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Zhen J, Li X, Yu H, Du B. High-density lipoprotein mimetic nano-therapeutics targeting monocytes and macrophages for improved cardiovascular care: a comprehensive review. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:263. [PMID: 38760755 PMCID: PMC11100215 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases continues to be a challenge for global health, necessitating innovative solutions. The potential of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) mimetic nanotherapeutics in the context of cardiovascular disease and the intricate mechanisms underlying the interactions between monocyte-derived cells and HDL mimetic showing their impact on inflammation, cellular lipid metabolism, and the progression of atherosclerotic plaque. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that HDL mimetic nanotherapeutics can regulate monocyte recruitment and macrophage polarization towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype, suggesting their potential to impede the progression of atherosclerosis. The challenges and opportunities associated with the clinical application of HDL mimetic nanotherapeutics, emphasize the need for additional research to gain a better understanding of the precise molecular pathways and long-term effects of these nanotherapeutics on monocytes and macrophages to maximize their therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases highlights the potential of nanoparticles for targeted treatments. Moreover, the concept of theranostics combines therapy and diagnosis to create a selective platform for the conversion of traditional therapeutic medications into specialized and customized treatments. The multifaceted contributions of HDL to cardiovascular and metabolic health via highlight its potential to improve plaque stability and avert atherosclerosis-related problems. There is a need for further research to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of HDL mimetic nanotherapeutics and to develop targeted treatment approaches to prevent atherosclerosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the potential of nanotherapeutics in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, emphasizing the need for innovative solutions to address the challenges posed by cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhen
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Bing Du
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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2
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Almeida DRS, Gil JF, Guillot AJ, Li J, Pinto RJB, Santos HA, Gonçalves G. Advances in Microfluidic-Based Core@Shell Nanoparticles Fabrication for Cancer Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400946. [PMID: 38736024 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Current research in cancer therapy focuses on personalized therapies, through nanotechnology-based targeted drug delivery systems. Particularly, controlled drug release with nanoparticles (NPs) can be designed to safely transport various active agents, optimizing delivery to specific organs and tumors, minimizing side effects. The use of microfluidics (MFs) in this field has stood out against conventional methods by allowing precise control over parameters like size, structure, composition, and mechanical/biological properties of nanoscale carriers. This review compiles applications of microfluidics in the production of core-shell NPs (CSNPs) for cancer therapy, discussing the versatility inherent in various microchannel and/or micromixer setups and showcasing how these setups can be utilized individually or in combination, as well as how this technology allows the development of new advances in more efficient and controlled fabrication of core-shell nanoformulations. Recent biological studies have achieved an effective, safe, and controlled delivery of otherwise unreliable encapsulants such as small interfering RNA (siRNA), plasmid DNA (pDNA), and cisplatin as a result of precisely tuned fabrication of nanocarriers, showing that this technology is paving the way for innovative strategies in cancer therapy nanofabrication, characterized by continuous production and high reproducibility. Finally, this review analyzes the technical, biological, and technological limitations that currently prevent this technology from becoming the standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte R S Almeida
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - João Ferreira Gil
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Antonio José Guillot
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Ave. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Jiachen Li
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo J B Pinto
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Gil Gonçalves
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
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3
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Liang L, Deng Y, Ao Z, Liao C, Tian J, Li C, Yu X. Recent progress in biomimetic nanomedicines based on versatile targeting strategy for atherosclerosis therapy. J Drug Target 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38656224 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2347353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is considered to be one of the major causes of cardiovascular disease. Its pathological microenvironment is characterised by increased production of reactive oxygen species, lipid oxides, and excessive inflammatory factors, which accumulate at the monolayer endothelial cells in the vascular wall to form AS plaques. Therefore, intervention in the pathological microenvironment would be beneficial in delaying AS. Researchers have designed biomimetic nanomedicines with excellent biocompatibility and the ability to avoid being cleared by the immune system through different therapeutic strategies to achieve better therapeutic effects for the characteristics of AS. Biomimetic nanomedicines can further enhance delivery efficiency and improve treatment efficacy due to their good biocompatibility and ability to evade clearance by the immune system. Biomimetic nanomedicines based on therapeutic strategies such as neutralising inflammatory factors, ROS scavengers, lipid clearance and integration of diagnosis and treatment are versatile approaches for effective treatment of AS. The review firstly summarises the targeting therapeutic strategy of biomimetic nanomedicine for AS in recent 5 years. Biomimetic nanomedicines using cell membranes, proteins, and extracellular vesicles as carriers have been developed for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hejiang County People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiping Deng
- Analysis and Testing Center, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zuojin Ao
- Analysis and Testing Center, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Changli Liao
- Science and Technology Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ji Tian
- Analysis and Testing Center, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Chinese Pharmacy Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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4
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Yadav SK, Das S, Lincon A, Saha S, BoseDasgupta S, Ray SK, Das S. Gelatin-decorated Graphene oxide: A nanocarrier for delivering pH-responsive drug for improving therapeutic efficacy against atherosclerotic plaque. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123737. [PMID: 38176480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The progressive inflammatory disease atherosclerosis promotes myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart attack. Anti-inflammatory drugs treat severe atherosclerosis. They are inadequate bioavailability and cause adverse effects at higher doses. A new nanomaterial coupled pH-apperceptive drug delivery system for atherosclerotic plaque is outlined here. We have synthesized a Graphene Oxide-Gelatin-Atorvastatin (GO-Gel-ATR) nanodrug characterized by spectroscopic and imaging techniques. The encapsulation efficiency of GO-Gel-ATR (79.2%) in the loading process is observed to be better than GO-ATR (66.8%). The internal milieu of the plaque cells has a pH of 6.8. The GO-Gel-ATR displays sustained and cumulative release profile at pH 6.8 compared to ATR and GO-ATR. Our proposed nanocomposite demonstrated high cytocompatibility up to 100μg/mL in foam cells induced by Oxidized-Low Density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) compared to normal macrophages for 24 and 48 h. The uptake efficacy of the nanodrugs is shown to be enhanced in foam cells compared to normal macrophage. Oil red O staining of foam cells with and without drugs confirmed therapeutic efficacy. Foam cells treated with nanocomposite had more lipids efflux than ATR. The finding of the in-vitro study reveals that the GO-Gel-ATR nanocomposite carriers have the potential to deliver anti-atherosclerotic drugs effectively and inhibit atherosclerotic plaque progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Yadav
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Shreyasi Das
- School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhijit Lincon
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Saradindu Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Somdeb BoseDasgupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Samit K Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumen Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
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5
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Gao C, Liu Y, Zhang TL, Luo Y, Gao J, Chu JJ, Gong BF, Chen XH, Yin T, Zhang J, Yin Y. Biomembrane-Derived Nanoparticles in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Synthetic Lipid Nanoparticles and Natural Cell-Derived Vesicles. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7441-7468. [PMID: 38090364 PMCID: PMC10712251 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s436774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapies for Alzheimer's disease used in the clinic predominantly focus on reducing symptoms with limited capability to control disease progression; thus, novel drugs are urgently needed. While nanoparticles (liposomes, high-density lipoprotein-based nanoparticles) constructed with synthetic biomembranes have shown great potential in AD therapy due to their excellent biocompatibility, multifunctionality and ability to penetrate the BBB, nanoparticles derived from natural biomembranes (extracellular vesicles, cell membrane-based nanoparticles) display inherent biocompatibility, stability, homing ability and ability to penetrate the BBB, which may present a safer and more effective treatment for AD. In this paper, we reviewed the synthetic and natural biomembrane-derived nanoparticles that are used in AD therapy. The challenges associated with the clinical translation of biomembrane-derived nanoparticles and future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting-Lin Zhang
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- New Drug Discovery and Development, Biotheus Inc., Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jian Chu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bao-Feng Gong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Han Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - You Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Hua X, Wei X. Liver X receptors: From pharmacology to nanoparticle-based drug delivery. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175953. [PMID: 37541371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver X receptors (LXRs) are master regulators of various biological processes, including metabolism, inflammation, development, and reproduction. As well-known nuclear oxysterol receptors of the nuclear receptor (NR) family, LXRs have two homologous subtypes, LXRα (NR1H3) and LXRβ (NR1H2). Since the mid-1990s, numerous LXR-targeted drugs have been designed to treat diseases such as atherosclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and cancer. These modulators include agonists and antagonists, and the selectivity of them have been development from diverse aspects, including subtype-specific, cell-specific, tissue-specific types. Meanwhile, advanced delivery systems are also exploreed to facilitate the application of LXR drugs in clinical setting. One of the most promising delivery systems involves the use of nanoparticles and is expected to increase the clinical potential of LXR modulators. This review discusses our current understanding of LXR biology and pharmacology, focusing on the development of modulators for LXRα and/or LXRβ, and the nanoparticle-based delivery systems for promising LXR modulators with potential for use as drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Hua
