1
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Chen X, Zheng J, You L, Qiu T, Christoforo T, Wei Y. Wormwood-infused porous-CaCO 3 for synthesizing antibacterial natural rubber latex. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129322. [PMID: 38242404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Wormwood leaf is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with a high medicinal value and long application history and its essential oil is a high-purity plant oil extracted from Wormwood leaf. Pharmacological research reveals that Wormwood leaf and Wormwood essential oil are a broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral drug, which can inhibit and kill many bacteria and viruses. We loaded wormwood extract on porous calcium carbonate (Porous-CaCO3) and introduced it and Wormwood essential oil into Natural rubber latex (NRL), thus synthesizing NRL composites with excellent vitro and in vivo antibacterial effect, cell compatibility and mechanical properties. This NRL material can delay the light aging and thermal oxidation of some mechanical properties, which provides a broader avenue for its commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian 364000, PR China; Fujian Provincial Colleges and Unversity Engineering Research Center of Soild Waste Resource Utilization, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian 364000, PR China.
| | - JiaQi Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Material science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian 364000, PR China
| | - LinXin You
- College of Chemistry and Material science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian 364000, PR China
| | - Tian Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Material science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian 364000, PR China
| | - Tyler Christoforo
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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2
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Ma FL, Liu JN, Wang XC, Ma GM, Song JJ, Chai GB, Lv Y, Zhang QD, Yu YJ, She Y. A novel comprehensive strategy for high-thoroughly studying released compounds during the combustion process of herbs. A case study for Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1716:464653. [PMID: 38232638 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The comprehensive study of compound variations in released smoke during the combustion process is a great challenge in many scientific fields related to analytical chemistry like traditional Chinese medicine, environment analysis, food analysis, etc. In this work, we propose a new comprehensive strategy for efficiently and high-thoroughly characterizing compounds in the online released complex smokes: (i) A smoke capture device was designed for efficiently collecting chemical constituents to perform gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based untargeted analysis. (ii) An advanced data analysis tool, AntDAS-GCMS, was used for automatically extracting compounds in the original acquired GC-MS data files. Additionally, a GC-MS data analysis guided instrumental parameter optimizing strategy was proposed for the optimization of parameters in the smoke capture device. The developed strategy was demonstrated by the study of compound variations in the smoke of traditional Chinese medicine, Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant. The results indicated that more than 590 components showed significant differences among released smokes of various moxa velvet ratios. Finally, about 88 compounds were identified, of which phenolic compounds were the most abundant, followed by aromatics, alkenes, alcohols and furans. In conclusion, we may provide a novel approach to the studies of compounds in online released smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lian Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jia-Nan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xing-Cai Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Gui-Mei Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jing-Jing Song
- Ningxia Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Guo-Bi Chai
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Wolfberry and Wine for State Administration for Market Regulation, Ningxia Food Testing and Research Institute, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qi-Dong Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yong-Jie Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Yuanbin She
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
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3
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Bizzo HR, Brilhante NS, Nolvachai Y, Marriott PJ. Use and abuse of retention indices in gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1708:464376. [PMID: 37717451 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The value of the concept of retention indices (RI) to the practice of gas chromatography (GC) is highlighted, where the RI of a compound is one component of the strategy to identify the compound. The widespread reliance on GC and then on mass spectrometry for 'identification', may result in inadequate confirmation of molecular identity. However, RI do provide a useful tentative indication of the possible molecule(s). Thus, the RI value is a useful first measure of the molecule identity, and shown here to be valuable provided limitations are recognised. An author has a responsibility to correctly calculate the index and then use the values for (tentative) identification. Tables of reference RI values are useful in this respect, but finding an 'exact match' RI value does not confirm the identity. Hence, it is necessary to understand how the RI value may be incorrectly used in this respect. The reviewer of written research is charged with ensuring the index values are applied in a rigorous manner. Selected case studies from our own work, support the care that must be exercised when reporting RI values. In terms of advanced GC operations, mention is made of multidimensional gas chromatography and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography to acquire RI values on both the first and second columns in the two-column separation experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto R Bizzo
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos - Avenida das Américas, 29501, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 23020-470, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21945-970, Brazil
| | - Nathália S Brilhante
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21945-970, Brazil
| | - Yada Nolvachai
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood 3125, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip J Marriott
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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4
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An Overview on the Conservative Management of Endometriosis from a Naturopathic Perspective: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030587. [PMID: 33804660 PMCID: PMC8003677 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a chronic and debilitating disease, which affects millions of young women worldwide. Although medicine has incontestably evolved in the last years, there is no common ground regarding the early and accurate diagnosis of this condition, its pathogenic mechanisms, and curative treatment. Even though the spontaneous resolution of endometriosis is sometimes possible, recent reports suggested that it can be a progressive condition. It can associate chronic pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, infertility, or malignant degenerescence. Conventional treatments could produce many side effects, and despite treatment, the symptoms may reappear. In recent years, experimental evidence suggested that plant-based medicine could exert beneficial effects on endometriosis and endometriosis-related symptoms. This study aims to highlight the pharmaceutical activity of phytochemicals and medicinal plants against endometriosis and to provide a source of information regarding the alternative treatment of this condition. Methods: For this review, we performed a research using PubMed, GoogleScholar, and CrossRef databases. We selected the articles published between January 2000 and July 2020, written in English. Results: We found 17 medicinal plants and 13 phytochemicals, which have demonstrated their beneficial effects against endometriosis. Several of their biological activities consist of antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory effects, and oxidative-stress reduction. Conclusion: Medicinal herbs and their bioactive compounds exhibit antiangiogenic, antioxidant, sedative and pain-alleviating properties and the effects recorded until now encourage their use for the conservative management of endometriosis.
