1
|
Gorbunov VA, Uliankina AI, Akimenko SS, Myshlyavtsev AV. Tensor renormalization group study of orientational ordering in simple models of adsorption monolayers. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:014133. [PMID: 37583228 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.014133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
A simple lattice model of the orientational ordering in organic adsorption layers that considers the directionality of intermolecular interactions is proposed. The symmetry and the number of rotational states of the adsorbed molecule are the main parameters of the model. The model takes into account both the isotropic and directional contributions to the molecule-molecule interaction potential. Using several special cases of this model, we have shown that the tensor renormalization group (TRG) approach can be successfully used for the analysis of orientational ordering in organic adsorption layers with directed intermolecular interactions. Adsorption isotherms, potential energy, and entropy have been calculated for the model adsorption layers differing in the molecule symmetry and the number of rotational states. The calculated thermodynamic characteristics show that entropy effects play a significant role in the self-assembly of dense phases of the molecular layers. All the results obtained with the TRG have been verified by the standard Monte Carlo method. The proposed model reproduces the main features of the phase behavior of the real adsorption layers of benzoic, terephthalic, and trimesic acids on a homogeneous surface of metal single crystals and graphite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V A Gorbunov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Omsk State Technical University, 11 Mira Avenue, Omsk 644050, Russian Federation
| | - A I Uliankina
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Omsk State Technical University, 11 Mira Avenue, Omsk 644050, Russian Federation
| | - S S Akimenko
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Omsk State Technical University, 11 Mira Avenue, Omsk 644050, Russian Federation
| | - A V Myshlyavtsev
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Omsk State Technical University, 11 Mira Avenue, Omsk 644050, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tang R, Song Y, Zhang L, Shi Z. Engineering Two-Dimensional Multilevel Supramolecular Assemblies from a Bifunctional Ligand on Au(111). Molecules 2023; 28:5116. [PMID: 37446778 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate the supramolecular assemblies from a bifunctional ligand on Au(111), towards engineering two-dimensional (metal-) organic multilevel nanostructures. The bifunctional ligand employed, including two Br atoms and one carboxylic terminal, offers multiple bonding motifs with different configurations and binding energies. These bonding motifs are highly self-selective and self-recognizable, and thus afford the formation of subunits that contribute to engineering multilevel self-assemblies. Our scanning tunneling microscopy experiments, in combination with the density functional theory calculations, revealed various hydrogen, halogen and alkali-carboxylate bonding motifs dictating the different levels of the assemblies. The multilevel assembly protocol based on a judicious choice of multiple bonding motifs guarantees a deliberate control of surface-confined (metal-) organic nanostructures. Our findings may present new opportunities for the fabrication of complex two-dimensional (metal-) organic nanostructures with potential in applications of functionally diverse nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongyu Tang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yang Song
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ziliang Shi
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Beiranvand R, Dekamin MG. Trimesic acid-functionalized chitosan: A novel and efficient multifunctional organocatalyst for green synthesis of polyhydroquinolines and acridinediones under mild conditions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16315. [PMID: 37260895 PMCID: PMC10227330 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Trimesic acid-functionalized chitosan (Cs/ECH-TMA) material was prepared through a simple procedure by using inexpensive and commercially available chitosan (Cs), epichlorohydrin (ECH) linker and trimesic acid (TMA). The obtained bio-based Cs/ECH-TMA material was characterized using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The Cs/ECH-TMA material was successfully used, as a multifunctional heterogeneous and sustainable catalyst, for efficient and expeditious synthesis of medicinally important polyhydroquinoline (PHQ) and polyhydroacridinedione (PHA) scaffolds through the Hantzsch condensation in a one-pot reaction. Indeed, the heterogeneous Cs/ECH-TMA material can be considered as a synergistic multifunctional organocatalyst due to the presence of a large number of acidic active sites in its structure as well as hydrophilicity. Both PHQs and PHAs were synthesized in the presence of biodegradable heterogeneous Cs/ECH-TMA catalytic system from their corresponding substrates in EtOH under reflux conditions and high to quantitative yields. The Cs/ECH-TMA catalyst is recyclable and can be reused at least four times without significant loss of its catalytic activity.