- Department of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, James Clerk Maxwell Building, 57 Waterloo Road, London, SE1 8WA, UK
| | - Xiduan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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7
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Martínez-Parra L, Piñol-Cancer M, Sanchez-Cano C, Miguel-Coello AB, Di Silvio D, Gomez AM, Uriel C, Plaza-García S, Gallego M, Pazos R, Groult H, Jeannin M, Geraki K, Fernández-Méndez L, Urkola-Arsuaga A, Sánchez-Guisado MJ, Carrillo-Romero J, Parak WJ, Prato M, Herranz F, Ruiz-Cabello J, Carregal-Romero S. A Comparative Study of Ultrasmall Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles for Targeting and Imaging Atherosclerotic Plaque. ACS NANO 2023; 17:13811-13825. [PMID: 37399106 PMCID: PMC10900527 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex disease that can lead to life-threatening events, such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Despite the severity of this disease, diagnosing plaque vulnerability remains challenging due to the lack of effective diagnostic tools. Conventional diagnostic protocols lack specificity and fail to predict the type of atherosclerotic lesion and the risk of plaque rupture. To address this issue, technologies are emerging, such as noninvasive medical imaging of atherosclerotic plaque with customized nanotechnological solutions. Modulating the biological interactions and contrast of nanoparticles in various imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging, is possible through the careful design of their physicochemical properties. However, few examples of comparative studies between nanoparticles targeting different hallmarks of atherosclerosis exist to provide information about the plaque development stage. Our work demonstrates that Gd (III)-doped amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles are an effective tool for these comparative studies due to their high magnetic resonance contrast and physicochemical properties. In an animal model of atherosclerosis, we compare the imaging performance of three types of nanoparticles: bare amorphous calcium carbonate and those functionalized with the ligands alendronate (for microcalcification targeting) and trimannose (for inflammation targeting). Our study provides useful insights into ligand-mediated targeted imaging of atherosclerosis through a combination of in vivo imaging, ex vivo tissue analysis, and in vitro targeting experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Martínez-Parra
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Marina Piñol-Cancer
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Sanchez-Cano
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, Donostia, 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Ana B Miguel-Coello
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
| | - Desirè Di Silvio
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
| | - Ana M Gomez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, IQOG-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Uriel
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, IQOG-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Plaza-García
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
| | - Marta Gallego
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
| | - Raquel Pazos
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
| | - Hugo Groult
- Biotechnologies et Chimie des Bioressources pour la Santé, Littoral Environment et Sociétés (LIENSs Laboratory), UMR CNRS 7266, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Marc Jeannin
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Ingénieur pour l'Environnement (LaSIE), UMR-CNRS 7536, La Rochelle Université, 7356 La Rochelle, France
| | - Kalotina Geraki
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Fernández-Méndez
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainhize Urkola-Arsuaga
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
| | - María Jesús Sánchez-Guisado
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juliana Carrillo-Romero
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
- Basque Res & Technol Alliance BRTA, GAIKER, Technol Ctr, 48170 Zamudio, Spain
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Fernando Herranz
- NanoMedMol, Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruiz-Cabello
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Carregal-Romero
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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Galindo CL, Khan S, Zhang X, Yeh YS, Liu Z, Razani B. Lipid-laden foam cells in the pathology of atherosclerosis: shedding light on new therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:1231-1245. [PMID: 38009300 PMCID: PMC10843715 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2288272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipid-laden foam cells within atherosclerotic plaques are key players in all phases of lesion development including its progression, necrotic core formation, fibrous cap thinning, and eventually plaque rupture. Manipulating foam cell biology is thus an attractive therapeutic strategy at early, middle, and even late stages of atherosclerosis. Traditional therapies have focused on prevention, especially lowering plasma lipid levels. Despite these interventions, atherosclerosis remains a major cause of cardiovascular disease, responsible for the largest numbers of death worldwide. AREAS COVERED Foam cells within atherosclerotic plaques are comprised of macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, and other cell types which are exposed to high concentrations of lipoproteins accumulating within the subendothelial intimal layer. Macrophage-derived foam cells are particularly well studied and have provided important insights into lipid metabolism and atherogenesis. The contributions of foam cell-based processes are discussed with an emphasis on areas of therapeutic potential and directions for drug development. EXERT OPINION As key players in atherosclerosis, foam cells are attractive targets for developing more specific, targeted therapies aimed at resolving atherosclerotic plaques. Recent advances in our understanding of lipid handling within these cells provide insights into how they might be manipulated and clinically translated to better treat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristi L. Galindo
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Saifur Khan
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yu-Sheng Yeh
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ziyang Liu
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Babak Razani
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
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9
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Rani A, Marsche G. A Current Update on the Role of HDL-Based Nanomedicine in Targeting Macrophages in Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051504. [PMID: 37242746 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are complex endogenous nanoparticles involved in important functions such as reverse cholesterol transport and immunomodulatory activities, ensuring metabolic homeostasis and vascular health. The ability of HDL to interact with a plethora of immune cells and structural cells places it in the center of numerous disease pathophysiologies. However, inflammatory dysregulation can lead to pathogenic remodeling and post-translational modification of HDL, rendering HDL dysfunctional or even pro-inflammatory. Monocytes and macrophages play a critical role in mediating vascular inflammation, such as in coronary artery disease (CAD). The fact that HDL nanoparticles have potent anti-inflammatory effects on mononuclear phagocytes has opened new avenues for the development of nanotherapeutics to restore vascular integrity. HDL infusion therapies are being developed to improve the physiological functions of HDL and to quantitatively restore or increase the native HDL pool. The components and design of HDL-based nanoparticles have evolved significantly since their initial introduction with highly anticipated results in an ongoing phase III clinical trial in subjects with acute coronary syndrome. The understanding of mechanisms involved in HDL-based synthetic nanotherapeutics is critical to their design, therapeutic potential and effectiveness. In this review, we provide a current update on HDL-ApoA-I mimetic nanotherapeutics, highlighting the scope of treating vascular diseases by targeting monocytes and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alankrita Rani
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Yin D, Li M, Xiang P. Mapping research performance and hotspots on nanoparticles in cardiovascular diseases. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33520. [PMID: 37058013 PMCID: PMC10101270 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles have broad prospects and profound academic significance in cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to comprehensively summarize the global scientific achievements of nanoparticles in cardiovascular diseases research. Articles on the application of nanoparticles in cardiovascular diseases published from 2002 to 2021 were retrieved from the science citation index expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection, and knowledge maps were generated by Cite Space, VOS viewer, and Hist Cite for further bibliometric analysis. A total of 4321 records were retrieved, and only reviews and articles were retained with a total of 4258 studies. The number of publications on nanoparticles in the cardiovascular field has steadily increased from 2002 to 2021. China and the US contribute the most to this field, producing nearly all the most influential authors and institutions in the top 10 list. The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Harvard University have obtained many high-quality research results. Targeted drug delivery via nanoparticles, myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis are research hotspots. This is the first time to analyze the application of nanoparticles in the cardiovascular field by using multiple bibliometric software. This study provides evidence for researchers to understand the hotspots and directions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yin
- Department of Ultrasound, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Mi Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
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11
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Hsu JC, Tang Z, Eremina OE, Sofias AM, Lammers T, Lovell JF, Zavaleta C, Cai W, Cormode DP. Nanomaterial-based contrast agents. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2023; 3:30. [PMID: 38130699 PMCID: PMC10732545 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-023-00211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Medical imaging, which empowers the detection of physiological and pathological processes within living subjects, has a vital role in both preclinical and clinical diagnostics. Contrast agents are often needed to accompany anatomical data with functional information or to provide phenotyping of the disease in question. Many newly emerging contrast agents are based on nanomaterials as their high payloads, unique physicochemical properties, improved sensitivity and multimodality capacity are highly desired for many advanced forms of bioimaging techniques and applications. Here, we review the developments in the field of nanomaterial-based contrast agents. We outline important nanomaterial design considerations and discuss the effect on their physicochemical attributes, contrast properties and biological behaviour. We also describe commonly used approaches for formulating, functionalizing and characterizing these nanomaterials. Key applications are highlighted by categorizing nanomaterials on the basis of their X-ray, magnetic, nuclear, optical and/or photoacoustic contrast properties. Finally, we offer our perspectives on current challenges and emerging research topics as well as expectations for future advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Hsu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zhongmin Tang
