1
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Shen G, Green HL, Franzen RE, Berman JI, Dipiero M, Mowad TG, Bloy L, Liu S, Airey M, Goldin S, Ku M, McBride E, Blaskey L, Kuschner ES, Kim M, Konka K, Roberts TPL, Edgar JC. Resting-State Activity in Children: Replicating and Extending Findings of Early Maturation of Alpha Rhythms in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:1961-1976. [PMID: 36932271 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05926-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Resting-state alpha brain rhythms provide a foundation for basic as well as higher-order brain processes. Research suggests atypical maturation of the peak frequency of resting-state alpha activity (= PAF) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study examined resting-state alpha activity in young school-aged children, obtaining magnetoencephalographic (MEG) eyes-closed resting-state data from 47 typically developing (TD) males and 45 ASD males 6.0 to 9.3 years old. Results confirmed a higher PAF in ASD versus TD, and demonstrated that alpha power differences between groups were linked to the shift of PAF in ASD. Additionally, a higher PAF was associated with better cognitive performance in TD but not ASD. Finding thus suggested functional consequences of group differences in resting-state alpha activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Shen
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Heather L Green
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rose E Franzen
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey I Berman
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marissa Dipiero
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Theresa G Mowad
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luke Bloy
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Megan Airey
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sophia Goldin
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Ku
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emma McBride
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Blaskey
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Autism Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emily S Kuschner
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Autism Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mina Kim
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kimberly Konka
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy P L Roberts
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Christopher Edgar
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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2
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Kang JH, Bae JH, Jeon YJ. Age-Related Characteristics of Resting-State Electroencephalographic Signals and the Corresponding Analytic Approaches: A Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:418. [PMID: 38790286 PMCID: PMC11118246 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of the effects of aging on neural activity in the human brain has attracted considerable attention in neurophysiological, neuropsychiatric, and neurocognitive research, as it is directly linked to an understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying the disruption of the brain structures and functions that lead to age-related pathological disorders. Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals recorded during resting-state conditions have been widely used because of the significant advantage of non-invasive signal acquisition with higher temporal resolution. These advantages include the capability of a variety of linear and nonlinear signal analyses and state-of-the-art machine-learning and deep-learning techniques. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) can not only reveal the neural mechanisms underlying aging but also enable the assessment of brain age reliably by means of the age-related characteristics of EEG signals. This paper reviews the literature on the age-related features, available analytic methods, large-scale resting-state EEG databases, interpretations of the resulting findings, and recent advances in age-related AI models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hwan Kang
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.K.); (J.-H.B.)
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Han Bae
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.K.); (J.-H.B.)
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ju Jeon
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.K.); (J.-H.B.)
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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3
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Schneider JM, Behboudi MH, Maguire MJ. The Necessity of Taking Culture and Context into Account When Studying the Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Brain Development. Brain Sci 2024; 14:392. [PMID: 38672041 PMCID: PMC11048655 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Decades of research has revealed a relationship between childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and brain development at the structural and functional levels. Of particular note is the distinction between income and maternal education, two highly correlated factors which seem to influence brain development through distinct pathways. Specifically, while a families' income-to-needs ratio is linked with physiological stress and household chaos, caregiver education influences the day-to-day language environment a child is exposed to. Variability in either one of these environmental experiences is related to subsequent brain development. While this work has the potential to inform public policies in a way that benefits children, it can also oversimplify complex factors, unjustly blame low-SES parents, and perpetuate a harmful deficit perspective. To counteract these shortcomings, researchers must consider sociodemographic differences in the broader cultural context that underlie SES-based differences in brain development. This review aims to address these issues by (a) identifying how sociodemographic mechanisms associated with SES influence the day-to-day experiences of children, in turn, impacting brain development, while (b) considering the broader cultural contexts that may differentially impact this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M. Schneider
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Louisiana State University, 72 Hatcher Hall, Field House Drive, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
| | - Mohammad Hossein Behboudi
- Callier Center for Communication Disorders, The University of Texas at Dallas, 1966 Inwood Road, Dallas, TX 75235, USA;
| | - Mandy J. Maguire
- Callier Center for Communication Disorders, The University of Texas at Dallas, 1966 Inwood Road, Dallas, TX 75235, USA;
- Center for Children and Families, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Road, Dallas, TX 75080, USA
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4
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Snipes S, Krugliakova E, Jaramillo V, Volk C, Furrer M, Studler M, LeBourgeois M, Kurth S, Jenni OG, Huber R. Wake EEG oscillation dynamics reflect both sleep need and brain maturation across childhood and adolescence. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.24.581878. [PMID: 38463948 PMCID: PMC10925212 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.24.581878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
An objective measure of brain maturation is highly insightful for monitoring both typical and atypical development. Slow wave activity, recorded in the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG), reliably indexes changes in brain plasticity with age, as well as deficits related to developmental disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Unfortunately, measuring sleep EEG is resource-intensive and burdensome for participants. We therefore aimed to determine whether wake EEG could likewise index developmental changes in brain plasticity. We analyzed high-density wake EEG collected from 163 participants 3-25 years old, before and after a night of sleep. We compared two measures of oscillatory EEG activity, amplitudes and density, as well as two measures of aperiodic activity, intercepts and slopes. Furthermore, we compared these measures in patients with ADHD (8-17 y.o., N=58) to neurotypical controls. We found that wake oscillation amplitudes behaved the same as sleep slow wave activity: amplitudes decreased with age, decreased after sleep, and this overnight decrease decreased with age. Oscillation densities were also substantially age-dependent, decreasing overnight in children and increasing overnight in adolescents and adults. While both aperiodic intercepts and slopes decreased linearly with age, intercepts decreased overnight, and slopes increased overnight. Overall, our results indicate that wake oscillation amplitudes track both development and sleep need, and overnight changes in oscillation density reflect some yet-unknown shift in neural activity around puberty. No wake measure showed significant effects of ADHD, thus indicating that wake EEG measures, while easier to record, are not as sensitive as those during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Snipes
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Krugliakova
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Donders Institute, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valeria Jaramillo
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London and the University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Carina Volk
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Furrer
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Studler
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monique LeBourgeois
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Integrative Physiology, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- In memoriam
| | - Salome Kurth
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oskar G Jenni
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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van der Molen MW, Snellings P, Aravena S, Fraga González G, Zeguers MHT, Verwimp C, Tijms J. Dyslexia, the Amsterdam Way. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:72. [PMID: 38275355 PMCID: PMC10813111 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The current aim is to illustrate our research on dyslexia conducted at the Developmental Psychology section of the Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, in collaboration with the nationwide IWAL institute for learning disabilities (now RID). The collaborative efforts are institutionalized in the Rudolf Berlin Center. The first series of studies aimed at furthering the understanding of dyslexia using a gamified tool based on an artificial script. Behavioral measures were augmented with diffusion modeling in one study, and indices derived from the electroencephalogram were used in others. Next, we illustrated a series of studies aiming to assess individuals who struggle with reading and spelling using similar research strategies. In one study, we used methodology derived from the machine learning literature. The third series of studies involved intervention targeting the phonics of language. These studies included a network analysis that is now rapidly gaining prominence in the psychopathology literature. Collectively, the studies demonstrate the importance of letter-speech sound mapping and word decoding in the acquisition of reading. It was demonstrated that focusing on these abilities may inform the prediction, classification, and intervention of reading difficulties and their neural underpinnings. A final section examined dyslexia, conceived as a neurobiological disorder. This analysis converged on the conclusion that recent developments in the psychopathology literature inspired by the focus on research domain criteria and network analysis might further the field by staying away from longstanding debates in the dyslexia literature (single vs. a multiple deficit, category vs. dimension, disorder vs. lack of skill).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurits W. van der Molen
- Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Rudolf Berlin Center for Learning Disabilities, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Snellings
- Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Rudolf Berlin Center for Learning Disabilities, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Maaike H. T. Zeguers
- Samenwerkingsverband VO Amsterdam-Diemen, Bijlmermeerdreef 1289, 1103 TV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cara Verwimp
- Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Rudolf Berlin Center for Learning Disabilities, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Tijms
- Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Rudolf Berlin Center for Learning Disabilities, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Boland J, Telesca D, Sugar C, Jeste S, Dickinson A, DiStefano C, Şentürk D. Central Posterior Envelopes for Bayesian Functional Principal Component Analysis. JOURNAL OF DATA SCIENCE : JDS 2023; 21:715-734. [PMID: 38883309 PMCID: PMC11178334 DOI: 10.6339/23-jds1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Bayesian methods provide direct inference in functional data analysis applications without reliance on bootstrap techniques. A major tool in functional data applications is the functional principal component analysis which decomposes the data around a common mean function and identifies leading directions of variation. Bayesian functional principal components analysis (BFPCA) provides uncertainty quantification on the estimated functional model components via the posterior samples obtained. We propose central posterior envelopes (CPEs) for BFPCA based on functional depth as a descriptive visualization tool to summarize variation in the posterior samples of the estimated functional model components, contributing to uncertainty quantification in BFPCA. The proposed BFPCA relies on a latent factor model and targets model parameters within a mixed effects modeling framework using modified multiplicative gamma process shrinkage priors on the variance components. Functional depth provides a center-outward order to a sample of functions. We utilize modified band depth and modified volume depth for ordering of a sample of functions and surfaces, respectively, to derive at CPEs of the mean and eigenfunctions within the BFPCA framework. The proposed CPEs are showcased in extensive simulations. Finally, the proposed CPEs are applied to the analysis of a sample of power spectral densities (PSD) from resting state electroencephalography (EEG) where they lead to novel insights on diagnostic group differences among children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and their typically developing peers across age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Boland
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
| | - Donatello Telesca
