1
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Sadek M, Stover KR, Liu X, Reed MA, Weaver DF, Reid AY. IDO-1 inhibition improves outcome after fluid percussion injury in adult male rats. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25338. [PMID: 38706427 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway (KP) which produces both neuroprotective and neurotoxic metabolites. Neuroinflammatory signals produced as a result of pathological conditions can increase production of IDO1 and boost its enzymatic capacity. IDO1 and the KP have been implicated in behavioral recovery after human traumatic brain injury (TBI), but their roles in experimental models of TBI are for the most part unknown. We hypothesized there is an increase in KP activity in the fluid percussion injury (FPI) model of TBI, and that administration of an IDO1 inhibitor will improve neurological recovery. In this study, adult male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to FPI or sham injury and received twice-daily oral administration of the IDO1 inhibitor PF-06840003 (100 mg/kg) or vehicle control. FPI resulted in a significant increase in KP activity, as demonstrated by an increased ratio of kynurenine: tryptophan, in the perilesional neocortex and ipsilateral hippocampus 3 days postinjury (DPI), which normalized by 7 DPI. The increase in KP activity was prevented by PF-06840003. IDO1 inhibition also improved memory performance as assessed in the Barnes maze and anxiety behaviors as assessed in open field testing in the first 28 DPI. These results suggest increased KP activity after FPI may mediate neurological dysfunction, and IDO1 inhibition should be further investigated as a potential therapeutic target to improve recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marawan Sadek
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kurt R Stover
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A Reed
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donald F Weaver
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aylin Y Reid
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Zhang J, Yu J, Liu M, Xie Z, Lei X, Yang X, Huang S, Deng X, Wang Z, Tang G. Small-molecule modulators of tumor immune microenvironment. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107251. [PMID: 38442612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, tumor immunotherapy, aimed at increasing the activity of immune cells and reducing immunosuppressive effects, has attracted wide attention. Among them, immune checkpoint blocking (ICB) is the most commonly explored therapeutic approach. All approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are clinically effective monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Compared with biological agents, small-molecule drugs have many unique advantages in tumor immunotherapy. Therefore, they also play an important role. Immunosuppressive signals such as PD-L1, IDO1, and TGF-β, etc. overexpressed in tumor cells form the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. In addition, the efficacy of multi-pathway combined immunotherapy has also been reported and verified. Here, we mainly reviewed the mechanism of tumor immunotherapy, analyzed the research status of small-molecule modulators, and discussed drug candidates' structure-activity relationship (SAR). It provides more opportunities for further research to design more immune small-molecule modulators with novel structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Meijing Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhizhong Xie
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Xiangping Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Guotao Tang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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3
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Hanif N, Sari S. Discovery of novel IDO1/TDO2 dual inhibitors: a consensus Virtual screening approach with molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38498355 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2329302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of effective cancer immunotherapy drugs remains challenging, with overexpression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2) allowing cancer cells to evade immune attacks. While several IDO1 inhibitors have undergone clinical testing, only three dual IDO1/TDO2 inhibitors have reached human trials. Hence, this study focuses on identifying novel IDO1/TDO2 dual inhibitors through consensus structure-based virtual screening (SBVS). ZINC15 natural products library was refined based on molecular descriptors, and the selected compounds were docked to the holo form IDO1 and TDO2 using two different software programs and ranked according to their consensus docking scores. The top-scoring compounds underwent in silico evaluations for pharmacokinetics, toxicity, CYP3A4 affinity, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and MM-GBSA binding free energy calculations. Five compounds (ZINC00000079405/10, ZINC00004028612/11, ZINC00013380497/12, ZINC00014613023/13, and ZINC00103579819/14) were identified as potential IDO1/TDO2 dual inhibitors due to their high consensus docking scores, key residue interactions with the enzymes, favorable pharmacokinetics, and avoidance of CYP3A4 binding. MD simulations of the top three hits with IDO1 indicated conformational changes and compactness, while MM-GBSA analysis revealed strong binding free energy for compounds 10 (ΔG: -20.13 kcal/mol) and 11 (ΔG: -16.22 kcal/mol). These virtual hits signify a promising initial step in identifying candidates as supplementary therapeutics to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment. Their potential to deliver potent dual inhibition of IDO1/TDO2, along with safety and favorable pharmacokinetics, makes them compelling. Validation through in vitro and in vivo assays should be conducted to confirm their activity, selectivity, and preclinical potential as holo IDO1/TDO2 dual inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naufa Hanif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Suat Sari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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4
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Cui Y, Zhang J, Zhang G. The Potential Strategies for Overcoming Multidrug Resistance and Reducing Side Effects of Monomer Tubulin Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1874-1895. [PMID: 37349994 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230622142505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubulin is an essential target in tumor therapy, and this is attributed to its ability to target MT dynamics and interfere with critical cellular functions, including mitosis, cell signaling, and intracellular trafficking. Several tubulin inhibitors have been approved for clinical application. However, the shortcomings, such as drug resistance and toxic side effects, limit its clinical application. Compared with single-target drugs, multi-target drugs can effectively improve efficacy to reduce side effects and overcome the development of drug resistance. Tubulin protein degraders do not require high concentrations and can be recycled. After degradation, the protein needs to be resynthesized to regain function, which significantly delays the development of drug resistance. METHODS Using SciFinder® as a tool, the publications about tubulin-based dual-target inhibitors and tubulin degraders were surveyed with an exclusion of those published as patents. RESULTS This study presents the research progress of tubulin-based dual-target inhibitors and tubulin degraders as antitumor agents to provide a reference for developing and applying more efficient drugs for cancer therapy. CONCLUSION The multi-target inhibitors and protein degraders have shown a development prospect to overcome multidrug resistance and reduce side effects in the treatment of tumors. Currently, the design of dual-target inhibitors for tubulin needs to be further optimized, and it is worth further clarifying the detailed mechanism of protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Guifang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
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5
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Lin X, Zhou W, Liu Z, Cao W, Lin C. Targeting cellular metabolism in head and neck cancer precision medicine era: A promising strategy to overcome therapy resistance. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3101-3120. [PMID: 36263514 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the most prevalent cancer worldwide, with the most severe impact on quality of life of patients. Despite the development of multimodal therapeutic approaches, the clinical outcomes of HNSCC are still unsatisfactory, mainly caused by relatively low responsiveness to treatment and severe drug resistance. Metabolic reprogramming is currently considered to play a pivotal role in anticancer therapeutic resistance. This review aimed to define the specific metabolic programs and adaptations in HNSCC therapy resistance. An extensive literature review of HNSCC was conducted via the PubMed including metabolic reprogramming, chemo- or immune-therapy resistance. Glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism are closely related to the malignant biological characteristics of cancer, anti-tumor drug resistance, and adverse clinical results. For HNSCC, pyruvate, lactate and almost all lipid categories are related to the occurrence and maintenance of drug resistance, and targeting amino acid metabolism can prevent tumor development and enhance the response of drug-resistant tumors to anticancer therapy. This review will provide a better understanding of the altered metabolism in therapy resistance of HNSCC and promote the development of new therapeutic strategies against HNSCC, thereby contribute to a more efficacious precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Lin
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenkai Zhou
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheqi Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengzhong Lin
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- The 2nd Dental Center, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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6
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León-Letelier RA, Dou R, Vykoukal J, Sater AHA, Ostrin E, Hanash S, Fahrmann JF. The kynurenine pathway presents multi-faceted metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1256769. [PMID: 37876966 PMCID: PMC10591110 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1256769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway (KP) and associated catabolites play key roles in promoting tumor progression and modulating the host anti-tumor immune response. To date, considerable focus has been on the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and its catabolite, kynurenine (Kyn). However, increasing evidence has demonstrated that downstream KP enzymes and their associated metabolite products can also elicit tumor-microenvironment immune suppression. These advancements in our understanding of the tumor promotive role of the KP have led to the conception of novel therapeutic strategies to target the KP pathway for anti-cancer effects and reversal of immune escape. This review aims to 1) highlight the known biological functions of key enzymes in the KP, and 2) provide a comprehensive overview of existing and emerging therapies aimed at targeting discrete enzymes in the KP for anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A. León-Letelier
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rongzhang Dou
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jody Vykoukal
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ali Hussein Abdel Sater
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Edwin Ostrin
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Samir Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Johannes F. Fahrmann
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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7
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Sun H, Yang Q, Yu X, Huang M, Ding M, Li W, Tang Y, Liu G. Prediction of IDO1 Inhibitors by a Fingerprint-Based Stacking Ensemble Model Named IDO1Stack. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300151. [PMID: 37340939 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is viewed as an extremely promising target for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we proposed a two-layer stacking ensemble model, IDO1Stack, that can efficiently predict IDO1 inhibitors. First, we constructed a series of classification models based on five machine learning algorithms and eight molecular characterization methods. Then, a stacking ensemble model was built using the top five models as the base classifier and logistic regression as the meta-classifier. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of IDO1Stack on the test set and external validation set were 0.952 and 0.918, respectively. Furthermore, we computed the applicability domain and privileged substructures of the model and interpreted the model using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). It is expected that IDO1Stack can well study the interaction between target and ligand, providing practitioners with a reliable tool for rapid screening and discovery of IDO1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Sun
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xinxin Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Mengting Huang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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8
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Teske KA, Su W, Corona CR, Wen J, Deng J, Ping Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Wilkinson J, Beck MT, Nealey KR, Vasta JD, Cong M, Meisenheimer PL, Kuai L, Robers MB. DELs enable the development of BRET probes for target engagement studies in cells. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:987-998.e24. [PMID: 37490918 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
DNA-encoded libraries (DELs) provide unmatched chemical diversity and starting points for novel drug modalities. Here, we describe a workflow that exploits the bifunctional attributes of DEL ligands as a platform to generate BRET probes for live cell target engagement studies. To establish proof of concept, we performed a DEL screen using aurora kinase A and successfully converted aurora DEL ligands as cell-active BRET probes. Aurora BRET probes enabled the validation and stratification of the chemical series identified from primary selection data. Furthermore, we have evaluated the effective repurposing of pre-existing DEL screen data to find suitable leads for BRET probe development. Our findings support the use of DEL workflows as an engine to create cell-active BRET probes independent of structure or compound SAR. The combination of DEL and BRET technology accelerates hit-to-lead studies in a live cell setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Teske
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | - Wenji Su
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Cesear R Corona
- Promega Biosciences Incorporated, 277 Granada Drive, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401, USA
| | - Jing Wen
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Jason Deng
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Yan Ping
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Zaihong Zhang
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | | | - Michael T Beck
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | - Kendra R Nealey
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | - James D Vasta
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | - Mei Cong
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | | | - Letian Kuai
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China.
