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Kuzmin IV, Soto Acosta R, Pruitt L, Wasdin PT, Kedarinath K, Hernandez KR, Gonzales KA, Hill K, Weidner NG, Mire C, Engdahl TB, Moon WJ, Popov V, Crowe JE, Georgiev IS, Garcia-Blanco MA, Abbott RK, Bukreyev A. Comparison of uridine and N1-methylpseudouridine mRNA platforms in development of an Andes virus vaccine. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6421. [PMID: 39080316 PMCID: PMC11289437 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The rodent-borne Andes virus (ANDV) causes a severe disease in humans. We developed an ANDV mRNA vaccine based on the M segment of the viral genome, either with regular uridine (U-mRNA) or N1-methylpseudouridine (m1Ψ-mRNA). Female mice immunized by m1Ψ-mRNA developed slightly greater germinal center (GC) responses than U-mRNA-immunized mice. Single cell RNA and BCR sequencing of the GC B cells revealed similar levels of activation, except an additional cluster of cells exhibiting interferon response in animals vaccinated with U-mRNA but not m1Ψ-mRNA. Similar immunoglobulin class-switching and somatic hypermutations were observed in response to the vaccines. Female Syrian hamsters were immunized via a prime-boost regimen with two doses of each vaccine. The titers of glycoprotein-binding antibodies were greater for U-mRNA construct than for m1Ψ-mRNA construct; however, the titers of ANDV-neutralizing antibodies were similar. Vaccinated animals were challenged with a lethal dose of ANDV, along with a naïve control group. All control animals and two animals vaccinated with a lower dose of m1Ψ-mRNA succumbed to infection whereas other vaccinated animals survived without evidence of virus replication. The data demonstrate the development of a protective vaccine against ANDV and the lack of a substantial effect of m1Ψ modification on immunogenicity and protection in rodents.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Mice
- Mesocricetus
- Uridine
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Orthohantavirus/immunology
- Orthohantavirus/genetics
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Germinal Center/immunology
- Pseudouridine/immunology
- Cricetinae
- mRNA Vaccines
- Hemorrhagic Fever, American/prevention & control
- Hemorrhagic Fever, American/immunology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, American/virology
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- RNA, Viral/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Humans
- Vaccine Development
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Kuzmin
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ruben Soto Acosta
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Layne Pruitt
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Perry T Wasdin
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kritika Kedarinath
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Keziah R Hernandez
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kristyn A Gonzales
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kharighan Hill
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Nicole G Weidner
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Chad Mire
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Taylor B Engdahl
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Vsevolod Popov
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - James E Crowe
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ivelin S Georgiev
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mariano A Garcia-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Robert K Abbott
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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2
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Zhang X, Tang K, Zhang C, Jia X, Hu H, Liu H, Li N, Zhuang R, Jin B, Ma Y, Zhang Y. HTNV infection induces activation and deficiency of CD8+MAIT cells in HFRS patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 211:1-14. [PMID: 36480318 PMCID: PMC9993462 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaan virus (HTNV) infection causes an epidemic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) mainly in Asia. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes known to play an important role in innate host defense during virus infection. However, their roles and phenotypes during HTNV infection have not yet been explored. We characterized CD8+MAIT cells from HFRS patients based on scRNA-seq data combined with flow cytometry data. We showed that HTNV infection caused the loss and activation of CD8+MAIT cells in the peripheral blood, which were correlated with disease severity. The production of granzyme B and IFN-γ from CD8+MAIT cells and the limitation of HTNV replication in endothelia cells indicated the anti-viral property of CD8+MAIT cells. In addition, in vitro infection of MAIT cells by HTNV or HTNV-exposed monocytes showed that the activation of MAIT cells was IL-18 mediated. In conclusion, this study identified, for the first time, gene expression profiles of MAIT cells, provided underlying molecular mechanisms for activation of MAIT cells during HTNV infection, and suggested a potential anti-viral role of MAIT cells in HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yan’an university, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Xiyue Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yan’an university, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Kang Tang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | | | - Haifeng Hu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi’an 710038, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi΄an 710032, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ran Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Boquan Jin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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3