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5
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Ur Rashid M, Alamzeb M, Ali S, Ullah Z, Shah ZA, Naz I, Khan MR. The chemistry and pharmacology of alkaloids and allied nitrogen compounds from Artemisia species: A review. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2661-2684. [PMID: 31453659 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Several reviews have been published on Artemisia's derived natural products, but it is the first attempt to review the chemistry and pharmacology of more than 80 alkaloids and allied nitrogen compounds obtained from various Artemisia species (covering the literature up to June 2018). The pharmacological potential and unique skeleton types of certain Artemisia's alkaloids provoke the importance of analyzing Artemisia species for bioactive alkaloids and allied nitrogen compounds. Among the various types of bioactive Artemisia's alkaloids, the main classes were the derivatives of rupestine (pyridine-sesquiterpene), lycoctonine (diterpene), pyrrolizidine, purines, polyamine, peptides, indole, piperidine, pyrrolidine, alkamides, and flavoalkaloids. The rupestine derivatives are Artemisia's characteristic alkaloids, whereas the rest are common alkaloids found in the family Asteraceae and chemotaxonomically links the genus Artemisia with the tribes Anthemideae. The most important biological activities of Artemisia's alkaloids are including hepatoprotective, local anesthetic, β-galactosidase, and antiparasitic activities; treatment of angina pectoris, opening blocked arteries, as a sleep-inducing agents and inhibition of HIV viral protease, CYP450, melanin biosynthesis, human carbonic anhydrase, [3H]-AEA metabolism, kinases, and DNA polymerase β1 . Some of the important nitrogen metabolites of Artemisia include pellitorine, zeatin, tryptophan, rupestine, and aconitine analogs, which need to be optimized and commercialized further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoon Ur Rashid
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kotli, Kotli, Pakistan
| | - Zahoor Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Balochistan University of IT, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ali Shah
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Agriculture University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Naz
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rafiullah Khan
- Phytopharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Research Laboratory (PNRL), Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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6
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Nishidono Y, Chiyomatsu T, Sanuki K, Tezuka Y, Tanaka K. Analysis of Seasonal Variations of the Volatile Constituents in Artemisia princeps (Japanese Mugwort) Leaves by Metabolomic Approach. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19872600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Artemisia princeps (Japanese mugwort, “Yomogi”) are traditionally used as a food ingredient to provide a fresh aroma and a deep green color. In this study, the seasonal variations of the volatile constituents in Japanese mugwort leaves collected from several parts of the plants were investigated using gas chromatography and multivariate analysis in order to determine the best time to harvest them and the best parts of the plants from which the leaves can be gathered and utilized as an ingredient in food. As a result, it was clarified that the balance between the amounts of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes is an important factor that determines the quality of Japanese mugwort. In addition, the amount of β-caryophyllene was found to be the important factor that determines the best time and from which parts of the plant to harvest high-quality Japanese mugwort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Nishidono
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | | | | | - Yasuhiro Tezuka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
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7
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Ricci A, Cirlini M, Guido A, Liberatore CM, Ganino T, Lazzi C, Chiancone B. From Byproduct to Resource: Fermented Apple Pomace as Beer Flavoring. Foods 2019; 8:foods8080309. [PMID: 31374955 PMCID: PMC6723389 DOI: 10.3390/foods8080309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main struggles of the large-scale apple processing industry is pomace disposal. One solution for this problem is to convert this waste into a resource. Apple pomace could be used as a substrate for lactic acid bacteria and could induce the formation of a more complex aroma profile, making this fermented product an innovative aromatizer for alcoholic beverages, such as beer. In this study, for the first time, the effect of lacto-fermented apple pomace addition in beer was evaluated. Three bacterial strains (Lactobacillus rhamnosus 1473 and 1019, and L. casei 2246) were tested for apple pomace fermentation, and L. rhamnosus 1473 was the strain that best modified the aromatic profile. The addition of fermented apple pomace to beer increased the complexity of the aroma profile, demonstrating the potential of this byproduct as an aromatizer in the alcoholic beverage industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Ricci
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Cirlini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Angela Guido
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Liberatore
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ganino
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Camilla Lazzi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Benedetta Chiancone
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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8
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González SB, Gastaldi B, Catalán C, Di Leo Lira P, Retta D, van Baren CM, Bandoni AL. Artemisia magellanica. Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from an Unexplored Endemic Species of Patagonia. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900125. [PMID: 31241852 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The essential oil composition of the aerial parts of Artemisia magellanica Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae), native to Patagonia, was analyzed by GC-FID-MS. This is the first report on the essential oil composition of A. magellanica. A total of 113 components were identified accounting for 95.6-95.7 % of the oil. The essential oil was characterized by a high percentage of γ-costol (21.0-43.5 %), selina-4,11-diene, (Z)-β-ocimene, (E)-β-farnesene, (Z)-en-yn-dicycloether and 23 different esters (28.7 %). In turn, Artemisia biennis, a species native to North America, which is considered by some authors to be conspecific with A. magellanica, yielded an essential oil that was rich in (Z)-β-ocimene (34.7 %), (E)-β-farnesene (40.0 %) and the acetylenes (Z)- and (E)-en-yn-dicycloethers (11.0 %). Thus, as A. biennis lacks the three main components present in A. magellanica, namely γ-costol, 2-methylbutyl 2-methylbutyrate and selina-4,11-diene, these compounds could be considered as potential chemical markers for A. magellanica since they are absent or only found as minor constituents in other members of the genus. The data presented herein is also useful for genus taxonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia B González