| | - Matthew B Robers
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA.
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9
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Xiao M, Zhong K, Guo L, Li W, Wang X, Qiu Z, Hang T. Preclinical PK investigation of a novel IDO1/TDO dual inhibitor-SHR9146 in mouse plasma and tissues by LC-MS/MS. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1191778. [PMID: 37564938 PMCID: PMC10410440 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1191778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the present study was to establish a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of SHR9146, a novel IDO1/TDO dual inhibitor, in mouse plasma and tissues, and to apply it to investigate the preclinical plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of SHR9146 in mice. Methods Samples were spiked with deuterated SHR9146-d4 as an internal standard and pretreated by protein-precipitation extraction with methanol. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Venusil ABS C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) by isocratic elution with 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer containing 0.1% formic acid solution and methanol as mobile phases. MS detection was conducted in positive electrospray ionization with multiple reaction monitoring at m/z 444.1/229.4 for SHR9146 and m/z 448.4/229.2 for the internal standard. Results The method showed good linearity in the calibration range from 0.05 to 50.0 μg/mL. Precisions (intra- and inter-run) were in the range from 0.5% to 5.1%, and accuracies (RE) were between -3.0% and 4.4% for all the concentration levels. SHR9146 was stable in all the tested bio-samples with recoveries >90%. Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by non-compartmental analysis. SHR9146 has a half-life of 0.713 h when IV-injected, with CL 12 mL/min/kg and Vd 0.666 L/kg. After oral dosing from 20 to 80 mg/kg, Cmax (range from 8.751 to 12.893 μg/mL) and AUC0-t (range from 15.606 to 69.971 μg·h/mL) of SHR9146 showed dose proportionality. Other post-oral pharmacokinetic parameters in plasma were as follows (n=6): Tmax 0.79 ± 0.36 h, t1/2 1.586 ± 0.853 h, CL 19.8 ± 0.9 mL/min/kg, Vd 3.427± 1.617 L/kg, and absolute bioavailability of 54.2% ± 12.6% (range from 40.2% to 64.7%). In addition, SHR9146 was found to be absorbed rapidly and distributed widely and mainly in the stomach, adrenal gland, liver, and lung. Conclusion The method was simple, sensitive, accurate, and specific and was successfully applied for the preclinical pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution study of SHR9146 in mice. The results showed that SHR9146 had dose-independent kinetics in mice via oral administration and was absorbed rapidly and distributed widely. The study provides a good basis for further drug development assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Research institute, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Kan Zhong
- Suzhou Haike Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Li Guo
- Research institute, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research institute, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Research institute, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Zhenjun Qiu
- Research institute, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Taijun Hang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Wang K, Song LH, Liang QL, Zhang Y, Ma XL, Wang Q, Zhang HY, Jiang CN, Wei JH, Huang RZ. Discovery of novel sulfonamide chromone-oxime derivatives as potent indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115349. [PMID: 37060754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
A series of chromone-oxime derivatives containing piperazine sulfonamide moieties were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against IDO1. These compounds displayed moderate to good inhibitory activity against IDO1 with IC50 values in low micromolar range. Among them, compound 10m bound effectively to IDO1 with good inhibitory activities (hIDO1 IC50 = 0.64 μM, HeLa IDO1 IC50 = 1.04 μM) and were selected for further investigation. Surface plasmon resonance analysis confirmed the direct interaction between compound 10m and IDO1 protein. Molecular docking study of the most active compound 10m revealed key interactions between 10m and IDO1 in which the chromone-oxime moiety coordinated to the heme iron and formed several hydrogen bonds with the porphyrin ring of heme and ALA264, consistent with the observation by UV-visible spectra that 10m induced a Soret peak shift from 403 to 421 nm. Moreover, compound 10m exhibited no cytotoxicity at its effective concentration in MTT assay. Consistently, in vivo assays results demonstrated that 10m displayed potent antitumor activity with low toxicity in CT26 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice, in comparison with 1-methyl-l-tryptophan (1-MT) and 4-amino-N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N'-hydroxy-1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carboximidamide (IDO5L). In brief, the results suggested that chromone-oxime derivatives containing sulfonamide moieties might serve as IDO1 inhibitors for the development of new antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Long-Hao Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Qiao-Ling Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Xian-Li Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Hui-Yong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Cai-Na Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China.
| | - Ri-Zhen Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China.
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11
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Markwalder JA, Balog AJ, Williams DK, Nara SJ, Reddy R, Roy S, Kanyaboina Y, Li X, Johnston K, Fan Y, Lewis H, Marsilio F, Yan C, Critton D, Newitt JA, Traeger SC, Wu DR, Jure-Kunkel MN, Jayaraman L, Lin TA, Sinz MW, Hunt JT, Seitz SP. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Biaryl Alkyl Ethers as Inhibitors of IDO1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 88:129280. [PMID: 37054759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Starting from the dialkylaniline indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor lead 3 (IDO1 HeLa IC50 = 7.0 nM), an iterative process of synthesis and screening led to cyclized analog 21 (IDO1 HeLa IC50 = 3.6 nM) which maintained the high potency of 3 while addressing issues of lipophilicity, cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibition, hERG (human potassium ion channel Kv11.1) inhibition, Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) transactivation, and oxidative metabolic stability. An x-ray crystal structure of a biaryl alkyl ether 11 bound to IDO1 was obtained. Consistent with our earlier results, compound 11 was shown to bind to the apo form of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay A Markwalder
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States.
| | - Aaron J Balog
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States
| | - David K Williams
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States.