Collapse
|
4
|
Shi J, Li Z, Lin T, Shi Z. Successive Deprotonation Steering the Structural Evolution of Supramolecular Assemblies on Ag(111). MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123876. [PMID: 35744999 PMCID: PMC9231327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate the structural evolution of a two-dimensional (2D) supramolecular assembly system, which is steered by the thermally activated deprotonation of the primary organic building blocks on a Ag(111) surface. Scanning tunneling microscopy revealed that a variety of structures, featuring distinct structural, chiral, and intermolecular bonding characters, emerged with the gradual thermal treatments. According to our structural analysis, in combination with density function theory calculations, the structural evolution can be attributed to the successive deprotonation of the organic building blocks due to the inductive effect. Our finding offers a facile strategy towards controlling the supramolecular assembly pathways and provides a comprehensive understanding of the 2D crystal engineering on surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Shi
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
| | - Zhanbo Li
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China;
| | - Tao Lin
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China;
- Correspondence: (T.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Ziliang Shi
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
- Correspondence: (T.L.); (Z.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li C, Meng X, Weismann A, von Glasenapp JS, Hamer S, Xiang F, Pignedoli CA, Herges R, Berndt R. Effect of an axial ligand on the self-assembly of molecular platforms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:28864-28869. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04760h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sub-monolayer amounts of trioxatriangulenium (TOTA) molecules functionalized with biphenyl on Ag(111) were investigated with scanning tunnelling microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Xiangzhi Meng
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Weismann
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Simon von Glasenapp
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hamer
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Feifei Xiang
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Carlo A. Pignedoli
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wisman DL, Kim H, Kim C, Morris TW, Lee D, Tait SL. Variations in Complementary Hydrogen Bonds Direct Assembly Patterns of Isosteric Polyheteroaromatics at Surfaces. Chemistry 2021; 27:13887-13893. [PMID: 34232531 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Intermolecular interactions guide self-assembly on the surface. Precise control over these interactions by rational design of the molecule should allow fine control over the self-assembly patterns. Functional groups installed for electronic modulation often induce significant changes in the molecular dimensions, thereby disrupting the original assembly pattern. To overcome this challenge, we have employed a family of isosteric phenazine derivatives, DHP, DAP, and DBQD, to investigate the impacts of hydrogen bonding on two-dimensional molecular self-assembly. While these molecules are similar in size and chemical composition, the strength and directionality of hydrogen bonding differ significantly depending on the chemical structure of donor-acceptor pairs and prototropic tautomerization from positional isomerism. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) characterization of the assembled structures on Ag(111), Au(111), and Cu(100) surfaces revealed that minimal changes in molecular structure have a profound impact on the self-assembly patterns. While DHP exhibits highly ordered and robust assemblies, DAP and DBQD show either spatially confined or ill-defined assemblies. In conjunction with hydrogen bonding, prototropic tautomerism is a potent strategy to modulate molecular 2D lattices on surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David L Wisman
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 47405, USA.,NAVSEA Crane, Crane, Indiana, 47522, USA
| | - Heechan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Chungryeol Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Tobias W Morris
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 47405, USA
| | - Dongwhan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Steven L Tait
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 47405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang J, Zheng Y, Nie X, Xu C, Hao Z, Song L, You S, Xi J, Pan M, Lin H, Li Y, Zhang H, Li Q, Chi L. Constructing and Transferring Two-Dimensional Tessellation Kagome Lattices via Chemical Reactions on Cu(111) Surface. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8151-8156. [PMID: 34410130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) tessellation of organic species acquired increased interests recently because of their potential applications in physics, biology, and chemistry. 2D tessellations have been successfully constructed on surfaces via various intermolecular interactions. However, the transformation between 2D tessellation lattices has been rarely reported. Herein, we successfully fabricated two types of Kagome lattices on Cu(111). The former phase exhibits (3,6,3,6) Kagome lattices, which are stabilized via the intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions. The latter phase is formed through direct chemical transferring from the former one maintaining almost the same Kagome lattices, except for that the unit cell rotates for 4°. Detailed scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional calculation studies reveal that the chemical transformation is achieved by the formation of the N-Cu-N metal-organic bonds via dehydrogenation reactions of the amines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjing Zheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Nie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojie Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengming Hao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Luying Song
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Sifan You
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Xi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Minghu Pan
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Lin
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Han S, Mullins CB. Current Progress and Future Directions in Gas-Phase Metal-Organic Framework Thin-Film Growth. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5433-5442. [PMID: 32785977 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of materials as a thin film is important for various applications, such as sensors, microelectronic devices, and membranes. There have been breakthroughs in gas-phase metal-organic framework (MOF) thin-film growth, which is more applicable to micro- and nanofabrication processes and also less harmful to the environment than solvent-based methods. Three different types of gas-phase MOF thin film deposition methods have been developed using chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), and physical vapor deposition (PVD)-CVD combined techniques. The CVD-based method basically converts metal oxide layers into MOF thin films by exposing the surface to ligand vapor. The ALD-based method allows growing MOF thin films following layer-by-layer (LBL) growth by sequentially exposing gas-phase metal and ligand precursors. The PVD-CVD method uses PVD for metal deposition and CVD for ligand deposition, which is similar to LBL growth. These gas-phase growth methods can broaden the use of MOFs in diverse areas. Herein, the current progress of gas-phase MOF thin film growth is discussed and future directions suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712-0231, United States
| | - C Buddie Mullins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712-0231, United States