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Parvate A, Sengupta R, Williams EP, Xue Y, Chu YK, Stahelin RV, Jonsson CB. Cryofixation of Inactivated Hantavirus-Infected Cells as a Method for Obtaining High-Quality Ultrastructural Preservation for Electron Microscopic Studies. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:580339. [PMID: 33240823 PMCID: PMC7677528 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.580339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses rewire the host cell and induce extensive membrane rearrangements for their replication and the morphogenesis of the virion. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique for imaging these pathological membrane changes especially when combined with large volume electron tomography. Excellent preservation of membrane structure can be obtained when chemical fixation is combined with cryofixation via high pressure freezing making the samples amenable to serial-section tomographic reconstruction. Taking advantage of this, we have optimized a hybrid method that employs aldehyde fixation, a step that is essential for virus inactivation, followed by high-pressure freezing for ultrastructural study of Hantaan (HTN) and Andes (AND) virus infected Vero E6 cells. HTNV and ANDV are two species of the Orthohantavirus, from the Old and New World, respectively, and the causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in humans. We applied the method for the qualitative assessment of the perturbation of the endomembrane system induced by HTNV and ANDV in infected vs. mock-infected cells. Screening of serial-sections revealed consistency of membrane preservation across large volumes indicating potential of these samples for tomographic studies. Images revealed large-scale perturbations of the endomembrane system following HTNV-infection that included the dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus. Infected cells exhibited a tendency to accumulate large numbers of vacuoles that were especially apparent in ANDV. In summary, our hybrid method provides a path for the study of BSL-3 pathogens using cutting edge 3D-imaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Parvate
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Ranjan Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and the Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Evan P. Williams
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yi Xue
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yong-Kyu Chu
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Robert V. Stahelin
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and the Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Colleen B. Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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4
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Ma H, Han P, Ye W, Chen H, Zheng X, Cheng L, Zhang L, Yu L, Wu X, Xu Z, Lei Y, Zhang F. The Long Noncoding RNA NEAT1 Exerts Antihantaviral Effects by Acting as Positive Feedback for RIG-I Signaling. J Virol 2017; 91:e02250-16. [PMID: 28202761 PMCID: PMC5391460 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02250-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus infection, which causes zoonotic diseases with a high mortality rate in humans, has long been a global public health concern. Over the past decades, accumulating evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key regulatory roles in innate immunity. However, the involvement of host lncRNAs in hantaviral control remains uncharacterized. In this study, we identified the lncRNA NEAT1 as a vital antiviral modulator. NEAT1 was dramatically upregulated after Hantaan virus (HTNV) infection, whereas its downregulation in vitro or in vivo delayed host innate immune responses and aggravated HTNV replication. Ectopic expression of NEAT1 enhanced beta interferon (IFN-β) production and suppressed HTNV infection. Further investigation suggested that NEAT1 served as positive feedback for RIG-I signaling. HTNV infection activated NEAT1 transcription through the RIG-I-IRF7 pathway, whereas NEAT1 removed the transcriptional inhibitory effects of the splicing factor proline- and glutamine-rich protein (SFPQ) by relocating SFPQ to paraspeckles, thus promoting the expression of RIG-I and DDX60. RIG-I and DDX60 had synergic effects on IFN production. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that NEAT1 modulates the innate immune response against HTNV infection, providing another layer of information about the role of lncRNAs in controlling viral infections.IMPORTANCE Hantaviruses have attracted worldwide attention as archetypal emerging pathogens. Recently, increasing evidence has highlighted long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as key regulators of innate immunity; however, their roles in hantavirus infection remain unknown. In the present work, a new unexplored function of lncRNA NEAT1 in controlling HTNV replication was found. NEAT1 promoted interferon (IFN) responses by acting as positive feedback for RIG-I signaling. This lncRNA was induced by HTNV through the RIG-I-IRF7 pathway in a time- and dose-dependent manner and promoted HTNV-induced IFN production by facilitating RIG-I and DDX60 expression. Intriguingly, NEAT1 relocated SFPQ and formed paraspeckles after HTNV infection, which might reverse inhibitive effects of SFPQ on the transcription of RIG-I and DDX60. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to address the regulatory role of the lncRNA NEAT1 in host innate immunity after HTNV infection. In summary, our findings provide additional insights regarding the role of lncRNAs in controlling viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peijun Han
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hesong Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuyang Zheng
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linfeng Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing'an Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhikai Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingfeng Lei