| | - Susheel J Nara
- Discovery Chemistry, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Ratnakar Reddy
- Discovery Chemistry, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Saumya Roy
- Former Bristol Myers Squibb Employee, USA
| | - Yadagiri Kanyaboina
- Discovery Chemistry, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Xin Li
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States
| | | | - Yi Fan
- Former Bristol Myers Squibb Employee, USA
| | - Hal Lewis
- Former Bristol Myers Squibb Employee, USA
| | - Frank Marsilio
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States
| | - Chunhong Yan
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States
| | - David Critton
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States
| | - John A Newitt
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States
| | - Sarah C Traeger
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States
| | - Dauh-Rurng Wu
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States
| | | | | | - Tai-An Lin
- Former Bristol Myers Squibb Employee, USA
| | - Michael W Sinz
- Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States
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12
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Ye K, Wang K, Wang T, Tang H, Wang L, Zhang W, Jiang S, Zhang X, Zhang K. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation of urea substituted 1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carboximidamides as novel indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115217. [PMID: 36842272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) has been considered as an attractive target for oncology immunotherapy due to its immunosuppressive effects on the tumor microenvironment. The most advanced IDO1 inhibitor epacadostat in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody failed to show desirable objective response. Epacadostat is now reevaluated in phase III clinical trials, but its pharmacokinetic (PK) properties are unsatisfactory. To further unravel the antitumor efficacy of IDO1 inhibitors, we designed a series of epacadostat analogues by introducing various urea-containing side chains. In particular, the most active compound 3 showed superior inhibitory potency against recombinant hIDO1 and hIDO1 in HeLa cells induced by interferon γ (IFNγ) relative to epacadostat (3, biochemical hIDO1 IC50 = 67.4 nM, HeLa hIDO1 IC50 = 17.6 nM; epacadostat, biochemical hIDO1 IC50 = 75.9 nM, HeLa hIDO1 IC50 = 20.6 nM). Moreover, compound 3 exhibited improved physicochemical properties and rat PK profile with better oral exposure and bioavailability compared with epacadostat. Importantly, this compound exhibited comparable antitumor efficacy with epacadostat in LLC syngeneic xenograft models. Hence, compound 3 represents a promising lead compound for discovery of more effective IDO1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ye
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Kaizheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - He Tang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wanheng Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Kuojun Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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13
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Yan C, Li Q, Sun Q, Yang L, Liu X, Zhao Y, Shi M, Li X, Luo K. Promising Nanomedicines of Shikonin for Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:1195-1218. [PMID: 36926681 PMCID: PMC10013574 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s401570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumor, the leading cause of death worldwide, poses a serious threat to human health. For decades, natural product has been proven to be an essential source for novel anticancer drug discovery. Shikonin (SHK), a natural molecule separated from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, shows great potential in anticancer therapy. However, its further clinical application is significantly restricted by poor bioavailability, adverse effects, and non-selective toxicity. With the development of nanotechnology, nano drug delivery systems have emerged as promising strategies to improve bioavailability and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. To overcome the shortcoming of SHK, various nano drug delivery systems such as liposomes, polymeric micelles, nanoparticles, nanogels, and nanoemulsions, were developed to achieve efficient delivery for enhanced antitumor effects. Herein, this review summarizes the anticancer pharmacological activities and pharmacokinetics of SHK. Additionally, the latest progress of SHK nanomedicines in cancer therapy is outlined, focusing on long circulation, tumor targeting ability, tumor microenvironment responsive drug release, and nanosystem-mediated combination therapy. Finally, the challenges and prospects of SHK nanomedicines in the future clinical application are spotlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Yang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyi Shi
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaipei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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14
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Stover KR, Stafford PM, Damian AC, Pasangulapati JP, Goodwin-Tindall J, López Vásquez LM, Lee S, Yang SP, Reed MA, Barden CJ, Weaver DF. Development and Optimization of a Target Engagement Model of Brain IDO Inhibition for Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 20:705-714. [PMID: 38288825 DOI: 10.2174/0115672050283199240111111801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) inhibition is a promising target as an Alzheimer's disease (AD) Disease-modifying therapy capable of downregulating immunopathic neuroinflammatory processes. METHODS To aid in the development of IDO inhibitors as potential AD therapeutics, we optimized a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) based mouse model of brain IDO1 inhibition by examining the dosedependent and time-course of the brain kynurenine:tryptophan (K:T) ratio to LPS via intraperitoneal dosing. RESULTS We determined the optimal LPS dose to increase IDO1 activity in the brain, and the ideal time point to quantify the brain K:T ratio after LPS administration. We then used a brain penetrant tool compound, EOS200271, to validate the model, determine the optimal dosing profile and found that a complete rescue of the K:T ratio was possible with the tool compound. CONCLUSION This LPS-based model of IDO1 target engagement is a useful tool that can be used in the development of brain penetrant IDO1 inhibitors for AD. A limitation of the present study is the lack of quantification of potential clinically relevant biomarkers in this model, which could be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt R Stover
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto M5T 2S8, Canada
- Treventis Corporation, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Paul M Stafford
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Andreea C Damian
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Jagadeesh P Pasangulapati
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto M5T 2S8, Canada
- Treventis Corporation, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Jake Goodwin-Tindall
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto M5T 2S8, Canada
| | | | - Sanghyun Lee
- Treventis Corporation, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Seung-Pil Yang
- Treventis Corporation, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Mark A Reed
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto M5T 2S8, Canada
- Treventis Corporation, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto M5T 0S8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S1A8, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher J Barden
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto M5T 2S8, Canada
- Treventis Corporation, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Donald F Weaver
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto M5T 2S8, Canada
- Treventis Corporation, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto M5T 0S8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto M55 3H6, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 2C4, Canada
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15
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Röhrig UF, Majjigapu SR, Vogel P, Reynaud A, Pojer F, Dilek N, Reichenbach P, Ascenção K, Irving M, Coukos G, Michielin O, Zoete V. Structure-based optimization of type III indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1773-1811. [PMID: 35758198 PMCID: PMC9246256 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2089665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The haem enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catalyses the rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism and plays an essential role in immunity, neuronal function, and ageing. Expression of IDO1 in cancer cells results in the suppression of an immune response, and therefore IDO1 inhibitors have been developed for use in anti-cancer immunotherapy. Here, we report an extension of our previously described highly efficient haem-binding 1,2,3-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole inhibitor series, the best compound having both enzymatic and cellular IC50 values of 34 nM. We provide enzymatic inhibition data for almost 100 new compounds and X-ray diffraction data for one compound in complex with IDO1. Structural and computational studies explain the dramatic drop in activity upon extension to pocket B, which has been observed in diverse haem-binding inhibitor scaffolds. Our data provides important insights for future IDO1 inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute F Röhrig
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Somi Reddy Majjigapu
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Vogel
- Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aline Reynaud
- Protein Production and Structure Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Pojer
- Protein Production and Structure Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nahzli Dilek
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Reichenbach
- Department of Oncology UNIL-CHUV, Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Ascenção
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melita Irving
- Department of Oncology UNIL-CHUV, Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Department of Oncology UNIL-CHUV, Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Michielin
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Ludwig Cancer Research-Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Zoete
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology UNIL-CHUV, Ludwig Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland
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16
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Huo C, Luo Z, Ning X, Kang X, Yan Q, Guo Y, Li G, Wang Z, Li Y, Qian S. 4,6-Disubstituted-1H-Indazole-4-Amine derivatives with immune-chemotherapy effect and in vivo antitumor activity. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 241:114625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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17
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Peng X, Zhao Z, Liu L, Bai L, Tong R, Yang H, Zhong L. Targeting Indoleamine Dioxygenase and Tryptophan Dioxygenase in Cancer Immunotherapy: Clinical Progress and Challenges. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2639-2657. [PMID: 35965963 PMCID: PMC9374094 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s373780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2.3-dioxygenases (IDO1/2) and tryptophan 2.3-dioxygenase (TDO) are the initial and rate-limiting enzymes in tryptophan metabolism, which play an essential role in mediating immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment. Accumulating evidence has indicated that both IDO1 and TDO are highly expressed in many malignant tumors, and their expression is generally associated with reduced tumor-infiltrating immune cells, increased regulatory T-cell infiltration, as well as cancer progression and poor prognosis for malignancies. A large number of IDO1 and TDO inhibitors have been screened or synthesized in the last two decades. Thus far, at least 12 antagonists targeting IDO1 and TDO have advanced to clinical trials. In this account, we conducted a comprehensive review of the development of IDO1 and TDO inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy, particularly their clinical research progress, and presented the current challenges and corresponding solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerun Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwen Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fengrun District People’s Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- POWERCHINA Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People’s Republic of China
- Hao Yang, POWERCHINA Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Lei Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Lei Zhong, Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People’s Republic of China, Email
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18
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Hosseinalizadeh H, Mahmoodpour M, Samadani AA, Roudkenar MH. The immunosuppressive role of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase in glioblastoma: mechanism of action and immunotherapeutic strategies. Med Oncol 2022; 39:130. [PMID: 35716323 PMCID: PMC9206138 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a fatal brain tumor in adults with a bleak diagnosis. Expansion of immunosuppressive and malignant CD4 + FoxP3 + GITR + regulatory T cells is one of the hallmarks of GBM. Importantly, most of the patients with GBM expresses the tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). While IDO1 is generally not expressed at appreciable levels in the adult central nervous system, it is rapidly stimulated and highly expressed in response to ongoing immune surveillance in cancer. Increased levels of immune surveillance in cancer are thus related to higher intratumoral IDO expression levels and, as a result, a worse OS in GBM patients. Conversion of the important amino acid tryptophan into downstream catabolite known as kynurenines is the major function of IDO. Decreasing tryptophan and increasing the concentration of immunomodulatory tryptophan metabolites has been shown to induce T-cell apoptosis, increase immunosuppressive programming, and death of tumor antigen-presenting dendritic cells. This observation supported the immunotherapeutic strategy, and the targeted molecular therapy that suppresses IDO1 activity. We review the current understanding of the role of IDO1 in tumor immunological escape in brain tumors, the immunomodulatory effects of its primary catabolites, preclinical research targeting this enzymatic pathway, and various issues that need to be overcome to increase the prospective immunotherapeutic relevance in the treatment of GBM malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Hosseinalizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mahmoodpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Parastar St., 41887-94755, Rasht, Iran.
