1
|
Upregulated pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) promotes trophoblast apoptosis and inhibits invasion in preeclampsia. Reprod Biol 2021; 21:100576. [PMID: 34808452 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe pregnancy-specific disorder. Previous findings indicated that pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was upregulated in placentas of women with PE. Here, we investigated the role of PEDF in trophoblast function, especially under hypoxia. The effects of hypoxia on the morphology of extravillous trophoblast (EVT)-derived HTR-8Svneo cells were observed under inverted microscope. Transfections with Lipofectamine LTX were performed according to the manufacturer's protocol. The expression of PEDF protein and mRNA were confirmed by immunofluorescence (IF) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Apoptosis was detected by transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and proliferation of trophoblast was detected by CCK-8 method. The invasion capacity of trophoblast was assessed by Transwell assay. PEDF was expressed in HTR-8/SVneo under both normoxia and hypoxic stress. However, cells of hypoxia groups had higher expression level of PEDF, increased apoptosis and decreased invasion capability, as compared with normoxia group. Moreover, after transfection with plasmid expressing PEDF gene, overexpression of PEDF modulated trophoblast activities. In addition, PEDF expression was negatively associated with invasion while positively correlated with apoptosis.Our data suggest that PEDF is an important factor to maintain the biological function of trophoblast cells, thus representing a rational therapeutic target in PE.
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang WT, Chong IW, Chen HL, Li CY, Hsieh CC, Kuo HF, Chang CY, Chen YH, Liu YP, Lu CY, Liu YR, Liu PL. Pigment epithelium-derived factor inhibits lung cancer migration and invasion by upregulating exosomal thrombospondin 1. Cancer Lett 2018; 442:287-298. [PMID: 30439539 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are implicated in cancer cell development, migration and invasion. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a secreted anticancer protein that can regulate lung cancer progression; however, the role of PEDF in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including metastasis and cancer cell-derived exosome secretion, is unclear. In this study, we analyzed the effects of PEDF on exosome-mediated migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity of cultured NSCLC cells. The results showed that PEDF overexpression significantly reduced NSCLC invasion and migration, while inducing cell aggregation, whereas PEDF knockdown had the opposite effects. Exosomes from NSCLC cells treated with recombinant PEDF had a significantly reduced ability to promote cancer cell motility, migration, and invasion compared to exosomes from untreated cells. Exosomes from PEDF-treated cells contained thrombospondin 1 (THBS1), which inhibited cytoskeletal remodeling and exosome-induced lung cancer cell motility, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, PEDF-overexpressing NSCLC cells formed smaller xenograft tumors with higher THBS1 expression compared to control tumors. Our findings indicate that PEDF decreases the metastatic potential of NSCLC cells through regulation of THBS1 release in cancer cell-derived exosomes, thus uncovering a new mechanism of lung cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tsung Huang
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 736, Taiwan
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Lin Chen
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chao Hsieh
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Fu Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yuan Chang
- Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Peng Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ru Liu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Len Liu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mejias M, Coch L, Berzigotti A, Garcia-Pras E, Gallego J, Bosch J, Fernandez M. Antiangiogenic and antifibrogenic activity of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) in bile duct-ligated portal hypertensive rats. Gut 2015; 64:657-66. [PMID: 24848263 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antiangiogenic strategies have been proposed as a promising new approach for the therapy of portal hypertension and chronic liver disease. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a powerful endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor whose role in portal hypertension remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed at determining the involvement of PEDF in cirrhotic portal hypertension and the therapeutic efficacy of its supplementation. DESIGN PEDF expression profiling and its relationship with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), neovascularisation and fibrogenesis was determined in bile duct-ligated (BDL) rats and human cirrhotic livers. The ability of exogenous PEDF overexpression by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer (AdPEDF) to inhibit angiogenesis, fibrogenesis and portal pressure was also evaluated in BDL rats, following prevention and intervention trials. RESULTS PEDF was upregulated in cirrhotic human and BDL rat livers. PEDF and VEGF protein expression and localisation in mesentery and liver increased in parallel with portal hypertension progression, being closely linked in time and space with mesenteric neovascularisation and liver fibrogenesis in BDL rats. Furthermore, AdPEDF increased PEDF bioavailability in BDL rats, shifting the net balance in the local abundance of positive (VEGF) and negative (PEDF) angiogenesis drivers in favour of attenuation of portal hypertension-associated pathological neovascularisation. The antiangiogenic effects of AdPEDF targeted only pathological angiogenesis, without affecting normal vasculature, and were observed during early stages of disease. AdPEDF also significantly decreased liver fibrogenesis (through metalloproteinase upregulation), portosystemic collateralisation and portal pressure in BDL rats. CONCLUSIONS This study provides compelling experimental evidence indicating that PEDF could be a novel therapeutic agent worthy of assessment in portal hypertension and cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Mejias
