Pandey
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Seppe Vander Beken
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Philipp Haas
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Linda Krug
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Adelheid Hainzl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anca Sindrilaru
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christiane Pfeiffer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Meinhard Wlaschek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Natasha Y Frank
- Transplantation Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus H Frank
- Transplantation Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Transplantation Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christoph Ganss
- TICEBA GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany; RHEACELL GmbH & Co. KG, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - András Bánvölgyi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Norbert Wikonkál
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sabine Eming
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Irena Pastar
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mark A Kluth
- TICEBA GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany; RHEACELL GmbH & Co. KG, Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Dimerization of Human Angiogenin and of Variants Involved in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810068. [PMID: 34576228 PMCID: PMC8468037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Angiogenin (hANG, or ANG, 14.1 kDa) promotes vessel formation and is also called RNase 5 because it is included in the pancreatic-type ribonuclease (pt-RNase) super-family. Although low, its ribonucleolytic activity is crucial for angiogenesis in tumor tissues but also in the physiological development of the Central Nervous System (CNS) neuronal progenitors. Nevertheless, some ANG variants are involved in both neurodegenerative Parkinson disease (PD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Notably, some pt-RNases acquire new biological functions upon oligomerization. Considering neurodegenerative diseases correlation with massive protein aggregation, we analyzed the aggregation propensity of ANG and of three of its pathogenic variants, namely H13A, S28N, and R121C. We found no massive aggregation, but wt-ANG, as well as S28N and R121C variants, can form an enzymatically active dimer, which is called ANG-D. By contrast, the enzymatically inactive H13A-ANG does not dimerize. Corroborated by a specific cross-linking analysis and by the behavior of H13A-ANG that in turn lacks one of the two His active site residues necessary for pt-RNases to self-associate through the three-dimensional domain swapping (3D-DS), we demonstrate that ANG actually dimerizes through 3D-DS. Then, we deduce by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and modeling that ANG-D forms through the swapping of ANG N-termini. In light of these novelties, we can expect future investigations to unveil other ANG determinants possibly related with the onset and/or development of neurodegenerative pathologies.
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Chen JWE, Lumibao J, Leary S, Sarkaria JN, Steelman AJ, Gaskins HR, Harley BAC. Crosstalk between microglia and patient-derived glioblastoma cells inhibit invasion in a three-dimensional gelatin hydrogel model. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:346. [PMID: 33208156 PMCID: PMC7677841 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-02026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is the most common and deadly form of primary brain cancer, accounting for more than 13,000 new diagnoses annually in the USA alone. Microglia are the innate immune cells within the central nervous system, acting as a front-line defense against injuries and inflammation via a process that involves transformation from a quiescent to an activated phenotype. Crosstalk between GBM cells and microglia represents an important axis to consider in the development of tissue engineering platforms to examine pathophysiological processes underlying GBM progression and therapy. METHODS This work used a brain-mimetic hydrogel system to study patient-derived glioblastoma specimens and their interactions with microglia. Here, glioblastoma cells were either cultured alone in 3D hydrogels or in co-culture with microglia in a manner that allowed secretome-based signaling but prevented direct GBM-microglia contact. Patterns of GBM cell invasion were quantified using a three-dimensional spheroid assay. Secretome and transcriptome (via RNAseq) were used to profile the consequences of GBM-microglia interactions. RESULTS Microglia displayed an activated phenotype as a result of GBM crosstalk. Three-dimensional migration patterns of patient-derived glioblastoma cells showed invasion was significantly decreased in response to microglia paracrine signaling. Potential molecular mechanisms underlying with this phenotype were identified from bioinformatic analysis of secretome and RNAseq data. CONCLUSION The data demonstrate a tissue engineered hydrogel platform can be used to investigate crosstalk between immune cells of the tumor microenvironment related to GBM progression. Such multi-dimensional models may provide valuable insight to inform therapeutic innovations to improve GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Wei Emily Chen
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jan Lumibao
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Current Address: Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Leary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew J Steelman
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 110 Roger Adams Laboratory, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - H Rex Gaskins
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 110 Roger Adams Laboratory, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 110 Roger Adams Laboratory, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 110 Roger Adams Laboratory, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Thomas SP, Hoang TT, Ressler VT, Raines RT. Human angiogenin is a potent cytotoxin in the absence of ribonuclease inhibitor. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 24:1018-1027. [PMID: 29748193 PMCID: PMC6049508 DOI: 10.1261/rna.065516.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) is a secretory ribonuclease that promotes the proliferation of endothelial cells, leading to angiogenesis. This function relies on its ribonucleolytic activity, which is low for simple RNA substrates. Upon entry into the cytosol, ANG is sequestered by the ribonuclease inhibitor protein (RNH1). We find that ANG is a potent cytotoxin for RNH1-knockout HeLa cells, belying its inefficiency as a nonspecific catalyst. The toxicity does, however, rely on the ribonucleolytic activity of ANG and a cytosolic localization, which lead to the accumulation of particular tRNA fragments (tRFs), such as tRF-5 Gly-GCC. These up-regulated tRFs are highly cytotoxic at physiological concentrations. Although ANG is well-known for its promotion of cell growth, our results reveal that ANG can also cause cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney P Thomas
