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Pedersen M, Nobile F, Stayner LT, de Hoogh K, Brandt J, Stafoggia M. Ambient air pollution and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Rome. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118630. [PMID: 38452913 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution has been associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), but few studies rely on assessment of fine-scale variation in air quality, specific subtypes and multi-pollutant exposures. AIM To study the impact of long-term exposure to individual and mixture of air pollutants on all and specific subtypes of HDP. METHODS We obtained data from 130,470 liveborn singleton pregnacies in Rome during 2014-2019. Spatiotemporal land-use random-forest models at 1 km spatial resolution assigned to the maternal residential addresses were used to estimate the exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3). RESULTS For PM2.5, PM10 and NO2, there was suggestive evidence of increased risk of preeclampsia (PE, n = 442), but no evidence of increased risk for all subtypes of HDP (n = 2297) and gestational hypertension (GH, n = 1901). For instance, an interquartile range of 7.0 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.06 (95% confidence interval: 0.81, 1.39) and 1.04 (0.92, 1.17) after adjustment for NO2 and the corresponding results for a 15.7 μg/m3 increase in NO2 after adjustment for PM2.5 were 1.11 (0.92, 1.34) for PE and 0.83 (0.76, 0.90) for HDP. Increased risks for HDP and GH were suggested for O3 in single-pollutant models and for PM after adjustment for NO2, but all other associations were stable or attenuated in two-pollutant models. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study suggest that PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 increases the risk of PE and that these effects are robust to adjustment for O3 while the increased risks for GH and HDP suggested for O3 attenuated after adjustment for PM or NO2. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the effects of source-specific component of PM on subtypes as well as all types of HDP which would help to target preventive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pedersen
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma, Rome, Italy.
| | - Federica Nobile
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma, Rome, Italy; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Kees de Hoogh
- The Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma, Rome, Italy; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Cadman T, Elhakeem A, Vinther JL, Avraam D, Carrasco P, Calas L, Cardol M, Charles MA, Corpeleijn E, Crozier S, de Castro M, Estarlich M, Fernandes A, Fossatti S, Gruszfeld D, Guerlich K, Grote V, Haakma S, Harris JR, Heude B, Huang RC, Ibarluzea J, Inskip H, Jaddoe V, Koletzko B, Lioret S, Luque V, Manios Y, Moirano G, Moschonis G, Nader J, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Andersen AMN, McEachen R, de Moira AP, Popovic M, Roumeliotaki T, Salika T, Santa Marina L, Santos S, Serbert S, Tzorovili E, Vafeiadi M, Verduci E, Vrijheid M, Vrijkotte TGM, Welten M, Wright J, Yang TC, Zugna D, Lawlor D. Associations of Maternal Educational Level, Proximity to Green Space During Pregnancy, and Gestational Diabetes With Body Mass Index From Infancy to Early Adulthood: A Proof-of-Concept Federated Analysis in 18 Birth Cohorts. Am J Epidemiol 2024; 193:753-763. [PMID: 37856700 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
International sharing of cohort data for research is important and challenging. We explored the feasibility of multicohort federated analyses by examining associations between 3 pregnancy exposures (maternal education, exposure to green vegetation, and gestational diabetes) and offspring body mass index (BMI) from infancy to age 17 years. We used data from 18 cohorts (n = 206,180 mother-child pairs) from the EU Child Cohort Network and derived BMI at ages 0-1, 2-3, 4-7, 8-13, and 14-17 years. Associations were estimated using linear regression via 1-stage individual participant data meta-analysis using DataSHIELD. Associations between lower maternal education and higher child BMI emerged from age 4 and increased with age (difference in BMI z score comparing low with high education, at age 2-3 years = 0.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.00, 0.05), at 4-7 years = 0.16 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.17), and at 8-13 years = 0.24 (95% CI: 0.22, 0.26)). Gestational diabetes was positively associated with BMI from age 8 years (BMI z score difference = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.25) but not at younger ages; however, associations attenuated towards the null when restricted to cohorts that measured gestational diabetes via universal screening. Exposure to green vegetation was weakly associated with higher BMI up to age 1 year but not at older ages. Opportunities of cross-cohort federated analyses are discussed.
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Moro A, Nonterah EA, Klipstein-Grobusch K, Oladokun S, Welaga P, Ansah PO, Hystad P, Vermeulen R, Oduro AR, Downward G. Early life ambient air pollution, household fuel use, and under-5 mortality in Ghana. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 187:108693. [PMID: 38705093 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Environmental exposures, such as ambient air pollution and household fuel use affect health and under-5 mortality (U5M) but there is a paucity of data in the Global South. This study examined early-life exposure to ambient particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 µm or less (PM2.5), alongside household characteristics (including self-reported household fuel use), and their relationship with U5M in the Navrongo Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) in northern Ghana. METHODS We employed Satellite-based spatiotemporal models to estimate the annual average PM2.5 concentrations with the Navrongo HDSS area (1998 to 2016). Early-life exposure levels were determined by pollution estimates at birth year. Socio-demographic and household data, including cooking fuel, were gathered during routine surveillance. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to assess the link between early-life PM2.5 exposure and U5M, accounting for child, maternal, and household factors. FINDINGS We retrospectively studied 48,352 children born between 2007 and 2017, with 1872 recorded deaths, primarily due to malaria, sepsis, and acute respiratory infection. Mean early-life PM2.5 was 39.3 µg/m3, and no significant association with U5M was observed. However, Children from households using "unclean" cooking fuels (wood, charcoal, dung, and agricultural waste) faced a 73 % higher risk of death compared to those using clean fuels (adjusted HR = 1.73; 95 % CI: 1.29, 2.33). Being born female or to mothers aged 20-34 years were linked to increased survival probabilities. INTERPRETATION The use of "unclean" cooking fuel in the Navrongo HDSS was associated with under-5 mortality, highlighting the need to improve indoor air quality by introducing cleaner fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Moro
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
| | - Engelbert A Nonterah
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, CK Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Samuel Oladokun
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Paul Welaga
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, CK Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Patrick O Ansah
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, CK Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Perry Hystad
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Abraham R Oduro
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana; Research and Development Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana
| | - George Downward
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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Domínguez A, Koch S, Marquez S, de Castro M, Urquiza J, Evandt J, Oftedal B, Aasvang GM, Kampouri M, Vafeiadi M, Mon-Williams M, Lewer D, Lepeule J, Andrusaityte S, Vrijheid M, Guxens M, Nieuwenhuijsen M. Childhood exposure to outdoor air pollution in different microenvironments and cognitive and fine motor function in children from six European cohorts. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118174. [PMID: 38244968 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollution during childhood has been linked with adverse effects on cognitive development and motor function. However, limited research has been done on the associations of air pollution exposure in different microenvironments such as home, school, or while commuting with these outcomes. OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between childhood air pollution exposure in different microenvironments and cognitive and fine motor function from six European birth cohorts. METHODS We included 1301 children from six European birth cohorts aged 6-11 years from the HELIX project. Average outdoor air pollutants concentrations (NO2, PM2.5) were estimated using land use regression models for different microenvironments (home, school, and commute), for 1-year before the outcome assessment. Attentional function, cognitive flexibility, non-verbal intelligence, and fine motor function were assessed using the Attention Network Test, Trail Making Test A and B, Raven Colored Progressive Matrices test, and the Finger Tapping test, respectively. Adjusted linear regressions models were run to determine the association between each air pollutant from each microenvironment on each outcome. RESULTS In pooled analysis we observed high correlation (rs = 0.9) between air pollution exposures levels at home and school. However, the cohort-by-cohort analysis revealed correlations ranging from low to moderate. Air pollution exposure levels while commuting were higher than at home or school. Exposure to air pollution in the different microenvironments was not associated with working memory, attentional function, non-verbal intelligence, and fine motor function. Results remained consistently null in random-effects meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS No association was observed between outdoor air pollution exposure in different microenvironments (home, school, commute) and cognitive and fine motor function in children from six European birth cohorts. Future research should include a more detailed exposure assessment, considering personal measurements and time spent in different microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Domínguez
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarah Koch
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Marquez
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Urquiza
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorun Evandt
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Air Quality and Noise, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Oftedal
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Air Quality and Noise, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunn Marit Aasvang
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Air Quality and Noise, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mariza Kampouri
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Mark Mon-Williams
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Dan Lewer
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, IAB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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Ahn TG, Kim YJ, Lee G, You YA, Kim SM, Chae R, Hur YM, Park MH, Bae JG, Lee SJ, Kim YH, Na S. Association Between Individual Air Pollution (PM 10, PM 2.5) Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Korea: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort, Air Pollution on Pregnancy Outcome (APPO) Study. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e131. [PMID: 38599601 PMCID: PMC11004777 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution is linked to a higher risk of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. However, the association between pregnancy complications and exposure to indoor air pollution remains unclear. The Air Pollution on Pregnancy Outcomes research is a hospital-based prospective cohort research created to look into the effects of aerodynamically exposed particulate matter (PM)10 and PM2.5 on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS This prospective multicenter observational cohort study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2023. A total of 662 women with singleton pregnancies enrolled in this study. An AirguardK® air sensor was installed inside the homes of the participants to measure the individual PM10 and PM2.5 levels in the living environment. The time-activity patterns and PM10 and PM2.5, determined as concentrations from the time-weighted average model, were applied to determine the anticipated exposure levels to air pollution of each pregnant woman. The relationship between air pollution exposure and pregnancy outcomes was assessed using logistic and linear regression analyses. RESULTS Exposure to elevated levels of PM10 throughout the first, second, and third trimesters as well as throughout pregnancy was strongly correlated with the risk of pregnancy problems according to multiple logistic regression models adjusted for variables. Except for in the third trimester of pregnancy, women exposed to high levels of PM2.5 had a high risk of pregnancy complications. During the second trimester and entire pregnancy, the risk of preterm birth (PTB) increased by 24% and 27%, respectively, for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10. Exposure to high PM10 levels during the second trimester increased the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by 30%. The risk of GDM increased by 15% for each 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 during the second trimester and overall pregnancy, respectively. Exposure to high PM10 and PM2.5 during the first trimester of pregnancy increased the risk of delivering small for gestational age (SGA) infants by 96% and 26%, respectively. CONCLUSION Exposure to high concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 is strongly correlated with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Exposure to high levels of PM10 and PM2.5 during the second trimester and entire pregnancy, respectively, significantly increased the risk of PTB and GDM. Exposure to high levels of PM10 and PM2.5 during the first trimester of pregnancy considerably increased the risk of having SGA infants. Our findings highlight the need to measure individual particulate levels during pregnancy and the importance of managing air quality in residential environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Gyu Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Medical Research Institute College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gain Lee
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ah You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Min Kim
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rin Chae
- Division of Artificial Intelligence and Software/Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Hye Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Gon Bae
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Young-Han Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sunghun Na
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
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Li L, Zhang X. The causal impact of fetal exposure to PM2.5 on birth outcomes: Evidence from rural China. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2024; 53:101380. [PMID: 38555789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
This paper investigates the causal impact of fetal exposure to PM2.5 on birth outcomes, including birth weight, the incidence of low birth weight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA), based on a nationally representative birth record dataset in a developing country setting. We employed thermal inversion as the instrument variable (IV) for PM2.5 and leveraged the distinctive characteristics of rural China in the 1990 s to address identification challenges. Our IV estimates indicate that higher fetal PM2.5 exposure leads to lower birth weight and elevated probabilities of LBW and SGA. Due to the mortality selection in utero, weak male fetuses were more likely to be screened out by PM2.5 exposure, resulting in a comparatively lower vulnerability among the surviving male infants. Furthermore, infants born to less educated mothers exhibited increased susceptibility, a phenomenon not entirely explained by the sorting behaviors associated with the preference for cleaner air based on socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyuxiu Li
- School of Statistics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Statistics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Shen Y, de Hoogh K, Schmitz O, Clinton N, Tuxen-Bettman K, Brandt J, Christensen JH, Frohn LM, Geels C, Karssenberg D, Vermeulen R, Hoek G. Monthly average air pollution models using geographically weighted regression in Europe from 2000 to 2019. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170550. [PMID: 38320693 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Detailed spatial models of monthly air pollution levels at a very fine spatial resolution (25 m) can help facilitate studies to explore critical time-windows of exposure at intermediate term. Seasonal changes in air pollution may affect both levels and spatial patterns of air pollution across Europe. We built Europe-wide land-use regression (LUR) models to estimate monthly concentrations of regulated air pollutants (NO2, O3, PM10 and PM2.5) between 2000 and 2019. Monthly average concentrations were collected from routine monitoring stations. Including both monthly-fixed and -varying spatial variables, we used supervised linear regression (SLR) to select predictors and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to estimate spatially-varying regression coefficients for each month. Model performance was assessed with 5-fold cross-validation (CV). We also compared the performance of the monthly LUR models with monthly adjusted concentrations. Results revealed significant monthly variations in both estimates and model structure, particularly for O3, PM10, and PM2.5. The 5-fold CV showed generally good performance of the monthly GWR models across months and years (5-fold CV R2: 0.31-0.66 for NO2, 0.4-0.79 for O3, 0.4-0.78 for PM10, 0.46-0.87 for PM2.5). Monthly GWR models slightly outperformed monthly-adjusted models. Correlations between monthly GWR model were generally moderate to high (Pearson correlation >0.6). In conclusion, we are the first to develop robust monthly LUR models for air pollution in Europe. These monthly LUR models, at a 25 m spatial resolution, enhance epidemiologists to better characterize Europe-wide intermediate-term health effects related to air pollution, facilitating investigations into critical exposure time windows in birth cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youchen Shen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Schmitz
- Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nick Clinton
- Google, Inc, Mountain View, California, United States
| | | | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Lise M Frohn
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Camilla Geels
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Derek Karssenberg
- Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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8
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Stacy C, Amélie C, Blanche W, Audrey R, Margaux S, Simon P, Julien J, Matteo R, Andreas K, Christophe R, Martine V, Mark N, Rémy S, Karine A. A plausibility database summarizing the level of evidence regarding the hazards induced by the exposome on children health. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114311. [PMID: 38271818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Childhood diseases correspond to major public health issues. A large number of studies using different approaches provide evidence regarding effects of environmental exposures, encompassed in the exposome, on children's health. We aimed to summarize the overall level of evidence (LoE) from all streams of evidence regarding exposome effects on child health. For 88 selected chemical and urban factors, we retrieved the conclusions of agency reports or literature reviews published between 2015 and 2021 regarding effects on child health, including cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodevelopmental, respiratory and other health outcomes. Adapted versions of PRISMA flowchart and AMSTAR-2 tool were used to select and assess the quality of the systematic reviews retrieved from PubMed and SCOPUS databases. For each factor-outcome pair, conclusions in three streams of evidence (epidemiological, toxicological and mechanistic, the latter corresponding to in vitro and in silico approaches) were translated into stream-specific LoEs and then combined into an overall LoE ranging from "very unlikely" to "very likely". The 88 environmental factors were implied in 611 factor-outcome pairs. Forty-four pairs (7%), corresponding to 16 factors, had a very likely overall LoE (≥80%); 127 pairs (21%), corresponding to 49 factors, had a likely or more overall LoE (≥60%). For 81 pairs (13%), no evidence was available in agency reports or published reviews, while for 275 pairs (45%), corresponding to 68 factors, the overall LoE was very unlikely (<20%). Exposure factors with the greatest number of associated health outcomes with a high overall LoE were HCB, PCBs, temperature (8 outcomes), PFOA (7 outcomes), PFOS, cotinine (6 outcomes), arsenic, lead (5 outcomes), bisphenols A and S, PFNA and PM2.5 (4 outcomes), DDT, DDE and DDD, PFHxA, PFDA, green space, UV radiation (3 outcomes). We developed an approach to extract and summarize the existing evidence about effects of environmental factors on health. The plausibility database built for children's health can be used to identify research gaps, conduct quantitative risk assessment studies. It could be expanded to consider a larger fraction of the exposome and other age groups and should be updated on a regular basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colzin Stacy
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Chemicals Assessment Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Crépet Amélie
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Rocabois Audrey
- French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm), University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Sanchez Margaux
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Air Risk Assessment Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Perreau Simon
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Chemicals Assessment Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jean Julien
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Food Risk Assessment Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Redaelli Matteo
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Air Risk Assessment Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Kortenkamp Andreas
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rousselle Christophe
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Chemicals Assessment Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Vrijheid Martine
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nieuwenhuijsen Mark
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Slama Rémy
- French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm), University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France.