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Olga E. Eremina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexandros Marios Sofias
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jonathan F. Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Cristina Zavaleta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David P. Cormode
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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12
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Jan N, Madni A, Khan S, Shah H, Akram F, Khan A, Ertas D, Bostanudin MF, Contag CH, Ashammakhi N, Ertas YN. Biomimetic cell membrane-coated poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10441. [PMID: 36925703 PMCID: PMC10013795 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) are commonly used for drug delivery because of their favored biocompatibility and suitability for sustained and controlled drug release. To prolong NP circulation time, enable target-specific drug delivery and overcome physiological barriers, NPs camouflaged in cell membranes have been developed and evaluated to improve drug delivery. Here, we discuss recent advances in cell membrane-coated PLGA NPs, their preparation methods, and their application to cancer therapy, management of inflammation, treatment of cardiovascular disease and control of infection. We address the current challenges and highlight future research directions needed for effective use of cell membrane-camouflaged NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrullah Jan
- Akson College of PharmacyMirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)MirpurPakistan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of PharmacyThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan
| | - Asadullah Madni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of PharmacyThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan
| | - Safiullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of PharmacyThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan
| | - Hassan Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of PharmacyThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan
| | - Faizan Akram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of PharmacyThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan
| | - Arshad Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of PharmacyThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan
| | - Derya Ertas
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
| | - Mohammad F. Bostanudin
- College of PharmacyAl Ain UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research CenterAl Ain UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Christopher H. Contag
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
- ERNAM–Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
- UNAM–National Nanotechnology Research CenterBilkent UniversityAnkaraTurkey
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13
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Zhang X, Misra SK, Moitra P, Zhang X, Jeong SJ, Stitham J, Rodriguez-Velez A, Park A, Yeh YS, Gillanders WE, Fan D, Diwan A, Cho J, Epelman S, Lodhi IJ, Pan D, Razani B. Use of acidic nanoparticles to rescue macrophage lysosomal dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Autophagy 2023; 19:886-903. [PMID: 35982578 PMCID: PMC9980706 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2108252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction in the macrophage lysosomal system including reduced acidity and diminished degradative capacity is a hallmark of atherosclerosis, leading to blunted clearance of excess cellular debris and lipids in plaques and contributing to lesion progression. Devising strategies to rescue this macrophage lysosomal dysfunction is a novel therapeutic measure. Nanoparticles have emerged as an effective platform to both target specific tissues and serve as drug delivery vehicles. In most cases, administered nanoparticles are taken up non-selectively by the mononuclear phagocyte system including monocytes/macrophages leading to the undesirable degradation of cargo in lysosomes. We took advantage of this default route to target macrophage lysosomes to rectify their acidity in disease states such as atherosclerosis. Herein, we develop and test two commonly used acidic nanoparticles, poly-lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and polylactic acid (PLA), both in vitro and in vivo. Our results in cultured macrophages indicate that the PLGA-based nanoparticles are the most effective at trafficking to and enhancing acidification of lysosomes. PLGA nanoparticles also provide functional benefits including enhanced lysosomal degradation, promotion of macroautophagy/autophagy and protein aggregate removal, and reduced apoptosis and inflammasome activation. We demonstrate the utility of this system in vivo, showing nanoparticle accumulation in, and lysosomal acidification of, macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques. Long-term administration of PLGA nanoparticles results in significant reductions in surrogates of plaque complexity with reduced apoptosis, necrotic core formation, and cytotoxic protein aggregates and increased fibrous cap formation. Taken together, our data support the use of acidic nanoparticles to rescue macrophage lysosomal dysfunction in the treatment of atherosclerosis.Abbreviations: BCA: brachiocephalic arteries; FACS: fluorescence activated cell sorting; FITC: fluorescein-5-isothiocyanatel; IL1B: interleukin 1 beta; LAMP: lysosomal associated membrane protein; LIPA/LAL: lipase A, lysosomal acid type; LSDs: lysosomal storage disorders; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MFI: mean fluorescence intensity; MPS: mononuclear phagocyte system; PEGHDE: polyethylene glycol hexadecyl ether; PLA: polylactic acid; PLGA: poly-lactide-co-glycolic acid; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar Misra
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine and Pediatrics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, USA
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeremiah Stitham
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Arick Park
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yu-Sheng Yeh
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- John Cochran Division, VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jaehyung Cho
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Slava Epelman
- Peter Munk Cardiac Center, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irfan J. Lodhi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine and Pediatrics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, USA
| | - Babak Razani
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- John Cochran Division, VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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14
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Yang TM, Miao M, Yu WQ, Wang X, Xia FJ, Li YJ, Guo SD. Targeting macrophages in atherosclerosis using nanocarriers loaded with liver X receptor agonists: A narrow review. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1147699. [PMID: 36936982 PMCID: PMC10018149 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1147699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are involved in the whole process of atherosclerosis, which is characterized by accumulation of lipid and inflammation. Presently, clinically used lipid-lowering drugs cannot completely retard the progress of atherosclerosis. Liver X receptor (LXR) plays a key role in regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammation. Accumulating evidence have demonstrated that synthetic LXR agonists can significantly retard the development of atherosclerosis. However, these agonists induce sever hypertriglyceridemia and liver steatosis. These side effects have greatly limited their potential application for therapy of atherosclerosis. The rapid development of drug delivery system makes it possible to delivery interested drugs to special organs or cells using nanocarriers. Macrophages express various receptors which can recognize and ingest specially modified nanocarriers loaded with LXR agonists. In the past decades, a great progress has been made in this field. These macrophage-targeted nanocarriers loaded with LXR agonists are found to decrease atherosclerosis by reducing cholesterol accumulation and inflammatory reactions. Of important, these nanocarriers can alleviate side effects of LXR agonists. In this article, we briefly review the roles of macrophages in atherosclerosis, mechanisms of action of LXR agonists, and focus on the advances of macrophage-targeted nanocarriers loaded with LXR agonists. This work may promote the potential clinical application of these nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yan-Jie Li
- *Correspondence: Yan-Jie Li, ; Shou-Dong Guo,
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15
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Alzola-Aldamizetxebarria S, Fernández-Méndez L, Padro D, Ruíz-Cabello J, Ramos-Cabrer P. A Comprehensive Introduction to Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxometry and Contrast Agents. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:36905-36917. [PMID: 36312407 PMCID: PMC9609087 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of imaging technologies allowing noninvasive observation through solid bodies has represented a breakthrough in medical diagnosis, facilitating the comprehension of biomolecular events underlying disease and the development of more efficient therapeutic approaches. Some of the traditional limitations of these techniques are nowadays fading away thanks to the combination of imaging with nanotechnology, allowing the development of novel functional biomaterials that increase the sensitivity of detection, enable sensitivity to specific targets, and facilitate the combination of therapeutic and diagnostic functions (theragnosis) with molecular platforms functioning simultaneously as imaging probes and drug delivery carriers. The design of such functional biomaterials requires a comprehensive understanding of the principles that govern the generation of signal and modulation of contrast for a given imaging modality to exploit its capabilities to the maximal level. In this sense, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technique that presents a complex relationship between the detected signal and the physical-chemical properties of its sourcing matter, allowing the generation of multiple image contrasts. Thus, while magnetic resonance imaging is a highly versatile imaging modality, it requires specific knowledge of its physical principles to take advantage of all of its possibilities. This work reviews the origin of the image signal and contrast in MRI and the concepts of relaxometry and MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Alzola-Aldamizetxebarria
- Center for Cooperative
Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Laura Fernández-Méndez
- Center for Cooperative
Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Daniel Padro
- Center for Cooperative
Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruíz-Cabello
- Center for Cooperative
Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias
Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense
de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- Center for Cooperative
Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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16