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Trish T Hoang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Valerie T Ressler
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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6
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Hoang TT, Raines RT. Molecular basis for the autonomous promotion of cell proliferation by angiogenin. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:818-831. [PMID: 27915233 PMCID: PMC5314776 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Canonical growth factors act indirectly via receptor-mediated signal transduction pathways. Here, we report on an autonomous pathway in which a growth factor is internalized, has its localization regulated by phosphorylation, and ultimately uses intrinsic catalytic activity to effect epigenetic change. Angiogenin (ANG), a secreted vertebrate ribonuclease, is known to promote cell proliferation, leading to neovascularization as well as neuroprotection in mammals. Upon entering cells, ANG encounters the cytosolic ribonuclease inhibitor protein, which binds with femtomolar affinity. We find that protein kinase C and cyclin-dependent kinase phosphorylate ANG, enabling ANG to evade its inhibitor and enter the nucleus. After migrating to the nucleolus, ANG cleaves promoter-associated RNA, which prevents the recruitment of the nucleolar remodeling complex to the ribosomal DNA promoter. The ensuing derepression of rDNA transcription promotes cell proliferation. The biochemical basis for this unprecedented mechanism of signal transduction suggests new modalities for the treatment of cancers and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trish T Hoang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Tsika AC, Chatzileontiadou DSM, Leonidas DD, Spyroulias GA. NMR study of Met-1 human Angiogenin: (1)H, (13)C, (15)N backbone and side-chain resonance assignment. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2016; 10:379-383. [PMID: 27624767 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-016-9704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the high yield expression and preliminary structural analysis via solution hetero-nuclear NMR spectroscopy of the recombinant Met-1 human Angiogenin. The analysis reveals a well folded as well as, a monomeric polypeptide. Τhe sequence-specific assignment of its (1)H, (15)N and (13)C resonances at high percentage was obtained. Also, using TALOS+ its secondary structure elements were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Demetres D Leonidas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
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Chatzileontiadou DSM, Tsirkone VG, Dossi K, Kassouni AG, Liggri PGV, Kantsadi AL, Stravodimos GA, Balatsos NAA, Skamnaki VT, Leonidas DD. The ammonium sulfate inhibition of human angiogenin. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:3005-18. [PMID: 27483019 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the inhibition of human angiogenin by ammonium sulfate. The inhibitory potency of ammonium sulfate for human angiogenin (IC50 = 123.5 ± 14.9 mm) is comparable to that previously reported for RNase A (119.0 ± 6.5 mm) and RNase 2 (95.7 ± 9.3 mm). However, analysis of two X-ray crystal structures of human angiogenin in complex with sulfate anions (in acidic and basic pH environments, respectively) indicates an entirely distinct mechanism of inhibition. While ammonium sulfate inhibits the ribonucleolytic activity of RNase A and RNase 2 by binding to the active site of these enzymes, sulfate anions bind only to peripheral substrate anion-binding subsites of human angiogenin, and not to the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vicky G Tsirkone
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Dossi
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini G Kassouni
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Panagiota G V Liggri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Anastassia L Kantsadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - George A Stravodimos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos A A Balatsos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vassiliki T Skamnaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetres D Leonidas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Angiogenin expression during early human placental development; association with blood vessel formation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:781632. [PMID: 25093183 PMCID: PMC4100457 DOI: 10.1155/2014/781632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The placenta is a transient organ essential for fetal development. During human placental development, chorionic villi grow in coordination with a large capillary network resulting from both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Angiogenin is one of the most potent inducers of neovascularisation in experimental models in vivo. We and others have previously mapped angiogenin expression in the human term placenta. Here, we explored angiogenin involvement in early human placental development. We studied, angiogenin expression by in situ hybridisation and/or by RT-PCR in tissues and primary cultured trophoblastic cells and angiogenin cellular distribution by coimmunolabelling with cell markers: CD31 (PECAM-1), vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGF-R2), Tie-2, von Willebrand factor, CD34, erythropoeitin receptor (Epo-R), alpha-smooth muscle actin, CD45, cytokeratin 7, and Ki-67. Extravillous and villous cytotrophoblasts, isolated and differentiated in vitro, expressed and secreted angiogenin. Angiogenin was detected in villous trophoblastic layers, and structured and nascent fetal vessels. In decidua, it was expressed by glandular epithelial cells, vascular cells and macrophages. The observed pattern of angiogenin expression is compatible with a role in blood vessel formation and in cross-talk between trophoblasts and endothelial cells. In view of angiogenin properties, we suggest that angiogenin may participate in placental vasculogenesis and organogenesis.