| | - Angeli Karine
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Chemicals Assessment Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
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9
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Cadman T, Strandberg-Larsen K, Calas L, Christiansen M, Culpin I, Dadvand P, de Castro M, Foraster M, Fossati S, Guxens M, Harris JR, Hillegers M, Jaddoe V, Lee Y, Lepeule J, El Marroun H, Maule M, McEachen R, Moccia C, Nader J, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Nybo Andersen AM, Pearson R, Swertz M, Vafeiadi M, Vrijheid M, Wright J, Lawlor DA, Pedersen M. Urban environment in pregnancy and postpartum depression: An individual participant data meta-analysis of 12 European birth cohorts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108453. [PMID: 38368715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban environmental exposures associate with adult depression, but it is unclear whether they are associated to postpartum depression (PPD). OBJECTIVES We investigated associations between urban environment exposures during pregnancy and PPD. METHODS We included women with singleton deliveries to liveborn children from 12 European birth cohorts (N with minimum one exposure = 30,772, analysis N range 17,686-30,716 depending on exposure; representing 26-46 % of the 66,825 eligible women). We estimated maternal exposure during pregnancy to ambient air pollution with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), road traffic noise (Lden), natural spaces (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI, proximity to major green or blue spaces) and built environment (population density, facility richness and walkability). Maternal PPD was assessed 3-18 months after birth using self-completed questionnaires. We used adjusted logistic regression models to estimate cohort-specific associations between each exposure and PPD and combined results via meta-analysis using DataSHIELD. RESULTS Of the 30,772 women included, 3,078 (10 %) reported having PPD. Exposure to PM10 was associated with slightly increased odds of PPD (adjusted odd ratios (OR) of 1.08 [95 % Confidence Intervals (CI): 0.99, 1.17] per inter quartile range increment of PM10) whilst associations for exposure to NO2 and PM2.5 were close to null. Exposure to high levels of road traffic noise (≥65 dB vs. < 65 dB) was associated with an OR of 1.12 [CI: 0.95, 1.32]. Associations between green spaces and PPD were close to null; whilst proximity to major blue spaces was associated with increased risk of PPD (OR 1.12, 95 %CI: 1.00, 1.26). All associations between built environment and PPD were close to null. Multiple exposure models showed similar results. DISCUSSION The study findings suggest that exposure to PM10, road traffic noise and blue spaces in pregnancy may increase PPD risk, however future studies should explore this causally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Cadman
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
| | - Katrine Strandberg-Larsen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lucinda Calas
- Inserm, UMR1153 Center for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Early Life Research on Later Health Team (EARoH), Paris, France
| | - Malina Christiansen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iryna Culpin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Payam Dadvand
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Foraster
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Serena Fossati
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer R Harris
- Center for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Olso, Norway
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Jaddoe
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yunsung Lee
- Center for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Olso, Norway
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- Université Grenoble Alpes INSERM CNRS Institute for Advanced Biosciences Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, F-38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Milena Maule
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosie McEachen
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford BD9 6RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Moccia
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Johanna Nader
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalisation, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Pearson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Manchester Metropolitan University, All Saints Building, All Saints, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Morris Swertz
- Genomics Coordination Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford BD9 6RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Pedersen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Margetaki K, Bempi V, Michalaki E, Roumeliotaki T, Iakovides M, Stephanou E, Kogevinas M, Chatzi L, Vafeiadi M. Prenatal air pollution exposure and childhood obesity: Effect modification by maternal fruits and vegetables intake. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114314. [PMID: 38183793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Prenatal exposure to air pollution is robustly associated with fetal growth restriction but the extent to which it is associated with postnatal growth and the risk of childhood obesity remains unknown. We examined the association of prenatal exposure to air pollution with offspring obesity related measures and evaluated the possible protective effect of maternal fruits and vegetables intake (FV). METHODS We included 633 mother-child pairs from the Rhea pregnancy cohort in Crete, Greece. Fine particles (PM2.5 and PM10) exposure levels during pregnancy were estimated using land-use regression models. We measured weight, height and waist circumference at 4 and 6 years of age, and body composition analysis was performed at 6 years using bioimpedance. Maternal diet was evaluated by means of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in mid-pregnancy. Adjusted associations were obtained via multivariable regression analyses and multiplicative interaction was used to evaluate the potential modifying role of FV intake. RESULTS Exposure to PMs in utero was not associated with measures of adiposity at 4 or 6 years of age. Associations at 4 years did not differ according to maternal consumption of FV. However, at 6 years, among children whose mothers reported consuming less than 5 servings of FV per day, one SD increase in PM10 during pregnancy was associated with increased BMI (beta 0.41 kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.88, p-interaction = 0.037) and increased waist circumference (beta 0.83 cm, 95% CI: -0.38, 2.05, p-interaction = 0.043) and one SD increase in PM2.5 was associated with increased fat mass (beta 0.5 kg, 95% CI: 0.0, 0.99, p-interaction = 0.039) and increased percentage of body fat (beta 1.06%, 95% CI: -0.06, 2.17, p-interaction = 0.035). Similarly, higher prenatal PM2.5 and PM10 exposure was associated with increased risk for obesity and abdominal obesity at 6 years only in the low FV group. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to fine particulate matter during pregnancy was not associated with obesity-related measures at 4 and 6 years. However, only among offspring of mothers who consumed inadequate FV, we observed higher obesity-related measures at 6 years. Our results indicate that mothers' diet during pregnancy may play a role in the relationship between air-pollution and childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Margetaki
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
| | - Vicky Bempi
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Michalaki
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Minas Iakovides
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Euripides Stephanou
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Non-Communicable Diseases Programme, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
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11
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Hegelund ER, Mehta AJ, Andersen ZJ, Lim YH, Loft S, Brunekreef B, Hoek G, de Hoogh K, Mortensen LH. Air pollution and human health: a phenome-wide association study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081351. [PMID: 38423777 PMCID: PMC10910582 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the associations of long-term exposure to air pollution with onset of all human health conditions. DESIGN Prospective phenome-wide association study. SETTING Denmark. PARTICIPANTS All Danish residents aged ≥30 years on 1 January 2000 were included (N=3 323 612). After exclusion of individuals with missing geocoded residential addresses, 3 111 988 participants were available for the statistical analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE First registered diagnosis of every health condition according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, from 2000 to 2017. RESULTS Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were both positively associated with the onset of more than 700 health conditions (ie, >80% of the registered health conditions) after correction for multiple testing, while the remaining associations were inverse or insignificant. As regards the most common health conditions, PM2.5 and NO2 were strongest positively associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PM2.5: HR 1.06 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.07) per 1 IQR increase in exposure level; NO2: 1.14 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.15)), type 2 diabetes (PM2.5: 1.06 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.06); NO2: 1.12 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.13)) and ischaemic heart disease (PM2.5: 1.05 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.05); NO2: 1.11 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.12)). Furthermore, PM2.5 and NO2 were both positively associated with so far unexplored, but highly prevalent outcomes relevant to public health, including senile cataract, hearing loss and urinary tract infection. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that air pollution has a more extensive impact on human health than previously known. However, as this study is the first of its kind to investigate the associations of long-term exposure to air pollution with onset of all human health conditions, further research is needed to replicate the study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gerard Hoek
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
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12
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Zareba M, Weglinska E, Danek T. Air pollution seasons in urban moderate climate areas through big data analytics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3058. [PMID: 38321084 PMCID: PMC10847420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
High particulate matter (PM) concentrations have a negative impact on the overall quality of life and health. The annual trends of PM can vary greatly depending on factors such as a country's energy mix, development level, and climatic zone. In this study, we aimed to understand the annual cycle of PM concentrations in a moderate climate zone using a dense grid of low-cost sensors located in central Europe (Krakow). Over one million unique records of PM, temperature, humidity, pressure and wind speed observations were analyzed to gain a detailed, high-resolution understanding of yearly fluctuations. The comprehensive big-data workflow was presented with the statistical analysis of the meteorological factors. A big data-driven approach revealed the existence of two main PM seasons (warm and cold) in Europe's moderate climate zone, which do not correspond directly with the traditional four main seasons (Autumn, Winter, Spring, and Summer) with two side periods (early spring and early winter). Our findings also highlighted the importance of high-resolution time and space data for sustainable spatial planning. The observations allowed for distinguishing whether the source of air pollution is related to coal burning for heating in cold period or to agricultural lands burning during the warm period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Zareba
- Department of Geoinformatics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Krakow, Adama Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Malopolska, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Weglinska
- Department of Geoinformatics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Krakow, Adama Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Malopolska, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Danek
- Department of Geoinformatics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Krakow, Adama Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Malopolska, Poland
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13
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Zhu Y, Ma Y, Tang L, Li H, Miao C, Cao H, Tian Y. The adverse impact of maternal ozone exposure on fetal growth in utero and the interaction with residential greenness. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132562. [PMID: 37729709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal ozone exposure on fetal growth during pregnancy, as well as the combined effect and interaction of ozone and residential greenness. We included a total of 14990 singleton pregnancies from the Fujian Birth Cohort Study. During pregnancy, fetal growth parameters including estimated fetal weight (EFW), femur length (FL), head circumference (HC), and abdominal circumference (AC). To investigate the associations between ozone exposure and the above-mentioned outcomes, generalized estimating equation approach and generalized linear regression were used, as appropriate. In the adjusted models, we observed that the Z scores of EFW (-0.031 (-0.048, -0.014)), FL (-0.021 (-0.038, -0.004)), and AC (-0.025 (-0.042, -0.007)) decreased with per interquartile range (IQR) increase of ozone concentration. Compared to participants with low ozone exposure and high NDVI, those with high ozone exposure and low NDVI experienced the largest decrease in Z scores for EFW (-0.049 (-0.079, -0.02)), FL (-0.034 (-0.063, -0.004)), HC (-0.034 (-0.065, -0.004)), and AC (-0.041 (-0.072, -0.01)), respectively. Interestingly, we discovered the effect modification of NDVI on the relationship between ozone exposure and fetal growth restriction (P for interaction < 0.05). This study established a negative relationship of maternal ozone exposure and fetal growth. Of importance, this study discovered the joint effect and interaction between ozone and residential greenness exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Zhu
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Disease Research, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yudiyang Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Linxi Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Disease Research, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chong Miao
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Disease Research, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hua Cao
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Disease Research, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Yaohua Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
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14
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Jiang H, Han TL, Yang J, Yang Y, Wang F, Chen Y, Huang N, Mansell T, Craig JM, Scurrah KJ, Novakovic B, Baker PN, Zhang H, Wei Y, Wang L, Saffery R. Evidence for ethnicity and location as regulators of the newborn blood metabolome: a monozygous twin study. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1259777. [PMID: 38239842 PMCID: PMC10794553 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1259777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Monochorionic, diamniotic (MCDA) monozygotic twins share nearly all genetic variation and a common placenta in utero. Despite this, MCDA twins are often discordant for a range of common phenotypes, including early growth and birth weight. As such, MCDA twins represent a unique model to explore variation in early growth attributable primarily to in utero environmental factors. Methods MCDA twins with a range of within-pair birth weight discordance were sampled from the peri/postnatal epigenetic twin study (PETS, Melbourne; n = 26 pairs), Beijing twin study (BTS, Beijing; n = 25), and the Chongqing longitudinal twin study (LoTiS, Chongqing; n = 22). All PETS participants were of European-Australian ancestry, while all Chinese participants had Han ancestry. The average of the birth weight difference between the larger and smaller co-twins for all twin pairs was determined and metabolomic profiles of amino acids, TCA cycle intermediates, fatty acids, organic acids, and their derivatives generated from cord blood plasma by gas chromatograph mass spectrometry. Within and between co-twin pair analyses were performed to identify metabolites specifically associated with discordance in birth weight. Multivariable regression and pathway enrichment analyses between different regions were performed to evaluate the geographical effects on the metabolism of MCDA twin pairs. Results PETS twins showed a markedly different metabolic profile at birth compared to the two Chinese samples. Within-pair analysis revealed an association of glutathione, creatinine, and levulinic acid with birth weight discordance. Caffeine, phenylalanine, and several saturated fatty acid levels were uniquely elevated in PETS twins and were associated with maternal BMI and average within pair birth weight, in addition to birth weight discordance. LoTiS twins had higher levels of glutathione, tyrosine, and gamma-linolenic acid relative to PETS and BTS twins, potentially associated with eating habits. Conclusion This study highlights the potential role of underlying genetic variation (shared by MZ twins), in utero (non-shared by MZ twins) and location-specific (shared by MZ twins) environmental factors, in regulating the cord blood metabolome of uncomplicated MCDA twins. Future research is needed to unravel these complex relationships that may play a key role in phenotypic metabolic alterations of twins independent of genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Jiang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Mass Spectrometry Centre of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Life Science Institution, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengdi Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuelu Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nana Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Toby Mansell