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
| | - Catherine Sugar
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
| | - Shafali Jeste
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Abigail Dickinson
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
| | - Charlotte DiStefano
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Damla Şentürk
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
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7
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McDermott CL, Norton ES, Mackey AP. A systematic review of interventions to ameliorate the impact of adversity on brain development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105391. [PMID: 37708920 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Adversity, including abuse, neglect, and poverty, impacts child brain development. However, the developing brain is highly plastic, and some of the impacts of childhood adversity may be mitigated by psychosocial interventions. The purpose of this review is to synthesize literature on neural outcomes of childhood interventions among individuals exposed to adversity. A systematic literature search identified 36 reports of 13 interventions. Overall, these studies provide evidence for experience-dependent plasticity in the developing brain. We synthesize studies in light of three themes. First, there was mixed evidence for a benefit of a younger age at intervention. Second, interventions tended to accelerate functional brain development, but the impact of interventions on the pace of structural brain development was less clear. Third, individual differences in intervention response were difficult to predict, in part due to small samples. However, there was significant variability in intervention type and timing, neuroimaging outcomes, and follow-up timing. Together, the studies reviewed here hold promise for the role of psychosocial interventions in ameliorating the neurodevelopmental consequences of childhood adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy L McDermott
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Elizabeth S Norton
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Department of Medical Social Sciences, and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Allyson P Mackey
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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8
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Pellegrino F, Gómez Álvarez CM. Electroencephalographic features of the developing brain in 72 dogs under xylazine sedation: a visual and statistical analysis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1150617. [PMID: 37456968 PMCID: PMC10339384 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1150617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a neurophysiological test, which is widely used in human medicine for epilepsy diagnosis and other neurological disorders. For an adequate interpretation, it is necessary to know the electroencephalogram features for different stages of development. Despite the growing interest in its implementation in veterinary medicine, standardized descriptions of the EEG features of the different stages of brain development in dogs are restricted to studies with limited number of dogs and limited age groups. In this research, the electroencephalographic recording of 72 dogs of different breeds and ages was carried out under xylazine sedation to determine tracing characteristics by visual analysis and through statistical analysis of power spectrum. To establish the EEG features of recordings, 3 essential aspects were selected: (a) the presence or absence of slow waves of 4 to 6-7 Hz; (b) the comparison of the electrical activity recorded in the temporal and dorsal cortex channels; and (c) the visual increase of the alpha activity. Visual analysis on both reference and bipolar montage was performed by the authors and additionally blindly corroborated by two human neurophysiologists. The results allowed us to differentiate 5 age groups: 0-5, 6-11, 12-17, 18-23, and >24 months. Statistical analysis of the power spectrum was performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a completely randomized design (CRD) under factorial arrangement by observing the effect of ages, channels and electroencephalographic rhythms on relative power. The results obtained matched those observed in the visual analysis. According to our results, the characteristics of the EEG corresponding to the adult animal begin to appear at 12 months of age but stabilize after 24 months of age. In this case, the evident differences in the processes of development and maturation of the neopallium and the rhinencephalon play a determining role. Our results differ from those obtained by other authors, probably due to the addition of a deep electrode that facilitates the recording of temporal cortical activity and its deeper rhinencephalic connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pellegrino
- Anatomy Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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9
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SOBIN CHRISTINA, GUTIéRREZ‐VEGA MARISELA, FLORES‐MONTOYA GISEL, RIO MICHELLEDEL, ALVAREZ JUANM, OBENG ALEXANDER, AVILA JALEEN, HETTIARACHCHI GANGA. Improving Equitability and Inclusion for Testing and Detection of Lead Poisoning in US Children. Milbank Q 2023; 101:48-73. [PMID: 36717973 PMCID: PMC10037693 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0009.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Policy Points Child lead poisoning is associated with socioeconomic inequity and perpetuates health inequality. Methods for testing and detection of child lead poisoning are ill suited to the current demographics and characteristics of the problem. A three-pronged revision of current testing approaches is suggested. Employing the suggested revisions can immediately increase our national capacity for equitable, inclusive testing and detection. ABSTRACT: Child lead poisoning, the longest-standing child public health epidemic in US history, is associated with socioeconomic inequity and perpetuates health inequality. Removing lead from children's environments ("primary prevention") is and must remain the definitive solution for ending child lead poisoning. Until that goal can be realized, protecting children's health necessarily depends on the adequacy of our methods for testing and detection. Current methods for testing and detection, however, are no longer suited to the demographics and magnitude of the problem. We discuss the potential deployment and feasibility of a three-pronged revision of current practices including: 1) acceptance of capillary samples for final determination of lead poisoning, with electronic documentation of "clean" collection methods submitted by workers who complete simple Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-endorsed online training and certification for capillary sample collection; 2) new guidance specifying the analysis of capillary samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with documented limit of detection ≤0.2 μg/dL; and 3) adaptive "census tract-specific" universal testing and monitoring guidance for children from birth to 10 years of age. These testing modifications can bring child blood lead level (BLL) testing into homes and communities, immediately increasing our national capacity for inclusive and equitable detection and monitoring of dangerous lower-range BLLs in US children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - MICHELLE DEL RIO
- Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public HealthIndiana University
| | - JUAN M. ALVAREZ
- School of Public HealthUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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10
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Wang RC, Lee EE, De Simone N, Kathote G, Primeaux S, Avila A, Yu DM, Johnson M, Good LB, Jakkamsetti V, Sarode R, Holland AA, Pascual JM. Red blood cells as glucose carriers to the human brain: Modulation of cerebral activity by erythrocyte exchange transfusion in Glut1 deficiency (G1D). J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:357-368. [PMID: 36523131 PMCID: PMC9941860 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221146121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cells circulating through the brain are briefly but closely apposed to the capillary endothelium. We hypothesized that this contact provides a nearly direct pathway for metabolic substrate transfer to neural cells that complements the better characterized plasma to endothelium transfer. While brain function is considered independent of normal fluctuations in blood glucose concentration, this is not borne out by persons with glucose transporter I (GLUT1) deficiency (G1D). In them, encephalopathy is often ameliorated by meal or carbohydrate administration, and this enabled us to test our hypothesis: Since red blood cells contain glucose, and since the red cells of G1D individuals are also deficient in GLUT1, replacing them with normal donor cells via exchange transfusion could augment erythrocyte to neural cell glucose transport via mass action in the setting of unaltered erythrocyte count or plasma glucose abundance. This motivated us to perform red blood cell exchange in 3 G1D persons. There were rapid, favorable and unprecedented changes in cognitive, electroencephalographic and quality-of-life measures. The hypothesized transfer mechanism was further substantiated by in vitro measurement of direct erythrocyte to endothelial cell glucose flux. The results also indicate that the adult intellect is capable of significant enhancement without deliberate practice. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04137692 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04137692.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Eunice E Lee
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Nicole De Simone
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Gauri Kathote
- Rare Brain Disorders Program, The University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sharon Primeaux
- Rare Brain Disorders Program, The University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Adrian Avila
- Rare Brain Disorders Program, The University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Dong-Min Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mark Johnson
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Levi B Good
- Rare Brain Disorders Program, The University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Vikram Jakkamsetti
- Rare Brain Disorders Program, The University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ravi Sarode
- Departments of Pathology and Internal Medicine, The University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Alice Ann Holland
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Juan M Pascual
- Rare Brain Disorders Program, The University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth &
Development/Center for Human Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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11
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Candelaria-Cook FT, Schendel ME, Flynn L, Cerros C, Kodituwakku P, Bakhireva LN, Hill DE, Stephen JM. Decreased resting-state alpha peak frequency in children and adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders or prenatal alcohol exposure. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 57:101137. [PMID: 35878441 PMCID: PMC9310113 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can result in long-lasting changes to physical, behavioral, and cognitive functioning in children. PAE might result in decreased white matter integrity, corticothalamic tract integrity, and alpha cortical oscillations. Previous investigations of alpha oscillations in PAE/fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) have focused on average spectral power at specific ages; therefore, little is known about alpha peak frequency (APF) or its developmental trajectory making this research novel. Using resting-state MEG data, APF was determined from parietal/occipital regions in participants with PAE/FASD or typically developing controls (TDC). In total, MEG data from 157 infants, children, and adolescents ranging in age from 6 months to 17 years were used, including 17 individuals with PAE, 61 individuals with an FASD and 84 TDC. In line with our hypothesis, we found that individuals with PAE/FASD had significantly reduced APF relative to TDC. Both age and group were significantly related to APF with differences between TDC and PAE/FASD persisting throughout development. We did not find evidence that sex or socioeconomic status had additional impact on APF. Reduced APF in individuals with an FASD/PAE may represent a long-term deficit and demonstrates the detrimental impact prenatal alcohol exposure can have on neurophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan E Schendel
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Lucinda Flynn
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Cassandra Cerros
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Piyadasa Kodituwakku
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ludmila N Bakhireva
- Substance Use Research and Education Center, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Dina E Hill
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Julia M Stephen
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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12
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Freschl J, Azizi LA, Balboa L, Kaldy Z, Blaser E. The development of peak alpha frequency from infancy to adolescence and its role in visual temporal processing: A meta-analysis. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 57:101146. [PMID: 35973361 PMCID: PMC9399966 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
While it has been shown that alpha frequency increases over development (Stroganova et al., 1999), a precise trajectory has not yet been specified, making it challenging to constrain theories linking alpha rhythms to perceptual development. We conducted a comprehensive review of studies measuring resting-state occipital peak alpha frequency (PAF, the frequency exhibiting maximum power) from birth to 18 years of age. From 889 potentially relevant studies, we identified 40 reporting PAF (109 samples; 3882 subjects). A nonlinear regression revealed that PAF increases quickly in early childhood (from 6.1 Hz at 6 months to 8.4 Hz at 5 years) and levels off in adolescence (9.7 Hz at 13 years), with an asymptote at 10.1 Hz. We found no effect of resting state procedure (eyes-open versus eyes-closed) or biological sex. PAF has been implicated as a clock on visual temporal processing, with faster frequencies associated with higher visual temporal resolution. Psychophysical studies have shown that temporal resolution reaches adult levels by 5 years of age (Freschl et al., 2019, 2020). The fact that PAF reaches the adult range of 8-12 Hz by that age strengthens the link between PAF and temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Freschl