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Sheng J, Luo C, Jiang Y, Hinds PW, Xu Z, Hu GF. Transcription of angiogenin and ribonuclease 4 is regulated by RNA polymerase III elements and a CCCTC binding factor (CTCF)-dependent intragenic chromatin loop. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12520-34. [PMID: 24659782 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.551762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) and ribonuclease 4 (RNASE4), two members of the secreted and vertebrate-specific ribonuclease superfamily, play important roles in cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. The ANG and RNASE4 genes share genetic regions with promoter activities, but the structure and regulation of these putative promotes are unknown. We have characterized the promoter regions, defined the transcription start site, and identified a mechanism of transcription regulation that involves both RNA polymerase III (Pol III) elements and CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) sites. We found that two Pol III elements within the promoter region influence ANG and RNASE4 expression in a position- and orientation-dependent manner. We also provide evidence for the presence of an intragenic chromatin loop between the two CTCF binding sites located in two introns flanking the ANG coding exon. We found that formation of this intragenic loop preferentially enhances ANG transcription. These results suggest a multilayer transcriptional regulation of ANG and RNASE4 gene locus. These data also add more direct evidence to the notion that Pol III elements are able to directly influence Pol II gene transcription. Furthermore, our data indicate that a CTCF-dependent chromatin loop is able to differentially regulate transcription of genes that share the same promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Sheng
- From the Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 and
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11
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Ang J, Sheng J, Lai K, Wei S, Gao X. Identification of estrogen receptor-related receptor gamma as a direct transcriptional target of angiogenin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71487. [PMID: 23977052 PMCID: PMC3744552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear translocation of angiogenin (ANG) is essential for the proliferation of its target cells. ANG promotes rRNA synthesis, while whether it regulates mRNA transcription remains unknown. Using the chromatin immunoprecipitation method, we have identified 12 ANG-binding sequences. One of these sequences lies in the estrogen receptor-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) gene which we designated as ANG-Binding Sequence within ERRγ (ABSE). ABSE exhibited ANG-dependent repressor activity in the luciferase reporter system. Down-regulation of ANG increased ERRγ expression, and active gene marker level at the ABSE region. The expression levels of ERRγ targets genes, p21WAF/CIP and p27KIP1, and the occupation of ERRγ on their promoter regions were increased in ANG-deficient cells accordingly. Furthermore, knockdown of ERRγ promoted the proliferation rate in ANG-deficient breast cancer cells. Finally, immunohistochemistry staining showed negative correlation between ANG and ERRγ in breast cancer tissue. Altogether, our study provides evidence that nuclear ANG directly binds to the ABSE of ERRγ gene and inhibits ERRγ transcription to promote breast cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghao Sheng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kairan Lai
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Medical Class 2006, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Saisai Wei
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangwei Gao
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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12
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Tomoda T, Nouso K, Miyahara K, Kobayashi S, Kinugasa H, Toyosawa J, Hagihara H, Kuwaki K, Onishi H, Nakamura S, Ikeda F, Miyake Y, Shiraha H, Takaki A, Yamamoto K. Prognotic impact of serum follistatin in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 28:1391-6. [PMID: 23432377 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Follistatin (FST) is a glycoprotein expressed in most organs, which interacts with activins or other members of the transforming growth factor beta family. Recently, several reports have shown that FST regulates a variety of processes during tumor progression. Here, serum FST in patients with liver diseases was measured, and its clinical utility as a biomarker was assessed. METHODS Serum was collected from 162 patients (91 hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC], 43 liver cirrhosis, and 28 chronic hepatitis) as well as from 16 healthy volunteers. FST was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and levels were compared with clinical parameters including survival of the HCC patients. RESULTS Median serum FST levels in HCC, liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, and healthy volunteers were 1168, 1606, 1324, and 1661 pg/mL, respectively, not significantly different. In HCC patients, higher serum FST was associated with greater age, hepatitis C virus antibody-negativity, large tumor size, g-glutamyl transpeptidase, des-gamma carboxyprothrombin and presence of portal vein tumor thrombus. Survival of HCC patients with high FST levels was significantly shorter than for those with low levels (P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed that in addition to large tumor size and presence of portal vein thrombus, high FST levels were independently correlated with poor prognosis (hazard ratio = 2.41, 95% confidence interval = 1.16-5.00, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Serum FST levels are significantly associated with HCC prognosis and could represent a predictive biomarker in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tomoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama City, Okayama, Japan.