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Hetherington I, Totary-Jain H. Anti-atherosclerotic therapies: Milestones, challenges, and emerging innovations. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3106-3117. [PMID: 36065464 PMCID: PMC9552812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main underlying pathology for many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are the leading cause of death globally and represent a serious health crisis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic condition that can lead to myocardial infarction, ischemic cardiomyopathy, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Elevated plasma lipids, hypertension, and high glucose are the major risk factors for developing atherosclerotic plaques. To date, most pharmacological therapies aim to control these risk factors, but they do not target the plaque-causing cells themselves. In patients with acute coronary syndromes, surgical revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention has greatly reduced mortality rates. However, stent thrombosis and neo-atherosclerosis have emerged as major safety concerns of drug eluting stents due to delayed re-endothelialization. This review summarizes the major milestones, strengths, and limitations of current anti-atherosclerotic therapies. It provides an overview of the recent discoveries and emerging game-changing technologies in the fields of nanomedicine, mRNA therapeutics, and gene editing that have the potential to revolutionize CVD clinical practice by steering it toward precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Hetherington
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC08, 2170, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Hana Totary-Jain
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC08, 2170, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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17
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Gao J, Li Z, Li J, Song P, Yang J, Xiao W, Li N, Xu R. Peptide-Based HDL as an Effective Delivery System for Lipophilic Drugs to Restrain Atherosclerosis Development. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:3877-3892. [PMID: 36097444 PMCID: PMC9464027 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s374736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Peptide-based high-density lipoprotein (pHDL) structurally and functionally resembles the natural HDL as anti-atherosclerosis (AS) therapies. Since pHDL contains a large hydrophobic core, this study aims to evaluate the potentials of pHDL as a hydrophobic drug carrier and the efficiency of drug-loaded pHDL in the control of AS. Methods The pHDL encapsulation of hydrophobic components from natural plants, including curcumin (Cur) and tanshinone IIA (TanIIA), was achieved using one-step microfluidics. Then, morphological features and loading efficiencies of pHDL-Cur and pHDL-TanIIA were determined by TEM and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. Taking the fluorescence advantage of Cur, localizations of loaded Cur in pHDL were investigated by fluorescence quenchers, and recruitments of Cur to AS plaques were assessed with ex vivo imaging. Based on anti-inflammatory properties of TanIIA, pHDL-TanIIA was accordingly developed to evaluate the anti-AS effects through examinations of plasma lipid parameters and pathological alterations of plaque-associated regions. Results Both lipophilic Cur and TanIIA can be efficiently loaded into pHDL carriers. The resultant pHDL-Cur and pHDL-TanIIA inherit the homogeneous nano-disk structure of pHDL. By using pHDL-Cur, the encapsulated hydrophobics are tracked in the core of pHDL, and incorporations of Cur with pHDL vehicles greatly improve the bioavailability and association of Cur with AS plaques. Moreover, when loaded with TanIIA, which has established its role in anti-AS as an anti-inflammatory candidate, synergistic effects in reducing AS lesions and improving pathological alterations of main organs related to AS were achieved. Conclusion The pHDL system could potentially be applied for both imaging and therapy in animal models of AS. Benefits of pHDL-based drug delivery will potentially extend the application scenarios of bioactive chemicals from natural plants which are underutilized due to features like low bioavailability and facilitate the clinical translation of synthetic HDL therapies in HDL-associated disorders, including but not limited to AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyun Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Nephropathy, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Dermatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruodan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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18
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Rajan R, Pal K, Jayadev D, Jayan JS, U A, Appukuttan S, de Souza FG, Joseph K, Kumar SS. Polymeric Nanoparticles in Hybrid Catalytic Processing and Drug Delivery System. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Cyclodextrin boostered-high density lipoprotein for antiatherosclerosis by regulating cholesterol efflux and efferocytosis. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 292:119632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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20
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Mehta S, Bongcaron V, Nguyen TK, Jirwanka Y, Maluenda A, Walsh APG, Palasubramaniam J, Hulett MD, Srivastava R, Bobik A, Wang X, Peter K. An Ultrasound-Responsive Theranostic Cyclodextrin-Loaded Nanoparticle for Multimodal Imaging and Therapy for Atherosclerosis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200967. [PMID: 35710979 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Left undiagnosed and untreated, atherosclerotic plaques can rupture and cause cardiovascular complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Atherosclerotic plaques are composed of lipids, including oxidized low-density lipoproteins and cholesterol crystals, and immune cells, including macrophages. 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CD) is FDA-approved for capturing, solubilizing, and delivering lipophilic drugs in humans. It is also known to dissolve cholesterol crystals and decrease atherosclerotic plaque size. However, its low retention time necessitates high dosages for successful therapy. This study reports CD delivery via air-trapped polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles (with diameters of 388 ± 34 nm) loaded with CD (CDNPs). The multimodal contrast ability of these nanoparticles after being loaded with IR780 dye in mice is demonstrated using ultrasound and near-infrared imaging. It is shown that CDNPs enhance the cellular uptake of CD in murine cells. In an ApoE-/- mouse model of atherosclerosis, treatment with CDNPs significantly improves the anti-atherosclerotic efficacy of CD. Ultrasound triggering further improves CD uptake, highlighting that CDNPs can be used for ultrasound imaging and ultrasound-responsive CD delivery. Thus, CDNPs represent a theranostic nanocarrier for potential application in patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Mehta
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, India
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay - Monash Research Academy, Powai, 400076, India
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Viktoria Bongcaron
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Tien K Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Yugandhara Jirwanka
- Toxicology Division, National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, 400012, India
| | - Ana Maluenda
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Aidan P G Walsh
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Jathushan Palasubramaniam
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Mark D Hulett
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, India
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay - Monash Research Academy, Powai, 400076, India
| | - Alex Bobik
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
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21
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Hong K, Yu M, Crowther J, Mei L, Olsen K, Luo Y, Chen YE, Guo Y, Schwendeman A. Effect of Lipid Composition on the Atheroprotective Properties of HDL-Mimicking Micelles. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081570. [PMID: 36015196 PMCID: PMC9415476 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis progression is driven by an imbalance of cholesterol and unresolved local inflammation in the arteries. The administration of recombinant apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)-based high-density lipoprotein (HDL) nanoparticles has been used to reduce the size of atheroma and rescue inflammatory response in clinical studies. Because of the difficulty in producing large quantities of recombinant ApoA-I, here, we describe the preparation of phospholipid-based, ApoA-I-free micelles that structurally and functionally resemble HDL nanoparticles. Micelles were prepared using various phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids combined with 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[azido(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG2k) to form nanoparticles of 15-30 nm in diameter. The impacts of PC composition and PEGylation on the anti-inflammatory activity, cholesterol efflux capacity, and cholesterol crystal dissolution potential of micelles were investigated in vitro. The effects of micelle composition on pharmacokinetics and cholesterol mobilization ability were evaluated in vivo in Sprague Dawley rats. The study shows that the composition of HDL-mimicking micelles impacts their overall atheroprotective properties and supports further investigation of micelles as a therapeutic for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.H.); (M.Y.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Minzhi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.H.); (M.Y.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Julia Crowther
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.H.); (M.Y.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Ling Mei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.H.); (M.Y.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Karl Olsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.H.); (M.Y.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Yonghong Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.L.); (Y.E.C.)
| | - Yuqing Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.L.); (Y.E.C.)
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.L.); (Y.E.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.H.); (M.Y.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (A.S.)
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22
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Effect of Chemically Modified Carbon-Coated Iron Nanoparticles on the Structure of Human Atherosclerotic Plaques Ex Vivo and on Adipose Tissue in Chronic Experiment In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158241. [PMID: 35897812 PMCID: PMC9331237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate caused by atherosclerosis makes it necessary to constantly search for new and better treatments. In previous reports, chemically modified carbon-coated iron nanoparticles (Fe@C NPs) have been demonstrated a high biocompatibility and promising anti-plaque properties. To further investigate these effects, the interaction of these nanoparticles with the adipose tissue of Wistar rats (in vivo) and human atherosclerotic plaques (ex vivo) was studied. For the in vivo study, cobalt-chromium (CoCr) alloy tubes, which are used for coronary stent manufacturing, were prepared with a coating of polylactic acid (PLA) which contained either modified or non-modified Fe@C NPs in a 5% by weight concentration. The tubes were implanted into an area of subcutaneous fat in Wistar rats, where changes in the histological structure and functional properties of the surrounding tissue were observed in the case of coatings modified with Fe@C NPs. For the ex vivo study, freshly explanted human atherosclerotic plaques were treated in the physiological solution with doses of modified Fe@C NPs, with mass equal to 5% or 25% relative to the plaques. This treatment resulted in the release of cholesterol-like compounds from the surface of the plaques into the solution, thus proving a pronounced destructive effect on the plaque structure. Chemically modified Fe@C NPs, when used as an anti-atherosclerosis agent, were able to activate the activity of macrophages, which could lead to the destruction of atherosclerotic plaques structures. These findings could prove the fabrication of next-generation vascular stents with built-in anti-atherosclerotic agents.