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fanglin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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5
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Ling J, Vaheri A, Hepojoki S, Levanov L, Jääskeläinen A, Henttonen H, Vapalahti O, Sironen T, Hepojoki J. Serological survey of Seewis virus antibodies in patients suspected for hantavirus infection in Finland; a cross-reaction between Puumala virus antiserum with Seewis virus N protein? J Gen Virol 2015; 96:1664-75. [PMID: 25787939 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Puumala virus (PUUV, carried by Myodes glareolus) co-circulates with Seewis virus (SWSV, carried by Sorex araneus) in Finland. While PUUV causes 1000-3000 nephropathia epidemica (NE) cases annually, the pathogenicity of SWSV to man is unknown. To study the prevalence of SWSV antibodies in hantavirus fever-like patients' sera, we used recombinant SWSV nucleocapsid (N) protein as the antigen in ELISA, immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and immunoblotting. While characterizing the recombinant SWSV N protein, we observed that a polyclonal rabbit antiserum against PUUV N protein cross-reacted with SWSV N protein and vice versa. We initially screened 486 (450 PUUV-seronegative and 36 PUUV-seropositive) samples sent to Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory for PUUV serodiagnosis during 2002 and 2007 in an SWSV N protein IgG ELISA. In total, 4.2 % (19/450) of the PUUV-seronegative samples were reactive in the SWSV N protein IgG ELISA and none of the tested samples [43 PUUV-seronegative (weakly reactive in the SWSV IgG ELISA) and 15 random] were reactive in the SWSV N protein IgM ELISA. None of the IgG reactions could be confirmed by IFA or immunoblotting. Furthermore, among the 36 PUUV-seropositive samples three were reactive in SWSV N protein IgG and ten in SWSV N protein IgM ELISA. One PUUV-seropositive sample reacted with SWSV N protein in IFA and four in immunoblotting. Finally, we applied competitive ELISA to confirm that the observed reactivity was due to cross-reactivity rather than a true SWSV response. In conclusion, no evidence of SWSV infection was found among the 486 samples studied; however, we did demonstrate that PUUV antiserum cross-reacted with shrew-borne hantavirus N protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Ling
- 1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vaheri
- 1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 2Department of Virology and Immunology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital
| | - Satu Hepojoki
- 1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lev Levanov
- 1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Jääskeläinen
- 1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 2Department of Virology and Immunology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital
| | | | - Olli Vapalahti
- 1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 2Department of Virology and Immunology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital 4Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Sironen
- 1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Hepojoki
- 1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Hantavirus Gn and Gc envelope glycoproteins: key structural units for virus cell entry and virus assembly. Viruses 2014; 6:1801-22. [PMID: 24755564 PMCID: PMC4014721 DOI: 10.3390/v6041801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, ultrastructural studies of viral surface spikes from three different genera within the Bunyaviridae family have revealed a remarkable diversity in their spike organization. Despite this structural heterogeneity, in every case the spikes seem to be composed of heterodimers formed by Gn and Gc envelope glycoproteins. In this review, current knowledge of the Gn and Gc structures and their functions in virus cell entry and exit is summarized. During virus cell entry, the role of Gn and Gc in receptor binding has not yet been determined. Nevertheless, biochemical studies suggest that the subsequent virus-membrane fusion activity is accomplished by Gc. Further, a class II fusion protein conformation has been predicted for Gc of hantaviruses, and novel crystallographic data confirmed such a fold for the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) Gc protein. During virus cell exit, the assembly of different viral components seems to be established by interaction of Gn and Gc cytoplasmic tails (CT) with internal viral ribonucleocapsids. Moreover, recent findings show that hantavirus glycoproteins accomplish important roles during virus budding since they self-assemble into virus-like particles. Collectively, these novel insights provide essential information for gaining a more detailed understanding of Gn and Gc functions in the early and late steps of the hantavirus infection cycle.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: Hantaviruses productively infect endothelial cells in their rodent reservoirs and humans, but the infection only causes disease in humans – hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Despite the enormous progress that has been made in understanding the pathogenesis and immune responses of hantavirus infection, there is a large gap in our molecular-based knowledge of hantaviral proteins in their structures, functions and the mechanisms that facilitate their entry, replication and assembly. Importantly, we know little about the specific viral determinants and viral protein–host interactions that drive differences noted in immune responses between the reservoir and humans. This review discusses our current understanding and future work needed for unraveling the biology of these viruses in their reservoirs and in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C McAllister
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense & Emerging Infectious Diseases, KY, USA