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA; Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - Zsuzsa Kaldy
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erik Blaser
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Tröndle M, Popov T, Dziemian S, Langer N. Decomposing the role of alpha oscillations during brain maturation. eLife 2022; 11:77571. [PMID: 36006005 PMCID: PMC9410707 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood and adolescence are critical stages of the human lifespan, in which fundamental neural reorganizational processes take place. A substantial body of literature investigated accompanying neurophysiological changes, focusing on the most dominant feature of the human EEG signal: the alpha oscillation. Recent developments in EEG signal-processing show that conventional measures of alpha power are confounded by various factors and need to be decomposed into periodic and aperiodic components, which represent distinct underlying brain mechanisms. It is therefore unclear how each part of the signal changes during brain maturation. Using multivariate Bayesian generalized linear models, we examined aperiodic and periodic parameters of alpha activity in the largest openly available pediatric dataset (N=2529, age 5-22 years) and replicated these findings in a preregistered analysis of an independent validation sample (N=369, age 6-22 years). First, the welldocumented age-related decrease in total alpha power was replicated. However, when controlling for the aperiodic signal component, our findings provided strong evidence for an age-related increase in the aperiodic-adjusted alpha power. As reported in previous studies, also relative alpha power revealed a maturational increase, yet indicating an underestimation of the underlying relationship between periodic alpha power and brain maturation. The aperiodic intercept and slope decreased with increasing age and were highly correlated with total alpha power. Consequently, earlier interpretations on age-related changes of total alpha power need to be reconsidered, as elimination of active synapses rather links to decreases in the aperiodic intercept. Instead, analyses of diffusion tensor imaging data indicate that the maturational increase in aperiodic-adjusted alpha power is related to increased thalamocortical connectivity. Functionally, our results suggest that increased thalamic control of cortical alpha power is linked to improved attentional performance during brain maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Tröndle
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tzvetan Popov
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Dziemian
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Langer
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Featherstone RE, Shimada T, Crown LM, Melnychenko O, Yi J, Matsumoto M, Tajinda K, Mihara T, Adachi M, Siegel SJ. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα heterozygous knockout mice show electroencephalogram and behavioral changes characteristic of a subpopulation of schizophrenia and intellectual impairment. Neuroscience 2022; 499:104-117. [PMID: 35901933 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive deficit remains an intractable symptom of schizophrenia, accounting for substantial disability. Despite this, little is known about the cause of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Recent studies suggest that schizophrenia patients show several changes in dentate gyrus structure and functional characteristic of immaturity. The immature dentate gyrus (iDG) has been replicated in several mouse models, most notably the αCaMKII heterozygous mouse (CaMKIIa-hKO). The current study characterizes behavioral phenotypes of CaMKIIa-hKO mice and determines their neurophysiological profile using electroencephalogram (EEG) recording from hippocampus. CaMKIIa-hKO mice were hypoactive in home-cage environment; however, they displayed less anxiety-like phenotype, suggestive of impulsivity-like behavior. In addition, severe cognitive dysfunction was evident in CaMKIIa-hKO mice as examined by novel object recognition and contextual fear conditioning. Several EEG phenomena established in both patients and relevant animal models indicate key pathological changes associated with the disease, include auditory event-related potentials and time-frequency EEG oscillations. CaMKIIa-hKO mice showed altered event-related potentials characterized by an increase in amplitude of the N40 and P80, as well as increased P80 latency. These mice also showed increased power in theta range time-frequency measures. Additionally, CaMKIIa-hKO mice showed spontaneous bursts of spike wave activity, possibly indicating absence seizures. The GABAB agonist baclofen increased, while the GABAB antagonist CGP35348 and the T-Type Ca2+ channel blocker Ethosuximide decreased spike wave burst frequency. None of these changes in event-related potentials or EEG oscillations are characteristic of those observed in general population of patients with schizophrenia; yet, CaMKIIa-hKO mice likely model a subpopulation of patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Featherstone
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los, Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Takeshi Shimada
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma, Inc, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Lindsey M Crown
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los, Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Olya Melnychenko
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los, Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Janice Yi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los, Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Takuma Mihara
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma, Inc, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Megumi Adachi
- Astellas Research Institute of America, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Steven J Siegel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los, Angeles, CA, USA.
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15
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Lum JAG, Clark GM, Bigelow FJ, Enticott PG. Resting state electroencephalography (EEG) correlates with children's language skills: Evidence from sentence repetition. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2022; 230:105137. [PMID: 35576738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous neural oscillatory activity reflects the brain's functional architecture and has previously been shown to correlate with perceptual, motor and executive skills. The current study used resting state electroencephalography to examine the relationship between spontaneous neural oscillatory activity and children's language skills. Participants in the study were 52 English-speaking children aged around 10-years. Language was assessed using a sentence repetition task. The main analysis revealed resting state theta power negatively correlated with this task. No significant correlations were found in the other studied frequency bands (delta, alpha, beta, gamma). As part of typical brain development, spontaneous theta power declines across childhood and adolescence. The negative correlation observed in this study may therefore be indicating children's language skills are related to the maturation of theta oscillations. More generally, the study provides further evidence that oscillatory activity in the developing brain, even at rest, is reliably associated with children's language skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrad A G Lum
- School of Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Gillian M Clark
- School of Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Felicity J Bigelow
- School of Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- School of Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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16
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Garcés P, Baumeister S, Mason L, Chatham CH, Holiga S, Dukart J, Jones EJH, Banaschewski T, Baron-Cohen S, Bölte S, Buitelaar JK, Durston S, Oranje B, Persico AM, Beckmann CF, Bougeron T, Dell'Acqua F, Ecker C, Moessnang C, Charman T, Tillmann J, Murphy DGM, Johnson M, Loth E, Brandeis D, Hipp JF. Resting state EEG power spectrum and functional connectivity in autism: a cross-sectional analysis. Mol Autism 2022; 13:22. [PMID: 35585637 PMCID: PMC9118870 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-022-00500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the development of the neuronal circuitry underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is critical to shed light into its etiology and for the development of treatment options. Resting state EEG provides a window into spontaneous local and long-range neuronal synchronization and has been investigated in many ASD studies, but results are inconsistent. Unbiased investigation in large and comprehensive samples focusing on replicability is needed. METHODS We quantified resting state EEG alpha peak metrics, power spectrum (PS, 2-32 Hz) and functional connectivity (FC) in 411 children, adolescents and adults (n = 212 ASD, n = 199 neurotypicals [NT], all with IQ > 75). We performed analyses in source-space using individual head models derived from the participants' MRIs. We tested for differences in mean and variance between the ASD and NT groups for both PS and FC using linear mixed effects models accounting for age, sex, IQ and site effects. Then, we used machine learning to assess whether a multivariate combination of EEG features could better separate ASD and NT participants. All analyses were embedded within a train-validation approach (70%-30% split). RESULTS In the training dataset, we found an interaction between age and group for the reactivity to eye opening (p = .042 uncorrected), and a significant but weak multivariate ASD vs. NT classification performance for PS and FC (sensitivity 0.52-0.62, specificity 0.59-0.73). None of these findings replicated significantly in the validation dataset, although the effect size in the validation dataset overlapped with the prediction interval from the training dataset. LIMITATIONS The statistical power to detect weak effects-of the magnitude of those found in the training dataset-in the validation dataset is small, and we cannot fully conclude on the reproducibility of the training dataset's effects. CONCLUSIONS This suggests that PS and FC values in ASD and NT have a strong overlap, and that differences between both groups (in both mean and variance) have, at best, a small effect size. Larger studies would be needed to investigate and replicate such potential effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Garcés
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sarah Baumeister
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Luke Mason
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Christopher H Chatham
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Holiga
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juergen Dukart
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Emily J H Jones
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, Autism Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sven Bölte
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.,Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Durston
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bob Oranje
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio M Persico
- Interdepartmental Program "Autism 0-90", "G. Martino" University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Bougeron
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Flavio Dell'Acqua
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Christine Ecker
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carolin Moessnang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tony Charman
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Julian Tillmann
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Declan G M Murphy
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Mark Johnson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Eva Loth
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joerg F Hipp
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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17
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Shuffrey LC, Pini N, Potter M, Springer P, Lucchini M, Rayport Y, Sania A, Firestein M, Brink L, Isler JR, Odendaal H, Fifer WP. Aperiodic electrophysiological activity in preterm infants is linked to subsequent autism risk. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22271. [PMID: 35452546 PMCID: PMC9169229 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 7% of preterm infants receive an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis. Yet, there is a significant gap in the literature in identifying prospective markers of neurodevelopmental risk in preterm infants. The present study examined two electroencephalography (EEG) parameters during infancy, absolute EEG power and aperiodic activity of the power spectral density (PSD) slope, in association with subsequent autism risk and cognitive ability in a diverse cohort of children born preterm in South Africa. Participants were 71 preterm infants born between 25 and 36 weeks gestation (34.60 ± 2.34 weeks). EEG was collected during sleep between 39 and 41 weeks postmenstrual age adjusted (40.00 ± 0.42 weeks). The Bayley Scales of Infant Development and Brief Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (BITSEA) were administered at approximately 3 years of age adjusted (34 ± 2.7 months). Aperiodic activity, but not the rhythmic oscillatory activity, at multiple electrode sites was associated with subsequent increased autism risk on the BITSEA at three years of age. No associations were found between the PSD slope or absolute EEG power and cognitive development. Our findings highlight the need to examine potential markers of subsequent autism risk in high-risk populations other than infants at familial risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Shuffrey
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicolò Pini
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mandy Potter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Priscilla Springer
- Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Maristella Lucchini
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yael Rayport
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ayesha Sania
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Morgan Firestein
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lucy Brink
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Joseph R Isler
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hein Odendaal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - William P Fifer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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18