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Pizzo E, Sarcinelli C, Sheng J, Fusco S, Formiggini F, Netti P, Yu W, D'Alessio G, Hu GF. Ribonuclease/angiogenin inhibitor 1 regulates stress-induced subcellular localization of angiogenin to control growth and survival. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:4308-19. [PMID: 23843625 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.134551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) promotes cell growth and survival. Under growth conditions, ANG undergoes nuclear translocation and accumulates in the nucleolus where it stimulates rRNA transcription. When cells are stressed, ANG mediates the production of tRNA-derived stress-induced small RNA (tiRNA), which reprograms protein translation into a survival mechanism. The ribonucleolytic activity of ANG is essential for both processes but how this activity is regulated is unknown. We report here that ribonuclease/angiogenin inhibitor 1 (RNH1) controls both the localization and activity of ANG. Under growth conditions, ANG is located in the nucleus and is not associated with RNH1 so that the ribonucleolytic activity is retained to ensure rRNA transcription. Cytoplasmic ANG is associated with and inhibited by RNH1 so that random cleavage of cellular RNA is prevented. Under stress conditions, ANG is localized to the cytoplasm and is concentrated in stress granules where it is not associated with RNH1 and thus remains enzymatically active for tiRNA production. By contrast, nuclear ANG is associated with RNH1 in stressed cells to ensure that the enzymatic activity is inhibited and no unnecessary rRNA is produced to save anabolic energy. Knockdown of RNH1 abolished stress-induced relocalization of ANG and decreased cell growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, Naples 80126, Italy
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Nucleotide binding architecture for secreted cytotoxic endoribonucleases. Biochimie 2012; 95:1087-97. [PMID: 23274129 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vertebrate secreted RNases are small cationic protein endowed with an endoribonuclease activity that belong to the RNase A superfamily and display diverse cytotoxic activities. In an effort to unravel their mechanism of action, we have analysed their nucleotide binding recognition patterns. General shared features with other nucleotide binding proteins were deduced from overall statistics on the available structure complexes at the Protein Data Bank and compared with the particularities of selected representative endoribonuclease families. Results were compared with other endoribonuclease representative families and with the overall protein-nucleotide interaction features. Preferred amino acids and atom types involved in pair bonding interactions were identified, defining the spatial motives for phosphate, base and ribose building blocks. Together with the conserved catalytic triad at the active site, variability was observed for secondary binding subsites that may contribute to the proper substrate alignment and could explain the distinct substrate preference patterns. Highly conserved binding patterns were identified for the pyrimidine and purine subsites at the main and secondary base subsites. Particular substitution could be ascribed to specific adenine or guanine specificities. Distribution of evolutionary conserved residues were compared to search for the structure determinants that underlie their diverse catalytic efficiency and those that may account for putative physiological substrate targets or other non-catalytic biological activities that contribute to the antipathogen role of the RNases involved in the host defence system. A side by side comparison with another endoribonuclease superfamily of secreted cytotoxic proteins, the microbial RNases, was carried on to analyse the common features and peculiarities that rule their substrate recognition. The data provides the structural basis for the development of applied therapies targeting cellular nucleotide polymers.
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Savitskaya YA, Rico-Martínez G, Linares-González LM, Delgado-Cedillo EA, Téllez-Gastelum R, Alfaro-Rodríguez AB, Redón-Tavera A, Ibarra-Ponce de León JC. Serum tumor markers in pediatric osteosarcoma: a summary review. Clin Sarcoma Res 2012; 2:9. [PMID: 22587902 PMCID: PMC3359274 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3329-2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary high-grade bone tumor in both adolescents and children. Early tumor detection is key to ensuring effective treatment. Serum marker discovery and validation for pediatric osteosarcoma has accelerated in recent years, coincident with an evolving understanding of molecules and their complex interactions, and the compelling need for improved pediatric osteosarcoma outcome measures in clinical trials. This review gives a short overview of serological markers for pediatric osteosarcoma, and highlights advances in pediatric osteosarcoma-related marker research within the past year. Studies in the past year involving serum markers in patients with pediatric osteosarcoma can be assigned to one of four categories, i.e., new approaches and new markers, exploratory studies in specialized disease subsets, large cross-sectional validation studies, and longitudinal studies, with and without an intervention.Most of the studies have examined the association of a serum marker with some aspect of the natural history of pediatric osteosarcoma. As illustrated by the many studies reviewed, several serum markers are emerging that show a credible association with disease modification. The expanding pool of informative osteosarcoma-related markers is expected to impact development of therapeutics for pediatric osteosarcoma positively and, it is hoped, ultimately clinical care. Combinations of serum markers of natural immunity, thyroid hormone homeostasis, and bone tumorigenesis may be undertaken together in patients with pediatric osteosarcoma. These serum markers in combination may do better. The potential effect of an intrinsic dynamic balance of tumor angiogenesis residing within a single hormone (tri-iodothyronine) is an attractive concept for regulation of vascularization in pediatric osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A Savitskaya
- Tissue Engineering, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Genaro Rico-Martínez
- Department of Bone Tumors, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Luis Miguel Linares-González
- Department of Bone Tumors, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Ernesto Andrés Delgado-Cedillo
- Department of Bone Tumors, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - René Téllez-Gastelum
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Alfonso Benito Alfaro-Rodríguez
- Department of Chromatography, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Antonio Redón-Tavera