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23
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Wang W, Ma P, Zhao Q, Goorani S. Beneficial properties of the biosynthesized silver/chitosan nanoparticles mediated by Mentha piperita in rats with heart failure following myocardial infarction. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Bhargava S, de la Puente-Secades S, Schurgers L, Jankowski J. Lipids and lipoproteins in cardiovascular diseases: a classification. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:409-423. [PMID: 35370062 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipids and lipoproteins, their metabolism, and their transport are essential contributing factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) as they regulate plasma cholesterol concentration, enhancing cholesterol uptake by macrophages, leading to foam cell formation and ultimately resulting in plaque formation and inflammation. However, lipids and lipoproteins have cardioprotective functions as well, such as preventing oxidation of proatherogenic molecules and downregulating inflammatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Bhargava
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Experimental Vascular Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sofia de la Puente-Secades
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Experimental Vascular Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Leon Schurgers
- Experimental Vascular Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Experimental Vascular Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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25
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Huang C, Huang W, Zhang L, Zhang C, Zhou C, Wei W, Li Y, Zhou Q, Chen W, Tang Y. Targeting Peptide, Fluorescent Reagent Modified Magnetic Liposomes Coated with Rapamycin Target Early Atherosclerotic Plaque and Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051083. [PMID: 35631669 PMCID: PMC9146689 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Its therapy requires research in several areas, such as diagnosis of early arteriosclerosis, improvement of the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of rapamycin as its therapeutic agents. Here, we used the targeting peptide VHPKQHR (VHP) (or fluorescent reagent) to modify the phospholipid molecules to target vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and loaded ultrasmall paramagnetic iron oxide (USPIO/Fe3O4) plus rapamycin (Rap) to Rap/Fe3O4@VHP-Lipo (VHPKQHR-modified magnetic liposomes coated with Rap). This nanoparticle can be used for both the diagnosis and therapy of early atherosclerosis. We designed both an ex vivo system with mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) and an in vivo system with ApoE knockout mice to test the labeling and delivering potential of Rap/Fe3O4@VHP-Lipo with fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry and MRI. Our results of MRI imaging and fluorescence imaging showed that the T2 relaxation time of the Rap/Fe3O4@VHP-Lipo group was reduced by 2.7 times and 1.5 times, and the fluorescence intensity increased by 3.4 times and 2.5 times, respectively, compared with the normal saline group and the control liposome treatment group. It showed that Rap/Fe3O4@VHP-Lipo realized the diagnosis of early AS. Additionally, our results showed that, compared with the normal saline and control liposomes treatment group, the aortic fluorescence intensity of the Rap/Fe3O4@VHP-Lipo treatment group was significantly weaker, and the T2 relaxation time was prolonged by 8.9 times and 2.0 times, indicating that the targeted diagnostic agent detected the least plaques in the Rap/Fe3O4@VHP-Lipo treatment group. Based on our results, the synthesized theragnostic Rap/Fe3O4@VHP-Lipo serves as a great label for both MRI and fluorescence bimodal imaging of atherosclerosis. It also has therapeutic effects for the early treatment of atherosclerosis, and it has great potential for early diagnosis and can achieve the same level of therapy with a lower dose of Rap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, China;
| | - Wentao Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (W.H.); (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Lifen Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (W.H.); (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (W.H.); (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chengqian Zhou
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Hugo Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Wei Wei
- Institution of Guang Dong Cord Blood Bank, Guangzhou 510700, China; (W.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Institution of Guang Dong Cord Blood Bank, Guangzhou 510700, China; (W.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Wenli Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (W.H.); (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yukuan Tang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (Y.T.)
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26
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Dehghankelishadi P, Maritz MF, Dmochowska N, Badiee P, Cheah E, Kempson I, Berbeco RI, Thierry B. Formulation of simvastatin within high density lipoprotein enables potent tumour radiosensitisation. J Control Release 2022; 346:98-109. [PMID: 35447296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical, clinical and epidemiologic studies have established the potent anticancer and radiosensitisation effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins). However, the low bioavailability of oral statin formulations is a key barrier to achieving effective doses within tumour. To address this issue and ascertain the radiosensitisation potential of simvastatin, we developed a parenteral high density lipoprotein nanoparticle (HDL NP) formulation of this commonly used statin. A scalable method for the preparation of the simvastatin-HDL NPs was developed using a 3D printed microfluidic mixer. This enables the production of litre scale amounts of particles with minimal batch to batch variation. Simvastatin-HDL NPs enhanced the radiobiological response in 2D/3D head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in vitro models. The simvastatin-HDL NPs radiosensitisation was comparable to that of 10 and 5 times higher doses of free drug in 2D and 3D cultures, respectively, which could be partially explained by more efficient cellular uptake of the statin in the nanoformulation as well as by the inherent biological activity of the HDL NPs on the cholesterol pathway. The radiosensitising potency of the simvastatin-HDL nanoformulation was validated in an immunocompetent MOC-1 HNSCC tumour bearing mouse model. This data supports the rationale of repurposing statins through reformulation within HDL NPs. Statins are safe and readily available molecules including as generic, and their use as radiosensitisers could lead to much needed effective and affordable approaches to improve treatment of solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Dehghankelishadi
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, City West Campus, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Michelle F Maritz
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Nicole Dmochowska
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Parisa Badiee
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, City West Campus, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Edward Cheah
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, City West Campus, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Ivan Kempson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Ross I Berbeco
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin Thierry
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
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27
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Simultaneous Noninvasive Detection and Therapy of Atherosclerosis Using HDL Coated Gold Nanorods. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030577. [PMID: 35328130 PMCID: PMC8947645 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. A real need exists in the development of new, improved therapeutic methods for treating CVD, while major advances in nanotechnology have opened new avenues in this field. In this paper, we report the use of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) coated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (GNP-HDL) for the simultaneous detection and therapy of unstable plaques. Based on the well-known HDL cardiovascular protection, by promoting the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), injured rat carotids, as a model for unstable plaques, were injected with the GNP-HDL. Noninvasive detection of the plaques 24 h post the GNP injection was enabled using the diffusion reflection (DR) method, indicating that the GNP-HDL particles had accumulated in the injured site. Pathology and noninvasive CT measurements proved the recovery of the injured artery treated with the GNP-HDL. The DR of the GNP-HDL presented a simple and highly sensitive method at a low cost, resulting in simultaneous specific unstable plaque diagnosis and recovery.
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28
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Liu H, Pietersz G, Peter K, Wang X. Nanobiotechnology approaches for cardiovascular diseases: site-specific targeting of drugs and nanoparticles for atherothrombosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:75. [PMID: 35135581 PMCID: PMC8822797 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01279-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis, the major contributors to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), represent the leading cause of death worldwide. Current pharmacological therapies have been associated with side effects or are insufficient at halting atherosclerotic progression effectively. Pioneering work harnessing the passive diffusion or endocytosis properties of nanoparticles and advanced biotechnologies in creating recombinant proteins for site-specific delivery have been utilized to overcome these limitations. Since CVDs are complex diseases, the most challenging aspect of developing site-specific therapies is the identification of an individual and unique antigenic epitope that is only expressed in lesions or diseased areas. This review focuses on the pathological mechanism of atherothrombosis and discusses the unique targets that are important during disease progression. We review recent advances in site-specific therapy using novel targeted drug-delivery and nanoparticle-carrier systems. Furthermore, we explore the limitations and future perspectives of site-specific therapy for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikun Liu
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Pietersz
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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29
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Hossaini Nasr S, Huang X. Nanotechnology for Targeted Therapy of Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:755569. [PMID: 34867370 PMCID: PMC8633109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.755569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the major cause of heart attack and stroke that are the leading causes of death in the world. Nanomedicine is a powerful tool that can be engineered to target atherosclerotic plaques for therapeutic and diagnosis purposes. In this review, advances in designing nanoparticles with therapeutic effects on atherosclerotic plaques known as atheroprotective nanomedicine have been summarized to stimulate further development and future translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedmehdi Hossaini Nasr
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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30
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De Negri Atanasio G, Ferrari PF, Campardelli R, Perego P, Palombo D. Innovative nanotools for vascular drug delivery: the atherosclerosis case study. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8558-8568. [PMID: 34609399 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01071a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in the Western world. Among them, atherosclerosis represents one of the most common diseases in the modern society due to a common sedentary lifestyle, high-fat diet, and smoking. In the near future, a new approach could potentially improve the therapy of vascular pathologies, where to date the non-specific treatments present several limitations, such as poor biodistribution, quick elimination from the body, and undesired side-effects. In this field, nanotechnology has a great potential for the therapy and diagnosis of atherosclerosis with more and more recent and innovative publications. This review is a critical analysis of the results reported in the literature regarding the different and possible new approaches for the therapy and diagnosis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia De Negri Atanasio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, via Leon Battista Alberti, 2, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Pier Francesco Ferrari
- Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberta Campardelli
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, via Opera Pia, 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Perego
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, via Opera Pia, 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy. .,Research Center for Biologically Inspired Engineering in Vascular Medicine and Longevity, University of Genoa, via Montallegro, 1, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Palombo
- Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,Research Center for Biologically Inspired Engineering in Vascular Medicine and Longevity, University of Genoa, via Montallegro, 1, 16145 Genoa, Italy.,Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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31
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Tammam SN, El Safy S, Ramadan S, Arjune S, Krakor E, Mathur S. Repurpose but also (nano)-reformulate! The potential role of nanomedicine in the battle against SARS-CoV2. J Control Release 2021; 337:258-284. [PMID: 34293319 PMCID: PMC8289726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has taken the world by surprise. To date, a worldwide approved treatment remains lacking and hence in the context of rapid viral spread and the growing need for rapid action, drug repurposing has emerged as one of the frontline strategies in the battle against SARS-CoV2. Repurposed drugs currently being evaluated against COVID-19 either tackle the replication and spread of SARS-CoV2 or they aim at controlling hyper-inflammation and the rampaged immune response in severe disease. In both cases, the target for such drugs resides in the lungs, at least during the period where treatment could still provide substantial clinical benefit to the patient. Yet, most of these drugs are administered systemically, questioning the percentage of administered drug that actually reaches the lung and as a consequence, the distribution of the remainder of the dose to off target sites. Inhalation therapy should allow higher concentrations of the drug in the lungs and lower concentrations systemically, hence providing a stronger, more localized action, with reduced adverse effects. Therefore, the nano-reformulation of the repurposed drugs for inhalation is a promising approach for targeted drug delivery to lungs. In this review, we critically analyze, what nanomedicine could and ought to do in the battle against SARS-CoV2. We start by a brief description of SARS-CoV2 structure and pathogenicity and move on to discuss the current limitations of repurposed antiviral and immune-modulating drugs that are being clinically investigated against COVID-19. This account focuses on how nanomedicine could address limitations of current therapeutics, enhancing the efficacy, specificity and safety of such drugs. With the appearance of new variants of SARS-CoV2 and the potential implication on the efficacy of vaccines and diagnostics, the presence of an effective therapeutic solution is inevitable and could be potentially achieved via nano-reformulation. The presence of an inhaled nano-platform capable of delivering antiviral or immunomodulatory drugs should be available as part of the repertoire in the fight against current and future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma N. Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt,Corresponding author
| | - Sara El Safy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahenda Ramadan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sita Arjune
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Krakor
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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Nanocarriers as a Tool for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081321. [PMID: 34452282 PMCID: PMC8399070 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a promising tool for the treatment of cancer. In the past decades, major steps have been made to bring nanotechnology into the clinic in the form of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. The great hope of drug delivery systems is to reduce the side effects of chemotherapeutics while simultaneously increasing the efficiency of the therapy. An increased treatment efficiency would greatly benefit the quality of life as well as the life expectancy of cancer patients. However, besides its many advantages, nanomedicines have to face several challenges and hurdles before they can be used for the effective treatment of tumors. Here, we give an overview of the hallmarks of cancer, especially colorectal cancer, and discuss biological barriers as well as how drug delivery systems can be utilized for the effective treatment of tumors and metastases.