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense & Emerging Infectious Diseases, KY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Departments of Microbiology & Immunology & Pharmacology & Toxicology, Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense & Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Clinical & Translational Research Building, 505 South Hancock Avenue, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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8
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Hantavirus Gn and Gc glycoproteins self-assemble into virus-like particles. J Virol 2013; 88:2344-8. [PMID: 24335294 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03118-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
How hantaviruses assemble and exit infected cells remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the expression of Andes (ANDV) and Puumala (PUUV) hantavirus Gn and Gc envelope glycoproteins lead to their self-assembly into virus-like particles (VLPs) which were released to cell supernatants. The viral nucleoprotein was not required for particle formation. Further, a Gc endodomain deletion mutant did not abrogate VLP formation. The VLPs were pleomorphic, exposed protrusions and reacted with patient sera.
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9
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Lee MH, Lalwani P, Raftery MJ, Matthaei M, Lütteke N, Kirsanovs S, Binder M, Ulrich RG, Giese T, Wolff T, Krüger DH, Schönrich G. RNA helicase retinoic acid-inducible gene I as a sensor of Hantaan virus replication. J Gen Virol 2011; 92:2191-2200. [PMID: 21632559 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.032367-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaan virus (HTNV) causes severe human disease. The HTNV genome consists of three ssRNA segments of negative polarity that are complexed with viral nucleocapsid (N) protein. How the human innate immune system detects HTNV is unclear. RNA helicase retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) does not sense genomic HTNV RNA. So far it has not been analysed whether pathogen-associated molecular patterns generated during the HTNV replication trigger RIG-I-mediated innate responses. Indeed, we found that knock-down of RIG-I in A549 cells, an alveolar epithelial cell line, increases HTNV replication and prevents induction of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase, an interferon-stimulated gene. Moreover, overexpression of wild-type or constitutive active RIG-I in Huh7.5 cells lacking a functional RIG-I diminished HTNV virion production. Intriguingly, reporter assays revealed that in vitro-transcribed HTNV N RNA and expression of the HTNV N ORF triggers RIG-I signalling. This effect was completely blocked by the RNA-binding domain of vaccinia virus E3 protein, suggesting that dsRNA-like secondary structures of HTNV N RNA stimulate RIG-I. Finally, transfection of HTNV N RNA into A549 cells resulted in a 2 log-reduction of viral titres upon challenge with virus. Our study is the first demonstration that RIG-I mediates antiviral innate responses induced by HTNV N RNA during HTNV replication and interferes with HTNV growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hi Lee
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pritesh Lalwani
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin J Raftery
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Nina Lütteke
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sina Kirsanovs
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marco Binder
- Department of Molecular Virology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer G Ulrich
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Institute for Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, D-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Thomas Giese
- Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Detlev H Krüger
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
| | - Günther Schönrich
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
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10
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Recognition of decay accelerating factor and alpha(v)beta(3) by inactivated hantaviruses: Toward the development of high-throughput screening flow cytometry assays. Anal Biochem 2010; 402:151-60. [PMID: 20363206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2010] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hantaviruses cause two severe diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The lack of vaccines or specific drugs to prevent or treat HFRS and HCPS and the requirement for conducting experiments in a biosafety level 3 laboratory (BSL-3) limit the ability to probe the mechanism of infection and disease pathogenesis. In this study, we developed a generalizable spectroscopic assay to quantify saturable fluorophore sites solubilized in envelope membranes of Sin Nombre virus (SNV) particles. We then used flow cytometry and live cell confocal fluorescence microscopy imaging to show that ultraviolet (UV)-killed SNV particles bind to the cognate receptors of live virions, namely, decay accelerating factor (DAF/CD55) expressed on Tanoue B cells and alpha(v)beta(3) integrins expressed on Vero E6 cells. SNV binding to DAF is multivalent and of high affinity (K(d) approximately 26pM). Self-exchange competition binding assays between fluorescently labeled SNV and unlabeled SNV are used to evaluate an infectious unit-to-particle ratio of approximately 1:14,000. We configured the assay for measuring the binding of fluorescently labeled SNV to Tanoue B suspension cells using a high-throughput flow cytometer. In this way, we established a proof-of-principle high-throughput screening (HTS) assay for binding inhibition. This is a first step toward developing HTS format assays for small molecule inhibitors of viral-cell interactions as well as dissecting the mechanism of infection in a BSL-2 environment.