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - José Clemente Ibarra-Ponce de León
- Tissue Engineering, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
- Department of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
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Savitskaya YA, Rico G, Linares L, González R, Téllez R, Estrada E, Marín N, Martínez E, Alfaro A, Ibarra C. Circulating Natural IgM Antibodies Against Angiogenin in the Peripheral Blood Sera of Patients with Osteosarcoma as Candidate Biomarkers and Reporters of Tumorigenesis. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2010; 2:65-78. [PMID: 24179386 PMCID: PMC3783330 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s6040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor immunology research has led to the identification of a number of tumor-associated self antigens, suggesting that most tumors trigger an immunogenic response, as is the case in osteosarcoma, where the detection of natural serum IgM antibodies might achieve the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Natural IgM antibodies to tumor-associated proteins may expand the number of available tumor biomarkers for osteosarcoma and may be used together in a serum profile to enhance test sensitivity and specificity. Natural IgM antibodies can be consistently detected in the peripheral blood sera months to years before the tumor is diagnosed clinically. The study of the level of a potential biomarker many months (or years) prior to diagnosis is fundamentally important. Integrated circulating and imaging markers in clinical practice treating osteosarcoma have potential applications for controlling tumor angiogenesis. OBJECTIVES To study the expression of natural IgM antibodies to the tumor antigens of angiogenesis in the peripheral blood sera of osteosarcoma patients and healthy individuals, and to develop serum-based predictive biomarkers. METHODS Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from 117 osteosarcoma patients and 117 patients with other tumors. All diagnosis was histologically confirmed. Staging of patients was performed according to the Enneking Surgical Staging System. The control group consisted of 117 age- and sex- matched healthy individuals. In this study, novel immunoconjugates were designed, synthesized and then used to develop a rapid, specific and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method to detect angiogenin (ANG)-IgM directly in the peripheral blood sera of humans. RESULTS Serum ANG-IgM levels are significantly higher in osteosarcoma patients than in healthy individuals (P < 0.005). Serum ANG-IgM levels varied widely, but were highly dependent on the concentration of IgM (r = 0.85; P < 0.0005). We found ANG-IgM in the sera of 85% of newly diagnosed osteosarcoma patients and ANG-IgM levels were significantly higher in osteosarcoma patients compared to any other tumors (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that the combined biomarker ANG-IgM has greater sensitivity and specificity in early diagnosis of osteosarcoma patients than the traditional biomarkers (ANG and vascular endothelial growth factor). Circulating ANG-IgM immune complexes can potentially serve as a biomarker for increased risk of osteosarcoma, because relatively high serum levels were also detected in otherwise healthy individuals with a first degree family history of osteosarcoma and in patients with a diagnosis of benign conditions. Immunological aspects of angiogenesis for managing osteosarcoma will have a practical value in early diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring response to antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Genaro Rico
- Department of Bone Tumors, National Institute of Rehabilitation
| | - Luis Linares
- Department of Bone Tumors, National Institute of Rehabilitation
| | - Roberto González
- Department of Bone Tumors, National Institute of Rehabilitation
- Division of Surgery and Medicine, Hospital Los Angeles del Pedregal, Mexico City, Mexico. Camino a Santa Teresa 1055, Colonia Heroes de Padierna, Mexico D.F., Mexico, Código Postal 10700
| | - René Téllez
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Mexico City, Mexico. Calzada México-Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Eréndira Estrada
- Department of Anatomy Pathology, Mexico City, Mexico. Calzada México-Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Norma Marín
- Department of Radiology, Mexico City, Mexico. Calzada México-Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Elisa Martínez
- Department of Computed Tomography, Mexico City, Mexico. Calzada México-Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Alfonso Alfaro
- Department of Chromatography, National Institute of Rehabilitatio
| | - Clemente Ibarra
- Tissue Engineering, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit
- Department of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Mexico City, Mexico. Calzada México-Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
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Serum follistatin in patients with prostate cancer metastatic to the bone. Clin Exp Metastasis 2010; 27:549-55. [PMID: 20623366 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-010-9344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The clinical significance of circulating follistatin (FLST), an inhibitor of the multifunctional cytokine activin A (Act A), was investigated in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). The serum concentrations of this molecule were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in PCa patients with (M+) or without (M0) bone metastases, in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and in healthy subjects (HS). The effectiveness of FLST in detecting PCa patients with skeletal metastases was determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Serum FLST was significantly higher in PCa patients than in BPH patients (P = 0.001) or HS (P = 0.011). Conversely, in BPH patients, FLST levels resulted lower than in HS (P = 0.025). In cancer patients the serum concentrations of FLST significantly correlated with the presence of bone metastases (P = 0.0005) or increased PSA levels (P = 0.04). Interestingly, significant differences in the ratio between FLST and Act A serum concentrations (FLST/Act A) were observed between HS and BPH patients (P = 0.001) or PCa patients (P = 0.0005). Finally, ROC curve analysis, highlighted a sound diagnostic performance of FLST in detecting M+ patients (P = 0.0001). However, the diagnostic effectiveness of FLST did not result significantly superior to that of Act A or PSA. These findings suggest that FLST may be regarded as a potential, molecular target in the treatment of metastatic bone disease while its clinical role as soluble marker in the clinical management of PCa patients with bone metastases needs to be better defined.