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Hill AT, Clark GM, Bigelow FJ, Lum JAG, Enticott PG. Periodic and aperiodic neural activity displays age-dependent changes across early-to-middle childhood. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 54:101076. [PMID: 35085871 PMCID: PMC8800045 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurodevelopmental period spanning early-to-middle childhood represents a time of significant growth and reorganisation throughout the cortex. Such changes are critical for the emergence and maturation of a range of social and cognitive processes. Here, we utilised both eyes open and eyes closed resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) to examine maturational changes in both oscillatory (i.e., periodic) and non-oscillatory (aperiodic, '1/f-like') activity in a large cohort of participants ranging from 4-to-12 years of age (N = 139, average age=9.41 years, SD=1.95). The EEG signal was parameterised into aperiodic and periodic components, and linear regression models were used to evaluate if chronological age could predict aperiodic exponent and offset, as well as well as peak frequency and power within the alpha and beta ranges. Exponent and offset were found to both decrease with age, while aperiodic-adjusted alpha peak frequency increased with age; however, there was no association between age and peak frequency for the beta band. Age was also unrelated to aperiodic-adjusted spectral power within either the alpha or beta bands, despite both frequency ranges being correlated with the aperiodic signal. Overall, these results highlight the capacity for both periodic and aperiodic features of the EEG to elucidate age-related functional changes within the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aron T Hill
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Gillian M Clark
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Felicity J Bigelow
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jarrad A G Lum
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
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19
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Bick J, Lipschutz R, Tabachnick A, Biekman B, Katz D, Simons R, Dozier M. Timing of adoption is associated with electrophysiological brain activity and externalizing problems among children adopted internationally. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22249. [PMID: 35452537 PMCID: PMC9038029 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated middle childhood resting electroencephalography (EEG) and behavioral adjustment in 35 internationally adopted children removed from early caregiving adversity between 6 and 29 months of age. Older age of adoption was associated with more immature or atypical profiles of middle childhood cortical function, based on higher relative theta power (4-6 Hz), lower relative alpha power (7-12 Hz), lower peak alpha frequency, and lower absolute beta (13-20 Hz) and gamma (21-50 Hz) power. More immature or atypical EEG spectral power indirectly linked older age of adoption with increased risk for externalizing problems in middle childhood. The findings add to existing evidence linking duration of early adverse exposures with lasting effects on brain function and behavioral regulation even years after living in a stable adoptive family setting. Findings underscore the need to minimize and prevent children's exposures to early caregiving adversity, especially in the first years of life. They call for innovative interventions to support neurotypical development in internationally adopted children at elevated risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Bick
- Department of Psychology University of Houston Houston Texas USA
| | | | - Alexandra Tabachnick
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
| | - Brian Biekman
- Department of Psychology University of Houston Houston Texas USA
| | - Danielle Katz
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
| | - Robert Simons
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
| | - Mary Dozier
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
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20
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Candelaria-Cook FT, Solis I, Schendel ME, Wang YP, Wilson TW, Calhoun VD, Stephen JM. Developmental trajectory of MEG resting-state oscillatory activity in children and adolescents: a longitudinal reliability study. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:5404-5419. [PMID: 35225334 PMCID: PMC9712698 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural oscillations may be sensitive to aspects of brain maturation such as myelination and synaptic density changes. Better characterization of developmental trajectories and reliability is necessary for understanding typical and atypical neurodevelopment. Here, we examined reliability in 110 typically developing children and adolescents (aged 9-17 years) across 2.25 years. From 10 min of magnetoencephalography resting-state data, normalized source spectral power and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated. We found sex-specific differences in global normalized power, with males showing age-related decreases in delta and theta, along with age-related increases in beta and gamma. Females had fewer significant age-related changes. Structural magnetic resonance imaging revealed that males had more total gray, subcortical gray, and cortical white matter volume. There were significant age-related changes in total gray matter volume with sex-specific and frequency-specific correlations to normalized power. In males, increased total gray matter volume correlated with increased theta and alpha, along with decreased gamma. Split-half reliability was excellent in all frequency bands and source regions. Test-retest reliability ranged from good (alpha) to fair (theta) to poor (remaining bands). While resting-state neural oscillations can have fingerprint-like quality in adults, we show here that neural oscillations continue to evolve in children and adolescents due to brain maturation and neurodevelopmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicha T Candelaria-Cook
- The Mind Research Network, a Division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States
| | - Isabel Solis
- The Mind Research Network, a Division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States,Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Megan E Schendel
- The Mind Research Network, a Division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, 14090 Mother Teresa Lane, Boys Town, NE 68010, United States
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, 55 Park Pl NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Julia M Stephen
- Corresponding author: The Mind Research Network, 1101 Yale Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States.
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21
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Castelnovo A, Lividini A, Bernardi G, Pezzoli V, Foderaro G, Ramelli GP, Manconi M, Miano S. Sleep Power Topography in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9020197. [PMID: 35204918 PMCID: PMC8870029 DOI: 10.3390/children9020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent years saw an increasing interest towards sleep microstructure abnormalities in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the existing literature on sleep electroencephalographic (EEG) power in ADHD is still controversial, often based on single electrode recordings, and mainly focused on slow wave activity (SWA) during NREM sleep. This study aimed to systematically investigate sleep power topography in all traditional frequency bands, in all sleep stages and across sleep cycles using high-density EEG (HD-EEG). METHOD Thirty drug-naïve children with ADHD (10.5 ± 2.1 years, 21 male) and 23 typically developing (TD) control participants (mean age: 10.2 ± 1.6 years, 13 male) were included in the current analysis. Signal power topography was computed in classical frequency bands during sleep, contrasted between groups and sleep cycles, and correlated with measures of ADHD severity, cognitive functioning and estimated total sleep time. RESULTS Compared to TD subjects, patients with ADHD consistently displayed a widespread increase in low-frequency activity (between 3 and 10 Hz) during NREM sleep, but not during REM sleep and wake before sleep onset. Such a difference involved a wide centro-posterior cluster of channels in the upper SWA range, in Theta, and low-Alpha. Between-group difference was maximal in sleep stage N3 in the first sleep cycle, and positively correlated with average total sleep time. CONCLUSIONS These results support the concept that children with ADHD, compared to TD peers, have a higher sleep pressure and altered sleep homeostasis, which possibly interfere with (and delay) cortical maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Castelnovo
- Sleep Medicine Unit, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale Civico, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3011 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Althea Lividini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giulio Bernardi
- MoMiLab Research Unit, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, 55100 Lucca, Italy;
| | - Valdo Pezzoli
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Civico, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; (V.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Foderaro
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Civico, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; (V.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Gian Paolo Ramelli
- Department of Pediatrics, San Giovanni Hospital, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
| | - Mauro Manconi
- Sleep Medicine Unit, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale Civico, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Miano
- Sleep Medicine Unit, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale Civico, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (S.M.)
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22
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Frontal EEG alpha-delta ratio and social anxiety across early adolescence. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 175:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Green HL, Dipiero M, Koppers S, Berman JI, Bloy L, Liu S, McBride E, Ku M, Blaskey L, Kuschner E, Airey M, Kim M, Konka K, Roberts TP, Edgar JC. Peak Alpha Frequency and Thalamic Structure in Children with Typical Development and Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2022; 52:103-112. [PMID: 33629214 PMCID: PMC8384980 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-04926-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Associations between age, resting-state (RS) peak-alpha-frequency (PAF = frequency showing largest amplitude alpha activity), and thalamic volume (thalamus thought to modulate alpha activity) were examined to understand differences in RS alpha activity between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically-developing children (TDC) noted in prior studies. RS MEG and structural-MRI data were obtained from 51 ASD and 70 TDC 6- to 18-year-old males. PAF and thalamic volume maturation were observed in TDC but not ASD. Although PAF was associated with right thalamic volume in TDC (R2 = 0.12, p = 0.01) but not ASD (R2 = 0.01, p = 0.35), this group difference was not large enough to reach significance. Findings thus showed unusual maturation of brain function and structure in ASD as well as an across-group thalamic contribution to alpha rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L. Green
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Corresponding Author: Heather Green, PhD, Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Tel: 267-425-2464, Fax: 215-590-1345,
| | - Marissa Dipiero
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Simon Koppers
- Institute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jeffrey I. Berman
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Luke Bloy
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emma McBride
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Ku
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Blaskey
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.,Center for Autism Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emily Kuschner
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Center for Autism Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Megan Airey
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mina Kim
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kimberly Konka
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy P.L. Roberts
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - J. Christopher Edgar
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
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24
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Mason LM, Barry RJ, Clarke AR. Age-related changes in the EEG in an eyes-open condition: I. Normal development. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 172:40-45. [PMID: 34963633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated age related changes in the EEG of normal children in an eyes-open condition, in order to provide developmental norms for the study of children and adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) - see our companion paper (Mason et al., submitted). EEG was recorded at 17 sites from 75 children (63 boys and 12 girls, in the approximately 5:1 ratio common in AD/HD) between the ages of 5 and 16 years. They comprised three groups, each of 25 children (21 boys and 4 girls), divided into Young (5-8 years), Middle (9-12 years), and Old (13-16 years). The EEG was recorded during an eyes-open resting condition and Fourier transformed to provide estimates for total power, and absolute and relative power in the delta, theta, alpha and beta bands. Total power and absolute delta, theta, alpha, and beta decreased with increasing age, as did relative delta, while relative alpha increased with increasing age. Changes occurred faster in the posterior regions for total power, absolute theta and alpha, relative theta, and in frontal regions for absolute and relative beta. Some lateral developmental effects differed with band. These results indicate that maturation effects observed in the eyes-open EEG show some similarities to those reported in eyes-closed conditions, although substantial differences are apparent in the maturation of fast wave activity, particularly alpha. The data provide simple age-norms for eyes-open investigations of EEG differences in young clinical groups, particularly AD/HD. They encourage further investigations of the activational effects of this simple eyes-closed/eyes-open manipulation, which may aid understanding of the energetics of behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynnette M Mason
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia
| | - Robert J Barry
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia
| | - Adam R Clarke
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia.