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco sede Esquel, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Ruta 259 km 16,41, Esquel, 9200, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Bruno Gastaldi
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco sede Esquel, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Ruta 259 km 16,41, Esquel, 9200, Chubut, Argentina
| | - César Catalán
- INQUINOA-CONICET, Instituto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, S.M. de Tucumán, 4000, Argentina
| | - Paola Di Leo Lira
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Farmacognosia, Junín 956, 2° piso, 1113, C.A. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Junín 956, 2° piso, 1113, C.A. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daiana Retta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Farmacognosia, Junín 956, 2° piso, 1113, C.A. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Junín 956, 2° piso, 1113, C.A. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina M van Baren
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Farmacognosia, Junín 956, 2° piso, 1113, C.A. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Junín 956, 2° piso, 1113, C.A. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Arnaldo L Bandoni
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Farmacognosia, Junín 956, 2° piso, 1113, C.A. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Junín 956, 2° piso, 1113, C.A. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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9
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Kunihiro K, Myoda T, Tajima N, Gotoh K, Kaneshima T, Someya T, Toeda K, Fujimori T, Nishizawa M. Volatile Components of the Essential Oil of Artemisia montana and Their Sedative Effects. J Oleo Sci 2017; 66:843-849. [PMID: 28381767 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess16006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sedative effects of volatile components in the essential oil of Artemisia montana ("Yomogi") were investigated and measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Major components identified included 1,8-cineol, camphor, borneol, α-piperitone, and caryophyllene oxide. Among them, 1,8-cineol exhibited the highest flavor dilution (FD) value in an aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), followed by borneol, o-cymene, β-thujone, and bornyl acetate. The sedative effects of yomogi oil aroma were evaluated by sensory testing, analysis of salivary α-amylase activity, and measurement of relative fluctuation of oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in the brain using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). All results indicated the stress-reducing effects of the essential oil following nasal exposure, and according to the NIRS analysis, 1,8-cineol is likely responsible for the sedative effects of yomogi oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Kunihiro
- Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture.,ALBION co. ltd
| | - Takao Myoda
- Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | | | - Kotaro Gotoh
- Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Tai Kaneshima
- Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | | | - Kazuki Toeda
- Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Takane Fujimori
- Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Makoto Nishizawa
- Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture
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10
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Williams JD, Yazarians JA, Almeyda CC, Anderson KA, Boyce GR. Detection of the Previously Unobserved Stereoisomers of Thujone in the Essential Oil and Consumable Products of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:4319-4326. [PMID: 27181395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the (+)-α-thujone and (-)-β-thujone stereoisomers in the essential oil of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and dietary supplements is documented for the first time. The detection was accomplished using a chiral resolution protocol of racemic α-/β-thujone on headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Because the previously unreported stereoisomers, (+)-α-thujone and (-)-β-thujone, are not commercially available, a three-step synthesis of racemic thujone from commercially available starting materials was developed. Thermolysis studies demonstrated that no racemization at the cyclopropane stereocenters occurs, corroborating that the detection is not an artifact from the hydrodistillation process. The developed chiral resolution of thujone was also used to provide evidence for the absence of the (+)-α-thujone and (-)-β-thujone enantiomers in other common thujone-containing essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Mercyhurst University , Erie, Pennsylvania 16546, United States
| | - Jessica A Yazarians
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University , Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Chelcie C Almeyda
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University , Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Kristin A Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Mercyhurst University , Erie, Pennsylvania 16546, United States
| | - Gregory R Boyce
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University , Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
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11
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Park HJ, Cho JG, Baek YS, Seo KH, Kim SY, Choi MS, Lee KT, Jeong TS, Chung HG, Kang EG, Baek NI. Identification of bitter components from Artemisia princeps Pamp. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:27-32. [PMID: 30263232 PMCID: PMC6049350 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of bitter components from the aerial parts of Artemisia princeps Pamp. was performed to search for a method to eliminate the bitter taste from A. princeps products. The aerial parts of A. princeps were extracted in an aqueous EtOH solution, and the obtained extracts were partitioned into essential-oil, flavonoid-rich, n-BuOH, and aqueous fractions. Two purified bitter sesquiterpenoids were identified through repeated column chromatography of the bitterest fraction, the flavonoid-rich fraction, through an activity-guided fractionation method. The compounds were identified to be 1α,6α,8α-trihydroxy-5α,7βH-guaia-3,9,11(13)-trien-12-oic acid and artecalin, respectively, based on the interpretation of NMR, MS, and IR spectroscopic data. Both compounds were 50 times bitterer than caffeine and had similar bitterness to quinine HCl. Neither eupatilin nor jaceosidin, the major active components of A. princeps, showed any bitterness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jung Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104 Korea
| | - Jin-Gyeong Cho
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104 Korea
| | - Yoon-Su Baek
- Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju, Jeonbuk, 55365 Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hwa Seo
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104 Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104 Korea
| | - Myung-Sook Choi