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Formoso E, Matxain JM, Lopez X, York DM. Molecular dynamics simulation of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A-CpA and transition state-like complexes. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:7371-82. [PMID: 20455590 PMCID: PMC2892782 DOI: 10.1021/jp909004y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of enzymes are intimately connected with their overall structure and dynamics in solution. Experimentally, it is considerably challenging to provide detailed atomic level information about the conformational events that occur at different stages along the chemical reaction path. Here, theoretical tools may offer new potential insights that complement those obtained from experiments that may not yield an unambiguous mechanistic interpretation. In this study, we apply molecular dynamics simulations of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A, an archetype ribonuclease, to study the conformational dynamics, structural relaxation, and differential solvation that occur at discrete stages of the transesterification and cleavage reaction. Simulations were performed with explicit solvation with rigorous electrostatics and utilize recently developed molecular mechanical force field parameters for transphosphorylation and hydrolysis transition state analogues. Herein, we present results for the enzyme complexed with the dinucleotide substrate cytidilyl-3',5'-adenosine (CpA) in the reactant, and transphosphorylation and hydrolysis transition states. A detailed analysis of active site structures and hydrogen-bond patterns is presented and compared. The integrity of the overall backbone structure is preserved in the simulations and supports a mechanism whereby His12 stabilizes accumulating negative charge at the transition states through hydrogen-bond donation to the nonbridge oxygens. Lys41 is shown to be highly versatile along the reaction coordinate and can aid in the stabilization of the dianionic transition state, while being poised to act as a general acid catalyst in the hydrolysis step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Formoso
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
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Dickson KA, Kang DK, Kwon YS, Kim JC, Leland PA, Kim BM, Chang SI, Raines RT. Ribonuclease inhibitor regulates neovascularization by human angiogenin. Biochemistry 2009; 48:3804-6. [PMID: 19354288 DOI: 10.1021/bi9005094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human angiogenin (ANG) is a homologue of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) that induces neovascularization. ANG is the only human angiogenic factor that possesses ribonucleolytic activity. To stimulate blood vessel growth, ANG must be transported to the nucleus and must retain its catalytic activity. Like other mammalian homologues of RNase A, ANG forms a femtomolar complex with the cytosolic ribonuclease inhibitor protein (RI). To determine whether RI affects ANG-induced angiogenesis, we created G85R/G86R ANG, which possesses 10(6)-fold lower affinity for RI but retains wild-type ribonucleolytic activity. The neovascularization of rabbit corneas by G85R/G86R ANG was more pronounced and more rapid than by wild-type ANG. These findings provide the first direct evidence that RI serves to regulate the biological activity of ANG in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Dickson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1544, USA
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Ibaragi S, Yoshioka N, Kishikawa H, Hu JK, Sadow PM, Li M, Hu GF. Angiogenin-stimulated rRNA transcription is essential for initiation and survival of AKT-induced prostate intraepithelial neoplasia. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7:415-24. [PMID: 19258415 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-08-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG), originally identified as an angiogenic ribonuclease, has recently been shown to play a direct role in prostate cancer cell proliferation by mediating rRNA transcription. ANG is up-regulated in human prostate cancer and is the most significantly up-regulated gene in AKT-driven prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) in mice. Enhanced cell proliferation in the PIN lesions requires increased ribosome biogenesis, a multistep process involving an orchestrated production of ribosomal proteins and rRNA. AKT is known to enhance ribosomal protein production through the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. However, it was unknown how rRNA is proportionally increased. Here, we report that ANG is essential for AKT-driven PIN formation and survival. We showed that up-regulation of ANG in the AKT-overexpressing mouse prostates is an early and lasting event. It occurs before PIN initiation and lasts beyond PIN is fully developed. Knocking down ANG expression by intraprostate injection of lentivirus-mediated ANG-specific small interfering RNA prevents AKT-induced PIN formation without affecting AKT expression and its signaling through the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Neomycin, an aminoglycoside that blocks nuclear translocation of ANG, and N65828, a small-molecule enzymatic inhibitor of the ribonucleolytic activity of ANG, both prevent AKT-induced PIN formation and reverse established PIN. They also decrease nucleolar organizer region, restore cell size, and normalize luminal architectures of the prostate despite continuous activation of AKT. All three types of the ANG inhibitor suppress rRNA transcription of the prostate luminal epithelial cells and inhibit AKT-induced PIN, indicating an essential role of ANG in AKT-mediated cell proliferation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Ibaragi
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Samanta A, Leonidas DD, Dasgupta S, Pathak T, Zographos SE, Oikonomakos NG. Morpholino, Piperidino, and Pyrrolidino Derivatives of Pyrimidine Nucleosides as Inhibitors of Ribonuclease A: Synthesis, Biochemical, and Crystallographic Evaluation,. J Med Chem 2009; 52:932-42. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800724t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India, and Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Demetres D. Leonidas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India, and Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Swagata Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India, and Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Tanmaya Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India, and Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Spyros E. Zographos
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India, and Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos G. Oikonomakos
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India, and Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
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Kishikawa H, Wu D, Hu GF. Targeting angiogenin in therapy of amyotropic lateral sclerosis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2008; 12:1229-42. [PMID: 18781822 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.12.10.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Missense heterozygous mutations in the coding region of angiogenin (ANG) gene, encoding a 14 kDa angiogenic RNase, were recently found in patients of amyotropic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Functional analyses have shown that these are loss-of-function mutations, implying that angiogenin deficiency is associated with ALS pathogenesis and that increasing ANG expression or angiogenin activity could be a novel approach for ALS therapy. OBJECTIVE Review the evidence showing the involvement of angiogenin in motor neuron physiology and function, and provide a rationale for targeting angiogenin in ALS therapy. METHODS Review the current understanding of the mechanism of angiogenin action in connection with ALS genetics, pathogenesis and therapy. CONCLUSION ANG is the first gene whose loss-of-function mutations are associated with ALS pathogenesis. Therapeutic modulation of angiogenin level and activity in the spinal cord, either by systemic delivery of angiogenin protein or through retrograde transport of ANG-encoding viral particles, may be beneficial for ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Kishikawa
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Pathology, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Zhang H, Gao X, Weng C, Xu Z. Interaction between angiogenin and fibulin 1: evidence and implication. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2008; 40:375-80. [PMID: 18465022 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2008.00420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin is an angiogenic factor involved in tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism of angiogenin's action remains elusive. In the present study, we identified fibulin 1, an extracellular matrix and plasma glycoprotein, as an angiogenin-interacting molecule by yeast two-hybrid screening. This interaction was further confirmed by two different approaches. First, fibulin 1 was co-immunoprecipitated with angiogenin by anti-angiogenin monoclonal antibody in vitro, suggesting angiogenin binds with fibulin 1 directly. Then fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis showed that fibulin 1 interacted with angiogenin in COS-7 cells, showing that the binding could occur in a cellular context. As fibulin 1 plays an important role in cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and stabilizes new-forming blood vessel wall, the interaction between fibulin 1 and angiogenin might underline one possible mechanism of angiogenin in angiogenesis and/or tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Research Center for Environmental Genomics, and Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou.