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19
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Discovery and biological evaluation of tanshinone derivatives as potent dual inhibitors of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 and tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Yan D, Xu J, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhao G, Lin Y, Tan X. Spiro-Oxindole Skeleton Compounds Are Efficient Inhibitors for Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1: An Attractive Target for Tumor Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4668. [PMID: 35563059 PMCID: PMC9104902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an attractive heme enzyme for its significant function in cancer immunotherapy. Potent IDO1 inhibitors have been discovered for decades, whereas no clinical drugs are used for cancer treatment up to now. With the goal of developing medically valuable IDO inhibitors, we performed a systematic study of SAR405838 analogs with a spiro-oxindole skeleton in this study. Based on the expression and purification of human IDO1, the inhibitory activity of spiro-oxindole skeleton compounds to IDO1 was evaluated by IC50 and Ki values. The results demonstrated that inhibitor 3 exhibited the highest IDO1 inhibitory activity with IC50 at 7.9 μM among all inhibitors, which is ~six-fold of the positive control (4-PI). Moreover, inhibitor 3 was found to have the most effective inhibition of IDO1 in MCF-7 cancer cells without toxic effects. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the hydrophobic interaction stabilized the binding of inhibitor 3 to the IDO1 active site and made an explanation for the uncompetitive mode of inhibitors. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights into the screen of more potent IDO1 inhibitors for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daojing Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, China; (D.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Jiakun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, China; (D.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yingwu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xiangshi Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, China; (D.Y.); (X.W.)
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21
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Mammoli A, Bianconi E, Ruta L, Riccio A, Bigiotti C, Souma M, Carotti A, Rossini S, Suvieri C, Pallotta MT, Grohmann U, Camaioni E, Macchiarulo A. Critical Assessment of a Structure-Based Screening Campaign for IDO1 Inhibitors: Tips and Pitfalls. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073981. [PMID: 35409342 PMCID: PMC8999677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) has attracted wide interest as a key player in immune regulation, fostering the design and development of small molecule inhibitors to restore immune response in tumor immunity. In this framework, biochemical, structural, and pharmacological studies have unveiled peculiar structural plasticity of IDO1, with different conformations and functional states that are coupled to fine regulation of its catalytic activity and non-enzymic functions. The large plasticity of IDO1 may affect its ligand recognition process, generating bias in structure-based drug design campaigns. In this work, we report a screening campaign of a fragment library of compounds, grounding on the use of three distinct conformations of IDO1 that recapitulate its structural plasticity to some extent. Results are instrumental to discuss tips and pitfalls that, due to the large plasticity of the enzyme, may influence the identification of novel and differentiated chemical scaffolds of IDO1 ligands in structure-based screening campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mammoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo n.1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (C.B.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Elisa Bianconi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo n.1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (C.B.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Luana Ruta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo n.1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (C.B.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Alessandra Riccio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo n.1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (C.B.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Carlo Bigiotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo n.1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (C.B.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Maria Souma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo n.1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (C.B.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Andrea Carotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo n.1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (C.B.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Sofia Rossini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le Gambuli, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.R.); (C.S.); (M.T.P.); (U.G.)
| | - Chiara Suvieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le Gambuli, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.R.); (C.S.); (M.T.P.); (U.G.)
| | - Maria Teresa Pallotta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le Gambuli, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.R.); (C.S.); (M.T.P.); (U.G.)
| | - Ursula Grohmann
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le Gambuli, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.R.); (C.S.); (M.T.P.); (U.G.)
| | - Emidio Camaioni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo n.1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (C.B.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Antonio Macchiarulo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo n.1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (C.B.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(075)-585-5131
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22
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Li D, Sloman DL, Achab A, Zhou H, McGowan MA, White C, Gibeau C, Zhang H, Pu Q, Bharathan I, Hopkins B, Liu K, Ferguson H, Fradera X, Lesburg CA, Martinot TA, Qi J, Song ZJ, Yin J, Zhang H, Song L, Wan B, DAddio S, Solban N, Miller JR, Zamlynny B, Bass A, Freeland E, Ykoruk B, Hilliard C, Ferraro J, Zhai J, Knemeyer I, Otte KM, Vincent S, Sciammetta N, Pasternak A, Bennett DJ, Han Y. Oxetane Promise Delivered: Discovery of Long-Acting IDO1 Inhibitors Suitable for Q3W Oral or Parenteral Dosing. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6001-6016. [PMID: 35239336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
3,3-Disubstituted oxetanes have been utilized as bioisosteres for gem-dimethyl and cyclobutane functionalities. We report the discovery of a novel class of oxetane indole-amine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) inhibitors suitable for Q3W (once every 3 weeks) oral and parenteral dosing. A diamide class of IDO inhibitors was discovered through an automated ligand identification system (ALIS). Installation of an oxetane and fluorophenyl dramatically improved the potency. Identification of a biaryl moiety as an unconventional amide isostere addressed the metabolic liability of amide hydrolysis. Metabolism identification (Met-ID)-guided target design and the introduction of polarity resulted in the discovery of potent IDO inhibitors with excellent pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in multiple species. To enable rapid synthesis of the key oxetane intermediate, a novel oxetane ring cyclization was also developed, as well as optimization of a literature route on kg scale. These IDO inhibitors may enable unambiguous proof-of-concept testing for the IDO1 inhibition mechanism for oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Huangguang Zhang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., No.6 Taihe Road, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Licheng Song
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., No.6 Taihe Road, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Baoqiang Wan
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., No. 1 Building, #288 FuTe ZhongLu, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 100176, China
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23
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Lai J, Yang J, Yang C, Csuk R, Song B, Li S. The first N-ligand assisted Pd catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of 3-arylsuccinimides as novel antifungal leads. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01510a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first palladium/chiral nitrogenous ligand-catalyzed enantioselective addition of aryl boronic acids to various maleimides was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixing Lai
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - René Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Baoan Song
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shengkun Li
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
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24
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Mirgaux M, Leherte L, Wouters J. Temporary Intermediates of L-Trp Along the Reaction Pathway of Human Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 and Identification of an Exo Site. Int J Tryptophan Res 2021; 14:11786469211052964. [PMID: 34949925 PMCID: PMC8689440 DOI: 10.1177/11786469211052964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein dynamics governs most of the fundamental processes in the human body.
Particularly, the dynamics of loops located near an active site can be involved
in the positioning of the substrate and the reaction mechanism. The
understanding of the functioning of dynamic loops is therefore a challenge, and
often requires the use of a multi-disciplinary approach mixing, for example,
crystallographic experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. In the present
work, the dynamic behavior of the JK-loop of the human indoleamine
2,3-dioxygenase 1 hemoprotein, a target for immunotherapy, is investigated. To
overcome the lack of knowledge on this dynamism, the study reported here is
based on 3 crystal structures presenting different conformations of the loop,
completed with molecular dynamics trajectories and MM-GBSA analyses, in order to
trace the reaction pathway of the enzyme. In addition, the crystal structures
identify an exo site in the small unit of the enzyme, that is populated
redundantly by the substrate or the product of the reaction. The role of this
newer reported exo site still needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Mirgaux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale, Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Department of Chemistry, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Laurence Leherte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale, Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Department of Chemistry, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale, Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Department of Chemistry, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
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25
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He X, He G, Chu Z, Wu H, Wang J, Ge Y, Shen H, Zhang S, Shan J, Peng K, Wei Z, Zou Y, Xu Y, Zhu Q. Discovery of the First Potent IDO1/IDO2 Dual Inhibitors: A Promising Strategy for Cancer Immunotherapy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17950-17968. [PMID: 34854662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) plays an important role in tumor immune escape. However, unsatisfactory clinical efficacies of selective IDO1 inhibitors have impeded their further development, suggesting that they do not exert sufficient antitumor effects by selectively inhibiting IDO1. IDO2, an isoenzyme of IDO1, is overexpressed in some human tumors, and emerging evidence suggests that concomitant inhibition of IDO1/2 may have synergistic effects in cancer treatment, revealing a promising cancer immunotherapeutic strategy. Herein, we describe the discovery of compound 4t, the first inhibitor targeting both IDO1/2 that has excellent in vitro inhibitory activity (IDO1 IC50 = 28 nM and IDO2 IC50 = 144 nM). Notably, 4t (TGI = 69.7%) exhibited significantly stronger in vivo antitumor potency than epacadostat (TGI = 49.4%) in CT26 xenograft mouse models, highlighting the advantages of IDO1/2 dual inhibitors for tumor immunotherapy. Preliminary mechanistic studies in vivo further identified that 4t exerts its antitumor effect by inhibiting IDO1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guangchao He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhaoxing Chu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Huanhuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yiran Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jinxi Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Kewen Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yungen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Qihua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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26
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Röhrig UF, Michielin O, Zoete V. Structure and Plasticity of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1). J Med Chem 2021; 64:17690-17705. [PMID: 34907770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the implication of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in tumoral immune resistance in 2003, the search for inhibitors has been intensely pursued both in academia and in pharmaceutical companies, supported by the publication of the first crystal structure of IDO1 in 2006. More recently, it has become clear that IDO1 is an important player in various biological pathways and diseases ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to infection and autoimmunity. Its inhibition may lead to clinical benefit in different therapeutic settings. At present, over 50 experimental structures of IDO1 in complex with different ligands are available in the Protein Data Bank. Our analysis of this wealth of structural data sheds new light on several open issues regarding IDO1's structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute F Röhrig
- Molecular Modeling Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Michielin
- Molecular Modeling Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Ludwig Cancer Research─Lausanne Branch, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Zoete
- Molecular Modeling Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology UNIL-CHUV, Ludwig Lausanne Branch, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
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27