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Electrochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712-0231, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li Q, Yan L, Wang Z, Lu Y, Wei S, Liu X, Wang L. Surface-mediated construction of diverse coordination-dominated nanostructures with 4-azidobenzoic acid molecule. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:044704. [PMID: 32007031 DOI: 10.1063/1.5134025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The coordination reactions of 4-Azidobenzoic Acid (ABA) molecules on different active surfaces are studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations. ABA molecules deposited on Ag(111)/Ag(100)/Cu(100) held at room temperature lead to the decomposition of azide groups and the release of a N2 molecule per ABA molecule. Two residual segments of ABA molecules can interact with one Ag/Cu adatom to form a coordination dimer through the N-Ag/Cu-N coordination bond on different substrates. Different orientations with different symmetries can result in different nanostructures based on the dimers. Interestingly, the residual segments of ABA molecules can generate four Cu adatoms as the coordination center on Cu(100) to form a novel coordination complex after annealing, which is the first report for trapping four adatoms as a coordination center. The number and the species of adatoms captured can be changed to alter coordination structures. It expounds that various regulatory effects of different substrates lead to the diversity of nanostructures dominated by coordination bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiujie Li
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Luyao Yan
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhongping Wang
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou Q, Ma Y, Ma X, Luo X, Zheng S, Nan Y, Ou E, Wang K, Xu W. Synthesis of nanoporous graphenes via decarboxylation reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6336-6339. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01913e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new crystalline structures of nanoporous graphenes were synthesized via decarboxylation reaction and provided an ideal platform for oxygen evolution reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiulan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Yaping Ma
- Department of Physics
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xuhang Ma
- Department of Physics
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xiaohu Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Shizhao Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Material Research
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology
- Shenzhen Graduate School
- Peking University
- Shenzhen
| | - Yanxia Nan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Encai Ou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Kedong Wang
- Department of Physics
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Weijian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Carloni LE, Bezzu CG, Bonifazi D. Patterning Porous Networks through Self-Assembly of Programmed Biomacromolecules. Chemistry 2019; 25:16179-16200. [PMID: 31491049 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) porous networks are of great interest for the fabrication of complex organized functional materials for potential applications in nanotechnologies and nanoelectronics. This review aims at providing an overview of bottom-up approaches towards the engineering of 2D porous networks by using biomacromolecules, with a particular focus on nucleic acids and proteins. The first part illustrates how the advancements in DNA nanotechnology allowed for the attainment of complex ordered porous two-dimensional DNA nanostructures, thanks to a biomimetic approach based on DNA molecules self-assembly through specific hydrogen-bond base pairing. The second part focuses the attention on how polypeptides and proteins structural properties could be used to engineer organized networks templating the formation of multifunctional materials. The structural organization of all examples is discussed as revealed by scanning probe microscopy or transmission electron microscopy imaging techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laure-Elie Carloni
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - C Grazia Bezzu
- Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cui P, McMahon DP, Spackman PR, Alston BM, Little MA, Day GM, Cooper AI. Mining predicted crystal structure landscapes with high throughput crystallisation: old molecules, new insights. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9988-9997. [PMID: 32055355 PMCID: PMC6991173 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02832c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New crystal forms of two well-studied organic molecules are identified in a computationally targeted way, by combining structure prediction with a robotic crystallisation screen, including a ‘hidden’ porous polymorph of trimesic acid.
Organic molecules tend to close pack to form dense structures when they are crystallised from organic solvents. Porous molecular crystals defy this rule: they contain open space, which is typically stabilised by inclusion of solvent in the interconnected pores during crystallisation. The design and discovery of such structures is often challenging and time consuming, in part because it is difficult to predict solvent effects on crystal form stability. Here, we combine crystal structure prediction (CSP) with a robotic crystallisation screen to accelerate the discovery of stable hydrogen-bonded frameworks. We exemplify this strategy by finding new phases of two well-studied molecules in a computationally targeted way. Specifically, we find a new ‘hidden’ porous polymorph of trimesic acid, δ-TMA, that has a guest-free hexagonal pore structure, as well as three new solvent-stabilized diamondoid frameworks of adamantane-1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic acid (ADTA). Beyond porous solids, this hybrid computational–experimental approach could be applied to a wide range of materials problems, such as organic electronics and drug formulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , L7 3NY , UK .
| | - David P McMahon
- Computational Systems Chemistry , School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK .
| | - Peter R Spackman
- Computational Systems Chemistry , School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK . .,Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design , Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , L7 3NY , UK
| | - Ben M Alston
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , L7 3NY , UK . .,Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design , Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , L7 3NY , UK
| | - Marc A Little
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , L7 3NY , UK .
| | - Graeme M Day
- Computational Systems Chemistry , School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK .
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , L7 3NY , UK . .,Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design , Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , L7 3NY , UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Abyazisani M, Bradford J, Motta N, Lipton-Duffin J, MacLeod J. Adsorption, Deprotonation, and Decarboxylation of Isophthalic Acid on Cu(111). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7112-7120. [PMID: 31117744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The surface-assisted reaction of rationally designed organic precursors is an emerging approach toward fabricating atomically precise nanostructures. Recently, on-surface decarboxylation has attracted attention due to its volatile by-products, which tend to leave the surface during the reaction means only the desired products are retained on the surface. However, in addition to acting as the reactive site, the carboxylic acid groups play a vital role in the adsorption configuration of small-molecule molecular precursors and therefore in the reaction pathways. Here, scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (SRPES), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy have been employed to characterize the monodeprotonated, fully deprotonated, and decarboxylated products of isophthalic acid (IPA) on Cu(111). IPA is partially reacted (monodeprotonated) upon adsorption on Cu(111) at room temperature. Angular-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that IPA initially anchors to the surface via the carboxylate group. After annealing, the molecule fully deprotonates and reorients so that it anchors to the surface via both carboxylate groups in a bipodal configuration. NEXAFS confirms that the molecule is tilted upon adsorption and after full deprotonation. Following decarboxylation, the flat-lying molecule forms into oligomeric motifs on the surface. This work demonstrates the importance of molecular adsorption geometry for on-surface reactions.