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeffrey M. Craig
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katrina J. Scurrah
- Twins Research Australia and Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip N. Baker
- College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lianlian Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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15
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O'Sharkey K, Xu Y, Cabison J, Rosales M, Yang T, Chavez T, Johnson M, Lerner D, Lurvey N, Corral CMT, Farzan SF, Bastain TM, Breton CV, Habre R. Effects of in-utero personal exposure to PM 2.5 sources and components on birthweight. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21987. [PMID: 38081912 PMCID: PMC10713978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48920-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In-utero exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and specific sources and components of PM2.5 have been linked with lower birthweight. However, previous results have been mixed, likely due to heterogeneity in sources impacting PM2.5 and due to measurement error from using ambient data. Therefore, we investigated the effect of PM2.5 sources and their high-loading components on birthweight using data from 198 women in the 3rd trimester from the MADRES cohort 48-h personal PM2.5 exposure monitoring sub-study. The mass contributions of six major sources of personal PM2.5 exposure were estimated for 198 pregnant women in the 3rd trimester using the EPA Positive Matrix Factorization v5.0 model, along with their 17 high-loading chemical components using optical carbon and X-ray fluorescence approaches. Single- and multi-pollutant linear regressions evaluated the association between personal PM2.5 sources/components and birthweight, adjusting for gestational age, maternal age, race, infant sex, parity, diabetes status, temperature, maternal education, and smoking history. Participants were predominately Hispanic (81%), with a mean (SD) gestational age of 39.1 (1.5) weeks and age of 28.2 (6.0) years. Mean birthweight was 3295.8 g (484.1) and mean PM2.5 exposure was 21.3 (14.4) µg/m3. A 1 SD increase in the mass contribution of the fresh sea salt source was associated with a 99.2 g decrease in birthweight (95% CI - 197.7, - 0.6), and aged sea salt was associated with a 70.1 g decrease in birthweight (95% CI - 141.7, 1.4). Magnesium, sodium, and chlorine were associated with lower birthweight, which remained after adjusting for PM2.5 mass. This study found evidence that major sources of personal PM2.5 including fresh and aged sea salt were negatively associated with birthweight, with the strongest effect on birthweight from Na and Mg. The effect of crustal and fuel oil sources differed by infant sex with negative associations seen in boys compared to positive associations in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl O'Sharkey
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| | - Yan Xu
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jane Cabison
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Marisela Rosales
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Tingyu Yang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Thomas Chavez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Mark Johnson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | | | | | - Claudia M Toledo Corral
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Shohreh F Farzan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Theresa M Bastain
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Rima Habre
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Hu B, Xu L, Yang X, Qu S, Wu L, Sun Y, Yan J, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Wang Y, Jia R. Association between ambient air pollution exposure in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome in Nanjing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:116266-116278. [PMID: 37910359 PMCID: PMC10682106 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Antenatal exposure to air pollutants is thought to be associated with a variety of maternal blood markers as well as adverse birth outcomes. However, the dysgenic influence of air pollutants on the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in mothers and their pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. In the current study, 371 mother-infant pairs (189 healthy: 182 APS) from Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital as well as air pollutants concentration from their living environment were used to investigate correlations between air pollution with maternal blood indicators and fetal birth weight in the groups of APS and healthy mothers. Generalized linear model was used to evaluate the contributions of air pollutant exposure during pregnancy to the blood indicators variation. The relationships between birth weight with specific air pollutant and blood index were analyzed using ridge regression. Results showed that APS fetal birth weight was significantly impacted by air pollutant exposure during pregnancy, in particular, the birth weight decreased significantly along with increasing fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and fine particulate matter 10 (PM10) exposure concentrations throughout pregnancy. In contrast, birth weight increased significantly with sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure. In addition, APS-related blood indicators comprised of platelet distribution width (PDW), total bilirubin (TBIL), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet-larger cell ratio (P_LCR), homocysteine (HCY), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct bilirubin (DBIL), basophilic granulocyte (BAS), platelet thrombocytocrit (PCT), preprandial glucose levels (OGTT0), monocytes (MON), and monocytes ratio (MON_ratio) were also strongly related with prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and PM10, in which PDW levels showed most strongly negative impaction on fetal birth weight. Together, we showed that prenatal exposure to air pollutant (PM2.5 and PM10) may exacerbate the poor birth outcomes of low birth weight by impacting APS maternal blood indicators especially for PDW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimei Hu
- Lianyungang Branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Union Technical Institute, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linjie Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiwen Qu
- Lianyungang Branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Union Technical Institute, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumei Sun
- Information Center, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yexiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoer Yu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruizhe Jia
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
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17
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Liao J, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Qiu C, Chen W, Zhang JJ, Berhane K, Bai Z, Han B, Xu J, Jiang YH, Gilliland F, Yan W, Huang G, Chen Z. Identifying critical windows of air pollution exposure during preconception and gestational period on birthweight: a prospective cohort study. Environ Health 2023; 22:71. [PMID: 37858139 PMCID: PMC10585741 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have assessed air pollution exposure association with birthweight during both preconception and gestational periods. METHODS Leveraging a preconception cohort consisting of 14220 pregnant women and newborn children in Shanghai, China during 2016-2018, we aim to assess associations of NO2 and PM2.5 exposure, derived from high-resolution spatial-temporal models, during preconception and gestational periods with outcomes including term birthweight, birthweight Z-score, small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA). Linear and logistic regressions were used to estimate 3-month preconception and trimester-averaged air pollution exposure associations; and distributed lag models (DLM) were used to identify critical exposure windows at the weekly resolution from preconception to delivery. Two-pollutant models and children's sex-specific associations were explored. RESULTS After controlling for covariates, one standard deviation (SD) (11.5 μg/m3, equivalent to 6.1 ppb) increase in NO2 exposure during the second and the third trimester was associated with 13% (95% confidence interval: 2 - 26%) and 14% (95% CI: 1 - 29%) increase in SGA, respectively; and one SD (9.6 μg/m3) increase in PM2.5 exposure during the third trimester was associated with 15% (95% CI: 1 - 31%) increase in SGA. No association have been found for outcomes of birthweight, birthweight Z-score and LGA. DLM found that gestational weeks 22-32 were a critical window, when NO2 exposure had strongest associations with SGA. The associations of air pollution exposure tended to be stronger in female newborns than in male newborns. However, no significant associations of air pollution exposure during preconception period on birthweight outcomes were found. CONCLUSION Consistent with previous studies, we found that air pollution exposure during mid-to-late pregnancy was associated with adverse birthweight outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Liao
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenchun Yang
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Chenyu Qiu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Wu Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Junfeng Jim Zhang
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Division of Environmental Science and Policy, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Zhipeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Neuroscience, and Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Frank Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Weili Yan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
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18
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Cai J, Jiang H, Chen Y, Liu Z, Han Y, Shen H, Song J, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang R, Chen J, Zhang G. Char dominates black carbon aerosol emission and its historic reduction in China. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6444. [PMID: 37833278 PMCID: PMC10575950 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Emission factors and inventories of black carbon (BC) aerosols are crucial for estimating their adverse atmospheric effect. However, it is imperative to separate BC emissions into char and soot subgroups due to their significantly different physicochemical properties and potential effects. Here, we present a substantial dataset of char and soot emission factors derived from field and laboratory measurements. Based on the latest results of the char-to-soot ratio, we further reconstructed the emission inventories of char and soot for the years 1960-2017 in China. Our findings indicate that char dominates annual BC emissions and its huge historical reduction, which can be attributable to the rapid changes in energy structure, combustion technology and emission standards in recent decades. Our results suggest that further BC emission reductions in both China and the world should focus on char, which mainly derives from lower-temperature combustion and is easier to decrease compared to soot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hongxing Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yingjun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yong Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Huizhong Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianzhong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yanlin Zhang
- Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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19
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Dogra SA, Lightfoot K, Kerr R, Hall J, Joseph O, Siddig N, Nutting H, Shire KA, Roberts H, Small N, McEachan RR, Wright J. Born in Bradford Age of Wonder cohort: A protocol for qualitative longitudinal research. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:270. [PMID: 37485293 PMCID: PMC10362373 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18096.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bradford is multi-ethnic and one of the most deprived districts in the United Kingdom where around a quarter of children live in low-income families. Born in Bradford (BiB) has followed the lives of 13,776 children born in the district between 2007 and 2011. Children in the birth cohort are now entering adolescence, and the next phase of the research - Age of Wonder (AoW) - will be a whole city cohort capturing the experiences of 30,000 adolescents progressing into young adulthood. This protocol focuses on one component of the AoW programme: qualitative longitudinal research (QLR). The study will gather in depth and detailed accounts from a sub-sample of 100 young people across four major research priorities: personal life; social and community life; growing up with difference, and growing up in Bradford. As well as using traditional qualitative methods such as interviews, focus group discussions, and ethnography, we are adopting innovative creative methods including expressions through art, activism, online and digital content, portraits, and critical events. The process of engaging in and co-producing QLR potentially provides a route to empowering young people to shape the narrative of their own lives as well as informing intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufyan Abid Dogra
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Kate Lightfoot
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Rosslyn Kerr
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Jennifer Hall
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Olivia Joseph
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | | | - Hannah Nutting
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Katy A. Shire
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Helen Roberts
- Institute of Child Health, UCL Great Ormond Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Neil Small
- University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Rosemary R.C. McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
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20
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Wang W, Mu S, Yan W, Ke N, Cheng H, Ding R. Prenatal PM2.5 exposure increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: evidence from meta-analysis of cohort studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:106145-106197. [PMID: 37723397 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) are a significant cause of fetal death. A wide range of maternal psychological, social, and environmental factors may contribute to these outcomes. Mounting epidemiological studies have indicated that PM2.5 may result in these unfavorable consequences. Previously published meta-analyses have been updated and extended. Cohort studies were searched from three databases (up to July 24, 2023), and their quality was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Publication bias was examined by Egger's test and funnel plot. Despite a large number of studies showing similar results, the inconsistencies between these findings require careful generalization before concluding. This meta-analysis included 67 cohort studies from 20 countries, and the findings revealed that maternal PM2.5 exposure and five APOs were correlated significantly throughout pregnancy: preterm birth (PTB) (RR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.07); low birth weight (LBW) (RR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.04); small for gestational age (SGA) (RR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.04); stillbirth (RR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.45); and change in birthweight (weight change = -6.82 g; 95% CI: -11.39, -2.25). A positive association was found between APOs and PM2.5 exposure in this meta-analysis, and the degree of increased risk of APOs varied due to different gestation periods. Therefore, it is necessary to protect pregnant women at specific times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanrong Wang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Mu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Weizhen Yan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Naiyu Ke
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Han Cheng
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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21
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Gupta MK, Peng H, Li Y, Xu CJ. The role of DNA methylation in personalized medicine for immune-related diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108508. [PMID: 37567513 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics functions as a bridge between host genetic & environmental factors, aiding in human health and diseases. Many immune-related diseases, including infectious and allergic diseases, have been linked to epigenetic mechanisms, particularly DNA methylation. In this review, we summarized an updated overview of DNA methylation and its importance in personalized medicine, and demonstrated that DNA methylation has excellent potential for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in a personalized manner. The future implications and limitations of the DNA methylation study have also been well-discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - He Peng