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Basran J, Booth ES, Campbell LP, Thackray SJ, Jesani MH, Clayden J, Moody PCE, Mowat CG, Kwon H, Raven EL. Binding of l-kynurenine to X. campestris tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111604. [PMID: 34571402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway is the major route of tryptophan metabolism. The first step of this pathway is catalysed by one of two heme-dependent dioxygenase enzymes - tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) - leading initially to the formation of N-formylkynurenine (NFK). In this paper, we present a crystal structure of a bacterial TDO from X. campestris in complex with l-kynurenine, the hydrolysed product of NFK. l-kynurenine is bound at the active site in a similar location to the substrate (l-Trp). Hydrogen bonding interactions with Arg117 and the heme 7-propionate anchor the l-kynurenine molecule into the pocket. A mechanism for the hydrolysis of NFK in the active site is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaswir Basran
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Elizabeth S Booth
- Department of Chemistry, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Laura P Campbell
- EastChem School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Sarah J Thackray
- EastChem School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Mehul H Jesani
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Peter C E Moody
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Christopher G Mowat
- EastChem School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Hanna Kwon
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Emma L Raven
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
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28
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Wu P, Chen D, Ding W, Wu P, Hou H, Bai Y, Zhou Y, Li K, Xiang S, Liu P, Ju J, Guo E, Liu J, Yang B, Fan J, He L, Sun Z, Feng L, Wang J, Wu T, Wang H, Cheng J, Xing H, Meng Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Luo H, Xie G, Lan X, Tao Y, Li J, Yuan H, Huang K, Sun W, Qian X, Li Z, Huang M, Ding P, Wang H, Qiu J, Wang F, Wang S, Zhu J, Ding X, Chai C, Liang L, Wang X, Luo L, Sun Y, Yang Y, Zhuang Z, Li T, Tian L, Zhang S, Zhu L, Chang A, Chen L, Wu Y, Ma X, Chen F, Ren Y, Xu X, Liu S, Wang J, Yang H, Wang L, Sun C, Ma D, Jin X, Chen G. The trans-omics landscape of COVID-19. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4543. [PMID: 34315889 PMCID: PMC8316550 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health emergency. Various omics results have been reported for COVID-19, but the molecular hallmarks of COVID-19, especially in those patients without comorbidities, have not been fully investigated. Here we collect blood samples from 231 COVID-19 patients, prefiltered to exclude those with selected comorbidities, yet with symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to critically ill. Using integrative analysis of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and lipidomic profiles, we report a trans-omics landscape for COVID-19. Our analyses find neutrophils heterogeneity between asymptomatic and critically ill patients. Meanwhile, neutrophils over-activation, arginine depletion and tryptophan metabolites accumulation correlate with T cell dysfunction in critical patients. Our multi-omics data and characterization of peripheral blood from COVID-19 patients may thus help provide clues regarding pathophysiology of and potential therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Wencheng Ding
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyan Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Yuwen Zhou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kezhen Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | - Jia Ju
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ensong Guo
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junpeng Fan
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang He
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyong Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Research, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Xing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Yifan Meng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | | | - Hongbo Luo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Guizhou, BGI-Shenzhen, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Xie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Ye Tao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Wan Sun
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaobo Qian
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingxi Huang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiwen Ding
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaying Qiu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feiyue Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiyou Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangning Ding
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chaochao Chai
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Langchao Liang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lihua Luo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | - Zhenkun Zhuang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Lei Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiquan Wu
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Yan Ren
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chaoyang Sun
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xin Jin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Disease Genomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Hamilton MM, Mseeh F, McAfoos TJ, Leonard PG, Reyna NJ, Harris AL, Xu A, Han M, Soth MJ, Czako B, Theroff JP, Mandal PK, Burke JP, Virgin-Downey B, Petrocchi A, Pfaffinger D, Rogers NE, Parker CA, Yu SS, Jiang Y, Krapp S, Lammens A, Trevitt G, Tremblay MR, Mikule K, Wilcoxen K, Cross JB, Jones P, Marszalek JR, Lewis RT. Discovery of IACS-9779 and IACS-70465 as Potent Inhibitors Targeting Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) Apoenzyme. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11302-11329. [PMID: 34292726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a heme-containing enzyme that mediates the rate-limiting step in the metabolism of l-tryptophan to kynurenine, has been widely explored as a potential immunotherapeutic target in oncology. We developed a class of inhibitors with a conformationally constrained bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane core. These potently inhibited IDO1 in a cellular context by binding to the apoenzyme, as elucidated by biochemical characterization and X-ray crystallography. A SKOV3 tumor model was instrumental in differentiating compounds, leading to the identification of IACS-9779 (62) and IACS-70465 (71). IACS-70465 has excellent cellular potency, a robust pharmacodynamic response, and in a human whole blood assay was more potent than linrodostat (BMS-986205). IACS-9779 with a predicted human efficacious once daily dose below 1 mg/kg to sustain >90% inhibition of IDO1 displayed an acceptable safety margin in rodent toxicology and dog cardiovascular studies to support advancement into preclinical safety evaluation for human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Hamilton
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Faika Mseeh
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Timothy J McAfoos
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Paul G Leonard
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Naphtali J Reyna
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Angela L Harris
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Alan Xu
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Michelle Han
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Michael J Soth
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Barbara Czako
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Jay P Theroff
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Pijus K Mandal
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Jason P Burke
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Brett Virgin-Downey
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Alessia Petrocchi
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Dana Pfaffinger
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Norma E Rogers
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Connor A Parker
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Simon S Yu
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Yongying Jiang
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Stephan Krapp
- Proteros Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstr. 7a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alfred Lammens
- Proteros Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstr. 7a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Graham Trevitt
- XenoGesis Ltd, BioCity Nottingham, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - Martin R Tremblay
- Tesaro Inc., 1000 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451 United States
| | - Keith Mikule
- Tesaro Inc., 1000 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451 United States
| | - Keith Wilcoxen
- Tesaro Inc., 1000 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451 United States
| | - Jason B Cross
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Philip Jones
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Joseph R Marszalek
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Richard T Lewis
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
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30
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Kassab SE, Mowafy S. Structural Basis of Selective Human Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (hIDO1) Inhibition. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3149-3164. [PMID: 34174026 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
hIDO1 is a heme-dioxygenase overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment and is implicated in the survival of cancer cells. Metabolism of tryptophan to N-formyl-kynurenine by hIDO1 leads to immune suppression to result in cancer cell immune escape. In this article, we discuss the discovery of selective hIDO1 inhibitors for therapeutic intervention that have been promoted to clinical trials and for which crystallographic structural information is available for the respective inhibitor-enzyme complex. The structural insights are based on the complex crystal structures and the relative biological data profiles. The structural basis of selective hIDO1 inhibition, as discussed herein, opens new avenues to the discovery of novel inhibitors with improved activity profiles, selectivity, and distinct structure frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Emam Kassab
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, El-Buhaira, 22516, Egypt
| | - Samar Mowafy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, 11431, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States of America
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31
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Ning XL, Li YZ, Huo C, Deng J, Gao C, Zhu KR, Wang M, Wu YX, Yu JL, Ren YL, Luo ZY, Li G, Chen Y, Wang SY, Peng C, Yang LL, Wang ZY, Wu Y, Qian S, Li GB. X-ray Structure-Guided Discovery of a Potent, Orally Bioavailable, Dual Human Indoleamine/Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase (hIDO/hTDO) Inhibitor That Shows Activity in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8303-8332. [PMID: 34110158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (hIDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (hTDO) have been closely linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD); nevertheless, development of dual hIDO1 and hTDO inhibitors to evaluate their potential efficacy against PD is still lacking. Here, we report biochemical, biophysical, and computational analyses revealing that 1H-indazole-4-amines inhibit both hIDO1 and hTDO by a mechanism involving direct coordination with the heme ferrous and ferric states. Crystal structure-guided optimization led to 23, which manifested IC50 values of 0.64 and 0.04 μM to hIDO1 and hTDO, respectively, and had good pharmacokinetic properties and brain penetration in mice. 23 showed efficacy against the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse motor coordination deficits, comparable to Madopar, an anti-PD medicine. Further studies revealed that different from Madopar, 23 likely has specific anti-PD mechanisms involving lowering IDO1 expression, alleviating dopaminergic neurodegeneration, reducing inflammatory cytokines and quinolinic acid in mouse brain, and increasing kynurenic acid in mouse blood.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- Animals
- Brain/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism
- Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Indazoles/chemical synthesis
- Indazoles/metabolism
- Indazoles/therapeutic use
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Molecular Structure
- Neuroprotective Agents/chemical synthesis
- Neuroprotective Agents/metabolism
- Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/drug therapy
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/pathology
- Protein Binding
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Tryptophan Oxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tryptophan Oxygenase/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Li Ning
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cui Huo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Ji Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cheng Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Kai-Rong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Jun-Lin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ya-Li Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zong-Yuan Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Gen Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Si-Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Zhou-Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shan Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Guo-Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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32
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Kynurenines as a Novel Target for the Treatment of Malignancies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070606. [PMID: 34201791 PMCID: PMC8308824 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignancies are unquestionably a significant public health problem. Their effective treatment is still a big challenge for modern medicine. Tumors have developed a wide range of mechanisms to evade an immune and therapeutic response. As a result, there is an unmet clinical need for research on solutions aimed at overcoming this problem. An accumulation of tryptophan metabolites belonging to the kynurenine pathway can enhance neoplastic progression because it causes the suppression of immune system response against cancer cells. They are also involved in the development of the mechanisms responsible for the resistance to antitumor therapy. Kynurenine belongs to the most potent immunosuppressive metabolites of this pathway and has a significant impact on the development of malignancies. This fact prompted researchers to assess whether targeting the enzymes responsible for its synthesis could be an effective therapeutic strategy for various cancers. To date, numerous studies, both preclinical and clinical, have been conducted on this topic, especially regarding the inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity and their results can be considered noteworthy. This review gathers and systematizes the knowledge about the role of the kynurenine pathway in neoplastic progression and the findings regarding the usefulness of modulating its activity in anticancer therapy.