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERehd, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Coch
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERehd, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annalisa Berzigotti
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERehd, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Garcia-Pras
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERehd, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Gallego
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERehd, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Bosch
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERehd, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernandez
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERehd, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang XM, Yafai Y, Wiedemann P, Kuhrt H, Wang YS, Reichenbach A, Eichler W. Hypoxia-induced upregulation of pigment epithelium-derived factor by retinal glial (Müller) cells. J Neurosci Res 2011; 90:257-66. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
5
|
Díaz R, Peña C, Silva J, Lorenzo Y, García V, García JM, Sánchez A, Espinosa P, Yuste R, Bonilla F, Domínguez G. p73 isoforms affect VEGF, VEGF165b and PEDF expression in human colorectal tumors: VEGF165b downregulation as a marker of poor prognosis. Int J Cancer 2008; 123:1060-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
6
|
Chen H, Jia W, Xu X, Fan Y, Zhu D, Wu H, Xie Z, Zheng Z. Upregulation of PEDF expression by PARP inhibition contributes to the decrease in hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis in HUVECs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 369:718-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.02.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2008] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
7
|
Yang H, Grossniklaus HE. Combined immunologic and anti-angiogenic therapy reduces hepatic micrometastases in a murine ocular melanoma model. Curr Eye Res 2006; 31:557-62. [PMID: 16769615 DOI: 10.1080/02713680600718962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the combined effect of neoadjuvant intracameral interferon alpha -2b and adjuvant low-dose angiostatin in reducing the number of hepatic micrometastases in a murine model of ocular melanoma. METHODS The posterior compartments of the right eyes of C57BL6 mice were inoculated with 5 x 10(5) cells/2.5 microl of cells from the Queens, B16F10, or B16LS9 melanoma cell lines. The right eyes were enucleated at 7 days, and the mice were sacrificed at 28 days postinoculation, respectively. Hepatic micrometastases were counted. There were four treatment groups (n = 15 each) for each cell line as follows: group 1, intraperitoneal injections of 20 KIU interferon alpha -2b for 4 days prior to enucleation; group 2, intramuscular injections of 100 microl 0.1 microg/microl murine angiostatin every day for 14 days starting on day 1 after enucleation; group 3, treatment of group 1 and group 2 combined; group 4, intraperitoneal and intramuscular injections of equal volumes of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (control group). RESULTS Results showed decreased micrometastases for groups 1 through 3 compared with group 4, with the greatest reduction in group 3 (p < 0.006). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that combined neoadjuvant interferon alpha -2b and adjuvant low-dose angiostatin therapy act synergistically to decrease hepatic micrometastases in a murine ocular melanoma model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cai J, Parr C, Watkins G, Jiang WG, Boulton M. Decreased Pigment Epithelium–Derived Factor Expression in Human Breast Cancer Progression. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:3510-7. [PMID: 16740777 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to correlate the expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a potent endogenous antiangiogenic molecule, with severity and prognosis in breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To investigate the gene expression profile of PEDF in human breast cancer in relation to a patient's clinical variables, we examined human breast cancer tissue (n = 119), background breast tissue (n = 33), and a range of cell lines for mRNA and protein levels of PEDF by using reverse transcription PCR, real-time quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. RESULTS By using reverse transcription PCR, real-time quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA, PEDF expression was found to be dramatically decreased in breast cancer. An overall outlook for the patients inversely correlated with PEDF mRNA levels. Exogenous PEDF inhibits endothelial tubule formation induced by breast cancer cell-conditioned medium, in vitro. CONCLUSION These observations collectively support the hypothesis that a lack of PEDF expression is a potent factor for the enhancement of tumor growth and angiogenesis in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cai