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MacRitchie N, Di Francesco V, Ferreira MFMM, Guzik TJ, Decuzzi P, Maffia P. Nanoparticle theranostics in cardiovascular inflammation. Semin Immunol 2021; 56:101536. [PMID: 34862118 PMCID: PMC8811479 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Theranostics, literally derived from the combination of the words diagnostics and therapy, is an emerging field of clinical and preclinical research, where contrast agents, drugs and diagnostic techniques are combined to simultaneously diagnose and treat pathologies. Nanoparticles are extensively employed in theranostics due to their potential to target specific organs and their multifunctional capacity. In this review, we will discuss the current state of theranostic nanomedicine, providing key examples of its application in the imaging and treatment of cardiovascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil MacRitchie
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - Valentina Di Francesco
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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He H, Hong K, Liu L, Schwendeman A. Artificial high-density lipoprotein-mimicking nanotherapeutics for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 13:e1737. [PMID: 34263549 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the ability of current efficacious low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol-lowering therapies to reduce total cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks, CVD still poses major risks for morbidity and mortality to the general population. Because of the pleiotropic endothelial protective effects of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), the direct infusion of reconstituted HDL (rHDL) products, including MDCO-216, CER001, and CSL112, have been tested in clinical trials to determine whether direct infusion of rHDL can reduce coronary events in CVD patients. In addition to these rHDL products, in the past two decades, there has been an increased focused on designing artificial HDL-mimicking nanotherapeutics to produce complementary therapeutic strategies for CVD patients beyond lowering of atherogenic lipoproteins. Although recent reviews have comprehensively discussed the developments of artificial HDL-mimicking nanoparticles as therapeutics for CVD, there has been little assessment of "plain" or "drug-free" HDL-mimicking nanoparticles as therapeutics alone. In this review, we will summarize the clinical outcomes of rHDL products, examine recent advances in other types of artificial HDL-mimicking nanotherapeutics, including polymeric nanoparticles, cyclodextrins, micelles, metal nanoparticles, and so on; and potential new approaches for future CVD interventions. Moreover, success stories, lessons, and interpretations of the utility and functionality of these HDL-mimicking nanotherapeutics will be an integral part of this article. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering and Collaborative, Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kristen Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lisha Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for R&D and Evaluation of Intelligent Drugs and Key Functional Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Akhmedov S, Afanasyev S, Trusova M, Postnikov P, Rogovskaya Y, Grakova E, Kopeva K, Carreon Paz RK, Balakin S, Wiesmann HP, Opitz J, Kruppke B, Beshchasna N, Popov S. Chemically Modified Biomimetic Carbon-Coated Iron Nanoparticles for Stent Coatings: In Vitro Cytocompatibility and In Vivo Structural Changes in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070802. [PMID: 34356866 PMCID: PMC8301308 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a systematic degenerative disease related to the buildup of plaques in human vessels, remains the major cause of morbidity in the field of cardiovascular health problems, which are the number one cause of death globally. Novel atheroprotective HDL-mimicking chemically modified carbon-coated iron nanoparticles (Fe@C NPs) were produced by gas-phase synthesis and modified with organic functional groups of a lipophilic nature. Modified and non-modified Fe@C NPs, immobilized with polycaprolactone on stainless steel, showed high cytocompatibility in human endothelial cell culture. Furthermore, after ex vivo treatment of native atherosclerotic plaques obtained during open carotid endarterectomy surgery, Fe@C NPs penetrated the inner structures and caused structural changes of atherosclerotic plaques, depending on the period of implantation in Wistar rats, serving as a natural bioreactor. The high biocompatibility of the Fe@C NPs shows great potential in the treatment of atherosclerosis disease as an active substance of stent coatings to prevent restenosis and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamil Akhmedov
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia; (S.A.); (Y.R.); (E.G.); (K.K.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.T.); (N.B.); Tel.: +7-3822-558142 (S.A.); +7-9069-583171 (T.M.); +49-351-88815619 (N.B.)
| | - Sergey Afanasyev
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia; (S.A.); (Y.R.); (E.G.); (K.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Marina Trusova
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.T.); (N.B.); Tel.: +7-3822-558142 (S.A.); +7-9069-583171 (T.M.); +49-351-88815619 (N.B.)
| | - Pavel Postnikov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Yulia Rogovskaya
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia; (S.A.); (Y.R.); (E.G.); (K.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Elena Grakova
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia; (S.A.); (Y.R.); (E.G.); (K.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Kristina Kopeva
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia; (S.A.); (Y.R.); (E.G.); (K.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Rosa Karen Carreon Paz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, 01109 Dresden, Germany; (R.K.C.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Sascha Balakin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, 01109 Dresden, Germany; (R.K.C.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Hans-Peter Wiesmann
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (H.-P.W.); (B.K.)
| | - Joerg Opitz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, 01109 Dresden, Germany; (R.K.C.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Benjamin Kruppke
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (H.-P.W.); (B.K.)
| | - Natalia Beshchasna
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, 01109 Dresden, Germany; (R.K.C.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.T.); (N.B.); Tel.: +7-3822-558142 (S.A.); +7-9069-583171 (T.M.); +49-351-88815619 (N.B.)
| | - Sergey Popov
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia; (S.A.); (Y.R.); (E.G.); (K.K.); (S.P.)