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33
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of exiguamine A analogues as IDO1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113631. [PMID: 34147748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A series of exiguamine A analogues were designed and synthesized via 15 steps. Their inhibitory activities against IDO1 were tested and the structure-activity relationships were studied. Most compounds exhibited potent IDO1 inhibitory activities with IC50 values at the level of 10-7-10-8 M. Compound 21f was the most potent IDO1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 65.3 nM, which was comparable with the positive control drug epacadostat (IC50 = 46 nM). Moreover, compound 21f showed higher selectivity for IDO1 over tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and no cytotoxicity at its effective concentration, rending it justifiable for further optimization and evaluation.
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34
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Nipate DS, Shinde VN, Rangan K, Kumar A. Switchable regioselective hydroalkylation of 2-arylindoles with maleimides. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4910-4921. [PMID: 34008673 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00690h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A condition-based switchable regioselective hydroalkylation of 2-arylindoles with maleimides has been developed. The reaction in the presence of a Ru(ii)-catalyst resulted in hydroalkylation at the ortho-position of the C2-aryl ring via C-H activation whereas the reaction in the absence of the catalyst in TFE resulted in C3-hydroalkylation. Various functional groups both on the indole ring and on the 2-phenyl ring were tolerated and a wide range of hydroalkylated products were obtained in moderate to high (37-88%) yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay S Nipate
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
| | - Vikki N Shinde
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
| | - Krishnan Rangan
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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35
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Xia Z, Nan Y, Liu C, Lin G, Gu K, Chen C, Zhao W, Ju D, Dong X. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 1,2,5-Oxadiazol-3- Carboximidamide Derivatives as Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) Inhibitors. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1592-1603. [PMID: 32496990 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200604121225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), which catalyzes the degradation of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) to N-formyl kynurenine (NFK) in the first and rate-limiting step of Kynurenine (KYN) pathway has been identified as a promising therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy. The small molecule Epacadostat developed by Incyte Corp is the most advanced IDO1 inhibitor in clinical trials. METHODS In this study, various amidine derivatives were individually installed as the polar capping group onto the amino ethylene side chain to replace the sulfamoylamino moiety of Epacadostat to develop novel IDO1 inhibitors. A series of novel 1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-carboximidamide derivatives were designed, prepared, and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against human IDO1 enzyme and cellular IDO1. RESULTS In vitro human IDO1 enzyme and cellular IDO1 assay results demonstrate that the inhibitory activities of compound 13a and 13b were comparable to Epacadostat, with the enzymatic IC50 values of 49.37nM and 52.12nM and cellular IC50 values of 12.34nM and 14.34nM, respectively. The anti-tumor efficacy of 13b is slightly better than Epacadosta in Lewis Lung Cancer (LLC) tumor-bearing mice model. CONCLUSION 13b is a potent IDO1 inhibitor with therapeutic potential in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Xia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanyang Nan
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guangyu Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kedan Gu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weili Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaochun Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
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36
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Hor S, Oyama KI, Koga N, Tsukamoto M. Brønsted acid-catalyzed 1,4-addition of 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene to maleimides and acrylates. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Zheng Y, Stafford PM, Stover KR, Mohan DC, Gupta M, Keske EC, Schiavini P, Villar L, Wu F, Kreft A, Thomas K, Raaphorst E, Pasangulapati JP, Alla SR, Sharma S, Mittapalli RR, Sagamanova I, Johnson SL, Reed MA, Weaver DF. A Series of 2-((1-Phenyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)-1H-indoles as Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2195-2205. [PMID: 33759400 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a promising therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy and neurological disease. Thus, searching for highly active inhibitors for use in human cancers is now a focus of widespread research and development efforts. In this study, we report the structure-based design of 2-(5-imidazolyl)indole derivatives, a series of novel IDO1 inhibitors which have been designed and synthesized based on our previous study using N1-substituted 5-indoleimidazoles. Among these, we have identified one with a strong IDO1 inhibitory activity (IC50 =0.16 μM, EC50 =0.3 μM). Structural-activity relationship (SAR) and computational docking simulations suggest that a hydroxyl group favorably interacts with a proximal Ser167 residue in Pocket A, improving IDO1 inhibitory potency. The brain penetrance of potent compounds was estimated by calculation of the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) Score and Brain Exposure Efficiency (BEE) Score. Many compounds had favorable scores and the two most promising compounds were advanced to a pharmacokinetic study which demonstrated that both compounds were brain penetrant. We have thus discovered a flexible scaffold for brain penetrant IDO1 inhibitors, exemplified by several potent, brain penetrant, agents. With this promising scaffold, we provide herein a basis for further development of brain penetrant IDO1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zheng
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Paul M Stafford
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Kurt R Stover
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Darapaneni Chandra Mohan
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Mayuri Gupta
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Eric C Keske
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Paolo Schiavini
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Laura Villar
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Fan Wu
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Alexander Kreft
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Kiersten Thomas
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Elana Raaphorst
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Jagadeesh P Pasangulapati
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Siva R Alla
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Simmi Sharma
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Ramana R Mittapalli
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Irina Sagamanova
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Shea L Johnson
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Mark A Reed
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M55 3H6, Canada
| | - Donald F Weaver
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M55 3H6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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38
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Tang K, Wu YH, Song Y, Yu B. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors in clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:68. [PMID: 33883013 PMCID: PMC8061021 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01080-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a heme enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of L-tryptophan. Functionally, IDO1 has played a pivotal role in cancer immune escape via catalyzing the initial step of the kynurenine pathway, and overexpression of IDO1 is also associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. Currently, several small-molecule candidates and peptide vaccines are currently being assessed in clinical trials. Furthermore, the "proteolysis targeting chimera" (PROTAC) technology has also been successfully used in the development of IDO1 degraders, providing novel therapeutics for cancers. Herein, we review the biological functions of IDO1, structural biology and also extensively summarize medicinal chemistry strategies for the development of IDO1 inhibitors in clinical trials. The emerging PROTAC-based IDO1 degraders are also highlighted. This review may provide a comprehensive and updated overview on IDO1 inhibitors and their therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ya-Hong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yihui Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Capochiani de Iudicibus R, Tomek P, Palmer BD, Tijono SM, Flanagan JU, Ching LM. Parallel discovery of selective and dual inhibitors of tryptophan dioxygenases IDO1 and TDO2 with a newly-modified enzymatic assay. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 39:116160. [PMID: 33901770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The expression of tryptophan catabolising enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) or tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2) in cancers is associated with suppressed immunity and poor patient prognosis. Results from human clinical trials of IDO1 inhibitors have been disappointing. There is now a strong interest in the development of TDO2-selective or dual IDO1/TDO2 inhibitors that may surpass IDO1 inhibitors by providing broader efficacy and blocking constitutively-expressed hepatic TDO2. To expedite the discovery of novel TDO2-specific and dual inhibitors, an assay that enabled the efficient and accurate measurement of the inhibitory activity of compounds against both IDO1 and TDO2 enzymes, concurrently in the same experiment was established to screen 5,682 compounds that included the National Cancer Institute Diversity set 5, for inhibition of IDO1 and TDO2 activity. This screen identified 82 compounds that inhibited either IDO1, TDO2 or both enzymes > 50% at 20 µM. Thirty Pan Assay Interference compounds were removed from the list and the IC50 of the remaining 52 compounds against IDO1 and TDO2 was subsequently determined using the newly-developed concurrent assay. Ten compounds were confirmed as dual IDO1/TDO2 inhibitors having IC50 values under 50 µM against both enzymes and within 2-fold of each other. Six compounds with IC50 values between 1.39 and 8.41 µM were identified as potential TDO2-selective leads. The use of this concurrent protocol is anticipated to expedite the discovery of novel leads for dual and selective inhibitors against IDO1 and or TDO2 and speed the evaluation of novel analogues that will ensue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Capochiani de Iudicibus
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Petr Tomek
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Brian D Palmer
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Sofian M Tijono
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Jack U Flanagan
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Lai-Ming Ching
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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40
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BF 3-OEt 2 Catalyzed C3-Alkylation of Indole: Synthesis of Indolylsuccinimidesand Their Cytotoxicity Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082202. [PMID: 33920456 PMCID: PMC8069703 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and efficient BF3-OEt2 promoted C3-alkylation of indole has been developed to obtain3-indolylsuccinimidesfrom commercially available indoles and maleimides, with excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, anti-proliferative activity of these conjugates was evaluated against HT-29 (Colorectal), Hepg2 (Liver) and A549 (Lung) human cancer cell lines. One of the compounds, 3w, having N,N-Dimethylatedindolylsuccinimide is a potent congener amongst the series with IC50 value 0.02 µM and 0.8 µM against HT-29 and Hepg2 cell lines, respectively, and compound 3i was most active amongst the series with IC50 value 1.5 µM against A549 cells. Molecular docking study and mechanism of reaction have briefly beendiscussed. This method is better than previous reports in view of yield and substrate scope including electron deficient indoles.