Collapse
|
15
|
Cheng CC, Muhabie AA, Huang SY, Wu CY, Gebeyehu BT, Lee AW, Lai JY, Lee DJ. Dual stimuli-responsive supramolecular boron nitride with tunable physical properties for controlled drug delivery. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:10393-10401. [PMID: 31111133 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09537j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The new concept of modifying and tailoring the properties of existing two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials by invoking the assembly of supramolecular networks upon association with a adenine-functionalized macromer (A-PPG) has significant potential to facilitate the development of highly water-dispersible few-layered 2D nanosheets. In this study, we propose that water-soluble A-PPG directly self-assembles into a long-period stacking-ordered lamellar structure over the surface of hexagonal boron nitride (BN) in aqueous solution, due to the efficient non-covalent interactions between A-PPG and BN nanosheets. The layer number of BN nanosheets can be easily tuned by altering the mass ratio of the A-PPG and BN blend, and the resulting exfoliated nanosheets also exhibit excellent temperature/pH-responsive behavior, biocompatibility and extremely high drug-loading capacity (up to 36.2%), features that are highly desirable yet exceedingly rare in traditional 2D nanomaterials. Importantly, in vitro drug release studies showed the drug-loaded nanosheets function as a stable nanocarrier with excellent stability and drug entrapment under normal physiological conditions. Increasing the environmental temperature to 40 °C or decreasing the pH to 5.5 triggered rapid release of the encapsulated drug from the drug-loaded nanosheets, suggesting this newly developed material has potential as a novel multi-responsive 2D nanocarrier to safely deliver drugs and effectively facilitate controlled drug release under specific microenvironmental conditions. This study provides new insight towards the promising application of this system in controlled release drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pigot C, Dumur F. Recent Advances of Hierarchical and Sequential Growth of Macromolecular Organic Structures on Surface. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12040662. [PMID: 30813327 PMCID: PMC6416628 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of macromolecular organic structures on surfaces is one major concern in materials science. Nanoribbons, linear polymers, and porous nanostructures have gained a lot of interest due to their possible applications ranging from nanotemplates, catalysis, optoelectronics, sensors, or data storage. During decades, supramolecular chemistry has constituted an unavoidable approach for the design of well-organized structures on surfaces displaying a long-range order. Following these initial works, an important milestone has been established with the formation of covalent bonds between molecules. Resulting from this unprecedented approach, various nanostructures of improved thermal and chemical stability compared to those obtained by supramolecular chemistry and displaying unique and unprecedented properties have been developed. However, a major challenge exists: the growth control is very delicate and a thorough understanding of the complex mechanisms governing the on-surface chemistry is still needed. Recently, a new approach consisting in elaborating macromolecular structures by combining consecutive steps has been identified as a promising strategy to elaborate organic structures on surface. By designing precursors with a preprogrammed sequence of reactivity, a hierarchical or a sequential growth of 1D and 2D structures can be realized. In this review, the different reaction combinations used for the design of 1D and 2D structures are reported. To date, eight different sequences of reactions have been examined since 2008, evidencing the intense research activity existing in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Pigot
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France.
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Svane KL, Baviloliaei MS, Hammer B, Diekhöner L. An extended chiral surface coordination network based on Ag7-clusters. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:164710. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5051510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katrine L. Svane
- iNANO, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mahdi S. Baviloliaei
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bjørk Hammer
- iNANO, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lars Diekhöner
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Potential Driven Non-Reactive Phase Transitions of Ordered Porphyrin Molecules on Iodine-Modified Au(100): An Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (EC-STM) Study. SURFACES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/surfaces1010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The modelling of long-range ordered nanostructures is still a major issue for the scientific community. In this work, the self-assembly of redox-active tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)-porphyrin cations (H2TMPyP) on an iodine-modified Au(100) electrode surface has been studied by means of Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and in-situ Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (EC-STM) with submolecular resolution. While the CV measurements enable conclusions about the charge state of the organic species, in particular, the potentio-dynamic in situ STM results provide new insights into the self-assembly phenomena at the solid-liquid interface. In this work, we concentrate on the regime of positive electrode potentials in which the adsorbed molecules are not reduced yet. In this potential regime, the spontaneous adsorption of the H2TMPyP molecules on the anion precovered surface yields the formation of up to five different potential-dependent long-range ordered porphyrin phases. Potentio-dynamic STM measurements, as a function of the applied electrode potential, show that the existing ordered phases are the result of a combination of van der Waals and electrostatic interactions.
Collapse
|
19
|
Cao N, Ding J, Yang B, Zhang J, Peng C, Lin H, Zhang H, Li Q, Chi L. Deprotonation-Induced Phase Evolutions in Co-Assembled Molecular Structures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:7852-7858. [PMID: 29886745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we systematically studied the co-assembly behavior of 1,3,5-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene (TCPB) and 4,4″-diamino- p-terphenyl (DATP) on a silver surface. Due to the thermal instability of carboxylic acids, the co-assembled structure exhibits temperature-dependent evolutions on Ag(111). The level of the deprotonation reactions of TCPB are clarified by the characteristic self-assembled footprints. Aided by these footprints, we are able to identify the structures of the complex co-assembly of TCPB and DATP entities at each stage. Finally, the conclusions are further evidenced by density functional theory calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Jinqiang Ding
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Biao Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Chencheng Peng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Haiping Lin
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lipton-Duffin J, Abyazisani M, MacLeod J. Periodic and nonperiodic chiral self-assembled networks from 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid on Ag(111). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8316-8319. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04380a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An activated reaction can lead to a diversity of intermolecular bonding motifs through partially-reacted molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Lipton-Duffin
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
- Institute for Future Environments
| | - Maryam Abyazisani
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Jennifer MacLeod
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
- Institute for Future Environments
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yan L, Kuang G, Lin N. Phase separation and selective guest–host binding in multi-component supramolecular self-assembly on Au(111). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:10570-10573. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04491k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We find a phase separation and selective guest–host inclusion in the self-assembly of trimesic acid, benzenetribenzoic acid and coronene on Au(111).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Yan
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- China
| | - Guowen Kuang
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Supramolecular networks stabilise and functionalise black phosphorus. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1385. [PMID: 29123112 PMCID: PMC5680224 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01797-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited stability of the surface of black phosphorus (BP) under atmospheric conditions is a significant constraint on the exploitation of this layered material and its few layer analogue, phosphorene, as an optoelectronic material. Here we show that supramolecular networks stabilised by hydrogen bonding can be formed on BP, and that these monolayer-thick films can passivate the BP surface and inhibit oxidation under ambient conditions. The supramolecular layers are formed by solution deposition and we use atomic force microscopy to obtain images of the BP surface and hexagonal supramolecular networks of trimesic acid and melamine cyanurate (CA.M) under ambient conditions. The CA.M network is aligned with rows of phosphorus atoms and forms large domains which passivate the BP surface for more than a month, and also provides a stable supramolecular platform for the sequential deposition of 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene to form supramolecular heterostructures.