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Schrijver DP, Dreu A, Hofstraat SRJ, Kluza E, Zwolsman R, Deckers J, Anbergen T, Bruin K, Trines MM, Nugraha EG, Ummels F, Röring RJ, Beldman TJ, Teunissen AJP, Fayad ZA, Meel R, Mulder WJM. Nanoengineering Apolipoprotein A1‐Based Immunotherapeutics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David P. Schrijver
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Anne Dreu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Stijn R. J. Hofstraat
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Ewelina Kluza
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Robby Zwolsman
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Deckers
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Tom Anbergen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Koen Bruin
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Mirre M. Trines
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Eveline G. Nugraha
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Floor Ummels
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Rutger J. Röring
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious diseases (RCI) Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center Nijmegen 6525 GA The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J. Beldman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious diseases (RCI) Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center Nijmegen 6525 GA The Netherlands
| | - Abraham J. P. Teunissen
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10029‐6574 USA
| | - Zahi A. Fayad
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10029‐6574 USA
| | - Roy Meel
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
| | - Willem J. M. Mulder
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5612 AZ The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious diseases (RCI) Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center Nijmegen 6525 GA The Netherlands
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Fleischmann D, Goepferich A. General sites of nanoparticle biodistribution as a novel opportunity for nanomedicine. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 166:44-60. [PMID: 34087354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanomedical devices has led to a considerable number of clinically applied nanotherapeutics. Yet, the overall poor translation of nanoparticular concepts into marketable systems has not met the initial expectations and led to increasing criticism in recent years. Most novel nano approaches thereby use highly refined formulations including a plethora of active targeting sequences, but ultimately fail to reach their target due to a generally high off-target deposition in organs such as the liver or kidney. In this context, we argue that initial nanoparticle (NP) development should not entirely become set on conventional formulation aspects. In contrast, we propose a change of focus towards a prior analysis of general sites of NP in vivo deposition and an assessment of how accumulation in these organs or tissues can be harnessed to develop therapies for site-related pathologies. We therefore give a comprehensive overview of existing nanotherapeutic targeting strategies for specific cell types within three of the usual suspects, i.e. the liver, kidney and the vascular system. We discuss the physiological surroundings and relevant pathologies of described tissues as well as the implications for NP-mediated drug delivery. Additionally, successful cell-selective NP concepts using active targeting strategies are assessed. By bringing together both (patho)physiological aspects and concepts for cell-selective NP formulations, we hope to show a novel opportunity for the development of more promising nanotherapeutic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fleischmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Achim Goepferich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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38
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B Uribe K, Benito-Vicente A, Martin C, Blanco-Vaca F, Rotllan N. (r)HDL in theranostics: how do we apply HDL's biology for precision medicine in atherosclerosis management? Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3185-3208. [PMID: 33949389 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01838d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are key players in cholesterol metabolism homeostasis since they are responsible for transporting excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver. Imbalance in this process, due to either excessive accumulation or impaired clearance, results in net cholesterol accumulation and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, significant effort has been focused on the development of therapeutic tools capable of either directly or indirectly enhancing HDL-guided reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). More recently, in light of the emergence of precision nanomedicine, there has been renewed research interest in attempting to take advantage of the development of advanced recombinant HDL (rHDL) for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. In this review, we provide an update on the different approaches that have been developed using rHDL, focusing on the rHDL production methodology and rHDL applications in theranostics. We also compile a series of examples highlighting potential future perspectives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kepa B Uribe
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Asier Benito-Vicente
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Apdo.644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Cesar Martin
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Apdo.644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Francisco Blanco-Vaca
- Servei de Bioquímica, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain. and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain and Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain and Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Noemi Rotllan
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain and Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
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39
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Groner J, Goepferich A, Breunig M. Atherosclerosis: Conventional intake of cardiovascular drugs versus delivery using nanotechnology - A new chance for causative therapy? J Control Release 2021; 333:536-559. [PMID: 33794270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in developed countries. The pathogenetic mechanism relies on a macrophage-based immune reaction to low density lipoprotein (LDL) deposition in blood vessels with dysfunctional endothelia. Thus, atherosclerosis is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease. A plethora of cardiovascular drugs have been developed and are on the market, but the major shortcoming of standard medications is that they do not address the root cause of the disease. Statins and thiazolidinediones that have recently been recognized to exert specific anti-atherosclerotic effects represent a potential breakthrough on the horizon. But their whole potential cannot be realized due to insufficient availability at the pathological site and severe off-target effects. The focus of this review will be to elaborate how both groups of drugs could immensely profit from nanoparticulate carriers. This delivery principle would allow for their accumulation in target macrophages and endothelial cells of the atherosclerotic plaque, increasing bioavailability where it is needed most. Based on the analyzed literature we conclude design criteria for the delivery of statins and thiazolidinediones with nanoparticles for anti-atherosclerotic therapy. Nanoparticles need to be below a diameter of 100 nm to accumulate in the atherosclerotic plaque and should be fabricated using biodegradable materials. Further, the thiazolidinediones or statins must be encapsulated into the particle core, because especially for thiazolidindiones the uptake into cells is prerequisite for their mechanism of action. For optimal uptake into targeted macrophages and endothelial cells, the ideal particle should present ligands on its surface which bind specifically to scavenger receptors. The impact of statins on the lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX1) seems particularly promising because of its outstanding role in the inflammatory process. Using this pioneering concept, it will be possible to promote the impact of statins and thiazolidinediones on macrophages and endothelial cells and significantly enhance their anti-atherosclerotic therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Groner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Achim Goepferich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Breunig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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40
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Pillai SC, Borah A, Jacob EM, Kumar DS. Nanotechnological approach to delivering nutraceuticals as promising drug candidates for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:550-568. [PMID: 33703990 PMCID: PMC7954496 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1892241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is Caesar’s sword, which poses a huge risk to the present generation. Understanding the atherosclerotic disease cycle would allow ensuring improved diagnosis, better care, and treatment. Unfortunately, a highly effective and safe way of treating atherosclerosis in the medical community remains a continuous challenge. Conventional treatments have shown considerable success, but have some adverse effects on the human body. Natural derived medications or nutraceuticals have gained immense popularity in the treatment of atherosclerosis due to their decreased side effects and toxicity-related issues. In hindsight, the contribution of nutraceuticals in imparting enhanced clinical efficacy against atherosclerosis warrants more experimental evidence. On the other hand, nanotechnology and drug delivery systems (DDS) have revolutionized the way therapeutics are performed and researchers have been constantly exploring the positive effects that DDS brings to the field of therapeutic techniques. It could be as exciting as ever to apply nano-mediated delivery of nutraceuticals as an additional strategy to target the atherosclerotic sites boasting high therapeutic efficiency of the nutraceuticals and fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu C Pillai
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ankita Borah
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Eden Mariam Jacob
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - D Sakthi Kumar
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama, Japan
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41
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Gupta A, Sharma R, Kuche K, Jain S. Exploring the therapeutic potential of the bioinspired reconstituted high density lipoprotein nanostructures. Int J Pharm 2021; 596:120272. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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42
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van Leent MMT, Meerwaldt AE, Berchouchi A, Toner YC, Burnett ME, Klein ED, Verschuur AVD, Nauta SA, Munitz J, Prévot G, van Leeuwen EM, Ordikhani F, Mourits VP, Calcagno C, Robson PM, Soultanidis G, Reiner T, Joosten RRM, Friedrich H, Madsen JC, Kluza E, van der Meel R, Joosten LAB, Netea MG, Ochando J, Fayad ZA, Pérez-Medina C, Mulder WJM, Teunissen AJP. A modular approach toward producing nanotherapeutics targeting the innate immune system. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/10/eabe7853. [PMID: 33674313 PMCID: PMC7935355 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe7853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies controlling the adaptive immune system are firmly established, but regulating the innate immune system remains much less explored. The intrinsic interactions between nanoparticles and phagocytic myeloid cells make these materials especially suited for engaging the innate immune system. However, developing nanotherapeutics is an elaborate process. Here, we demonstrate a modular approach that facilitates efficiently incorporating a broad variety of drugs in a nanobiologic platform. Using a microfluidic formulation strategy, we produced apolipoprotein A1-based nanobiologics with favorable innate immune system-engaging properties as evaluated by in vivo screening. Subsequently, rapamycin and three small-molecule inhibitors were derivatized with lipophilic promoieties, ensuring their seamless incorporation and efficient retention in nanobiologics. A short regimen of intravenously administered rapamycin-loaded nanobiologics (mTORi-NBs) significantly prolonged allograft survival in a heart transplantation mouse model. Last, we studied mTORi-NB biodistribution in nonhuman primates by PET/MR imaging and evaluated its safety, paving the way for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M T van Leent
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anu E Meerwaldt
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht/Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alexandre Berchouchi
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yohana C Toner
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marianne E Burnett
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emma D Klein
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Vera D Verschuur
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheqouia A Nauta
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jazz Munitz
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Prévot
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Esther M van Leeuwen
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Farideh Ordikhani
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vera P Mourits
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philip M Robson
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Soultanidis
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rick R M Joosten
- Center of Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Heiner Friedrich
- Center of Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Joren C Madsen
- Center for Transplantation Sciences and Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ewelina Kluza
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Roy van der Meel
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jordi Ochando
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Willem J M Mulder
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Abraham J P Teunissen