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41
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Cruz-Bermúdez A, Laza-Briviesca R, Casarrubios M, Sierra-Rodero B, Provencio M. The Role of Metabolism in Tumor Immune Evasion: Novel Approaches to Improve Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:361. [PMID: 33807260 PMCID: PMC8067102 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment exhibits altered metabolic properties as a consequence of the needs of tumor cells, the natural selection of the most adapted clones, and the selfish relationship with other cell types. Beyond its role in supporting uncontrolled tumor growth, through energy and building materials obtention, metabolism is a key element controlling tumor immune evasion. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, being the first line of treatment for multiple types of malignancies. However, many patients either do not benefit from immunotherapy or eventually relapse. In this review we overview the immunoediting process with a focus on the metabolism-related elements that are responsible for increased immune evasion, either through reduced immunogenicity or increased resistance of tumor cells to the apoptotic action of immune cells. Finally, we describe the main molecules to modulate these immune evasion processes through the control of the metabolic microenvironment as well as their clinical developmental status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cruz-Bermúdez
- Medical Oncology Department, Health Research Institute Puerta de Hierro–Segovia de Arana (IDIPHISA) & Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Manuel de Falla Street #1, 28222 Madrid, Spain; (R.L.-B.); (M.C.); (B.S.-R.)
| | - Raquel Laza-Briviesca
- Medical Oncology Department, Health Research Institute Puerta de Hierro–Segovia de Arana (IDIPHISA) & Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Manuel de Falla Street #1, 28222 Madrid, Spain; (R.L.-B.); (M.C.); (B.S.-R.)
- PhD Programme in Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine Doctoral School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Casarrubios
- Medical Oncology Department, Health Research Institute Puerta de Hierro–Segovia de Arana (IDIPHISA) & Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Manuel de Falla Street #1, 28222 Madrid, Spain; (R.L.-B.); (M.C.); (B.S.-R.)
- PhD Programme in Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine Doctoral School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Sierra-Rodero
- Medical Oncology Department, Health Research Institute Puerta de Hierro–Segovia de Arana (IDIPHISA) & Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Manuel de Falla Street #1, 28222 Madrid, Spain; (R.L.-B.); (M.C.); (B.S.-R.)
- PhD Programme in Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine Doctoral School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Provencio
- Medical Oncology Department, Health Research Institute Puerta de Hierro–Segovia de Arana (IDIPHISA) & Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Manuel de Falla Street #1, 28222 Madrid, Spain; (R.L.-B.); (M.C.); (B.S.-R.)
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42
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Li D, Deng Y, Achab A, Bharathan I, Hopkins BA, Yu W, Zhang H, Sanyal S, Pu Q, Zhou H, Liu K, Lim J, Fradera X, Lesburg CA, Lammens A, Martinot TA, Cohen RD, Doty AC, Ferguson H, Nickbarg EB, Cheng M, Spacciapoli P, Geda P, Song X, Smotrov N, Abeywickrema P, Andrews C, Chamberlin C, Mabrouk O, Curran P, Richards M, Saradjian P, Miller JR, Knemeyer I, Otte KM, Vincent S, Sciammetta N, Pasternak A, Bennett DJ, Han Y. Carbamate and N-Pyrimidine Mitigate Amide Hydrolysis: Structure-Based Drug Design of Tetrahydroquinoline IDO1 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:389-396. [PMID: 33738066 PMCID: PMC7957919 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) has emerged as an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. An automated ligand identification system screen afforded the tetrahydroquinoline class of novel IDO1 inhibitors. Potency and pharmacokinetic (PK) were key issues with this class of compounds. Structure-based drug design and strategic incorporation of polarity enabled the rapid improvement on potency, solubility, and oxidative metabolic stability. Metabolite identification studies revealed that amide hydrolysis in the D-pocket was the key clearance mechanism for this class. Strategic survey of amide isosteres revealed that carbamates and N-pyrimidines, which maintained exquisite potencies, mitigated the amide hydrolysis issue and led to an improved rat PK profile. The lead compound 28 is a potent IDO1 inhibitor, with clean off-target profiles and the potential for quaque die dosing in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derun Li
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yongqi Deng
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Abdelghani Achab
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Indu Bharathan
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Brett Andrew Hopkins
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Wensheng Yu
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Sulagna Sanyal
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Qinglin Pu
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hua Zhou
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kun Liu
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jongwon Lim
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xavier Fradera
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Charles A. Lesburg
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Alfred Lammens
- Proteros
Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstraße 7a, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Theodore A. Martinot
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ryan D. Cohen
- Analytical
Research & Development, Merck &
Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065 United States
| | - Amy C. Doty
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Heidi Ferguson
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Elliott B. Nickbarg
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mangeng Cheng
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peter Spacciapoli
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Prasanthi Geda
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xuelei Song
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nadya Smotrov
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Pravien Abeywickrema
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Christine Andrews
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Chad Chamberlin
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Omar Mabrouk
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Patrick Curran
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Matthew Richards
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peter Saradjian
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - J. Richard Miller
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ian Knemeyer
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Karin M. Otte
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Stella Vincent
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nunzio Sciammetta
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Alexander Pasternak
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - David Jonathan Bennett
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yongxin Han
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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43
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Chen S, Tan J, Zhang A. The ups, downs and new trends of IDO1 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104815. [PMID: 33773223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has become an emerging driving force in the development of innovative strategies to fight against cancer. Despite the significant clinical benefits that many cancer patients have gained, the generally average response rate of ~ 20% is far behind the expectation for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Combination of ICIs with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) inhibitors is considered as an alternative solution and has proved effective in tremendous preclinical studies. However, the failure of phase III ECHO-301/KEYNOTE-252 trial seriously dampened the enthusiasm on the rationality of IDO1-targeting strategy. Fortunately, in spite of the ups and downs in the developmental journey of IDO1 inhibitors, multiple new approaches have been proposed to bridge the gap between lab to the clinic. Here, we review the recent advances in the development of small molecule inhibitors targeting IDO1 especially the new trend of IDO1 inhibitors after ECHO-301 clinical trials, including dual or pan-inhibitors targeting IDO1 and TDO or IDO2, apo-IDO1 inhibitors, IDO1 PROTACs, as well as other IDO1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulun Chen
- Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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44
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Cherney EC, Zhang L, Nara S, Zhu X, Gullo-Brown J, Maley D, Lin TA, Hunt JT, Huang C, Yang Z, Darienzo C, Discenza L, Ranasinghe A, Grubb M, Ziemba T, Traeger SC, Li X, Johnston K, Kopcho L, Fereshteh M, Foster K, Stefanski K, Fargnoli J, Swanson J, Brown J, Delpy D, Seitz SP, Borzilleri R, Vite G, Balog A. Discovery and Preclinical Evaluation of BMS-986242, a Potent, Selective Inhibitor of Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:288-294. [PMID: 33603977 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a heme-containing dioxygenase enzyme implicated in cancer immune response. This account details the discovery of BMS-986242, a novel IDO1 inhibitor designed for the treatment of a variety of cancers including metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. Given the substantial interest around this target for cancer immunotherapy, we sought to identify a structurally differentiated clinical candidate that performs comparably to linrodostat (BMS-986205) in terms of both in vitro potency and in vivo pharmacodynamic effect in a mouse xenograft model. On the basis of its preclinical profile, BMS-986242 was selected as a candidate for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Cherney
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Liping Zhang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Susheel Nara
- Biocon BMS R&D Center, Bommasandra Jigani Link Rd, Bommasandra Industrial Area, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560099, India
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Johnni Gullo-Brown
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Derrick Maley
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Tai-An Lin
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - John T. Hunt
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Christine Huang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Zheng Yang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Celia Darienzo
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Lorell Discenza
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Asoka Ranasinghe
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Mary Grubb
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Theresa Ziemba
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Sarah C. Traeger
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Xin Li
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Kathy Johnston
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Lisa Kopcho
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Mark Fereshteh
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Kimberly Foster
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Kevin Stefanski
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Joseph Fargnoli
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Jesse Swanson
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Jennifer Brown
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Diane Delpy
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Steven P. Seitz
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Robert Borzilleri
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Gregory Vite
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Aaron Balog
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville, Princeton Rd, Lawrence Township, New Jersey 08648, United States
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Kumazawa M, Tejima M, Fukuda M, Takeda S, Suzuki K, Mizumoto Y, Sato K, Waki M, Miyachi H, Asai A, Takikawa O, Hashimoto T, Ohno O, Matsuno K. Discovery of Carbono(di)thioates as Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:211-216. [PMID: 33603967 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A structure-activity relationship study unexpectedly showed that carbonothioates 4a and 4b, obtained by a unique alkaline hydrolysis of 2-alkylthio-oxazolines 3a and 3b, respectively, are a novel scaffold for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors. Derivatization of the carbonothioates enhanced inhibitory activity against IDO1 and cellular kynurenine production without cytotoxicity and led to the discovery of the related scaffolds carbonodithioates 5 and cyanocarbonimidodithioates 6 as IDO1 inhibitors. Incorporation of an OH group provided the most potent analogue 5i. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy of the Soret band, as well as docking and peptide mapping studies, suggested that these molecules bind to the heme in the active site of IDO1. Our unique IDO1 inhibitors are potential leads for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Kumazawa