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25
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Endevelt-Shapira Y, Djalovski A, Dumas G, Feldman R. Maternal chemosignals enhance infant-adult brain-to-brain synchrony. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg6867. [PMID: 34890230 PMCID: PMC8664266 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg6867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Maternal body odors serve as important safety-promoting and social recognition signals, but their role in human brain maturation is largely unknown. Utilizing ecological paradigms and dual- electroencephalography recording, we examined the effects of maternal chemosignals on brain-to-brain synchrony during infant-mother and infant-stranger interactions with and without the presence of maternal body odors. Neural connectivity of right-to-right brain theta synchrony emerged across conditions, sensitizing key nodes of the infant’s social brain during its maturational period. Infant-mother interaction elicited greater brain-to-brain synchrony; however, maternal chemosignals attenuated this difference. Infants exhibited more social attention, positive arousal, and safety/approach behaviors in the maternal chemosignals condition, which augmented infant-stranger neural synchrony. Human mothers use interbrain mechanisms to tune the infant’s social brain, and chemosignals may sustain the transfer of infant sociality from the mother-infant bond to life within social groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaara Endevelt-Shapira
- Center for Developmental Social Neuroscience, The Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Amir Djalovski
- Center for Developmental Social Neuroscience, The Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Guillaume Dumas
- Precision Psychiatry and Social Physiology Laboratory, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Human Brain and Behavior Laboratory, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Ruth Feldman
- Center for Developmental Social Neuroscience, The Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel
- Yale University, Child Study Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
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26
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Dron N, Navarro-Cáceres M, Chin RF, Escudero J. Functional, structural, and phenotypic data fusion to predict developmental scores of pre-school children based on Canonical Polyadic Decomposition. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Cellier D, Riddle J, Petersen I, Hwang K. The development of theta and alpha neural oscillations from ages 3 to 24 years. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 50:100969. [PMID: 34174512 PMCID: PMC8249779 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic, unconstrained neural activity exhibits rich spatial, temporal, and spectral organization that undergoes continuous refinement from childhood through adolescence. The goal of this study was to investigate the development of theta (4-8 Hertz) and alpha (8-12 Hertz) oscillations from early childhood to adulthood (years 3-24), as these oscillations play a fundamental role in cognitive function. We analyzed eyes-open, resting-state EEG data from 96 participants to estimate genuine oscillations separately from the aperiodic (1/f) signal. We examined age-related differences in the aperiodic signal (slope and offset), as well as the peak frequency and power of the dominant posterior oscillation. For the aperiodic signal, we found that both the aperiodic slope and offset decreased with age. For the dominant oscillation, we found that peak frequency, but not power, increased with age. Critically, early childhood (ages 3-7) was characterized by a dominance of theta oscillations in posterior electrodes, whereas peak frequency of the dominant oscillation in the alpha range increased between ages 7 and 24. Furthermore, theta oscillations displayed a topographical transition from dominance in posterior electrodes in early childhood to anterior electrodes in adulthood. Our results provide a quantitative description of the development of theta and alpha oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillan Cellier
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, United States; University of Iowa, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, United States.
| | - Justin Riddle
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Department of Psychiatry, United States
| | - Isaac Petersen
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, United States; University of Iowa, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, United States
| | - Kai Hwang
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, United States; University of Iowa, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, United States
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28
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Jakovljević T, Janković MM, Savić AM, Soldatović I, Mačužić I, Jakulin TJ, Papa G, Ković V. The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252622. [PMID: 34125863 PMCID: PMC8202909 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades reported findings regarding gender differences in reading achievement, cognitive abilities and maturation process in boys and girls are conflicting. As reading is one of the most important processes in the maturation of an individual, the aim of the study was to better understand gender differences between primary school students. The study evaluates differences in Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Electroencephalography (EEG), Electrodermal Activities (EDA) and eye movement of participants during the reading task. Taking into account that colour may affect reading skills, in that it affects the emotional and physiological state of the body, the research attempts to provide a better understanding of gender differences in reading through examining the effect of colour, as applied to reading content. The physiological responses of 50 children (25 boys and 25 girls) to 12 different background and overlay colours of reading content were measured and summarised during the reading process. Our findings show that boys have shorter reading duration scores and a longer Saccade Count, Saccade Duration Total, and Saccade Duration Average when reading on a coloured background, especially purple, which could be caused by their motivation and by the type of reading task. Also, the boys had higher values for the Delta band and the Whole Range of EEG measurements in comparison to the girls when reading on coloured backgrounds, which could reflect the faster maturation of the girls. Regarding EDA measurements we did not find systematic differences between groups either on white or on coloured/overlay background. We found the most significant differences arose in the HRV parameters, namely (SDNN (ms), STD HR (beats/min), RMSSD (ms), NN50 (beats), pNN50 (%), CVRR) when children read the text on coloured/overlay backgrounds, where the girls showed systematically higher values on HRV measurements in comparison to the boys, mostly with yellow, red, and orange overlay colours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Jakovljević
- Sensor Technologies, Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milica M. Janković
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrej M. Savić
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Soldatović
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Mačužić
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | | | - Vanja Ković
- Laboratory for Neurocognition and Applied Cognition, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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29
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Solis I, Janowich J, Candelaria-Cook F, Collishaw W, Wang YP, Wilson TW, Calhoun VD, Ciesielski KRT, Stephen JM. Frontoparietal network and neuropsychological measures in typically developing children. Neuropsychologia 2021; 159:107914. [PMID: 34119500 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Resting-state activity has been used to gain a broader understanding of typical and aberrant developmental changes. However, the developmental trajectory of resting-state activity in relation to cognitive performance has not been studied in detail. The present study assessed spectral characteristics of theta (5-8 Hz) and alpha (9-13 Hz) frequency bands during resting-state in a priori selected regions of the frontoparietal network (FPN). We also examined the relationship between resting-state activity and cognitive performance in typically developing children. We hypothesized that older children and children with high attentional scores would have higher parietal alpha activity and frontal theta activity while at rest compared to young children and those with lower attentional scores. MEG data were collected in 65 typically developing children, ages 9-14 years, as part of the Developmental Chronnecto-Genomics study. Resting-state data were collected during eyes open and eyes closed for 5 min. Participants completed the NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control (FICA) and Attention Test and Dimensional Change Card Sort Test (DCCS) to assess top-down attentional control. Spectral power density was used to characterize the FPN. We found during eyes open and eyes closed, all participants had higher theta and alpha power in parietal regions relative to frontal regions. The group with high attentional scores had higher alpha power during resting-state eyes closed compared to those with low attentional scores. However, there were no significant differences between age groups, suggesting changes in the maturation of neural oscillations in theta and alpha are not evident among children in the 9-14-year age range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Solis
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, 2001 Redondo S Dr, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA; Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd N.E., Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
| | - Jacki Janowich
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, 2001 Redondo S Dr, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA; Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd N.E., Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
| | - Felicha Candelaria-Cook
- Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd N.E., Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
| | - William Collishaw
- Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd N.E., Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 988440 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd N.E., Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, 498 Terrace St NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA; Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, 33 Glimer St SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
| | - Kristina R T Ciesielski
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, 2001 Redondo S Dr, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA; MGH/MIT A. A. Martinos Center for Biomed. Imaging, Dept of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 149 Thirteenth St, Suite 2301, Charleston, MA, 02129, USA.