- Cell and Molecular Biology Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff University, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
El-Gazzar R, Macluskey M, Williams H, Ogden GR. Vascularity and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma, resection margins, and nodal metastases. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 44:193-7. [PMID: 16095778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2005.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2004] [Accepted: 06/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of vascularity as a predictor of the likelihood of lymph node metastases in oral cancer is not clear. To that end, the vascularity and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed at three specific regions: the tumour (inside and around the tumour); the resection margin; and the regional lymph nodes. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from 26 oral cancers (11 with no involved nodes and 15 with involved nodes) were stained immunohistochemically and examined. Staining for VEFG was significantly greater in the tumour than in the other sites. No significant differences were found in the intensity of staining in the primary tumour, resection margins, or nodes between cases in which the nodes were involved and in which they were not involved. We found no correlation between vascularity and VEGF staining, suggesting that VEGF is not the primary or only stimulator of angiogenesis in oral cancer. Greater understanding of the mechanisms of metastasis will lead to new treatments. The evidence that is accumulating for oral cancer suggests that such treatments may be better targeted at preventing lymphatic spread, rather than vascular spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R El-Gazzar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, King Fisal University, Damman, P.O. Box 1982, P. Code 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tsuru M, Arima N, Toyozumi Y, Kato S. Pigment epithelium-derived factor as a new diagnostic marker for melanocytic tumors. Kurume Med J 2006; 52:81-7. [PMID: 16422173 DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.52.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a potent antiangiogenetic factor, has been lately known to correlate well with angiogenic and metastatic potentials of tumor cells. We investigated the expression of PEDF protein in various types of human tumor cells by an immunohistochemical technique using a monoclonal antibody. Consequently, we found the significantly frequent and intense expression of PEDF in human melanocytic tumor cells including malignant melanoma as compared to non-melanocytic ones. We evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of anti-PEDF antibody in melanocytic tumors by comparing its immunoreactive sensitivity with that of other conventional melanocytic markers such as S-100 protein, HMB-45 and Melan-A, and found that PEDF possess the equal ability to others on its sensitivity. We finally concluded that PEDF is a useful diagnostic marker for melanocytic tumors, especially malignant melanomas, by its use in combination with other markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Tsuru
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen S, Zhu B, Yu L. In silico comparison of gene expression levels in ten human tumor types reveals candidate genes associated with carcinogenesis. Cytogenet Genome Res 2006; 112:53-9. [PMID: 16276090 DOI: 10.1159/000087513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Accepted: 04/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most human cancers are characterized by genomic instability. Changes associated with such may result in altered expression of numerous genes. The sequence information available in the public databases can be used to identify transcripts differentially expressed in cancers. Determining cancer-related genes that are commonly deregulated in different tumor types may facilitate identification of targets for cancer diagnoses and therapeutic treatments. Using a data-mining tool named Digital Differential Display (DDD) from the UniGene database at the NCBI web site, gene expression levels of ten different tumor types and their counterpart normal tissues were analyzed. Unigenes which showed transcriptional regulation in more than five tumor types with > or =2-fold differences from normal tissues were identified. The expression data of selected Unigenes were subjected to clustering analysis. 127 commonly up-regulated genes and 92 commonly down-regulated genes were identified. Clustering analysis using these genes showed that most tumor types can be clustered into a separate branch from most normal tissues. Nineteen genes that have been shown to be involved in carcinogenesis by experimental evidence were also identified. Present computational analyses revealed 219 candidate cancer-related genes that are commonly deregulated in ten human tumor types which may contribute to the progress of carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tao Y, Wei Q, Xu Z, Bai R, Li Y, Luo C, Dong Y, Gao G, Lu Y. Holistic and network analysis of meningioma pathogenesis and malignancy. Biofactors 2006; 28:203-19. [PMID: 17473381 DOI: 10.1002/biof.5520280307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Meningiomas, which originate from arachnoid cells and constitute the largest subgroup of all intracranial tumors, are generally