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41966 Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447 Korea
| | - Tae-Sook Jeong
- National Research Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism & Atherosclerosis, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141 Korea
| | - Hae-Gon Chung
- Gangwha Agricultural R&D Center, Incheon, 23038 Korea
| | | | - Nam-In Baek
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104 Korea
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12
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Mihara S, Shibamoto T. The role of flavor and fragrance chemicals in TRPA1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, member A1) activity associated with allergies. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2015; 11:11. [PMID: 25897313 PMCID: PMC4404258 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-015-0074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPA1 has been proposed to be associated with diverse sensory allergic reactions, including thermal (cold) nociception, hearing and allergic inflammatory conditions. Some naturally occurring compounds are known to activate TRPA1 by forming a Michael addition product with a cysteine residue of TRPA1 through covalent protein modification and, in consequence, to cause allergic reactions. The anti-allergic property of TRPA1 agonists may be due to the activation and subsequent desensitization of TRPA1 expressed in sensory neurons. In this review, naturally occurring TRPA1 antagonists, such as camphor, 1,8-cineole, menthol, borneol, fenchyl alcohol and 2-methylisoborneol, and TRPA1 agonists, including thymol, carvacrol, 1'S-1'- acetoxychavicol acetate, cinnamaldehyde, α-n-hexyl cinnamic aldehyde and thymoquinone as well as isothiocyanates and sulfides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Mihara
- 2-10-12 Nishinippori, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, 116-0013 Japan
| | - Takayuki Shibamoto
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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Kamiyama M, Moon JK, Jang HW, Shibamoto T. Role of degradation products of chlorogenic acid in the antioxidant activity of roasted coffee. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1996-2005. [PMID: 25658375 DOI: 10.1021/jf5060563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant activities of brewed coffees prepared from six commercial brands ranged from 63.13 ± 1.01 to 96.80 ± 1.68% at the highest levels tested. Generally, the degree of antioxidant activity of the brewed coffee was inversely proportional to the total chlorogenic acid concentration. A sample obtained from the major chlorogenic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), heated at 250 °C exhibited potent antioxidant activity (79.12 ± 2.49%) at the level of 10 μg/mL, whereas unheated 5-CQA showed only moderate antioxidant activity (44.41 ± 0.27%) at the level of 100 μg/mL. Heat produced relatively high levels of pyrocatechol (2,809.3 μg/g) and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (46.4 μg/g) from 5-CQA, and their antioxidant activity levels were 76.57 ± 3.00 and 98.63 ± 0.01%, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that roasting degrades chlorogenic acids to form potent antioxidants and thus plays an important role in the preparation of high-antioxidant low-acid coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Kamiyama
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
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14
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Characterization of secondary metabolite compounds correlated with the seasons in Artemisia princeps var. orientalis (Pamp.) H. Hara leaves using direct sample injection and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry: contribution to phytotoxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-015-0020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Gurunathan S, Jeong JK, Han JW, Zhang XF, Park JH, Kim JH. Multidimensional effects of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles in Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter felis, and human lung (L132) and lung carcinoma A549 cells. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:35. [PMID: 25852332 PMCID: PMC4384991 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are prominent group of nanomaterials and are recognized for their diverse applications in various health sectors. This study aimed to synthesize the AgNPs using the leaf extract of Artemisia princeps as a bio-reductant. Furthermore, we evaluated the multidimensional effect of the biologically synthesized AgNPs in Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter felis, and human lung (L132) and lung carcinoma (A549) cells. UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of AgNPs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the AgNPs are specifically indexed to a crystal structure. The results from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicate that biomolecules are involved in the synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies showed the average size distribution of the particle between 10 and 40 nm, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that the AgNPs were significantly well separated and spherical with an average size of 20 nm. AgNPs caused dose-dependent decrease in cell viability and biofilm formation and increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and DNA fragmentation in H. pylori and H. felis. Furthermore, AgNPs induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in A549 cells; conversely, AgNPs had no significant effects on L132 cells. The results from this study suggest that AgNPs could cause cell-specific apoptosis in mammalian cells. Our findings demonstrate that this environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of AgNPs and that the prepared AgNPs have multidimensional effects such as anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity against H. pylori and H. felis and also cytotoxic effects against human cancer cells. This report describes comprehensively the effects of AgNPs on bacteria and mammalian cells. We believe that biologically synthesized AgNPs will open a new avenue towards various biotechnological and biomedical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- />Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwanjgin-gu, 143-701 Seoul South Korea
- />GS Institute of Bio and Nanotechnology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu India
| | - Jae-Kyo Jeong
- />Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwanjgin-gu, 143-701 Seoul South Korea
| | - Jae Woong Han
- />Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwanjgin-gu, 143-701 Seoul South Korea
| | - Xi-Feng Zhang
- />Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwanjgin-gu, 143-701 Seoul South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- />Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwanjgin-gu, 143-701 Seoul South Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- />Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwanjgin-gu, 143-701 Seoul South Korea