Collapse
|
23
|
Schäfer P, Lalitha A, Sebastian P, Meena SK, Feliu J, Sulpizi M, van der Veen MA, Domke KF. Trimesic acid on Cu in ethanol: Potential-dependent transition from 2-D adsorbate to 3-D metal-organic framework. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
24
|
Geng YF, Li P, Li JZ, Zhang XM, Zeng QD, Wang C. STM probing the supramolecular coordination chemistry on solid surface: Structure, dynamic, and reactivity. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
25
|
Zhang H, Chi L. Gold-Organic Hybrids: On-Surface Synthesis and Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:10492-10498. [PMID: 27628247 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gold-organic hybrids can be prepared on gold substrates by on-surface dehalogenation of molecular precursors with multiple halogen substituents. Various contact geometries of covalent arylAu bonds are achieved by changing the halogen substituents in the bay or peri regions. Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) investigations allow a better understanding of the structure/property relationships in various gold-aryl contacts. Recent progress on the synthesis, large-scale alignment, and STS measurement of gold-organic hybrids is described, ending with an emphasis on potential future applications, e.g., as precursors (intermediates) for the synthesis of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) on insulating surfaces, and as a model system to investigate the role of covalent arylAu bonds in electron transport through gold-GNR contacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Aitchison H, Lu H, Hogan SWL, Früchtl H, Cebula I, Zharnikov M, Buck M. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Oligophenylenecarboxylic Acids on Silver Formed at the Liquid-Solid Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:9397-9409. [PMID: 27588836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of para-oligophenylene mono- and dicarboxylic acids (R-(C6H4)nCOOH, n = 1-3, R = H,COOH) was studied. Adsorbed on Au(111)/mica modified by an underpotential deposited bilayer of Ag, the self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were analyzed by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy. In all cases SAMs are formed with molecules adopting an upright orientation and anchored to the substrate by a carboxylate. Except benzoic acid, all SAMs could be imaged at molecular resolution, which revealed highly crystalline layers with a dense molecular packing. The structures of the SAMs are described by a rectangular (5 × √3) unit cell for the prevailing phase of the monocarboxylic acids and an oblique ([Formula: see text]) unit cell for the dicarboxylic acids, thus evidencing a pronounced influence of the second COOH moiety on the SAM structure. Density functional theory calculations suggest that hydrogen bonding between the SAM-terminating COOH moieties accounts for the difference. Contrasting other classes of SAMs, the systems studied here are determined by intermolecular interactions whereas molecule-substrate interactions play a secondary role. Thus, eliminating problems arising from the mismatch between the molecular and the substrate lattices, coordinatively bonded carboxylic acids on silver should provide considerable flexibility in the design of SAM structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Aitchison
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Lu
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon W L Hogan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Herbert Früchtl
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Izabela Cebula
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manfred Buck
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Held PA, Gao HY, Liu L, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Timmer A, Mönig H, Barton D, Neugebauer J, Fuchs H, Studer A. On-Surface Domino Reactions: Glaser Coupling and Dehydrogenative Coupling of a Biscarboxylic Acid To Form Polymeric Bisacylperoxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9777-82. [PMID: 27410485 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the on-surface oxidative homocoupling of 6,6'-(1,4-buta-1,3-diynyl)bis(2-naphthoic acid) (BDNA) via bisacylperoxide formation on different Au substrates. By using this unprecedented dehydrogenative polymerization of a biscarboxylic acid, linear poly-BDNA with a chain length of over 100 nm was prepared. It is shown that the monomer BDNA can be prepared in situ at the surface via on-surface Glaser coupling of 6-ethynyl-2-naphthoic acid (ENA). Under the Glaser coupling conditions, BDNA directly undergoes polymerization to give the polymeric peroxide (poly-BDNA) representing a first example of an on-surface domino reaction. It is shown that the reaction outcome varies as a function of surface topography (Au(111) or Au(100)) and also of the surface coverage, to give branched polymers, linear polymers, or 2D metal-organic networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Alexander Held
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hong-Ying Gao
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster, Germany. .,Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Lacheng Liu
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dennis Barton
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster, Germany. .,Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Held PA, Gao HY, Liu L, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Timmer A, Mönig H, Barton D, Neugebauer J, Fuchs H, Studer A. Oberflächen-Dominoreaktion: Glaser-Kupplung und dehydrierende Kupplung von Dicarbonsäuren unter Bildung eines polymeren Bisacylperoxids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Alexander Held
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Hong-Ying Gao
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Lacheng Liu
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Dennis Barton
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wen J, Li W, Chen S, Ma J. Simulations of molecular self-assembled monolayers on surfaces: packing structures, formation processes and functions tuned by intermolecular and interfacial interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:22757-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01049k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Simulations using QM and MM methods guide the rational design of functionalized SAMs on surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wen
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Shuang Chen
- Kuang Yaming Honors School
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Urgel JI, Cirera B, Wang Y, Auwärter W, Otero R, Gallego JM, Alcamí M, Klyatskaya S, Ruben M, Martín F, Miranda R, Ecija D, Barth JV. Surface-Supported Robust 2D Lanthanide-Carboxylate Coordination Networks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:6358-6364. [PMID: 26524215 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-based metal-organic compounds and architectures are promising systems for sensing, heterogeneous catalysis, photoluminescence, and magnetism. Herein, the fabrication of interfacial 2D lanthanide-carboxylate networks is introduced. This study combines low- and variable-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations addressing their design and electronic properties. The bonding of ditopic linear linkers to Gd centers on a Cu(111) surface gives rise to extended nanoporous grids, comprising mononuclear nodes featuring eightfold lateral coordination. XPS and DFT elucidate the nature of the bond, indicating ionic characteristics, which is also manifest in appreciable thermal stability. This study introduces a new generation of robust low-dimensional metallosupramolecular systems incorporating the functionalities of the f-block elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José I Urgel
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | | | - Yang Wang