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Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma secondary to an open fracture of the tibia: a case report and review of literature. South Med J 2008; 101:99-101. [PMID: 18176302 DOI: 10.1097/smj.0b013e31815d256e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is a highly malignant tumor in children and adolescents. It rarely occurs in adults. A 47-year-old patient presented with ERMS of the muscle flap transplant 20 years after an open type III-comminuted fracture of the lower leg. The affected leg was amputated. The patient refused adjuvant chemotherapy and one year after surgery remains disease-free and in good general condition.
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Gao X, Hu H, Zhu J, Xu Z. Identification and characterization of follistatin as a novel angiogenin-binding protein. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:5505-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2007] [Revised: 10/20/2007] [Accepted: 10/25/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Polydoridis S, Leonidas DD, Oikonomakos NG, Archontis G. Recognition of ribonuclease A by 3'-5'-pyrophosphate-linked dinucleotide inhibitors: a molecular dynamics/continuum electrostatics analysis. Biophys J 2007; 92:1659-72. [PMID: 17142283 PMCID: PMC1796809 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.106.093419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2006] [Accepted: 11/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteins of the pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A) family catalyze the cleavage of the RNA polymer chain. The development of RNase inhibitors is of significant interest, as some of these compounds may have a therapeutic effect in pathological conditions associated with these proteins. The most potent low molecular weight inhibitor of RNase reported to date is the compound 5'-phospho-2'-deoxyuridine-3-pyrophosphate (P-->5)-adenosine-3-phosphate (pdUppA-3'-p). The 3',5'-pyrophosphate group of this compound increases its affinity and introduces structural features which seem to be unique in pyrophosphate-containing ligands bound to RNase A, such as the adoption of a syn conformation by the adenosine base at RNase subsite B(2) and the placement of the 5'-beta-phosphate of the adenylate (instead of the alpha-phosphate) at subsite P(1) where the phosphodiester bond cleavage occurs. In this work, we study by multi-ns molecular dynamics simulations the structural properties of RNase A complexes with the ligand pdUppA-3'-p and the related weaker inhibitor dUppA, which lacks the 3' and 5' terminal phosphate groups of pdUppA-3'-p. The simulations show that the adenylate 5'-beta-phosphate binding position and the adenosine syn orientation constitute robust structural features in both complexes, stabilized by persistent interactions with specific active-site residues of subsites P(1) and B(2). The simulation structures are used in conjunction with a continuum-electrostatics (Poisson-Boltzmann) model, to evaluate the relative binding affinity of the two complexes. The computed relative affinity of pdUppA-3'-p varies between -7.9 kcal/mol and -2.8 kcal/mol for a range of protein/ligand dielectric constants (epsilon(p)) 2-20, in good agreement with the experimental value (-3.6 kcal/mol); the agreement becomes exact with epsilon(p) = 8. The success of the continuum-electrostatics model suggests that the differences in affinity of the two ligands originate mainly from electrostatic interactions. A residue decomposition of the electrostatic free energies shows that the terminal phosphate groups of pdUppA-3'-p make increased interactions with residues Lys(7) and Lys(66) of the more remote sites P(2) and P(0), and His(119) of site P(1).
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Leonidas DD, Maiti TK, Samanta A, Dasgupta S, Pathak T, Zographos SE, Oikonomakos NG. The binding of 3′-N-piperidine-4-carboxyl-3′-deoxy-ara-uridine to ribonuclease A in the crystal. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:6055-64. [PMID: 16730994 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2006] [Revised: 04/28/2006] [Accepted: 05/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The binding of a moderate inhibitor, 3'-N-piperidine-4-carboxyl-3'-deoxy-ara-uridine, to ribonuclease A has been studied by X-ray crystallography at 1.7A resolution. Two inhibitor molecules are bound in the central RNA binding cavity of RNase A exploiting interactions with residues from peripheral binding sites rather than from the active site of the enzyme. The uracyl moiety of the first inhibitor molecule occupies the purine-preferring site of RNase A, while the rest of the molecule projects to the solvent. The second inhibitor molecule binds with the carboxyl group at the pyrimidine recognition site and the uridine moiety exploits interactions with RNase A residues Lys66, His119 and Asp121. Comparative structural analysis of the 3'-N-piperidine-4-carboxyl-3'-deoxy-ara-uridine complex with other RNase A-ligand complexes provides a structural explanation of its potency. The crystal structure of the RNase A-3'-N-piperidine-4-carboxyl-3'-deoxy-ara-uridine complex provides evidence of a novel ligand-binding pattern in RNase A for 3'-N-aminonucleosides that was not anticipated by modelling studies, while it also suggests ways to improve the efficiency and selectivity of such compounds to develop pharmaceuticals against pathologies associated with RNase A homologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetres D Leonidas
- Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece.