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Effect of an Orally Ingested Mugwort and Mushroom Extract Mixture on Urine Odor from Aged Mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 72:1249-56. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.70718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Fiers M, Lognay G, Fauconnier ML, Jijakli MH. Volatile compound-mediated interactions between barley and pathogenic fungi in the soil. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66805. [PMID: 23818966 PMCID: PMC3688563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are able to interact with their environment by emitting volatile organic compounds. We investigated the volatile interactions that take place below ground between barley roots and two pathogenic fungi, Cochliobolus sativus and Fusarium culmorum. The volatile molecules emitted by each fungus, by non-infected barley roots and by barley roots infected with one of the fungi or the two of them were extracted by head-space solid phase micro extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The effect of fungal volatiles on barley growth and the effect of barley root volatiles on fungal growth were assessed by cultivating both organisms in a shared atmosphere without any physical contact. The results show that volatile organic compounds, especially terpenes, are newly emitted during the interaction between fungi and barley roots. The volatile molecules released by non-infected barley roots did not significantly affect fungal growth, whereas the volatile molecules released by pathogenic fungi decreased the length of barley roots by 19 to 21.5% and the surface of aerial parts by 15%. The spectrum of the volatiles released by infected barley roots had no significant effect on F. culmorum growth, but decreased C. sativus growth by 13 to 17%. This paper identifies the volatile organic compounds emitted by two pathogenic fungi and shows that pathogenic fungi can modify volatile emission by infected plants. Our results open promising perspectives concerning the biological control of edaphic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Fiers
- Phytopathology Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (GxABT), University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Georges Lognay
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (GxABT), University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- General and Organic Chemistry Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (GxABT), University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - M. Haïssam Jijakli
- Phytopathology Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (GxABT), University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
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18
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Joichi A, Nakamura Y, Haze S, Ishikawa T, Atoji H, Nishida T, Sakurai K. Volatile constituents of blue-coloured hybrid tea rose flowers. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Joichi
- Shiseido Research Center (Shin-Yokohama); 2-2-1, Hayabuchi, Tsuzuki-ku; Yokohama-shi; Kanagawa; 224-8558; Japan
| | - Yasuko Nakamura
- Shiseido Research Center (Shin-Yokohama); 2-2-1, Hayabuchi, Tsuzuki-ku; Yokohama-shi; Kanagawa; 224-8558; Japan
| | - Shinichiro Haze
- Shiseido Research Center (Shin-Yokohama); 2-2-1, Hayabuchi, Tsuzuki-ku; Yokohama-shi; Kanagawa; 224-8558; Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Takasago International Corporation Corporate Research & Development Division; 4-11, Nishiyawata 1-chome; Hiratsuka City; Kanagawa; 254-0073; Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Atoji
- Takasago International Corporation Corporate Research & Development Division; 4-11, Nishiyawata 1-chome; Hiratsuka City; Kanagawa; 254-0073; Japan
| | - Takashi Nishida
- Takasago International Corporation Corporate Research & Development Division; 4-11, Nishiyawata 1-chome; Hiratsuka City; Kanagawa; 254-0073; Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Sakurai
- Takasago International Corporation Corporate Research & Development Division; 4-11, Nishiyawata 1-chome; Hiratsuka City; Kanagawa; 254-0073; Japan
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19
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Akihisa T, Kawashima K, Orido M, Akazawa H, Matsumoto M, Yamamoto A, Ogihara E, Fukatsu M, Tokuda H, Fuji J. Antioxidative and Melanogenesis-Inhibitory Activities of Caffeoylquinic Acids and Other Compounds from Moxa. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:313-27. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Özek G, Özek T, Dinç M, Doǧu S, Başer KHC. Chemical Diversity of Volatiles of Teucrium orientale L. var. orientale, var. puberulens, and var. glabrescens Determined by Simultaneous GC-FID and GC/MS Techniques. Chem Biodivers 2012; 9:1144-54. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Williams JD, Saleh AM, Acharya DN. Composition of the Essential Oil of Wild Growing Artemisia vulgaris from Erie, Pennsylvania. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential Oil from wild growing Artemisia vulgaris L. originating in Erie, Pennsylvania was obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of the plant. Gas chromatographic-mass spectral analysis was used to identify the major volatiles present. Up to 22 components were detected in the essential oils. Germacrene D (25%), Caryophyllene (20%), α-Zingiberene (15%) and Borneol (11%) represent the major components of leaf oil, while the buds were rich in 1,8-Cineole (32%), Camphor (16%), Borneol (9%), and Caryophyllene (5%). trans-2-Hexenal was also detected in the aerial parts of the plant. α-Zingiberene and trans-2-Hexenal have not been previously reported for Artemisia vulgaris L. The major analytes are compared to those from Artemisia vulgaris L, originating outside of the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack D. Williams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mercyhurst University, Erie, PA 16546, USA
| | - Ayman M. Saleh
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA 16509, USA
| | - Dom N. Acharya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mercyhurst University, Erie, PA 16546, USA
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22
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Cirlini M, Dall'asta C, Silvanini A, Beghè D, Fabbri A, Galaverna G, Ganino T. Volatile fingerprinting of chestnut flours from traditional Emilia Romagna (Italy) cultivars. Food Chem 2012; 134:662-8. [PMID: 23107676 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The volatile profile of nine monocultivar chestnut flours, obtained from fruits grown in Italy (Parma province), was characterised by a head-space solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with GC-MS technique. The volatile fraction was composed of 44 main compounds belonging to different classes, mainly aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, furans and terpenes. Aldehydes, in particular hexanal, are the most abundant components. In order to better understand the origin of the different volatile compounds during the drying and milling processes, samples of fresh fruit were also analysed by the same technique and the data obtained were statistically and critically compared in order to get a picture of the volatile evolution in chestnut from fresh fruit to flour. Finally, the nine monocultivar flours were chemometrically classified on the basis of the main odour descriptors associated with the volatile fingerprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cirlini
- Department of Organic and Industrial Chemistry, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 17/a, I-43124 Parma, Italy