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Roberto Otero
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Gallego
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, ,28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Alcamí
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Svetlana Klyatskaya
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- IPCMS-CNRS UMR 7504, Université de Strasbourg, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Fernando Martín
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Ecija
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dou R, Yang Y, Zhang P, Zhong D, Fuchs H, Wang Y, Chi L. Building chessboard-like supramolecular structures on Au(111) surfaces. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:385601. [PMID: 26314756 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/38/385601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate an anthracene derivative, 3(5)-(9-anthryl) pyrazole (ANP), self-assembled on the Au(111) surface by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A chessboard-like network structure composed of ANP molecules is found, covering the whole Au(111) substrate. Our STM results and DFT calculations reveal that the formation of chessboard-like networks originates from a basic unit cell, a tetramer structure, which is formed by four ANP molecules connected through C-H…N hydrogen bonds. The hydrogen bonds inside each tetramer and the molecule-substrate interaction are fundamentally important in providing a driving force for formation of the supramolecular networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruifen Dou
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
MacLeod JM, Lipton-Duffin JA, Cui D, De Feyter S, Rosei F. Substrate Effects in the Supramolecular Assembly of 1,3,5-Benzene Tricarboxylic Acid on Graphite and Graphene. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:7016-7024. [PMID: 25594568 DOI: 10.1021/la5048886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of small molecules on a surface depends critically on both molecule-substrate and intermolecular interactions. We present here a detailed comparative investigation of 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylic acid (trimesic acid, TMA) on two different surfaces: highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and single-layer graphene (SLG) grown on a polycrystalline Cu foil. On the basis of high-resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) images, we show that the epitaxy matrix for the hexagonal TMA chicken wire phase is identical on these two surfaces, and, using density functional theory (DFT) with a non-local van der Waals correlation contribution, we identify the most energetically favorable adsorption geometries. Simulated STM images based on these calculations suggest that the TMA lattice can stably adsorb on sites other than those identified to maximize binding interactions with the substrate. This is consistent with our net energy calculations that suggest that intermolecular interactions (TMA-TMA dimer bonding) are dominant over TMA-substrate interactions in stabilizing the system. STM images demonstrate the robustness of the TMA films on SLG, where the molecular network extends across the variable topography of the SLG substrates and remains intact after rinsing and drying the films. These results help to elucidate molecular behavior on SLG and suggest significant similarities between adsorption on HOPG and SLG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M MacLeod
- †INRS Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - J A Lipton-Duffin
- †INRS Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - D Cui
- †INRS Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - S De Feyter
- ‡Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Rosei
- †INRS Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada
- §Center for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Miller DP, Simpson S, Tymińska N, Zurek E. Benzene derivatives adsorbed to the Ag(111) surface: Binding sites and electronic structure. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:101924. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4908267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
| | - Scott Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
- School of Science, Penn State Erie, The Behrend College, 4205 College Drive, Erie, Pennsylvania 16563, USA
| | - Nina Tymińska
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Svane KL, Hammer B. Thermodynamic aspects of dehydrogenation reactions on noble metal surfaces. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:174705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4900628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
35
|
Šimėnas M, Ibenskas A, Tornau EE. Phase transition properties of the Bell-Lavis model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:042124. [PMID: 25375455 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.042124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Using Monte Carlo calculations we analyze the order and the universality class of phase transitions into a low-density (honeycomb) phase of a triangular antiferromagnetic three-state Bell-Lavis model. The results are obtained in a whole interval of chemical potential μ corresponding to the honeycomb phase. Our results demonstrate that the phase transitions might be attributed to the three-state Potts universality class for all μ values except for the edges of the honeycomb phase existence. At the honeycomb phase and the low-density gas phase boundary the transitions become of the first order. At another, honeycomb-to-frustrated phase boundary, we observe the approach to the crossover from the three-state Potts to the Ising model universality class. We also obtain the Schottky anomaly in the specific heat close to this edge. We show that the intermediate planar phase, found in a very similar antiferromagnetic triangular Blume-Capel model, does not occur in the Bell-Lavis model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Šimėnas
- Semiconductor Physics Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Goštauto 11, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - A Ibenskas
- Semiconductor Physics Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Goštauto 11, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - E E Tornau
- Semiconductor Physics Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Goštauto 11, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Spectroscopic, thermal and single crystal structure investigations of 2-bromotrimesic acid and its trimethyl ester analogue. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
37
|
Shayeganfar F, Rochefort A. Electronic properties of self-assembled trimesic acid monolayer on graphene. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:9707-9716. [PMID: 25072917 DOI: 10.1021/la501619b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of trimesic acid (TMA) on a graphene surface has been studied with density functional theory. By considering the adsorption of a single TMA molecule on different sites on graphene, we have been able to perform a detailed analysis of the equilibrium geometry, charge transfer, electronic properties in terms of density of states and band structure, and finally scanning tunneling microscopy simulations on those simple systems. The results for isolated adsorption were then compared to the behavior of the TMA unit within two different self-assembled monolayers. Our results indicate that structural deformations of TMA may significantly contribute to the magnitude of p-doping and band gap opening in graphene. The formation of a hydrogen bonding network within the assembly improves the stability of the adlayer, but its adhesion on graphene is significantly reduced. The magnitude of p-doping in graphene per TMA unit remains nearly constant from the isolated to the assembled systems, but the magnitude of the band gap opening appears to be strongly correlated with the breaking of symmetry of π-states of graphene by the TMA patterning on the surface. Our results suggest that polymorphism in self-assembled adlayers could be used to tune and control the electronic properties of graphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Shayeganfar