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yang Li
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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22
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Bastos-Moreira Y, Ouédraogo L, De Boevre M, Argaw A, de Kok B, Hanley-Cook GT, Deng L, Ouédraogo M, Compaoré A, Tesfamariam K, Ganaba R, Huybregts L, Toe LC, Lachat C, Kolsteren P, De Saeger S, Dailey-Chwalibóg T. A Multi-Omics and Human Biomonitoring Approach to Assessing the Effectiveness of Fortified Balanced Energy-Protein Supplementation on Maternal and Newborn Health in Burkina Faso: A Study Protocol. Nutrients 2023; 15:4056. [PMID: 37764838 PMCID: PMC10535470 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fortified balanced energy-protein (BEP) supplementation is a promising intervention for improving maternal health, birth outcomes and infant growth in low- and middle-income countries. This nested biospecimen sub-study aimed to evaluate the physiological effect of multi-micronutrient-fortified BEP supplementation on pregnant and lactating women and their infants. Pregnant women (15-40 years) received either fortified BEP and iron-folic acid (IFA) (intervention) or IFA only (control) throughout pregnancy. The same women were concurrently randomized to receive either a fortified BEP supplement during the first 6 months postpartum in combination with IFA for the first 6 weeks (i.e., intervention) or the postnatal standard of care, which comprised IFA alone for 6 weeks postpartum (i.e., control). Biological specimens were collected at different timepoints. Multi-omics profiles will be characterized to assess the mediating effect of BEP supplementation on the different trial arms and its effect on maternal health, as well as birth and infant growth outcomes. The mediating effect of the exposome in the relationship between BEP supplementation and maternal health, birth outcomes and infant growth were characterized via biomonitoring markers of air pollution, mycotoxins and environmental contaminants. The results will provide holistic insight into the granular physiological effects of prenatal and postnatal BEP supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Bastos-Moreira
- Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, MYTOXSOUTH Coordination Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (S.D.S.)
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Lionel Ouédraogo
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
- Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 390, Burkina Faso
| | - Marthe De Boevre
- Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, MYTOXSOUTH Coordination Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Alemayehu Argaw
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Brenda de Kok
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Giles T. Hanley-Cook
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Lishi Deng
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Moctar Ouédraogo
- Agence de Formation de Recherche et d’Expertise en Santé pour l’Afrique (AFRICSanté), Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 298, Burkina Faso; (M.O.); (A.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Anderson Compaoré
- Agence de Formation de Recherche et d’Expertise en Santé pour l’Afrique (AFRICSanté), Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 298, Burkina Faso; (M.O.); (A.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Kokeb Tesfamariam
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Rasmané Ganaba
- Agence de Formation de Recherche et d’Expertise en Santé pour l’Afrique (AFRICSanté), Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 298, Burkina Faso; (M.O.); (A.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Lieven Huybregts
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
- Nutrition, Diets, and Health Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition Policy, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Laeticia Celine Toe
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
- Unité Nutrition et Maladies Métaboliques, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 545, Burkina Faso
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Patrick Kolsteren
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, MYTOXSOUTH Coordination Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (S.D.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Gauteng 2028, South Africa
| | - Trenton Dailey-Chwalibóg
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.O.); (A.A.); (B.d.K.); (G.T.H.-C.); (L.D.); (K.T.); (L.H.); (L.C.T.); (C.L.); (P.K.)
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Plusquin M, Wang C, Cosemans C, Roels HA, Vangeneugden M, Lapauw B, Fiers T, T'Sjoen G, Nawrot TS. The association between newborn cord blood steroids and ambient prenatal exposure to air pollution: findings from the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort. Environ Health 2023; 22:63. [PMID: 37674219 PMCID: PMC10483875 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01010-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of whether prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution disrupts steroidogenesis is currently lacking. We investigated the association between prenatal ambient air pollution and highly accurate measurements of cord blood steroid hormones from the androgenic pathway.This study included 397 newborns born between the years 2010 and 2015 from the ENVIRONAGE cohort in Belgium of whom six cord blood steroid levels were measured: 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, pregnenolone, androstenedione, and testosterone. Maternal ambient exposure to PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm), NO2, and black carbon (BC) were estimated daily during the entire pregnancy using a high-resolution spatiotemporal model. The associations between the cord blood steroids and the air pollutants were tested and estimated by first fitting linear regression models and followed by fitting weekly prenatal exposures to distributed lag models (DLM). These analyses accounted for possible confounders, coexposures, and an interaction effect between sex and the exposure. We examined mixture effects and critical exposure windows of PM2.5, NO2 and BC on cord blood steroids via the Bayesian kernel machine regression distributed lag model (BKMR-DLM).An interquartile range (IQR) increment of 7.96 µg/m3 in PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy trimester 3 was associated with an increase of 23.01% (99% confidence interval: 3.26-46.54%) in cord blood levels of 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, and an IQR increment of 0.58 µg/m³ in BC exposure during trimester 1 was associated with a decrease of 11.00% (99% CI: -19.86 to -0.012%) in cord blood levels of androstenedione. For these two models, the DLM statistics identified sensitive gestational time windows for cord blood steroids and ambient air pollution exposures, in particular for 17α-hydroxypregnenolone and PM2.5 exposure during trimester 3 (weeks 28-36) and for androsterone and BC exposure during early pregnancy (weeks 2-13) as well as during mid-pregnancy (weeks 18-26). We identified interaction effects between pollutants, which has been suggested especially for NO2.Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants during pregnancy interferes with steroid levels in cord blood. Further studies should investigate potential early-life action mechanisms and possible later-in-life adverse effects of hormonal disturbances due to air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Harry A Roels
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Bruno Lapauw
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Fiers
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy T'Sjoen
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
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24
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Wang Y, Ghassabian A, Gu B, Afanasyeva Y, Li Y, Trasande L, Liu M. Semiparametric distributed lag quantile regression for modeling time-dependent exposure mixtures. Biometrics 2023; 79:2619-2632. [PMID: 35612351 PMCID: PMC10718172 DOI: 10.1111/biom.13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Studying time-dependent exposure mixtures has gained increasing attentions in environmental health research. When a scalar outcome is of interest, distributed lag (DL) models have been employed to characterize the exposures effects distributed over time on the mean of final outcome. However, there is a methodological gap on investigating time-dependent exposure mixtures with different quantiles of outcome. In this paper, we introduce semiparametric partial-linear single-index (PLSI) DL quantile regression, which can describe the DL effects of time-dependent exposure mixtures on different quantiles of outcome and identify susceptible periods of exposures. We consider two time-dependent exposure settings: discrete and functional, when exposures are measured in a small number of time points and at dense time grids, respectively. Spline techniques are used to approximate the nonparametric DL function and single-index link function, and a profile estimation algorithm is proposed. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate the performance and value of our proposed models and inference procedures. We further apply the proposed methods to study the effects of maternal exposures to ambient air pollutants of fine particulate and nitrogen dioxide on birth weight in New York University Children's Health and Environment Study (NYU CHES).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Wang
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bo Gu
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yelena Afanasyeva
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yiwei Li
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- NYU Wagner School of Public Service, New York, New York, USA
- NYU School of Global Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mengling Liu
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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25
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Buxton MA, Fleischer NL, Ro A, O’Neill MS. Structural racism, air pollution and the association with adverse birth outcomes in the United States: the value of examining intergenerational associations. FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 3:1190407. [PMID: 38455927 PMCID: PMC10910959 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2023.1190407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Structurally racist policies and practices of the past are likely to be a driving factor in current day differences in exposure to air pollution and may contribute to observed racial and ethnic disparities in adverse birth outcomes in the United States (U.S.). Non-Hispanic Black women in the U.S. experience poorer health outcomes during pregnancy and throughout the life course compared to non-Hispanic White women. This disparity holds even among non-Hispanic Black women with higher socioeconomic status. Reasons for this finding remain unclear, but long-term environmental exposure, either historical exposure or both historical and ongoing exposure, may contribute. Structural racism likely contributes to differences in social and environmental exposures by race in the U.S. context, and these differences can affect health and wellbeing across multiple generations. In this paper, we briefly review current knowledge and recommendations on the study of race and structural racism in environmental epidemiology, specifically focused on air pollution. We describe a conceptual framework and opportunities to use existing historical data from multiple sources to evaluate multi-generational influences of air pollution and structurally racist policies on birth and other relevant health outcomes. Increased analysis of this kind of data is critical for our understanding of structural racism's impact on multiple factors, including environmental exposures and adverse health outcomes, and identifying how past policies can have enduring legacies in shaping health and well-being in the present day. The intended purpose of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the widespread reach of structural racism, its potential association with health disparities and a comprehensive approach in environmental health research that may be required to study and address these problems in the U.S. The collaborative and methodological approaches we highlight have the potential to identify modifiable factors that can lead to effective interventions for health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miatta A. Buxton
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nancy L. Fleischer
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Annie Ro
- Department of Health, Society, and Behavior, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Marie S. O’Neill
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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26
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O'Sharkey K, Xu Y, Cabison J, Rosales M, Yang T, Chavez T, Johnson M, Lerner D, Lurvey N, Toledo Corral CM, Farzan SF, Bastain TM, Breton CV, Habre R. Effects of In-Utero Personal Exposure to PM2.5 Sources and Components on Birthweight. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3026552. [PMID: 37333108 PMCID: PMC10274950 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3026552/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Background In-utero exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and specific sources and components of PM2.5 have been linked with lower birthweight. However, previous results have been mixed, likely due to heterogeneity in sources impacting PM2.5 and due to measurement error from using ambient data. Therefore, we investigated the effect of PM2.5 sources and their high-loading components on birthweight using data from 198 women in the 3rd trimester from the MADRES cohort 48-hour personal PM2.5 exposure monitoring sub-study. Methods The mass contributions of six major sources of personal PM2.5 exposure were estimated for 198 pregnant women in the 3rd trimester using the EPA Positive Matrix Factorization v5.0 model, along with their 17 high-loading chemical components using optical carbon and X-ray fluorescence approaches. Single- and multi-pollutant linear regressions were used to evaluate the association between personal PM2.5 sources and birthweight. Additionally, high-loading components were evaluated with birthweight individually and in models further adjusted for PM2.5 mass. Results Participants were predominately Hispanic (81%), with a mean (SD) gestational age of 39.1 (1.5) weeks and age of 28.2 (6.0) years. Mean birthweight was 3,295.8g (484.1) and mean PM2.5 exposure was 21.3 (14.4) μg/m3. A 1 SD increase in the mass contribution of the fresh sea salt source was associated with a 99.2g decrease in birthweight (95% CI: -197.7, -0.6), while aged sea salt was associated with lower birthweight (β =-70.1; 95% CI: -141.7, 1.4). Magnesium sodium, and chlorine were associated with lower birthweight, which remained after adjusting for PM2.5 mass. Conclusions This study found evidence that major sources of personal PM2.5 including fresh and aged sea salt were negatively associated with birthweight, with the strongest effect on birthweight from Na and Mg. The effect of crustal and fuel oil sources differed by infant sex with negative associations seen in boys compared to positive associations in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Xu
- University of Southern California
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Bongaerts E, Nawrot TS, Wang C, Ameloot M, Bové H, Roeffaers MB, Chavatte-Palmer P, Couturier-Tarrade A, Cassee FR. Placental-fetal distribution of carbon particles in a pregnant rabbit model after repeated exposure to diluted diesel engine exhaust. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:20. [PMID: 37202804 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airborne pollution particles have been shown to translocate from the mother's lung to the fetal circulation, but their distribution and internal placental-fetal tissue load remain poorly explored. Here, we investigated the placental-fetal load and distribution of diesel engine exhaust particles during gestation under controlled exposure conditions using a pregnant rabbit model. Pregnant dams were exposed by nose-only inhalation to either clean air (controls) or diluted and filtered diesel engine exhaust (1 mg/m3) for 2 h/day, 5 days/week, from gestational day (GD) 3 to GD27. At GD28, placental and fetal tissues (i.e., heart, kidney, liver, lung and gonads) were collected for biometry and to study the presence of carbon particles (CPs) using white light generation by carbonaceous particles under femtosecond pulsed laser illumination. RESULTS CPs were detected in the placenta, fetal heart, kidney, liver, lung and gonads in significantly higher amounts in exposed rabbits compared with controls. Through multiple factor analysis, we were able to discriminate the diesel engine exposed pregnant rabbits from the control group taking all variables related to fetoplacental biometry and CP load into consideration. Our findings did not reveal a sex effect, yet a potential interaction effect might be present between exposure and fetal sex. CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed the translocation of maternally inhaled CPs from diesel engine exhaust to the placenta which could be detected in fetal organs during late-stage pregnancy. The exposed can be clearly discriminated from the control group with respect to fetoplacental biometry and CP load. The differential particle load in the fetal organs may contribute to the effects on fetoplacental biometry and to the malprogramming of the fetal phenotype with long-term effects later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bongaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35 blok d-box 7001, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, Diepenbeek, 3590, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Bové