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23
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Wang Y, Wu L, Wang C, Yu J, Yang Z. Investigating the influence of extractives on the oil yield and alkane production obtained from three kinds of biomass via deoxy-liquefaction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:7190-7195. [PMID: 21596558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of extractives on the yield and composition of oil obtained from biomass samples (Artemisia ordosica, corn stalk and wheat straw). Direct deoxy-liquefaction experiments of original and extracted biomass were performed at certain temperature in a stainless steel tubular reactor. Benzene-alcohol solvent extraction had significant effect on the product distribution of biomass, especially on the yield and composition of the product oils. The oil yield of original biomass and alkane content in the oil were in the range of 5.44-9.27% and 8.23-23.64%, while decreased to 3.83-4.45% and 1.07-6.03% for the extracted biomass. This study concludes that most of alkanes in the oil mainly derive from the decomposition of triglyceride and hydrocarbon existed in the extractives of biomass. The results might be helpful to study the origin of alkanes and benzene derivatives in the oil obtained from biomass via direct deoxy-liquefaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Wang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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24
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Yamamoto N, Kanemoto Y, Ueda M, Kawasaki K, Fukuda I, Ashida H. Anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of ethanol extract of Artemisia princeps in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Food Funct 2010; 2:45-52. [PMID: 21773585 DOI: 10.1039/c0fo00129e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Artemisia princeps is commonly used as a food ingredient and in traditional Asian medicine. In this study, we examined the effects of long-term administration of an ethanol extract of A. princeps (APE) on body weight, white adipose tissue, blood glucose, insulin, plasma and hepatic lipids, and adipocytokines in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Daily feeding of a 1% APE diet for 14 weeks normalized elevated body weight, white adipose tissue, and plasma glucose and insulin levels, and delayed impaired glucose tolerance in mice a fed high-fat diet. These events were not observed in mice fed a control diet containing 1% APE. Liver triglyceride and cholesterol levels were similar in mice fed a 1% APE-diet and those fed a control diet. In the high-fat diet groups, APE inhibited hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) and suppressed the elevation of plasma leptin, but had no effect on adiponectin levels. These findings suggest that the regulation of leptin secretion by APE may inhibit FAS activity with subsequent suppression of triglyceride accumulation in the liver and adipose tissues. Inhibition of lipid accumulation can, in turn, lead to improvements in impaired glucose tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Yamamoto
- Food Science Research Center, House Wellness Foods Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan.
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25
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Incharoen T, Yamauchi K, Thongwittaya N. Intestinal villus histological alterations in broilers fed dietary dried fermented ginger. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2010; 94:e130-7. [PMID: 20546067 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.00994.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of dietary dried fermented ginger (DFG) on intestinal villous histological alteration and growth performance, 64 Marshall Chunky male broilers were divided into four groups, each with four replicates of four chickens. Birds were fed the basal commercial mash diet supplemented with DFG at 0 (control), 5, 10 and 20 g/kg for 42 days. With increasing dietary DFG levels, feed intake tended to decrease and significantly decreased in the 20 g/kg DFG group (p < 0.05). Weight gain was higher in all the DFG groups, with the highest in the 10 g/kg DFG group (p < 0.05), resulting in an improved feed efficiency in all the DFG groups. Intestinal villus height, villus area, cell area and cell mitosis in all the intestinal segments were higher in all the DFG groups than in the control group. Protuberated cells and cell clusters were found in all the DFG groups, suggesting that the intestinal villi and cells might be hypertrophied. The present results indicate that dietary DFG can be used as a natural feed additive to induce broiler growth performance as a result of stimulation of morphological maturation and in consequence intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Incharoen
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa-ken, Japan
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26
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Collin G, Garneau FX, Gagnon H, Pichette A, Lavoie S. Analysis of Cymenes in Essential Oils: the Case ofLepechinia meyeni(Walp.) Epling. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2010.9700333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Incharoen T, Yamauchi K. Production Performance, Egg Quality and Intestinal Histology in Laying Hens Fed Dietary Dried Fermented Ginger. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2009.1078.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Takahashi M, Shibamoto T. Chemical compositions and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities of steam distillate from freeze-dried onion ( Allium cepa L.) sprout. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:10462-10467. [PMID: 18942842 DOI: 10.1021/jf801220b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Freeze-dried onion sprout was steam-distilled, and the distillate was extracted with dichloromethane (volatile sample). Water sample I was obtained from the residual aqueous solution in the extractor. The filtrate and the methanol extract of filtrand from the residual aqueous solution in the steam distillation flask were named water sample II and methanol sample, respectively. Among the total of 71 components identified in the volatile sample, 24 were sulfur-containing compounds, which comprised 36.87% of the total volatile chemicals identified. The volatile sample inhibited hexanal oxidation for 40 days by >99% at levels >100 microg/mL. The volatile sample and water sample II exhibited moderate antioxidant activity in a malonaldehyde/gas chromatography assay and thiobarbituric acid assay, whereas water sample I did not show appreciable activity. The volatile sample, water sample I, and water sample II exhibited anti-inflammatory activity with a dose-related response in the lipoxygenase inhibitor screening assay. However, the methanol sample did not show appreciable activity in either antioxidant or anti-inflammatory tests. The results suggest that onion sprouts can be an excellent food source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Takahashi
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
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29