| | - Julia M Stephen
- Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd N.E., Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
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30
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Smith E, Pedapati E, Liu R, Schmitt L, Dominick K, Shaffer R, Sweeney J, Erickson C. Sex differences in resting EEG power in Fragile X Syndrome. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 138:89-95. [PMID: 33836434 PMCID: PMC8192450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrophysiological alterations may represent a neural substrate of impaired neurocognitive processes and other phenotypic features in Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). However, the role of biological sex in electroencephalography (EEG) patterns that differentiate FXS from typical development has not been determined. This limits use of EEG in both the search for biomarkers of impairment in FXS as well as application of those markers to enhance our understanding of underlying neural mechanisms to speed treatment discovery. We investigated topographical relative EEG power in participants at rest in a sample of males and females with FXS and in age- and sex-matched typically developing controls (TDC) using a cluster-based analysis. While alterations in theta and low beta power were similar across males and females in FXS, relative power varied by sex in the alpha, upper beta, gamma, and epsilon frequency bands. Follow up analyses showed that Individual Alpha Peak Frequency (IAPF), a continuous variable that may capture atypicalities across the theta and alpha ranges in neurodevelopmental disorders, also varied by sex. Finally, performance on an auditory filtering task correlated with theta power in males, but not females with FXS. The impact of biological sex on resting state EEG power differences in FXS is discussed as it relates to potential GABAergic and glutamatergic etiologies of neurocognitive deficits in FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Smith
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA,Elizabeth G. Smith, corresponding author Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7039 Cincinnati, OH 45229 , (513) 517-1383
| | - Ernest Pedapati
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Lauren Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA,Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kelli Dominick
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rebecca Shaffer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA,Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - John Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Craig Erickson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Hülsdünker T, Mierau A. Visual Perception and Visuomotor Reaction Speed Are Independent of the Individual Alpha Frequency. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:620266. [PMID: 33897344 PMCID: PMC8060564 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.620266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While the resting-state individual alpha frequency (IAF) is related to the cognitive performance and temporal resolution of visual perception, it remains unclear how it affects the neural correlates of visual perception and reaction processes. This study aimed to unravel the relation between IAF, visual perception, and visuomotor reaction time. One hundred forty-eight (148) participants (28 non-athletes, 39 table tennis players, and 81 badminton players) investigated in three previous studies were considered. During a visuomotor reaction task, the visuomotor reaction time (VMRT) and EMG onset were determined. In addition, a 64-channel EEG system identified the N2, N2-r, and BA6 negativity potentials representing the visual and motor processes related to visuomotor reactions. Resting-state individual alpha frequency (IAF) in visual and motor regions was compared based on sport experience (athletes vs. non-athletes), discipline (badminton vs. table tennis), and reaction performance (fast vs. medium vs. slow reaction time). Further, the differences in the IAF were determined in relation to the speed of neural visual (high vs. medium vs. low N2/N2-r latency) and motor (high vs. medium vs. low BA6 negativity latency). Group comparisons did not reveal any difference in the IAF between athletes and non-athletes (p = 0.352, η p 2 = 0.02) or badminton and table tennis players (p = 0.221, η p 2 = 0.02). Similarly, classification based on the behavioral or neural performance indicators did not reveal any effects on the IAF (p ≥ 0.158, η p 2 ≤ 0.027). IAF was not correlated to any of the behavioral or neural parameters (r ≤ 0.10, p ≥ 0.221). In contrast to behavioral results on cognitive performance and visual temporal resolution, the resting state IAF seemed unrelated to the visual perception and visuomotor reaction speed in simple reaction tasks. Considering the previous results on the correlations between the IAF, cognitive abilities, and temporal sampling of visual information, the results suggest that a higher IAF may facilitate the amount and frequency but not the speed of information transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorben Hülsdünker
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, Differdange, Luxembourg
| | - Andreas Mierau
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, Differdange, Luxembourg.,Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Candelaria-Cook FT, Schendel ME, Flynn L, Hill DE, Stephen JM. Altered Resting-State Neural Oscillations and Spectral Power in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 45:117-130. [PMID: 33164218 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of alcohol during pregnancy impacts fetal development and may lead to a variety of physical, cognitive, and behavioral abnormalities in childhood collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The FASD spectrum includes children with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), partial fetal alcohol syndrome (pFAS), and alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND). Children with a FASD or prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) have impaired white matter, reduced structural volumes, impaired resting-state functional connectivity when measured with fMRI, and spectral hypersynchrony as infants. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) provides high temporal resolution and good spatial precision for examining spectral power and connectivity patterns unique from fMRI. The impact of PAE on MEG resting-state spectral power in children remains unknown. METHODS We collected 2 minutes of eyes-open and eyes-closed resting-state data in 51 children (8 to 12 years of age) with 3 subgroups included: 10 ARND/PAE, 15 FAS/pFAS, and 26 controls (TDC). MEG data were collected on the Elekta Neuromag system. The following spectral metrics were compared between subgroups: power, normalized power, half power, 95% power, and Shannon spectral entropy (SSE). MEG spectral data were correlated with behavioral measures. RESULTS Our results indicate children with FAS/pFAS had reduced spectral power and normalized power, particularly within the alpha frequency band in sensor parietal and source superior parietal and lateral occipital regions, along with elevated half power, 95% power, and SSE. We also found select hemisphere specific effects further indicating reduced corpus callosum connectivity in children with a FASD. Interestingly, while the ARND/PAE subgroup had significant differences from the FAS/pFAS subgroup, in many cases spectral data were not significantly different from TDC. CONCLUSIONS Our results were consistent with previous studies and provide new insight into resting-state oscillatory differences both between children with FAS and TDC, and within FASD subgroups. Further understanding of these resting-state variations and their impact on cognitive function may help provide early targets for intervention and enhance outcomes for individuals with a FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan E Schendel
- From the, The Mind Research Network, (FTC, MES, LF, JMS), Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Lucinda Flynn
- From the, The Mind Research Network, (FTC, MES, LF, JMS), Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Dina E Hill
- Psychiatry, (DH), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Julia M Stephen
- From the, The Mind Research Network, (FTC, MES, LF, JMS), Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Stephen JM, Solis I, Janowich J, Stern M, Frenzel MR, Eastman JA, Mills MS, Embury CM, Coolidge NM, Heinrichs-Graham E, Mayer A, Liu J, Wang YP, Wilson TW, Calhoun VD. The Developmental Chronnecto-Genomics (Dev-CoG) study: A multimodal study on the developing brain. Neuroimage 2020; 225:117438. [PMID: 33039623 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain development has largely been studied through unimodal analysis of neuroimaging data, providing independent results for structural and functional data. However, structure clearly impacts function and vice versa, pointing to the need for performing multimodal data collection and analysis to improve our understanding of brain development, and to further inform models of typical and atypical brain development across the lifespan. Ultimately, such models should also incorporate genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying brain structure and function, although currently this area is poorly specified. To this end, we are reporting here a multi-site, multi-modal dataset that captures cognitive function, brain structure and function, and genetic and epigenetic measures to better quantify the factors that influence brain development in children originally aged 9-14 years. Data collection for the Developmental Chronnecto-Genomics (Dev-CoG) study (http://devcog.mrn.org/) includes cognitive, emotional, and social performance scales, structural and functional MRI, diffusion MRI, magnetoencephalography (MEG), and saliva collection for DNA analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and DNA methylation patterns. Across two sites (The Mind Research Network and the University of Nebraska Medical Center), data from over 200 participants were collected and these children were re-tested annually for at least 3 years. The data collection protocol, sample demographics, and data quality measures for the dataset are presented here. The sample will be made freely available through the collaborative informatics and neuroimaging suite (COINS) database at the conclusion of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Stephen
- The Mind Research Network a division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
| | - I Solis
- The Mind Research Network a division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - J Janowich
- The Mind Research Network a division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - M Stern
- The Mind Research Network a division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - M R Frenzel
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - J A Eastman
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - M S Mills
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - C M Embury
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - N M Coolidge
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | | | - A Mayer
- The Mind Research Network a division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - J Liu
- The Mind Research Network a division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Y P Wang
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - T W Wilson
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - V D Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network a division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Ahmadi M, Kazemi K, Kuc K, Cybulska-Klosowicz A, Zakrzewska M, Racicka-Pawlukiewicz E, Helfroush MS, Aarabi A. Cortical source analysis of resting state EEG data in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:2115-2130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Shanok NA, Reive C, Mize KD, Jones NA. Mindfulness Meditation Intervention Alters Neurophysiological Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Preadolescents. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Mindfulness meditation interventions (MMIs) are formal training programs which utilize mindfulness techniques to improve attentional control and reduce stress and anxiety. Past investigations have shown that mindfulness-based interventions are effective in improving symptoms of anxiety and depression in both adolescents and adults, making this a promising natural approach to treating mood disorders. The current study sought to examine the neurophysiological effects of a 10-week MMI, in a relatively unexplored age-range (7–10 years). The non-clinical participants demonstrated increases in interhemispheric alpha coherence, as well as increased theta, alpha, and beta power particularly in frontal and central areas; reflecting a lower neurological risk for anxiety development. However, two common measures linked to anxiety, frontal and posterior alpha asymmetry remained largely unchanged following the training period. Still, these preliminary results exemplify the potentially positive effects of mindfulness meditation on preadolescents; this time on neurophysiological functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel A. Shanok
- Developmental Neuroscience Lab, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Carol Reive
- Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Krystal D. Mize
- Developmental Neuroscience Lab, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Nancy Aaron Jones
- Developmental Neuroscience Lab, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
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Extremely low birth weight influences the relationship between stress and telomere length in adulthood. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2020; 12:328-334. [PMID: 32468974 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the link between two biological markers of stress vulnerability at 22-26 years of age and telomere length at 30-35 among extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) survivors and normal birth weight (NBW; >2500 g) control participants. Sixteen ELBW and 22 NBW participants provided baseline afternoon salivary cortisol samples and resting frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha asymmetry data at 22-26 years. Buccal cells were assayed for telomere length at 30-35 years. Analyses controlled for sex, postnatal steroid exposure, childhood socioeconomic status, time of cortisol sample collection, and body mass index at 22-26 years. Salivary cortisol and frontal asymmetry at age 22-26 independently predicted telomere length at age 30-35, such that relatively higher cortisol and greater relative right frontal asymmetry at rest predicted telomere shortening among NBW controls, but not among ELBW survivors. However, similar associations were not noted in ELBW survivors, suggesting that ELBW survivors may have different mechanisms of stress coping as a result of their early-life exposures. These findings offer preliminary evidence in support of the role of stress in the genesis of cellular senescence at least among those born at NBW, but that these links may differ in those born preterm.