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Maarten Bj Roeffaers
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan, Leuven, 200F-box 2454, 3001, Belgium
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Misons-Alfort, 94700, France
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Misons-Alfort, 94700, France
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, PObox1, Bilthoven, 3720 BA, the Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division Toxicology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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28
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Borlaza LJS, Uzu G, Ouidir M, Lyon-Caen S, Marsal A, Weber S, Siroux V, Lepeule J, Boudier A, Jaffrezo JL, Slama R. Personal exposure to PM 2.5 oxidative potential and its association to birth outcomes. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 33:416-426. [PMID: 36369373 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-022-00487-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) assessed through its mass concentration has been associated with foetal growth restriction in studies based on outdoor levels. Oxidative potential of PM2.5 (OP) is an emerging metric a priori relevant to mechanisms of action of PM on health, with very limited evidence to indicate its role on birth outcomes. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association of OP with birth outcomes and compared it with that of PM2.5 mass concentration. METHODS 405 pregnant women from SEPAGES cohort (Grenoble area) carried PM2.5 personal dosimeters for one or two one-week periods. OP was measured using dithiothreitol (DTT) and ascorbic acid (AA) assays from the collected filters. Associations of each exposure metric with offspring weight, height, and head circumference at birth were estimated adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The correlation between PM2.5 mass concentration and [Formula: see text] was 0.7. An interquartile range increase in .. was associated with reduced weight (adjusted change, -64 g, -166 to -11, p = 0.02) and height (-4 mm, -6 to -1, p = 0.01) at birth. PM2.5 mass concentration showed similar associations with weight (-53 g, -99 to -8, p = 0.02) and height (-2 mm, -5 to 0, p = 0.05). In birth height models mutually adjusted for the two exposure metrics, the association with [Formula: see text] was less attenuated than that with mass concentration, while for weight both effect sizes attenuated similarly. There was no clear evidence of associations with head circumference for any metric, nor for [Formula: see text] with any growth parameter. IMPACT PM2.5 pregnancy exposure assessed from personal dosimeters was associated with altered foetal growth. Personal OP exposure was associated with foetal growth restrictions, specifically decreased weight and height at birth, possibly to a larger extent than PM2.5 mass concentration alone. These results support OP assessed from DTT as being a health-relevant metric. Larger scale cohort studies are recommended to support our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaëlle Uzu
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, INP-G, IGE (UMR 5001), F-38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Marion Ouidir
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Anouk Marsal
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, INP-G, IGE (UMR 5001), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Samuël Weber
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, INP-G, IGE (UMR 5001), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Valérie Siroux
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Boudier
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
- Pediatrics, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Jaffrezo
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, INP-G, IGE (UMR 5001), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France.
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Li P, Wu J, Tong M, Li J, Wang R, Ni X, Lu H, Deng J, Ai S, Xue T, Zhu T. The association of birthweight with fine particle exposure is modifiable by source sector: Findings from a cross-sectional study of 17 low- and middle-income countries. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 253:114696. [PMID: 36857918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low birthweight attributable to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is a global issue affecting infant health, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, large-population studies of multiple LMICs are lacking, and little is known about whether the source of PM2.5 is a determinant of the toxic effect on birthweight. OBJECTIVE We examined the effect on birthweight of long-term exposure to PM2.5 from different sources in LMICs. METHODS The birthweights of 53,449 infants born between September 16, 2017 and September 15, 2018 in 17 LMICs were collected from demographic and health surveys. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 in 2017 produced by 20 different sources was estimated by combining chemical transport model simulations with satellite-based concentrations of total mass. Generalized linear regression models were used to investigate the associations between birthweight and each source-specific PM2.5 exposure. A multiple-pollutant model with a ridge penalty on the coefficients of all 20-source-specific components was employed to develop a joint exposure-response function (JERF) of the PM2.5 mixtures. The estimated JERF was then used to quantify the global burden of birthweight reduction attributable to PM2.5 mixtures and to PM2.5 from specific sources. RESULTS The fully adjusted single-pollutant model indicated that exposure to a 10 μg/m3 increase in total PM2.5 was significantly associated with a -6.6 g (95% CI -11.0 to -2.3) reduction in birthweight. In single- and multiple-pollutant models, significant birthweight changes were associated with exposure to PM2.5 produced by international shipping (SHP), solvents (SLV), agricultural waste burning (GFEDagburn), road transportation (ROAD), waste handling and disposal (WST), and windblown dust (WDUST). Based on the global average exposure to PM2.5 mixtures, the JERF showed that the overall change in birthweight could mostly be attributed to PM2.5 produced by ROAD (-37.7 g [95% CI -49.2 to -24.4] for a global average exposure of 2.2 μg/m3), followed by WST (-27.5 g [95% CI -42.6 to -10.7] for a 1.6-μg/m3 exposure), WDUST (-19.5 g [95% CI -26.7 to -12.6] for a 8.6-μg/m3 exposure), and SHP (-19.0 g [95% CI -32.3 to -5.7] for a 0.2-μg/m3 exposure), which, with the exception of WDUST, are anthropogenic sources. The changes in birthweight varied geographically and were co-determined by the concentration as well as the source profile of the PM2.5 mixture. CONCLUSION PM2.5 exposure is associated with a reduction in birthweight, but our study shows that the magnitude of the association differs depending on the PM2.5 source. A source-targeted emission-control strategy that considers local features is therefore critical to maximize the health benefits of air quality improvement, especially with respect to promoting maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou 311215, China; National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou 311215, China.
| | - Mingkun Tong
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jiajianghui Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Ruohan Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xueqiu Ni
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hong Lu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jianyu Deng
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Siqi Ai
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Tao Xue
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Environment and Health, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Tong Zhu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for Environment and Health, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Soesanti F, Uiterwaal CSPM, Meliefste K, Chen J, Brunekreef B, Idris NS, Grobbee DE, Klipstein-Grobusch K, Hoek G. The effect of exposure to traffic related air pollutants in pregnancy on birth anthropometry: a cohort study in a heavily polluted low-middle income country. Environ Health 2023; 22:22. [PMID: 36843017 PMCID: PMC9969650 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution has been recognized as one of the most important environmental health threats. Exposure in early life may affect pregnancy outcomes and the health of the offspring. The main objective of our study was to assess the association between prenatal exposure to traffic related air pollutants during pregnancy on birth weight and length. Second, to evaluate the association between prenatal exposure to traffic related air pollutants and the risk of low birth weight (LBW). METHODS Three hundred forty mother-infant pairs were included in this prospective cohort study performed in Jakarta, March 2016-September 2020. Exposure to outdoor PM2.5, soot, NOx, and NO2 was assessed by land use regression (LUR) models at individual level. Multiple linear regression models were built to evaluate the association between air pollutants with birth weight (BW) and birth length (BL). Logistic regression was used to assess the risk of low birth weight (LBW) associated with all air pollutants. RESULTS The average PM2.5 concentration was almost eight times higher than the current WHO guideline and the NO2 level was three times higher. Soot and NOx were significantly associated with reduced birth length. Birth length was reduced by - 3.83 mm (95% CI -6.91; - 0.75) for every IQR (0.74 × 10- 5 per m) increase of soot, and reduced by - 2.82 mm (95% CI -5.33;-0.30) for every IQR (4.68 μg/m3) increase of NOx. Outdoor air pollutants were not significantly associated with reduced birth weight nor the risk of LBW. CONCLUSION Exposure to soot and NOx during pregnancy was associated with reduced birth length. Associations between exposure to all air pollutants with birth weight and the risk of LBW were less convincing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Soesanti
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Cuno S P M Uiterwaal
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Meliefste
- Environmental and Occupational Health Group Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jie Chen
- Environmental and Occupational Health Group Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Environmental and Occupational Health Group Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nikmah S Idris
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Diederick E Grobbee
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Environmental and Occupational Health Group Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Zong ZQ, Chen SW, Wu Y, Gui SY, Zhang XJ, Hu CY. Ambient air pollution exposure and telomere length: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 2023; 215:42-55. [PMID: 36642039 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide evidence of the associations between pre- and post-birth and adulthood air pollution exposure with telomere length. STUDY DESIGN The databases of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched up to June 1st, 2022 in order to include relevant observational studies and perform a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The random-effects meta-analysis was grouped by air pollutant and exposure window (pre- and post-birth and adulthood) to evaluate the summary effect estimate. Cochran's Q and I2 statistics were used to evaluate the heterogeneity among the included studies. The quality of individual studies was evaluated using the national toxicology program/office of health assessment and translation risk of bias rating tool. RESULTS We identified 18 studies, covering 8506 children and 2263 adults from multiple countries. We found moderate evidence that particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure during the entire pregnancy (-0.043, 95% CI: -0.067, -0.018), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure during the first trimester (-0.016, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.027, -0.005), long-term adulthood PM2.5 exposure were associated with shortening telomere length. Mild to high between-study heterogeneity was observed for the most tested air pollutant-telomere length combinations in different exposure windows. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis provides the evidence which strongly supports that prenatal PM2.5 and NO2 exposures were related to reduced telomere length, while prenatal sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) exposures, childhood PM2.5, particulate matter less than 10 μm (PM10), NO2 exposures and short-term adulthood PM2.5 and PM10 exposures were not associated with telomere length. Further high-quality studies are needed to elaborate our suggestive associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-Q Zong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - S-W Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Y Wu
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; The Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Cancer Center of Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - S-Y Gui
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - X-J Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - C-Y Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
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Khreis H, Sanchez KA, Foster M, Burns J, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Jaikumar R, Ramani T, Zietsman J. Urban policy interventions to reduce traffic-related emissions and air pollution: A systematic evidence map. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 172:107805. [PMID: 36780750 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban areas are hot spots for human exposure to air pollution, which originates in large part from traffic. As the urban population continues to grow, a greater number of people risk exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and its adverse, costly health effects. In many cities, there is a need and scope for air quality improvements through targeted policy interventions, which continue to grow including rapidly changing technologies. OBJECTIVE This systematic evidence map (SEM) examines and characterizes peer-reviewed evidence on urban-level policy interventions aimed at reducing traffic emissions and/or TRAP from on-road mobile sources, thus potentially reducing human exposures and adverse health effects and producing various co-benefits. METHODS This SEM follows a previously peer-reviewed and published protocol with minor deviations, explicitly outlined here. Articles indexed in Public Affairs Index, TRID, Medline and Embase were searched, limited to English, published between January 1, 2000, and June 1, 2020. Covidence was used to screen articles based on previously developed eligibility criteria. Data for included articles was extracted and manually documented into an Excel database. Data visualizations were created in Tableau. RESULTS We identified 7528 unique articles from database searches and included 376 unique articles in the final SEM. There were 58 unique policy interventions, and a total of 1,139 unique policy scenarios, comprising these interventions and different combinations thereof. The policy interventions fell under 6 overarching policy categories: 1) pricing, 2) land use, 3) infrastructure, 4) behavioral, 5) technology, and 6) management, standards, and services, with the latter being the most studied. For geographic location, 463 policy scenarios were studied in Europe, followed by 355 in Asia, 206 in North America, 57 in South America, 10 in Africa, and 7 in Australia. Alternative fuel technology was the most frequently studied intervention (271 times), followed by vehicle emission regulation (134 times). The least frequently studied interventions were vehicle ownership taxes, and studded tire regulations, studied once each. A mere 3 % of studies addressed all elements of the full-chain-traffic emissions, TRAP, exposures, and health. The evidence recorded for each unique policy scenario is hosted in an open-access, query-able Excel database, and a complementary interactive visualization tool. We showcase how users can find more about the effectiveness of the 1,139 included policy scenarios in reducing, increasing, having mixed or no effect on traffic emissions and/or TRAP. CONCLUSION This is the first peer-reviewed SEM to compile international evidence on urban-level policy interventions to reduce traffic emissions and/or TRAP in the context of human exposure and health effects. We also documented reported enablers, barriers, and co-benefits. The open-access Excel database and interactive visualization tool can be valuable resources for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers. Future updates to this work are recommended. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION Sanchez, K.A., Foster, M., Nieuwenhuijsen, M.J., May, A.D., Ramani, T., Zietsman, J. and Khreis, H., 2020. Urban policy interventions to reduce traffic emissions and traffic-related air pollution: Protocol for a systematic evidence map. Environment international, 142, p.105826.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Khreis
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Kristen A Sanchez
- Center for Advancing Research in Transportation Emissions, Energy, and Health (CARTEEH), Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI), TX, USA; Texas A&M School of Public Health, TX, USA.