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Abstract
The emerging viral diseases haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) are a cause of global concern as they are increasingly reported from newer regions of the world. The hantavirus species causing HFRS include Hantaan virus,Seoul virus, Puumala virus, and Dobrava-Belgrade virus while Sin Nombre virus was responsible for the 1993 outbreak of HCPS in the Four Corners Region of the US. Humans are accidental hosts and get infected by aerosols generated from contaminated urine,feces and saliva of infected rodents. Rodents are the natural hosts of these viruses and develop persistent infection. Human to human infections are rare and the evolution of the virus depends largely on that of the rodent host. The first hantavirus isolate to be cultured, Thottapalayam virus,is the only indigenous isolate from India,isolated from an insectivore in 1964 in Vellore, South India. Research on hantaviruses in India has been slow but steady since 2005. Serological investigation of patients with pyrexic illness revealed presence of anti-hantavirus IgM antibodies in 14.7% of them. The seropositivity of hantavirus infections in the general population is about 4% and people who live and work in close proximity with rodents have a greater risk of acquiring hantavirus infections. Molecular and serological evidence of hantavirus infections in rodents and man has also been documented in this country. The present review on hantaviruses is to increase awareness of these emerging pathogens and the threats they pose to the public health system.
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Ramanathan HN, Jonsson CB. New and Old World hantaviruses differentially utilize host cytoskeletal components during their life cycles. Virology 2008; 374:138-50. [PMID: 18234268 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently we reported that the N protein of the Old World hantavirus, Hantaan (HTNV), traffics on microtubules to the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) prior to its movement to the Golgi and requires an intact ERGIC for viral replication. We have extended these studies to the New World hantaviruses, Andes virus (ANDV) and Black Creek Canal virus (BCCV), and an additional Old World hantavirus, Seoul virus (SEOV). These studies support microtubule-dependent trafficking of the N protein to ERGIC within the perinuclear region for the New and Old World hantaviruses. However, we observed that early entry events were distinct for HTNV and ANDV with respect to the pathway for entry and the dependence on an intact actin (ANDV) versus microtubule (HTNV) cytoskeleton for viral replication. These studies show for the first time that while Old and New World hantaviruses share common features in their pathways, they have evolved differences in their interaction with host cell machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish N Ramanathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Xu F, Yang Z, Wang L, Lee YL, Yang CC, Xiao SY, Xiao H, Wen L. Morphological characterization of hantavirus HV114 by electron microscopy. Intervirology 2007; 50:166-72. [PMID: 17259735 DOI: 10.1159/000098959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2005] [Accepted: 04/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was sought to investigate the propagation and morphogenesis of a new strain of hantavirus, HV114. METHODS The urine of patient with epidemic hemorrhagic fever was inoculated to Vero E6 cells for the virus isolation. Electron microscopy was used to observe the isolated virus, HV114 and the variation of infected Vero E6 cells. RESULTS According to our observations, the size (90-120 nm) of HV114 is smaller than that reported previously as 110- 160 nm. While ribosome-like particles associated with virions originating from rodent hantaviruses were not observed in HV114, virion budding was exhibited. It suggests that the dumbbell-shaped particles may generated from the process of virion budding. The budding processes suggest that there are several sites for HV114 assembly and maturation, including the host endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi compartment and the host plasma membranes. CONCLUSIONS The HV114 isolated from the urine of the patient is differed from other hantaviruses which were isolated from rat organs. HV114 might undergo changes during the viral transmission process from rodents to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangling Xu
- Institute of Virology, Medical College, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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Tischler ND, Gonzalez A, Perez-Acle T, Rosemblatt M, Valenzuela PDT. Hantavirus Gc glycoprotein: evidence for a class II fusion protein. J Gen Virol 2006; 86:2937-2947. [PMID: 16227214 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.81083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus cell entry is promoted by its envelope glycoproteins, Gn and Gc, through cell attachment and by fusion between viral and endosomal membranes at low pH. However, the role of Gn and Gc in receptor binding and cell fusion has not yet been defined. In this work, a sequence presenting characteristics similar to those of class II fusion peptides (FPs) of alphavirus E1 and flavivirus E proteins is identified within the hantavirus Gc glycoprotein. A three-dimensional comparative molecular model based on crystallographic data of tick-borne encephalitis virus E protein is proposed for the Andes virus (ANDV) Gc ectodomain, which supports a feasible class II fusion-protein fold. In vitro experimental evidence is provided for the binding activity of the ANDV FP candidate to artificial membranes, as demonstrated by fluorescence anisotropy assays. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that the Gc glycoprotein of hantaviruses and of other members of the family Bunyaviridae directs the viral fusion activity and that it may be classified as a class II viral fusion protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Tischler