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28
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Abstract
The binding of inosine 5' phosphate (IMP) to ribonuclease A has been studied by kinetic and X-ray crystallographic experiments at high (1.5 A) resolution. IMP is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme with respect to C>p and binds to the catalytic cleft by anchoring three IMP molecules in a novel binding mode. The three IMP molecules are connected to each other by hydrogen bond and van der Waals interactions and collectively occupy the B1R1P1B2P0P(-1) region of the ribonucleolytic active site. One of the IMP molecules binds with its nucleobase in the outskirts of the B2 subsite and interacts with Glu111 while its phosphoryl group binds in P1. Another IMP molecule binds by following the retro-binding mode previously observed only for guanosines with its nucleobase at B1 and the phosphoryl group in P(-1). The third IMP molecule binds in a novel mode towards the C-terminus. The RNase A-IMP complex provides structural evidence for the functional components of subsite P(-1) while it further supports the role inferred by other studies to Asn71 as the primary structural determinant for the adenine specificity of the B2 subsite. Comparative structural analysis of the IMP and AMP complexes highlights key aspects of the specificity of the base binding subsites of RNase A and provides a structural explanation for their potencies. The binding of IMP suggests ways to develop more potent inhibitors of the pancreatic RNase superfamily using this nucleotide as the starting point.
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Affiliation(s)
- George N Hatzopoulos
- Institute of Organic & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
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Hu H, Gao X, Sun Y, Zhou J, Yang M, Xu Z. Alpha-actinin-2, a cytoskeletal protein, binds to angiogenin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 329:661-7. [PMID: 15737636 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.01.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2005] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenin is an angiogenic factor which is involved in tumorigenesis. However, no particular intracellular protein is known to interact directly with angiogenin. In the present study, we reported the identification of alpha-actinin-2, an actin-crosslinking protein, as a potential angiogenin-interacting partner by yeast two-hybrid screening. This interaction was confirmed by different approaches. First, angiogenin was pulled down together with His-tagged alpha-actinin-2 by Ni(2+)-agarose resins. Second, alpha-actinin-2 was coimmunoprecipitated with angiogenin by anti-angiogenin monoclonal antibody. Third, the in vivo interaction of these two proteins was revealed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis. Since members of alpha-actinin family play pivotal roles in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, the interaction between alpha-actinin-2 and angiogenin may underline one possible mechanism of angiogenin in angiogenesis. Our finding presents the first evidence of an interaction of a cytosolic protein with angiogenin, which might be a novel interference target for anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Hu
- Research Center for Environmental Genomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310031, China
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30
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Dickson KA, Haigis MC, Raines RT. Ribonuclease inhibitor: structure and function. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2005; 80:349-74. [PMID: 16164979 PMCID: PMC2811166 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(05)80009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Dickson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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31
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Rajashekhar G, Loganath A, Roy AC, Wong YC. Over-expression and secretion of angiogenin in intrauterine growth retardation placenta. Mol Reprod Dev 2003; 64:397-404. [PMID: 12589651 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.10229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Human angiogenin is a potent inducer of neovascularization. There is a strong evidence to suggest that it might be involved in morphological and angiogenic changes in the placenta, that are necessary for a successful fetal outcome during pregnancy. However, its precise role in the pathogenesis of abnormal pregnancies is yet unknown. Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), an abnormal pregnancy is not a specific disease entity per se, but rather a manifestation of many possible fetal and maternal disorders. In this study, we demonstrated, for the first time, that placental explants in vitro secrete significantly elevated levels of angiogenin in placental tissues from patients with IUGR. We also observed enhanced mRNA expression in placenta from these patients. In addition, using the immunohistochemical methods, we observed identical staining of angiogenin to villous syncytiotrophobalst and fetal endothelial cells in both IUGR and normal placenta. Functionally active placental explants were used to detect immunoreactive angiogenin in conditioned media of all the samples from IUGR placenta and normal term group. The mean levels of angiogenin secreted by IUGR placenta were 1.4-, 1.6-, and 1.3-fold higher (P < 0.01) than normal term samples at 24, 48, and 72 hr of culture, respectively. Expression profiles of angiogenin from term and IUGR cases are in agreement with its mRNA levels and immunoblot analysis. In conclusion, the significant elevated levels of angiogenin in IUGR placenta may provide a molecular mechanism for the abnormal placental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rajashekhar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074
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