- Engineering Physics Department and Regroupement québécois sur les matériaux de pointe (RQMP), Polytechnique Montréal , Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Šimėnas M, Tornau EE. A model of melamine molecules ordering on metal surfaces. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:054701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4891245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
39
|
Ibenskas A, Šimėnas M, Tornau EE. Antiferromagnetic triangular Blume-Capel model with hard-core exclusions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:052144. [PMID: 25353776 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.052144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Using Monte Carlo simulation, we analyze phase transitions of two antiferromagnetic (AFM) triangular Blume-Capel (BC) models with AFM interactions between third-nearest neighbors. One model has hard-core exclusions between the nearest-neighbor (1NN) particles (3NN1 model) and the other has them between the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor particles (3NN12 model). Finite-size scaling analysis reveals that in these models, the transition from the paramagnetic to long-range order (LRO) AFM phase is either of the first order or goes through an intermediate phase which might be attributed to the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) type. The properties of the low-temperature phase transition to the AFM phase of the 1NN, 3NN1, and 3NN12 models are found to be very similar for almost all values of a normalized single-ion anisotropy parameter, 0 < δ < 1.5. Higher temperature behavior of the 3NN12 and 3NN1 models is rather different from that of the 1NN model. Three phase transitions are observed for the 3NN12 model: from the paramagnetic phase to the phase with domains of the LRO AFM phase at T(c), from this structure to the diluted frustrated BKT-type phase at T(2), and from the frustrated phase to the AFM LRO phase at T(1). For the 3NN12 model, T(c) > T(2) > T(1) at 0 < δ < 1.15 (range I), T(c) ≈ T(2) > T(1) at 1.15 < δ < 1.3 (range II), and T(c) = T(2) = T(1) at 1.3 < δ < 1.5 (range III). For the 3NN1 model, T(c) ≈ T(2) > T(1) at 0 < δ < 1.2 (range II) and T(c) = T(2) = T(1) at 1.2 < δ < 1.5 (range III). There is only one first-order phase transition in range III. The transition at T(c) is of the first order in range II and either of a weak first order or a second order in range I.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ibenskas
- Semiconductor Physics Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Goštauto 11, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - M Šimėnas
- Semiconductor Physics Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Goštauto 11, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - E E Tornau
- Semiconductor Physics Institute, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Goštauto 11, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Baviloliaei MS, Diekhöner L. Molecular self-assembly at nanometer scale modulated surfaces: trimesic acid on Ag(111), Cu(111) and Ag/Cu(111). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:11265-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01429d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A modulated substrate strongly influences the self-assembly of trimesic acid: from disorder at room temperature to perfect order upon annealing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Diekhöner
- Aalborg Universitet
- Institut for Fysik og Nanoteknologi
- 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xie YC, Tang L, Guo Q. Cooperative assembly of magic number C60-Au complexes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:186101. [PMID: 24237540 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.186101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the assembly of magic number (C60)m-(Au)n complexes on the Au(111) surface. These complexes have a unique structure consisting of a single atomic layer Au island wrapped by a self-selected number (seven, ten, or twelve) of C(60) molecules. The smallest structure consisting of 7 C60 molecules and 19 Au atoms, stable up to 400 K, has a preferred orientation on the surface. We propose a globalized metal-organic coordination mechanism for the stability of the (C(60))(m)-(Au)n complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Chun Xie
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Šimėnas M, Tornau EE. Pin-wheel hexagons: A model for anthraquinone ordering on Cu(111). J Chem Phys 2013; 139:154711. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4825079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
43
|
Iancu V, Braun KF, Schouteden K, Van Haesendonck C. Probing the electronic properties of trimesic acid nanoporous networks on Au(111). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:11593-11599. [PMID: 23944842 DOI: 10.1021/la402282x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays molecular nanoporous networks have numerous uses in surface nanopatterning applications and in studies of host-guest interactions. Trimesic acid (TMA), a benzene derivative with three carboxylic groups, is a marvelous building block for forming 2D H-bonded porous networks. Here, we report a low-temperature study of the nanoporous "chicken-wire" superstructure formed by TMA molecules adsorbed on a Au(111) surface. Distinct preferential orientations of the porous networks on Au(111) lead to the formation of peculiar TMA polymorphs that are stabilized only at the boundary between rotational molecular domains. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy are used to investigate the electronic properties of both the molecular building blocks and the pores. Sub-molecular-resolution imaging and spatially resolved electronic spectroscopy reveal a remarkable change in the appearance of the molecules in the STM images at energies in the range of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, accompanied by highly extended molecular wave functions into the pores. The electronic structure of the pores reflects a weak confinement of surface electrons by the TMA network. Our experimental observations are corroborated by density-functional-theory-based calculations of the nanoporous structure adsorbed on Au(111).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Iancu
- Laboratory of Solid-State Physics and Magnetism, KU Leuven , BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cebula I, Smith E, Gimenez-Lopez MC, Yang S, Schröder M, Champness NR, Beton PH. Packing of Isophthalate Tetracarboxylic Acids on Au(111): Rows and Disordered Herringbone Structures. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2013; 117:18381-18385. [PMID: 24163714 PMCID: PMC3806148 DOI: 10.1021/jp402333m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) has been used to investigate the formation of hydrogen-bonded structures of the isophthalate tetracarboxylic acids, biphenyl-3,3',5,5'-tetracarboxylic acid (BPTC), terphenyl-3,3″,5,5″-tetracarboxylic acid (TPTC), and quarterphenyl-3,3‴,5,5‴-tetracarboxylic acid (QPTC), via deposition from solution onto Au(111). STM data reveal that ordered structures can be formed from an aqueous solution leading to the formation of rows for the shortest acid BPTC, while the longer molecules TPTC and QPTC adopt a herringbone-like structure with significant degrees of disorder. The influence of solvent and substrate on the molecular ordering is discussed, and density functional theory is used to identify molecular models for these new phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Cebula
- School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K.