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38
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Shuffrey LC, Myers MM, Isler JR, Lucchini M, Sania A, Pini N, Nugent JD, Condon C, Ochoa T, Brink L, du Plessis C, Odendaal HJ, Nelson ME, Friedrich C, Angal J, Elliott AJ, Groenewald C, Burd L, Fifer WP. Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol and Tobacco and Neonatal Brain Activity: Results From the Safe Passage Study. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e204714. [PMID: 32396193 PMCID: PMC7218492 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Research to date has not determined a safe level of alcohol or tobacco use during pregnancy. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a noninvasive measure of cortical function that has previously been used to examine effects of in utero exposures and associations with neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of prenatal exposure to alcohol (PAE) and tobacco smoking (PTE) with brain activity in newborns. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective cohort study enrolled mother-newborn dyads from December 2011 through August 2015, with data analyzed from June 2018 through June 2019. Pregnant women were recruited from clinical sites in Cape Town, South Africa, and the Northern Plains region of the US. Participants were a subset of newborns enrolled in the Safe Passage Study. Exclusions included birth at less than 37 or more than 41 weeks' gestation, multiple birth, or maternal use of psychiatric medication during pregnancy. EXPOSURES PAE and PTE groups were determined by cluster analysis. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Analyses of covariance were run on EEG spectral power at 12 scalp locations across the frequency spectrum from 1 to 45 Hz in 3-Hz bins by sleep state. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 1739 newborns (median [interquartile range] gestational age at birth, 39.29 [1.57] weeks; 886 [50.9%] were female; median [interquartile range] newborn age at assessment, 48.53 [44.96] hours). Newborns whose mothers were in the low continuous (95% CI, -0.379 to -0.031; P < .05; 95% CI, -0.379 to -0.045; P < .05), quit (95% CI, -0.419 to -0.127; P < .001; 95% CI, -0.398 to -0.106; P < .005), and moderate or high continuous (95% CI, -0.430 to -0.124; P < .001; 95% CI, -0.420 to -0.119; P < .005) PAE clusters had increased 4- to 6-Hz and 7- to 9-Hz left-temporal EEG power. Newborns with moderate or high continuous PTE had decreased 19- to 21-Hz (95% CI, 0.034 to 0.327; P < .05) and 22- to 24-Hz (95% CI, 0.022 to 0.316; P < .05) right-central EEG compared with newborns with no PTE. Newborns with moderate or high continuous PTE had significantly decreased 22- to 36-Hz right-central EEG power compared with the quit smoking group (22-24 Hz, 95% CI, 0.001 to 0.579; P < .05; 25-27 Hz, 95% CI, 0.008 to 0.586; P < .05; 28-30 Hz, 95% CI, 0.028 to 0.607; P < .05; 31-33 Hz, 95% CI, 0.038 to 0.617; P < .05; 34-36 Hz, 95% CI, 0.057 to 0.636; P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that even low levels of PAE or PTE are associated with changes in offspring brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C. Shuffrey
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Michael M. Myers
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Joseph R. Isler
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Maristella Lucchini
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Ayesha Sania
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Nicolò Pini
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - J. David Nugent
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Carmen Condon
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Timothy Ochoa
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Lucy Brink
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Carlie du Plessis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Hein J. Odendaal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Morgan E. Nelson
- Center for Pediatric & Community Research, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls
| | - Christa Friedrich
- Center for Pediatric & Community Research, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls
| | - Jyoti Angal
- Center for Pediatric & Community Research, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls
| | - Amy J. Elliott
- Center for Pediatric & Community Research, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls
| | - Coen Groenewald
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Larry Burd
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Dakota Medical School, Grand Forks
| | - William P. Fifer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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Green HL, Edgar JC, Matsuzaki J, Roberts TPL. Magnetoencephalography Research in Pediatric Autism Spectrum Disorder. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2020; 30:193-203. [PMID: 32336406 PMCID: PMC7216756 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) research indicates differences in neural brain measures in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to typically developing (TD) children. As reviewed here, resting-state MEG exams are of interest as well as MEG paradigms that assess neural function across domains (e.g., auditory, resting state). To date, MEG research has primarily focused on group-level differences. Research is needed to explore whether MEG measures can predict, at the individual level, ASD diagnosis, prognosis (future severity), and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Green
- Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - J Christopher Edgar
- Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Junko Matsuzaki
- Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Timothy P L Roberts
- Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Spanoudis G, Demetriou A. Mapping Mind-Brain Development: Towards a Comprehensive Theory. J Intell 2020; 8:E19. [PMID: 32357452 PMCID: PMC7713015 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence8020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The relations between the developing mind and developing brain are explored. We outline a theory of intellectual development postulating that the mind comprises four systems of processes (domain-specific, attention and working memory, reasoning, and cognizance) developing in four cycles (episodic, realistic, rule-based, and principle-based representations, emerging at birth, 2, 6, and 11 years, respectively), with two phases in each. Changes in reasoning relate to processing efficiency in the first phase and working memory in the second phase. Awareness of mental processes is recycled with the changes in each cycle and drives their integration into the representational unit of the next cycle. Brain research shows that each type of processes is served by specialized brain networks. Domain-specific processes are rooted in sensory cortices; working memory processes are mainly rooted in hippocampal, parietal, and prefrontal cortices; abstraction and alignment processes are rooted in parietal, frontal, and prefrontal and medial cortices. Information entering these networks is available to awareness processes. Brain networks change along the four cycles, in precision, connectivity, and brain rhythms. Principles of mind-brain interaction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Spanoudis
- Psychology Department, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Andreas Demetriou
- Department of Psychology, University of Nicosia, 1700 Nicosia, Cyprus;
- Cyprus Academy of Science, Letters, and Arts, 1700 Nicosia, Cyprus
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Abstract
Schizophrenia (Sz) is a chronic mental disorder characterized by disturbances in thought (such as delusions and confused thinking), perception (hearing voices), and behavior (lack of motivation). The lifetime prevalence of Sz is between 0.3% and 0.7%, with late adolescence and early adulthood, the peak period for the onset of psychotic symptoms. Causal factors in Sz include environmental and genetic factors and especially their interaction. About 50% of individuals with a diagnosis of Sz have lifelong impairment.
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Willner CJ, Jetha MK, Segalowitz SJ, Gatzke-Kopp LM. Neurophysiological evidence for distinct biases in emotional face processing associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children. Biol Psychol 2020; 150:107829. [PMID: 31790713 PMCID: PMC7007849 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Attentional bias to threat has been implicated in both internalizing and externalizing disorders. This study utilizes event-related potentials to examine early stages of perceptual attention to threatening (angry or fearful) versus neutral faces among a sample of 200 children ages 6-8 years from a low-income, urban community. Although both internalizing and externalizing symptoms were associated with processing biases, the nature of the bias differed between these two symptom domains. Internalizing symptoms were associated with heightened early attentional selection (P1) and later perceptual processing (P2) of fearful faces. In contrast, externalizing symptoms were associated with reduced early attentional selection (P1) of fearful faces and enhanced perceptual processing (P2) of neutral faces, possibly indicative of a hostile interpretation bias for ambiguous social cues. These results provide insight into the distinct cognitive-affective processes that may contribute to the etiology and maintenance of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia J Willner
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, 228 Health and Human Development Building, University Park, PA, 16802, United States.
| | - Michelle K Jetha
- Cape Breton University, Department of Psychology, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada.
| | - Sidney J Segalowitz
- Brock University, Department of Psychology, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Lisa M Gatzke-Kopp
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, 228 Health and Human Development Building, University Park, PA, 16802, United States.
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Dron N, Kninney-Lang E, Chin R, Escudero J. Preliminary fusion of EEG and MRI with phenotypic scores in children with epilepsy based on the Canonical Polyadic Decomposition. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2019:3884-3887. [PMID: 31946721 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8856328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive and behavioural impairments in early-onset epilepsy affect the children and families' quality of life. Our ability to detect these impairments is limited, and it requires laborious questionnaires. Here, we describe a pilot study exploring the fusion of resting-state EEG, volumetric MRI, and phenotypic scores of child development based on the Canonical Polyadic Decomposition, expanding the recently presented Joint EEG-Development Inference (JEDI) model. Pilot data fusion was performed on functional, structural and developmental brain features of 29 preschool children diagnosed with epilepsy. The results suggest that combining multimodal brain data towards a comprehensive analysis of brain development in young children is plausible.