- Instituto Milenio MIFAB, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
- Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angel Gonzalez
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomas Perez-Acle
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Rosemblatt
- Universidad Andrés Bello, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto Milenio MIFAB, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
- Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo D T Valenzuela
- Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto Milenio MIFAB, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad Andrés Bello, Zañartu 1482, Santiago, Chile
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Maes P, Clement J, Gavrilovskaya I, Van Ranst M. Hantaviruses: Immunology, Treatment, and Prevention. Viral Immunol 2004; 17:481-97. [PMID: 15671746 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2004.17.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are rodent-borne bunyaviruses that are associated with two main clinical diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. It has been suggested that host-related immune mechanisms rather than direct viral cytopathology may be responsible for the principal abnormality (vascular dysfunction) in these syndromes. This review summarizes the current knowledge on hantaviral host immune responses, immune abnormalities, laboratory diagnosis, and antiviral therapy as well as the current approaches in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piet Maes
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Hjelle B, Jenison SA, Goade DE, Green WB, Feddersen RM, Scott AA. Hantaviruses: clinical, microbiologic, and epidemiologic aspects. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 1995; 32:469-508. [PMID: 8561891 DOI: 10.3109/10408369509082592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hantaviruses comprise a genus of the family Bunyaviridae. Bunyaviruses are enveloped viruses with a negative-sense, tripartite RNA genome. Hantaviruses are etiologic agents for two acute and severe illnesses of man, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Each hantavirus is primarily associated with a single rodent host species or genus, and is transmitted to man through accidental inhalation or ingestion of virus-contaminated rodent excreta. The distribution of hantaviruses is worldwide. HFRS is caused by infection with Hantaan, Seoul, Dobrava/Belgrade, and Puumala hantaviruses, all of which are enzootic in murid rodents of Old World origin. HPS is caused by any of several hantavirus species associated with indigenous New World rodents of the subfamily Sigmodontinae, family Muridae. HFRS and HPS have numerous common epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics. Common features include fever, myalgia, thrombocytopenia, neutrophilia, and a profound capillary leak syndrome associated with hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and shock. Worldwide, HPS is much less common than HFRS but is associated with a higher mortality rate. Recovery from hantavirus disease is generally complete, although chronic renal insufficiency may be a rare sequel of HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hjelle
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, USA
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Virus-like particles with T = 19 icosahedral symmetry in a human gastroenteritis stool. MICRON AND MICROSCOPICA ACTA 1985. [PMCID: PMC7148831 DOI: 10.1016/0739-6260(85)90061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Virus-like particles not previously described were observed in a human gastroenteritis stool using negative-stain TEM. The stool was among a number of acute-phase illness stools which had been collected in Egypt during 1980. The particles measured 65–70 nm in diameter, and it was possible to detect individual capsomeres on many of these particles. The capsomeric pattern identified on the particles corresponded to an icosahedrally symmetric T = 19 capsid. Distinctive five-fold vertices, usually appearing as darker spots on the capsid, were an additional feature of these particles. The capsid structure, which is skew, could readily be distinguished from the T = 25 capsid of adenovirus and the holey capsids of rotavirus and reovirus. Antibody to the particles was detected in both the shedding individual's acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens using IEM, although an antibody increase was not demonstrated.