| | - Margaret Foster
- Texas A&M University, Center for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Jacob Burns
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rohit Jaikumar
- Center for Advancing Research in Transportation Emissions, Energy, and Health (CARTEEH), Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI), TX, USA.
| | - Tara Ramani
- Center for Advancing Research in Transportation Emissions, Energy, and Health (CARTEEH), Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI), TX, USA.
| | - Josias Zietsman
- Center for Advancing Research in Transportation Emissions, Energy, and Health (CARTEEH), Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI), TX, USA.
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Ju L, Hua L, Xu H, Li C, Sun S, Zhang Q, Cao J, Ding R. Maternal atmospheric particulate matter exposure and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: A meta-analysis of cohort studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120704. [PMID: 36436666 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ambient air particulate exposure not only capable of elevating the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes, but also has profound implications for human health, but the results are discrepant. This meta-analysis aimed to provide higher grade evidence on the impacts of air particulate on specific pregnancy outcomes. A total of 81 eligible cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis, of which the outcomes included preterm birth (PTB), moderate PTB, very PTB, extreme PTB, term low birth weight (TLBW), term birth weight (TBW), stillbirth (SB) and small for gestational age (SGA). The results showed that every 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 exposure associated with 2.7%-9.3% increase of PTB risk in entire pregnancy, 2nd and 3rd trimesters; 10.5%-19.3% increase of very PTB risk in entire pregnancy, 1st and 2nd trimesters; 8.3% and 10.1% increase of TLBW and SGA risk in entire pregnancy; 25.6% and 10.1% increase of SB in entire pregnancy and 3rd trimester; and -13.274 g and -4.916 g reduce of TBW during entire pregnancy and 2nd trimester, respectively. Every 10 μg/m3 increase of PM10 exposure associated with 12.1% and 2.6% increase of PTB risk in entire pregnancy and 3rd trimester; 48.9% and 5.0% increase of moderate PTB risk in entire pregnancy and 2nd trimester; 14.4% and 10.3% increase of very PTB risk in 1st and 3rd trimesters; 2.9% increase of extremely PTB risk in 2nd trimester; 1.5%-3.8% and 2.9%-3.7% increase of TLBW and SGA risk in entire pregnancy, 1st and 2nd trimesters; 7.0% increase of SB risk in 3rd trimesters; and -4.537 g and -5.263 g reduce of TBW in 1st and 2nd trimesters, respectively. High mean annual PM concentrations were associated with more extreme adverse pregnancy outcomes (PTBs, SGA and SB), while low mean annual PM concentrations were associated with decreased TBW and increased risk of TLBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Ju
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Lei Hua
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Hanbing Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Changlian Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Shu Sun
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Jiyu Cao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Department of Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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He Y, Jiang W, Gao X, Lin C, Li J, Yang L. Short-term effects and economic burden of air pollutants on acute lower respiratory tract infections in children in Southwest China: a time-series study. Environ Health 2023; 22:6. [PMID: 36641448 PMCID: PMC9840265 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00962-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies on the effects of air pollutants on acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) in children. Here, we investigated the relationship of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with the daily number of hospitalizations for ALRI in children in Sichuan Province, China, and to estimate the economic burden of disease due to exposure to air pollutants. METHODS We collected records of 192,079 cases of childhood ALRI hospitalization between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018 from nine municipal/prefecture medical institutions as well as the simultaneous meteorological and air pollution data from 183 monitoring sites in Sichuan Province. A time series-generalized additive model was used to analyze exposure responses and lagged effects while assessing the economic burden caused by air pollutant exposure after controlling for long-term trends, seasonality, day of the week, and meteorological factors. RESULTS Our single-pollutant model shows that for each 10 μg/m3 increase in air pollutant concentration (1 μg/m3 for SO2), the effect estimates of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2 for pneumonia reached their maximum at lag4, lag010, lag010, and lag07, respectively, with relative risk (RR) values of 1.0064 (95% CI, 1.0004-1.0124), 1.0168(95% CI 1.0089-1.0248), 1.0278 (95% CI 1.0157-1.0400), and 1.0378 (95% CI, 1.0072-1.0692). By contrast, the effect estimates of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2 for bronchitis all reached their maximum at lag010, with RRs of 1.0133 (95% CI 1.0025-1.0242), 1.0161(95% CI 1.0085-1.0238), 1.0135 (95% CI 1.0025-1.0247), and 1.1133(95% CI 1.0739-1.1541). In addition, children aged 5-14 years were more vulnerable to air pollutants than those aged 0-4 years (p < 0.05). According to the World Health Organization's air quality guidelines, the number of ALRI hospitalizations attributed to PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 pollution during the study period was 7551, 10,151, and 7575, respectively, while the incurring economic burden was CNY 2847.06, 3827.27, and 2855.91 million. CONCLUSION This study shows that in Sichuan Province, elevated daily average concentrations of four air pollutants lead to increases in numbers of childhood ALRI hospitalizations and cause a serious economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- HEOA Group, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Road, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanyanhan Jiang
- HEOA Group, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Road, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Gao
- HEOA Group, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Road, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengwei Lin
- HEOA Group, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Road, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Li
- HEOA Group, School of Management, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Road, Chengdu, China
| | - Lian Yang
- HEOA Group, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Road, Chengdu, China
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Mitku AA, Zewotir T, North D, Jeena P, Asharam K, Muttoo S, Tularam H, Naidoo RN. Impact of ambient air pollution exposure during pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes: generalized structural equation modeling approach. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:45. [PMID: 36609258 PMCID: PMC9824986 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution and several prenatal factors, such as socio-demographic, behavioural, physical activity and clinical factors influence adverse birth outcomes. The study aimed to investigate the impact of ambient air pollution exposure during pregnancy adjusting prenatal risk factors on adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women in MACE birth cohort. METHODS Data for the study was obtained from the Mother and Child in the Environment (MACE) birth cohort study in Durban, South Africa from 2013 to 2017. Land use regression models were used to determine household level prenatal exposure to PM2.5, SO2 and NOx. Six hundred and fifty-six births of pregnant females were selected from public sector antenatal clinics in low socio-economic neighbourhoods. We employed a Generalised Structural Equation Model with a complementary log-log-link specification. RESULTS After adjustment for potential prenatal factors, the results indicated that exposure to PM2.5 was found to have both significant direct and indirect effects on the risk of all adverse birth outcomes. Similarly, an increased level of maternal exposure to SO2 during pregnancy was associated with an increased probability of being small for gestational age. Moreover, preterm birth act a mediating role in the relationship of exposure to PM2.5, and SO2 with low birthweight and SGA. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and SO2 pollution adversely affected birth outcomes after controlling for other prenatal risk factors. This suggests that local government officials have a responsibility for better control of air pollution and health care providers need to advise pregnant females about the risks of air pollution during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aweke A. Mitku
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, College of Agriculture Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa ,grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa ,grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Statistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Temesgen Zewotir
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, College of Agriculture Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Delia North
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, College of Agriculture Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Prakash Jeena
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kareshma Asharam
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sheena Muttoo
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Hasheel Tularam
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Rajen N. Naidoo
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Mueller N, Westerby M, Nieuwenhuijsen M. Health impact assessments of shipping and port-sourced air pollution on a global scale: A scoping literature review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114460. [PMID: 36191619 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globalisation has led to international trade expand rapidly. Seaborne transport moves 80% of traded goods across the globe, producing around 3% of greenhouse gases and other hazardous pollutants, such as PM, NOx and SOx, known to be harmful to health. METHODS A scoping literature review was conducted reviewing peer-reviewed studies on health impact assessments (HIA) of global shipping and port-sourced air pollution. For review inclusion, studies had to (1) use a HIA methodology; (2) quantify the air pollution concentration attributable to at least one shipping or port activity scenario; (3) assess at least one health outcome (i.e. epidemiological measure or monetization); (4) quantify the attributable health burden of the respective scenario. RESULTS Thirty-two studies were included, studying predominantly European Sea shipping/ port-sourced emissions with health impacts for global or respective European populations. Also, Global, Asian, North American and Australian Sea shipping/ port-sourced emissions were studied, with attributable health impacts for global or respective populations. The health outcome predominantly studied was mortality (all-cause, cause-specific, loss in life expectancy, years of life lost (YLLs)), but also morbidity (disease cases, hospital admissions, years lived with disability (YLDs)), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), restricted activity days and work loss days. The highest air pollution concentrations were identified along major shipping routes and ports, and the strongest health impacts occurred among respective riparian populations. Globally, ∼265,000 premature deaths were projected for 2020 (∼0.5% of global mortality) attributable to global shipping-sourced emissions. Emission control scenarios studied were predominantly sulphur fuel content caps and NOx emission reduction scenarios, consisting of technological interventions, cleaner fuels or fuel switches, and were assessed as effective in reducing shipping-sourced emissions, and hence, health burdens. CONCLUSIONS Our review positions maritime transport an important source of air pollution and health risk factor, which needs more research and policy attention and rigorous emission control efforts, as shipping-sourced emissions are projected to increase with increases in global trade and shipping volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Mueller
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Rodríguez-Arias RM, Rojo J, Fernández-González F, Pérez-Badia R. Desert dust intrusions and their incidence on airborne biological content. Review and case study in the Iberian Peninsula. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120464. [PMID: 36273688 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Desert dust intrusions cause the transport of airborne particulate matter from natural sources, with important consequences for climate regulation, biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and dynamics, human health, and socio-economic activities. Some effects of desert intrusions are reinforced or aggravated by the bioaerosol content of the air during these episodes. The influence of desert intrusions on airborne bioaerosol content has been very little studied from a scientific point of view. In this study, a systematic review of scientific literature during 1970-2021 was carried out following the standard protocol Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). After this literature review, only 6% of the articles on airborne transport from desert areas published in the last 50 years are in some way associated with airborne pollen, and of these, only a small proportion focus on the study of pollen-related parameters. The Iberian Peninsula is affected by Saharan intrusions due to its proximity to the African continent and is seeing an increasing trend the number of intrusion events. There is a close relationship among the conditions favouring the occurrence of intrusion episodes, the transport of particulate matter, and the transport of bioaerosols such as pollen grains, spores, or bacteria. The lack of linearity in this relationship and the different seasonal patterns in the occurrence of intrusion events and the pollen season of most plants hinders the study of the correspondence between both phenomena. It is therefore important to analyse the proportion of pollen that comes from regional sources and the proportion that travels over long distances, and the atmospheric conditions that cause greater pollen emission during dust episodes. Current advances in aerobiological techniques make it possible to identify bioaerosols such as pollen and spores that serve as indicators of long-distance transport from remote areas belonging to other bioclimatic and biogeographical units. A greater incidence of desert intrusion episodes may pose a challenge for both traditional systems and for the calibration and correct validation of automatic aerobiological monitoring methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Rodríguez-Arias
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Institute of Environmental Sciences (Botany), Toledo, Spain
| | - J Rojo
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Fernández-González
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Institute of Environmental Sciences (Botany), Toledo, Spain
| | - R Pérez-Badia
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Institute of Environmental Sciences (Botany), Toledo, Spain.