benign, yet have the capacity to progress into a higher histological grade of malignancy associated with an increase in biological aggressivity and/or capacity to recur. To elucidate meningioma pathogenesis and malignancy, we applied a holistic and network approach analyzing cDNA and tissue microarray results. A potential pathway leading to meningioma angiogenesis, apoptosis and proliferation was evidenced as well as a regulatory network of the biomarkers including Ki-67, AR, CD34, P53, c-MYC, etc. which might support clinical research. In this potential pathway, ITGB1 could be the most important "superoncogene" playing a vital role in apoptosis and proliferation, while FOXO3A, MDM4 and MT3 are important to the malignancy process. Some genes are first reported that could explain why radiation induces meningioma and why more female than male patients are affected. Further, we present the hypothesis that HIV-Tat protein might have a close relationship with meningioma pathogenesis and malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqun Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, P.R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Eichler W, Yafai Y, Keller T, Wiedemann P, Reichenbach A. PEDF derived from glial Müller cells: a possible regulator of retinal angiogenesis. Exp Cell Res 2004; 299:68-78. [PMID: 15302574 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2003] [Revised: 05/17/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A precise balance between stimulators and inhibitors of angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), respectively, is essential for angiogenic homeostasis in ocular tissues. Retinal hypoxia is accompanied by some pathological conditions that may promote intraocular neovascularization. Here we demonstrate that retinal glial (Müller) cells express and release pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). Decreasing oxygen concentrations cause strong attenuation of PEDF release resulting in enhanced VEGF/PEDF ratios. Exposure of Müller cells to VEGF suppressed PEDF release in a dose-dependent manner. This may represent a novel mechanism of ocular angiogenic homeostasis sufficient in the control of PEDF levels during normoxia or mild hypoxia but supplemented by other (hitherto unknown) mechanisms in cases of strong hypoxia. In spite of the enhanced VEGF/PEDF ratios resulting from hypoxia, conditioned media of Müller cells failed to stimulate additional proliferation of retinal endothelial cells. These findings suggest that in the ischemic retina, Müller cells generate a permissive condition for angiogenesis by secreting more VEGF and less PEDF, but the onset of retinal endothelial cell proliferation requires another triggering signal that remains to be identified.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cattle
- Cells, Cultured
- Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Eye Proteins
- Guinea Pigs
- Humans
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology
- Nerve Growth Factors
- Neuroglia/cytology
- Neuroglia/drug effects
- Neuroglia/metabolism
- Proteins/metabolism
- Retina/cytology
- Retina/metabolism
- Retina/physiopathology
- Retinal Artery/drug effects
- Retinal Artery/growth & development
- Retinal Artery/metabolism
- Retinal Neovascularization/metabolism
- Retinal Neovascularization/physiopathology
- Serpins/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Eichler
- Eye Hospital, University of Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Matsuoka M, Ogata N, Otsuji T, Nishimura T, Takahashi K, Matsumura M. Expression of pigment epithelium derived factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in choroidal neovascular membranes and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Br J Ophthalmol 2004; 88:809-15. [PMID: 15148217 PMCID: PMC1772169 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2003.032466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2003] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine whether pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF), a protein that inhibits angiogenesis, is expressed in human choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVMs) and in tissues from an eye with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). In addition, to compare the expression of PEDF with that of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a known stimulator of angiogenesis, in these tissues. METHODS CNVMs, associated with age related macular degeneration (AMD), angioid streaks, and PCV, were obtained during surgery. The expression of PEDF and VEGF in the excised subretinal fibrovascular membranes was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS PEDF and VEGF were strongly expressed in the vascular endothelial cells and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in the CNVMs where numerous new vessels were prominent (clinically active CNVMs). On the other hand, immunoreactivity for PEDF and VEGF was weak in the new vessels where fibrosis was prominent (clinically quiescent CNVMs). However, the RPE cells were still positive for PEDF and VEGF. The specimens from the eye with PCV also showed strong expression of PEDF and VEGF in the vascular endothelial cells and the RPE cells. CONCLUSION Because PEDF is an inhibitor of ocular angiogenesis and an inhibitor of ocular cell proliferation, our results suggest that PEDF along with VEGF may modulate the formation of subfoveal fibrovascular membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Matsuoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka 570-8507, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|