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachi-oji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Manabu Tejima
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachi-oji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Miwa Fukuda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shota Takeda
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachi-oji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachi-oji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Yukiko Mizumoto
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachi-oji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Kakeru Sato
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachi-oji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Minoru Waki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyachi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Akira Asai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Osamu Takikawa
- National Institute for Longevity Sciences, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 36-3 Gengo, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8522, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachi-oji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Osamu Ohno
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachi-oji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuno
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachi-oji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
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Pham KN, Lewis-Ballester A, Yeh SR. Conformational Plasticity in Human Heme-Based Dioxygenases. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 143:1836-1845. [PMID: 33373218 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (hIDO1) and human tryptophan dioxygenase (hTDO) are two important heme proteins that degrade the essential amino acid, l-tryptophan (Trp), along the kynurenine pathway. The two enzymes share a similar active site structure and an analogous catalytic mechanism, but they exhibit a variety of distinct functional properties. Here we used carbon monoxide (CO) as a structural probe to interrogate how the functionalities of the two enzymes are encoded in their structures. With X-ray crystallography, we detected an unexpected photochemical intermediate trapped in a crystal of the hIDO1-CO-Trp complex, where CO is photolyzed from the heme iron by X-rays at cryogenic temperatures (100 K). The CO photolysis triggers a large-scale migration of the substrate Trp, as well as the photolyzed CO, from the active site to a temporary binding site, Sa*. It is accompanied by a large conformational change to an active site loop, JK-LoopC, despite the severely restricted protein motion under the frozen conditions, which highlights the remarkable conformational plasticity of the hIDO1 protein. Comparative studies of a crystal of the hTDO-CO-Trp complex show that CO and Trp remain bound in the active site under comparable X-ray illumination, indicating a much more rigid protein architecture. The data offer important new insights into the structure and function relationships of the heme-based dioxygenases and provide new guidelines for structure-based design of inhibitors targeting them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa N Pham
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Ariel Lewis-Ballester
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Syun-Ru Yeh
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York 10461, United States
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47
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Petrova ON, Lamarre I, Fasani F, Grillon C, Negrerie M. Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Inhibitors Discovered among Natural Compounds. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3642-3651. [PMID: 33290062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is the human receptor of nitric oxide (NO) in numerous kinds of cells and produces the second messenger 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) upon NO binding to its heme. sGC is involved in many cell signaling pathways both under healthy conditions and under pathological conditions, such as angiogenesis associated with tumor growth. Addressing the selective inhibition of the NO/cGMP pathway is a strategy worthwhile to be investigated for slowing down tumoral angiogenesis or for curing vasoplegia. However, sGC inhibitors are lacking investigation. We have explored a chemical library of various natural compounds and have discovered inhibitors of sGC. The selected compounds were evaluated for their inhibition of purified sGC in vitro and sGC in endothelial cells. Six natural compounds, from various organisms, have IC50 in the range 0.2-1.5 μM for inhibiting the NO-activated synthesis of cGMP by sGC, and selected compounds exhibit a quantified antiangiogenic activity using an endothelial cell line. These sGC inhibitors can be used directly as tools to investigate angiogenesis and cell signaling or as templates for drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga N Petrova
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, INSERM U1182, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Isabelle Lamarre
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, INSERM U1182, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Fabienne Fasani
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS, Orléans, France
| | | | - Michel Negrerie
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, INSERM U1182, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
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48
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Zhao Z, Yue J, Ji X, Nian M, Kang K, Qiao H, Zheng X. Research progress in biological activities of succinimide derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2020; 108:104557. [PMID: 33376010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Succinimides are well recognized heterocyclic compounds in drug discovery which produce diverse therapeutically related applications in pharmacological practices. Researches in medicinal chemistry field have isolated and synthesized succinimide derivatives with multiple medicinal properties including anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antimicrobial agents, 5-HT receptor ligands and enzyme inhibitors. Simultaneously, SAR (Structure-Activity Relationship) analysis has been gradually possessed, along with a great deal of derivatives have been derived for potential targets. In this article, we comprehensively summarize the biological activities and SAR for succinimide derivatives, along with the featuring bioactive molecules reported in patents, wishing to provide an overall retrospect and prospect on the succinimide analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Zhao
- College of Acupuncture & Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Jiangxin Yue
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China
| | - Meng Nian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China
| | - Kaiwen Kang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China
| | - Haifa Qiao
- College of Acupuncture & Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China.
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710069, PR China
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49
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Hoffmann D, Dvorakova T, Schramme F, Stroobant V, Van den Eynde BJ. Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase Expression Identified in Murine Decidual Stromal Cells Is Not Essential for Feto-Maternal Tolerance. Front Immunol 2020; 11:601759. [PMID: 33363543 PMCID: PMC7752949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.601759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) catalyze the rate-limiting step of tryptophan catabolism along the kynurenine pathway, which has important immuno suppressive properties, particularly in tumor cells and dendritic cells. The prominent expression of IDO1 in the placenta also suggested a role in preventing immune rejection of fetal tissues, and pharmacological inhibition of IDO1 induced abortion of allogeneic fetuses in mice. However, this was later challenged by the lack of rejection of allogeneic fetuses in IDO1-KO mice, suggesting that other mechanisms may compensate for IDO1 deficiency. Here we investigated whether TDO could contribute to feto-maternal tolerance and compensate for IDO1 deficiency in IDO1-KO mice. Expression of TDO mRNA was previously detected in placental tissues. We developed a new chimeric rabbit anti-TDO antibody to confirm TDO expression at the protein level and identify the positive cell type by immunohistochemistry in murine placenta. We observed massive TDO expression in decidual stromal cells, starting at day E3.5, peaking at day E6.5 then declining rapidly while remaining detectable until gestation end. IDO1 was also induced in decidual stromal cells, but only at a later stage of gestation when TDO expression declined. To determine whether TDO contributed to feto-maternal tolerance, we mated TDO-KO and double IDO1-TDO-KO females with allogeneic males. However, we did not observe reduced fertility. These results suggest that, despite its expression in decidual stromal cells, TDO is not a dominant mechanism of feto-maternal tolerance able to compensate for the absence of IDO1. Redundant additional mechanisms of immunosuppression likely take over in these KO mice. The massive expression of TDO during decidualization might suggest a role of TDO in angiogenesis or vessel tonicity, as previously described for IDO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Hoffmann
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium.,de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tereza Dvorakova
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium.,de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Schramme
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium.,de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Stroobant
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium.,de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit J Van den Eynde
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium.,de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium
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50
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Singh R, Salunke DB. Diverse chemical space of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (Ido1) inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 211:113071. [PMID: 33341650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catalyses the first and rate limiting step of kynurenine pathway accounting for the major contributor of L-Tryptophan degradation. The Kynurenine metabolites are identified as essential cofactors, antagonists, neurotoxins, immunomodulators, antioxidants as well as carcinogens. The catalytic active site of IDO1 enzyme consists of hydrophobic Pocket-A positioned in the distal heme site and remains connected to a second hydrophobic Pocket-B towards the entrance of the active site. IDO1 enzyme also relates directly to the modulation of the innate and adaptive immune system. Various studies proved that the over expression of IDO1 enzyme play a predominant role in the escape of immunity during cancer progression. Recently, there has been considerable interest in evaluating the potential of IDO1 inhibitors to mobilize the body's immune system against solid tumours. In the last two decades, enormous attempts to advance new IDO1 inhibitors are on-going both in pharmaceutical industries and in academia which resulted in the discovery of a diverse range of selective and potent IDO1 inhibitors. The IDO1 inhibitors have therapeutic utility in various diseases and in the near future, it may have utility in the treatment of COVID-19. Despite various reviews on IDO1 inhibitors in last five years, none of the reviews provide a complete overview of diverse chemical space including naturally occurring and synthetic IDO1 inhibitors with detailed structure activity relationship studies. The present work provides a complete overview on the IDO1 inhibitors known in the literature so far along with the Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) in each class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Deepak B Salunke
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India; National Interdisciplinary Centre of Vaccine, Immunotherapeutics and Antimicrobials, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
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