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Zhao Q, Huang J, Yu J, Du X, Li C. Research on the Coordinated Development of Population-Resources-Environment (PRE) Systems: An Empirical Analysis from Jiangsu Province, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:252. [PMID: 36612574 PMCID: PMC9819614 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As the population size and urbanization increase, the relationships within the population-resource-environment (PRE) systems are becoming tenser. Determining how to achieve the harmonious development of PRE systems is currently an important issue faced by society. This paper uses Jiangsu province in China as an example of constructing a coordinated development evaluation index system for PRE systems. Using the coefficient of the variation coordination method, we examined the comprehensive evaluation scores of PRE systems in Jiangsu province from 2000 to 2020 to explore its intersystem coordinated development evolution status and analyze its constraints. The results show that: (1) the overall evaluation scores of PRE systems in Jiangsu are on the rise; (2) the overall coordinated development degree of Jiangsu has undergone obvious changes in stage and is currently in the stage of coordinated development; (3) there are obvious spatial differences in the overall coordinated development degree of Jiangsu, and the overall trend is gradually changing from "low in the south and high in the north" to "high in the south and low in the north"; and (4) the population urbanization rate, environmental management effectiveness, and regional development imbalance, restrict the coordinated development of PRE systems in Jiangsu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- Department of Sociology, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Jianyuan Huang
- Population Research Institute, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Jiahao Yu
- Department of Sociology, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Xiao Du
- Population Research Institute, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Sociology, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
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McEachan RRC, Rashid R, Santorelli G, Tate J, Thorpe J, McQuaid JB, Wright J, Pickett KE, Pringle K, Bojke L, Jones S, Islam S, Walker S, Yang TC, Bryant M. Study Protocol. Evaluating the life-course health impact of a city-wide system approach to improve air quality in Bradford, UK: A quasi-experimental study with implementation and process evaluation. Environ Health 2022; 21:122. [PMID: 36464683 PMCID: PMC9720926 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air quality is a major public health threat linked to poor birth outcomes, respiratory and cardiovascular disease, and premature mortality. Deprived groups and children are disproportionately affected. Bradford will implement a Clean Air Zone (CAZ) as part of the Bradford Clean Air Plan (B-CAP) in 2022 to reduce pollution, providing a natural experiment. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the impact of the B-CAP on health outcomes and air quality, inequalities and explore value for money. An embedded process and implementation evaluation will also explore barriers and facilitators to implementation, impact on attitudes and behaviours, and any adverse consequences. METHODS The study is split into 4 work packages (WP). WP1A: 20 interviews with decision makers, 20 interviews with key stakeholders; 10 public focus groups and documentary analysis of key reports will assess implementation barriers, acceptability and adverse or unanticipated consequences at 1 year post-implementation (defined as point at which charging CAZ goes 'live'). WP1B: A population survey (n = 2000) will assess travel behaviour and attitudes at baseline and change at 1 year post-implementation). WP2: Routine air quality measurements will be supplemented with data from mobile pollution sensors in 12 schools collected by N = 240 pupil citizen scientists (4 within, 4 bordering and 4 distal to CAZ boundary). Pupils will carry sensors over four monitoring periods over a 12 month period (two pre, and two post-implementation). We will explore whether reductions in pollution vary by CAZ proximity. WP3A: We will conduct a quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis using a longitudinal routine health dataset of > 530,000 Bradford residents comparing trends (3 years prior vs 3 years post) in respiratory health (assessed via emergency/GP attendances. WP3B: We will use the richly-characterised Born in Bradford cohort (13,500 children) to explore health inequalities in respiratory health using detailed socio-economic data. WP4: will entail a multi-sectoral health economic evaluation to determine value for money of the B-CAP. DISCUSSION This will be first comprehensive quasi-experimental evaluation of a city-wide policy intervention to improve air quality. The findings will be of value for other areas implementing this type of approach. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN67530835 https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN67530835.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary R C McEachan
- Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, England.
| | - Rukhsana Rashid
- Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, England
| | - Gillian Santorelli
- Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, England
| | - James Tate
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, England
| | - Jamie Thorpe
- St Stephen's Church of England Primary School, Bradford, BD5 7HU, England
| | - James B McQuaid
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, England
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, England
| | - Kate E Pickett
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Kirsty Pringle
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, England
| | - Laura Bojke
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sally Jones
- Bradford District Metropolitan Council, Bradford, BD1 1HX, England
| | - Shahid Islam
- Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, England
| | - Simon Walker
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Tiffany C Yang
- Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, England
| | - Maria Bryant
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Torres Toda M, Avraam D, James Cadman T, Fossati S, de Castro M, Dedele A, Donovan G, Elhakeem A, Estarlich M, Fernandes A, Gonçalves R, Grazuleviciene R, Harris JR, Harskamp-van Ginkel MW, Heude B, Ibarluzea J, Iñiguez C, Wv Jaddoe V, Lawlor D, Lertxundi A, Lepeule J, McEachan R, Moirano G, Lt Nader J, Nybo Andersen AM, Pedersen M, Pizzi C, Roumeliotaki T, Santos S, Sunyer J, Yang T, Vafeiadi M, Gm Vrijkotte T, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Vrijheid M, Foraster M, Dadvand P. Exposure to natural environments during pregnancy and birth outcomes in 11 European birth cohorts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107648. [PMID: 36436464 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that maternal exposure to natural environments (i.e., green and blue spaces) promotes healthy fetal growth. However, the available evidence is heterogeneous across regions, with very few studies on the effects of blue spaces. This study evaluated associations between maternal exposure to natural environments and birth outcomes in 11 birth cohorts across nine European countries. This study, part of the LifeCycle project, was based on a total sample size of 69,683 newborns with harmonised data. For each participant, we calculated seven indicators of residential exposure to natural environments: surrounding greenspace in 100m, 300m, and 500m using Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) buffers, distance to the nearest green space, accessibility to green space, distance to the nearest blue space, and accessibility to blue space. Measures of birth weight and small for gestational age (SGA) were extracted from hospital records. We used pooled linear and logistic regression models to estimate associations between exposure to the natural environment and birth outcomes, controlling for the relevant covariates. We evaluated the potential effect modification by socioeconomic status (SES) and region of Europe and the influence of ambient air pollution on the associations. In the pooled analyses, residential surrounding greenspace in 100m, 300m, and 500m buffer was associated with increased birth weight and lower odds for SGA. Higher residential distance to green space was associated with lower birth weight and higher odds for SGA. We observed close to null associations for accessibility to green space and exposure to blue space. We found stronger estimated magnitudes for those participants with lower educational levels, from more deprived areas, and living in the northern European region. Our associations did not change notably after adjustment for air pollution. These findings may support implementing policies to promote natural environments in our cities, starting in more deprived areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Torres Toda
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Demetris Avraam
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Timothy James Cadman
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Serena Fossati
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Audrius Dedele
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 53361 Akademija, Lithuania.
| | - Geoffrey Donovan
- Center for Public Health Research, Massey University-Wellington Campus, PO Box 756, Wellington 6140, New Zealand; USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station, 620 SW Main, Suite 502, Portland, OR 97205, USA.
| | - Ahmed Elhakeem
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK.
| | - Marisa Estarlich
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Nursing School, Universitat de València, C/Menendez y Pelayo, s/n, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Amanda Fernandes
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Romy Gonçalves
- The Generation R Study Group (NA-2915), Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 53361 Akademija, Lithuania.
| | - Jennifer R Harris
- Center for Fertility and Health, The Nowegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Margreet W Harskamp-van Ginkel
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France.
| | - Jesús Ibarluzea
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain; Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013, San Sebastian, Spain; Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018, San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50 46100, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Vincent Wv Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group (NA-2915), Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Deborah Lawlor
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK.
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, équipe d'épidémiologie environnementale appliquée à la reproduction et la santé respiratoire, F-38000 Grenoble, France; Inserm, Institut Albert Bonniot, équipe d'épidémiologie environnementale appliquée à la reproduction et la santé respiratoire, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
| | - Giovenale Moirano
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy.
| | - Johanna Lt Nader
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalisation, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Marie Pedersen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Costanza Pizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy.
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
| | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group (NA-2915), Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Portugal.
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Tiffany Yang
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
| | - Tanja Gm Vrijkotte
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Foraster
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Payam Dadvand
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Flanagan E, Malmqvist E, Gustafsson S, Oudin A. Estimated public health benefits of a low-emission zone in Malmö, Sweden. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114124. [PMID: 35998694 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Low-emission zones (LEZ) have been increasingly implemented in cities throughout Europe as a measure to reduce the adverse health effects and premature deaths associated with traffic-related air pollution. In the present study, a health impact analysis was conducted to estimate the effect of a hypothetical LEZ on mortality and morbidity in Malmö, Sweden. Baseline health statistics were gathered from health registers and applied to each resident according to individual-level data on age and/or sex. Concentration-response parameters were derived from current epidemiological literature, specifically meta-analyses. A Gaussian dispersion model (AERMOD) combined with a detailed emission database was used to calculate NO2 emissions from traffic, which could be applied on an individual-level using data on each person's residential coordinates. The adjusted exposure scenario replaced all vehicles on municipal roads having Euro 5 or lower emission standards with Euro 6 equivalents. This LEZ would, on average, decrease NO2 concentrations by 13.4%, preventing an estimated 9-26 deaths in Malmö each year. Additionally, 12 respiratory disease hospitalizations, 8 childhood asthma cases, and 9 cases of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were estimated to be avoided annually. These results suggest that LEZs can effectively improve air quality, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and safeguard public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Flanagan
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 22242, Lund, Skåne, Sweden.
| | - Ebba Malmqvist
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 22242, Lund, Skåne, Sweden.
| | - Susanna Gustafsson
- Environmental Department of the City of Malmö, 21154, Malmö, Skåne, Sweden.
| | - Anna Oudin
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 22242, Lund, Skåne, Sweden; Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden.
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Zhang X, Liu SH, Geron M, Mathilda Chiu YH, Gershon R, Ho E, Huddleston K, Just AC, Kloog I, Coull BA, Enlow MB, Wright RO, Wright RJ. Prenatal exposure to PM 2.5 and childhood cognition: Accounting for between-site heterogeneity in a pooled analysis of ECHO cohorts in the Northeastern United States. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114163. [PMID: 36030921 PMCID: PMC9675417 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging studies have investigated the adverse health effects of PM2.5 using data from multiple cohorts, and results often are not generalizable across cohorts. We aimed to assess associations between prenatal PM2.5 and childhood cognition in two U.S. cohorts while accounting for between-site heterogeneity. METHODS Analyses included 348 mother-child dyads enrolled in the dual site (New York City and Boston) PRogramming of Intergenerational Stress Mechanisms (PRISM) cohort and in the First Thousand Days of Life (FTDL) study (Northern Virginia) participating in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) national consortium. Residential prenatal PM2.5 exposure was estimated using a validated satellite-based model and childhood cognition was measured using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery at three to eight years of age. We used a log-linear model applied to contingency tables formed by cross-classifying covariates by site to examine between-site heterogeneity using 3rd trimester PM2.5 exposure, age-corrected cognition scores, and covariates potentially causing heterogeneities. Multivariable linear regression models informed by the combinability analysis were used to estimate the coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between 3rd trimester PM2.5 exposure and age-corrected cognition scores (mean = 100, SD = 15). RESULTS The log-linear model indicated that inter-study associations were similar between PRISM-NYC and FTDL, which were different from those in PRISM-Boston. Accordingly, we combined the data of PRISM-NYC and FTDL cohorts. We observed associations between 3rd trimester PM2.5 and cognition scores, findings were varying by site, childsex, and test. For example, a 1 μg/m3 increase of 3rd trimester PM2.5 was associated with -4.35 (95% CI = -8.73, -0.25) mean early childhood cognition scores in females in PRISM-Boston. In the pooled NYC + FTDL site, the association between PM2.5 and childhood cognition may be modified by maternal education and urbanicity. CONCLUSIONS We found associations between prenatal PM2.5 and impaired childhood cognition. Since multi-site analyses are increasingly conducted, our findings suggest the needed awareness of between-site heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhang
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Shelley H Liu
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariel Geron
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute of Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Gershon
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emily Ho
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathi Huddleston
- College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Allan C Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute of Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute of Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle Bosquet Enlow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute of Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute of Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Dogra SA, Lightfoot K, Kerr R, Hall J, Joseph O, Siddig N, Nutting H, Shire KA, Roberts H, Small N, McEachan RR, Wright J. Born in Bradford Age of Wonder cohort: A protocol for qualitative longitudinal research. Wellcome Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18096.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Born in Bradford (BiB) has followed the lives of 13,776 children born in the district between 2007 and 2011. Children in the birth cohort are now entering adolescence, and the next phase of the research - Age of Wonder (AoW) - will be a whole city cohort capturing the experiences of 30,000 adolescents progressing into young adulthood. This protocol focuses on one component of the AoW programme: qualitative longitudinal research (QLR). The study will gather in depth and detailed accounts from a sub-sample of 100 young people across four major research priorities: personal life; social and community life; growing up with difference, and growing up in Bradford. As well as using traditional qualitative methods such as interviews, focus group discussions, and ethnography, we are adopting innovative creative methods including expressions through art, activism, online and digital content, portraits, and critical events. The process of engaging in and co-producing QLR potentially provides a route to empowering young people to shape the narrative of their own lives as well as informing intervention development.