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Di L, Maiseyeu A. Low-density lipoprotein nanomedicines: mechanisms of targeting, biology, and theranostic potential. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:408-421. [PMID: 33594923 PMCID: PMC7894439 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1886199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Native nanostructured lipoproteins such as low- and high-density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) are powerful tools for the targeted delivery of drugs and imaging agents. While the cellular recognition of well-known HDL-based carriers occurs via interactions with an HDL receptor, the selective delivery and uptake of LDL particles by target cells are more complex. The most well-known mode of LDL-based delivery is via the interaction between apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) - the main protein of LDL - and the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). LDLR is expressed in the liver, adipocytes, and macrophages, and thus selectively delivers LDL carriers to these cells and tissues. Moreover, the elevated expression of LDLR in tumor cells indicates a role for LDL in the targeted delivery of chemotherapy drugs. In addition, chronic inflammation associated with hypercholesterolemia (i.e., high levels of endogenous LDL) can be abated by LDL carriers, which outcompete the deleterious oxidized LDL for uptake by macrophages. In this case, synthetic LDL nanocarriers act as 'eat-me' signals and exploit mechanisms of native LDL uptake for targeted drug delivery and imaging. Lastly, recent studies have shown that the delivery of LDL-based nanocarriers to macrophages via fluid-phase pinocytosis is a promising tool for atherosclerosis imaging. Hence, the present review summarizes the use of natural and synthetic LDL-based carriers for drug delivery and imaging and discusses various mechanisms of targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Di
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Clevehand, OH, USA
| | - Andrei Maiseyeu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Clevehand, OH, USA
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Morin EE, Guo Y, He H, Yuan W, Souery WN, Fawaz MV, Chen YE, Schwendeman A. Synergetic Effect of rHDL and LXR Agonist on Reduction of Atherosclerosis in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:513031. [PMID: 33390931 PMCID: PMC7772318 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.513031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are unique in that they play an important role in the reverse cholesterol transport process. However, reconstituted HDL (rHDL) infusions have demonstrated limited beneficial effect in clinical practice. This is perhaps a consequence of the limited cholesterol efflux abilities of atheroma macrophages due to decreased expression of cholesterol transporters in advanced atheromas and following rHDL infusion treatment. Thus, we propose that a combination therapy of rHDL and a liver X receptor (LXR) agonist could maximize the therapeutic benefit of rHDL by upregulating ATP-binding cassette transporters A-1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G-1 (ABCG1), and enhancing cholesterol efflux to rHDL. In macrophages, rHDL downregulated the expression of ABCA1/G1 in a dose- and rHDL composition-dependent manner. Although LXR agonist, T0901317 (T1317), upregulated the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1, the drug itself did not have any effect on cholesterol efflux (6.6 ± 0.5%) while the combination of rHDL and T1317 exhibited enhanced cholesterol efflux from [3H]-cholesterol loaded J774A.1 macrophages (23.3 ± 1.3%). Treatment with rHDL + T1317 significantly reduced the area of aortic plaque in ApoE-/- mice compared to PBS treated control animals (24.16 ± 1.42% vs. 31.59 ± 1.93%, p < 0.001), while neither rHDL nor T1317 treatment alone had a significant effect. Together, we show that rHDL paired with an LXR agonist can induce a synergetic effect in reducing atheroma burden. This synergy could lead to lower overall effective dose for both drugs, potentially overcoming the existing barriers in clinical development and renewing pharmaceutical interest in these two drug classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Morin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, NCRC, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Hongliang He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Wenmin Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Whitney N Souery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria V Fawaz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yuqing Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, NCRC, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Meikle PJ, Formosa MF, Mellett NA, Jayawardana KS, Giles C, Bertovic DA, Jennings GL, Childs W, Reddy M, Carey AL, Baradi A, Nanayakkara S, Wilson AM, Duffy SJ, Kingwell BA. HDL Phospholipids, but Not Cholesterol Distinguish Acute Coronary Syndrome From Stable Coronary Artery Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e011792. [PMID: 31131674 PMCID: PMC6585356 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Although acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, relationships with biologically active lipid species potentially associated with plaque disruption/erosion in the context of their lipoprotein carriers are indeterminate. The aim was to characterize lipid species within lipoprotein particles which differentiate ACS from stable coronary artery disease. Methods and Results Venous blood was obtained from 130 individuals with de novo presentation of an ACS (n=47) or stable coronary artery disease (n=83) before coronary catheterization. Lipidomic measurements (533 lipid species; liquid chromatography electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry) were performed on whole plasma as well as 2 lipoprotein subfractions: apolipoprotein A1 (apolipoprotein A, high‐density lipoprotein) and apolipoprotein B. Compared with stable coronary artery disease, ACS plasma was lower in phospholipids including lyso species and plasmalogens, with the majority of lipid species differing in abundance located within high‐density lipoprotein (high‐density lipoprotein, 113 lipids; plasma, 73 lipids). Models including plasma lipid species alone improved discrimination between the stable and ACS groups by 0.16 (C‐statistic) compared with conventional risk factors. Models utilizing lipid species either in plasma or within lipoprotein fractions had a similar ability to discriminate groups, though the C‐statistic was highest for plasma lipid species (0.80; 95% CI, 0.75–0.86). Conclusions Multiple lysophospholipids, but not cholesterol, featured among the lipids which were present at low concentration within high‐density lipoprotein of those presenting with ACS. Lipidomics, when applied to either whole plasma or lipoprotein fractions, was superior to conventional risk factors in discriminating ACS from stable coronary artery disease. These associative mechanistic insights elucidate potential new preventive, prognostic, and therapeutic avenues for ACS which require investigation in prospective analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Corey Giles
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - David A. Bertovic
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Department of CardiologyThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneAustralia
| | - Garry L. Jennings
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Department of CardiologyThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneAustralia
| | - Wayne Childs
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Department of CardiologyThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneAustralia
- Box Hill HospitalMelbourneAustralia
| | - Medini Reddy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | | | | | - Shane Nanayakkara
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Department of CardiologyThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneAustralia
| | | | - Stephen J. Duffy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Department of CardiologyThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneAustralia
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Georgilis E, Abdelghani M, Pille J, Aydinlioglu E, van Hest JC, Lecommandoux S, Garanger E. Nanoparticles based on natural, engineered or synthetic proteins and polypeptides for drug delivery applications. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Darwitan A, Wong YS, Nguyen LTH, Czarny B, Vincent A, Nedumaran AM, Tan YF, Muktabar A, Tang JK, Ng KW, Venkatraman S. Liposomal Nanotherapy for Treatment of Atherosclerosis. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000465. [PMID: 32543010 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that can lead to life-threatening events such as myocardial infarction and stroke, is characterized by the build-up of lipids and immune cells within the arterial wall. It is understood that inflammation is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and can be a target for therapy. In support of this concept, an injectable nanoliposomal formulation encapsulating fluocinolone acetonide (FA), a corticosteroid, is developed that allows for drug delivery to atherosclerotic plaques while reducing the systemic exposure to off-target tissues. In this study, FA is successfully incorporated into liposomal nanocarriers of around 100 nm in size with loading efficiency of 90% and the formulation exhibits sustained release up to 25 d. The anti-inflammatory effect and cholesterol efflux capability of FA-liposomes are demonstrated in vitro. In vivo studies carried out with an apolipoprotein E-knockout (Apoe-/- ) mouse model of atherosclerosis show accumulation of liposomes in atherosclerotic plaques, colocalization with plaque macrophages and anti-atherogenic effect over 3 weeks of treatment. This FA-liposomal-based nanocarrier represents a novel potent nanotherapeutic option for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Darwitan
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Yee Shan Wong
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Luong T. H. Nguyen
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Bertrand Czarny
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological University Singapore 636921 Singapore
| | - Anita Vincent
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Anu Maashaa Nedumaran
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Yang Fei Tan
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Aristo Muktabar
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Jin Kai Tang
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringNanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Subbu Venkatraman
- Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of Singapore Singapore 117575 Singapore
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Mukhtar M, Ali H, Ahmed N, Munir R, Talib S, Khan AS, Ambrus R. Drug delivery to macrophages: a review of nano-therapeutics targeted approach for inflammatory disorders and cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1239-1257. [PMID: 32543950 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1783237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Macrophages are involved in the normal defense of the body; however, the varying phenotypes of macrophages and imbalance in their ratio lead to the impairment of immune response initiating the production of inflammation. As the role of macrophages in immunological disorders and their surface receptors modulation has already been manifested; hence, macrophages can be exploited to make them a viable candidate for targeted delivery, which was not possible with previously designed conventional therapies for the immune disorders. AREAS COVERED Nanotechnology is a promising, clear cut, efficient, and adequate approach for targeting macrophages. Literature addresses the receptors available for targeting and the novel small dimensional therapeutic delivery vehicles to target them along with a brief overview of the role of macrophages in these diseases. Furthermore, the patents based on this idea are also listed. EXPERT OPINION Targeted drug delivery to macrophages should take into consideration the plasticity of macrophages and their modulation over time in the diseases. A cost-effective scale-up method of development will further facilitate the clinical trials. Besides, the implementation of safety guidelines to target macrophages and the studies of long-term effects of targeted approaches in humans would highly encourage the clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahwash Mukhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Munir
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumbal Talib
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anam S Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rita Ambrus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary
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Pala R, Anju VT, Dyavaiah M, Busi S, Nauli SM. Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3741-3769. [PMID: 32547026 PMCID: PMC7266400 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s250872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the foremost causes of high morbidity and mortality globally. Preventive, diagnostic, and treatment measures available for CVDs are not very useful, which demands promising alternative methods. Nanoscience and nanotechnology open a new window in the area of CVDs with an opportunity to achieve effective treatment, better prognosis, and less adverse effects on non-target tissues. The application of nanoparticles and nanocarriers in the area of cardiology has gathered much attention due to the properties such as passive and active targeting to the cardiac tissues, improved target specificity, and sensitivity. It has reported that more than 50% of CVDs can be treated effectively through the use of nanotechnology. The main goal of this review is to explore the recent advancements in nanoparticle-based cardiovascular drug carriers. This review also summarizes the difficulties associated with the conventional treatment modalities in comparison to the nanomedicine for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekharreddy Pala
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA92618, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92868, USA
| | - V T Anju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Madhu Dyavaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Surya M Nauli
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA92618, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92868, USA
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