- Institute
of Experimental Physics, University of Wroclaw, Pl. M. Borna 9, 50-204 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Emily
F. Smith
- School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Maria
del Carmen Gimenez-Lopez
- School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Sihai Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Martin Schröder
- School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Neil R. Champness
- School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Peter H. Beton
- School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University
Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu XH, Wang D, Wan LJ. Surface tectonics of nanoporous networks of melamine-capped molecular building blocks formed through interface Schiff-base reactions. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:2466-70. [PMID: 23868669 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Control over the assembly of molecules on a surface is of great importance for the fabrication of molecule-based miniature devices. Melamine (MA) and molecules with terminal MA units are promising candidates for supramolecular interfacial packing patterning, owing to their multiple hydrogen-bonding sites. Herein, we report the formation of self-assembled structures of MA-capped molecules through a simple on-surface synthetic route. MA terminal groups were successfully fabricated onto rigid molecular cores with 2-fold and 3-fold symmetry through interfacial Schiff-base reactions between MA and aldehyde groups. Sub-molecular scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging of the resultant adlayer revealed the formation of nanoporous networks. Detailed structural analysis indicated that strong hydrogen-bonding interactions between the MA groups persistently drove the formation of nanoporous networks. Herein, we demonstrate that functional groups with strong hydrogen-bond-formation ability are promising building blocks for the guided assembly of nanoporous networks and other hierarchical 2D assemblies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-He Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190 (P. R. China); Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P. R. China), Fax: (+86) 10-62558934; Graduate University of CAS, Beijing 100490 (P. R. China)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Münch AS, Katzsch F, Weber E, Mertens FO. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and structural investigation of a new symmetrically trisubstituted benzene derivative: 3,3′,3′′-(Benzene-1,3,5-triyl)tripropiolic acid. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
47
|
MacLeod JM, Ben Chaouch Z, Perepichka DF, Rosei F. Two-dimensional self-assembly of a symmetry-reduced tricarboxylic acid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:7318-7324. [PMID: 23327627 DOI: 10.1021/la3047593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Investigations of the self-assembly of simple molecules at the solution/solid interface can provide useful insight into the general principles governing supramolecular chemistry in two dimensions. Here, we report on the assembly of 3,4',5-biphenyl tricarboxylic acid (H3BHTC), a small hydrogen bonding unit related to the much-studied 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimesic acid, TMA), which we investigate using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. STM images show that H3BHTC assembles by itself into an offset zigzag chain structure that maximizes the surface molecular density in favor of maximizing the number density of strong cyclic hydrogen bonds between the carboxylic groups. The offset geometry creates "sticky" pores that promote solvent coadsorption. Adding coronene to the molecular solution produces a transformation to a high-symmetry host-guest lattice stabilized by a dimeric/trimeric hydrogen bonding motif similar to the TMA flower structure. Finally, we show that the H3BHTC lattice firmly immobilizes the guest coronene molecules, allowing for high-resolution imaging of the coronene structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M MacLeod
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux, Télécommunications, Varennes, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ciesielski A, Szabelski PJ, Rżysko W, Cadeddu A, Cook TR, Stang PJ, Samorì P. Concentration-Dependent Supramolecular Engineering of Hydrogen-Bonded Nanostructures at Surfaces: Predicting Self-Assembly in 2D. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:6942-50. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4002025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Ciesielski
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Andrea Cadeddu
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Timothy R. Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xu J, Zeng QD. Construction of two-dimensional (2D) H-bonded supramolecular nanostructures studied by STM. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
50
|
Schwarz D, van Gastel R, Zandvliet HJW, Poelsema B. Growth anomalies in supramolecular networks: 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid on cu(001). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:076101. [PMID: 25166384 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.076101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have used low energy electron microscopy to demonstrate how the interaction of 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid (BDA) molecules with (steps on) the Cu(001) surface determines the structure of supramolecular BDA networks on a mesoscopic length scale. Our in situ real time observations reveal that steps are permeable to individual molecules but that the change in crystal registry between different layers of the Cu substrate causes them to be completely impermeable to condensed BDA domains. The resulting growth instabilities determine the evolution of the domain shape and include a novel Mullins-Sekerka-type growth instability that is characterized by high growth rates along, instead of perpendicular to, the Cu steps. This growth instability is responsible for the majority of residual defects in the BDA networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schwarz
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA^{+} Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P. O. Box 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul van Gastel
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA^{+} Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P. O. Box 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Harold J W Zandvliet
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA^{+} Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P. O. Box 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Bene Poelsema
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA^{+} Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P. O. Box 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|