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O’Sharkey K, Xu Y, Chavez T, Johnson M, Cabison J, Rosales M, Grubbs B, Toledo-Corral CM, Farzan SF, Bastain T, Breton CV, Habre R. In-utero personal exposure to PM 2.5 impacted by indoor and outdoor sources and birthweight in the MADRES cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANCES 2022; 9:100257. [PMID: 36778968 PMCID: PMC9912940 DOI: 10.1016/j.envadv.2022.100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In-utero exposure to outdoor particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is linked with low birthweight. However, previous results are mixed, likely due to measurement error introduced by estimating personal exposure from ambient data. This study investigated the effect of total personal PM2.5 exposure on birthweight and whether it differed when it was more heavily impacted by sources of indoor vs outdoor origin in the MADRES cohort study. METHODS Personal PM2.5 exposure was measured in 205 pregnant women in the 3rd trimester using 48 h integrated, filter-based sampling. Linear regression was used to test the association between personal PM2.5 exposure and birthweight, adjusting for key covariates. Interactions of PM2.5 with variables representing indoor sources of PM2.5, home ventilation, or time spent indoors tested whether the effect of total PM2.5 on birthweight varied when it was more impacted by sources of indoor vs outdoor origin. RESULTS In a sample of largely Hispanic (81%) pregnant women, total personal PM2.5 was not significantly associated with birthweight (β = 38.6 per 1SD increase in PM2.5; 95% CI:-21.1, 98.2). This association however, differed by home type (single family home: 156.9 (26.9, 287.0), 2-4 attached units:-16.6 (-111.9, 78.7), 5+ units:-62.6 (-184.9, 59.6), missing: 145.4 (-4.1, 294.9), interaction p = 0.028) and by household air conditioner use (none of the time: -27.6 (-101.5, 46.3) vs. some of the time: 139.9 (42.9, 237.0), interaction p = 0.008) Additionally, the effect of personal PM2.5 on birthweight varied by time spent indoors (none or little of the time: - 45.1 (-208.3, 118.1) vs. most or all of the time: 57.1 (-7.3, 121.6), interaction p = 0.255). CONCLUSIONS While no significant association between total personal PM2.5 exposure and birthweight was found, there was evidence that multi-unit housing (vs. single-family homes), candle and/or incense smoke, and greater outdoor source contributions to personal PM2.5 were more strongly associated with lower birthweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl O’Sharkey
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Yan Xu
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Thomas Chavez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Mark Johnson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Jane Cabison
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Marisela Rosales
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Brendan Grubbs
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Claudia M. Toledo-Corral
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, United States
| | - Shohreh F. Farzan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Theresa Bastain
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Carrie V. Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Rima Habre
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St Rm 102M, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Bongaerts E, Lecante LL, Bové H, Roeffaers MBJ, Ameloot M, Fowler PA, Nawrot TS. Maternal exposure to ambient black carbon particles and their presence in maternal and fetal circulation and organs: an analysis of two independent population-based observational studies. Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6:e804-e811. [PMID: 36208643 PMCID: PMC9553674 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal exposure to particulate air pollution during pregnancy has been linked to multiple adverse birth outcomes causing burden of disease later in the child's life. To date, there is a paucity of data on whether or not ambient particles can both reach and cross the human placenta to exert direct effects on fetal organ systems during gestation. METHODS In this analysis, we used maternal-perinatal and fetal samples collected within the framework of two independent studies: the ENVIRONAGE (Environmental Influences on Ageing in Early Life) birth cohort of mothers giving birth at the East-Limburg Hospital in Genk, Belgium, and the SAFeR (Scottish Advanced Fetal Research) cohort of terminated, normally progressing pregnancies among women aged 16 years and older in Aberdeen and the Grampian region, UK. From the ENVIRONAGE study, we included 60 randomly selected mother-neonate pairs, excluding all mothers who reported that they ever smoked. From the SAFeR study, we included 36 fetuses of gestational age 7-20 weeks with cotinine concentrations indicative of non-smoking status. We used white light generation under femtosecond pulsed illumination to detect black carbon particles in samples collected at the maternal-fetal interface. We did appropriate validation experiments of all samples to confirm the carbonaceous nature of the identified particles. FINDINGS We found evidence of the presence of black carbon particles in cord blood, confirming the ability of these particles to cross the placenta and enter the fetal circulation system. We also found a strong correlation (r ≥0·50; p<0·0001) between the maternal-perinatal particle load (in maternal blood [n=60], term placenta [n=60], and cord blood [n=60]) and residential ambient black carbon exposure during pregnancy. Additionally, we found the presence of black carbon particles in first and second trimester tissues (fetal liver [n=36], lung [n=36], and brain [n=14]) of electively terminated and normally progressing pregnancies from an independent study. INTERPRETATION We found that maternally inhaled carbonaceous air pollution particles can cross the placenta and then translocate into human fetal organs during gestation. These findings are especially concerning because this window of exposure is key to organ development. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of particle translocation. FUNDING European Research Council, Flemish Scientific Research Foundation, Kom op Tegen Kanker, UK Medical Research Council, and EU Horizon 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bongaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Hannelore Bové
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Paul A Fowler
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Ward F, Lowther-Payne HJ, Halliday EC, Dooley K, Joseph N, Livesey R, Moran P, Kirby S, Cloke J. Engaging communities in addressing air quality: a scoping review. Environ Health 2022; 21:89. [PMID: 36117163 PMCID: PMC9484248 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00896-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollution has a detrimental effect on health and disproportionately affects people living in socio-economically disadvantaged areas. Engaging with communities to identify concerns and solutions could support organisations responsible for air quality control, improve environmental decision-making, and widen understanding of air quality issues associated with health. This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of approaches used to engage communities in addressing air quality and identify the outcomes that have been achieved. METHODS Searches for studies that described community engagement in air quality activities were conducted across five databases (Academic Search Complete, CABI, GreenFILE, MEDLINE, Web of Science). Data on study characteristics, community engagement approach, and relevant outcomes were extracted. The review process was informed by a multi-stakeholder group with an interest in and experience of community engagement in air quality. Thirty-nine papers from thirty studies were included in the final synthesis. CONCLUSION A range of approaches have been used to engage communities in addressing air quality, most notably air quality monitoring. Positive outcomes included increased awareness, capacity building, and changes to organisational policy and practice. Longer-term projects and further exploration of the impact of community engagement on improving air quality and health are needed as reporting on these outcomes was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Ward
- Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Hayley J Lowther-Payne
- Applied Health Research Hub (AHRh), University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston, UK
| | - Emma C Halliday
- Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
| | | | - Neil Joseph
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast (NIHR ARC NWC), Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Paul Moran
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast (NIHR ARC NWC), Liverpool, UK
| | - Simon Kirby
- Blackburn-With-Darwen Borough Council, Blackburn, UK
| | - Jane Cloke
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast (NIHR ARC NWC), Liverpool, UK
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Cosemans C, Wang C, Alfano R, Martens DS, Sleurs H, Dockx Y, Vanbrabant K, Janssen BG, Vanpoucke C, Lefebvre W, Smeets K, Nawrot TS, Plusquin M. In utero particulate matter exposure in association with newborn mitochondrial ND4L 10550A>G heteroplasmy and its role in overweight during early childhood. Environ Health 2022; 21:88. [PMID: 36117180 PMCID: PMC9484069 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play an important role in the energy metabolism and are susceptible to environmental pollution. Prenatal air pollution exposure has been linked with childhood obesity. Placental mtDNA mutations have been associated with prenatal particulate matter exposure and MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy has been associated with BMI in adults. Therefore, we hypothesized that in utero PM2.5 exposure is associated with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy and early life growth. In addition, the role of cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy in overweight during early childhood is investigated. METHODS This study included 386 mother-newborn pairs. Outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were determined at the maternal residential address. Cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy was determined using Droplet Digital PCR. Associations were explored using logistic regression models and distributed lag linear models. Mediation analysis was performed to quantify the effects of prenatal PM2.5 exposure on childhood overweight mediated by cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy. RESULTS Prenatal PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with childhood overweight during the whole pregnancy (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.20 to 4.51; p = 0.01), which was mainly driven by the second trimester. In addition, prenatal PM2.5 exposure was associated with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy from gestational week 9 - 13. The largest effect was observed in week 10, where a 5 µg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was linked with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87 to 0.99). Cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy was also linked with childhood overweight (OR = 3.04; 95% CI: 1.15 to 7.50; p = 0.02). The effect of prenatal PM2.5 exposure on childhood overweight was mainly direct (total effect OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.36; natural direct effect OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.36)) and was not mediated by cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy. CONCLUSIONS Cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy was linked with childhood overweight. In addition, in utero exposure to PM2.5 during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy in newborns. Our analysis did not reveal any mediation of cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy in the association between PM2.5 exposure and childhood overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cosemans
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Rossella Alfano
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanne Sleurs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Yinthe Dockx
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kenneth Vanbrabant
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bram G Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Wouter Lefebvre
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research, VITO, Mol, Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- School of Public Health, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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48
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Sunyer J, Rivas I. Air pollution and health, 20 years later. MEDICINA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2022; 159:S2387-0206(22)00433-8. [PMID: 36068818 PMCID: PMC9437775 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcle.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Sunyer
- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ioar Rivas
- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
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Mozzoni P, Iodice S, Persico N, Ferrari L, Pinelli S, Corradi M, Rossi S, Miragoli M, Bergamaschi E, Bollati V. Maternal air pollution exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy and markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113216. [PMID: 35364045 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal exposure to air pollutants has been associated with pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. Endothelial dysfunction, an imbalance in vascular function, during pregnancy is considered a key element in the development of pre-eclampsia. Environmental exposure to particulate matter (PM) during the first trimester of pregnancy might increase maternal inflammatory status thus affecting fetal growth, possibly leading to preterm delivery. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to evaluate possible effects of PM10 and PM2.5 exposure on fetal growth in healthy pregnant women at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy by investigating the relationship between circulating biomarkers of inflammation (IL-6), early systemic prothrombotic effects (CRP, plasma fibrinogen, PAI-1) and endothelial dysfunction (sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1). METHODS 295 pregnant women were recruited. Individual PM exposure was assigned to each subject by calculating the mean of PM10 and PM2.5 daily values observed during the 30, 60, and 90 days preceding enrolment (long-term) and single lag days back to fourteen days (short-term), and circulating plasma biomarkers were determined. RESULTS For long-term exposure, we observed an increase in sVCAM-1 and a decrease of PAI-1 levels for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 concentration. Decreases in IL-6 and CRP levels were associated with each 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 increase. For short-term exposure, the levels of sVCAM-1 and PAI-1 were found to be associated with PM10 exposure, whereas fibrinogen levels were associated with PM2.5 exposure. Maternal plasmatic fibrinogen levels were negatively associated with the crown-rump length (p-value = 0.008). DISCUSSION The present study showed that both long- and short-term exposures to PM are associated with changes in circulating levels of biomarkers in pregnant women reflecting systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction/activation. Our findings support the hypothesis that inflammation and endothelial dysfunction might have a central role in modulating the detrimental effects of air pollution exposure during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mozzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Simona Iodice
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Persico
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 'L. Mangiagalli', Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Ferrari
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Pinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Massimo Corradi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Rossi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Miragoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy; Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Spatio-temporal analysis of air quality and its relationship with COVID-19 lockdown over Dublin. REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS: SOCIETY AND ENVIRONMENT 2022; 28:100835. [PMID: 36196454 PMCID: PMC9523949 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsase.2022.100835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution has become one of the biggest challenges for human and environmental health. Major pollutants such as Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Ozone (O3), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) are being ejected in a large quantity every day. Initially, authorities did not implement the strictest mitigation policies due to pressures of balancing the economic needs of people and public safety. Still, after realizing the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries around the world imposed a complete lockdown to contain the outbreak, which had the unexpected benefit of causing a drastic improvement in air quality. The present study investigates the air pollution scenarios over the Dublin city through satellites (Sentinel-5P and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and ground-based observations. An average of 28% reduction in average NO2 level and a 27.7% improvement in AQI (Air Quality Index) was experienced in 2020 compared to 2019 during the lockdown period (27 March–05 June). We found that PM10 and PM2.5 are the most dominating factor in the AQI over Dublin.
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