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Kim MJ, Han JM, Jin YY, Baek NI, Bang MH, Chung HG, Choi MS, Lee KT, Sok DE, Jeong TS. In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Jaceosidin from Artemisia princeps Pampanini cv. Sajabal. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 31:429-37. [PMID: 18449499 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-1175-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) plays a key role in the inflammatory processes of atherosclerosis. Jaceosidin isolated from the methanolic extracts of the aerial parts of Artemisia princeps Pampanini cv. Sajabal was tested for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Jaceosidin inhibited the Cu(2+)-mediated LDL oxidation with IC(50) values of 10.2 microM in the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) assay as well as the macrophage-mediated LDL oxidation. The antioxidant activities of jaceosidin were exhibited in the conjugated diene production, relative electrophoretic mobility, and apoB-100 fragmentation on copper-mediated LDL oxidation. Jaceosidin also inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) concerning in regulation of NF-kappaB signaling. And jaceosidin inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activity, nitric oxide (NO) production, and suppressed expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jung Kim
- National Research Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism & Atherosclerosis, KRIBB, 52 Eoeun, Yuseong, Daejeon, Korea
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30
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Liazid A, Barbero GF, Palma M, Brigui J, Barroso CG. Optimization of a New Extraction Technique for Analysis of Verbenone and cis-Verbenol in Pine Seeds. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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31
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Scott PM, Lawrence GA, Lau BP. Determination of Thujone by Derivatization with Dansylhydrazine and Liquid Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120030179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Scott
- a Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch , Food Research Division , Address Locator 2203D, Ottawa , Ontario , K1A 0L2 , Canada
| | - Guillaume A. Lawrence
- a Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch , Food Research Division , Address Locator 2203D, Ottawa , Ontario , K1A 0L2 , Canada
| | - Ben P.‐Y. Lau
- a Health Canada, Health Products and Food Branch , Food Research Division , Address Locator 2203D, Ottawa , Ontario , K1A 0L2 , Canada
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Fujioka K, Shibamoto T. Quantitation of volatiles and nonvolatile acids in an extract from coffee beverages: correlation with antioxidant activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:6054-8. [PMID: 16881716 DOI: 10.1021/jf060460x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant activities of a commercial brewed coffee were investigated by measuring malonaldehyde (MA) formation from oxidized cod liver oil using a gas chromatographic method (MA-GC assay) and a thiobarbituric acid method (TBA assay). The highest antioxidant activity obtained by the MA-GC assay was from regular whole brewed coffee (97.8%) at a level of 20%, and the highest antioxidant activity obtained by the TBA assay was from decaffeinated whole brewed coffee (96.6%) at a level of 5%. Among 31 chemicals identified in a dichloromethane extract, guaiacol, ethylguaiacol, and vinylguaiacol exhibited antioxidant activities, which were comparable to that of alpha-tocopherol. Among nine chlorogenic acids (three caffeoylquinic acids, three feruloylquinic acids, and three dicaffeoylquinic acids) identified, 5-caffeoylquinic acid contained the greatest amount both in regular (883.5 microg/mL) and in decaffeinated (1032.6 microg/mL) coffees; it exhibited 24.5% activity by the MA-GC assay and 45.3% activity by the TBA assay at a level of 10 microg/mL. Caffeic and ferulic acids showed moderate antioxidant activities in both assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Fujioka
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
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Qian MC, Wang Y. Seasonal Variation of Volatile Composition and Odor Activity Value of‘Marion’(Rubus spp. hyb) and‘Thornless Evergreen’(R. laciniatus L.) Blackberries. J Food Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb09013.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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TODA SHIZUO. ANTIOXIDATIVE EFFECTS OF POLYPHENOLS FROM LEAVES OF ARTEMISIA PRINCEPS PAMP. ON LIPID PEROXIDATION IN VITRO. J Food Biochem 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2005.00033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wang Y, Finn C, Qian MC. Impact of growing environment on chickasaw blackberry (Rubus L.) aroma evaluated by gas chromatography olfactometry dilution analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2005; 53:3563-3571. [PMID: 15853402 DOI: 10.1021/jf048102m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aroma extract of Chickasaw blackberry (Rubus L.) was separated with silica gel normal phase chromatography into six fractions. Gas chromatography-olfactometry (GCO) was performed on each fraction to identify aroma active compounds. Aroma extraction dilution analysis (AEDA) was employed to characterize the aroma profile of Chickasaw blackberries from two growing regions of the United States: Oregon and Arkansas. Comparative AEDA analysis showed that the berries grown in the two regions had similar aroma compositions; however, those odorants had various aroma impacts in each region. The compounds with high flavor dilution factors in Oregon's Chickasaw were ethyl butanoate, linalool, methional, trans,cis-2,6-nonadienal, cis-1,5-octadien-3-one, and 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone, whereas in the Chickasaw grown in Arkansas, they were ethyl butanoate, linalool, methional, ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, beta-damascenone, and geraniol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University, 100 Wiegand Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-6602, USA
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Toda S. Inhibitory Effects of Polyphenols in Leaves ofArtemisia princepsPAMP on Protein Fragmentation by Cu(II)-H2O2In Vitro. J Med Food 2004; 7:52-4. [PMID: 15117553 DOI: 10.1089/109662004322984707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Artemisia princeps PAMP have traditionally been used as teas and foods in Japan. Polyphenols in Artemisia plants have been shown to have inhibitory effects against biological damages. The inhibitory effects of polyphenols in the leaves of A. princeps PAMP were investigated on protein fragmentation induced by Cu(II)-H(2)O(2) in vitro. The total polyphenol content in the leaves of A. princeps PAMP was 4.58%. The condensed tannin content was 0.62% by vanillin assay and 0.14% by proanthrocyanidin assay. The polyphenols in the leaves of A. princeps PAMP inhibited bovine albumin fragmentation by Cu(II)-H(2)O(2). The effects of polyphenols in the leaves of A. princeps PAMP were similar to those of tannic acid, studied as a related polyphenol. These results demonstrated that the leaves of A. princeps PAMP have inhibitory effects on protein fragmentation damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuo Toda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Sen-nan, Osaka, Japan.