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44
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Edgar JC. Identifying electrophysiological markers of autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia against a backdrop of normal brain development. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 74:1-11. [PMID: 31472015 PMCID: PMC10150852 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
An examination of electroencephalographic and magnetoencephalographic studies demonstrates how age-related changes in brain neural function temporally constrain their use as diagnostic markers. A first example shows that, given maturational changes in the resting-state peak alpha frequency in typically developing children but not in children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD), group differences in alpha-band activity characterize only a subset of children who have ASD. A second example, auditory encoding processes in schizophrenia, shows that the complication of normal age-related brain changes on detecting and interpreting group differences in neural activity is not specific to children. MRI studies reporting group differences in the rate of brain maturation demonstrate that a group difference in brain maturation may be a concern for all diagnostic brain markers. Attention to brain maturation is needed whether one takes a DSM-5 or a Research Domain Criteria approach to research. For example, although there is interest in cross-diagnostic studies comparing brain measures in ASD and schizophrenia, such studies are difficult given that measures are obtained in one group well after and in the other much closer to the onset of symptoms. In addition, given differences in brain activity among infants, toddlers, children, adolescents, and younger and older adults, creating tasks and research designs that produce interpretable findings across the life span and yet allow for development is difficult at best. To conclude, brain imaging findings show an effect of brain maturation on diagnostic markers separate from (and potentially difficult to distinguish from) effects of disease processes. Available research with large samples already provides direction about the age range(s) when diagnostic markers are most robust and informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Christopher Edgar
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
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Dickinson A, Varcin KJ, Sahin M, Nelson CA, Jeste SS. Early patterns of functional brain development associated with autism spectrum disorder in tuberous sclerosis complex. Autism Res 2019; 12:1758-1773. [PMID: 31419043 PMCID: PMC6898751 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder that confers a high risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), with behavioral predictors of ASD emerging early in life. Deviations in structural and functional neural connectivity are highly implicated in both TSC and ASD. For the first time, we explore whether electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of neural network function precede or predict the emergence of ASD in TSC. We determine whether altered brain function (a) is present in infancy in TSC, (b) differentiates infants with TSC based on ASD diagnostic status, and (c) is associated with later cognitive function. We studied 35 infants with TSC (N = 35), and a group of typically developing infants (N = 20) at 12 and 24 months of age. Infants with TSC were later subdivided into ASD and non-ASD groups based on clinical evaluation. We measured features of spontaneous alpha oscillations (6-12 Hz) that are closely associated with neural network development: alpha power, alpha phase coherence (APC), and peak alpha frequency (PAF). Infants with TSC demonstrated reduced interhemispheric APC compared to controls at 12 months of age, and these differences were found to be most pronounced at 24 months in the infants who later developed ASD. Across all infants, PAF at 24 months was associated with verbal and nonverbal cognition at 36 months. Associations between early network function and later neurodevelopmental and cognitive outcomes highlight the potential utility of early scalable EEG markers to identify infants with TSC requiring additional targeted intervention initiated very early in life. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1758-1773. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Approximately half of infants with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) develop autism. Here, using EEG, we find that there is a reduction in communication between brain regions during infancy in TSC, and that the infants who show the largest reductions are those who later develop autism. Being able to identify infants who show early signs of disrupted brain development may improve the timing of early prediction and interventions in TSC, and also help us to understand how early brain changes lead to autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Dickinson
- UCLA Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kandice J Varcin
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- Translational Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles A Nelson
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shafali S Jeste
- UCLA Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
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Farah R, Meri R, Kadis DS, Hutton J, DeWitt T, Horowitz-Kraus T. Hyperconnectivity during screen-based stories listening is associated with lower narrative comprehension in preschool children exposed to screens vs dialogic reading: An EEG study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225445. [PMID: 31756207 PMCID: PMC6874384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dialogic reading (DR) is a shared storybook reading intervention previously shown to have a positive effect on both literacy and general language skills. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of DR compared to screen-based intervention on electrophysiological markers supporting narrative comprehension using EEG. METHODS Thirty-two typically developing preschoolers, ages 4 to 6 years, were assigned to one of two intervention groups: Dialogic Reading Group (DRG, n = 16) or Screen Story Group (SSG, n = 16). We examined the effect of intervention type using behavioral assessment and a narrative comprehension task with EEG. RESULTS The DRG showed improved vocabulary and decreased functional connectivity during the stories-listening task, whereas the SSG group showed no changes in vocabulary or connectivity. Significantly decreased network strength and transitivity and increased network efficiency were observed in the DRG following intervention. Greater network strength and transitivity at follow-up were correlated with increased vocabulary. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest the beneficial effect of DR in preschool-age children on vocabulary and EEG-bands related to attention in the ventral stream during narrative comprehension. Decreased functional connectivity may serve as a marker for language gains following reading intervention. SIGNIFICANCE DR intervention for preschool-age children may reduce interfering connections related to attention, which is related to better narrative comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola Farah
- Educational Neuroimaging Center, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Raya Meri
- Educational Neuroimaging Center, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Darren S. Kadis
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - John Hutton
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Reading and Literacy Discovery Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Thomas DeWitt
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Reading and Literacy Discovery Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Tzipi Horowitz-Kraus
- Educational Neuroimaging Center, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology, Technion, Haifa, Israel
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Reading and Literacy Discovery Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
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Schmidt LA, Poole KL. Frontal brain maturation and the stability of children's shyness. Dev Psychobiol 2019; 62:446-453. [PMID: 31512756 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that relative to nonshy children, shy children exhibit a lower overall frontal EEG alpha/delta ratio (ADR) during middle childhood, possibly reflecting relatively less frontal brain maturation at this age. We examined this same ADR measure in relation to the stability of observed shyness and parent-reported child social anxiety measured across two laboratory visits separated by approximately 1 year during late childhood in 51 children (33% female, age range 10-16 years). We found that the overall frontal ADR score was significantly lower among children with high, stable observed shyness and parent-reported child social anxiety compared to children in the low, stable class. Findings provide convergent evidence suggesting that the stability of shyness in late childhood may be linked to relatively less overall frontal brain maturation at this age. We speculate on the adaptive function of delaying frontal brain maturation in the origins and maintenance of children's shyness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis A Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristie L Poole
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Wallace J, Selmaoui B. Effect of mobile phone radiofrequency signal on the alpha rhythm of human waking EEG: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 175:274-286. [PMID: 31146099 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In response to the exponential increase in mobile phone use and the resulting increase in exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), there have been several studies to investigate via electroencephalography (EEG) whether RF-EMF exposure affects brain activity. Data in the literature have shown that exposure to radiofrequency signals modifies the waking EEG with the main effect on the alpha band frequency (8-13 Hz). However, some studies have reported an increase in alpha band power, while others have shown a decrease, and other studies showed no effect on EEG power. Given that changes in the alpha amplitude are associated with attention and some cognitive aspects of human behavior, researchers deemed necessary to look whether alpha rhythm was modulated under RF-EMF exposure. The present review aims at comparing and discussing the main findings obtained so far regarding RF-EMF effects on alpha rhythm of human waking spontaneous EEG, focusing on differences in protocols between studies, which might explain the observed discrepancies and inconclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Wallace
- Experimental Toxicology Unit, National Institute of Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; PériTox Laboratory, UMR-I-01, Faculty of Medicine, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Brahim Selmaoui
- Experimental Toxicology Unit, National Institute of Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; PériTox Laboratory, UMR-I-01, Faculty of Medicine, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
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Kang JN, Song JJ, Casanova MF, Sokhadze EM, Li XL. Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on children with low-function autism. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 25:1254-1261. [PMID: 31228356 PMCID: PMC6834922 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a very complex neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by social difficulties and stereotypical or repetitive behavior. Some previous studies using low‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have proven of benefit in ASD children. Methods In this study, 32 children (26 males and six females) with low‐function autism were enrolled, 16 children (three females and 13 males; mean ± SD age: 7.8 ± 2.1 years) received rTMS treatment twice every week, while the remaining 16 children (three females and 13 males; mean ± SD age: 7.2 ± 1.6 years) served as waitlist group. This study investigated the effects of rTMS on brain activity and behavioral response in the autistic children. Results Peak alpha frequency (PAF) is an electroencephalographic measure of cognitive preparedness and might be a neural marker of cognitive function for the autism. Coherence is one way to assess the brain functional connectivity of ASD children, which has proven abnormal in previous studies. The results showed significant increases in the PAF at the frontal region, the left temporal region, the right temporal region and the occipital region and a significant increase of alpha coherence between the central region and the right temporal region. Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) scores were also compared before and after receiving rTMS with positive effects shown on behavior. Conclusion These findings supported our hypothesis by demonstration of positive effects of combined rTMS neurotherapy in active treatment group as compared to the waitlist group, as the rTMS group showed significant improvements in behavioral and functional outcomes as compared to the waitlist group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Nan Kang
- College of Electronic & Information Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jia-Jia Song
- College of Electronic & Information Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Manuel F Casanova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville Campus, Greenville Health System, Greenville, South Carolina
| | - Estate M Sokhadze
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville Campus, Greenville Health System, Greenville, South Carolina
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Debnath R, Tang A, Zeanah CH, Nelson CA, Fox NA. The long-term effects of institutional rearing, foster care intervention and disruptions in care on brain electrical activity in adolescence. Dev Sci 2019; 23:e12872. [PMID: 31148302 DOI: 10.1111/desc.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to early psychosocial deprivation as a result of institutional care disrupts typical brain development. The Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP) is the first longitudinal study to investigate the neurodevelopment of institutionalized infants randomized to a foster care (FCG) intervention versus care as usual (CAUG). Here, we present findings from a follow-up assessment of brain electrical activity as indexed by resting EEG at age 16 years. In addition, we examined the effects of disruption of foster care placement (e.g. the number of moves among foster care placements) on brain electrical activity. Resting-state EEG was collected from 48 CAUG, 46 FCG and 48 never institutionalized (NIG) control participants. Absolute (µV2 ) and relative (proportion) power were computed from eyes closed, resting EEG data for theta, alpha and beta frequency bands. The CAUG displayed higher relative theta and lower relative alpha power compared to the FCG at 16 years of age. The FCG showed brain activity comparable to the NIG. The results further showed that disruptions following the original foster care placement had an adverse effect on brain electrical activity. Within the foster care group, there were no effects of age of placement on EEG power. Placement of children who have experienced early institutional rearing into stable foster care settings ensure long-term improvement in brain functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Debnath
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Alva Tang
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Charles H Zeanah
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Charles A Nelson
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Nathan A Fox
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
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