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Hung T, Xia SM, Zhao TX, Zhou JY, Song G, Liao GX, Ye WW, Chu YL, Hang CS. Morphological evidence for identifying the viruses of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome as candidate members of the Bunyaviridae family. Brief report. Arch Virol 1983; 78:137-44. [PMID: 6139996 DOI: 10.1007/bf01310869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Thin section immuno-electron microscopy has been successfully applied to investigate and identify the classical and mild form of HFRS viruses isolated in the People's Republic of China. The results showed that all the 8 strains studied (derived from different parts of China, adapted in different cell lines) share a common morphology and morphogenesis. Essentially, the viruses possess characteristics of members of the Bunyaviridae Family, however, differing by a larger size and size variation and formation of cytoplasmic viral inclusions.
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Lähdevirta J, Enger E, Hunderi OH, Traavik T, Lee HW. Hantaan virus is related to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Norway. Lancet 1982; 2:606. [PMID: 6125745 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)90678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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21
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Goldgaber D, Lee PW, Fukatsu R, Amyx HL, Gibbs CJ, Gajdusek DC, Lee HW. Reovirus type 2 in strains of Korean haemorrhagic fever virus. Lancet 1982; 1:1184-5. [PMID: 6122957 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)92248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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White JD, Shirey FG, French GR, Huggins JW, Brand OM, Lee HW. Hantaan virus, aetiological agent of Korean haemorrhagic fever, has Bunyaviridae-like morphology. Lancet 1982; 1:768-71. [PMID: 6121226 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)91813-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Spherical to oval particles with a unit membrane and subunit surface structure were demonstrated by negative-contrast staining of supernatant fluids of A-549 cell cultures infected with strain 76-118 of Hantaan virus. The particles had an average diameter of about 95 nm, with a range of 80 to 110 nm. Similar particles were isolated by buoyant density fractionation in sucrose gradients. In four separate experiments, infectivity cosedimented with 95 nm particles at buoyant densities from 1.15 to 1.18 g/ml. Immunoaggregation of the virions was specifically produced by antisera obtained after Hantaan virus infection of man and rabbit. The known physicochemical and morphological properties of these particles are compatible with those generally reported for the Bunyaviridae family of viruses.
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McCormick JB, Sasso DR, Palmer EL, Kiley MP. Morphological identification of the agent of Korean haemorrhagic fever (Hantaan virus)as a member of the Bunyaviridae. Lancet 1982; 1:765-8. [PMID: 6121225 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)91812-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Korean haemorrhagic fever (KHF) (Hantaan virus), a rodent-borne viral illness, is an important cause of human disease throughout much of Asia and Eastern Europe. The agent responsible for KHF has not yet been conclusively identified. Plaque-purified KHF virus was concentrated and then banded in a potassium tartrate gradient. Material from the 1.17-1.19 g/ml band was examined by electron microscopy and particles with a morphology identical to that of the family Bunyaviridae were found. The particles were aggregated by KHF serum but not by saline solution or non-immune serum. Identification of KHF virus as a member of the family Bunyaviridae implies a potential for spread by arthropod vectors.
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