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Fang Y, Qian M. Aroma compounds in Oregon Pinot Noir wine determined by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). FLAVOUR FRAG J 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
The objective of this research was to examine the radical scavenging activity of traditional Japanese herbs. Samples used in the experiments were gennoshoko (Geranium nepalense var. thunbergii), yomogi (Artemisia vulgaris var.indica), senburi (Swertia japonica), iwa-tobacco (Conandron ramondioides), sarunokoshikake (Elfvingia applanata), kanzo (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) and matatabi (Actinidia polygama). The water-soluble components of the herbs were extracted in boiling water, and the volatile oil was extracted by a distillation apparatus or steeping in some organic solvents such as petroleum ether and ethyl ether. The radical scavenging activity was determined by the decrease of free radicals of DPPH detected by both colorimetric assay and HPLC method at 517 nm. The extracts of gennoshoko, yomogi and iwa-tobacco showed remarkable radical scavenging activity. The volatile oil of yomogi obtained by distillation or steeping in organic solvents had especially strong antioxidative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Xiufen
- Department of Food Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, PR of China
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Yanagimoto K, Ochi H, Lee KG, Shibamoto T. Antioxidative activities of volatile extracts from green tea, oolong tea, and black tea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2003; 51:7396-7401. [PMID: 14640590 DOI: 10.1021/jf030127i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidative activities of volatile extracts from six teas (one green tea, one oolong tea, one roasted green tea, and three black teas) were investigated using an aldehyde/carboxylic acid assay and a conjugated diene assay. The samples were tested at levels of 20, 50, 100, and 200 micrograms/mL of dichloromethane. The results obtained from the two assays were consistent. All extracts except roasted green tea exhibited dose-dependent inhibitory activity in the aldehyde/carboxylic acid assay. A volatile extract from green tea exhibited the most potent activity in both assays among the six extracts. It inhibited hexanal oxidation by almost 100% over 40 days at the level of 200 micrograms/mL. The extract from oolong tea inhibited hexanal oxidation by 50% in 15 days. In the case of the extract from roasted green tea, the lowest antioxidative activity was obtained at the level of 200 micrograms/mL, suggesting that the extract from roasted green tea contained some pro-oxidants. The extracts from the three black teas showed slight anti- or proactivities in both assays. The major volatile constituents of green tea and roasted green tea extracts, which exhibited significant antioxidative activities, were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major volatile chemicals with possible antioxidative activity identified were alkyl compounds with double bond(s), such as 3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol (8.04 mg/kg), in the extract from green tea and heterocyclic compounds, such as furfural (7.67 mg/kg), in the extract from roasted green tea. Benzyl alcohol, which was proved to be an antioxidant, was identified both in a green tea extract (4.67 mg/kg) and in a roasted tea extract (1.35 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Yanagimoto
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California 95616
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Umano K, Hagi Y, Shibamoto T. Volatile chemicals identified in extracts from newly hybrid citrus, dekopon (Shiranuhi mandarin Suppl. J.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2002; 50:5355-5359. [PMID: 12207474 DOI: 10.1021/jf0203951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Extracts from the peel and flesh of a citrus fruit, dekopon (Shiranuhi mandarin Suppl. J.), were obtained under reduced pressure followed by dichloromethane extraction. A total of 127 volatile chemicals were identified in the extracts using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). They included 11 monoterpenes, 32 monoterpenoids, 9 sesquiterpenes, 5 sesquiterpenoids, 20 aliphatic alcohols, 14 aliphatic esters, 15 aliphatic aldehydes and ketones, 7 aliphatic acids, and 10 miscellaneous compounds. The major volatile constituents of the extract from the peel were d-limonene (2380.33 mg/kg), myrcene (36.54 mg/kg), bisabolene (30.03 mg/kg), sabinene (21.12 mg/kg), trans-beta-ocimene (16.96 mg/kg), valencene (12.84 mg/kg), decanal (8.14 mg/kg), beta-phellandrene (4.53 mg/kg), citronellol (4.51 mg/kg), 4-terpineol (4.50 mg/kg), linalool (4.13 mg/kg), and citronellyl acetate (3.63 mg/kg). The major volatile constituents of the extract from the flesh were ethyl acetate (21.54 mg/kg), acetoin (7.23 mg/kg), 3-methylbutanol (2.79 mg/kg), p-mentha-cis-2,8-dien-1-ol (1.01 mg/kg), 3-methylbutanoic acid (0.95 mg/kg), isobutanol (0.59 mg/kg), trans-isopiperitenol (0.58 mg/kg), p-mentha-trans-2,8-dien-1-ol, and trans-carveol (0.44 mg/kg). Compositions of volatile chemicals in peel and flesh extract were considerably different: the peel extract was rich in terpenes, whereas the flesh extract was rich in aliphatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katumi Umano
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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